专题5 动词&基本句型-1-【优秀生培养计划-巩固与提升】2025-2026学年 译林版英语八年级上册寒假作业 快人一步系列

优秀生培养计划 专题-5 动词&基本句型-1（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、行为动词与基本句型（S+V/S+V+O） 用法介绍 行为动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，分别构成 “主谓”（S+V）和 “主谓宾”（S+V+O）句型。不及物动词意义完整，无需接宾语；及物动词意义不完整，必须接宾语才能表达完整意思。 动词类型 句型结构 示例 不及物动词 主语 + 不及物动词（S+V） The sun rises.（太阳升起。） They laughed loudly.（他们大声笑。） 及物动词 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语（S+V+O） She reads books.（她读书。） We visited the museum.（我们参观了博物馆。） 注意事项 1. 不及物动词不可直接接宾语：若需接宾语，需加介词（如错误：He arrived Beijing. 正确：He arrived in Beijing.（arrive 是不及物动词，加介词 in 后接宾语））。 2. 及物动词必须接宾语：否则句子意义不完整（如错误：She likes. 正确：She likes music.）。 二、连系动词与基本句型（S+V+P） 用法介绍 连系动词本身有词义，但意义不完整，需接表语（名词、形容词等）构成 “主系表”（S+V+P）句型，表主语的身份、状态或特征。 连系动词类型 常见动词 示例 be 动词 am, is, are, was, were He is a student.（他是一名学生。） They were happy.（他们很高兴。） 感官动词 look, sound, feel, smell, taste The flower smells sweet.（这花闻起来很香。） Her voice sounds nice.（她的声音听起来很好听。） 表 “变化” 的动词 become, get, turn, grow He became a doctor.（他成了一名医生。） The leaves turn yellow.（树叶变黄了。） 表 “保持” 的动词 keep, stay, remain She keeps healthy.（她保持健康。） He remained silent.（他保持沉默。） 注意事项 1. 表语不可用副词：连系动词后接形容词作表语，不可接副词（如错误：He looks happily. 正确：He looks happy.）。 2. 部分连系动词的多义性：有些动词既是连系动词也是实义动词，需根据语境判断（如 “look” 作连系动词表 “看起来”：She looks tired.；作实义动词表 “看”：She looks at the picture.）。 三、易混淆动词用法补充 用法介绍 部分行为动词和连系动词易混淆，需通过句型和意义区分： 动词 词性及用法 示例 rise 不及物动词（表 “上升”） The river rises in spring.（春天河水上涨。） raise 及物动词（表 “举起、提高”） He raised his hand.（他举起了手。） feel 连系动词（表 “感觉”） I feel cold.（我觉得冷。） 实义动词（表 “触摸”）：She felt the cloth.（她摸了摸布料。） 注意事项 区分不及物动词和及物动词的关键：是否能直接接宾语（如 rise 无宾语，raise 必须有宾语）。 连系动词后的表语需与主语特征一致（如描述天气用 “it” 作主语：It looks rainy.（天看起来要下雨。））。 一、单项选择 1．All my new friends ________ clever and kind. A．am B．is C．are D．be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我所有的新朋友都聪明善良。 考查主谓一致。主语friends是复数形式，谓语动词该用复数形式。故选C。 2．— I want to help sick people. I’m going to be a doctor in the future. — That ________ like a good idea. A．will sound B．sounds C．will look D．looks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我想帮助病人。在未来我要成为一名医生。——那听起来像个好主意。本题考查系动词。sound 听起来；look看起来，现在听起来是个好主意，用一般现在时即可，故选B。 3．—________ your sister a doctor? —No, but my cousin ________ in a hospital. A．Does; work B．Is; works C．Are; work D．Do; works 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的妹妹是一名医生吗？——不，但是我的表妹在医院工作。 考查动词以及动词时态。第一个句子是主系表结构，主语your sister是单数形式，be动词用is。第二个句子是一般现在时，主语my cousin是单数形式，动词用三单形式，故选B。 4．—________ your classmate Lily in the Reading Club, Lucy? —Yes. She loves reading storybooks a lot. A．Do B．Does C．Are D．Is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Lucy，你的同学Lily在阅读俱乐部吗？——是的。她非常喜欢读故事书。 考查be动词的用法，be in表示“在”某地，主语“your classmate Lily”是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故选D。 5．What is the sentence structure of “The heavy snow is falling on the ground.”? A．S+V+P. B．S+V+O. C．S+V+O+O. D．S+V. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大雪正落向地面。 考查句子结构。本句主语为“The heavy snow”，谓语动词为“is falling”，其中“on the ground”为地点状语，修饰动词，不属于基本结构，无宾语O或表语P。因此，句子结构是S+V。故选D。 6．—________ everyone here? — Yes, we each ________ ready to help the old clean their rooms. A．Does; are B．Is; are C．Are; is D．Is; is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大家都到了吗？——是的，我们每个人都已准备好帮助老人打扫房间。 考查be动词和主谓一致。第一个句子为一般疑问句，主语everyone作单数，故用be动词is；第二个句子的主语为we，each作副词状语，故用be动词are。故选B。 7．What is the sentence structure of “Ice cream tastes nice”? A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“Ice cream tastes nice”这个句子的结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V主+谓；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+O+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据句子分析，Ice cream作主语；tastes作谓语；nice作表语。因此此处是主系表结构。故选C。 8．What is the structure of the sentence “The flowers in the garden look really fresh and nice.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：句子“The flowers in the garden look really fresh and nice.”的结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。句子中，“The flowers in the garden”是主语（S），“look”是系动词（V），后接形容词短语“really fresh and nice”作表语（P），描述主语状态，因此结构为S+V+P。故选D。 9．The music you’re listening to sounds ________. It ________ one of TikTok’s hot music. A．good; sounds B．good; sounds like C．well; sounds D．well; sounds like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你正在听的音乐听起来不错，听起来像抖音的热门音乐之一。 考查形容词和感官动词用法。good好的，形容词；well好，副词；sound听起来，是系动词，后面接形容词；sounds like听起来像，like是介词，后面需要接名词，代词或动名词作宾语。根据第一空前的“sounds”可知空处填形容词，排除选项C和D；根据第二空后的“one of TikTok’s hot music”可知是名词，空处应填sounds like，排除选项A。故选B。 10．—Excuse me, you Miss Zhao? —Yes, I am. A．are B．am C．is D．do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你是赵女士吗？——是的，我是。 考查主谓一致。根据回答，可知本句是一般疑问句，主语是you，be动词用are。故选A。 11．Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.（找出谓语动词的中心词） A．Tom B．didn't C．do D．his homework 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆昨天没有做作业。谓语中心词是指谓语中真正起谓语作用的动词，一般是be动词，系动词，实意动词，本句中didn’t是构成否定句的助动词，修饰动词do，故do是真正的谓语，即“谓语中心词”。故选C。 12．— Listen! Who _________ in the music room? — It must be Lily. She enjoys singing when she _________ free. A．sings；has B．sings；is C．is singing；has D．is singing；is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——听！谁在音乐室里唱歌？   ——一定是莉莉。她喜欢在空闲的时候唱歌。 考查现在进行时和be动词。以Look!或Listen!开头的句子，表示说话时动作正在进行，句子应用现在进行时“be +现在分词”结构，A、B选项可排除。第二个空格后面是形容词free，故应填入be动词构成系表结构，C选项排除，故选D。 13．The girl ________ long black hair ________ my cousin. A．has; is B．wears; is C．with; be D．with; is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那个长着黑色长发的女孩是我的表妹。 考查介词用法和主谓一致。has有，动词；wears穿戴，动词；with和，介词。分析句子可知，本句是简单句，只有一个谓语动词，可排除AB选项。with long black hair“有黑色长发”，主语“The girl”是单数，be动词用is。故选D。 14．The library__________ at 2 every afternoon, so I think it __________now. A．opens; opens B．opens; is open C．is open; opens D．is open; open 【答案】B 【详解】句意：图书馆每天下午2点开放，所以我认为现在是开放的。前一个句子强调的是开门时间，需要用动词open，根据every afternoon判断，句子的时态为一般现在时，主语The library是第三人称单数，动词要用三单形式opens，排除C,D；第二个空格应该用open的形容词形式表示状态，与系动词be构成系表结构，故答案选B。 15．Which of the following sentences is the structure S+V+O? A．The zebra is eating. B．The house is so beautiful. C．The dolphin swims. D．The eagle catches a mouse. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是“S+V+O”结构？ 考查基本句型。分析四个选项可知，A项的句子结构为“S+V”；B项的句子结构为“S+V+P”；C项的句子结构为“S+V”；D项的句子结构为“S+V+O”。故选D。 二、完成句子 16．Tom and I are classmates. (改成一般疑问句，并作出肯定回答） and classmates? Yes, . 【答案】 Are you Tom we are 【详解】句意：Tom和我是同班同学。根据句子中含有be动词are可知，变一般疑问句时把be动词are提前，把主语I变成第二人称you，单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，所以疑问句的主语用you and Tom，肯定回答用Yes，主语+be动词，主语是you and Tom，应用we代指，be动词用are，故填Are；you；Tom；we；are。 17．我和表妹是学校阅读俱乐部的成员。 My cousin and I the school Reading Club. 【答案】 are members of 【详解】根据汉英对照可知，本题考查be members of“……的成员”。因为句子的主语（My cousin and I）是复数，故be动词用are。故填are；members；of。 18．The teachers in this school are very kind.(对划线部分提问) the teachers in this school? 【答案】 How are 【详解】句意：这个学校的老师非常和蔼友善。划线部分为描述人的品行的形容词，故应使用特殊疑问词How提问，句前使用特殊疑问词，故其后加一般疑问句才可构成特殊疑问句，故将be动词are提到主语前，所以答案为How are。 19．She has short hair. (改为同义句) hair short. 【答案】 Her is 【详解】句意：她有短头发。“她有短头发”的意思是“她的头发是短的”；“She”的形容词性物主代词是“her 她的”，“是”用be动词表示，由于“hair”是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填Her；is。 20．我来这儿的路上迷路了，不得不找警察帮忙。 I got lost on my way here and had to the police . 【答案】 ask for help 【详解】分析题干可知要翻译的中文是“找……帮忙”，对应的英文表达是ask...for help。“had to”后接动词原形，故填ask；for help。 21．这种牛奶喝起来很新鲜。 This kind of milk very . 【答案】 tastes fresh 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“喝起来”和“新鲜”。此处用系动词taste表示“喝起来”，结合语境可知，应用一般现在时，主语“This kind of milk”表示单数，所以第一空应填taste的第三人称单数形式tastes；形容词fresh意为“新鲜的”，在句中作表语。故填tastes；fresh。 22．她的妹妹很善良，因为她愿意随时帮助别人。   Her sister is very kind because she to help others anytime. 【答案】 is willing 【详解】be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”，时态为一般现在时，主语为“she”，故be动词用is。故填is；willing。 23．荟聚购物中心里有各种各样的店铺。 There shops in the LIVAT Shopping Center. 【答案】 are all kinds of 【详解】短语all kinds of...“各种各样的……”，根据主语是shops是复数形式，谓语动词be用复数形式。根据语境是一般现在时态，be动词用are，故填are; all; kinds; of。 24．Sandy has long hair. (改为同义句) Sandy’s hair . 【答案】 is long 【详解】句意：Sandy有着长发。“Sandy有着长发”可以和“Sandy的头发是长的”进行转换，主语“Sandy’s hair”是单数，be动词用is，形容词long“长的”，故填is；long。 25．我们能在金坛图书馆借各种各样的书。 We can       of books Jintan Library. 【答案】 borrow all kinds from 【详解】分析所给中文可知要翻译的是“借各种各样的……”。分析所给英文可知此处“借”对应的是“borrow”，其用法是“borrow...from”，表示“从……处借”；“各种各样的”对应的英文是“all kinds of”。故填borrow；all；kinds；from。 26．这条裙子穿在她身上很好看。 The skirt her. 【答案】 looks very good on 【详解】“穿在某人身上很好看”可用动词短语look very good on sb.，其中look为感官动词，形容词good作表语。结合语境可知该句应采用一般现在时，主语“The skirt”为第三人称单数，因此动词look应用其三单形式looks。故填looks；very；good；on。 27．Li Shishi is my classmate. (改为同义句) Li Shishi and I class. 【答案】 are in the same 【详解】句意：李诗诗是我的同学。改为同义句，也可以说“李诗诗和我在同一个班”，主语表复数，be动词用are，用短语in the same class表示“在同一个班”。故填are；in；the；same。 28．这条围巾摸起来柔软又顺滑。 This scarf and smooth. 【答案】 feels soft 【详解】摸起来用感官系动词feel表示，其后接形容词soft作表语，表示柔软。主语This scarf为单数并且此处在描述一般事实，所以动词应用一般现在时且用三单形式。故填feels；soft。 29．The man wears glasses. He is my history teacher. (合并为一句) The man glasses my history teacher. 【答案】 with/wearing is 【详解】句意：那个人戴眼镜，他是我的历史老师。两个句子合并为一句，根据所给提示可知，合并后句意为“那个戴眼镜的男人是我的历史老师”；根据“glasses”可知，第一个空处缺少with，介词短语“with glasses”作定语，或现在分词wearing，wearing glasses作后置定语；第二个空处缺少系动词，主语为第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，系动词用is。故填with/wearing；is。 30．这顿饭为我整个下午和稍后的排球运动提供能量。 This meal the whole afternoon and for later. 【答案】gives me energy；playing volleyball 【详解】通过对比中英文句子可知，第一空表示“give me energy给我能量”；第二空表示“play volleyball排球运动”。题干主语是单数名词，则谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；for 是介词，则其后的动词要用-ing形式。故填gives me energy ；playing volleyball。 三、阅读理解 A Have you ever bought books online? Here is some information about four new books on Amazon.com. Books Date of sale Writer Price Books Date of sale Writer Price One Christmas in Paris Oct. 5,2022 Mandy Baggot $10.99 (paperback) (平装书) Find Her Oct. 18,2022 Lisa Gardner $7.48(paperback) $18.88 (hardcover) (精装书) One More Day Feb. 2,2022 Kelly Simmons $9.74(paperback) $30.13(hardcover) The Girl Who Lied Nov. 17,2022 Sue Fortin $4.79(paperback) 1. When was Mandy Baggot’s book on sale? A．On Feb.2, 2022. B．On Oct.5, 2022. C．On Oct.18, 2022. D．On Nov.17, 2022. 2. The price of Lisa Gardner’s hardcover book is ______. A．$9.74 B．$4.79 C．$7.48 D．$18.88 3. Which is NOT true about the four books? A．Find her was on sale on Oct.18, 2022. B．We can buy Sue Fortin’s book on Nov.17, 2022. C．Kelly Simmons’s hardcover book is the most expensive of the four. D．If we buy ten copies of Lisa Gardner’s paperback book, we must pay $78.40. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了亚马逊网站上四本新书的销售日期、作者和价格等信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章中“One Christmas in Paris”对应的“Date of sale: Oct. 5, 2022；Writer: Mandy Baggot”可知，Mandy Baggot的书在2022年10月5日开售。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章中“Find Her”对应的“Writer: Lisa Gardner；Price: $18.88 (hardcover)”可知，Lisa Gardner的精装书价格是18.88美元。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章中“Find Her”对应的“Price: $7.48 (paperback)”，如果买十本Lisa Gardner的平装书，需支付7.48×10 = 74.8美元，并非78.40美元，所以选项D错误。故选D。 B As humans set their sights on deep space exploration (探索), the moon becomes a stepping stone, with countries hoping to build lunar bases (月球基地) to support such missions (使命). To solve the “lunch” problem, scientists have been exploring the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study by Chinese scientists has found that bacteria (细菌) in the soil from the Earth could offer an answer. Researchers from China Agricultural University tested five species of bacteria on a material that simulated (模拟) lunar soil. Within a period of 10 to 21 days, three of the bacteria species had doubled their amount of phosphorus (磷) content, a key element for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with these three bacteria species. They noticed that the plants had longer stems and roots (根茎) after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of chlorophyll-responsible for harvesting energy from light-in the model plants were about twice as much as that of those grown without bacteria. “The study results are very important for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher said. The Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their follow-up research, they hope to experiment (试验) with real lunar soil and grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes. Since the time of space missions is increasing, carrying all food supplies to space becomes unsustainable. So, “space planting” becomes very important. During the Shenzhou XI mission, astronauts managed to grow lettuce, from sowing to harvest. In the later missions, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice, and cherry tomatoes. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. 1. What’s the third paragraph mainly about? A．The test of five species of bacteria. B．The ways to make plants become stronger. C．The simulated lunar soil and the model plants D．The researchers’ experiment and their findings. 2. What’s the writer’s attitude towards growing plants in space? A．hopeless B．worried C．unsure D．supportive 3. What does the underlined word “unsustainable” mean in the passage? A．Unable to continue in the same way. B．Difficult to grow plants in real lunar soil. C．Possible for astronauts to live long in space. D．Dangerous for humans to travel to other planets. 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Deep Space Exploration B．The New Study on “Space Gardens” C．The Achievements of “Space Farmers” D．The Bacteria Species in the Soil 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家通过实验发现地球土壤中的细菌可以促进月球土壤中植物的生长，为未来月球长期驻留提供食物来源的可能性。 1. 主旨大意题。根据“Researchers from China Agricultural University tested five species of bacteria on a material that simulated (模拟) lunar soil. Within a period of 10 to 21 days, three of the bacteria species had doubled their amount of phosphorus (磷) content, a key element for plant growth.”可知，第三段主要描述了中国农业大学研究人员在模拟月球土壤中进行细菌实验的具体过程和发现。故选D。 2. 观点态度题。根据全文内容特别是最后两段对space gardens成果的描述，可以看出作者对太空种植持积极态度。故选D。 3. 词句推测题。根据“carrying all food supplies to space becomes unsustainable”的上下文可知，随着太空任务时间延长，携带全部食物补给变得难以为继。故选A。 4. 最佳标题题。全文核心内容是科学家通过细菌改良月球土壤实现太空种植的新研究，B选项最全面概括了这一主题。故选B。 C The days pass. Dorothy works very hard in the kitchen. She remembers Uncle Henry and Aunt Em in Kansas. She remembers her friends, the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman. She’s very sad and she often cries. At night she goes to see the Lion. The Witch (女巫) doesn’t give him anything to eat or drink, so Dorothy takes him food and water from the kitchen. Then she lies down next to him, puts her head on his warm body and sleeps until the morning. The Witch watches Dorothy all the time. She’s waiting for the right moment to take the silver shoes. Dorothy wears them all the time. She loves them. The only time she takes them off is when she has a bath. The Witch doesn’t like water, so she’s afraid to go near the girl when she’s in the bath. One day Dorothy is cleaning the kitchen and she slips on the wet floor. She falls over and one of the silver shoes comes off. The Witch picks it up quickly and puts it on. “Give me back my shoe!” Dorothy says. “No! It’s my shoe now,” the Witch replies. “You are a bad woman!” Dorothy shouts. “I want my shoe!” There’s a bucket of water near the door. The girl picks it up and throws the water over the Witch. “Aargh!” The Witch cries. “Water is the end of me!” And she starts to disappear in front of Dorothy’s eyes. In another minute there’s just a lot of water on the kitchen floor. Dorothy quickly takes her shoe, puts it on again and runs outside. “The Witch is dead!” she shouts. The Winkies look at her in surprise. They are also the Witch’s slaves. “We’re all free now!” she says to them. They start cheering and shouting, “The bad Witch is dead! We’re free! Thank you. Dorothy!” Dorothy goes to the Lion and takes the rope off his neck. He’s very happy to be free again.     —The Wonderful Wizard of OZ 1. What does the Witch want from Dorothy? A．Her silver shoes. B．The food and water. C．The kitchen. D．Her friends. 2. This chart shows what Dorothy does in order. Which is the missing part? Give the lion food and drink → Slip on the wet floor →? → Set the Lion free happily A．Take off her silver shoes. B．Clean the kitchen carefully. C．Clap and cheer for freedom. D．Throw the water over the Witch. 3. What does the underlined word “slaves” in the passage mean? A．People who live a rich and happy life. B．People who travel around the world freely. C．People who have a lot of power and control. D．People who are forced to work for others without freedom. 4. What is Dorothy like? A．Brave and friendly. B．Hard-working and shy. C．Generous but sad. D．Lucky but unhappy 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文节选自《绿野仙踪》，是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了多萝西在女巫的控制下艰难生活，不仅暗中照顾被囚禁的狮子，还在女巫抢夺自己银鞋时，意外用水消灭女巫，最终解救自己、狮子以及女巫的奴隶们的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据“She’s waiting for the right moment to take the silver shoes.”可知，女巫一直等待时机，想要得到多萝西的银鞋。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。通读原文“She falls over and one of the silver shoes comes off....There’s a bucket of water near the door. The girl picks it up and throws the water over the Witch....Dorothy goes to the Lion and takes the rope off his neck.”可知，多萝西滑倒后，接下来是应该把水泼向女巫，然后解救了狮子。故选D。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“We’re all free now!”可推断，“slaves”指的是之前没有自由、受女巫控制的人。结合选项，选项D“People who are forced to work for others without freedom”表示“被迫为他人工作且没有自由的人”符合词义。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。通读原文可知，多萝西勇敢地用水泼女巫，还解救狮子、帮助温基人，体现出勇敢；她对狮子友好，给他食物和水，体现出友好，所以多萝西是勇敢且友好的。故选A。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项 (A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My dad works for an aid (救助) organization. He and his workmates give 1 aid to the hungry people in the poor areas. Last weekend, I went with him to one of his daily tasks. I was there simply to hand people a leaflet. The job was 2 and I wasn’t having fun. Then I saw a girl doing the same work as I did, but she was 3 all the time. She walked up to people and asked them whether they needed help, instead of waiting for people to find her. Just then, a toothless man came over, head down and shoulders bowed. His clothes were old, dirty and broken. I saw the girl talking 4 to the man, “Morning, sir! Is there something I can help you with?” SIR? SIR! She spoke to the old man as if (好像) he was 5 . Was I hearing her correctly? Why would she treat a poor man from the street 6 a captain (上校) in the army? She showed love. She 7 the old man and wanted him to feel loved. And she showed respect. When she called him “Sir”, he raised his head and I saw the shocked expression on his face. After seeing what she did, I knew I could do my job 8 . A little boy walked over to me and I smiled at him because I knew what he needed and wanted. It gave me 9 that can only be felt when you do something right. Taking time to show care and love has made a 10 in my character. Holding the key, I open every room to let the sunshine flow in. 1. A．food B．safety C．medical D．education 2. A．boring B．exciting C．relaxing D．surprising 3. A．singing B．smiling C．shouting D．thinking 4. A．proudly B．seriously C．politely D．carelessly 5. A．funny B．lonely C．interesting D．important 6. A．like B．for C．with D．about 7. A．looked for B．cared about C．agreed with D．thought of 8. A．louder B．better C．sooner D．quicker 9. A．trust B．success C．pleasure D．interest 10. A．wish B．mistake C．decision D．difference 【答案】 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. D 【导语】本文讲述了作者在一次志愿活动中遇到一个热情服务他人的小女孩，作者被她的善良举动感动，从而反思自己的行为。 1. 句意：他和他的同事们给贫困地区饥饿的人们提供粮食援助。 food食物；safety安全；medical医学的，医疗的；education教育。根据“hungry people”可知，他们给饥饿的人们提供粮食援助。故选A。 2. 句意：这个工作很枯燥，我一点都不开心。 boring枯燥的；exciting刺激的；relaxing放松的；surprising令人吃惊的。根据“I wasn’t having fun.”可知，这个工作很枯燥。故选A。 3. 句意：然后我看到一个女孩做着和我一样的工作，但是她一直在微笑。 singing唱歌；smiling微笑；shouting大叫；thinking思考。根据“Then I saw a girl doing the same work as I did”以及转折连词but可知，这个女孩的心情与我的不开心相反，她是开心的，面带微笑做事。故选B。 4. 句意：我看见这个女孩很有礼貌的和那个男人说话。 proudly自豪地；seriously严重地，严肃地；politely礼貌地；carelessly粗心地。根据“Morning, sir!”可知，女孩很有礼貌地和那个男人说话。故选C。 5. 句意：她对那位老人说话，好像他是个重要人物似的。 funny滑稽的；lonely孤独的；interesting有趣的；important重要的。根据后文“a captain in the army”可知，她把这个男人看成一个重要的人物。故选D。 6. 句意：她为什么要把一个街上的穷人像军队的上尉一样对待？ like像；for为了；with和；about关于。根据“a captain in the army”可知，女孩把一个街上的穷人像军队的上尉一样对待。treat sb. like...“对待某人像……一样”是固定搭配。故选A。 7. 句意：她关心老人，想让他感受到爱。 looked for寻找；cared about关心；agreed with同意；thought of想到。根据“wanted him to feel loved”可知，她关心老人。故选B。 8. 句意：看到她所做的，我知道我可以做得更好。 louder大声；better更好；sooner更早；quicker更快。根据“A little boy walked over to me and I smiled at him because I knew what he needed and wanted.”可知，作者受到女孩的影响，做得更好了。故选B。 9. 句意：它带给我的是只有当你做了正确的事才会感受到的快乐。 trust信任，信赖；success成功；pleasure快乐；interest兴趣。根据“that can only be felt when you do something right”可知，做正确的事情会感到快乐。故选C。 10. 句意：花时间来表达关心和爱已经影响了我的性格。 wish愿望；mistake错误；decision决定；difference差别。make a difference“有影响，起作用”，固定搭配。故选D。 Passage 2 William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a 1 with no electricity. They had no phones, no TVs, and even no lights at night. The farmers grew crops on the farms. William was really interested in machines. He would take them apart and put them back together. He liked to find out how they 2 . William wanted to go to high school. But his parents didn’t have enough money. William couldn’t speak or read English very well, but he liked 3 . William was at the library one day when he saw windmills on a cover. He knew that a windmill used wind to make electricity. It gave William an idea. “That’s 4 !” There was a lot of wind there. He would build a windmill. William used a dictionary to work out the words he did not know. He followed the tips. He didn’t have the tools he 5 . So he made them. Some kids laughed at him and said he was 6 ! But that didn’t stop William. William and his friends found plastic pipes and a broken bicycle. They found an old generator (发电机), too. William worked day and night. 7 , the wind caught the blades (叶片). The blades spun faster and faster. Then the bicycle light that he had put in came 8 . People’s laughing changed to 9 . William made it! Born into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and the windmills he made 10 the lives of the people around him. He kept learning and lit up the whole world. 1. A．city B．village C．capital D．block 2. A．looked B．worked C．started D．opened 3. A．books B．covers C．tips D．words 4. A．important B．amazing C．unusual D．expensive 5. A．needed B．collected C．borrowed D．used 6. A．close B．crazy C．cool D．calm 7. A．Luckily B．Certainly C．Suddenly D．Finally 8. A．up B．on C．down D．off 9. A．playing B．flying C．crying D．cheering 10. A．tried B．protected C．improved D．enjoyed 【答案】 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了威廉出生在非洲一个贫穷的家庭，家里没有电，他通过自己的努力，用收集来的材料制作风车，利用风车发电，不仅给家里带来了光明，还为村庄建造了风车，让整个村庄都有了电的故事。 1. 句意：他家住在一个没有电的村子里。 city城市；village村庄；capital首都；block街区。根据“William grew up in a poor family in Africa.”及“no electricity”可推知，他住在一个贫穷的村落里。故选B。 2. 句意：他喜欢了解它们是如何工作的。 looked看；worked工作；started开始；opened打开。根据“William was really interested in machines. He would take them apart and put them back together.”可知，此处是指他喜欢看这些机器是如何运行的。故选B。 3. 句意：威廉不能很好地说或读英语，但他喜欢书。 books书籍；covers封面；tips建议；words词。根据“William was at the library one day when he saw windmills on a cover.”可知，他在图书馆看书，由此推知他喜欢看书。故选A。 4. 句意：太神奇了！ important重要的；amazing令人惊叹的；unusual不同寻常的；expensive昂贵的。根据“It gave William an idea...There was a lot of wind there. He would build a windmill.”可知，他想到了一个奇特的想法，由此推知，此处是指他觉得这令人惊叹。故选B。 5. 句意：他没有他需要的工具。 needed需要；collected收集；borrowed借来；used使用。根据“So he made them.”可知，此处是指他手边没有自己需要的工具。故选A。 6. 句意：一些孩子嘲笑他，说他疯了。 close亲密的；crazy疯狂的；cool酷的；calm平静的。根据“Some kids laughed at him...”可知，此处是指其他孩子应该是嘲笑他，觉得他很疯狂。故选B。 7. 句意：最后，风抓住了叶片。 Luckily幸运的是；Certainly无疑地；Suddenly突然地；Finally最终。根据“William worked day and night...., the wind caught the blades (叶片).”此处是指事情发展的过程。最终他成功了。故选D。 8. 句意：然后他装上的自行车灯亮了。 up向上；on开着，在工作中；down向下；off关着。根据“William made it!”可推知，此处是指他装在自行车上的灯亮了。故选B。 9. 句意：人们的嘲笑声变成了欢呼声。 playing玩耍；flying飞翔；crying哭泣；cheering欢呼，喝彩。根据“William made it!”可知，此处是指人们看到威廉成功后从之前的嘲笑变为了欢呼。故选D。 10. 句意：出生贫困的威廉在困难面前没有放弃，他制造的风车改善了他周围人的生活。 tried努力；protected保护；improved改善；enjoyed喜欢。根据“...William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties...”可知，此处是指威廉在困难面前没有放弃，最终制作的风车改善了周围人的生活。故选C。 Passage 3 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Three years ago, I received an invitation asking me to attend a meeting in Orlando, where the famous Disneyland was located. So I started for Orlando. On arriving in Sunshine State, I took a 1 to the hotel where the meeting was held and checked in. The next morning, I took another taxi to do some shopping. The cost of taking taxis was so 2 that I regretted I hadn’t borrowed a car at first. Later, I went to a cafe to have lunch. However, it was so busy that I couldn’t find an empty seat. Just 3 I was wondering whether to leave, a friendly voice came from 4 “You can share my table”. I turned around and found an old lady smiling at me. With many thanks, I sat down and we had a happy lunch together. Near the end of the meal the lady asked me why I came here and 5 I would stay. I couldn’t help complaining that I wouldn’t stay long. 6 I couldn’t afford to travel by taxi. “You 7 take a taxi any more.” she said kindly, “You see, I just happened to retire from my work. Now I’m free all day. I’d be pleased to drive you anywhere you want to go.” Feeling surprised and 8 , I said “Thanks, madam, but that would be much 9 to you.” But she insisted and I accepted her kindness at last. The next morning, the kind lady turned up at the hotel and then took me to the Disneyland before she left. At the end of the day, she returned to take me back to the hotel again. Before I got off, I offered her some money but she just 10 . Thanks to her kindness, I had a wonderful holiday in Florida. And that sweet memory will be kept in my mind for long! 1. A．bus B．taxi C．underground D．walk 2. A．low B．much C．little D．high 3. A．before B．after C．as D．since 4. A．behind B．front C．beside D．inside 5. A．how often B．how soon C．how long D．how far 6. A．though B．but C．unless D．because 7. A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 8. A．doubted B．sad C．happy D．bored 9. A．happiness B．kindness C．trouble D．worry 10. A．agreed B．refused C．took D．remembered 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. B 【导语】本文讲述作者在奥兰多因打车费用高昂而困扰时，偶遇一位退休女士主动提供帮助的暖心故事。 1. 句意：一抵达阳光之州（佛罗里达州的别称），我就乘出租车去会议举办地的酒店办理了入住。 bus公共汽车；taxi出租车；underground地铁；walk步行。根据后文“The cost of taking taxis was so…”可知作者全程使用出租车。故选B。 2. 句意：打车的费用太高了，我后悔一开始没借辆车。 low低的；much许多；little小的；high高的。根据“The cost of taking taxis was so ... that I regretted I hadn’t borrowed a car at first.”可知，结合后文提到“后悔没借车”，说明费用高昂。high符合语境。故选D。 3. 句意：正当我犹豫要不要离开时，一个友善的声音从身后传来：“你可以和我拼桌呀。” before在……之前；after在……之后；as当……时；since自从。根据“Just ... I was wondering whether to leave, a friendly voice came from ...‘You can share my table’”可知，“as”表示两动作同时发生，符合“犹豫时听到声音”的逻辑。故选C。 4. 句意：正当我犹豫要不要离开时，一个友善的声音从身后传来：“你可以和我拼桌呀。” behind在……后面；front前面；beside在……旁边；inside在……里面。根据“Just ... I was wondering whether to leave, a friendly voice came from ... ‘You can share my table’”可知，结合后文“I turned around”说明声音来自身后。故选A。 5. 句意：快吃完时，女士问我来这儿的缘由，还问我会待多久。 how often多久一次；how soon多久以后；how long多长时间；how far多远。根据后文“I wouldn’t stay long”可知询问停留时长。故选C。 6. 句意：因为我坐不起出租车。 though虽然；but但是；unless除非；because因为。根据“... I couldn’t afford to travel by taxi.”可知，前后为因果关系，解释抱怨原因。故选D。 7. 句意：“你不必再坐出租车啦，” 她亲切地说，“你看，我刚退休，现在整天都有空。你想去哪儿，我很乐意开车送你。” shouldn’t不应该；can’t 不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止。根据“You ... take a taxi any more.”可知，女士主动提供帮助，意为“不必”打车。故选C。 8. 句意：又惊又开心的我说道：“谢谢您，女士，可这会给您添不少麻烦呢。” doubted怀疑；sad难过的；happy快乐的；bored厌倦的。根据“Feeling surprised and ... I said ‘Thanks, madam, but that would be much ... to you.’”可知，女士帮忙解决交通难题，作者应是“开心的”，“happy”符合。故选C。 9. 句意：又惊又开心的我说道：“谢谢您，女士，可这会给您添不少麻烦呢。” happiness幸福；kindness仁慈；trouble麻烦；worry担心。根据“Feeling surprised and ... I said ‘Thanks, madam, but that would be much ... to you.’”可知，作者认为让对方驾车是添麻烦。故选C。 10. 句意：我下车前想给她钱，可她直接拒绝了。 agreed同意；refused拒绝；took拿；remembered记得。根据“Before I got off, I offered her some money but she just ...”可知，结合女士的善良，她会“拒绝”收钱，“refused”符合。故选B。 9 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $优秀生培养计划 专题-5 动词&基本句型-1（新教材译林版） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 能力专项培优 解题综合提升 一、行为动词与基本句型（S+V/S+V+O） 用法介绍 行为动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，分别构成 “主谓”（S+V）和 “主谓宾”（S+V+O）句型。不及物动词意义完整，无需接宾语；及物动词意义不完整，必须接宾语才能表达完整意思。 动词类型 句型结构 示例 不及物动词 主语 + 不及物动词（S+V） The sun rises.（太阳升起。） They laughed loudly.（他们大声笑。） 及物动词 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语（S+V+O） She reads books.（她读书。） We visited the museum.（我们参观了博物馆。） 注意事项 1. 不及物动词不可直接接宾语：若需接宾语，需加介词（如错误：He arrived Beijing. 正确：He arrived in Beijing.（arrive 是不及物动词，加介词 in 后接宾语））。 2. 及物动词必须接宾语：否则句子意义不完整（如错误：She likes. 正确：She likes music.）。 二、连系动词与基本句型（S+V+P） 用法介绍 连系动词本身有词义，但意义不完整，需接表语（名词、形容词等）构成 “主系表”（S+V+P）句型，表主语的身份、状态或特征。 连系动词类型 常见动词 示例 be 动词 am, is, are, was, were He is a student.（他是一名学生。） They were happy.（他们很高兴。） 感官动词 look, sound, feel, smell, taste The flower smells sweet.（这花闻起来很香。） Her voice sounds nice.（她的声音听起来很好听。） 表 “变化” 的动词 become, get, turn, grow He became a doctor.（他成了一名医生。） The leaves turn yellow.（树叶变黄了。） 表 “保持” 的动词 keep, stay, remain She keeps healthy.（她保持健康。） He remained silent.（他保持沉默。） 注意事项 1. 表语不可用副词：连系动词后接形容词作表语，不可接副词（如错误：He looks happily. 正确：He looks happy.）。 2. 部分连系动词的多义性：有些动词既是连系动词也是实义动词，需根据语境判断（如 “look” 作连系动词表 “看起来”：She looks tired.；作实义动词表 “看”：She looks at the picture.）。 三、易混淆动词用法补充 用法介绍 部分行为动词和连系动词易混淆，需通过句型和意义区分： 动词 词性及用法 示例 rise 不及物动词（表 “上升”） The river rises in spring.（春天河水上涨。） raise 及物动词（表 “举起、提高”） He raised his hand.（他举起了手。） feel 连系动词（表 “感觉”） I feel cold.（我觉得冷。） 实义动词（表 “触摸”）：She felt the cloth.（她摸了摸布料。） 注意事项 区分不及物动词和及物动词的关键：是否能直接接宾语（如 rise 无宾语，raise 必须有宾语）。 连系动词后的表语需与主语特征一致（如描述天气用 “it” 作主语：It looks rainy.（天看起来要下雨。））。 一、单项选择 1．All my new friends ________ clever and kind. A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．— I want to help sick people. I’m going to be a doctor in the future. — That ________ like a good idea. A．will sound B．sounds C．will look D．looks 3．—________ your sister a doctor? —No, but my cousin ________ in a hospital. A．Does; work B．Is; works C．Are; work D．Do; works 4．—________ your classmate Lily in the Reading Club, Lucy? —Yes. She loves reading storybooks a lot. A．Do B．Does C．Are D．Is 5．What is the sentence structure of “The heavy snow is falling on the ground.”? A．S+V+P. B．S+V+O. C．S+V+O+O. D．S+V. 6．—________ everyone here? — Yes, we each ________ ready to help the old clean their rooms. A．Does; are B．Is; are C．Are; is D．Is; is 7．What is the sentence structure of “Ice cream tastes nice”? A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 8．What is the structure of the sentence “The flowers in the garden look really fresh and nice.”? A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+O+O D．S+V+P 9．The music you’re listening to sounds ________. It ________ one of TikTok’s hot music. A．good; sounds B．good; sounds like C．well; sounds D．well; sounds like 10．—Excuse me, you Miss Zhao? —Yes, I am. A．are B．am C．is D．do 11．Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.（找出谓语动词的中心词） A．Tom B．didn't C．do D．his homework 12．— Listen! Who _________ in the music room? — It must be Lily. She enjoys singing when she _________ free. A．sings；has B．sings；is C．is singing；has D．is singing；is 13．The girl ________ long black hair ________ my cousin. A．has; is B．wears; is C．with; be D．with; is 14．The library__________ at 2 every afternoon, so I think it __________now. A．opens; opens B．opens; is open C．is open; opens D．is open; open 15．Which of the following sentences is the structure S+V+O? A．The zebra is eating. B．The house is so beautiful. C．The dolphin swims. D．The eagle catches a mouse. 二、完成句子 16．Tom and I are classmates. (改成一般疑问句，并作出肯定回答） and classmates? Yes, . 17．我和表妹是学校阅读俱乐部的成员。 My cousin and I the school Reading Club. 18．The teachers in this school are very kind.(对划线部分提问) the teachers in this school? 19．She has short hair. (改为同义句) hair short. 20．我来这儿的路上迷路了，不得不找警察帮忙。 I got lost on my way here and had to the police . 21．这种牛奶喝起来很新鲜。 This kind of milk very . 22．她的妹妹很善良，因为她愿意随时帮助别人。   Her sister is very kind because she to help others anytime. 23．荟聚购物中心里有各种各样的店铺。 There shops in the LIVAT Shopping Center. 24．Sandy has long hair. (改为同义句) Sandy’s hair . 25．我们能在金坛图书馆借各种各样的书。 We can       of books Jintan Library. 26．这条裙子穿在她身上很好看。 The skirt her. 27．Li Shishi is my classmate. (改为同义句) Li Shishi and I class. 28．这条围巾摸起来柔软又顺滑。 This scarf and smooth. 29．The man wears glasses. He is my history teacher. (合并为一句) The man glasses my history teacher. 30．这顿饭为我整个下午和稍后的排球运动提供能量。 This meal the whole afternoon and for later. 三、阅读理解 A Have you ever bought books online? Here is some information about four new books on Amazon.com. Books Date of sale Writer Price Books Date of sale Writer Price One Christmas in Paris Oct. 5,2022 Mandy Baggot $10.99 (paperback) (平装书) Find Her Oct. 18,2022 Lisa Gardner $7.48(paperback) $18.88 (hardcover) (精装书) One More Day Feb. 2,2022 Kelly Simmons $9.74(paperback) $30.13(hardcover) The Girl Who Lied Nov. 17,2022 Sue Fortin $4.79(paperback) 1. When was Mandy Baggot’s book on sale? A．On Feb.2, 2022. B．On Oct.5, 2022. C．On Oct.18, 2022. D．On Nov.17, 2022. 2. The price of Lisa Gardner’s hardcover book is ______. A．$9.74 B．$4.79 C．$7.48 D．$18.88 3. Which is NOT true about the four books? A．Find her was on sale on Oct.18, 2022. B．We can buy Sue Fortin’s book on Nov.17, 2022. C．Kelly Simmons’s hardcover book is the most expensive of the four. D．If we buy ten copies of Lisa Gardner’s paperback book, we must pay $78.40. B As humans set their sights on deep space exploration (探索), the moon becomes a stepping stone, with countries hoping to build lunar bases (月球基地) to support such missions (使命). To solve the “lunch” problem, scientists have been exploring the possibility of growing plants on the moon. A new study by Chinese scientists has found that bacteria (细菌) in the soil from the Earth could offer an answer. Researchers from China Agricultural University tested five species of bacteria on a material that simulated (模拟) lunar soil. Within a period of 10 to 21 days, three of the bacteria species had doubled their amount of phosphorus (磷) content, a key element for plant growth. They then grew model plants in the lunar soil with these three bacteria species. They noticed that the plants had longer stems and roots (根茎) after six days of growth compared with those grown without the bacteria. The plants also had heavier and wider leaves after 24 days of growth. Besides, levels of chlorophyll-responsible for harvesting energy from light-in the model plants were about twice as much as that of those grown without bacteria. “The study results are very important for future long-term stays on the moon,” the study’s lead researcher said. The Earth bacteria may help astronauts make better use of lunar resources, such as creating lunar greenhouses. In their follow-up research, they hope to experiment (试验) with real lunar soil and grow crops like rice, corn and potatoes. Since the time of space missions is increasing, carrying all food supplies to space becomes unsustainable. So, “space planting” becomes very important. During the Shenzhou XI mission, astronauts managed to grow lettuce, from sowing to harvest. In the later missions, the “space farmers” have successfully grown wheat, rice, and cherry tomatoes. These “space gardens” not only provide astronauts with food but also more oxygen and water. 1. What’s the third paragraph mainly about? A．The test of five species of bacteria. B．The ways to make plants become stronger. C．The simulated lunar soil and the model plants D．The researchers’ experiment and their findings. 2. What’s the writer’s attitude towards growing plants in space? A．hopeless B．worried C．unsure D．supportive 3. What does the underlined word “unsustainable” mean in the passage? A．Unable to continue in the same way. B．Difficult to grow plants in real lunar soil. C．Possible for astronauts to live long in space. D．Dangerous for humans to travel to other planets. 4. What’s the best title for the passage? A．The Deep Space Exploration B．The New Study on “Space Gardens” C．The Achievements of “Space Farmers” D．The Bacteria Species in the Soil C The days pass. Dorothy works very hard in the kitchen. She remembers Uncle Henry and Aunt Em in Kansas. She remembers her friends, the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman. She’s very sad and she often cries. At night she goes to see the Lion. The Witch (女巫) doesn’t give him anything to eat or drink, so Dorothy takes him food and water from the kitchen. Then she lies down next to him, puts her head on his warm body and sleeps until the morning. The Witch watches Dorothy all the time. She’s waiting for the right moment to take the silver shoes. Dorothy wears them all the time. She loves them. The only time she takes them off is when she has a bath. The Witch doesn’t like water, so she’s afraid to go near the girl when she’s in the bath. One day Dorothy is cleaning the kitchen and she slips on the wet floor. She falls over and one of the silver shoes comes off. The Witch picks it up quickly and puts it on. “Give me back my shoe!” Dorothy says. “No! It’s my shoe now,” the Witch replies. “You are a bad woman!” Dorothy shouts. “I want my shoe!” There’s a bucket of water near the door. The girl picks it up and throws the water over the Witch. “Aargh!” The Witch cries. “Water is the end of me!” And she starts to disappear in front of Dorothy’s eyes. In another minute there’s just a lot of water on the kitchen floor. Dorothy quickly takes her shoe, puts it on again and runs outside. “The Witch is dead!” she shouts. The Winkies look at her in surprise. They are also the Witch’s slaves. “We’re all free now!” she says to them. They start cheering and shouting, “The bad Witch is dead! We’re free! Thank you. Dorothy!” Dorothy goes to the Lion and takes the rope off his neck. He’s very happy to be free again.     —The Wonderful Wizard of OZ 1. What does the Witch want from Dorothy? A．Her silver shoes. B．The food and water. C．The kitchen. D．Her friends. 2. This chart shows what Dorothy does in order. Which is the missing part? Give the lion food and drink → Slip on the wet floor →? → Set the Lion free happily A．Take off her silver shoes. B．Clean the kitchen carefully. C．Clap and cheer for freedom. D．Throw the water over the Witch. 3. What does the underlined word “slaves” in the passage mean? A．People who live a rich and happy life. B．People who travel around the world freely. C．People who have a lot of power and control. D．People who are forced to work for others without freedom. 4. What is Dorothy like? A．Brave and friendly. B．Hard-working and shy. C．Generous but sad. D．Lucky but unhappy 四、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项 (A、B、C、D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My dad works for an aid (救助) organization. He and his workmates give 1 aid to the hungry people in the poor areas. Last weekend, I went with him to one of his daily tasks. I was there simply to hand people a leaflet. The job was 2 and I wasn’t having fun. Then I saw a girl doing the same work as I did, but she was 3 all the time. She walked up to people and asked them whether they needed help, instead of waiting for people to find her. Just then, a toothless man came over, head down and shoulders bowed. His clothes were old, dirty and broken. I saw the girl talking 4 to the man, “Morning, sir! Is there something I can help you with?” SIR? SIR! She spoke to the old man as if (好像) he was 5 . Was I hearing her correctly? Why would she treat a poor man from the street 6 a captain (上校) in the army? She showed love. She 7 the old man and wanted him to feel loved. And she showed respect. When she called him “Sir”, he raised his head and I saw the shocked expression on his face. After seeing what she did, I knew I could do my job 8 . A little boy walked over to me and I smiled at him because I knew what he needed and wanted. It gave me 9 that can only be felt when you do something right. Taking time to show care and love has made a 10 in my character. Holding the key, I open every room to let the sunshine flow in. 1. A．food B．safety C．medical D．education 2. A．boring B．exciting C．relaxing D．surprising 3. A．singing B．smiling C．shouting D．thinking 4. A．proudly B．seriously C．politely D．carelessly 5. A．funny B．lonely C．interesting D．important 6. A．like B．for C．with D．about 7. A．looked for B．cared about C．agreed with D．thought of 8. A．louder B．better C．sooner D．quicker 9. A．trust B．success C．pleasure D．interest 10. A．wish B．mistake C．decision D．difference Passage 2 William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a 1 with no electricity. They had no phones, no TVs, and even no lights at night. The farmers grew crops on the farms. William was really interested in machines. He would take them apart and put them back together. He liked to find out how they 2 . William wanted to go to high school. But his parents didn’t have enough money. William couldn’t speak or read English very well, but he liked 3 . William was at the library one day when he saw windmills on a cover. He knew that a windmill used wind to make electricity. It gave William an idea. “That’s 4 !” There was a lot of wind there. He would build a windmill. William used a dictionary to work out the words he did not know. He followed the tips. He didn’t have the tools he 5 . So he made them. Some kids laughed at him and said he was 6 ! But that didn’t stop William. William and his friends found plastic pipes and a broken bicycle. They found an old generator (发电机), too. William worked day and night. 7 , the wind caught the blades (叶片). The blades spun faster and faster. Then the bicycle light that he had put in came 8 . People’s laughing changed to 9 . William made it! Born into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties and the windmills he made 10 the lives of the people around him. He kept learning and lit up the whole world. 1. A．city B．village C．capital D．block 2. A．looked B．worked C．started D．opened 3. A．books B．covers C．tips D．words 4. A．important B．amazing C．unusual D．expensive 5. A．needed B．collected C．borrowed D．used 6. A．close B．crazy C．cool D．calm 7. A．Luckily B．Certainly C．Suddenly D．Finally 8. A．up B．on C．down D．off 9. A．playing B．flying C．crying D．cheering 10. A．tried B．protected C．improved D．enjoyed Passage 3 Three years ago, I received an invitation asking me to attend a meeting in Orlando, where the famous Disneyland was located. So I started for Orlando. On arriving in Sunshine State, I took a 1 to the hotel where the meeting was held and checked in. The next morning, I took another taxi to do some shopping. The cost of taking taxis was so 2 that I regretted I hadn’t borrowed a car at first. Later, I went to a cafe to have lunch. However, it was so busy that I couldn’t find an empty seat. Just 3 I was wondering whether to leave, a friendly voice came from 4 “You can share my table”. I turned around and found an old lady smiling at me. With many thanks, I sat down and we had a happy lunch together. Near the end of the meal the lady asked me why I came here and 5 I would stay. I couldn’t help complaining that I wouldn’t stay long. 6 I couldn’t afford to travel by taxi. “You 7 take a taxi any more.” she said kindly, “You see, I just happened to retire from my work. Now I’m free all day. I’d be pleased to drive you anywhere you want to go.” Feeling surprised and 8 , I said “Thanks, madam, but that would be much 9 to you.” But she insisted and I accepted her kindness at last. The next morning, the kind lady turned up at the hotel and then took me to the Disneyland before she left. At the end of the day, she returned to take me back to the hotel again. Before I got off, I offered her some money but she just 10 . Thanks to her kindness, I had a wonderful holiday in Florida. And that sweet memory will be kept in my mind for long! 1. A．bus B．taxi C．underground D．walk 2. A．low B．much C．little D．high 3. A．before B．after C．as D．since 4. A．behind B．front C．beside D．inside 5. A．how often B．how soon C．how long D．how far 6. A．though B．but C．unless D．because 7. A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 8. A．doubted B．sad C．happy D．bored 9. A．happiness B．kindness C．trouble D．worry 10. A．agreed B．refused C．took D．remembered 10 / 10乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $