词法 数词基数词 数量表达 序数词 顺序表达日期 编号用法-2025-2026学年英语中考复习语法知识点全解（沪教上海版）

初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】数词：基数词、序数词及日期编号 用法 词法专项突破 考频分析 沪教上海版初中词法中，数词是基础语法模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷多个题型： 单项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、阅读理解（涉及日期或编号的细节 题)。在语境运用类题目中，基数词表示数量、序数词表示顺序以及日期编号的正确表达往往是解 题关键。 考查内容 中考对数词的考察聚焦三大维度，覆盖基础用法与语境应用： ·基数词（数量表达）：表示数量的基本用法，如表示年龄、时间、距离、价格等具体数量 ·序数词（顺序表达）：表示顺序的基本用法，如表示楼层、日期中的顺序、比赛名次等 ·日期/编号用法：日期表达中数词的正确使用，如年月日的表达，以及编号中数词的应用，如 房间号、页码等 知识点一：数词的分类及基础用法 1.基数词（表示数量） 常见类型：表示具体数目(one,two,three..)、百/千/万等单位词(hundred,thousand,.million,前有 具体数字时不加s) 例句： (I)There are thirty students in our class.(表示数量) (2)This book costs two hundred yuan.(hundred前有具体数字，不加s) 2.序数词（表示顺序） 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 构成规则：一般在基数词后加-th(four→fourth),特殊变化需记忆(one→first,.two-second,. three-→third,five→fifth,nine→ninth,twelve-→twelfth,twenty-→twentieth) 例句： (I)He got the first prize in the competition..(表示顺序) (2)Today is her twelfth birthday.(特殊变化) 3.日期/编号用法 日期表达：月份+序数词（如：October 1st)或序数词+of+月份（如：the first of October) 编号表达：可用序数词(he+序数词+名词)或基数词（名词+基数词，首字母大写） 例句： (I)Our National Day is on October 1st..(日期中的序数词) (2)He lives in Room502.(编号用基数词，名词+数字) 知识点二：数词的用法 1.基数词（表示数量） (1)基本构成 1-12:one,two,three,...,twelve 13-19:-teen (thirteen,fourteen,...,nineteen) 20-90:-ty后缀(twenty,thirty,.,ninety) 整百：数字+hundred(如two hundred) 整千：数字+thousand(如five thousand) (2)数量表达 大于100：百位and十位/个位（如156→one hundred and fifty-six) 大于1000：千位+百位+and+十位/个位（如2,345→two thousand three hundred and forty-five) 3)例句 (I)There are thirty students in our class.(我们班有30名学生) (2)This building is two hundred meters tall.(这座楼200米高) 2.序数词（表示顺序） (1)基本构成 1-3:first (1st),second (2nd),third (3rd) 4-19:基数词+-th(fourth,fifh,,nineteenth:注意fifh,eighth,ninth,twelfth特殊拼写) 20以上：整十数去y加-ieth(twentieth,thirtieth,.):非整十数：十位用基数词，个位用序数词（如 twenty-first,thirty-second) 2 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 (②)用法标志 常与定冠词the连用：日期中”日”用序数词（如June 1st) 3)例句 (l)She is the first to arrive at school.(她是第一个到学校的) (2)Today is September10th,Teachers'Day.(今天是9月10日教师节) 3.日期与编号用法 (1)日期表达 月+日（序数词）+年（如October1st,2023;或1 st October,2023) (2)编号表达 房间号/页码/电话号码：用基数词（如Room302,Page56,Tl:87654321) 编号序列：the+序数词+名词（如the fifth lesson=Lesson Five) 3)例句 (1)Our math class is on Wednesday,,the15th.(我们的数学课在l5号星期三) (2)Turn to Page89 and read the third paragraph.(翻到89页读第三段) 知识点三：数词 1.基数词（数量表达） 基础表达拓展（中考必背）： (1)1-10:one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten:There are ten students in the classroom. (2)11-20:eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty 句：She is twelve years old. (3)整十数：thirty(30),foty(40),fifty(50),sixty(60),seventy(70),eighty(80),ninety (90)→例句：My grandfather is eighty years old. ☐百/千/万：hundred(百)，thousand(千)，ten thousand(万)→例句：There are five hundred students in our school. ☐基数词+名词复数：two books(两本书)→例句：I have two books on the desk 特殊用法（中考易错）： (I)hundred/thousand/million前有具体数字时，不加s→例句：three hundred people(三百人)（错误： three hundreds people) (2)表示不确定数量时，用hundreds of/thousands of一例句：Thousands of birds fly to the south in winter. 3 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 (3)年龄表达：基数词+years old→例句：He is fifteen years old..(缩写：He is 15.) 2.序数词（顺序表达） 基础表达拓展（中考必背）： (1)1-10:first (1st),second (2nd),third (3rd),fourth (4th),fifth (5th),sixth (6th),seventh (7th),eighth(8th),ninth(9th),tenth(10th)→例句：Today is the first day of school. (2)整十序数词：twentieth(20th),thirtieth(30th),fortieth(40th)→例句：Her birthday is on the twentieth of May. (3)两位数序数词：twenty-first(2lst),thirty--second(32nd)→例句：He won the twenty-.first prize in the competition. 固定搭配（中考常考）： (I)the+序数词：表示'第”→例句：She is the second student to come to class. (2)序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，不加the→例句：This is my first time to visit Beijing: (3)”几点过几分”表达：分钟+past+小时（分钟≤30）→例句：ten past seven(7:10) 3.日期/编号用法 日期表达（中考核心）： (1)月/日/年（美式）：October1st,2023→例句：My birthday is on October 1st,.2010. (2)日/月/年（英式）：1 st October,2023→例句：The meeting is on5 th March,2024. (3)日期缩写：10/1/2023（美式）：1/10/2023（英式）→例句：Please write down the date as12/3/2023 (December 3rd). 编号表达（中考易错）： (1)房间/页码/电话号码：用基数词一→例句：My room number is302.(302房间)：Turn to Page50. (翻到50页) (2)顺序编号（如楼层、章节）：序数词或基数词→例句：He lives on the5 th floor/Floor5.(5楼)： We are learning Unit3.(第三单元) (3)年代表达：inhe+整十复数→例句：He was born in the1990s.(20世纪90年代) 考法精析 考法一：基数词构成辨析 核心：根据基数词的构词规则（如-teen/-y结尾、两位数连字符、三位数and用法），判断或补全正 确形式 真题1（语法填空)： 4 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 There are_(24)students in our class. 答案：twenty-four解析：两位数的构成规则为”几十+连字符+个位”，20是twenty,4是four,故 合并为twenty-four。 真题2（单项选择)： Which is the correct form of 135 in British English? A.one hundred twenty-five B.one hundred and twenty five C.one hundred and twenty-five D.one hundred twenty five 答案：C解析：英式英语中三位数表达为”百位+and+十位+个位”，且两位数需用连字符连接，135 的正确形式是one hundred and twenty-five。 考法二：序数词特殊变化记忆 核心：根据序数词l-l2及整十数的特殊变化规则（如one→first、twelve-→twelfth、twenty→twentieth), 选择正确形式 真题1（语法填空）： Today is my cousin's(12)birthday. 答案：twelfth解析：序数词”第十二为特殊变化，基数词twelve变序数词时需将ve改为f加-h, 即twelfth。 真题2（单项选择）： She got theplace in the race.(2nd) A.two B.second C.twoth D.twenty 答案：B解析：表示顺序”第二”需用序数词second,.two是基数词，twoth为错误形式，twenty表 示”二十”，均不符合题意。 考法三：日期编号表达辨析 核心：根据日期（月+序数词）和编号（名词+基数词/序数词+名词）的表达规则，判断正确形式 真题1（语法填空)： Our school trip is on June_(5th). 答案：5th解析：日期表达中，日”需用序数词缩写形式，5的序数词是fifh,缩写为5th。 真题2（单项选择)： Which is the correct way to write”301房间'in English? A.the 301st Room B.Room 301 C.301 Room D.the Room 301 答案：B解析：编号表达中”房间+数字”需用”名词+基数词”且首字母大写、无冠词，正确形式 为Room301。 5 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 解题小妙招 基数构成有规则，teen/-ty要分清：两位连字符连接，三位and莫忘记。 序数变化先记特，1-12特殊变，整十去y变ith:其余直接加-h,缩写莫忘右上角。 日期表达月+序，编号名词+基数：数量修饰基数词，具体数字百千单。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题（共10题） 1.Which is the correct form of 148 in British English? A.one hundred forty-eight B.one hundred and forty eight C.one hundred and forty-eight D.one hundred forty eight 2.My brother isyears old.(15) A.fifteen B.fifty C.fifteenth D.fiveteen 3.Today is mybirthday.(9th) A.nine B.ninth C.nineth D.nineteen 4.We live on the floor.(5th) A.five B.fifth C.fiveth D.fifty 5.Our National Day is on_. A.October 1 B.October 1st C.1 October D.1st October of 6.Please go to for the meeting. A.Ro01m304 B.the 304 Room 6 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 C.304 Room D.Room the 304th 7.There are_students in the classroom.(28) A.twenty eight B.twenty-eight C.two eight D.twentyeight 8.She got the prize in the competition.(3rd) A.three B.third C.threeth D.thirty 9.The library is on_Street.(12th) A.twelve B.twelfth C.Twelfth D.the twelfth 10.This book has_pages.(156) A.one hundred fifty-six B.one hundred and fifty six C.one hundred and fifty-six D.one hundred fifty six 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.There are_(45)desks in the classroom. 2.My father is(40)years old. 3.Today is Lily's_(8th)birthday. 4.We will have a test on the (5th)of June. 5.This is the(12th)lesson in the book. 6.There are(300)students in our grade. 7.He lives in_(Room 602). 8.The_(20th)century was a time of great change. 9.I need(three)bottles of juice. 10.She visited the Great Wall for the(1st)time. 7 初中沪教上海版 【寒假专版】 词法版知识点全解 演练三：语法填空试题（共10空) My name is Tom.I am a student in Grade 7.Today is my(13th)birthday.My mother bought me a cake with(12)candles.We will have a party at_(6:30)this evening.My friends will come to my house at_ (5th)Street.There are_(25)students in my class,and all of them will join the party.My father told me we will go to the zoo on-(Sunday,April 5th).The zoo is on the(3rd)floor of a shopping mall.I hope to see (100)animals there.This is the(2nd)time I go to the zoo this year.I think I will have a(wonderful) day! 答案区 演练-：1.C2.A3B4.B5.B6.A7B8B9.C10.C 1.forty-five 2.forty 3.eighth 4.fifth 5.twelfth 6.three hundred 7.Room 602 8.twentieth 9.three 10.first 1.thirteenth 2.twelve 3.six thirty 4.Fifth 5.twenty-five 6.April 5th 7.third 8.one hundred 9.second 10.wonderful