Unit 1 单词表教师词汇备课 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

译林版七年级下册 Unit 1 单词表 教师备课材料 1. cottage 词性：名词 词义：村舍；小屋；（乡间的）小别墅 近义词：cabin, lodge, hut 反义词：mansion, palace 词性转换：cottager (n. 住村舍者) 常见搭配：thatched cottage (茅草屋), cottage industry (家庭手工业) 例句： They rented a cozy cottage by the lake for the summer. (他们在湖边租了一间舒适的村舍度夏。) The old cottage was surrounded by a beautiful garden. (那间老村舍被一个漂亮的花园环绕着。) 1. Many ________ (cottage) in the village earn a living from farming. (答案：cottagers；解析：此处作主语，需用名词复数，指“居住在村舍的人”。) 2. She prefers the simple life of a ________ (cottage). (答案：cottager；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“村舍居住者”。) 2. farmhouse 词性：名词 词义：农舍；农场住宅 近义词：farmstead 反义词：city apartment 词性转换：farm (n./v.) 常见搭配：old farmhouse (老农舍) 例句： The farmhouse has been in their family for generations. (这个农舍是他们家世代传下来的。) We had a delicious homemade meal at the farmhouse. (我们在农舍吃了一顿美味的家常饭。) 1. My grandfather used to ________ (farmhouse) this land. (答案：farm；解析：“used to”后需用动词原形，意为“耕种”。) 2. ________ (Farmhouse) is hard work but rewarding. (答案：Farming；解析：动名词作句子主语，意为“务农”。) 3. mobile 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 可移动的；流动的；易于移动的 n. 风铃；移动电话（非正式） 近义词：movable, portable (adj.) 反义词：fixed, immobile, stationary (adj.) 词性转换：mobility (n.), mobilize (v.) 常见搭配：mobile phone (手机), mobile library (流动图书馆) 例句： The clinic is mobile and serves several remote villages. (这个诊所是流动的，为几个偏远的村庄服务。) He hung a colourful mobile above the baby's cot. (他在婴儿床上方挂了一个彩色风铃。) 1. A car increases a person's ________ (mobile). (答案：mobility；解析：形容词性物主代词“a person's”后需用名词，意为“移动能力”。) 2. The government decided to ________ (mobile) the army reserves. (答案：mobilize；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“动员”。) 4. mobile home 词性：名词短语 词义：（通常指由汽车拖拉的）活动房屋 近义词：trailer, caravan 反义词：fixed residence 常见搭配：live in a mobile home (住在活动房屋里) 例句： They traveled across the country in their mobile home. (他们开着活动房屋游遍全国。) The mobile home park is located near the river. (活动房屋停车场位于河边。) 5. town 词性：名词 词义：镇；市镇；城镇居民 近义词：settlement, municipality 反义词：countryside, village (通常更小) 词性转换：township (n. 小镇区), townsfolk/townspeople (n. 镇民) 常见搭配：go to town (进城；大肆进行), town centre (镇中心) 例句： I grew up in a small town in the mountains. (我在山区的一个小镇长大。) The whole town is talking about the new factory. (全镇的人都在谈论新工厂。) 1. The ________ (town) gathered for the annual festival. (答案：townsfolk/townspeople；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用集合名词，指“镇民们”。) 2. This area is governed by a local ________ (town). (答案：township；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“local”后需用名词，意为“行政镇区”。) 6. town house 词性：名词短语 词义：联排房屋；城镇住宅（常指与邻居共享墙壁的房屋） 近义词：row house, terraced house 反义词：detached house (独立式住宅) 常见搭配：a modern town house (现代联排别墅) 例句： They bought a stylish town house in the city center. (他们在市中心买了一栋时尚的联排房屋。) The town houses on this street all look similar. (这条街上的联排房屋看起来都很相似。) 7. west 词性：名词/形容词/副词 词义：n. 西；西方 adj. 西方的；在西部的 adv. 向西 近义词：occident (n., 正式) 反义词：east 词性转换：western (adj.), westerly (adj./adv.) 常见搭配：the Wild West (蛮荒西部), west of (在……以西) 例句： The sun sets in the west. (太阳在西方落下。) They traveled west across the plains. (他们向西穿越平原。) 1. She loves reading ________ (west) novels about cowboys. (答案：western；解析：此处修饰名词“novels”，需用形容词，意为“西部的”。) 2. A ________ (west) wind is blowing from the sea. (答案：westerly；解析：此处修饰名词“wind”，需用形容词，意为“来自西面的”。) 8. hundred 词性：数词/名词 词义：一百；许多 近义词：century (一百年), a great many 词性转换：hundredth (第100), hundreds of (成百上千的) 常见搭配：one hundred percent (百分之百), hundreds of times (数百次) 例句： There are over a hundred students in the hall. (大厅里有一百多名学生。) Hundreds of people attended the concert. (数百人参加了音乐会。) 1. This is the ________ (hundred) anniversary of the school's founding. (答案：hundredth；解析：定冠词“the”后需用序数词，意为“第一百”。) 2. She has told me that story ________ (hundred) of times. (答案：hundreds；解析：固定搭配“hundreds of”，意为“好几百，许多”。) 9. study 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 学习；研究；仔细看 n. 学习；书房；研究 近义词：learn, research (v.); den, office (n. 书房) 反义词：ignore, neglect (v.) 词性转换：student (n.), studied (adj. 刻意的) 常见搭配：study hard (努力学习), case study (案例研究) 例句： He studies English every evening. (他每晚都学习英语。) Father is in his study, working. (父亲在书房里工作。) 1. Every ________ (study) must complete the assignment. (答案：student；解析：不定代词“Every”后需用名词，指“学生”。) 2. She answered with ________ (study) politeness, hiding her true feelings. (答案：studied；解析：此处修饰名词“politeness”，需用形容词，意为“刻意的，不自然的”。) 10. relaxing 词性：形容词 词义：令人放松的；轻松的 近义词：calming, soothing, restful 反义词：stressful, tense, tiring 词性转换：relax (v.), relaxed (adj. 感到放松的), relaxation (n.) 常见搭配：a relaxing holiday (轻松的假期) 例句： I find classical music very relaxing. (我觉得古典音乐非常令人放松。) We spent a relaxing afternoon by the pool. (我们在泳池边度过了一个轻松的下午。) 1. You need to find time to ________ (relaxing) and unwind. (答案：relax；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“放松”。) 2. After the massage, I felt completely ________ (relaxing). (答案：relaxed；解析：系动词“felt”后需用形容词作表语，描述人的感受，意为“感到放松的”。) 11. bedroom 词性：名词 词义：卧室 近义词：bedchamber (正式) 常见搭配：master bedroom (主卧室), bedroom community (卧城，居民在此睡觉但去别处工作) 例句： My bedroom faces the garden. (我的卧室面向花园。) There are three bedrooms in the apartment. (这套公寓有三间卧室。) 1. The cat likes to sleep at the foot of my ________ (bedroom). (答案：bed；解析：介词“of”和物主代词“my”后需用名词，意为“床”。) 2. The hotel room had two single ________ (bedroom). (答案：beds；解析：不定代词“two”后需用名词复数。) 12. own 词性：形容词/动词 词义：adj. 自己的；特有的 v. 拥有；承认 近义词：possess, have (v.); personal (adj.) 反义词：disown, renounce (v.) 词性转换：owner (n.), ownership (n.) 常见搭配：on one's own (独自), own up (坦白) 例句： She has her own car. (她有自己的车。) He owns a small business. (他拥有一家小企业。) 1. Who is the ________ (own) of this beautiful house? (答案：owner；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，指“所有者”。) 2. The ________ (own) of the land is under dispute. (答案：ownership；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“所有权”。) 13. south 词性：名词/形容词/副词 词义：n. 南；南方 adj. 南方的；在南部的 adv. 向南 反义词：north 词性转换：southern (adj.), southward(s) (adv.) 常见搭配：South Pole (南极), south wind (南风) 例句： Birds fly south for the winter. (鸟儿飞往南方过冬。) They live in south London. (他们住在伦敦南部。) 1. She comes from the ________ (south) part of the country. (答案：southern；解析：此处修饰名词“part”，需用形容词，意为“南部的”。) 2. We continued our journey ________ (south). (答案：southward(s)；解析：此处修饰动词“continued”，需用副词，意为“朝南”。) 14. balcony 词性：名词 词义：阳台；（剧院的）楼座 近义词：terrace, veranda 常见搭配：stand on the balcony (站在阳台上) 例句： We had breakfast on the balcony. (我们在阳台上吃了早餐。) Our seats were in the balcony of the theatre. (我们的座位在剧院的楼座。) 15. view 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 景色；观点；视野 v. 观看；看待；考虑 近义词：scenery, opinion (n.); regard, consider (v.) 词性转换：viewer (n.), review (v./n.) 常见搭配：point of view (观点), in view of (鉴于) 例句： The hotel room has a wonderful view of the sea. (酒店房间的海景很美。) How do you view the future of this project? (你如何看待这个项目的未来？) 1. The TV programme attracted millions of ________ (view). (答案：viewers；解析：不定代词“millions of”后需用名词复数，指“观众”。) 2. Could you please ________ (view) my report and give me feedback? (答案：review；解析：情态动词“Could”后需用动词原形，意为“审阅，评论”。) 16. mile 词性：名词 词义：英里 反义词：kilometer 词性转换：mileage (n. 里程；好处) 常见搭配：miles away (心不在焉), run a mile (避之不及) 例句： The school is about half a mile from here. (学校离这里大约半英里远。) We walked for miles along the beach. (我们沿着海滩走了好几英里。) 1. What's the ________ (mile) on your car? (答案：mileage；解析：疑问词“What's”后需用名词，意为“行驶里程”。) 2. He tried to get more ________ (mile) out of the old computer. (答案：mileage；解析：固定短语“get mileage out of”，意为“从…中获益/利用”。) 17. relax 词性：动词 词义：（使）放松；松弛；放宽 近义词：unwind, loosen up 反义词：tense, stress 词性转换：relaxation (n.), relaxed (adj.), relaxing (adj.) 常见搭配：relax one's muscles (放松肌肉) 例句： Sit down and relax for a while. (坐下来放松一会儿。) The rules have been relaxed recently. (最近规则放宽了。) 1. ________ (Relax) is important for both physical and mental health. (答案：Relaxation；解析：动名词作句子主语，意为“放松”。) 2. She had a ________ (relax) expression on her face. (答案：relaxed；解析：此处修饰名词“expression”，需用形容词，描述状态，意为“放松的，从容的”。) 18. living room 词性：名词短语 词义：起居室；客厅 近义词：sitting room, lounge, front room 常见搭配：in the living room (在客厅里) 例句： The family gathers in the living room to watch TV. (一家人聚在客厅看电视。) Their living room is very spacious and bright. (他们的客厅非常宽敞明亮。) 19. ahlan 词性：感叹词（阿拉伯语借词） 词义：欢迎；你好 近义词：welcome, hello 反义词：goodbye 常见搭配：Ahlan wa sahlan (热烈欢迎) 例句： Ahlan! Come in and make yourself at home. (欢迎！进来，别客气。) He greeted us with a warm “Ahlan”. (他用一声热情的“欢迎”问候我们。) 20. village 词性：名词 词义：村庄；乡村 近义词：hamlet, settlement 反义词：city, metropolis 词性转换：villager (n.) 常见搭配：fishing village (渔村), global village (地球村) 例句： The village has only one shop and a post office. (这个村庄只有一家商店和一个邮局。) The whole village came out to celebrate. (全村的人都出来庆祝。) 1. The local ________ (village) were very friendly and helpful. (答案：villagers；解析：定冠词“The”和形容词“local”后需用名词复数，指“村民们”。) 2. She dreamed of a simple life in a small ________ (village). (答案：village；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“small”后需用名词。) 21. carpet 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 地毯；覆盖物 v. 铺地毯；覆盖 近义词：rug, mat (n.); cover (v.) 反义词：bare floor (n.) 词性转换：carpeting (n. 地毯材料) 常见搭配：red carpet (红地毯；隆重欢迎), sweep under the carpet (掩盖) 例句： There's a thick carpet on the floor. (地板上铺着厚厚的地毯。) In autumn, the ground is carpeted with leaves. (秋天，地上铺满了落叶。) 1. The hotel has expensive walltowall ________ (carpet). (答案：carpeting；解析：形容词“expensive walltowall”后需用名词，指“地毯铺设材料/地毯”。) 2. They decided to ________ (carpet) the stairs for safety and comfort. (答案：carpet；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“给…铺地毯”。) 22. next to 词性：介词短语 词义：紧邻；在…旁边；几乎 近义词：beside, adjacent to, alongside 反义词：far from, away from 常见搭配：next to nothing (几乎没有) 例句： The bank is next to the post office. (银行在邮局旁边。) I know next to nothing about computers. (我对电脑几乎一窍不通。) 