上海市上海大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月诊断测试英语试卷

上海市上海大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期9月诊断测试 英语试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A(10分） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Wildlife in Decline The populations of Earth’s wild vertebrates have declined by 58% over the past four decades, according to the Living Planet Report 2016 published by the World Wildlife Fund. Climate change and activities such as deforestation and poaching are in large part ___1___ (blame) for the decline. If the trend continues, by 2030, the world ___2___ (lose) two- thirds of its vertebrate biodiversity. “Sadly, there is no sign yet___3___ this rate will decrease,” the report says. “Across land, fresh water and the oceans, human activities are forcing wildlife populations to the edge,” says Marco Lambertini, director-general of WWF International. The Living Planet Report is published every two years. It aims to provide an assessment of the state of the world’s wildlife. The 2016 study included 3700 different species of birds, fish, mammals, amphibians and reptiles around the world. The team collected data from more than 3000 sources, including government statistics and surveys ___4___ (carry) out by conservation groups. They then analyzed ___5___ the population sizes had changed over time. Lambertini said some groups of animals had done worse than others. “We do see particularly strong declines ___6___ the freshwater environment. For freshwater species alone, the decline stands at 81% since 1970. This is related to the way that water __7___ (use) and taken out of freshwater systems, and also to the fragmentation (分裂) of freshwater systems through dam building, for example.” The report also highlighted other species, such as African elephants, ___8___ have suffered huge declines in recent years, and sharks, which are threatened by overfishing. ___9___ all the terrifying facts, however, some conservationists say there is still hope. “One of the things that I think is the most important is that these wild animals haven’t yet gone extinct,” said Robin Freeman, head of the Zoological Society of London. “On the whole, __10___ are not dying out, and that means we still have opportunities to do something about the decline.” Section B (10分） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only by used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．characteristics B．diverse C．employ D．function E. issue F. integration G. hit H. military I. potential J. schemes K. wearers Future Fashion: Biometric Bodysuits A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built prototypes (原型) of biometric bodysuits. They can detect chemical attacks, deliver drugs to their___11_____, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The ___12____version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a lightweight source of power for the soldier’s equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart or blood pressure, deliver interactive games or simply work as a wearable computer. You will even be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should___13____the market within a few years. Frederic Zenhausern, director of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at ASU, has joined with Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of “biometric bodysuits” that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such “smart” clothing could ___14____ future soldiers early warning of chemical attacks or automatically deliver insulin to diabetics, Zenhausemn said. “The biometric bodysuit shows how electronics and fluidics (流体学) can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of____15____tasks, from highly functional to the aesthetic.” he said. The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different____16___. Its biometric outfit demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health. It is made of clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and fluidic devices. In the future, such an outfit could diagnose diseases and deliver medications to the wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of entertainment or___17_____as a wearable computer. Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabric could change colors and patterns, Zenhausern said. And it could all be made to look stylish by the __18____ of electronics and high-fashion designs, he said. In fact, the concept of embedding microelectronics in fabrics has ___19_____ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy, a Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design, sees possibilities to ___20_____the technology in building design. As an example, she said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管) could produce electricity from sunlight that would help generate power. II. Reading Comprehension Section A（15分） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank the word or phrase that best fits the context. The number of the best How big should a business team be? It is an enormously important issue for companies. Teams that are too small may ____21____ the skills required to get the job done; teams that are too big may be impossible to co-ordinate. Similar trade-offs may apply when it comes to firms as a whole. Start-ups are often short of staff. The founders must play a host of different ____22____, from obtaining finance to product development and marketing, for which they may not be equally suited. But the ____23____ is that they can have highly collaborative working environments. People who have worked for start-ups say the culture changes when the company reaches a certain ____24____. Patty Mc Cord, formerly of Netflix, referred to the “stand-on-a-chair number”—the biggest group that can easily hear the boss ____25____ them. Robin Dunbar, an anthropologist (人类学家) at Oxford University, has done a lot of work on primate groups. His argument is that the size of the group is linked to the size of the brain. With their large brains, humans can cope with larger bands. A larger social group has many advantages, ____26____ greater protection and specialization. Whereas 150 is sometimes referred to as the “Dunbar number”, the academic himself in fact refers to a range of ____27____. He observes that humans tend to have five intimate friends, 15 or so good friends, around 50 social friends and 150-odd acquaintances. Running a larger network can be difficult. So much time is needed to maintain relationships that their quality inevitably ____28____. The armed forces have spent millennia experimenting with unit size. A Roman centurion (百人队长) oversaw 100. The modern American army company has 180 members. Britain’s equivalent numbers 120. These are rough estimates, rather than rigid figures. But it is striking that many group activities seem to be ____29____ a Dunbar number. The Special Air Service, Britain’s elite fighting unit, has four-man patrols; when your life depends on it, you need to have absolute ___30___ in your colleagues. As a result, such groups are limited in size. Sports-team sizes ___31___ the playing area. There are five players in a basketball side and six in ice hockey; outdoors there are 11 players in football and cricket teams, and 7- 15 in the various forms of rugby. Perhaps this is the optimal size for coaching purposes, or perhaps crowds would___32___ to distinguish individual players if teams were larger. Small work teams may also tend towards these two size ranges. “If you want a committee to ____33___ something, limit it to four to five people,” says Mr Dunbar. “But to brainstorm in a meeting, you need 12- 15.” Many companies use “agile” teams which draw employees from across the company; they tend to have between five and nine members. The modern company may settle on a ___34____with a small group of “core” workers and a larger group of contract workers. The result may be more ___35__ within the core staff but the non-core staff may be less well treated. The small core teams may work effectively. The big question will be the effect on morale of those outside those teams. 21. A. demand B. lack C. cultivate D. sharpen 22. A. roles B. games C. cards D. missions 23. A. truth B. point C. upside D. goal 24. A. height B. level C. size D. degree 25. A. phone B. contact C. criticize D. address 26. A. calling for B. allowing for C. hoping for D. paying for 27. A. records B. networks C. circles D. figures 28. A. suffers B. thrives C. denied D. functions 29. A. similar with B. close to C. interested in D. equal to 30. A. trust B. will C. right D. advance 31. A. result in B. relate to C. arise from D. contribute to 32. A. rush B. compete C. struggle D. refuse 33. A. discuss B. decide C. judge D. facilitate 34. A. method B. scale C. level D. model 35. A. agreement B. innovation C. influence D. cooperation Section B（22分） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) “Are you all right?” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of my last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph.D．program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.” It set me thinking a lot. As a first-year Ph.D．student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of, I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my group. I noticed that most of the people around me seemed to be working all the time. I began to spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab. But my strategy didn’t work. I crashed from burnout. The tiredness took a toll on my productivity and motivation. During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable. From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Eventually, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about. I noticed that having more time for myself made me more rested and motivated when I went back to work. I continued quietly along this path for years, until that conversation in the hallway. So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph.D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine. 36. What can we learn about the student? A.He spent much time in lab work. B．He had finished the Ph.D. program. C．He was concerned about the author. D．He was putting in extra hours at night. 37. How does the author feel about his work at first? A. anxious B. ambitious C. dissatisfied D. enthusiastic. 38. Which can replace the underlined phrase “took a toll on” in Para. 3? A. added fuel to B. had a negative impact on. C. cast new light on D. depended too much on. 39. What does the author intend to tell us? A．A healthy work-life balance counts. B．A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit. C．Fitting in doesn’t mean working overtime. D．Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. (B) Modern Services When you're working a full-time job, studying or on the hunt for work, life can feel exhausting. The good news is that modern technology has made life easier in many ways, and with the following services, you' ll find you have more time and energy for the things that matter. Meal kit delivery services Meal kit delivery services are one of the most underestimated innovations of the 21st century. How they work is simple. At the beginning you choose how many people need to eat in your household. Then, what your dietary requirements are, and any other preferences. Finally, you get to choose which meal kits will be delivered to your door. No matter your diet, you can have an appropriate meal kit delivered. For example, check out these low carb meal delivery options. The kit comes complete with all the ingredients you need, already prepared. All you have to do is to follow the simple recipe to put them together and pop your meal in the oven. With meal kit delivery, you don’t have to worry about cooking or spending money on takeout. Your trips to the grocery store will become easier and you’ll waste less money and food. Task Rabbit One of the most frustrating aspects of having a place you call your own is that you have to take care of the maintenance. Even if you are renting, there are certain tasks that your landlord will expect you to see to, whether a leaky tap or a problematic electrical appliance. For this, Task Rabbit connects you with freelancers who are willing to take on just about any task for you. You can hire someone to take care of your leaky tap rather than spending your own time and energy doing it. You’re giving someone work while enjoying your time off. Postmates Finally, one of the most convenient and useful services is, of course, Postmates. With Postmates, you can get just about anything delivered or deliver something yourself. You can get someone to do your groceries for you — simply make a list of what you need and choose whether the shopper should call you if something is out or if they can decide on replacements themselves. You can also use it for takeout, to send or receive documents, and any other delivery needs you have. We live in an age of convenience, and we should take advantage of it. Start using the above services and you’ll see your stress levels drop. 40.What will people first do to enjoy Meal kit delivery services? A. To check out some options. B. To pop your meal in the oven. C. To confirm the exact number of people. D. To follow the simple recipe to put them together. 41.Which of the following is TRUE about the three modem services? A.Task Rabbit connects your landlord with freelances who are willing to take care of maintenance. B.With your permission on Postmates, the delivery man can decide on replacements themselves. C.The three services can make people easily enjoy their lives and help them save money. D.The three services can help people feel less stressful and appeal to young people. 42.Where is the passage most likely to be taken from? A. A magazine B. A book review C. A novel D. An instruction manual. (C) If you’ve scrolled through your Facebook feed recently, you may have noticed something surprising: lots and lots of short videos. What makes this “Reels” feature strange is that it is hugely addictive, which I know quite well from my own personal experience. Last Friday, I took a break and hit on one short clip of someone making dinner and, well, the next time I looked up it was 20 minutes later and the blank document on my computer monitor was confirming to me that my work was still not done. However, as silly as it seems, Reels-is actually super important, and is at the centre of a major battle between the world’s largest tech firms. The format (格式) was first pioneered by TikTok-the Chinese-owned video app that has taken the world by storm since it launched in 2016. Today, TikTok has around 23 million UK users every month- including basically every person you know under the age of 25. And that fact has made Facebook and its parent company, Meta, very nervous indeed. As TikTok has continued to boom, Facebook has actually fallen in popularity among “Gen Z”. The reason Tik Tok has proven such a powerful challenger to Facebook’s social media dominance is almost entirely down to these sorts of short-form videos. The format is almost perfectly optimised to be as addictive as possible: Tik Tok’s app shows you a short-form video, and if you don’t like it, you can simply swipe it away and another one will start playing instantly. And because it is portrait, not landscape, videos look “right” when viewed on your phone. What’s also smart is that TikTok’s algorithm (算法) picks videos for you based on what you actually watch, and not what you say you want. Facebook isn’t the only app trying to do what TikTok does so well. Instagram, which is owned by Facebook’s parent company Meta, has integrated Reels even more aggressively into its app. And even Google is nervous, launching its own TikTok-style video section of YouTube(which it owns)a couple of years ago. As things stand, though TikTok currently maintains a healthy lead in the category, both YouTube and Facebook have deep pockets-so expect to see even more Reels and Shorts popping up in your feed as this intense battle continues to rage. You won’t be able to take your eyes off them. 43.Why did the author mention his own experience in paragraph 2? A.To illustrate the feature of short videos. B.To stress the importance of short videos. C.To prove his preference to short videos. D.To introduce the functions of short videos. 44. What do we know about TikTok according to the passage? A.It has shown the trend of the fall in popularity among “Gen Z”. B.It is perceived as a potential threat to Facebook’s social media dominance. C.Its number of registered UK users has reached 23 million since it launched in 2016. D.It underestimates the essential role of short videos in competition with large tech firms. 45. What makes the short videos on TikTok App so popular? A.The beautiful visual effects. B.The high video quality. C.The random recommendation. D.The quick switch between videos. 46. What is the message conveyed in the last paragraph? A. The short videos have a profound impact on our daily life. B. TikTok seems to be losing its advantage over short videos in the short run. C. YouTube and Facebook may encounter financial difficulties in developing Shorts. D. A growing number of tech firms have engaged in fierce competition for the short video market. Section C (8分） Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Batteries that store energy for those times is one pretty obvious solution. B. No one seriously questions the need for wind and solar power to be part of global energy strategy. C. The result is transformational. D. Yet not everyone is convinced current battery technology is up to the job. E. While computing power famously doubles every two years, battery performance has barely doubled in 20. F. Commercialisation may take a decade, though it could happen faster. Could a New Battery Solve Our Energy Problem? Researchers in the US have made headlines worldwide by developing a new type of battery that charges far faster and holds way more charge than today’s lithium cells (锂电池). It’s not just a terrific technology story, either. The team behind it is led by tech legend Prof John Goodenough of the University of Texas, Austin—the co-inventor of the original lithium-ion battery, and still doing brilliant work at the age of 94. ____47____ That’s why we’re still using 21st-Century gadgetry with one eye on battery, wondering if we can get to a charger before our device goes completely dead. This depressing state of affairs is more than simply inconvenient. If we’re to make the most of renewable energy, we need ways of coping with those times when the wind drops or there’s no sunshine. ____48____ Elon Musk, the billionaire boss of electric car company Tesla, certainly thinks so. He’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ in California, and is willing to put his money where his batteries are. ____49____ For example, one wind farm in Hawaii had three fires in its battery ‘farm’ within a year of opening. But now Goodenough and his team may have found the answer, by switching from lithium to sodium (钠). The lithium batteries that made Goodenough’s reputation contain a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which doesn’t respond well to rapid charging. One of Goodenough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that the answer lay in switching to solid electrolytes. The team has now managed to get a solid glass electrolyte to work with sodium, which is similar to lithium but far more common. ____50____ The battery has triple the charge of its lithium equivalent, it charges in minutes rather than hours, and it has a longer lifespan. Advances in energy storage are vital if renewable are going to reach their potential. The boundless energy of Goodenough—the Li-ion King himself—may just have found the solution just in time. III. Summary Writing （10分） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51.Will people reduce car use in 20 years？ Nowadays, the ownership of cars is no longer being recognized as a symbol of one’s wealth and social position. Tracking back to the past when only the rich were qualified to possess private cars, we couldn’t help marveling at the historic change such a convenient invention brought to people’s daily lives. Nevertheless, the increase in the number of car owners is spelling many negative effects. These rising problems also cause some people to predict that the use of cars might be reduced in two decades. Above all, the use of cars remarkably threatens our environment, if such a tendency is not brought under control in time, the Earth will no longer be a suitable place for humans to survive in the future. People have to face the consequence. It is a reality from which no one is able to escape. Every day, thousands of private cars are emitting tons of exhausted gas that seriously pollutes the air. The carbon dioxide leads to the worldwide greenhouse effect, which causes the sea level to rise and produces negative impacts on weather. In addition, more energy is being wasted because of the production of private cars. In order to build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society, people ought to reduce the use of cars. In fact, diversified measures are being taken by the government to limit the use of cars. If such a tendency continues, the effect will be shown in the near future. For example, to reach the goal of building a safe and harmonious society, Beijing Traffic Management Bureau has restricted regional traffic in rush hours on working days. A number of private cars are prohibited on no-driving-days. Last, the advancement of public transportation systems also helps change car owners’ way of travelling. Efforts are being made to construct more agreeable networks of buses, subways, trains and airplanes. In the meanwhile, advances in technology might help cut down the cost of travelling in public vehicles. IV. Translation （15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52.在这部电视剧里，他的表演浑然天成，备受赞誉。（appreciate） 53.我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) 54.这场创新的阅兵式留给观众深刻印象，提醒我们铭记历史,珍爱和平。（impress） 55.当你遇到意想不到的挑战时，当务之急是找到问题的关键和解决对策，而不是坐在那里自怨自艾。(rather than) V. Guided Writing（25 分） Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到好友Mike的邮件。在邮件中，Mike表示自己因为拖延症 (procrastination)而耽误了重要事情，想请你提一些建议，如何克服拖延症。回复一封邮件，内容须包括： 1）造成拖延症的原因和危害 2）你的建议 参考答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A（10分） 1.to blame 2. will have lost 3.that 4.carried 5.how 6.in 7.is used 8.which/that 9.Despite 10.they Section B (10分） 11．K 12．H 13．G 14．E【issue 此处为动词，表 “发布、发出（警报 / 通知）】15．B 16．A 17．D 18．F 19．I 20．C II. Reading Comprehension Section A (15分) 21-25 BACCD 26-30 BDABA 31-35 BCBDD Section B（22分） 36--39 CABA 40-42 CBA 43-46 ABDD Section C（8分） 47-50. EADC III. Summary Writing （10分） Despite its symbolization of wealth in the past and great changes to people’s life, cars have caused many negative effects. First, by emitting greenhouse gases, they threaten the environment. Besides, energy-consuming cars are not sustainable to the society. Therefore, the government has taken various measures like restrictions. Last, public transport is a good remedy thanks to the high-tech. (58words) IV. Translation （15分3+3+4+5=15分） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52.在这部电视剧里，他的表演浑然天成，备受赞誉。（appreciate） In this TV series (0.5) , his acting/performance (0.5) is completely natural（1）and highly appreciated （1）. 53.我们都没有想到，那个曾经腼腆的男孩竟然能在演讲比赛中一举夺魁。 (It) It never occurred to us that（1） the boy who used to be/was shy（1） should win the first prize in the speech contest（1）. 54.这场创新的阅兵式留给观众深刻印象，提醒我们铭记历史,珍爱和平。（impress） The innovative military parade（1）impressed the audience deeply/a lot （1）, which reminded us to/ served as a reminder to（1）remember history and value/cherish peace（1）. 55.当你遇到意想不到的挑战时，当务之急是找到问题的关键和解决对策，而不是坐在那里自怨自艾。(rather than) When you encounter unexpected challenges（1.5）, the priority is to find （1） the key to the problem and solutions（1）rather than sit around feeling sorry/pity for yourself.（1.5) V. Guided Writing （25 分） 略 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $