专题6 动词&基本句型-2（语法培优）-【优秀生培养计划-巩固与提升】2025-2026学年 译林版英语八年级上册寒假作业 快人一步系列

优秀生培养计划 专题-6动词&基本句型-2（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、双宾语及句型（S+V+O+O） 用法介绍 部分及物动词后可接两个宾语：指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，构成 “主谓双宾” 句型。间接宾语可转换为 “to/for + 间接宾语” 结构，具体用 to 还是 for 取决于动词。 动词类型 句型结构 转换形式 示例 接 to 的动词（表 “给予”） 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 动词 + 直接宾语 + to + 间接宾语 He gave me a gift. = He gave a gift to me.（他给了我一份礼物。） 接 for 的动词（表 “为了”） 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 动词 + 直接宾语 + for + 间接宾语 I bought her a book. = I bought a book for her.（我给她买了一本书。） Mom made me a cake. = Mom made a cake for me.（妈妈给我做了一个蛋糕。） 注意事项 1. to 与 for 的固定搭配：接 to 的动词多表 “传递”（如 give, teach, show）；接 for 的动词多表 “制作、购买”（如 buy, make, cook），不可混用（如错误：He bought a pen to me. 正确：He bought a pen for me.）。 2. 间接宾语为代词时：通常保留双宾语结构，不转换（如方便：She passed him the salt. 不便：She passed the salt to him.）。 二、宾语补足语及句型（S+V+O+C） 用法介绍 宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的状态或动作，构成 “主谓宾补” 句型，可由形容词、名词、动词 - ing 形式、不定式等充当。 宾补类型 示例 形容词作宾补 We keep the room clean.（我们保持房间干净。） 名词作宾补 They call him Tom.（他们叫他汤姆。） 动词 - ing 形式作宾补 I saw her dancing.（我看见她在跳舞。） 过去分词作宾补 We had the car repaired.（我们找人修了车。） 不定式作宾补 He asked me to wait.（他让我等。）（注：部分动词后不定式省略 to，如 let, make） 注意事项 1. 宾语与宾补的逻辑关系：宾补是宾语的状态或动作（如 “her” 是 “dancing” 的发出者，“car” 是 “repaired” 的承受者）。 2. 感官动词的宾补：see, watch 等感官动词后接动词 - ing 表 “动作正在进行”，接不带 to 的不定式表 “动作全过程”（如 I saw her cross the road.（我看见她过马路了。→全过程） vs. I saw her crossing the road.（我看见她正在过马路。→进行中））。 三、并列连词（and, but, or, so） 用法介绍 并列连词用于连接单词、短语或句子，表达并列、转折、选择或因果关系。 连词 含义 示例 and 和，又（并列） She likes singing and dancing.（她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。） but 但是（转折） He is short but strong.（他个子矮但强壮。） or 或者（选择） Would you like tea or coffee?（你要茶还是咖啡？） 否则（否定条件） Hurry up, or you’ll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到。） so 所以（因果） It rained, so we stayed at home.（下雨了，所以我们待在了家里。） 注意事项 1. so 与 because 不连用：because 表原因，so 表结果，两者不可同时出现在句中（如错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t go. 正确：He was ill, so he didn’t go. / Because he was ill, he didn’t go.）。 2. 否定句中的并列：否定句中用 or 连接并列成分，不用 and（如错误：I don’t like apples and bananas. 正确：I don’t like apples or bananas.）。 3. 祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句：可表条件（如 Work hard, and you’ll succeed.（努力工作，你就会成功。））。 一、单项选择 1．Try again, ________ you will make it. Mike failed many times, ________ he never gave up. A．but；but B．and；but C．or；and D．and；and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：再试一次，你会成功的。迈克失败了很多次，但他从未放弃。 考查连词。and和；but但是；or或者。第一空所在句子为“祈使句+ and +含有一般将来时的陈述句”结构，其中and表示前后句是顺承关系，意为“那么”，符合句意，A、C选项可排除。第二空所在句子存在转折关系，故应用连词but连接，故选B。 2．The structure of “Eddie often hears Hobo sing in the room.” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“Eddie often hears Hobo sing in the room.”这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。 考查句子结构。S+V+O表示主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P表示主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO表示主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC表示主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。分析句子“Eddie often hears Hobo sing in the room.”可知，Eddie是主语，hears是谓语，Hobo是宾语，sing in the room是宾语补足语，所以该句子属于S+V+DO+OC结构，故选D。 3．Della, don't stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day． A．so B．or C．but D．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Della，不要熬夜，否则你明天会困倦的。A如此，所以；B不然，否则，或者；C但是；D并且。分析题干可知本句句型为“祈使句+or+陈述句”中，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为“否则，要不然”，故选B项。 4．Which of the following has the same sentence structure with “He bought his son a toy ship.”? A．He felt tired after the long walk. B．He cleans his room every day. C．The bad news made him unhappy. D．He sent me a Christmas card. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪一句和“He bought his son a toy ship.”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。He felt tired after the long walk.主系表结构；He cleans his room every day.主谓宾结构；The bad news made him unhappy.主谓宾+宾补结构；He sent me a Christmas card.主谓+双宾语结构（间接宾语+直接宾语）。根据“He bought his son a toy ship.”可知此句的结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”，故选D。 5．Good friends are like stars. You don’t always see them, _______ you know they are there. A．and B．or C．so D．but 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：好朋友就像星星，你不能总是看见他们，但是你知道他们就在那儿。and和，又；or否则；so因此；but但是，接合语境可知选D。 考点：考查连词辨析 6．Which sentence structure is “S+V+O+C”? A．Sandy gave her cat some food. B．I found the story very interesting. C．The bird is singing beautifully. D．The dish smells very good. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：哪个句子是“主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O+C结构表示主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语（补充说明宾语的状态或特征）。Sandy gave her cat some food. Sandy给了她的猫一些食物。Sandy (S) gave (V) her cat (间接宾语) some food (直接宾语)，结构为S+V+IO+DO，不符合S+V+O+C。I found the story very interesting. 我发现这个故事非常有趣。I (S) found (V) the story (O) very interesting (C)，其中“very interesting”作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语“the story”，符合S+V+O+C结构。The bird is singing beautifully. 这只鸟正在优美地唱歌。The bird (S) is singing (V) beautifully (状语)，结构为S+V+状语，无宾语和补语。The dish smells very good. 这道菜闻起来很香。The dish (S) smells (V) very good (P)，其中“very good”作表语，结构为S+V+P，不符合S+V+O+C。因此选项B符合“S+V+O+C”的结构，故选B。 7．Simon found a notice board. What is the structure of the sentence on it? A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 【答案】D 【详解】句意：西蒙发现了一块公告板。上面的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+O+O主+谓+间宾+直宾；S+V+O+C主+谓+宾+宾补。分析原句“The lion king asks visitors to protect wild plants on the grassland.”