专项复习：动词短语系统复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 专项复习 【专题】动词短语系统复习 北师大版9年级语法专项 考频分析 初三北师大版中，动词短语是重点语法模块，考频占词法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷所有核心题 型：单项选择2-3题、完形填空3-4题、语法填空23题、书面表达核心考察，直接影响句子完整 性与准确性。在语境理解类题目中，动词短语的固定搭配、词义辨析及语境运用往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。动词短语分类应用：动词+副词、动词+介词、动词+名词+介词等结构辨析，及物与不及物短语 的功能差异 ·动词短语时态与语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在完成时中动词短语的时态变化， 主动语态与被动语态中动词短语的结构转换 ·动词短语固定搭配与语境应用：不同动词与同一介词/副词搭配的含义辨析，同一动词与不同介词/副 词搭配的语义区别，结合具体语境选择恰当动词短语 知识点一：动词短语系统复习 1.动词短语的构成方式 1.动词+副词：put up(张贴)、take off(脱下/起飞) Please put up the map on the wall.The plane will take off in ten minutes. 2.动词+介词：look for(寻找)、listen to(听) She is looking for her lost key./We should listen to the teacher carefully. 3.动词+副词+介词：come up with(想出)、run out of(用完) 例句：He came up with a good idea./They have run out of water. 4.动词+名词+介词：pay attention to(注意)、take care of(照顾) You must pay attention to your pronunciation./I need to take care of my little sister. 2.动词短语的意义特点 1 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 1.意义整体性：动词短语的含义往往不等于各组成部分的简单相加，如break down表示”（机器）出 故障分解，而非”打破向下” 例句：My car broke down on the way to school. 2.语境依赖性：同一动词短语在不同语境中可能有不同含义，如tuo可表示”打开（电器）”或”使 感兴趣 例句：Please turn on the light../The story turned her on to reading. 3.动词短语的用法注意事项 1.及物性与宾语位置：”动词+副词”短语接代词作宾语时，代词需放在动词与副词中间：接名词作 宾语时，位置可前可后 例句：Give it up(不能说Give up it)./Put the book away/Put away the book, 2.时态与语态变化：动词短语变被动语态时，需保持短语的完整性，不可遗漏副词或介词 例句：The problem was worked out by him.(work out表”解决'，被动语态中out不可省略) 知识点二：动词短语的分类及用法 1.动词+介词（短语)（宾语只能放在介词后） 1.常见短语：look at(看)、listen to(听)、wait for(等待)、look after(照顾)、think about(考虑)、 agree with(同意) 2.结构特点：动词+介词→整体相当于及物动词，宾语必须置于介词之后（不可分开) 例句： l.She is looking at the blackboard carefully.(at是介词，宾语the blackboard放在介词后) 2.We should wait for our parents outside the school gate.(for是介词，宾语our parents放在介词后) 3.被动语态转换：直接将短语视为整体，按被动语态结构转换（主语为原短语的宾语） 例句： l.The blackboard is being looked at by her carefully.(原宾语the blackboard作主语，短语look at整 体保留，be+过去分词looked) 2.Our parents should be waited for by us outside the school gate.（原宾语our parents作主语，短语 wait for整体保留，be+过去分词waited) 2.动词+副词（短语)（宾语可前可后，代词作宾语必须放中间) 1.常见短语：put on(穿上)、take off(脱下)、入turn on(打开)、turn off(关闭)、pick up(捡起)、put away(收起) 2.结构特点：动词+副词→宾语为名词时，可放动词和副词之间或副词后：宾语为代词时，必须放 动词和副词中间 例句： 2 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 l.She put on her coat./She put her coat on.(名词宾语her coat位置可前可后) 2.He picked it up quickly.(代词宾语it必须放中间：pick it up,不可说pick up it) 3.被动语态转换：将原主动语态中的”动词+副词”视为整体，宾语变为主语，副词位置不变 例句： 1.Her coat was put on by her..(原宾语her coat作主语，副词on放过去分词后) 2.The lights were turned off by Tom just now.(原宾语the lights作主语，副词of放过去分词后) 3.动词+名词+介词（短语）（固定搭配，名词不可替换） 1.常见短语：take care of(照顾)、pay attention to(注意)、make use of(利用)、lose sight of(看不 见)、catch hold of(抓住) 2.结构特点：动词+名词+介词→整体为固定短语，名词是短语的核心部分，不可随意替换或省略 例句： l.We should take care of the old people.(take care of固定搭配，care不可省略) 2.You must pay attention to your pronunciation.(pay attention to固定搭配，attention不可替换) 3.被动语态转换：将”动词+名词+介词’整体视为及物动词短语，宾语变为主语，结构为”主语+be +动词过去分词+名词+介词+by+动作执行者” 例句： 1.The old people should be taken care of by us.(原宾语the old people作主语，take care of整体保 留，be+过去分词taken) 2.Your pronunciation must be paid attention to by you.(原宾语your pronunciation作主语，pay attention to整体保留，bet过去分词paid) 4.动词+形容词+介词（短语）（形容词描述主语或宾语的状态） l.常见短语：be interested in(对…感兴趣)、be good at(擅长…)、be afraid of(害怕…)、be proud of(为…自豪)be used to(习惯于…) 2.结构特点：动词（多为b动词）+形容词+介词→表示主语或宾语的状态或特征，介词后接名词、 代词或动名词 例句： l.She is interested in reading books.(interested描述主语she的状态，in后接动名词reading) 2.They are proud of their son.(proud描述主语they的状态，of后接名词their son) 3.被动语态转换：此类短语本身含b动词，被动语态需根据语境调整（多表示状态，被动含义较弱) 例句： l.Reading books is what she is interested in..（主系表结构，强调感兴趣的对象，无明显被动动作) 2.Their son is what they are proud of.(主系表结构，强调自豪的对象，无明显被动动作) 3 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 5.动词+不定式(todo)(表示具体动作或目的) 1.常见短语：want to do(想要做)、decide to do(决定做)、hope to do(希望做)、try to do(努力做)、 plan to do(计划做)、forget to do(忘记去做) 2.结构特点：动词+to0一→to为不定式符号，后接动词原形，不定式作宾语表示具体的、将要发生 的动作 例句： 1.He wants to buy a new bike.(to buy作want的宾语，表示具体想要做的动作) 2.They decided to visit the museum tomorrow.(to visit作decided的宾语，表示决定的具体内容) 3.被动语态转换：主动语态”主语+动词+todo”变被动时，常用it+be+过去分词+that从句'或 主语+be+动词过去分词+todo”(不定式逻辑主语可由for引出) 例句： 1.It is hoped that he will come tomorrow.（常见被动句型：It+be+过去分词+that从句) 2.He is wanted to come to the office.(主语he是不定式to come的逻辑主语，用'主语+be+过去 分词+todo”)》 6.动词+动名词(doing)(表示习惯、抽象动作或已完成的动作) I.常见短语：enjoy doing(喜欢做)、finish doing(完成做)、practice doing(练习做)、mind doing(介 意做)、keep doing(一直做)、avoid doing(避免做) 2.结构特点：动词+doig→动名词作宾语，表示习惯、抽象概念或已完成的动作，doing前可加形容 词性物主代词或名词所有格表逻辑主语 例句： l.She enjoys listening to music.(listening作enjoy的宾语，表示习惯爱好) 2.They finished doing their homework on time..(doing作finish的宾语，表示已完成的动作) 3.被动语态转换：动名词作宾语时，被动语态通常将原主动句的主语变by的宾语，动名词短语不变 例句： l.Listening to music is enjoyed by her..(原宾语listening to music作主语，be+过去分词enjoyed) 2.Doing their homework on time was finished by them.(原宾语doing their homework作主语，be+ 过去分词finished) 知识点三：动词短语系统复习 1.动词+副词构成的短语（中考必背） l.put up(张贴；搭建)一例句：We put up the posters on the wall 2.take off(脱下；起飞)一例句：He takes off his coat when he enters the room, 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 3.give away(赠送；分发)→例句：She gives away her old books to the library. 4.look up(查阅：抬头看)→例句：You can look up new words in the dictionary. 5.turn on(打开)→例句：Please turn on the light,it's too dark. 6.turn off(关闭)→例句：Don't forget to turn off the TV before leaving. 7.put away(收拾；放好)→例句：He puts away his toys after playing. 8.take up(开始从事；占据)→例句：She takes up painting as a hobby. 2.动词+介词构成的短语（中考核心) 1.look after（照顾)→例句：I need to look after my sick mother. 2.look for(寻找)例句：They are looking for their lost keys. 3.listen to(听)→例句：We should listen to the teacher carefully. 4.wait for(等待)→例句：She is waiting for the bus at the stop. 5.depend on(依靠；取决于)→例句：Success depends on hard work. 6.agree with（同意；与一致)→例句：I agree with your opinion,. 7.argue with(与…争论)→例句：They often argue with each other about small things. 8.pay for(支付)一例句：He pays for the book with his pocket money. 3.动词+名词+介词构成的短语（中考易错) l.take care of(照顾)一例句：Please take care of my pet while I'm away. 2.make fun of(嘲笑)→例句：It's not polite to make fun of others. 3.lose sight of(看不见)→例句：We lost sight of the bird in the sky. 4.catch hold of(抓住)→例句：He catches hold of the rope tightly. 5.play a role in(在…中起作用)→例句：Education plays a role in our life. 6.take part in(参加)→例句：She takes part in the school sports meeting every year. 7.make use of(利用)→例句：We should make use of time wisely.. &.have pity on(同情)→例句：People have pity on the homeless dog, 考法精析 考法一：动词短语辨析及用法 5 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 核心：根据动词短语的构成特点（动词+副词/介词等）及语境含义，判断正确搭配及宾语位置 真题1（语法填空）： Please_the lights when you leave the room.(turn off) 答案：turn off 解析：”turn off为动词+副词短语，表”关闭（电器）”，符合语境’离开房间时关灯”；宾语the lights”为名词，位置可置于短语中间或末尾，此处用原形mof。 真题2（完形填空）： She isher lost notebook in the classroom. A.looking for B.putting up C.taking off D.running out of 答案：A 解析：根据语境”丢失的笔记本”可知需填”寻找”，1 ook for”为动词+介词短语，符合句意；B项 张贴”、C项”脱下起飞”、D项”用完”均与语境不符。 考法二：动词短语与情态动词融合辨析 核心：结合语境判断情态动词的含义及动词短语的搭配与用法，需同时满足情态动词后的动词形式 要求和动词短语的固定结构。 真题1（语法填空）： You _(look)up the new words in the dictionary if you don't know them. 答案：should look 解析：根据语境”如果不认识新单词，你应该查字典”，表示建议用should:”查字典”是固定动词 短语look up,情态动词后接动词原形，所以填should look。 真题2（单项选择）： -Could you pleasethe lights before leaving the room? -Sure,I will. A.turn off B.turn on C.turn up D.turn down 答案：A 解析：根据”离开房间前”的语境，应是”关灯”，turn off表示”关闭”；could为情态动词，后接动词 原形，turn off为动词+副词结构，符合用法，所以选A。 考法三：动词短语中非谓语动词的被动语态转换 核心：结合动词短语的结构特点（如动词+副词、动词+介词等），判断非谓语动词（不定式、动 名词)在被动语态中的正确形式及位置。 真题1（单项选择)： The problem_by the students yesterday.They worked it out together. A.solves B.solved C.is solved D.was worked out 答案：D 解析：短语”work out'”表示”解决”，主语'the problem”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态：由时间标 志词'yesterday'可知用一般过去时，被动语态结构为"was+过去分词”，”work out'”作为动词短语需 整体保留，故答案为”was worked out'”。 6 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 真题2（语法填空)： Children should be told(put away)their toys after playing. 答案：to put away 解析："tell sb.to do sth.”变为被动语态时，结构为'sb.be told to do sth.”,此处”put away”为动词+ 副词短语，不定式符号”to”后接动词原形，故填'to put away”。 解题小妙招 动词短语解题妙招 动词短语看搭配，副词介词要辨清：名词宾语可中尾，代词宾格放中间： 语境含义是关键，动词词义先对应。 情态动词融短语，语气含义先确定：情态之后接原形，动词短语结构明； 结合语境辨词义，搭配用法两不扔。 综合运用看三素，短语搭配先锁定：情态动词表语气，后接原形要记清： 非谓形式看搭配，to do doing分情形；give up后接doing,advise之后todo跟；suggest doing是固 定，结合选项定答案。 真题演练 演练一：单项选择试题 1.She_speak three languages when she was in college A.can B.could C.may D.might 2.You _turn off the lights before leaving the room A.should B.mustn't C.need D.would 3.My mother often tells me_too much time playing computer games A.not to spend B.to not spend C.don't spend D.not spend 4.The problem_by the teacher yesterday A.was worked out B.worked out C.was working out D.was work out 5.Could you please help me-the book on the shelf A.put up B.look for C.put away D.run out of 6.We are looking forward to_you next week A.meet B.meeting C.met D.meets 7.He_be at home now because the door is locked A.can't B.mustn't C.needn't D.shouldn't 8.Let's_a walk after dinner,shall we A.take B.to take C.taking D.took > 9年级专项复习北师大版 【动词短语专项】 系统复习与真题突破 9.You_pay attention to your pronunciation when speaking English A.may B.should C.could D.might 10.The doctor advised him_more exercise and give up_ A.to take;smoking B.taking;to smoke C.take;smoke D.to take;smoke 演练二：填空试题 1.Please(turn on)the radio,I want to listen to the news 2.She_(can)swim very well when she was young 3.My father often tells me_(study)hard at school 4.We should try-(help)people in need 5.The light is on,so he(must)be in the room 6.They have_(run out of)all the money 7.You'd better _(not be)late for class 8.He enjoys_(play)basketball with his friends 9.Could you please(look after)my pet dog while I'm away 10.It's important_(learn)English well 演练三：语法填空试题 Tom is a student in Grade 9.He-(have)a lot of homework to do every day,but he still finds time to help others.Last week,he_(see)an old man fall down on the street.He immediately ran to help and(ask) others_(call)an ambulance.The doctor said the old man_(must)stay in hospital for a few days.Tom decided_(visit)him every day after school.He also suggested(bring)some books for the old man (read). The old man was very grateful.He told Tom that he-(can)play chess well when he was young.So Tom began_(learn)to play chess from him.They became good friends soon. 答案区 演练-：1B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.B7.A8.A9B10.A 1.turn on 2.could 3.to study 4.to help 5.must 6.run out of 7.not be 8.playing 9.look after 10.to learn 演练三：1has2.saw3.asked4.to call5.must6.to visit7,bringing8.to read9.could10.to learn P