2020-2025年河南省五市六市第一次联考语法填空真题专练 -2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

2020-2025年河南省五市/六市第一次联考语法填空真题精编（含答案 + 翻译 + 核心词汇） Passage 1 （2025年河南省五市高三第一次联考试题） As a Chinese-German student, I thought I knew well both Chinese culture and modernization. Yet, Suzhou presented a fresh perspective, showing me 1._______________ beautifully tradition and modernity exist in this city. Seeking a hands-on experience, I realized the amazing patience and skill 2._______________ (apply)behind every stitch(针)were such a miracle, weaving stories with threads. 3._______________ struck me that this isn’t just handcraft, but an art form and a slice of history. Walking through Suzhou at night, I 4._______________ (transport)to another world with the streetlights, crowded markets, and street food. Walking down the Pingjiang Road, 5._______________ ancient buildings meet modem lighting, I felt the unique beauty of Suzhou. And a visit to the Caoxieshan Archaeological Site Park was even 6._______________ (striking). Standing in ancient relics, I tried to picture the lives of those 7._______________ (live)here thousands of years ago. Suzhou truly deserves its honor as “the city of museums, the city of parks, and the city of theater”, from historical 8._______________ (sight)to modern buildings, famous parks to attractive local cultures. This trip was an enriching 9._______________ (explore)of China’s unique mix of tradition and modernity. I gained a deeper connection and appreciation for China’s culture and progress. So a journey to Suzhou isn’t just a physical trip, and it also benefits a 10._______________ (person)heart and soul. Passage 2 （2024年河南省五市高三第一次联考试题） Adrift (漂流) in a Sea of Green Living in the forest of steel-and-cement structures, urbanites are impatient to embrace nature on weekends. A natural forest in 1.______________ people in Sichuan province tend to spend leisure time is the Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea in Yibin. The 120-square-kilometer Bamboo Sea is the 2.______________ (large) primitive bamboo park in China. The Bamboo Sea 3._____________ (recognize) as one of the country’s 10 most beautiful forests has served as a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon 4._____________ (shoot) there. The bamboo forest got an ecotour rating when it was listed as 5._____________ world-class bamboo reserve in December 2003, the fourth tourism destination in China to get the Green Globe 21 certification, allowing itself 6.____________ (admire) by more people around China and worldwide. Located in Australia, Green Globe sets the global benchmark (基准) for certification of environmentally friendly tourism sites. 7._____________ (reflect) the principles for sustainable development and based on Agenda 21, the certification was approved by 8._____________ (represent) of 182 countries and regions from around the world during the United Nations Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992. Amazed 9.____________ its vast expanse, Huang Tingjian, a poet from the Song Dynasty (960- 1279), described it as “bamboo waves”. As Huang was an 10.______________(influence) man of letters, his description gave rise to the forest's popular nickname — the Bamboo Sea. Passage 3（2023年河南省五市高三第一次联考试题） After Emperor Kangxi decided to build 1._____________ summer resort here in 1703, Chengde became the second political center of the Qing Dynasty, and it was also the place where the emperors received foreign guests, avoided summer heat and hunted. 2.______________(construct) throughout the 18th century, the Mountain Resort was used by some emperors of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign(统治)of Emperor Yongzheng, the city Rehe was called Chengde for the first time, and it reached its 3._____________ (high) in the reign of Emperor Qianlong. The Mountain Resort and Eight Outer Temples 4._____________ (list) among the World Cultural Heritage sites in 1994, and they have contributed towards the city being one of the famous cities in the world. A little further up north of Chengde lies another jewel of the city-the natural hot springs. It’s no wonder that in Qing Dynasty Chengde was called Rehe, which literally translates 5._____________“hot river”. The hot springs 6.______________ (contain) about 43 kinds of minerals are 7._____________(benefit) to the human body. In the southwest of Chengde, there is a wonderland, 8.______________ (specific) for artists and space lovers. It’s also home to one of the world’s biggest telescopes known as LAMOST, through 9._____________ you can observe more than 4000 stars at one time. Whether you have a creative spirit, a scientific mind 10._____________ are simply looking for a soul-cleansing getaway, Chengde is a perfect place for you. Passage 4（2021年河南省六市高三第一次联考试题） The Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games will be the new start for winter sports worldwide with over 300 million Chinese 1.______________(take) up them, said International Olympic Committee（IOC）President Thomas Bach on Thursday, 2.______________ he opened the 139th IOC Session in the Chinese capital on the eve of the Opening Ceremony. The IOC President added that Beijing will 3.______________(official) become the first city ever to host both summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games on Friday. Bach also 4.______________(believe) that the Chinese people will enjoy social benefits from hosting the Games. According to Bach, Beijing is showing solutions for a more sustainable（可持续的）future. “From reusing venues（场馆）from the Olympic Games 2008; to powering all Beijing 2022 venues with renewable energy; to minimizing environmental 5.______________(impact) and reducing carbon emissions, all these measures underline the commitment of Beijing 2022 to contribute to sustainable 6.______________(develop) in China,” he said. Beijing 2022 will also mean a lot for winter sports beyond China, and change the 7.______________(globe) landscape of winter sports forever. For the athletes, Bach underlined how they have the once—in—a—lifetime opportunity 8.______________(reach) not only their traditional supporters, but also a completely new fan base during these Olympic Winter Games. “These Games are not 9.______________ end of the story. With their performance and their appearance, each of these athletes can win over a huge new fan community for the time after the Games. With this they can take their own popularity and the popularity of their winter sport 10.______________ a new height,” said the German. Passage 5（2020年河南省六市高三第一次联考试题） China has by far 1.______________ largest high-speed railway network in the world. Its high-speed rail system stretches over 38,000 kilometers , which is almost enough 2.______________ (circle) the earth once, and is still growing. Currently it 3.______________ (make) up 70 percent of the world's high speed rail systems. The network is so extensive that nearly all big Chinese cities can be reached by high-speed trains. China’ s rail system also operates in extreme locations such as on the plateau and desert in northwestern China as well as in cities in southern China, 4.______________ have a 3-month rainy season every year. The overall design and core technologies of the Fuxing high-speed train were independently developed in China, which has independent intellectual property rights of those developments. Among the 254 important standards, Chinese standards account for 84 percent. To date, China's high-speed rail products and technology 5.______________ ( export) to nearly 100 countries and regions on six continents. To our 6.______________ (amaze) , China has set a new record by developing and 7.______________ (build) the world's first locomotive prototype(机车原型)using high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology (HTS Maglev高温超导磁悬浮技术)and the trains will run 8.______________ (fast) than any other train in the world as they have been designed to run 9.______________ a speed of 620 kilometers per hour. “It’s been 20 years in the making. In 2000, our lab developed a small prototype carrying five people using this technology. I'm thrilled to see that we are able to build this to carry so many people in 2021,” said Zhang Jinkai, a graduate student from Southwest Jiaotong University who has been 10.______________ (close) working on the project. Passage 6（2022年河南省六市高三第一次联考试题） Why does autumn have two names? According to Merriam-Webster, “autumn” appeared first in English in the 1300s, coming from the Latin word “autumnus”. “Autumn” caught on quickly, likely because it replaced the 1._______________ (origin) name—”harvest”. As you might imagine, when crops were collected from the fields, calling the season “harvest” might make people 2.______________ (confuse) because “harvest” is also the name for the act 3.______________ (it). So “autumn” appeared instead of “harvest”. Then the term, “autumn”, 4._____________ was referred to the season between summer and winter, lasted for a couple of 5._____________ (century). “Fall” as a name for the season came about sometime in the 1500s, a shortened version of the very poetic phrase for “the fall of leaves”. The English phrase had true meaning of the season without leading 6.______________ any confusion. Not even a century later, the phrase became a simple word: fall. Around this same time, the English language was traveling across the globe as Britain expanded, and it was 7._____________ (go) through some changes, as many languages did. This was 8._____________ (particular) true in the American colonies (殖民地). Some English words changed in the US, whether in terms of spelling 9.______________in terms of general usage. In the mid-1800s, British and American English speakers further developed in different ways and “fall” was the common word for “autumn” in the US, while autumn 10.______________ (regard) as the word for fall in England. Passage 1参考答案 1. how 2. applied 3. It 4. was transported 5. where 6. more striking 7. living 8. sights 9. exploration 10. personal Passage 1参考翻译 作为一名中德混血学生，我原以为自己既了解中国文化，也了解现代化。然而，苏州给了我一个全新的视角，让我看到这座城市里传统与现代是如何完美共存的。 为了获得亲身体验，我意识到每一针背后所倾注的惊人耐心与技艺都是奇迹，用丝线编织出一个个故事。我突然意识到，这不仅仅是手工，更是一种艺术形式，也是一段历史的缩影。 夜晚漫步苏州，街灯、热闹的市集和街边小吃，仿佛把我带入了另一个世界。走在平江路上，古建筑与现代灯光交相辉映，我感受到了苏州独有的美。而参观草鞋山考古遗址公园的感受则更加震撼。 站在古迹之中，我努力想象数千年前生活在这里的人们的生活。 苏州无愧于 “博物馆之城、公园之城、戏曲之城” 的美誉，从历史景点到现代建筑，从知名公园到富有魅力的本土文化，处处皆景。 这次旅行是一次充实的探索，让我看到了中国传统与现代的独特融合。我与中国文化和发展有了更深的联结，也更加心生敬佩。因此，苏州之行不只是一次身体上的旅行，也滋养着个人的心灵与精神。 Passage 1重点词汇 1. modernization /ˌmɒdənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 现代化 2. perspective /pəˈspektɪv/n. 视角；观点 3. tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 4. modernity /məˈdɜːnəti/n. 现代性；现代 5. hands-on adj. 亲身实践的；实操的 6. patience /ˈpeɪʃns/n. 耐心 → patient adj. 耐心的 7. apply /əˈplaɪ/v. 应用；申请 → applied adj. 应用的 8. stitch /stɪtʃ/n. （缝纫的）针；一针 9. weave /wiːv/v. 编织（wove, woven） 10. thread /θred/n. 线；丝线 11. handcraft /ˈhændkrɑːft/n. 手工艺品；手工 12. art form 艺术形式 13. a slice of history 一段历史缩影 14. transport /ˈtrænspɔːt/v. 使身临其境；运输 → be transported to 被带入（某地 / 某种氛围） 15. crowded /ˈkraʊdɪd/adj. 拥挤的 16. ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/adj. 古代的；古老的 17. unique /juˈniːk/adj. 独特的 18. striking /ˈstraɪkɪŋ/adj. 令人震撼的；显著的 → more striking 更震撼 19. archaeological /ˌɑːkiəˈlɒdʒɪkl/adj. 考古的 20. site /saɪt/n. 遗址；地点 21. relic /ˈrelɪk/n. 遗迹；遗物 22. picture /ˈpɪktʃə(r)/v. 想象；描绘 23. deserve /dɪˈzɜːv/v. 值得；应得 24. honor /ˈɒnə(r)/n. 荣誉；美誉 25. attractive /əˈtræktɪv/adj. 有吸引力的 26. local culture 本土文化 27. enrich /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/v. 使丰富；充实 → enriching adj. 充实的 28. exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/n. 探索 → explore v. 探索 29. appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/n. 欣赏；感激 30. progress /ˈprəʊɡres/n. 进步；发展 31. physical /ˈfɪzɪkl/adj. 身体的；物质的 32. personal /ˈpɜːsənl/adj. 个人的；私人的 33. heart and soul 心灵与精神；全心全意 Passage 2 参考答案 1. which 2. largest 3. recognized 4. were shot 5. a 6. to be admired 7. Reflecting 8. representatives 9. at / by 10. influential Passage 2 参考翻译 生活在钢筋水泥构筑的森林里，城市居民迫不及待地想在周末拥抱自然。四川省人们常去休闲度假的一片天然林海，便是宜宾的蜀南竹海。这片面积达120平方公里的竹海，是中国最大的原始竹林公园。 被评为中国十大最美森林之一的竹海，因奥斯卡获奖影片《卧虎藏龙》曾在此取景，自此成为热门旅游景点。2003年12月，这片竹林被列为世界级竹子保护区，获得生态旅游评级，成为中国第四个获得“绿色环球21”认证的旅游目的地，让更多中外游客得以欣赏它的美。 “绿色环球”认证机构总部位于澳大利亚，为环保型旅游景点制定全球认证标准。该认证反映了可持续发展理念，并以《21世纪议程》为基础，于1992年联合国里约热内卢地球峰会期间，得到全球182个国家和地区代表的认可。 北宋诗人黄庭坚惊叹于它的广袤无垠，将其形容为“竹波”。由于黄庭坚是一位极具影响力的文人，这一描述也让这片森林有了广为人知的别称——竹海。 Passage 2 重点词汇 1. adrift /əˈdrɪft/ adj. 漂流的；漂泊的 2. cement /sɪˈment/ n. 水泥 3. structure /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ n. 建筑物；结构 4. urbanite /ˈɜːbənaɪt/ n. 城市居民 5. impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 不耐烦的；急切的 6. embrace /ɪmˈbreɪs/ v. 拥抱；接受 7. leisure /ˈleʒə(r)/ n. 休闲；空闲 8. square /skweə(r)/ adj. 平方的；正方形的 9. kilometer /ˈkɪləmiːtə(r)/ n. 千米，公里 10. primitive /ˈprɪmətɪv/ adj. 原始的；原生的 11. recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认可；承认；认出 → recognized adj. 被认可的 12. tourist /ˈtʊərɪst/ n. 游客 13. attraction /əˈtrækʃn/ n. 景点；吸引力 14. scene /siːn/ n. 场景；景色 15. Oscar-winning adj. 获奥斯卡奖的 16. shoot /ʃuːt/ v. 拍摄；射击（shot, shot） 17. ecotour /ˈiːkəʊtʊə(r)/ n. 生态旅游 18. rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ n. 评级；等级 19. world-class /ˌwɜːld ˈklɑːs/ adj. 世界级的 20. reserve /rɪˈzɜːv/ n. 保护区；储备 21. certification /ˌsɜːtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 认证；证书 22. destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 目的地 23. globe /ɡləʊb/ n. 地球；世界 24. benchmark /ˈbentʃmɑːk/ n. 基准；标准 25. environmentally /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentəli/ adv. 