Unit 8 Review 复习现在进行时情态动词 can 及现在完成时-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册语法知识点全解（教科版五四制）

初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】8下Unit8 Review 语法复习 【专题】复习现在进行时、情态动词can及 现在完成时 语法专项突破 考频分析 教科版（五四制）8下Unit8 Review中，现在进行时、情态动词can及现在完成时是重点语法模块， 考频占语法总量的15%左右，涉及试卷核心题型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空2-3题、语法填空1-2 题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子语境表达与语法准确性。在语境理解类题目中，现在进行时 的动作时效性、情态动词can的语气表达及现在完成时的时间关联往往是解题关键。 知识点二：情态动词can及现在完成时 1.情态动词can（能力、许可) 1.基本用法 表示“能、会”（能力）或“可以”（许可），无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。否定形式为cant (cannot),疑问形式将can提前。 2.肯定句 结构：主语+can+动词原形 例句： ·I can speak English fluently.(表示能力，“我能流利说英语”) ·You can go home now.(表示许可，“你现在可以回家了") 3.否定句 结构：主语+can't+动词原形 例句： ●She can't swim across the river.(“她不能游过河”) ·We can't park here.(“我们不能在这里停车”) 4.疑问句 结构：Can+主语+动词原形？ 例句： 1 初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】8下Unit8 Review ·Can you play the piano?(“你会弹钢琴吗？”) ●Can they join our club?(“他们可以加入我们的俱乐部吗？”) 2.现在完成时（过去动作对现在的影响/动作持续到现在) 1.时间标志词 already（已经，肯定句)yet(还，否定句/疑问句)、for+时间段（如for2 hours)、since+时间点 (如since last month)、recently(最近) 2.主动语态 结构：主语+have/has+动词过去分词（主语为第三人称单数用has,其他人称用have) 例句： ·They have visited the museum already..(“他们已经参观过这个博物馆了”，对现在的影响是“知道 博物馆的情况”) ·He has studied French for3 years.(“他学法语已经三年了”，动作持续到现在) 3.否定句 结构：主语+haven't/hasn't+动词过去分词 例句： ·I haven't finished my homework yet.(“我还没完成作业”) ●She hasn't seen this movie before..(“她以前没看过这部电影”) 4.疑问句 结构：Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词？ 例句： 。Have you read this book?(“你读过这本书吗？”) ·Has he lived here since2020?(“他从2020年起就住在这里吗？”) 5.被动语态 结构：主语+have/has been+动词过去分词 例句： ●The work has been finished by them.(“这项工作已经被他们完成了”) 。This song has been sung many times.(“这首歌已经被唱过很多次了") 知识点三：情态动词can 1.基础用法（核心功能) 1.表示能力（能/会做某事）→例句：She can speak English fluently.. 2.表示许可（可以做某事）→例句：Can I borrow your dictionary? 初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 8下Unit8 Review 3.表示请求（委婉语气）→例句：Can you help me carry the box? 4.表示推测（用于否定句/凝问句，可能性）→例句：He can't be at home now. 2.句式结构（中考必背) 1.肯定句：主语+can+动词原形一例句：I can swim across the river 2.否定句：主语+cant/cannot+动词原形→例句：They can't play the piano. 3.一般疑问句：Can+主语+动词原形？→例句：Can you ride a bike? 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+can+主语+动词原形？→例句：What can he do for us? 3.情态动词can的延伸用法（中考拓展） 1.can与be able to的区别：can表示天生能力或即时能力，be able to强调通过努力获得的能力或成 功做到某事，且可用于各种时态→例句：She can speak French.(天生能力)He was able to pass the exam after studying hard.(努力后的结果) 2.cant表推测的加强语气：can't用于否定推测时，表示“不可能”，语气比may not强→例句：The man can't be our teacher.He is much younger. 3.can的口语用法：can可用于提出建议或请求，could语气更委婉→例句：You can try thisnew restaurant. (建议)Could you please open the window?(委婉请求) 考法精析 考法一：情态动词can的用法辨析 核心：根据语境判断cn表能力、许可或可能性，掌握其否定、疑问形式及回答 真题1（语法填空)： -Can Tom_(swim)across the river? -No,he.He is too young. 答案：swim;can't 解析：第一空情态动词can后接动词原形：第二空否定回答用can't。 真题2（单项选择）： Wespeak loudly in the library.It's not allowed. A can B can't C must D mustn't 答案：B 解析：根据”It's not allowed''可知图书馆不允许大声说话，can't表示”不能”，符合语境。mustn't语 气过于强烈，此处强调许可，用c't更恰当。 考法二：情态动词can与现在完成时的综合运用 3 初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】 8下Unit8 Review 核心：结合语境判断是否使用情态动词cn表能力或可能性，并正确运用现在完成时结构 真题1（语法填空）： She(can finish)the task on time because she has prepared for it for a long time. 答案：has been able to finish 解析：由时间标志词“for a long time”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，强调能力时现在完成时需用 “have/has been able to”结构，主语为三单，助动词用has。 真题2（单项选择)： -youthis problem yet? -Yes,I can solve it now. A.Can;solve B.Have;solved C.Did,solve D.Will;solve 答案：B 解析：由时间标志词“yet”可知，应用现在完成时；“can solve it now”表明现在有能力解决，暗示 过去的动作对现在的影响，现在完成时结构为“Have/Has+过去分词”，主语为you,助动词用Have, solve的过去分词为solved。 考法三：情态动词can与现在完成时的综合应用 核心：结合情态动词c表示能力/许可的用法，掌握现在完成时的主动/被动结构及时间标志词的 运用 真题1（单项选择)： -you_this novel yet?It's so popular among students. -No,but I borrow it from the library tomorrow. A.Have read can B.Did read could C.Will read may D.Do read must 答案：A 解析：由时间标志词“yet”可知第一句需用现在完成时，结构为“Have/Has+主语+过去分词”；第 二句表示“可以借书”，用情态动词can表许可，后接动词原形boIrow。 真题2（语法填空)： These children_(can finish)their homework already because they-(work)on it for two hours. 答案：can have finished,have been working 解析：第一空表示“能够完成”，结合“already”用情态动词can+现在完成时结构“can have+过 去分词”：第二空由“for two hours'”可知动作持续到现在，用现在完成进行时“have been+-现在分 词”。 解题小妙招 初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】8下Unit8 Review 情态动词can妙招 能力许可可能性，can表三义看语境： 疑问can放主语前，否定直接加not变can't: 原形跟在can之后，时态变化用be able: 现在完成能力时，have/has been able要牢记： 被动结构can在前，be加done莫忘记。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.My brotherplay basketball very well.He is on the school team. A can B can't Cmust Dmustn't 2.-I use your dictionary?I need to look up a word. -Sure,here you are. A Must B Should C Can D Need 3.Youswim in this river.It's dangerous. A can B can't Cneed D needn't 4.-Have you finished your homework? -Yes,I did it an hour ago. A already B yet Cnever D ever 5.They_in this city since 2018. A live B lived C have lived D will live 6.This math problem by most students because it's too easy. A can solve B can be solved C must solve D must be solved 7.-you everto the Great Wall? -Yes,I went there last year. A Have;been B Did;go C Will;go D Are;going 8.Shespeak English now because she has practiced for three years. A can B could C has been able to D will be able to 9.The bookout of the library.It's a rule. A can take B can't take C can be taken D can't be taken 10.-Why are you late? -My bike broke down,so Iwalk here. A can B had to C can't D needn't 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 初中教科版（五四制）》 【寒假专版】 8下Unit8 Review 1.-Can you(ride)a horse? -No,I. 2.We(not finish)our project yet.We need more time. 3.My mother(cook)dinner for 30 minutes.It will be ready soon. 4.These photos(can take)with my new camera.They look beautiful. 5.-Have you(see)the movie *The Wandering Earth*? -Yes,I saw it last month. 6.Tom(can not swim)when he was five,but now he(swim)very well. 7.The classroom(clean)every day.We must keep it tidy 8.My father(work)in this factory since 2005. 9.-(can)you help me carry this box?It's too heavy. —Of course. 10.The lost wallet(find)in the park yesterday. 演练三：语法填空（共10空) Linda is a student in Grade 8.She_(1.love)English and_(2.can speak)it fluently.Her teacher often says she_(3.be)a good English speaker in the future Linda(4.study)English for five years.She(5.already learn)2000 words.Last week,her teacher asked her to join an English speech contest.She was nervous at first,but she(6.prepare)for it carefully. She(7.practice)her speech every day for a week. Yesterday,the contest(8.hold)in the school hall.Linda did very well and won first prize.Her parents were proud of her.Now,she(9.believe)that she(10.can achieve)more if she keeps working hard. 答案区 演练一： 1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C 6.B7.A8.C9.D10.B 演练二： 1.ride;can't 2.haven't finished 3.has been cooking 4.can be taken 5.seen 6.couldn't swim;can swim 7.is cleaned 8.has worked 9.Can 10.was found 演练三： 1.loves 2.can speak 3.will be 4.has studied 6 初中教科版（五四制） 【寒假专版】8下Unit8 Review 5.has already learned 6.prepared 7.practiced 8.was held 9.believes 10.can achieve 7