一般过去时-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（译林牛津版）

初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】一般过去时 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下译林牛津版中，一般过去时是基础语法模块，考频占时态类语法的30%左右，涉及试卷多个 核心题型：单项选择3-4题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空2-2题、书面表达（基础考察，影响句子时 态一致性)。在语境理解类题目中，一般过去时的时间状语识别及动词过去式变化往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。基本结构：主语+动词过去式+其他（肯定句）：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他（否定句）：DidH 主语+动词原形+其他（一般疑问句） ·时间标志词：yesterday,last week,im2020,just now,ago等的辨析与运用 。语境应用：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关的过去事实的描述，以及在语 境中判断动作发生时间并正确选用动词过去式形式 知识点一：一般过去时的构成及用法 1.基本结构（含实义动词) 1.肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 例句：She played basketball yesterday 2.否定句：主语+didn't+动词原形+其他 例句：He didn't watch TV last night. 3.疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 例句：Did they go to the park yesterday? 2.be动词的过去式变化及用法 1.第一人称/第三人称单数：was 例句：I was at home last Sunday./He was happy yesterday. 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.第二人称/复数人称：were 例句：You were late this morning./They were in the classroom. 3.否定句：主语+wasn't/weren't+其他 例句：She wasn't here just now. 3.时间标志词（表示过去的时间) ·常见标志词：yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、two days ago(两天前)、in2020(在2020年) 。例句：We visited the museum two days ago./He finished his work last month. 4.动词过去式的规则变化 1.直接加-ed:work→worked;play→played 例句：She worked hard last year. 2.以e结尾加-d:live→lived:like→liked 例句：They lived here in20l9 3.辅音+y结尾变y为i加-ed:study→studied;cary→carried 例句：He studied English last night. 4.重读闭音节双写尾字母加-ed:stop→stopped;plan→planned 例句：I stopped reading at 10p.m. 知识点二：一般过去时的核心用法与易错点 1.基本构成与否定/疑问形式 1.主动语态肯定句 结构：主语+动词过去式（规则变化加-d,不规则变化需记忆） 例句： -He walked to school yesterday.(walk→walked,规则变化) -She bought a pen last week.(buy→bought,不规则变化) 2.否定句 结构：主语+didn't+动词原形（无论主语单复数，统一用didn't,动词还原） 例句： -They didn't finish homework last night.(finish用原形，否定借助did't) -Ie didn't go to the park yesterday..(go用原形) 3.一般疑问句及回答 结构：Did+主语+动词原形？→肯定回答：Yes,主语+did.否定回答：No,主语+didn't. 例句： -Did you see him just now?Yes,I did./No,I didn't. -Did she visit her grandparents last month?Yes,she did./No,she didn't. 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.时间标志词的区分与运用 1.明确过去时间点 yesterday morning(昨天早上)、last Sunday(上周日)、three hours ago(三小时前)、in20l9(在2019 年) 例句：We moved to this city in20l9. 2.易混淆标志词辨析 -ago与before::”时间段+ago'用于一般过去时(I met her two days ago.):before可单独使用或接 从句，常用于现在完成时(I have seen the movie before.) -just now与just:just now(刚才)用于一般过去时(He left just now.):just(刚刚)用于现在完成 时(He has just left.) 3.不规则动词过去式的重点记忆 1.常见不规则变化（外研版初一下高频词） -go→went:come→came;see→saw;eat→ate;take→took -do→did:make→made;say→said;get→got;have→had 例句： She went to Beijing last summer. -They ate dinner at 7 p.m.yesterday 2.易混淆不规则动词对比 -lie(躺)→lay:lay(放置)→laid -feel→felt:fall→fell;find→found 例句：He lay on the bed and felt tired.(他躺在床上，感到很累。) 4.与过去进行时的简单区分（为后续学习铺垫) 1.一般过去时：强调过去某动作”已完成”或”一次性发生” 例句：He wrote a letter yesterday..(动作己结束) 2.过去进行时：强调过去某时刻'正在进行'的动作（常与when/while引导的时间状语连用） 例句：He was writing a letter when I called him.(我打电话时，他正在写信) (注：初一下阶段只需初步感知，重点掌握一般过去时的独立使用) 5.被动语态的特殊注意事项 1.不及物动词无被动语态（如happen,appear,go,come） 错误：A car accident was happened yesterday.(happen无被动) 正确：A car accident happened yesterday. 2.主动表被动的固定搭配（感官动词） The food tasted good.(食物尝起来很好，taste主动形式表被动含义) 3 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 知识点三：一般过去时的句式转换 1.肯定句变否定句 1.规则：在be动词后加not;实义动词前加din't,动词还原为原形 (1)He was happy yesterday.-He wasn't happy yesterday. (2)They played football last Sunday.-They didn't play football last Sunday. 2.肯定句变一般疑问句及回答 1.规则：be动词提前；实义动词借助助动词did,动词还原，句末加问号 (1)She was at home last night.Was she at home last night?Yes,she was./No,she wasn't. (2)Tom finished his homework yesterday.-Did Tom finish his homework yesterday?Yes,he did./No, he didn't 3.特殊疑问句 1.规则：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序 (1)They went to the park by bike.-How did they go to the park? (2)Lucy bought a book in the shop.-What did Lucy buy in the shop? 考法精析 考法一：动词过去式规则变化 核心：根据动词原形及变化规则，正确写出规则动词的过去式形式 真题1（词汇运用）： 写出下列动词的过去式：study→ 答案：studied解析：根据规则，”辅音+y'结尾的动词变过去式需改y为i加-ed,study符合该 规则，故过去式为studied。 真题2（单项选择）： She_(stop)her car near the park just now. A.stop B.stops C.stopped D.stopping 答案：C解析：由时间标志词'just now”可知需用一般过去时：stop是重读闭音节动词，过去式 需双写尾字母加-ed,即stopped。 考法二：动词过去式变化与句式转换综合考查 4 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：结合动词过去式规则/不规则变化，完成一般过去时的肯定句、否定句及疑问句转换 真题1（语法填空）： She(study)French two years ago,but she_(not finish)the course. 答案：studied didn't finish解析：第一空由"two years ago''可知用一般过去时，study为”辅音+y 结尾，过去式变y为i加-ed:第二空否定句用'didn't+动词原形”，finish用原形。 真题2（单项选择)： _they_the museum last weekend? A.Do visit B.Did visited C.Did visit D.Were visit 答案：C解析：由'last weekend,可知用一般过去时，疑问句结构为Did+主语+动词原形”，A为 般现在时，B误用过去式，D误用be动词+动词原形，故选C。 考法三：一般过去时综合运用与动词形式判断 核心：结合时间标志词辨析，正确使用动词过去式（规则/不规则变化）及b动词过去式，区分主 动语态与被动语态特殊情况 真题1（单项选择)： My parents-to the museum two days ago andmany old things there. A.go see B.went saw C.went see D.go saw 答案：B解析：由时间标志词'two days ago”可知用一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，两个动词均 需用过去式；go的过去式为went,see的过去式为saw(不规则变化)。 真题2（语法填空）： She(buy)a new dress yesterday,but she_(not wear)it just now because it was too cold. 答案：bought didn't wear解析：第一空由'yesterday”可知用一般过去时，buy的过去式为bought (不规则变化)：第二空由'just now'”可知用一般过去时否定，借助didn't,动词wear用原形。 解题小妙招 动词过去式与时态应用妙招 规则变化有规律，原形变化要牢记： 辅音加y变i加ed,重读闭音双写尾： 一般过去看时间，just now、wo years ago是标志： 肯定句中用过去式，否定借助didn't加原形： 5 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】A版知识点全解 疑问要把did提前，动词原形跟后面： 被动语态看承受，结构was/were加done: 时间状语辨时态，过去被动was/were不可忘。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.He to the Great Wall with his parents last summer A go B goes C went D will go 2.My brotherbasketball every day,but he football yesterday A plays didn't play B played doesn't play C plays wasn't play D played didn't play 3.youyour homework at 8 pm last night? A Do finish B Did finished C Did finish D Were finish 4.The little girlvery sad because sheher new toy A is loses B was lost C was losted D was lost 5.They in this city in 2018,but now they in Shanghai A live live B lived live C livedlived D live lived 6.The students_the classroom after school yesterday A clean B cleans C cleaned D cleaning 7.My mother_a cake for my birthday last week.It_delicious A makes is B made was C made is D makes was 8.-Tomto the party last Saturday? A Does come B Did came C Did come D Was come 9.The old housein 1990 and itstill standing now A built is B was built is C built was D was built was 10.ITV at 9 o'clock last night.I_a book instead A watch read B watched read C watched was reading D was watching read 演练二：填空试题 1.She(study)English for three hours last night 2.My parents_(not go)to work yesterday because it was Sunday 3.-(be)you at home this morning?I called you but nobody answered 4.The children(play)happily in the park two days ago 5.He(stop)his car and(get)off to help the old man 6 初一下译林牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 6.We(visit)the science museum last month and(see)many interesting things 7.The teacher(tell)us a story in class yesterday.It(be)very interesting 8.My father_(not watch)TV last night.He-(read)a newspaper 9.They(live)in this village from 2010 to 2015 10.The letter_(write)by my brother yesterday afternoon 演练三：语法填空试题 Last Sunday,I (have)a special day.In the morning,I(get)up early and(help)my mom make breakfast.After breakfast,my family and I(go)to the countryside.We(drive)for two hours and (arrive)at a small village.The villagers-(be)very friendly.They-(show)us around their farms and (give)us fresh fruits.In the afternoon,we(climb)a small hill and(take)many photos.We(retumn) home at 7 pm.Although I(feel)tired,I(be)very happy because I(learn)a lot about rural life 答案区 演练-：1.C2.A3.C4.B5.B6.C7.B8.C9.B10B :1.studied 2.didn't go 3.Were 4.played 5.stopped got 6.visited saw 7.told was 8.didn't watch read 9.lived 10.was written 演练三：had got helped went drove arrived were showed gave climbed took retumed felt was leamed 7