专题1 题型1 第3讲 阅读理解文体练(2) 课时作业-【优化探究】2026年高考英语二轮专题复习配套课件

记叙文 阅读理解文体练(二) 记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过任务事件来提炼，而这些往往会通过主要人物在面对冲突、解决困难或问题时的表现体现出来。记叙文阅读理解以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，以观点态度题、写作意图题、词义猜测题为辅。 A (2025·浙江名校联盟第一次联考)Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects.When I was five, my dog destroyed an ant nest and trying to make it up to them, I started building houses for ants, using little pieces of wood and leaves.I then moved on to making little cups and saucers from silver foil (箔) for the magical creatures.When seeing my work, my mother told me that the smaller I made things, the bigger my name would become. As the years went by, my designs became more complicated.Making sculptures isn't actually enjoyable.I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture.I have to hold my breath during the sculpting process. One time, a fly landed on a Cinderella carriage sculpture I was working on.The fly's wings blew it away, and it was lost.I was heartbroken.Another time, I accidentally breathed in a microscopic Alice from Alice in Wonderland.Alice is now in the Wonderland forever.But it did give me the chance to make an even better one the second time around. My sculptures have taken me to incredible places.In 2012, I met the Queen, giving her a crown on the head of a pin.In 2013, I received my first Guinness World Record for creating the smallest sculpture by hand, a 24-carat gold motorbike that fitted inside a hair.In 2017, I beat my record with a sculpture of a human fetus (胎儿) that measured 0.078 mm by 0.053 mm. I was diagnosed with autism (孤独症) as an adult.In school, my teachers had pointed me out as an example of failure; now, I see my autism as a gift.It's pushed me to be the best I can be.I hold workshops in schools for neurodiverse children, sharing my story and helping them create their own miniature figures. The microscopic world has always been my happy place.I've tried to make bigger sculptures, but small is best for me.We need to appreciate the little things in life.Small things can be mighty, too. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者因兴趣而开始制作微型雕塑。随着时间的推移，作者的雕塑越来越复杂。制作微型雕塑虽然耗时，但也让作者收获颇多，它让作者明白我们需要欣赏生活中的小事物，小事物也可以很强大。 1 2 3 4 1．What drove the author to make tiny sculptures at the beginning? A．His interest in insects. B．His desire to make his name. C．His dream of setting a record. D．His awareness of wildlife protection. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。第一段第一句“Growing up as a kid in the UK, I was fascinated by insects.”讲作者小时候对昆虫极感兴趣，接着讲在作者五岁时，作者的狗毁了一个蚁巢，为了补偿蚂蚁，作者开始为蚂蚁搭建小房子，然后为这些神奇的生物创建小茶杯和小茶碟。由此可知，作者对昆虫的兴趣驱使他开始制作微型雕塑。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2．Which of the following can best describe the author's sculpting process? A．Eventful and enjoyable. B．Complex and frustrating. C．Money-wasting but entertaining. D．Time-consuming but fulfilling. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。 根据第二段的内容，尤其是“I sometimes work for 16 hours a day without breaks, and it takes me up to three months to finish a sculpture.”可知，随着时间的推移，作者的设计越来越复杂，作者有时需要连续工作16个小时，完成一件雕塑需要花费作者3个月的时间，由此可知，雕刻过程是费时的；再根据第四段第一句和第六段第一句可知，作者的雕塑给作者带来了快乐，由此可知，雕刻让作者感到满足。故选D项。fulfilling“满足的，充实的”。 1 2 3 4 3．How does the author deal with his autism now? A．He receives medical treatment. B．He takes full advantage of it. C．He regards it as the source of failure. D．He shares it and asks help from others. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“now, I see my autism as a gift. It's pushed me to be the best I can be.”可知，现在，作者把自己的孤独症看作是一份礼物，它促使作者成为最好的自己。由此可知，作者现在在充分利用自己的孤独症。 1 2 3 4 4．What message does the author mainly convey through the text? A．Great art comes at a cost of loss. B．Childhood experiences sculpt a career. C．Minor things in life can carry weight. D．Hard work contributes to great achievements. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“We need to appreciate the little things in life. Small things can be mighty, too.”可知，作者制作微型雕塑，在这个过程中，作者明白了我们需要欣赏生活中的小事物，小事物也可以很强大，故选C项“生活中的小事物可以有很大的影响”。carry weight“有很大的影响”，是对文中mighty 一词的同义转换。 1 2 3 4 语料积累 必备 单词 Para.1：magical adj.奇妙的，令人愉快的；有魔力的 Para.2：sculpture n．雕像，雕塑品，雕刻品；雕刻术 Para.3：heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的，心碎的　microscopic adj.极小的，微小的，需用显微镜观察的 Para.4：incredible adj.不能相信的，难以置信的；极好的，极大的 Para.5：diagnose v．诊断，判断　miniature adj.很小的，微型的 Para.6：mighty adj.强而有力的；巨大的，非凡的 必备 短语 Para.1：make it up to...弥补/补偿…… Para.2：hold one's breath屏住呼吸，憋气 B (2025·安徽合肥第一次教学质检)It was my birthday, and I was celebrating it as I had for years: watching the annual Perseid meteor shower (流星雨). But this time, as the meteors flashed across the sky, I, a junior girl, began to question, “Could my lifelong love for astronomy be more than a hobby？” I grew up in a small town, where even graduating from high school was not a given for many students. But I was driven to pursue my education, and like my best friend's dad—a pharmacist (药剂师), one of the few professional role models in my neighborhood, therefore, I chose to major in pharmacy, the science of preparing medicines, at the University of North Carolina. The university was only a 3.5-hour drive away, but it felt across the universe. In the weeks since I began my pharmacy degree, I had met people with jobs and PhDs in different branches of science I had never considered—neuroscience, archaeology, and even astrophysics. Their passion and knowledge opened my eyes to worlds I had never imagined.As my birthday and the Perseid meteor shower approached, I was faced with a decision: Should I stick to my long-standing plans or take a step into the unknown? Ultimately, a solar eclipse (日食) helped me make my decision. As the Moon gradually shaded the Sun, the world darkened around me. The stillness of the water, the desperate calls of birds, and the fading sunset deeply moved me. I knew what I had to do. I dropped out of pharmacy school to pursue previously unimagined options. Facing years of challenges and growth, I worked odd jobs before earning a second degree in physics, starting a PhD in astronomy, and realized that the night sky's vastness inspired me to overcome doubts and follow my dreams. As I approach the final year of my PhD, I realize that growing up with the night sky gave me a valuable gift. It gave me an insight into life: On the scale of our vast universe, our individual needs, desires, fears, and insecurities shrink to insignificance, bringing humanity together. It liberated me from allowing earthly worries, shame, or self-doubt to stand in the way of pursuing new dreams. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。一个年轻女孩在生日那天观看流星雨时，开始思考自己对天文学的热爱是否进一步发展。在大学里，她接触到不同的人群，后来又被日食的情景启发，最终决定追求天文学的梦想。 5 6 7 8 5．What motivated the author to major in pharmacy? A．Her ambition to become a doctor. B．The encouragement of her friend. C．Her childhood passion for pharmacy. D．The influence of her best friend's father. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的pharmacy可将答案定位至第二段。根据第二段中的“I was driven to pursue my education, and like my best friend's dad—a pharmacist, one of the few professional role models in my neighborhood, therefore, I chose to major in pharmacy”可知，作者最好的朋友的父亲是一名药剂师，他是作者所在社区中为数不多的职业榜样之一，因此，她选择主修药剂学。所以作者是受到了好朋友的父亲的影响才主修药剂学。故选D。文中有逻辑关系词therefore。 5 6 7 8 6．How did the author's experience at university shape her? A．It helped her stick to her belief. B．It opened her mind to new ideas. C．It enhanced her pharmacy study. D．It developed her thinking abilities. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。 根据第三段中的“In the weeks since I began my pharmacy degree, I had met people...Their passion and knowledge opened my eyes to worlds I had never imagined.”可知，作者在大学期间遇到了来自不同职业的人和不同科学领域的博士，这些人的热情和学识让她看到了她从未想象过的世界。这表明大学经历开阔了她的眼界，使她接触到了新事物。故选B。 5 6 7 8 7．What can we learn from the author's understanding of life? A．Accepting insecurities helps us handle challenges. B．Personal problems still matter in the vast universe. C．It's vital to pursue dreams despite personal challenges. D．It is small and unimportant things that mean a lot to us. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。 文章最后一段描述了作者在追寻梦想的过程中的感悟，根据其中的“It gave me an insight into life...It liberated me from allowing earthly worries, shame, or self-doubt to stand in the way of pursuing new dreams.”可知，作者通过自己的经历认识到，在广阔的宇宙中，我们的个人需求、欲望、恐惧和不安全感都变得微不足道，这让全人类紧密相连。它让作者摆脱了尘世的担忧、羞愧或自我怀疑，不再让它们阻碍自己追寻新的梦想。这表明尽管面临个人挑战，追寻梦想仍然至关重要。故选C。 5 6 7 8 8．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Caring and patient. B．Modest and honest. C．Generous and helpful. D．Curious and determined. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，作者在大学期间，接触到了不同的人群，经过认真思考后决定要踏入新的领域，这体现出她对新事物充满好奇，愿意探索不同的可能性。根据最后一段中的“Facing years of challenges and growth, I worked odd jobs before earning a second degree in physics, starting a PhD in astronomy”可知，作者在决定追求天文梦想之后，面临了诸多挑战，并坚持了下来，坚定地朝着自己的目标前进，这充分体现了她意志坚定的品质。故选D。 5 6 7 8 语料积累 必备 单词 Para.2：given n．假设事实　pursue v．追求 Para.3：passion n．激情；酷爱 Para.4：ultimately adv.最终　shade v．给……遮挡(光线)　desperate adj.绝望的　previously adv.先前地　unimagined adj.没有想到过的，从未设想过的，想象不到的　option n．选择 Para.5：vastness n．浩瀚，广袤　insight n．洞悉　insecurity n．不安全，无保障　shrink v．缩减　insignificance n．不重要，无足轻重　liberate v．使自由，使摆脱约束(或限制) C (2025·山东济南质检)Despite being born without hands, 12-year-old Aubrey Sauvie has never let limitations hold her back.From mastering martial arts (武术) to expressing herself through art, she advances bravely in a world that often prioritizes physical ability. However, her passion for drumming presented a special barrier: How could she hold the drumsticks without them slipping out? Aware of Aubrey's problem, her band director proposed her for Tech Engineering for Kids, a program which is run through a junior-level engineering course of Tennessee Tech University. It involves students working in teams to design a form of custom assistive technology for children with special needs. Up to now, they have created toys and devices for children with sensory disorder. Learning about Aubrey's story, a team of ten engineering students of the program decided to create 3D-printed prostheses (义肢) specifically designed for drumming. They would send a certain design to Aubrey, who would then provide feedback, like “I think this is good, but it's a little bit long. Could it be shortened？” or “It's a little bit hot on my arm. Could you potentially, like, make it a little bit more breathable？”. The team created about six iterations of the prostheses until they were satisfied with the final product, which was not only hard-wearing but also flexible, allowing for drumstick attachments on both arms. This innovation not only improved sound quality but also provided the flexibility needed for advanced drumming techniques. Aubrey was very grateful for this technical solution.“I was really excited that I was going to be able to use the new prostheses and try them out，” she remarked.“They are becoming a very useful and creative tool to help me with my drumming.” With her newfound drumming freedom, Aubrey sets her sights on mastering a full drum set. Meanwhile, Tech Engineering for Kids readies itself to extend its reach, bridging the gap between limitations and ambitions through technology. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。12岁的Aubrey Sauvie 天生没有双手， Tech Engineering for Kids 项目的一些学生为她设计了3D打印义肢，使她能够操作乐器。这项技术为她提供了极大的帮助，也展示了技术是如何帮助人们实现梦想的。 9 10 11 12 9．What troubles Aubrey a lot? A．Lacking passion for sports. B．Having no talent for music. C．Inaccessibility to expert training. D．Inability to operate an instrument. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“being born without hands”和最后一句可知， Aubrey 面临的挑战是如何在没有手的情况下握住鼓槌而不让它们滑落，这表明她面临的主要问题是无法操作乐器。 10．What is Tech Engineering for Kids intended to do? A．Offer engineering courses. B．Design sustainable devices. C．Create personalized adaptive tools. D．Improve users' overall experience. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It involves students working in teams to design a form of custom assistive technology for children with special needs.”可知，Tech Engineering for Kids的目的是为有特殊需要的儿童设计个性化的辅助工具。故选C。 9 10 11 12 11．Which can replace the underlined word “iterations” in paragraph 3? A．Uses.　　　　　　　　 B．Versions. C．Materials. D．Kinds. 答案：B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“They would send a certain design to Aubrey...satisfied with the final product”可知，该团队把设计好的义肢给Aubrey使用，然后根据Aubrey提供的反馈意见重新设计，一共设计了六个版本的义肢。iteration意为“迭代”，在这里指的是设计的不同版本，version的意思与其相近。故选B。 9 10 11 12 12．What does the text mainly tell us? A．Limitations bring down people's creativity. B．Ambitions fuel the desires of the disabled. C．Science breaks down the barriers among people. D．Technology empowers people to pursue dreams. 答案：D 9 10 11 12 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Aubrey天生没有双手，她对打鼓的热情使她面临特殊的障碍：如何在没有双手的情况下握住鼓槌。田纳西科技大学Tech Engineering for Kids项目的一些学生为她设计了专门用于打鼓的3D打印义肢，使她能够操作乐器，帮助她继续追求梦想。 9 10 11 12 语料积累 必备 单词 Para.1：limitation n．局限(性)；限制；限度　prioritize v．优先处理 Para.2：propose v．提名，提出……供表决；提议，建议　assistive adj.为残疾人设计的 Para.3：feedback n．反馈意见　breathable adj.透气的　hard-wearing adj.经久耐用的　flexible adj.灵活的 Para.4：newfound adj.新发现的，新得到的 熟词 生义 Para.2：custom常用义：n.风俗，习俗，传统　文章义：adj.定制的，定做的 Para.4：ready常用义：adj.准备好(做某事)的　文章义：v.(为……)做好准备 bridge常用义：n.桥梁　文章义：v.弥合(差异)，消除(分歧) 必备 短语 Para.1：hold sb. back(使)犹豫，踌躇 Para.4：set one's sights on sth./doing sth.以……为奋斗目标，决心做到 长难句 分析 The team created about six iterations of the prostheses until they were satisfied with the final product，which was not only hard-wearing but also flexible，allowing for drumstick attachments on both arms.(Para.3) 分析：本句为主从复合句。句子主干为The team created about six iterations of the prostheses。句中until引导时间状语从句；which...on both arms为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the final product，其中allowing...arms为现在分词短语作结果状语。 译文：团队创造了大约六个版本的义肢，直到他们对最终产品感到满意。这个最终产品不仅耐磨，而且灵活，使在双臂上安装鼓槌附属物成为可能。 D (2025·广东二调)Last year, my husband and I decided to make our 12-storey building more of a community.We live in a small rented apartment in Parkmerced, a large housing development.I would call us lower-middle-class.A lot of nurses, bus drivers, and tradesmen live here, many of them 1st- or 2nd-generation immigrants (移民). We're all renters.Renters come and go and tend not to see the building they live in as their home.But it can be done.We started with a monthly two-hour social in the building lobby (前厅) on the second Friday of each month.Some people came, between 15 and 30 each time.The events lasted two hours, but there wasn't much to do besides talking, eating snacks and drinking juice.The socials were nice, but most residents gave them a miss. Then one day I was on the nearby campus of San Francisco State University.A young man from a social club for students had a big sign about “Building Community”．I asked him，“How do you do that？” He said they tried to get people to share something about themselves with at least one other person.That made a lot of sense to me. I bought a large world map.At the social, I taped it on the lobby wall with signs that said “Where We're From.Put a green sticker where you were born and yellow stickers where your grandparents were born.”People put up their stickers and saw where other people came from.We left the map up overnight, and the next day, Saturday, more people played.I planned to leave the map and stickers up for a month or more.They certainly made the lobby more interesting than it usually was. I see that there will be challenges, but I also know that a strong community will help us live good lives.I have the time and energy to do this work. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者为了让她所居住的社区的居民有归属感所做出的努力和取得的成就等。 13 14 15 16 13．What trouble did the author have building a community? A．The community was poor. B．She lacked money. C．Renters had no sense of belonging. D．Her neighbors were all immigrants. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We're all renters. Renters come and go and tend not to see the building they live in as their home.”可知，作者他们都是租户，而且流动性很大，他们往往不会把这栋楼当成自己的家，也就是说这些租户没有归属感。故选C项。文中的“tend not to see the building they live in as their home”与C项中的“had no sense of belonging”是同义转换。 13 14 15 16 14．How did the author find her earlier events? A．Fruitful. B．Ordinary. C．Inspiring. D．Messy. 答案：B 13 14 15 16 解析：观点态度题。根据第二段中的“The events lasted two hours, but there wasn't much...but most residents gave them a miss.”可知，这些活动持续两个小时，但是人们除了聊天、吃点心和喝果汁，也没做其他事。联谊会很不错，但是大多数居民不予理会。所以作者认为这些活动平淡无奇。故选B项。 13 14 15 16 15．What did the author do in order to change the socials? A．Adopt a sharing game. B．Add foods and drinks. C．Admit experienced locals. D．Ask some students for support. 答案：A 13 14 15 16 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，作者买了一张大的世界地图，在联谊会上把它固定在前厅的墙上，并配有这样的字样：我们来自哪里。把绿色的贴纸贴在你出生的地方，把黄色的贴纸贴在你(外)祖父母出生的地方。有人参与了游戏，且周六有更多人加入。所以作者采用了一个分享游戏。故选A项。 13 14 15 16 16．Which of the following best describes the author? A．Responsible and strict. B．Demanding and ambitious. C．Knowledgeable and modest. D．Insightful and determined. 答案：D 13 14 15 16 解析：推理判断题。作者小区里的居民全都是租户且没有归属感，作者和其丈夫决定让这里更像一个社区。由此可知，作者富有洞察力；再根据最后一段“I see that there will be challenges, but...do this work.”可知，作者明白会有挑战，但是也知道一个强大的社区会帮助他们过上好生活，而且作者有时间和精力去做这件事。由此可知，作者是坚定的。故选D项。 13 14 15 16 语料积累 必备 单词 Para.2：social n．联谊会，联欢会 Para.4：tape v．用胶带粘住　sticker n．粘贴标签，贴纸 必备 短语 Para.1：housing development住宅开发区 Para.3：make a lot of sense非常合理 感谢您的观看 $