23. yard 词性：名词 词义：院子；码（长度单位，约0.914米） 近义词：garden, courtyard; enclosure 反义词： 词性转换：yardstick (n. 码尺；衡量标准) 常见搭配：front/back yard (前/后院), shipyard (造船厂) 例句： The children are playing in the yard. (孩子们正在院子里玩耍。) The fabric is sold by the yard. (这种布料按码出售。) 1. Profit is not the only ________ (yard) of a company's success. (答案：yardstick；解析：不定冠词“the”和形容词“only”后需用名词，意为“衡量标准”。) 2. He works in a ________ (yard) building large ships. (答案：shipyard；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，意为“造船厂”。) 24. hen 词性：名词 词义：母鸡；雌禽 近义词：chicken (泛指鸡) 反义词：rooster, cock (公鸡) 词性转换：henhouse (n. 鸡舍) 常见搭配：hen party (婚前女性聚会), like a hen with one chick (过分操心) 例句： The hen laid an egg this morning. (那只母鸡今天早上下了一个蛋。) We keep a few hens in the garden. (我们在花园里养了几只母鸡。) 1. Make sure you lock the ________ (hen) at night to protect them from foxes. (答案：henhouse；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，意为“鸡舍”。) 2. The ________ (hen) are clucking loudly. (答案：hens；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词复数。) 25. collect 词性：动词 词义：收集；采集；领取；聚集 近义词：gather, accumulate 反义词：scatter, disperse, distribute 词性转换：collection (n.), collector (n.) 常见搭配：collect stamps (集邮), collect one's thoughts (理清思绪) 例句： He likes to collect coins from different countries. (他喜欢收集不同国家的硬币。) A crowd began to collect around the scene of the accident. (一群人开始聚集在事故现场周围。) 1. She has an impressive ________ (collect) of rare books. (答案：collection；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“impressive”后需用名词，意为“收藏品”。) 2. My uncle is a passionate art ________ (collect). (答案：collector；解析：不定冠词“a”和名词“art”后需用名词，指“收藏家”。 26. firework 词性：名词 (常用复数) 词义：烟花；焰火 近义词：pyrotechnics 词性转换：fireworking (n. 烟花制造/施放) 常见搭配：set off fireworks (放烟花), fireworks display (烟花表演) 例句： The fireworks lit up the night sky on New Year's Eve. (除夕夜的烟花照亮了夜空。) We watched a spectacular firework display over the harbor. (我们观看了海港上空壮观的烟花表演。) 1. ________ (Firework) is a dangerous profession that requires special training. (答案：Fireworking；解析：动名词作句子主语，意为“烟花制造/施放业”。) 2. The children were excited about the ________ (firework) later that evening. (答案：fireworks；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，指“烟花活动”，常用复数。 27. BBQ / barbecue 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 烧烤；烧烤野餐；烤肉架 v. 烧烤 近义词：grill, cookout (n.) 词性转换：barbecued (adj.) 常见搭配：have a BBQ (举行烧烤聚会), barbecue sauce (烧烤酱) 例句： Let's have a BBQ in the backyard this weekend. (我们这周末在后院烧烤吧。) He barbecued some chicken and sausages. (他烤了一些鸡肉和香肠。) 1. We ate delicious ________ (BBQ) ribs at the party. (答案：barbecued；解析：此处修饰名词“ribs”，需用形容词，意为“烧烤的”。) 2. The smell of ________ (BBQ) filled the air. (答案：barbecue；解析：介词“of”后需用名词，指“烧烤”这件事或气味。) 28. zero 词性：名词/数词/动词 词义：n./num. 零；零点；没有 v. 将…调零；瞄准 近义词：nil, nothing (n.) 反义词：infinity 词性转换：zero in on (phr. v. 瞄准；专注于) 常见搭配：zero tolerance (零容忍), below zero (零度以下) 例句： The temperature dropped to zero last night. (昨晚气温降到了零度。) The company's profits were zero this quarter. (公司本季度利润为零。) 1. The detective ________ (zero) the key suspect. (答案：zeroed in on；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“detective”后需用动词过去式短语，“zero in on”意为“锁定，专注于”。) 2. The score was three to ________ (zero). (答案：zero；解析：介词“to”后需用数词，表示比分。) 29. square 词性：名词/形容词/动词 词义：n. 正方形；广场；平方 adj. 正方形的；正直的 v. 使成方形；结清 近义词：plaza (n. 广场); fair, honest (adj.) 反义词：round (adj.) 词性转换：squarely (adv.) 常见搭配：town square (城镇广场), square metre (平方米), be square with (与…结清) 例句： Meet me in the main square at noon. (中午在主广场见我。) The room is four metres long and four metres wide, so it's square. (这个房间长四米宽四米，所以是正方形的。) 1. She looked him ________ (square) in the eye and told the truth. (答案：squarely；解析：此处修饰动词“looked”，需用副词，意为“直视地，坚定地”。) 2. Let's ________ (square) the bill before we leave. (答案：square；解析：祈使句“Let's”后需用动词原形，意为“结清”。) 30. metre (美式: meter) 词性：名词 词义：米（长度单位）；计；表 词性转换：metric (adj.), metrical (adj. 韵律的) 常见搭配：cubic metre (立方米), parking metre (停车计时器) 例句： The swimming pool is 25 metres long. (这个游泳池长25米。) Check the gas meter to see how much we've used. (查一下煤气表，看看我们用了多少。) 1. Most countries in the world use the ________ (metre) system. (答案：metric；解析：此处修饰名词“system”，需用形容词，意为“公制的，米制的”。) 2. The poem has a strict ________ (metre) pattern. (答案：metrical；解析：此处修饰名词“pattern”，需用形容词，意为“韵律的”。) 31. square metre 词性：名词短语 词义：平方米 常见搭配：per square metre (每平方米) 例句： The apartment has an area of 80 square metres. (这套公寓面积是80平方米。) The carpet costs $50 per square metre. (这种地毯每平方米50美元。) 32. number 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 数字；号码；数量 v. 给…编号；总计 近义词：figure, digit (n.); count, total (v.) 词性转换：numerous (adj.), numerical (adj.) 常见搭配：a number of (许多), phone number (电话号码) 例句： What's your phone number? (你的电话号码是多少？) The pages of the report are numbered. (报告的各页都编了号。) 1. She has ________ (number) friends all over the world. (答案：numerous；解析：此处修饰名词“friends”，需用形容词，意为“许多的”。) 2. Put the files in ________ (number) order. (答案：numerical；解析：此处修饰名词“order”，需用形容词，意为“数字的，按数字顺序的”。) 33. million 词性：数词/名词 词义：百万；许多 近义词：a great many 词性转换：millionth (第100万), millionaire (n.) 常见搭配：millions of (数百万的；无数的), one in a million (万里挑一的) 例句： The city has a population of over five million. (这个城市有超过五百万人口。) Millions of stars were visible in the clear night sky. (晴朗的夜空中可以看到无数的星星。) 1. He became a ________ (million) after his invention succeeded. (答案：millionaire；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“百万富翁”。) 2. This is the ________ (million) car to roll off the production line. (答案：millionth；解析：定冠词“the”后需用序数词，意为“第一百万辆”。) 34. calendar 词性：名词 词义：日历；历法；日程表 近义词：schedule, timetable 词性转换：calendrical (adj.) 常见搭配：wall calendar (挂历), academic calendar (校历) 例句： Mark the date on your calendar so you don't forget. (把日期在你的日历上标出来，以免忘记。) The Gregorian calendar is used in most parts of the world. (公历在世界上大多数地区使用。) 1. The festival's date is determined by ________ (calendar) calculations. (答案：calendrical；解析：此处修饰名词“calculations”，需用形容词，意为“历法的”。) 2. Check the school ________ (calendar) for holiday dates. (答案：calendar；解析：定冠词“the”和名词“school”后需用名词。) 35. lunar calendar 词性：名词短语 词义：阴历；农历 近义词：Chinese calendar 反义词：solar calendar (阳历) 常见搭配：according to the lunar calendar (根据农历) 例句： The Spring Festival is based on the lunar calendar. (春节是基于农历的。) Many traditional festivals follow the lunar calendar. (许多传统节日都遵循农历。) 36. seaside 词性：名词/形容词 词义：n. 海滨；海边 adj. 海边的 近义词：coast, beach (n.); coastal (adj.) 反义词：inland (adj.) 词性转换： 常见搭配：seaside resort (海滨度假胜地), go to the seaside (去海边) 例句： We spent a week at the seaside. (我们在海边度过了一周。) They own a seaside cottage. (他们拥有一栋海边小屋。) 37. east 词性：名词/形容词/副词 词义：n. 东；东方 adj. 东方的；在东部的 adv. 向东 近义词：orient (n., 正式) 反义词：west 词性转换：eastern (adj.), eastward(s) (adv.) 常见搭配：Far East (远东), east coast (东海岸) 例句： The sun rises in the east. (太阳从东方升起。) They live on the east side of the city. (他们住在城市的东区。) 1. She studies ________ (east) religions and philosophies. (答案：Eastern；解析：此处修饰名词“religions”，需用形容词，意为“东方的”。) 2. The river flows ________ (east) to the sea. (答案：eastward(s)；解析：此处修饰动词“flows”，需用副词，意为“向东”。) 38. stone 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 石头；宝石；果核 v. 向…扔石头；去核 近义词：rock, pebble (n.) 词性转换：stony (adj.), stonecold (adj.) 常见搭配：heart of stone (铁石心肠), kill two birds with one stone (一石二鸟) 例句： The path is paved with stone. (这条小路是用石头铺的。) In ancient times, people were sometimes stoned as punishment. (在古代，人们有时会被处以石刑。) 1. He gave me a ________ (stone) look and refused to help. (答案：stony；解析：此处修饰名词“look”，需用形容词，意为“冷冰冰的，石头的”。) 2. The coffee was ________ (stone) by the time I got to it. (答案：stonecold；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“完全冷掉的”。) 39. seagrass 词性：名词 (常作不可数) 词义：海草 近义词：seaweed (广义的海藻) 词性转换：seagrass bed (海草床) 常见搭配：underwater seagrass (水下海草) 例句： Seagrass provides an important habitat for many marine animals. (海草为许多海洋动物提供了重要的栖息地。) The bay has extensive seagrass meadows. (这个海湾有广阔的海草场。) 40. hold 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 拿着；举行；容纳；认为 n. 抓；控制；船舱 近义词：grasp, contain (v.); grip (n.) 反义词：drop, release (v.) 词性转换：holder (n.), holding (n.) 常见搭配：hold on (等一等), hold a meeting (举行会议), get hold of (抓住；联系上) 例句： Can you hold my bag for a moment? (你能帮我拿一下包吗？) The plane was on hold due to bad weather. (飞机因天气恶劣而延误。) 1. She is the current world record ________ (hold). (答案：holder；解析：不定冠词“the”和形容词“current world record”后需用名词，指“保持者”。) 2. The company has large land ________ (hold) in Africa. (答案：holdings；解析：形容词“large land”后需用名词复数，意为“持有的土地，地产”。) 41. hold up 词性：短语动词 词义：举起；支撑；延误；抢劫 近义词：delay, rob 反义词：speed up, advance 常见搭配：hold up traffic (造成交通堵塞), hold up a bank (抢劫银行) 例句： The pillar holds up the roof. (这根柱子支撑着屋顶。) Sorry I'm late; I was held up in traffic. (抱歉我迟到了；我被交通耽搁了。) 42. wind 词性：名词/动词 (注意发音：n. [wɪnd], v. [waɪnd]) 词义：n. 风；气息 v. 蜿蜒；缠绕；上发条 近义词：breeze, gust (n.); twist, coil (v.) 反义词：calm (n.) 词性转换：windy (adj.), winding (adj.) 常见搭配：strong wind (强风), wind down (放松；逐渐结束) 例句： The wind is blowing from the north. (风从北方吹来。) The path winds through the forest. (小路蜿蜒穿过森林。) 1. It's too ________ (wind) to have a picnic today. (答案：windy；解析：句型“It's too + adj.”中需用形容词，意为“风大的”。) 2. We drove along a ________ (wind) mountain road. (答案：winding；解析：此处修饰名词“road”，需用形容词，意为“蜿蜒的”。) 43. southwest 词性：名词/形容词/副词 词义：n. 西南；西南方 adj. 西南的；在西南部的 adv. 向西南 反义词：northeast 词性转换：southwestern (adj.), southwestward(s) (adv.) 常见搭配：southwest wind (西南风) 例句： The storm is coming from the southwest. (风暴正从西南方向来。) They traveled in a southwest direction. (他们向西南方向旅行。) 1. The ________ (southwest) region of the country is very arid. (答案：southwestern；解析：此处修饰名词“region”，需用形容词，意为“西南部的”。) 2. The river turns and flows ________ (southwest). (答案：southwestward(s)；解析：此处修饰动词“flows”，需用副词，意为“向西南”。) 44. bamboo 词性：名词 (不可数或可数) 词义：竹子；竹材 词性转换：bamboo shoot (竹笋) 常见搭配：bamboo forest (竹林), bamboo furniture (竹制家具) 例句： Pandas feed mainly on bamboo. (大熊猫主要以竹子为食。) The house is built with bamboo. (这房子是用竹子建造的。) 45. ground 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 地面；土地；理由 v. 使停飞；使搁浅；基于 近义词：earth, soil (n.); base, found (v.) 反义词：air, sky (n.) 词性转换：grounding (n.), groundless (adj.) 常见搭配：on the ground (在地上), common ground (共同点), ground floor (一楼) 例句： He fell to the ground. (他摔倒在地。) All flights were grounded due to the fog. (由于大雾，所有航班都停飞了。) 1. She has a good ________ (ground) in mathematics. (答案：grounding；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“good”后需用名词，意为“基础训练，基础知识”。) 2. Your fears are completely ________ (ground); there is no danger. (答案：groundless；解析：系动词“are”后需用形容词作表语，意为“无根据的”。) 46. grassland 词性：名词 (常作不可数或用复数) 词义：草原；草地 近义词：prairie, savanna, meadow 反义词：forest, desert 常见搭配：natural grassland (天然草原) 例句： Vast grasslands stretch across the interior of the continent. (广阔的草原延伸在整个大陆的内陆地区。) The animals graze on the open grassland. (动物们在开阔的草原上吃草。) 47. north 词性：名词/形容词/副词 词义：n. 北；北方 adj. 北方的；在北部的 adv. 向北 反义词：south 词性转换：northern (adj.), northward(s) (adv.) 常见搭配：North Pole (北极), north wind (北风) 例句： Canada is to the north of the United States. (加拿大在美国的北面。) The window faces north. (窗户朝北。) 1. She comes from the ________ (north) part of England. (答案：northern；解析：此处修饰名词“part”，需用形容词，意为“北部的”。) 2. They sailed ________ (north) along the coast. (答案：northward(s)；解析：此处修饰动词“sailed”，需用副词，意为“向北”。) 48. tent 词性：名词 词义：帐篷 近义词：camp 反义词：house, building 词性转换：tented (adj.) 常见搭配：pitch a tent (搭帐篷), tent peg (帐篷钉) 例句： We slept in a tent under the stars. (我们在星空下的帐篷里睡觉。) They put up their tent near the river. (他们在河边搭起了帐篷。) 1. The explorers lived in ________ (tent) camps for months. (答案：tented；解析：此处修饰名词“camps”，需用形容词，意为“有帐篷的”。) 2. Do you know how to ________ (tent) a tent? (答案：pitch/put up；解析：疑问词“how to”后需用动词原形，固定搭配“pitch/put up a tent”意为“搭帐篷”。) 49. wood 词性：名词 词义：木材；木头；树林 (复数) 近义词：timber, lumber; forest (woods) 反义词：metal, plastic 词性转换：wooden (adj.), woody (adj.) 常见搭配：made of wood (木制的), touch wood (摸木头求好运) 例句： This table is made of solid wood. (这张桌子是实木的。) Let's go for a walk in the woods. (我们去树林里散步吧。) 1. She gave a rather ________ (wood) performance in the play. (答案：wooden；解析：此处修饰名词“performance”，需用形容词，引申意为“呆板的，不自然的”。) 2. The plant has a ________ (wood) stem. (答案：woody；解析：此处修饰名词“stem”，需用形容词，意为“木质的”。) 50. build 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 建造；建立；增强 n. 体形；体格 近义词：construct, erect (v.); physique, frame (n.) 反义词：destroy, demolish (v.) 词性转换：builder (n.), building (n.) 常见搭配：build up (积累；增强), body build (体格) 例句： They plan to build a new school here. (他们计划在这里建一所新学校。) He has a strong, athletic build. (他体格强壮，像个运动员。) 1. My father was a ________ (build) all his life. (答案：builder；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“建筑工人，建造者”。) 2. The old ________ (build) was demolished to make way for the new road. (答案：building；解析：定冠词“The”和形容词“old”后需用名词，指“建筑物”。) 51. fishing 词性：名词 词义：钓鱼；渔业 近义词：angling 词性转换：fish (v./n.), fishery (n.) 常见搭配：go fishing (去钓鱼), fishing rod (钓竿) 例句： Fishing is his favorite hobby. (钓鱼是他最大的爱好。) The local economy depends on fishing. (当地经济依赖渔业。) 1. We ________ (fishing) in the lake every summer when I was a child. (答案：went fishing / fished；解析：句子缺谓语动词，描述过去的习惯，可用“went fishing”或“fished”。) 2. Overfishing has threatened many coastal ________ (fishing). (答案：fisheries；解析：形容词“many coastal”后需用名词复数，意为“渔场，渔业”。) 52. Dry 词性：形容词/动词 词义：adj. 干的；干燥的 v. 擦干；变干 近义词：arid (adj.) 反义词：wet, moist (adj.) 词性转换：dryness (n.), dryer (n.) 常见搭配：dry cleaning (干洗), dry spell (干旱期) 例句： The paint isn't dry yet. (油漆还没干。) Dry your hair before you go outside. (出门前把头发吹干。) 1. The ________ (dry) of the desert air can be harsh on the skin. (答案：dryness；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“干燥”。) 2. Put the wet clothes in the tumble ________ (dry). (答案：dryer；解析：不定冠词“the”和名词“tumble”后需用名词，“tumble dryer”意为“滚筒式烘干机”。) 53. ride 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 骑；乘 n. 乘坐；旅程 近义词：travel on (v.); trip (n.) 反义词：walk (v.) 词性转换：rider (n.) 常见搭配：ride a bicycle (骑自行车), take a ride (搭乘) 例句： Can you ride a motorcycle? (你会骑摩托车吗？) The ride in the roller coaster was thrilling. (坐过山车的体验非常刺激。) 1. She is an experienced horse ________ (ride). (答案：rider；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“experienced horse”后需用名词，指“骑手”。) 2. He ________ (ride) the subway to work every day. (答案：rides；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“He”后需用动词第三人称单数。) 54. centre (center) 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 中心；中央 v. 集中；以…为中心 近义词：middle, heart (n.); focus (v.) 反义词：edge, periphery (n.) 词性转换：central (adj.) 常见搭配：shopping centre (购物中心), centre around (围绕) 例句： There is a large park in the centre of the city. (城市中心有一个大公园。) The debate centred on economic policy. (辩论围绕着经济政策展开。) 1. The hotel's ________ (centre) location is very convenient for tourists. (答案：central；解析：此处修饰名词“location”，需用形容词，意为“中心的”。) 2. The story is ________ (centre) on the life of a young artist. (答案：centred；解析：此处构成被动语态“is centred on”，意为“以…为中心”。) 55. bathroom 词性：名词 词义：浴室；洗手间 近义词：restroom, washroom 反义词： 常见搭配：bathroom fixtures (浴室设备) 例句： I need to use the bathroom. (我需要用一下洗手间。) The bathroom is being renovated. (浴室正在装修。) 56. smell 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 气味；嗅觉 v. 闻；有…气味 近义词：scent, odor (n.) 反义词：fragrance (好闻) vs. stench (恶臭) (n.) 词性转换：smelly (adj.) 常见搭配：smell nice (闻起来香), sense of smell (嗅觉) 例句： There's a strange smell in the kitchen. (厨房里有股怪味。) This flower smells wonderful. (这花闻起来真香。) 1. Your socks are ________ (smell); you should wash them. (答案：smelly；解析：系动词“are”后需用形容词作表语，意为“发臭的”。) 2. A dog's ________ (smell) is much more sensitive than a human's. (答案：sense of smell；解析：形容词性物主代词“A dog's”后需用名词短语，意为“嗅觉”。) 57. sky 词性：名词 词义：天空 近义词：heavens 反义词：ground 词性转换：skyhigh (adj.), skylight (n.) 常见搭配：under the open sky (在露天), praise sb. to the skies (把某人捧上天) 例句： The sky turned pink at sunset. (日落时天空变成了粉红色。) Not a cloud could be seen in the sky. (天空万里无云。) 1. After the successful deal, morale was ________ (sky). (答案：skyhigh；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“极高的”。) 2. The attic room was brightened by a small ________ (sky). (答案：skylight；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“small”后需用名词，意为“天窗”。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $