内容正文:
初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
寒假专版
【专题】感叹句
语法专项突破
考频分析
初二下仁爱版中,感叹句是基础语法模块,考频占句法总量的10%左右,主要分布在核心题型:单
项选择(1-2题)、句型转换(2-3题)。在语境应用类题目中,感叹句的引导词选择(what/how)及
语序往往是解题关键。
考查内容
·引导词选择:what与how的辨析(修饰名词、形容词、副词的规则)
。语序与结构:陈述句变感叹句的转换方法,主谓倒装与不倒装的情况
·标点与语气:感叹号的正确使用,以及不同语境下感叹句的情感表达
知识点一:感叹句的结构及用法
1.what引导的感叹句(修饰名词)
1.基本结构:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+(主语+谓语)划
2.例句:
。What a beautiful flower it is!(修饰可数名词单数,用a)
·What delicious food this is!(修饰不可数名词,无a/an)
2.how引导的感叹句(修饰形容词/副词/动词)
1.修饰形容词:How+形容词+(主语+谓语)!→例句:How happy they are!
2.修饰副词:How+副词+(主语+谓语)!→例句:How quickly he runs!
3.修饰动词:How+动词+(主语)!→例句:How time flies!(fly为动词,省略主语it)
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初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
知识点二:基本构成与分类
1.强调型感叹句(what引导)
1.结构:What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!(名词为可数单数时加a/an,不可数或复数时省
略)
2.例句:
●What a beautiful flower it is!(可数单数名词flower,用a;形容词beautiful修饰flower)
·What interesting books they are!(可数复数名词books,.不加a/an;形容词interesting修饰books)
●What fine weather it is today!(不可数名词weather,不加a/an:形容词fine修饰weather)
2.强调型感叹句(how引导)
1.结构:How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!(强调形容词或副词,无名词直接跟在how后)
2.例句:
●How tall the boy is!(形容词tall直接跟在how后,强调’高')
●How fast he runs!(副词fast直接跟在how后,强调'快)
。How happy they look!(形容词happy直接跟在how后,强调'开心”)
3.简化型感叹句(省略主语和谓语)
1.适用场景:口语中当主语和谓语(通常是it is/they are/heis等)显而易见时可省略
2.例句:
·What a lovely cat!(完整句:What a lovely cat it is!省略itis)
·How cool!(完整句:How cool it is!省略itis)
●What delicious food!(完整句:What delicious food it is!省略itis)
4.易错点区分(what与how)
1.判定技巧:名词前有形容词时用what,无名词直接接形容词/副词时用how
2.对比示例:
·What heavy rain it is!(rain是名词,用what)
。How heavy the rain is!(heay后接名词rain,需用how+形容词+名词+谓语结构)
●What a clever girl she is!(girl是名词,用what)
·How clever the girl is!(clever后接名词girl,用how+形容词+名词+谓语结构)
初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
知识点三:感叹句
1.What引导的感叹句
1.基础结构拓展(中考必背):
·What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!→例句:What a beautiful flower(itis)!
。What+形容词+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!一例句:What delicious cakes(they are)}
。What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!→例句:What fine weather(it is)today!
2.How引导的感叹句
1.基础结构拓展(中考必背):
。How+形容词(+主语+谓语)!一例句:How happy she looks!
。How+副词(什主语+谓语)!→例句:How quickly he runs!!
·How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数(什主语+谓语)!→例句:How interesting a story(itis!
3.感叹句的省略与转换(中考易错)
1.主谓部分省略:当感叹对象明确时,常省略主语和谓语→例句:What a clever boy!(省略itis)
2.What与How句型转换:What a tall tree it is!=How tall the tree is!
考法精析
考法一:感叹句引导词选择
核心:根据句中是否存在名词(需指可数/不可数名词本身,不含形容词后的名词短语),判断使用
what或how引导感叹句;若有名词用what,无名词用how。
真题1(单项选择):
-interesting story it is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
答案:B解析:句中”interesting story”是名词短语,tory为可数名词单数,应用what引导,且可
数名词单数前需加不定冠词an,所以选B。
真题2(单项选择):
_fast the runner runs!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
答案:C解析:句中fast”是副词,其后无名词,应用how引导感叹句,所以选C。
考法二:感叹句转换及引导词选择
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初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
核心:根据名词的数及是否省略主谓,将what与how引导的感叹句进行转换,并正确选择引导词
真题1(句型转换):
What a beautiful park it is!(改为how引导的感叹句)
答案:How beautiful a park it is!解析:修饰可数名词单数beautiful park,转换公式为How+形容
词+a/an+名词+主语+谓语,故将What a beautiful park转换为How beautiful a park。
真题2(单项选择):
exciting news we heard yesterday!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
答案:A解析:名词news为不可数名词,符合what引导感叹句结构What+形容词+不可数名
词,不可数名词前不加冠词,故选A。
考法三:感叹句的综合转换与应用
核心:掌握what与how引导的感叹句之间的句式转换,能结合语境补全省略式感叹句并正确选择
引导词
真题1(单项选择):
-exciting news it is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
答案:A解析:句中名词news前有形容词exciting,根据知识点二判定技巧”名词前有形容词时
用what”,且news为不可数名词,无需冠词,故用What+形容词+不可数名词结构。
真题2(语法填空):
How beautiful the flowers(be)!
答案:are解析:此句为how引导的感叹句,结构为How+形容词+主语+谓语,主语the flowers
为复数,be动词用are,符合知识点一how修饰形容词'的基本结构要求。
解题小妙招
感叹句解题妙招
感叹句引导词,名词有无是关键:
有名词用what,无名词用how:
what后接名短,可数单数a/an添:
不可数与复数,冠词无需加在前:
how后形副跟,主谓位置别错乱:
转换牢记公式套,what换how形在前,
how换what名领先,冠词单复要辨清:
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初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
省略主谓莫慌张,核心名词是重点:
单选定要细甄别,冠词引导无错偏。
真题演练
演练一:单项选择试题(共10题)
1.tall building it is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How an
2.fast he swims!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
3.interesting books they are!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How a
4._sunny day today!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
5.carefully she writes!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
6.-good advice you gave me!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How a
7.clever boy he is!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
8.beautiful the park is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How a
9.-expensive watch it is!
A.What B.What an C.How D.How a
10.-quickly time passes!
A.What B.What a C.How D.How a
演练二:填空试题(共10题)
1.(What/How)a lovely cat it is!
2.(What/How)fast the car runs!
3.(What/How)delicious food this is!
4.-(What/How)tall trees they are!
5.-(What/How)happy the children are!
6.(What/How)an exciting game it was!
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初二下册仁爱版
【寒假专版】
A版知识点全解
7.(What/How)beautiful flowers these are!
8.(What/How)slowly the old man walks!
9.-(What/How)a clever girl she is!
10.(What/How)important information this is!
演练三:语法填空试题
Today is Sunday.I go to the park with my friends.1.-(What/How)a beautiful day it is!The sun is shining,
and 2.-(What/How)blue the sky is!We see many flowers:3.-(What/How)colorful they are!Some
children are playing games.4.(What/How)loudly they laugh!A boy is flying a kite.5.(What/How)
high the kite flies!Near the lake,an old man is fishing.6.-(What/How)patient he is!Later,we have
a picnic.7.(What/How)tasty the sandwiches are!My friend Lily sings a song.8.-(What/How)
sweet her voice is!Time goes by fast.9.-(What/How)short the day is!We leave the park at 5 p.m.10.
(What/How)wonderful day we have!
答案区
演练-:1B2.C3.A4.B5.C6.A7B8.C9.B10.C
演练二:1.What2.How3.What4.What5.How6.What7.What8How9.What10.What
演练三:1.What2.How3.How4.How5.How6.How7.What8.How9.How10.What
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