，“The lion king”是主语（S），“asks”是谓语（V），“visitors”是宾语（O），“to protect wild plants on the grassland”是宾语补足语（C）。该句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。故选D。 8．—Which sentence has the same structure as “We find The Anti-Bully Squad interesting.” ? —It is _________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哪个句子和“我们觉得反欺凌小队很有趣”结构相同？——它是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。分析句子结构可知，“We”是主语，“find”是谓语，“The Anti - Bully Squad”是宾语，“interesting”是宾语补足语。故选D。 9．Which is the right sentence structure of "I saw the boy standing on the other side of the road."? A．S+V+DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：哪一个是 “我看见那个男孩站在路的另一边” 正确的句子结构“ 考查句子的结构。I 是主语；saw 是谓语；the boy是宾语； standing on the other side of the road.是宾补，句子的构成是 “主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”；故选D。 10．The sentence structure of “The good news made me happy.” is ________. A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“The good news made me happy”句型结构是S+V+DO+OC。 考查句型结构。S+V+IO+DO主谓间宾直宾；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+DO+OC主谓宾宾补；S+V+P主系表。The good news作主语；made作谓语；me作宾语；happy形容词作宾补。故选C。 11．—Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to Suning Square? —Go straight on________turn right at the second turning. A．but B．and C．so D．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我去苏宁广场的路吗？——一直往前走，在第二个转弯处右转。 考查并列连词。A. but但是；B. and并且，和；C. So所以；D. or否则。空格前和空格后是动作的顺延，一直往前走，然后在第二个转弯处右转，表示动作的连续、顺延用并列连词and，没有转折、因果，排除ACD，故选B。 12．The bike is very old, _______ he likes it very much. A．and B．but C．so D．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这两自行车非常的旧，但是他非常地喜欢它。A. and和，又；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. because因为。根据上下句可知，这里是表示转折关系用but，根据题意，故选B。 13．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “He bought his son a toy.”? A．He felt tired yesterday. B．He cleans his room every day. C．He keeps his room clean. D．He sent his uncle a Christmas card. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下列哪一句和“他给儿子买了一个玩具。”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。He felt tired yesterday.主系表；He cleans his room every day.主谓宾；He keeps his room clean.主谓宾宾补；He sent his uncle a Christmas card.主谓宾宾。根据“He bought his son a toy.”可知此句的结构：he作主语；bought作谓语动词；his son作宾语；a toy作宾语。故选D。 14．—What do you call these animals? —We call them kangaroos. The structure of sentence is . A．S + V B．S + V + DO C．S + V + IO + DO D．S + V + DO + OC 【答案】D 【详解】句意：---你称呼这些动物是什么？---我们称呼它们袋鼠。这个句子的结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。此题考查句子结构。根据句意，应选D。 15．— Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? — I’m sorry, there aren’t any seats now. Would you mind waiting a while? A．so B．or C．and D．but 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。你有一张两座的桌子吗？——我很抱歉，现在没有座位了。您介意等一会儿吗？ 考查连词辨析。so所以；or或者；and和；but但是。本句中用于表示歉意的话语后，引起一个分句，but本身无意义，故选D。 二、完成句子 完成句子 16．李华和大卫都是运动俱乐部的成员，他们篮球打得很好。 Li Hua David are in the Sports Club, and they are basketball. 17．玛丽经常从学校图书馆借阅各种各样的书． Mary often books the school library. 18．那盏灯笼和我们的不一样。 我们去看看！ That lantern is ours. Let's go and ! 19．贫困地区的大部分孩子上学得走很长的路． the children in poor areas a long way to school. 20．每当我去奶奶家，她总是用好吃的零食招待我。 Whenever I go to my grandma's, she gives me nice snacks . 21．你不觉得他们学校的教室与我们的不同吗? Don't you think the classrooms in their school are in ours? 22．这件外套摸上去很舒服，能借给我参加时装秀吗？ The coat . Can I it for the fashion ? 23．或许你得再花两小时完成这项工作 Maybe you have to hours on the work. 24．我真不明白为何那么多人对放烟花感兴趣。 I really don't understand why so many people are fireworks. 25．别让这些孩子吃甜食，对他们的健康没好处。 Don't let the kids eat sweet food. It’s not good . 【答案】 16． Both and, good at playing 17． borrows all kinds of from 18． different from have a look 19． It takes to walk 20． as a treat 21． different from those 22． feels comfortable borrow show 23． spend another two 24． interested in setting/letting off 25． for their health 【解析】16．both...and...表示“两者都”，并列主语，be动词用复数形式；be good at表示“擅长做”，at为介词，后接动词ing形式；“打篮球”用play basketball表示。故答案为Both；and；good at playing。 17．谓语动词“借”用borrow表示，频度副词often用于一般现在时，主语是Mary，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式borrows；all kinds of表示“各种各样的”；表示“从……”图书馆借书用from。故答案为borrows all kinds of；from。 18．be different from表示“与……不同”；have a look表示“看一看”，and连接两个并列祈使句。故答案为 different from；have a look。 19．句型“It takes sb.+时间/某物+to do sth.”表示“做某事花费某人多长时间/某事”；walk to school表示“走路去学校”。故答案为It takes；to walk。 20．as a treat表示“作为招待”；as表示“作为”；treat名词，表示“招待”，前用不定代词a。故答案为as a treat。 21．be different from表示“与……不同”；those常常用于代替上文中提到的复数名词，以免重复。故答案为different from those。 22．feel表示“摸起来”，主语是the coat，系动词用第三人称单数形式feels。feel为连系动词，后接形容词作表语；comfortable表示“舒服的”；borrow表示“借”，can为情态动词，后接动词原形；fashion为形容词作定语，修饰名词，show表示“秀”，名词。故答案为feels comfortable；borrow；show。 23．“spend +时间+ on sth.”表示“某事花费某人多长时间”，have to接动词原形；two基数词表示“两个”；“再两个小时”用another two hours表示。故答案为spend another two。 24．be interested in doing sth.表示“对做某事感兴趣”；“放烟花”用动词短语set/let off表示，in为介词，后接动词ing形式setting/letting。故答案为interested in setting off。 25．be good for表示“对……有好处”；health表示“健康”，名词作宾语，前面用形容词修饰作定语，此处用形容词性物主代词代替，their表示“他们的”。故答案为for their health。 26．I was late for class this morning because I got up late. (改为同义句) I got up late I was late for class this morning. 【答案】so 【详解】句意：我今天早上上课迟到了，因为我起床晚了。原句前句表果后句表因，是because引导的原因状语从句；同义句前表因后表果，需用so表结果，是并列复合句。故填so。 27．我们最好不要对盲盒着迷，否则我们会不停地买。 We had better not blind boxes, or we them. 【答案】 be crazy about will keep on buying 【详解】be crazy about doing sth“痴迷于做某事”，had better是情态动词，后接动词原形；keep on doing sth“持续做某事”，buy“买”，分析句子可知，此处是含or的并列复合句，此处使用一般将来时，强调结果，所以使用will keep on buying 。故填be crazy about；will keep on buying。 28．我抬头看了看天空，但是什么也没有看见。 I the sky, but saw nothing. 【答案】 looked up to 【详解】句意：我抬头看了看天空，但是什么也没有看见。but但是，并列连词，它连接的两个动词共同做谓语时，前后动词形式要一致，根据saw是一般过去时，可知but前面的动词使用过去时。look up to为固定搭配，意为“抬头看（某人或某物），尊重，仰慕”，故填looked；up；to。 29．吴老师很有耐心，经常一遍遍地为我们讲解难题。 Mr. Wu is so patient again and again. 【答案】that he often explains difficult problems to us/and he often explains difficult problems to us 【详解】结合中英文提示，此处缺“他经常为我们讲解难题”。他“he”；经常“often”；“为某人讲解某事”的英文表达为“explain sth. to sb.”；我们“us”，to后应用宾格形式；“难题”可表达为“difficult problems”，名词复数形式表泛指。该句可用“so…that…”引导复合句表示程度或用and引导并列句。又根据“Mr. Wu is so patient”可知，该句时态为一般现在时，主语为Mr. Wu，谓语动词应用三人称单数形式。故填that he often explains difficult problems to us/and he often explains difficult problems to us。 30．The white T-shirt matches the black trousers. The red T-shirt matches the black trousers, too.  (合并为一句) the white T-shirt and the red T-shirt the black trousers. 【答案】 Both match 【详解】句意：白色T恤搭配黑色裤子。红色的T恤和黑色裤子也很相配。分析原句可知两句都为简单句，且时态都为一般现在时；再根据新句中“and”，可知新句是由两个简单句构成的并列复合句；根据原句间逻辑关系，可知应用“Both…and…”来表达，主语是“the white T-shirt and the red T-shirt”，谓语动词应用动词原形。故填Both；match。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Have you ever read the book Pippi Longstocking? It is a widely beloved work of children’s literature (文学). It has been 1 into 70 languages. It’s a fun story about a naughty (淘气的) girl. Swedish 2 Astrid Lindgren wrote it. This year is the book’s 80th birthday! To many children’s surprise, Pippi Longstocking was named by the writer’s daughter Karin, who asked her mother for a get-well story when she was 3 and off school. Pippi Longstocking is quite a thick book. But once you start, you can’t put it down. Pippi is an orphan (孤儿). She lives 4 in a house called Vila Villekula. To kids, she is a great 5 of strength and independence (独立). She doesn’t follow any rules, she doesn’t go to school, and she lives with a horse and a monkey. She cooks, cleans and 6 her money. She is so strong that she can even lift her own horse! In one chapter (章节), Pippi’s friends, Tommy and Annika, ask her to try going to school for a day. It doesn’t go well. Pippi doesn’t know how to do basic math, and when it is time to 7 , she makes a huge picture of her horse on the floor because a piece of paper isn’t big 8 . Even though Pippi is a bit crazy and very different, children still like how Tommy and Annika accept her and want to join 9 on her adventures (冒险). They show that true friendship grows on respect (尊重) and shared joy. The book is also a call to accept your differences. For anyone feeling worried about being themselves, Pippi’s world tells us that creativity and kindness are more 10 than fitting in (合群). 1. A．broken B．changed C．made D．translated 2. A．artist B．doctor C．teacher D．writer 3. A．bored B．crazy C．ill D．shy 4. A．alone B．badly C．politely D．quietly 5. A．teacher B．example C．friend D．guide 6. A．loses B．manages C．raises D．wastes 7. A．draw B．listen C．talk D．play 8. A．either B．enough C．indeed D．instead 9. A．her B．him C．them D．us 10. A．difficult B．important C．national D．traditional 【答案】 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了儿童文学作品《长袜子皮皮》，包含创作背景、主角及故事意义等。 1. 句意：它已被翻译成70种语言。 broken打破；changed改变；made制作；translated翻译。根据“ It has been...into 70 languages.”可知，此处指这本书被翻译成70种语言，translate into意为“翻译成”。故选D。 2. 句意：瑞典作家Astrid Lindgren写了这本书。 artist艺术家；doctor医生；teacher教师；writer作家。根据“wrote it”可知，Astrid Lindgren是瑞典作家。故选D。 3. 句意：令许多孩子惊讶的是，《长袜子皮皮》是由作者的女儿Karin命名的，当时Karin生病请假在家，向母亲要一个康复故事。 bored无聊的；crazy疯狂的；ill生病的；shy害羞的。根据“for a get-well story”和“and off school”可知，作者的女儿Karin当时生病在家。故选C。 4. 句意：她独自住在一所叫维拉・维勒库拉的房子里。 alone独自地；badly糟糕地；politely礼貌地；quietly安静地。根据“Pippi is an orphan (孤儿).”可知，皮皮是个孤儿，她独自居住。故选A。 5. 句意：对孩子们来说，她是坚强和独立的杰出典范。 teacher教师；example例子，典范；friend朋友；guide向导。a great example of...表示“一个好的典范”，符合题意。故选B。 6. 句意：她做饭、打扫卫生，还管理自己的钱财。 loses丢失；manages管理；raises筹集，养育；wastes浪费。根据“She cooks, cleans and...her money”可知，此处指独立的皮皮自己管理钱财。故选B。 7. 句意：皮皮不懂基础数学，到了画画的时候，她在地板上画了一幅自己马的巨画，因为一张纸不够大。 draw画画；listen听；talk谈论；play玩耍。根据“she makes a huge picture of her horse”可知，此处指画画的时候。故选A。 8. 句意：皮皮不懂基础数学，到了画画的时候，她在地板上画了一幅自己马的巨画，因为一张纸不够大。 either也，用于否定句末尾；enough足够的；indeed确实；instead代替。根据“she makes a huge picture of her horse on the floor because a piece of paper isn’t big...”可知，因为纸不够大，所以她在地板上画。故选B。 9. 句意：尽管皮皮有点疯狂，很与众不同，但孩子们还是喜欢Tommy和Annika接受她，并想和她一起去冒险。 her她；him他；them他们；us我们。根据“want to join...on her adventures”可知，此处指加入皮皮的冒险，用her来指代。故选A。 10. 句意：对于任何担心做自己的人来说，皮皮的世界告诉我们，创造力和善良比合群更重要。 difficult困难的；important重要的；national国家的；traditional传统的。根据“creativity and kindness are more...than fitting in”可知，此处强调创造力与善良比合群更重要。故选B。 Passage 2 Jennie sat at her window as usual, looking out upon the street, with a look of sadness on her face, “What a long day this is going to be!” Then she saw a little boy running down the street, swinging his schoolbag. Looking up to the window, he took off his hat and bowed (鞠躬) with a bright, pleasant smile. “What a nice 1 .” said Jennie to herself, as the boy ran out of sight. “It seems like having the sunshine. I wish everybody who goes by would look up 2 smile.” George, the little boy, told his mother about that 3 girl when he got back home, “She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.” The next morning, as Jennie 4 at the window again, she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers carefully picking his way across the street. He stopped in front of her window, smiling pleasantly, and said, “Can I come in?” Jennie told him how to get into the house. Opening the door to Jennie’s gentle “Come in”, George said, “I’ve brought you some flowers.” “Are they for me?” said Jennie 5 . “How kind you are,” she continued, as George put the flowers on her lap. “I’ve 6 received any flowers since we moved to the town.” “Did you live in the countryside?” asked George, 7 the old, small and empty room. “Yes,” said Jennie. Jennie used to have a happy family and live in a beautiful house in the countryside. However, she lost her right leg in an accident. She couldn’t walk like other people any longer. Later, her father died, and her mother was sick for so many years that their money was all gone. They sold the house, and moved here to get work to do. George told his parents 8 . They decided to help her. More and more people in the 9 gave Jennie friendly smiles when they passed by her house. She was greatly cheered up. A few months later, Jennie and her mother 10 a flower shop. People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop, having a lovely smile on her face. 1. A．house B．door C．smile D．schoolbag 2. A．and B．but C．as D．or 3. A．rich B．lucky C．bad D．poor 4. A．stood B．cried C．sat D．waited 5. A．angrily B．easily C．sadly D．happily 6. A．never B．usually C．always D．sometimes 7. A．looking for B．looking around C．looking like D．looking after 8. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 9. A．countryside B．town C．village D．city 10. A．reached B．left C．closed D．opened 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. D 【导语】本文主要描述了一个小男孩设法帮助一个小女孩的故事，最后让这个失去一条腿的女孩重新树立起了生活的信心。从而也让人们懂得了微笑的力量是多么伟大。 1. 句意：当男孩跑出了视线，珍妮自言自语说：“多么漂亮的笑容”。 house房子；door门；smile微笑；schoolbag书包。根据前文“Looking up to the window, he took off his hat and bowed (鞠躬) with a bright, pleasant smile”可知，此处指的是男孩的微笑。故选C。 2. 句意：我希望每一个经过的人都会抬头微笑。 and和；but但是；as当……时候；or或者。结合语境可知，look up（向上看）和smile（微笑）作并列谓语，用and连接。故选A。 3. 句意：小男孩乔治回家后告诉他妈妈那个可怜的女孩……。 rich富裕的；lucky幸运的；bad糟糕的；poor可怜的。联系下文“She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.”可知，他认为那是个可怜的女孩。故选D。 4. 句意：次日早晨，当珍妮又坐在窗边，她看见乔治拿着一把美丽的鲜花小心翼翼地穿过街道。 stood站立；cried哭；sat坐；waited等待。根据上文“Jennie sat at her window as usual,”可知，珍妮又坐在窗前。故选C。 5. 句意：“它们是给我的吗？”珍妮高兴地说。 angrily生气地；easily容易地；sadly伤心地；happily高兴地。根据下文“How kind you are”可知，珍妮很高兴。故选D。 6. 句意：自从我们搬到镇上，我就再也没有收到过花。 never从不；usually通常；always总是；sometimes有时。根据“They sold the house, and moved here to get work to do.”可知，自从搬到这儿来以后，她从来没有收到过任何鲜花。故选A。 7. 句意：“你过去住在乡下吗？”乔治问，四处看着又旧又小、空荡荡的房间。 looking for寻找；looking around四处看；looking like看起来像；looking after照顾。根据“the old, small and empty room”可知，乔治环顾四周。故选B。 8. 句意：乔治告诉他的父母一切。 something某事；anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没事。根据“They decided to help her.”可知，乔治把女孩的所有故事都告诉了父母。故选C。 9. 句意：在镇上越来越多的人给珍妮友善的微笑，当他们路过她家的时候。 countryside乡下；town城镇；village村庄；city城市。根据“since we moved to the town”可知，此处是指镇上的人们。故选B。 10. 句意：几个月后，珍妮和她的母亲开了一家花店。 reached到达；left离开；closed关闭；opened开。根据“People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop, having a lovely smile on her face.”可知，她们是开了花店。故选D。 Passage 3 No one knew I was really scared (害怕的) to ride the roller coaster. I’m afraid of heights. When my family all looked 1 and said yes, I didn’t want to be the only one to stay behind. My little sister was just tall enough to ride, but she wasn’t scared at all. If she wasn’t afraid, how could I say I was? As we slowly moved forward in the long line, I tried to be 2 . “You can do it.” I told myself again and again. But the closer we got, the more nervous I felt. Before I knew it, we reached the 3 of the line. It was our turn. The roller coaster cars came and 4 . The gate opened. It was time to step in. I felt so scared that my body wouldn’t move. I knew then: I couldn’t ride the roller coaster. I said to the worker, “I don’t want to go.” She was nice and showed me the way out. I went away quickly. I just shouted to Dad that I was leaving. There wasn’t time for him to say anything, and I didn’t look back. My legs felt 5 , but I was also a bit relaxed. I thought, even if they were unhappy or laughed at me, it was 6 than riding the roller coaster. I sat on a bench and waited, with my eyes looking at the ground. When I heard footsteps, I looked up. As soon as they sat down, Dad asked, “Are you okay?” “What’s the 7 ?” Dad asked. I told him I was scared. Having opened up about my fear, I felt a sense of relief and honesty took its place. “I’m sorry I let you down,” I said quietly, unable to meet his eyes. Dad smiled 8 , placing a hand on my shoulder. “Never feel bad for knowing your limits,” he said. When I heard his words, I felt like a heavy stone was 9 . That day, I learned that being brave isn’t about acting like you’re not afraid. It’s about knowing yourself and 10 it. Never say sorry for knowing what you can and can’t do. 1. A．calm B．proud C．confident D．excited 2. A．brave B．happy C．honest D．patient 3. A．bottom B．middle C．front D．back 4. A．moved B．waited C．started D．stopped 5. A．tired B．weak C．light D．relaxed 6. A．safer B．easier C．better D．luckier 7. A．matter B．reason C．accident D．difference 8. A．wisely B．softly C．shyly D．loudly 9. A．gone B．broken C．hidden D．carried 10. A．fearing B．facing C．receiving D．refusing 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. B 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因为恐高而害怕坐过山车，但在家人面前假装不害怕，最终在排队时无法克服恐惧选择退出，作者感到羞愧和紧张，但父亲理解并安慰他，让他明白勇敢不是装作不害怕，而是认识自己并接受自己的极限。 1. 句意：当我的家人都看起来很兴奋并说是的时候，我不想成为唯一一个留下来的人。 calm冷静的；proud自豪的；confident有信心的；excited兴奋的。根据“ride the roller coaster.”及“When my family all looked...and said yes,”可知，家人听到要坐过山车是感到很兴奋。故选D。 2. 句意：当我们在长队中慢慢前进时，我试着勇敢起来。 brave勇敢的；happy高兴的；honest诚实的；patient耐心的。根据“‘You can do it.’ I told myself again and again.”可知，作者是尝试勇敢起来。故选A。 3. 句意：不知不觉中，我们走到了队伍的最前面。 bottom底部；middle中间；front前面；back后面 。根据“It was our turn.”可知，是到了队伍的前面。故选C。 4. 句意：过山车来了并停下来。 moved移动；waited等待；started开始；stopped停下。根据“The gate opened.”可知，过山车是停了下来。故选D。 5. 句意：我的腿感到无力，但我也有点放松。 tired疲倦的；weak无力的；light轻的；relaxed放松的。根据“I felt so scared that my body wouldn’t move.”可知，作者因为非常害怕，腿感觉到无力。故选B。 6. 句意：我想，即使他们不高兴或嘲笑我，这也比坐过山车好。 safer更安全的；easier更容易的；better更好的；luckier更幸运的。根据“but I was also a bit relaxed.”可知，作者是觉得即便被人嘲笑也比坐过山车好。故选C。 7. 句意：“怎么了？” matter关系；reason理由；accident事故；difference不同。