感叹句-2025-2026学年七年级英语下册语法知识点全解（外研版）

初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 语法专版 【专题】感叹句 语法专项突破 考频分析 初一下外研版中，感叹句是基础语法模块，考频占句法总量的10%左右，主要分布在核心题型：单 项选择(1-2题)、完形填空(1-2题)、语法填空(1题)。在语境理解类题目中，感叹句的引导词 选择(what/how)及语序往往是解题关键。 考查内容 ·引导词选用：wht与how的辨析及搭配规则（修饰名词用what,修饰形容词/副词/动词用how) 。语序与结构：感叹句的基本句型(What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！How+形容词/副词 +主语+谓语！) 。语境应用：根据句意判断感叹句类型，区分陈述句与感叹句的转换及情感表达 知识点一：感叹句的定义及基础用法 1.定义（表达强烈情感，如喜悦、惊讶、愤怒等） 1.核心功能：通过语气和结构强化情感表达，句末常用感叹号4” 2.例句： ●What a beautiful day!(表达喜悦) 。How fast he runs!(表达惊讶) 2.结构类型（以what和how引导为主） 1.what引导（修饰名词）：What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！ 例句：What an interesting story it is!/What delicious food!(名词为不可数时省略a/an) 2.how引导（修饰形容词/副词/动词）：How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！ 例句：How happy she looks!/How hard they are working! 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 3.其他形式（简化结构及注意事项) 1.省略主语和谓语：适用于上下文明确时，直接用“What+名词！”或“How+形容词/副词！” 例句：What a mess!!/How wonderful! 2.主谓不倒装：与疑问句区分，感叹句主语和谓语顺序不变（陈述句语序） 错误：How fast does he run!(应为How fast he runs!) 知识点二：感叹句的结构与用法 1.what引导的感叹句（修饰名词） 1.单数可数名词：What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语！ 例句： ·What a beautiful flower it is!!(flower是单数可数名词，beautiful是形容词，用a) 。What an interesting story she told!(story是单数可数名词，interesting以元音音素开头，用anm) 2.复数可数名词：Wht+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语！ 例句： ●What lovely children they are!(children是复数名词，lovely是形容词) ·What tall buildings those are!(buildings是复数名词，tall是形容词) 3.不可数名词：What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 例句： ·What fine weather it is today!(weather是不可数名词，fine是形容词) ·What delicious food she cooked!(food是不可数名词，delicious是形容词) 2.how引导的感叹句（修饰形容词、副词或动词) 1.修饰形容词：How+形容词+主语+谓语！ 例句： ·How happy the girl is!!(happy是形容词，修饰主语the girl) ·How easy the question is!(easy是形容词，修饰主语the question) 2.修饰副词：How+副词+主语+谓语！ 例句： ·How quickly he runs!(quickly是副词，修饰动词uns) ·How carefully she writes!.(carefully是副词，修饰动词writes) 3.修饰动词：How+主语+谓语！，用于强调动词 例句： 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 。How time flies!(flies是动词，强调动作“飞逝”) 。How she sings!(sings是动词，强调“唱歌”的动作) 3.常见易错点 1.what和how的区分：名词前用what,形容词/副词前用how(口诀：名词what,形副how) 例句对比： ●What a clever boy he is!(boy是名词，用what) ·How clever the boy is!(clever是形容词，用how) 2.主谓的省略：口语中常省略主语和谓语（通常是itis/they are/he is等） 例句： ·What a nice day!(省略了itis,完整句为What a nice day it is!!) 。low beautiful!(省略了主语和谓语，完整句为How beautiful it is!) 知识点三：感叹句 1.What引导的感叹句 1.基础结构（中考必背)： ●What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！→例句：What a beautiful flower(tis)! 。What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)！一例句：What lovely children((they are)! ·What+形容词+不可数名词（什主语+谓语）！→例句：What fine weather(itis)today! 2.How引导的感叹句 1.基础结构（中考必背）： ●How+形容词(+主语+谓语)！→例句：How tall the boy is! ●How+副词（什主语+谓语）！→例句：How fast he runs! 。How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)！→例句：How interesting a story(itis划 3.常见易错结构（中考易错） l.主谓省略：在口语中常省略主语和谓语，仅保留核心感叹部分→例句：What a mess!/How wonderful! 2.What与How辨析：名词前有形容词时用What,形容词/副词单独使用时用How→例句：What heavy rain!(不可数名词)/How heavy the rain is!(形容词+名词) 3 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 考法精析 考法一：感叹句引导词辨析(what/how) 核心：根据被修饰成分（名词/形容词/副词）选择正确引导词，掌握what修饰名词、how修饰形容 词/副词的基本规则 真题1（语法填空)： _delicious the food is!I want to have more. 答案：How 解析：delicious为形容词，需用how引导感叹句，结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语！ 真题2（单项选择)： -interesting story it is!We all like it. A What B What an C How D How an 答案：B 解析：中心词为可数名词单数story,需用what引导，且interesting以元音音素开头，冠词用an,结 构为What+an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ 考法二：What与ow引导感叹句的结构辨析 核心：根据被修饰词的词性（名词/形容词/副词）选择What或How引导，并正确使用冠词及语序 真题1（单项选择）： interesting story it is! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 答案：B 解析：被修饰词为可数名词单数“stoy”,需用What引导，且形容词“interesting”以元音音素开 头，前加冠词an,结构为“What an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)”。 真题2（句型转换)： 原句：The students are working hard.(改为感叹句) _the students are working! 答案：How hard 解析：被修饰词为副词“hard”,需用How引导，结构为“How+副词+主语+谓语”，故填How hard。 考法三：感叹句引导词what与how的综合辨析及结构转换 核心：区分what(修饰名词)和how(修饰形容词/副词/动词)的用法，掌握不同名词类型（单复 数、不可数)的感叹句结构，以及与陈述句的转换规则 真题1（单项选择)： _interesting story it is!I want to read it again. A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 答案：B 4 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 解析：感叹句中心词为可数名词单数“story”,需用what引导：“interesting”以元音音素开头，不 定冠词用a,完整结构为“What an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”（句中省略了主语it 和谓语is)。 真题2（语法填空)： The boy runs very fast.(改为感叹句) _the boy runs! 答案：How fast 解析：原句中“fast”为副词，修饰动词“uns”,感叹句需用how引导，结构为“How+副词+主 语+谓语”，故填How fast。 解题小妙招 感叹句辨析妙招 感叹句中what/how,名词形副要分辨： what修饰名，how跟形副： 单数名词需加a/an,元辅音素先判断： 结构牢记What+a/an+形+单名，What+形+复名/不可数名： How+形副紧相连，主谓顺序别错乱： 语境情感辅助判，省略主谓也常见。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题) 1.tall the mountain is!We can see the whole city from the top. A What B What a C How D How an 2.interesting book it is!I have read it three times. A What B What an C How D How a 3.-fast the runners are!They are trying their best to win. A What B What a C How D How an 4.beautiful flowers they sent to her!She was very happy. A What B What a C How D How an 5.sunny day it was yesterday!We went to the park. A What B What a C How D How an 6._important information the teacher gave us!We should take notes. A What B What an C How D How an 7.clever the little girl is!She solved the math problem quickly. A What B What a C How D How an 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 8.lovely children they are!They always help others. A What B What a C How D How an 9.hard he studies!He gets good grades every time. A What B What a C How D How an 10.-fun we had at the party!Everyone laughed a lot. A What B What a C How D How an 演练二：填空（共10题） 1.delicious the cake is!My mom made it for my birthday 2.interesting story he told us!We all listened carefully. 3.fast time flies!We will graduate from junior high soon. 4.-beautiful music it is!I want to listen to it again. 5.tall buildings they are!They look so modern. 6.-happy the children are!They are playing games in the park. 7._careful she is!She never makes mistakes in her homework. 8.-good advice our teacher gave us!We should follow it. 9.clever a boy he is!He can speak three languages. 10.-pity it is!We can't go to the concert because of the rain 演练三：语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的感叹句引导词(What/How)。 Last Sunday,I went to the zoo with my family.When I saw the pandas,I said,"1.cute they are!" They were eating bamboo slowly.Then we visited the lions."2.-strong the lion is!"my little brother shouted.Next,we watched the birds in the aviary."3.beautiful feathers they have!my mom said. In the afternoon,we went to a cafe."4.delicious coffee this is!"my dad said after taking a sip.Later, we walked in the park."5.lovely day it is today!"I thought.Suddenly,we saw a little girl crying. “6._sad she looks!”my mom said.We helped her find her parents..“7.kind you are!”the girl's mother thanked us. On our way home,we passed a bookstore."8.interesting books there are!"I said.My dad bought me a storybook."9.nice gift it is!"I smiled.When we got home,I felt tired but happy."10.-wonderful day！”I thought before going to bed. 6 初一下外研版 【语法专版】 感叹句全解 答案区 演练-：1.C2.B3.C4.A5B6.A7.C8.A9.C10.A 演练二：1.How2.What an3.How4.What5.What6.How7How8.What9.How10.What a 演练三：1How2.How3.What4.How5.What a6.How7.How8.What9.What a10.What a 7