感叹句-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（沪教牛津版）

初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 寒假专版 【专题】感叹句 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下沪教牛津版中，感叹句是基础语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，主要分布在核心题型： 单项选择(1-2题)、句型转换(1-2题)。在语境应用类题目中，感叹句的引导词选择(what/how) 及语序排列往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·引导词选择：what与how的用法辨析（修饰名词、形容词、副词的区别） ·结构形式：what(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！与how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！的基本 构成 ·语境应用：根据句意判断感叹句类型，正确补全或改写感叹句 知识点一：感叹句的定义及结构 1.定义（表达强烈情感） ·核心功能：抒发喜悦、惊讶、愤怒、赞叹等强烈情感 ·语调特征：句末用感叹号“！”，朗读时用降调 2.基本结构 1.What引导型（修饰名词） 。What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+（主语+谓语）！ →例句：What a beautiful flower it is!(多么漂亮的一朵花啊！) 。What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！ →例句：What lovely children they are!(多么可爱的孩子们啊！) →例句：What delicious food it is!(多么美味的食物啊！) 2.How引导型（修饰形容词/副词/动词） 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 ·How+形容词/副词+（主语+谓语） →例句：How tall the boy is!(这个男孩多高啊！) →例句：How fast he runs!(他跑得真快啊！) ●How+主语+谓语！（强调动词） →例句：How time flies!(时间过得真快啊！) 3.结构省略规则 ·口语中常省略主语+谓语 →例句：What a pity!(多遗憾啊！) →例句：How beautif!(真漂亮啊！) 知识点二：感叹句的结构和用法 1.what引导的感叹句（修饰名词) 1.修饰可数名词单数 结构：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (I)What a beautiful girl(she is)!(她是个多么漂亮的女孩啊！) (2)What an interesting story(itis)!(这是个多么有趣的故事啊！) 2.修饰可数名词复数 结构：Wht+形容词+可数名词复数+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (I)What clever students(they are)!(他们是多么聪明的学生啊！) (2)What beautiful flowers(these are)!(这些是多么漂亮的花啊！) 3.修饰不可数名词 结构：What+形容词+不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (I)What fine weather(itis)!(多么好的天气啊！) (2)What delicious food(this is)!(这是多么美味的食物啊！) 2.how引导的感叹句（修饰形容词、副词或动词） 1.修饰形容词 结构：How+形容词+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (I)How happy(heis)!(她多么开心啊！) (2)How tall(the tree is)!(这棵树多么高啊！) 2 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 2.修饰副词 结构：How+副词+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (I)How fast (he runs)!(他跑得多么快啊！) (2)How carefully(she writes)!(她写得多认真啊！) 3.修饰动词 结构：How+动词+（主语+谓语）！ 例句： (1)How (he loves his mother)!(他多么爱他的妈妈啊！) (2)How(hey sing)！(他们唱得多好啊！) 3.感叹句的简化与转换 1.简化规则：当感叹句中的主语和谓语（常为be动词)在上下文明确时，可省略。 例句： (I)What a nice day！(省略itis) (2)How beautiful!!(省略she is/itis) 2.转换方法：what和how引导的感叹句可在保持句意不变的情况下转换。 例句： (1)What a clever boy he is!-How clever the boy is! (2)How interesting the book is!What an interesting book it is! 知识点三：感叹句的结构与用法 1.What引导的感叹句 。What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+（主语+谓语）！→例句：What a beautiful flower it is! ·What+形容词+可数名词复数+（主语+谓语）！→例句：What clever children they are! 。What+形容词+不可数名词+（主语+谓语）！→例句：What fine weather it is today! 2.How引导的感叹句 。How+形容词+（主语+谓语）！→例句：How tall the building is! ·How+副词+（主语+谓语）！→例句：How quickly he runs! 。How+主语+谓语！→例句：How time flies! 3.易错点辨析（中考高频） 。What与How的转换：What a clever boy he is!=How clever the boy is! 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 。冠词使用：What an interesting book!(元音音素开头用am);What a useful tool!(辅音音素开头用a) 。主谓省略：感叹句中主语和谓语可省略，如：What a good idea!(省略itis);How beautiful!(省略 it is) 考法精析 考法一：What与How引导感叹句的结构辨析 核心：根据中心词的词性（名词/形容词/副词），选择正确的引导词并匹配对应的感叹句结构 真题1（语法填空）： _interesting book it is!I want to read it again. 答案：What an 解析：中心词为可数名词单数book”,应用What引导；interesting以元音音素开头，故用”an”,完 整结构为What an interesting book it is!!”(省略主语和谓语”itis)。 真题2（单项选择)： -fast the runner runs! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 答案：B 解析：中心词为副词fst”,应用How引导，结构为How+副词+主语+谓语！”，无需冠词，故选 B。 考法二：感叹句结构转换与情感功能匹配 核心：根据句子核心词类型（名词/形容词/副词）完成What与How引导的感叹句转换，同时判断 感叹句表达的情感类型 真题1（句型转换）： 将句子改写为How引导的感叹句：What a lovely day it is!! 答案：How lovely a day it is! 解析：根据转换规则'What+a/an+形容词+名词=How+形容词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语'，此 处形容词为lovely,名词为day(可数单数)，故转换为How lovely a day it is! 真题2（单项选择)： -slowly the old man walks!He might need help. A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 答案：B 解析：空格后为副词lowy,符合How引导感叹句修饰副词的结构How+副词+主语+谓语'： 由'might need help'”可判断该句表达不满类情感，强调动作缓慢。 考法三：感叹句的综合转换与结构辨析 4 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 核心：掌握what与how引导的感叹句结构差异，能在保持句意不变的情况下进行句式转换，并准 确判断省略主语和谓语后的简化形式 真题1（单项选择)： interesting story it is!I want to read it again. A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 答案：C 解析：感叹句中心词为可数名词单数”stoy',应用what引导，且”interesting”以元音音素开头，需 用不定冠词an,完整结构为What an interesting story it is!”,此处省略主语和谓语。 真题2（语法填空)： How-(quick)the boy runs!His classmates are all surprised. 答案：quickly 解析：此处修饰动词”uns”需用副词形式，感叹句结构为'How+副词+（主语+谓语）！”，quick的 副词形式为quickly。 解题小妙招 感叹句结构妙招 感叹句，What How,中心词性先辨好： What修饰名词先，名词可数不可数： 可数单数a/an连，What a/an形名单： 不可数或复数名，What形名直接跟： How修形副紧相连，How形/副+主谓显： 转换What a/an形名=How形a/an名，结构互换要记牢： 常见错误冠词漏，形副混淆需警惕： 结合语境判情感，结构正确是关键。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.tall building it is! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 2.fast the wind is blowing! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 3.lovely children they are! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 4.important news it is for us! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 5 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 5._slowly the snail moves!I can't wait. A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 6.brave boy he isn't!He cried when he saw the dog. A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 7.-interesting film we watched yesterday! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 8.-happy they look on Children's Day! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 9.fine weather today!Let's go hiking A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 10.-big eyes she has!They're like stars. A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 演练二：填空试题 1.beautiful garden it is!(What/How) 2.-quickly the students are running!(What/How) 3._delicious cakes these are!(What/How) 4.-tall the mountain looks in the fog!(What/How) 5.-useful information you gave me!(What/How) 6.-clever girl she isn't!She forgot her keys again.(What/How) 7._lovely a cat it is!I want to take it home.(What/How) 8.-time flies when we're having fun!(What/How) 9.-exciting trip we had last summer!(What/How) 10.hard the workers are working in the rain!(What/How) 演练三：语法填空试题 Dear Tom, I had a great weekend!On Saturday,I visited a park with my family.1.-beautiful park it was! There were many colorful flowers everywhere.2.-lovely the flowers smelled!I also met my old friend Lily there.3.-tall she has grown!She is now taller than me.In the afternoon,we tried paragliding.4.exciting sport it was!I was scared at first,but it felt like flying.In the evening, we had dinner at a restaurant.5.delicious the food was!The chef made the best noodles I've ever tasted. On Sunday,I stayed at home and read a book.6.-interesting story it told!It was about a boy and his dog.7.-fast I finished it-only two hours!In the afternoon,it rained heavily.8.-hard the rain fell!I 6 初一下沪教牛津版 【寒假专版】 A版知识点全解 couldn't go out,but I watched a movie.9.-funny the movie was!I laughed so much. 10.-wonderful weekend I had!I hope you can visit soon and experience it too. Best wishes, Lily 答案区 演练-：1.C2.B3.A4.A5B6.C7.C8B9.A10.A 演练二：1.What2.How3.What4.How5.What6.What7.How8.How9.What10.How 演练三：1.What a2.How3.How4.What an5How6.What an7.How8.How9.How10.What a 7