what’s the matter“怎么了”，固定搭配。故选A。 8. 句意：爸爸轻轻一笑，把手放在我的肩膀上。 wisely明智地；softly轻柔地；shyly害羞地；loudly大声地。根据“Never feel bad for knowing your limits,”可知，爸爸是轻轻一笑安慰他。故选B。 9. 句意：当我听到他的话时，我觉得一块沉重的石头不见了。 gone离开；broken坏了；hidden藏起来；carried携带。根据“a heavy stone was...”可知，爸爸安慰的话让作者觉得一块沉重的石头不见了。故选A。 10. 句意：是关于了解自己并面对它。 fearing害怕；facing面对；receiving收到；refusing拒绝。根据“Never say sorry for knowing what you can and can’t do.”可知，是要了解自己并面对自己的恐惧。故选B。 四、选词填空 Passage 4 请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 especial    pollute    or    right away    break down   Thanks to plastic, life is more convenient (便利的). However, plastic is also hurting our lives. It is 1 the environment and killing humans and animals. And it takes hundreds of years for plastic 2 . What’s worse, most people haven’t realized the importance of using less plastic. People are still making, using and throwing away more plastic every day. Around nine million tons of plastic waste enters the seas every year. The amount (数量) on land and at sea continues to grow. So we need to take action 3 . We must cut our use of plastic, 4 single-use plastic. We must also recycle more, 5 we might not have a life or a world left. 【答案】1. polluting 2. to break down 3. right away 4. especially 5. or 【导语】本文主要介绍了塑料的坏处，呼吁大家减少使用塑料。 1. 句意：它正在污染环境，杀害人类和动物。根据“It is...the environment and killing humans and animals.”可知此处表示“正在污染环境”，根据is可知本句是现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are+动词的现在分词，pollute的现在分词为polluting。故填polluting。 2. 句意：塑料需要数百年才能分解。根据“And it takes hundreds of years for plastic...”及备选单词可知此处表示“分解”break down，由“it takes hundreds of years for”可知考查“it takes+时间+for sb/sth to do sth”做某事花费某人/某物多长时间。故填to break down。 3. 句意：因此，我们需要立即采取行动。根据“So we need to take action”及备选单词可知此处表示“立刻，马上”right away，固定短语。故填right away。 4. 句意：我们必须减少塑料的使用，尤其是一次性塑料。根据“We must cut our use of plastic...single-use plastic.”及备选单词可知此处表示“尤其，特别”，especially意为“尤其，特别”，强调我们必须减少塑料的使用。故填especially。 5. 句意：我们也必须更多地回收利用，否则我们可能会失去生命或世界。根据“We must also recycle more...we might not have a life or a world left.”可知前半句是正确的做法，后半句是不这样做导致的不良后果，转折关系，用or。故填or。 Passage 5 请根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺，每个单词或短语只能用一次。 decide where when write and who but until the other can One day, two friends were walking through the desert. During the journey they had a quarrel, 1 suddenly, one friend hit the other one in the face. The one who was hit was hurt, 2 he didn’t say anything. Instead, he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face.” They kept on walking 3 they found an oasis (绿洲). They 4 to get some water. The one who had been hit fell into the mire (泥潭) and was in danger, but the friend saved him. 5 he felt all right, he 6 on a stone, “Today my best friend saved my life.” The one 7 had hit and saved his best friend asked him. “After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand, and now you write it on a stone, why?” 8 friend replied, “When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness (宽恕) 9 blow it away. But when someone does something good for us, we must write it on stone 10 no wind can ever blow it away.” 【答案】 1. and 2. but 3. until 4. decided 5. When 6. wrote 7. who 8. The other 9. can 10. where 【导语】本文讲述了一个人将与朋友间发生的事情分别写在沙子上和雕刻在石头上的故事，说明了我们应该学会宽容和感恩。 1. 句意：在旅途中，他们吵架了，突然，一个朋友打了另一个朋友的脸。根据空前“During the journey they had a quarrel”及空后“one friend hit the other one in the face”的句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处为顺承关系。故填and。 2. 句意：被打的那个人受伤了，但他什么也没说。根据空前“The one who was hit was hurt”及空后“he didn’t say anything”的句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处为转折关系。故填but。 3. 句意：他们继续走，直到找到一片绿洲。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表达某个动作或状态持续到另一个动作或状态发生之前，应用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 4. 句意：他们决定喝点水。根据上文“they found an oasis”及下文“The one who had been hit fell into the mire”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示决定喝点水，decide“决定”符合；根据上文中的“One day”可是，句子时态为一般过去时。故填decided。 5. 句意：当他感觉好的时候，他在一块石头上写道：“今天我最好的朋友救了我的命。”根据句意并结合备选词汇可知，此处表达主从句两个动作同时发生，应用when引导时间状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填When。 6. 句意：当他感觉好的时候，他在一块石头上写道：“今天我最好的朋友救了我的命。”根据下文“But when someone does something good for us, we must write it on stone”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指写，write“写”符合，此处指过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填wrote。 7. 句意：那个打了他并救了他最好的朋友的人问他。分析句子结构并结合备选词汇可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为指人的“The one”。故填who。 8. 句意：另一位朋友回答说：“当有人伤害我们时，我们应该把它写在沙子上，宽恕之风可以把它吹走。”根据上文“two friends”以及“The one”可知，此处指两者中的另一个。故填The other。 9. 句意：当有人伤害我们时，我们应该把它写在沙子上，宽恕之风可以把它吹走。根据下文“no wind can ever blow it away”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指能够把它吹走。故填can。 10. 句意：但当有人为我们做了好事时，我们必须把它写到石头上，风永远吹不走。根据上文“we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness…blow it away”的结构并结合备选词汇可知，此处应用where引导定语从句。故填where。 Passage 6 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。 enough, by, kill, call, recent I have been reading Charlotte’s Web by E.B．White. In this book, Fern lives on a farm. At the start of the book, a piglet (猪崽) has 1 been born. He is very small. Fern’s father thinks it can’t survive and wants to kill him. But Fern saves the piglet. She calls him Wilbur and feeds him milk. When he is big 2 , Wilbur goes to live in a barn (谷仓) that belongs to Fern’s uncle. In the barn, Wilbur has a friend 3 Charlotte. She is a spider (蜘蛛). Wilbur finds out that Fern’s uncle 4 him for meat. Wilbur asks Charlotte for help. Charlotte helps 5 writing messages praising Wilbur in her web so that people will think Wilbur is a special pig. also, character, go, excite, but My favourite part of the book is when Wilbur goes to the fair. The family go to the fair too. They have helped Wilbur to get ready for a competition, but now they have 6 home. Wilbur is nervous and Charlotte is working on a new web. This is an 7 part of the book. One of the best 8 is Templeton, the rat. He is funny. I 9 like the geese. I think the writer makes them seem real. I really enjoy reading this book. It is a nice story, 10 the end is a bit sad. Philip Reed, Aged 11 【答案】 1. recently 2. enough 3. called 4. is going to kill/will kill 5. by 6. gone 7. exciting 8. characters 9. also 10. but 【导语】本文是一篇书评，主要讲述了《夏洛特的网》这本书的故事情节和作者对书中角色的喜爱。 1. 句意：在书的开头，一只小猪刚刚出生。设空处需要副词修饰动词“been born”，根据“He is very small”可知，小猪刚出生，备选词汇recent的副词形式recently“最近，刚刚”符合语境。故填recently。 2. 句意：当足够大的时候，威尔伯去住在弗恩叔叔的谷仓里。设空处需要副词修饰形容词“big”，根据“When he is big..., Wilbur goes to live in a barn (谷仓) that belongs to Fern’s uncle.”可知，它足够大的时候，住在弗恩叔叔的谷仓里。备选词汇enough“足够”符合语境。故填enough。 3. 句意：在谷仓里，威尔伯有一个叫夏洛特的朋友。根据“a friend...Charlotte”可知，此处指一个叫夏洛特的朋友，需要动词过去分词作后置定语修饰friend，备选词汇call的过去分词called“被叫做”符合语境。故填called。 4. 句意：威尔伯发现弗恩的叔叔想杀了他做肉。根据“Fern’s uncle...him for meat”可知，此处指要杀死他。kill“杀死”，且由句意可知此处应用一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作。故填is going to kill/will kill。 5. 句意：夏洛特在她的网上写下赞扬威尔伯的信息，这样人们就会认为威尔伯是一只特别的猪。根据“Charlotte helps...writing messages praising Wilbur in her web”可知，通过写下赞扬威尔伯的信息来帮忙，备选词汇by“通过……方式”符合语境。故填by。 6. 句意：他们帮助威尔伯准备比赛，但他们已经回家了。设空处需要动词的过去分词构成现在完成时态，根据“they have...home”可知，他们回家了，备选词汇go的过去分词gone符合语境。故填gone。 7. 句意：这是书中一个激动人心的部分。设空处需要形容词修饰名词“part”，根据“This is an...part of the book.”可知，这部分很令人激动，备选词汇excite的形容词形式exciting“令人兴奋的”符合语境。故填exciting。 8. 句意：最好的角色之一是老鼠坦普尔顿。one of后需要名词复数，表示“……之一”。根据“Templeton, the rat”可知，老鼠坦普尔顿是其中一个角色，备选词汇character的复数形式characters“角色”符合语境。故填characters。 9. 句意：我也喜欢鹅。 根据“One of the best..is Templeton, the rat. He is funny. I...like the geese.”可知，除了老鼠，也喜欢鹅。备选词汇also“也”符合语境。故填also。 10. 句意：这是一个美好的故事，但结局有点悲伤。 根据“It is a nice story, ...the end is a bit sad.”可知，虽然故事很美，但是结局悲伤，需要连词表示转折，根据备选词汇but“但是”符合语境。故填but。 12 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $优秀生培养计划 专题-6动词&基本句型-2（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、双宾语及句型（S+V+O+O） 用法介绍 部分及物动词后可接两个宾语：指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，构成 “主谓双宾” 句型。间接宾语可转换为 “to/for + 间接宾语” 结构，具体用 to 还是 for 取决于动词。 动词类型 句型结构 转换形式 示例 接 to 的动词（表 “给予”） 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 动词 + 直接宾语 + to + 间接宾语 He gave me a gift. = He gave a gift to me.（他给了我一份礼物。） 接 for 的动词（表 “为了”） 动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 动词 + 直接宾语 + for + 间接宾语 I bought her a book. = I bought a book for her.（我给她买了一本书。） Mom made me a cake. = Mom made a cake for me.（妈妈给我做了一个蛋糕。） 注意事项 1. to 与 for 的固定搭配：接 to 的动词多表 “传递”（如 give, teach, show）；接 for 的动词多表 “制作、购买”（如 buy, make, cook），不可混用（如错误：He bought a pen to me. 正确：He bought a pen for me.）。 2. 间接宾语为代词时：通常保留双宾语结构，不转换（如方便：She passed him the salt. 不便：She passed the salt to him.）。 二、宾语补足语及句型（S+V+O+C） 用法介绍 宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的状态或动作，构成 “主谓宾补” 句型，可由形容词、名词、动词 - ing 形式、不定式等充当。 宾补类型 示例 形容词作宾补 We keep the room clean.（我们保持房间干净。） 名词作宾补 They call him Tom.（他们叫他汤姆。） 动词 - ing 形式作宾补 I saw her dancing.（我看见她在跳舞。） 过去分词作宾补 We had the car repaired.（我们找人修了车。） 不定式作宾补 He asked me to wait.（他让我等。）（注：部分动词后不定式省略 to，如 let, make） 注意事项 1. 宾语与宾补的逻辑关系：宾补是宾语的状态或动作（如 “her” 是 “dancing” 的发出者，“car” 是 “repaired” 的承受者）。 2. 感官动词的宾补：see, watch 等感官动词后接动词 - ing 表 “动作正在进行”，接不带 to 的不定式表 “动作全过程”（如 I saw her cross the road.（我看见她过马路了。→全过程） vs. I saw her crossing the road.（我看见她正在过马路。→进行中））。 三、并列连词（and, but, or, so） 用法介绍 并列连词用于连接单词、短语或句子，表达并列、转折、选择或因果关系。 连词 含义 示例 and 和，又（并列） She likes singing and dancing.（她喜欢唱歌和跳舞。） but 但是（转折） He is short but strong.（他个子矮但强壮。） or 或者（选择） Would you like tea or coffee?（你要茶还是咖啡？） 否则（否定条件） Hurry up, or you’ll be late.（快点，否则你会迟到。） so 所以（因果） It rained, so we stayed at home.（下雨了，所以我们待在了家里。） 注意事项 1. so 与 because 不连用：because 表原因，so 表结果，两者不可同时出现在句中（如错误：Because he was ill, so he didn’t go. 正确：He was ill, so he didn’t go. / Because he was ill, he didn’t go.）。 2. 否定句中的并列：否定句中用 or 连接并列成分，不用 and（如错误：I don’t like apples and bananas. 正确：I don’t like apples or bananas.）。 3. 祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句：可表条件（如 Work hard, and you’ll succeed.（努力工作，你就会成功。））。 一、单项选择 1．Try again, ________ you will make it. Mike failed many times, ________ he never gave up. A．but；but B．and；but C．or；and D．and；and 2．The structure of “Eddie often hears Hobo sing in the room.” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 3．Della, don't stay up late, ________ you will feel sleepy the next day． A．so B．or C．but D．and 4．Which of the following has the same sentence structure with “He bought his son a toy ship.”? A．He felt tired after the long walk. B．He cleans his room every day. C．The bad news made him unhappy. D．He sent me a Christmas card. 5．Good friends are like stars. You don’t always see them, _______ you know they are there. A．and B．or C．so D．but 6．Which sentence structure is “S+V+O+C”? A．Sandy gave her cat some food. B．I found the story very interesting. C．The bird is singing beautifully. D．The dish smells very good. 7．Simon found a notice board. What is the structure of the sentence on it? A．S+V+P B．S+V+O C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+O+C 8．—Which sentence has the same structure as “We find The Anti-Bully Squad interesting.” ? —It is _________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 9．Which is the right sentence structure of "I saw the boy standing on the other side of the road."? A．S+V+DO B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 10．The sentence structure of “The good news made me happy.” is ________. A．S+V+IO+DO B．S+V+O C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 11．—Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to Suning Square? —Go straight on________turn right at the second turning. A．but B．and C．so D．or 12．The bike is very old, _______ he likes it very much. A．and B．but C．so D．because 13．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “He bought his son a toy.”? A．He felt tired yesterday. B．He cleans his room every day. C．He keeps his room clean. D．He sent his uncle a Christmas card. 14．—What do you call these animals? —We call them kangaroos. The structure of sentence is . A．S + V B．S + V + DO C．S + V + IO + DO D．S + V + DO + OC 15．— Excuse me. Do you have a table for two? — I’m sorry, there aren’t any seats now. Would you mind waiting a while? A．so B．or C．and D．but 二、完成句子 完成句子 16．李华和大卫都是运动俱乐部的成员，他们篮球打得很好。 Li Hua David are in the Sports Club, and they are basketball. 17．玛丽经常从学校图书馆借阅各种各样的书． Mary often books the school library. 18．那盏灯笼和我们的不一样。 我们去看看！ That lantern is ours. Let's go and ! 19．贫困地区的大部分孩子上学得走很长的路． the children in poor areas a long way to school. 20．每当我去奶奶家，她总是用好吃的零食招待我。 Whenever I go to my grandma's, she gives me nice snacks . 21．你不觉得他们学校的教室与我们的不同吗? Don't you think the classrooms in their school are in ours? 22．这件外套摸上去很舒服，能借给我参加时装秀吗？ The coat . Can I it for the fashion ? 23．或许你得再花两小时完成这项工作 Maybe you have to hours on the work. 24．我真不明白为何那么多人对放烟花感兴趣。 I really don't understand why so many people are fireworks. 25．别让这些孩子吃甜食，对他们的健康没好处。 Don't let the kids eat sweet food. It’s not good . 26．I was late for class this morning because I got up late. (改为同义句) I got up late I was late for class this morning. 27．我们最好不要对盲盒着迷，否则我们会不停地买。 We had better not blind boxes, or we them. 28．我抬头看了看天空，但是什么也没有看见。 I the sky, but saw nothing. 29．吴老师很有耐心，经常一遍遍地为我们讲解难题。 Mr. Wu is so patient again and again. 30．The white T-shirt matches the black trousers. The red T-shirt matches the black trousers, too.  (合并为一句) the white T-shirt and the red T-shirt the black trousers. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Have you ever read the book Pippi Longstocking? It is a widely beloved work of children’s literature (文学). It has been 1 into 70 languages. It’s a fun story about a naughty (淘气的) girl. Swedish 2 Astrid Lindgren wrote it. This year is the book’s 80th birthday! To many children’s surprise, Pippi Longstocking was named by the writer’s daughter Karin, who asked her mother for a get-well story when she was 3 and off school. Pippi Longstocking is quite a thick book. But once you start, you can’t put it down. Pippi is an orphan (孤儿). She lives 4 in a house called Vila Villekula. To kids, she is a great 5 of strength and independence (独立). She doesn’t follow any rules, she doesn’t go to school, and she lives with a horse and a monkey. She cooks, cleans and 6 her money. She is so strong that she can even lift her own horse! In one chapter (章节), Pippi’s friends, Tommy and Annika, ask her to try going to school for a day. It doesn’t go well. Pippi doesn’t know how to do basic math, and when it is time to 7 , she makes a huge picture of her horse on the floor because a piece of paper isn’t big 8 . Even though Pippi is a bit crazy and very different, children still like how Tommy and Annika accept her and want to join 9 on her adventures (冒险). They show that true friendship grows on respect (尊重) and shared joy. The book is also a call to accept your differences. For anyone feeling worried about being themselves, Pippi’s world tells us that creativity and kindness are more 10 than fitting in (合群). 1. A．broken B．changed C．made D．translated 2. A．artist B．doctor C．teacher D．writer 3. A．bored B．crazy C．ill D．shy 4. A．alone B．badly C．politely D．quietly 5. A．teacher B．example C．friend D．guide 6. A．loses B．manages C．raises D．wastes 7. A．draw B．listen C．talk D．play 8. A．either B．enough C．indeed D．instead 9. A．her B．him C．them D．us 10. A．difficult B．important C．national D．traditional Passage 2 Jennie sat at her window as usual, looking out upon the street, with a look of sadness on her face, “What a long day this is going to be!” Then she saw a little boy running down the street, swinging his schoolbag. Looking up to the window, he took off his hat and bowed (鞠躬) with a bright, pleasant smile. “What a nice 1 .” said Jennie to herself, as the boy ran out of sight. “It seems like having the sunshine. I wish everybody who goes by would look up 2 smile.” George, the little boy, told his mother about that 3 girl when he got back home, “She looks so helpless. I wish I could do something for her.” The next morning, as Jennie 4 at the window again, she saw George with a handful of beautiful flowers carefully picking his way across the street. He stopped in front of her window, smiling pleasantly, and said, “Can I come in?” Jennie told him how to get into the house. Opening the door to Jennie’s gentle “Come in”, George said, “I’ve brought you some flowers.” “Are they for me?” said Jennie 5 . “How kind you are,” she continued, as George put the flowers on her lap. “I’ve 6 received any flowers since we moved to the town.” “Did you live in the countryside?” asked George, 7 the old, small and empty room. “Yes,” said Jennie. Jennie used to have a happy family and live in a beautiful house in the countryside. However, she lost her right leg in an accident. She couldn’t walk like other people any longer. Later, her father died, and her mother was sick for so many years that their money was all gone. They sold the house, and moved here to get work to do. George told his parents 8 . They decided to help her. More and more people in the 9 gave Jennie friendly smiles when they passed by her house. She was greatly cheered up. A few months later, Jennie and her mother 10 a flower shop. People could always see Jennie sitting in the shop, having a lovely smile on her face. 1. A．house B．door C．smile D．schoolbag 2. A．and B．but C．as D．or 3. A．rich B．lucky C．bad D．poor 4. A．stood B．cried C．sat D．waited 5. A．angrily B．easily C．sadly D．happily 6. A．never B．usually C．always D．sometimes 7. A．looking for B．looking around C．looking like D．looking after 8. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 9. A．countryside B．town C．village D．city 10. A．reached B．left C．closed D．opened Passage 3 No one knew I was really scared (害怕的) to ride the roller coaster. I’m afraid of heights. When my family all looked 1 and said yes, I didn’t want to be the only one to stay behind. My little sister was just tall enough to ride, but she wasn’t scared at all. If she wasn’t afraid, how could I say I was? As we slowly moved forward in the long line, I tried to be 2 . “You can do it.” I told myself again and again. But the closer we got, the more nervous I felt. Before I knew it, we reached the 3 of the line. It was our turn. The roller coaster cars came and 4 . The gate opened. It was time to step in. I felt so scared that my body wouldn’t move. I knew then: I couldn’t ride the roller coaster. I said to the worker, “I don’t want to go.” She was nice and showed me the way out. I went away quickly. I just shouted to Dad that I was leaving. There wasn’t time for him to say anything, and I didn’t look back. My legs felt 5 , but I was also a bit relaxed. I thought, even if they were unhappy or laughed at me, it was 6 than riding the roller coaster. I sat on a bench and waited, with my eyes looking at the ground. When I heard footsteps, I looked up. As soon as they sat down, Dad asked, “Are you okay?” “What’s the 7 ?” Dad asked. I told him I was scared. Having opened up about my fear, I felt a sense of relief and honesty took its place. “I’m sorry I let you down,” I said quietly, unable to meet his eyes. Dad smiled 8 , placing a hand on my shoulder. “Never feel bad for knowing your limits,” he said. When I heard his words, I felt like a heavy stone was 9 . That day, I learned that being brave isn’t about acting like you’re not afraid. It’s about knowing yourself and 10 it. Never say sorry for knowing what you can and can’t do. 1. A．calm B．proud C．confident D．excited 2. A．brave B．happy C．honest D．patient 3. A．bottom B．middle C．front D．back 4. A．moved B．waited C．started D．stopped 5. A．tired B．weak C．light D．relaxed 6. A．safer B．easier C．better D．luckier 7. A．matter B．reason C．accident D．difference 8. A．wisely B．softly C．shyly D．loudly 9. A．gone B．broken C．hidden D．carried 10. A．fearing B．facing C．receiving D．refusing 四、选词填空 Passage 4 请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。 especial    pollute    or    right away    break down   Thanks to plastic, life is more convenient (便利的). However, plastic is also hurting our lives. It is 1 the environment and killing humans and animals. And it takes hundreds of years for plastic 2 . What’s worse, most people haven’t realized the importance of using less plastic. People are still making, using and throwing away more plastic every day. Around nine million tons of plastic waste enters the seas every year. The amount (数量) on land and at sea continues to grow. So we need to take action 3 . We must cut our use of plastic, 4 single-use plastic. We must also recycle more, 5 we might not have a life or a world left. Passage 5 请根据短文内容从方框中选择合适的单词或短语并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺，每个单词或短语只能用一次。 decide where when write and who but until the other can One day, two friends were walking through the desert. During the journey they had a quarrel, 1 suddenly, one friend hit the other one in the face. The one who was hit was hurt, 2 he didn’t say anything. Instead, he wrote in the sand, “Today my best friend hit me in the face.” They kept on walking 3 they found an oasis (绿洲). They 4 to get some water. The one who had been hit fell into the mire (泥潭) and was in danger, but the friend saved him. 5 he felt all right, he 6 on a stone, “Today my best friend saved my life.” The one 7 had hit and saved his best friend asked him. “After I hurt you, you wrote in the sand, and now you write it on a stone, why?” 8 friend replied, “When someone hurts us, we should write it down in sand where winds of forgiveness (宽恕) 9 blow it away. But when someone does something good for us, we must write it on stone 10 no wind can ever blow it away.” Passage 6 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每词或短语限用一次。 enough, by, kill, call, recent I have been reading Charlotte’s Web by E.B．White. In this book, Fern lives on a farm. At the start of the book, a piglet (猪崽) has 1 been born. He is very small. Fern’s father thinks it can’t survive and wants to kill him. But Fern saves the piglet. She calls him Wilbur and feeds him milk. When he is big 2 , Wilbur goes to live in a barn (谷仓) that belongs to Fern’s uncle. In the barn, Wilbur has a friend 3 Charlotte. She is a spider (蜘蛛). Wilbur finds out that Fern’s uncle 4 him for meat. Wilbur asks Charlotte for help. Charlotte helps 5 writing messages praising Wilbur in her web so that people will think Wilbur is a special pig. also, character, go, excite, but My favourite part of the book is when Wilbur goes to the fair. The family go to the fair too. They have helped Wilbur to get ready for a competition, but now they have 6 home. Wilbur is nervous and Charlotte is working on a new web. This is an 7 part of the book. One of the best 8 is Templeton, the rat. He is funny. I 9 like the geese. I think the writer makes them seem real. I really enjoy reading this book. It is a nice story, 10 the end is a bit sad. Philip Reed, Aged 11 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $