专项复习：定语从句系统复习-2025-2026学年九年级英语全一册语法知识点全解（北师大版）

9年级专项复习 北师大版定语从句系统复习 专项复习 定语从句系统复习 语法专项突破 考频分析 初三北师大版中，定语从句是重点语法模块，考频占句法总量的15%左右，贯穿试卷核心题型：单 项选择(2-3题)、完形填空(2-3题)、语法填空(1-2题)、书面表达（核心考察，直接影响句子结 构的丰富性与逻辑性)。在语境理解类题目中，关系代词与关系副词的选择、定语从句的时态呼应 及限定性与非限定性定语从句的辨析往往是解题关键。 考查内容 。关系代词与关系副词：that、which、who、whom、whose、when、where.、why的指代对象与句法功 能辨析 ·限定性与非限定性定语从句：结构特征（逗号使用）、语义差异及适用语境 。定语从句与先行词的一致性：关系代词在从句中作主语时主谓一致原则，以及特殊先行词（如不定 代词、时间/地点名词)的引导词选择 知识点一：定语从句的构成及基础用法 1.基本结构（先行词+关系词+从句） 1.先行词：被修饰的名词/代词（人/物/时间/地点/原因） 2.关系词：连接主句和从句，指代先行词并在从句中作成分 ·指人：who(作主语/宾语)、whom(作宾语)、whose(作定语) 。指物：which(作主语/宾语)、that(作主语/宾语，可指人/物) 3.例句 l.This is the girl who helped me.(who指人，作从句主语) 2.The book which I bought yesterday is interesting.(which指物，作从句宾语) 2.关系代词that的特殊用法 9年级专项复习 北师大版定语从句系统复习 l.先行词被序数词/最高级/不定代词修饰时：This is the first movie that I watched this year. 2.先行词既指人又指物时：We talked about the teachers and schools that we visited. 3.主句以who/which开头的疑问句中：Who is the boy that is playing basketball? 3.关系副词的用法（在从句中作状语） 1.when(指时间，先行词为时间名词)：I still remember the day when we first met. 2.where(指地点，先行词为地点名词)：This is the park where we had a picnic. 3.why(指原因，先行词为reason):Tell me the reason why you were late. 4.定语从句的省略规则 l.关系代词作从句宾语时可省略：The story(which)she told me was very funny. 2.关系代词在介词后作宾语时不可省略：This is the house in which he lived.(不可省略which) 知识点二：定语从句基础与应用 1.定语从句的构成（修饰名词/代词的从句） 1.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词（通常位于从句前） 例：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister..(先行词为the girl) 2.关系词：连接主句和从句，代替先行词在从句中充当成分 分类：关系代词(who,whom,whose,which,that)、关系副词(where,when,why) 2.关系代词的用法 1.who(指人，作主语/宾语) 作主语：The teacher who teaches us English is very kind.(who指代the teacher,在从句中作主语) 作宾语（可省略）：The boy(who)we met yesterday is Tom.(who指代the boy,在从句中作met的宾 语) 2.whom(指人，作宾语，可省略或用who替换) 例：The man whom/who we talked to just now is a doctor.(whom指代the man,作talked to的宾语) 3.whose（指人/物，作定语，表“.的”) 指人：This is the girl whose father is a pilot..(whose修饰father,表“女孩的父亲”) 指物：I have a book whose cover is blue.(whose修饰cover.,表“书的封面") 4.which（指物，作主语/宾语) 作主语：The book which lies on the desk is mine.(which指代the book,在从句中作主语) 作宾语（可省略）：The pen(which)I bought yesterday is lost.(which指代the pen,作bought的宾语) 9年级专项复习 北师大版定语从句系统复习 5.hat(指人/物，作主语/宾语，可替换who/which,但以下情况只用ht) 先行词被最高级/序数词修饰：This is the best movie that I have ever seen,. 先行词为all,something,nothing等不定代词：There is nothing that can stop us. 先行词有人又有物：We talked about the teachers and schools that we visited. 3.关系副词的用法 1.where(指地点，在从句中作地点状语，=介词+which) 例：This is the city where I was born.(where指代in the city,=in which) 2.when(指时间，在从句中作时间状语，=介词+which) 例：I still remember the day when we first met..(when指代on the day,=on which) 3.why(指原因，在从句中作原因状语，=for which,先行词通常为reason) 例：Do you know the reason why he was late??(why指代for the reason,=for which) 4.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别 1.限制性定语从句（不可省略，无逗号）：修饰先行词，明确其范围 例：The students who are from Class3 will go first.(限定“来自三班的学生”) 2.非限制性定语从句（可省略，有逗号，通常用which指物，who指人，不用that) 例：My brother,.who is a doctor,works in Beijing.(补充说明“我哥哥是医生”，去掉后主句仍完整) 知识点三：定语从句 1.关系代词引导的定语从句（中考核心） l.who(指人，作主语/宾语)→例句：The girl who is wearing a red coat is my sister..(作主语) 2.whom(指人，作宾语，可省略)→例句：The boy whom you met yesterday is Tom.(作宾语) 3.which(指物，作主语/宾语)→例句：This is the book which I bought last week.(作宾语) 4.that(指人/物，作主语/宾语，先行词为不定代词或被最高级修饰时用)→例句：He is the best student that I have ever taught.(指人，先行词被最高级修饰) 5.whose(指人/物，作定语，表示“的”)→例句：Do you know the girl whose father is a doctor? (指人) 2.关系副词引导的定语从句（中考常考） I.when(指时间，在从句中作时间状语)→例句：I still remember the day when we first met. 2.where(指地点，在从句中作地点状语)→例句：This is the school where I studied three years ago. 3.why(指原因，在从句中作原因状语，先行词通常为reason)→例句：Tell me the reason why you were late 3 9年级专项复习 北师大版 定语从句系统复习 3.定语从句的特殊用法（中考易错） 1.关系代词的省略（中考高频）：当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略→例句：The book(which/.hat) I borrowed from the library is very interesting. 2.介词+关系代词（中考难点）：介词后指人用whom,指物用which→例句：This is the girl with whom I went shopping yesterday./The house in which he lives is very big. 3.限制性与非限制性定语从句（中考区分）：限制性定语从句无逗号，不可省略：非限制性定语从句 有逗号，可省略，指物用which(不用that)→例句：My brother,who is a teacher,.lives in Beijing.(非 限制性，指人) 考法精析 考法一：关系代词that的特殊用法 核心：识别先行词被序数词、最高级、不定代词修饰，或先行词既指人又指物，或主句以who/which 开头时，使用关系代词that引导定语从句 真题1（语法填空）： This is the most interesting story_I have ever read. 答案：that 解析：先行词stoy被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词需用that。 真题2（单项选择）： We talked about the things and persons-we met during the trip. A.who B.which C.that D.whom 答案：C 解析：先行词the things and persons既指物又指人，关系代词需用that。 考法二：定语从句关系词综合运用 核心：结合不同先行词类型（人/物/时间/地点）及从句成分（主语/宾语/状语），选择恰当的关系代 词或关系副词 真题1（语法填空）： I still remember the day we first met in the park. 答案：when 解析：先行词day为时间名词，从句中不缺主语或宾语，需要关系副词作时间状语，故填when。 真题2（单项选择)： This is the girlmother is a famous writer. A.who B.whose C.which D.whom 答案：B 解析：从句中mother前缺少定语，需用whose表示所属关系，指代“女孩的”，故填whose。 真题3（句子改错)： 4 9年级专项复习 北师大版 定语从句系统复习 错误：The book which I bought it yesterday is very interesting 答案：去掉it 解析：关系代词which已在从句中作bought的宾语，从句中不可重复使用代词it,故删除it。 考法三：定语从句中关系词的综合运用及特殊结构辨析 核心：结合先行词特征、从句成分及特殊结构（如介词+关系代词、不定代词+of which/whom)选 择正确关系词，区分限制性与非限制性定语从句的用法差异 真题1（单项选择）： The town_we visited last summer is famous for its old buildings,_roofs are all red. A.which whose B.where of which C.that which D.what their 答案：A 解析：第一空先行词“towm”指物，从句中“visited”缺宾语，用关系代词which/that:第二空先行 词“buildings”与“roofs'”为所属关系，用whose表“的”，符合“whose+名词”结构，等同 于“the roofs of which”。 真题2（语法填空）： I have two brothers,both of_are teachers.They work in a school_was built in 1990. 答案：whom that 解析：第一空“both of whom”构成“不定代词+of件关系代词”结构，先行词“brothers”指人，用 whom;第二空先行词“school”指物，从句中“was built”缺主语，且无逗号分隔，用that/which, 此处因前面有逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句，为避免重复用ht更规范。 解题小妙招 定语从句解题妙招 hat用法记特殊，序高不定人+物： 先行词为人或物，主宾用that或which: 时间地点作状语，when where来帮你： 所属关系用whose,指代人或物都行： 从句成分要分析，主宾用代副状语： which指代物和事，who whom指人别混淆： 非限不用that引导，逗号隔开要记牢： 介词加代有讲究，which whom紧跟后： 定从同位要区分，that成分是关键： 强调句型it is that,.去掉句子仍完整。 9年级专项复习 北师大版定语从句系统复习 真题演练 演练一：单项选择（共10题） 1.This is the best movieI have ever watched. A.who B.which C.that D.whom 2.We talked about the teachers and schools we visited last month. A.who B.which C.that D.where 3.The girl_hair is black comes from Japan. A.who B.whose C.which D.whom 4.I still remember the daywe first went to the zoo. A.when B.where C.which D.that 5.Beijing,is the capital of China,has a long history. A.who B.that C.which D.where 6.This is the pen_I wrote the letter. A.which B.with which C.where D.when 7.He has three sisters,one of_is a doctor. A.who B.whom C.which D.that 8.The news_our team won the game made us happy. A.that B.which C.who D.when 9.It was the park-we had a picnic last Sunday. A.that B.where C.which D.when 10.I don't like the way-he speaks to his parents. A.in which B.who C.where D.when 演练二：填空试题（共10题） 1.The book(which/that)I bought yesterday is very interesting. 2.This is the girlhelped me with my English. 3.I live in a house_windows face south 4.Tell me the reason_you were late for school. 5.We visited a factory_makes computers last week. 6.The story_she told me was very funny. 7.My father,is a teacher,works in a middle school. 8.This is the first timeIhave been to Beijing. 9.I'll never forget the year_Ijoined the club. 6 9年级专项复习 北师大版 定语从句系统复习 10.He has many books,some_are about science. 演练三：语法填空（共10空） 1.Tom lives in a small town-(1)has a long history. 2.The town,_(2)is surrounded by mountains,is famous for its old buildings. 3.Last year,Tom visited the museum(3)he saw many ancient coins. 4.Some of(4)date back to the Tang Dynasty. 5.The guide_(5)showed them around told a story_(6)made everyone laugh. 6.Tom was interested in the story_(7)the guide explained. 7.Later,Tom met a girl_(8)father is a historian. 8.The girl,_(9)is only 12,knows a lot about the town's history. 9.Tom said it was the most interesting trip-(10)he had ever had. 答案区 演练-：1.C2.C3B4.A5.C6B7.B8.A9.B10.A 演练二：1.which//that(可省略)2.who/that3.whose4.why5.which/that6.which/.that(可省略)7.who 8.that 9.in which/when 10.of which 1.which/that 2.which 3.where 4.which 5.who/that 6.which/that 7.which/that 8.whose 9.who 10.that 7