环境地；有关环境地 26. friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 友好的；无害的 27. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反映；反射 → reflecting adj. 反映的 28. principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 原则；准则 29. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的 30. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展 31. agenda /əˈdʒendə/ n. 议程 32. approve /əˈpruːv/ v. 批准；认可 33. representative /ˌreprɪˈzentətɪv/ n. 代表 adj. 典型的 → representatives n. 代表（复数） 34. region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 地区；区域 35. summit /ˈsʌmɪt/ n. 峰会；山顶 36. amazed /əˈmeɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的；惊叹的 37. vast /vɑːst/ adj. 广阔的；巨大的 38. expanse /ɪkˈspæns/ n. 广阔区域；大片区域 39. poet /ˈpəʊɪt/ n. 诗人 40. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 王朝；朝代 41. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ v. 描述；形容 42. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/ v./n. 影响 → influential adj. 有影响力的 43. man of letters 文人；学者 44. give rise to 引起；导致；使出现 45. nickname /ˈnɪkneɪm/ n. 昵称；别名 Passage 3 参考答案 1. a 2. Constructed 3. height 4. were listed 5. as 6. containing 7. beneficial 8. specifically 9. which 10. or Passage 3 参考翻译 1703年康熙皇帝决定在此修建一座避暑山庄后，承德成为清朝的第二政治中心，也是皇帝接见外国使节、避暑和狩猎的地方。 避暑山庄建于整个18世纪，曾被清朝多位皇帝使用。雍正年间，热河城首次被称为承德，并在乾隆年间达到鼎盛。 避暑山庄及外八庙于1994年被列入世界文化遗产名录，助力这座城市成为世界著名城市之一。 承德再往北一点，坐落着这座城市的另一颗瑰宝——天然温泉。难怪在清代承德被称为热河，字面意思就是“炎热的河流”。含有约43种矿物质的温泉，对人体有益。 承德西南部有一处仙境，专门为艺术家和太空爱好者打造。这里还拥有世界最大望远镜之一的郭守敬望远镜（LAMOST），通过它你可以一次观测到4000多颗恒星。 无论你富有创造精神、拥有科学思维，还是只想寻找一次净化心灵的短途旅行，承德都是你的理想之地。 Passage 3 重点词汇 1. emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝 2. summer resort n. 避暑山庄；度假胜地 3. political /pəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj. 政治的 4. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 王朝；朝代 5. guest /ɡest/ n. 客人；宾客 6. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避开；躲避 7. heat /hiːt/ n. 热；高温 8. hunt /hʌnt/ v./n. 狩猎；打猎 9. construct /kənˈstrʌkt/ v. 建造；修建 → constructed adj. 被建造的 10. throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 遍及；自始至终 11. reign /reɪn/ n./v. 统治；在位时期 12. height /haɪt/ n. 高度；鼎盛时期 13. temple /ˈtempl/ n. 庙宇；寺庙 14. list /lɪst/ v. 列入；列表 n. 清单 15. cultural /ˈkʌltʃərəl/ adj. 文化的 16. heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产 17. contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ v. 贡献；促成 18. famous /ˈfeɪməs/ adj. 著名的 19. jewel /ˈdʒuːəl/ n. 瑰宝；珠宝 20. natural /ˈnætʃrəl/ adj. 自然的 21. spring /sprɪŋ/ n. 泉水；春天 22. literally /ˈlɪtərəli/ adv. 字面地；确实地 23. translate /trænsˈleɪt/ v. 翻译；转化 24. contain /kənˈteɪn/ v. 包含；含有 25. mineral /ˈmɪnərəl/ n. 矿物质 26. beneficial /ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 有益的 27. southwest /ˌsaʊθˈwest/ n./adj. 西南（的） 28. wonderland /ˈwʌndəlænd/ n. 仙境；奇境 29. specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. 特定的 → specifically adv. 专门地；特别地 30. artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n. 艺术家 31. space /speɪs/ n. 太空；空间 32. telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 33. observe /əbˈzɜːv/ v. 观察；观测 34. creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的 35. spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n. 精神；心灵 36. scientific /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ adj. 科学的 37. soul-cleansing adj. 净化心灵的 38. getaway /ˈɡetəweɪ/ n. 短途旅行；休闲之地 39. perfect /ˈpɜːfɪkt/ adj. 完美的；理想的 Passage 4 参考答案 1. taking 2. as / when 3. officially 4. believed 5. impacts 6. development 7. global 8. to reach 9. the 10. to Passage 4 参考翻译 国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫周四表示，北京2022年冬奥会将成为全球冬季运动的新起点，中国将有超过3亿人参与其中。开幕式前夕，他在中国首都主持召开了第139次国际奥委会全会。 巴赫主席补充道，周五北京将正式成为史上首座既举办过夏季奥运会、又举办过冬季奥运会的城市。他还相信，中国人民将从举办奥运会中获得社会效益。 巴赫称，北京正在为更可持续的未来提供解决方案。“从再利用2008年奥运会场馆，到所有北京2022年场馆使用可再生能源供电，再到最大限度降低环境影响、减少碳排放，所有这些举措都彰显了北京2022年为中国可持续发展作出贡献的决心。” 北京2022年冬奥会对中国以外的冬季运动也意义重大，并将永远改变全球冬季运动的格局。 对于运动员而言，巴赫强调，他们拥有千载难逢的机会，不仅能触达传统支持者，还能在本届冬奥会期间收获全新的粉丝群体。 “这届奥运会并不是故事的终点。每位运动员都可以凭借赛场表现与个人魅力，在赛后为冬季运动赢得庞大的新粉丝群体。借此，他们可以将自身人气以及所从事冬季运动的影响力提升到新高度。”这位德国人说道。 Passage 4 重点词汇 1. Olympic Winter Games 冬季奥林匹克运动会 2. worldwide /ˌwɜːldˈwaɪd/ adj. 全世界的 3. take up 开始从事；参与 4. committee /kəˈmɪti/ n. 委员会 5. president /ˈprezɪdənt/ n. 主席；总统 6. session /ˈseʃn/ n. 会议；届会 7. capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都；首府 8. eve /iːv/ n. 前夕 9. opening ceremony 开幕式 10. official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的 → officially adv. 正式地；官方地 11. host /həʊst/ v. 主办；举办 n. 主人 12. edition /ɪˈdɪʃn/ n. 版本；届 13. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 益处；福利 14. solution /səˈluːʃn/ n. 解决方案 15. sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的 16. reuse /ˌriːˈjuːz/ v. 再利用；重复使用 17. venue /ˈvenjuː/ n. 场馆；场地 18. power /ˈpaʊə(r)/ v. 供电；驱动 19. renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ adj. 可再生的 20. minimize /ˈmɪnɪmaɪz/ v. 使最小化 21. environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj. 环境的 22. impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响 23. carbon emission 碳排放 24. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ n. 措施；方法 25. underline /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ v. 强调；凸显 26. commitment /kəˈmɪtmənt/ n. 承诺；决心 27. contribute /kənˈtrɪbjuːt/ v. 贡献；促成 28. development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ n. 发展 29. landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 格局；局面；风景 30. athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员 31. once-in-a-lifetime adj. 千载难逢的 32. opportunity /ˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ n. 机会 33. supporter /səˈpɔːtə(r)/ n. 支持者 34. fan base /fæn beɪs/ n. 粉丝群体 35. performance /pəˈfɔːməns/ n. 表现；表演 36. appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ n. 外观；形象；亮相 37. win over 赢得；说服 38. community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 群体；社区 39. popularity /ˌpɒpjuˈlærəti/ n. 人气；受欢迎程度 40. height /haɪt/ n. 高度；水平 Passage 5 参考答案 1. the 2. to circle 3. makes 4. which 5. have been exported 6. amazement 7. building 8. faster 9. at 10. closely Passage 5 参考翻译 中国目前拥有世界上规模最大的高速铁路网。其高铁系统绵延超过3.8万公里，几乎足以绕地球一周，并且仍在不断扩展。目前，它占全球高铁系统的70%。高铁网络十分庞大，几乎中国所有大城市都可乘坐高铁抵达。中国铁路系统还在极端环境地区运行，比如中国西北的高原和沙漠地带，以及中国南方每年有3个月雨季的城市。 “复兴号”高铁的整体设计与核心技术均由中国自主研发，中国拥有这些成果的自主知识产权。在254项重要标准中，中国标准占84%。迄今为止，中国高铁产品与技术已出口到六大洲近100个国家和地区。 令人惊叹的是，中国研发并建造了世界上首台采用高温超导磁悬浮技术的机车原型，创下新纪录。这些列车设计时速可达620公里，运行速度将超过世界上任何其他列车。来自西南交通大学、一直密切参与该项目的研究生张锦凯说：“这项研究历时20年。2000年，我们实验室用这项技术研制出可载5人的小型原型机。我非常激动地看到，2021年我们能够造出可承载大量乘客的列车。” Passage 5 重点词汇 1. by far 到目前为止；显然 2. largest 最大的（large最高级） 3. high-speed railway 高速铁路 4. network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络；系统 5. stretch /stretʃ/ v. 延伸；绵延 6. kilometer /ˈkɪləmiːtə/ n. 千米，公里 7. circle /ˈsɜːkl/ v. 环绕；圈出 n. 圆圈 8. currently /ˈkʌrəntli/ adv. 当前，目前 9. make up 组成；构成 10. extensive /ɪkˈstensɪv/ adj. 广阔的；广泛的 11. extreme /ɪkˈstriːm/ adj. 极端的 12. location /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ n. 位置；地点 13. plateau /ˈplætəʊ/ n. 高原 14. desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠 15. northwestern /ˌnɔːθˈwestən/ adj. 西北的 16. southern /ˈsʌðən/ adj. 南方的 17. rainy season 雨季 18. overall /ˌəʊvərˈɔːl/ adj. 整体的；全面的 19. design /dɪˈzaɪn/ n./v. 设计 20. core /kɔː(r)/ n. 核心 21. technology /tekˈnɒlədʒi/ n. 技术 22. independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地 23. develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 研发；发展 24. intellectual property rights 知识产权 25. standard /ˈstændəd/ n. 标准 26. account for 占（比例）；解释 27. to date 迄今为止 28. product /ˈprɒdʌkt/ n. 产品 29. export /ɪkˈspɔːt/ v. 出口 30. continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大洲；大陆 31. amazement /əˈmeɪzmənt/ n. 惊讶；惊叹 32. set a record 创造纪录 33. build /bɪld/ v. 建造；建设 34. prototype /ˈprəʊtətaɪp/ n. 原型；样机 35. high-temperature 高温的 36. superconducting 超导的 37. magnetic levitation 磁悬浮 38. speed /spiːd/ n. 速度 39. faster 更快的（fast比较级） 40. at a speed of 以……的速度 41. lab /læb/ n. 实验室 42. carry /ˈkæri/ v. 承载；携带 43. thrilled /θrɪld/ adj. 非常兴奋的 44. closely /ˈkləʊzli/ adv. 密切地；紧密地 Passage 6 参考答案 1. original 2. confused 3. itself 4. which 5. centuries 6. to 7. going 8. particularly 9. or 10. was regarded Passage 6 参考翻译 为什么秋天有两个名字？根据《韦氏词典》，“autumn”一词最早于14世纪出现在英语中，源自拉丁语“autumnus”。“autumn”很快流行开来，很可能是因为它取代了最初的名字——“harvest”。不难想象，当庄稼从田里收割时，把这个季节称作“harvest”可能会让人感到困惑，因为“harvest”同时也是收割这一行为本身的名称。 于是“autumn”取代了“harvest”。随后，指代夏冬之间这个季节的“autumn”一词，沿用了好几个世纪。表示这个季节的“fall”一词出现于16世纪某个时期，它是富有诗意的短语“the fall of leaves（落叶）”的缩写形式。这个英语短语准确表达了该季节的含义，不会引起任何混淆。不到一个世纪后，这个短语就简化成了一个单词：fall。 大约在同一时期，随着英国的扩张，英语传播到世界各地，并且和许多语言一样，经历了一些变化。这一点在美洲殖民地表现得尤为明显。一些英语单词在美国发生了改变，无论是拼写还是日常用法。19世纪中期，英式英语和美式英语进一步朝着不同方向发展，“fall”在美国成为表示“秋天”的常用词，而在英国，“autumn”则被用来表示“秋天”。 Passage 6 重点词汇 1. autumn /ˈɔːtəm/ n. 秋天 2. according to 根据 3. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现 4. Latin /ˈlætɪn/ adj. 拉丁语的 5. catch on 流行；受欢迎 6. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ v. 取代；替换 7. original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 最初的；原始的 8. harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ n. 收获；收割；秋季 9. crop /krɒp/ n. 庄稼；作物 10. collect /kəˈlekt/ v. 收集；收割 11. confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ v. 使困惑 → confused adj. 感到困惑的 12. act /ækt/ n. 行为；行动 13. itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己；本身 14. refer to 指代；提及 15. season /ˈsiːzn/ n. 季节 16. century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪 17. come about 产生；出现 18. shortened /ˈʃɔːtnd/ adj. 缩短的 19. version /ˈvɜːʃn/ n. 版本；形式 20. poetic /pəʊˈetɪk/ adj. 富有诗意的 21. phrase /freɪz/ n. 短语 22. leaf /liːf/ n. 叶子（复数 leaves） 23. meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意思；含义 24. lead to 导致；引起 25. confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/ n. 困惑；混淆 26. expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩张；扩展 27. go through 经历；经受 28. particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/ adj. 特别的 → particularly adv. 特别；尤其 29. colony /ˈkɒləni/ n. 殖民地 30. term /tɜːm/ n. 术语；词语 31. spelling /ˈspelɪŋ/ n. 拼写 32. usage /ˈjuːsɪdʒ/ n. 用法；使用 33. further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ adv. 进一步 34. develop /dɪˈveləp/ v. 发展；演变 35. common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 常见的；普遍的 36. regard /rɪˈɡɑːd/ v. 认为；看作 → be regarded as 被看作；被认为 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $