Unit6 单元单词表教师词汇备课- 2025-2026学年沪教版（五四学制）英语七年级下册

沪教五四制七年级下册 Unit 6 单词表 教师备课材料 1. strange 词性：形容词 词义：奇怪的；陌生的；外行的 近义词：odd, unusual, unfamiliar 反义词：normal, familiar, ordinary 词性转换：stranger (n.), strangely (adv.) 常见搭配：strange to say (说来奇怪), feel strange (感到不适/陌生) 例句： I heard a strange noise coming from the basement. (我听到从地下室传来一个奇怪的声音。) The food tasted strange. (这食物尝起来味道很怪。) 1. She is a complete ________ (strange) to me; I've never seen her before. (答案：stranger；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“complete”后需用名词，意为“陌生人”。) 2. ________ (Strange) enough, I had a dream about that exact event last night. (答案：Strangely；解析：句首作状语，修饰整个句子，需用副词，意为“奇怪的是”。) 2. thick 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 厚的；浓的；密集的 adv. 厚厚地；密集地 近义词：dense, heavy (adj.); densely (adv.) 反义词：thin, sparse (adj.) 词性转换：thicken (v.), thickness (n.) 常见搭配：thick book (厚书), thick fog (浓雾) 例句： She was wearing a thick coat against the cold. (她穿着一件厚外套御寒。) The soup is too thick. (这汤太稠了。) 1. You can add a little flour to ________ (thick) the sauce. (答案：thicken；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“使变稠/厚”。) 2. The ________ (thick) of the ice on the lake is about 20 centimeters. (答案：thickness；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“厚度”。) 3. treetop 词性：名词 词义：树顶；树梢 近义词：crown of a tree 反义词：root, base 词性转换：(复合词，通常无转换) 常见搭配：in the treetops (在树顶上) 例句： Monkeys were swinging from treetop to treetop. (猴子在树顶间荡来荡去。) We could see the bird's nest high up in the treetop. (我们可以看见鸟巢高高地筑在树顶上。) （此词为复合词，无典型词性转换，练习考察其组成部分“tree”的转换。） 1. The path is ________ (treetop) by tall pines. (答案：lined with trees / treelined；解析：根据句意，“小路两旁长着高高的松树”，可用“treelined”。此处考察“tree”作为名词的用法转换。) 2. The old ________ (treetop) was cut down to make room for the road. (答案：tree；解析：定冠词“The”和形容词“old”后需用名词，指“树”。) 4. block 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 街区；大块；障碍物 v. 阻塞；阻挡；封锁 近义词：obstruct, hinder (v.); chunk (n.) 反义词：clear, unblock (v.) 词性转换：blockage (n.), blocker (n.) 常见搭配：a block of flats (一栋公寓楼), block the way (挡住去路) 例句： The post office is just two blocks away. (邮局离这里只有两个街区远。) A fallen tree is blocking the road. (一棵倒下的树挡住了路。) 1. There was a ________ (block) in the pipe, so the water couldn't flow. (答案：blockage；解析：不定冠词“a”和介词“in”之间需用名词，意为“堵塞物”。) 2. This cream is an effective sun ________ (block). (答案：blocker；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“effective sun”后需用名词，意为“防护剂”，“sunblocker”即“防晒霜”。) 5. humid 词性：形容词 词义：（空气）潮湿的；湿热的 近义词：damp, muggy, moist 反义词：dry, arid 词性转换：humidity (n.), humidify (v.) 常见搭配：humid climate (潮湿的气候), hot and humid (又热又潮) 例句： The weather was hot and humid. (天气又热又潮湿。) I find it hard to breathe in such humid air. (我觉得在这么潮湿的空气里呼吸很困难。) 1. The high ________ (humid) makes the heat feel worse. (答案：humidity；解析：形容词“high”后需用名词，意为“湿度”。) 2. Some plants need a ________ (humid) environment to grow well. (答案：humidified；解析：此处修饰名词“environment”，需用形容词，意为“被加湿的”。) 6. coverage 词性：名词 词义：覆盖范围；新闻报道；保险范围 近义词：reportage, scope 词性转换：cover (v./n.) 常见搭配：media coverage (媒体报道), insurance coverage (保险范围) 例句： The event received widespread coverage in the press. (这件事得到了媒体的广泛报道。) Check your health insurance policy to see what coverage you have. (查看你的健康保险单，了解你的保险范围。) 1. The insurance policy ________ (coverage) all kinds of accidents. (答案：covers；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“policy”后需用动词第三人称单数，意为“涵盖”。) 2. We need a bigger ________ (coverage) to keep the furniture dry. (答案：cover；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“bigger”后需用名词，意为“覆盖物，罩子”。) 7. climate 词性：名词 词义：气候；风气；环境趋势 近义词：weather (longterm), atmosphere 词性转换：climatic (adj.) 常见搭配：climate change (气候变化), political climate (政治气候) 例句： The climate in this region is very mild. (这个地区的气候非常温和。) The current economic climate is not good for starting a business. (当前的经济环境不利于创业。) 1. Scientists are studying ________ (climate) patterns around the world. (答案：climatic；解析：此处修饰名词“patterns”，需用形容词，意为“气候的”。) 2. The ________ (climate) of the meeting was very tense. (答案：climate；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，此处为比喻义，意为“气氛”。) 8. nearly 词性：副词 词义：几乎；差不多 近义词：almost, practically 反义词：exactly, completely 词性转换：near (adj./prep./adv.) 常见搭配：nearly there (快到了), nearly finished (快要完成了) 例句： I've nearly finished my homework. (我快做完作业了。) It's nearly impossible to get tickets for the concert. (几乎不可能弄到这场音乐会的票。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其与“near”的区别。） 1. Is there a post office ________ (nearly)? (答案：nearby/near；解析：此处询问地点“附近”，可用“nearby”或“near”。) 2. We are ________ (nearly) related; she is my cousin. (答案：closely / near；解析：根据句意，“我们是近亲”，常用“closely related”。“near”作形容词时也可表“近亲”，如“a near relative”。) 9. freshwater 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 淡水的；淡水产的 n. 淡水 近义词： 反义词：saltwater, seawater 词性转换： 常见搭配：freshwater lake (淡水湖), freshwater fish (淡水鱼) 例句： This freshwater pond is home to many frogs. (这个淡水池塘是许多青蛙的家园。) We need to protect our freshwater resources. (我们需要保护我们的淡水资源。) （此词为复合形容词，无典型转换，练习考察其核心词“fresh”。） 1. The bread is baked ________ (freshwater) every morning. (答案：fresh；解析：此处修饰动词“baked”，需用副词，意为“新鲜地”。) 2. Open the window and let in some ________ (freshwater) air. (答案：fresh；解析：不定代词“some”后需用形容词修饰名词“air”，意为“新鲜的”。) 10. contain 词性：动词 词义：包含；容纳；控制（感情） 近义词：include, hold, restrain 反义词：exclude, release 词性转换：container (n.), content (n. 内容) 常见搭配：contain oneself (克制自己) 例句： This bottle contains one liter of water. (这个瓶子能装一升水。) He could barely contain his excitement. (他几乎无法抑制自己的兴奋。) 1. Put the leftovers in an airtight ________ (contain). (答案：container；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“airtight”后需用名词，意为“容器”。) 2. The ________ (contain) of the letter remained a secret. (答案：contents；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“内容”，常用复数。) 11. liquid 词性：名词/形容词 词义：n. 液体 adj. 液体的；清澈的；易变现的 近义词：fluid (n./adj.) 反义词：solid, gas (n.) 词性转换：liquidate (v. 清算), liquidity (n. 流动性) 常见搭配：liquid assets (流动资产), liquid soap (洗手液) 例句： Water is a liquid at room temperature. (水在室温下是液体。) She has beautiful liquid eyes. (她有一双清澈美丽的眼睛。) 1. The company was forced to ________ (liquid) its assets to pay its debts. (答案：liquidate；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，意为“清算，变卖”。) 2. The ________ (liquid) of the company's finances is a concern. (答案：liquidity；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“流动性”。) 12. humour (美式: humor) 词性：名词 词义：幽默；幽默感；情绪 近义词：wit, comedy 反义词：seriousness 词性转换：humorous (adj.), humorist (n.) 常见搭配：sense of humour (幽默感), good humour (好心情) 例句： He has a great sense of humour. (他很有幽默感。) The story is full of humour. (这个故事充满了幽默。) 1. She told a very ________ (humour) story that made everyone laugh. (答案：humorous；解析：此处修饰名词“story”，需用形容词，意为“幽默的”。) 2. Mark Twain was a famous American ________ (humour). (答案：humorist；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“幽默作家”。) 13. analyse (美式: analyze) 词性：动词 词义：分析；解析 近义词：examine, study 反义词：synthesize, combine 词性转换：analysis (n.), analytical (adj.) 常见搭配：analyse data (分析数据), analyse a problem (分析问题) 例句： We need to analyse the results of the experiment carefully. (我们需要仔细分析实验的结果。) The teacher asked us to analyse the poem. (老师要求我们分析这首诗。) 1. After careful ________ (analyse), we reached a conclusion. (答案：analysis；解析：介词“After”和形容词“careful”后需用名词，意为“分析”。) 2. She has a very ________ (analyse) mind and pays attention to details. (答案：analytical；解析：此处修饰名词“mind”，需用形容词，意为“善于分析的”。) 14. leaflet 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 传单；小册子 v. 散发传单 近义词：pamphlet, brochure (n.) 常见搭配：hand out leaflets (分发传单), information leaflet (信息传单) 例句： They were handing out leaflets about the concert in the street. (他们在街上分发关于音乐会的传单。) Read the leaflet that comes with the medicine. (阅读随药附赠的说明书。) 1. In autumn, the ________ (leaflet) turn red and gold. (答案：leaves；解析：作句子主语，指“树叶”，需用复数。) 2. He carefully ________ (leaflet) through the pages of the old book. (答案：leafed；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“He”后需用动词过去式，“leaf through”意为“快速翻阅”。) 15. update 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 更新；使现代化 n. 最新信息；更新 近义词：modernize, refresh (v.); news (n.) 反义词：outdate (v.) 词性转换：updated (adj.), updatable (adj.) 常见搭配：update software (更新软件), keep sb. updated (让某人了解最新情况) 例句： I need to update my computer's operating system. (我需要更新电脑的操作系统。) Give me an update on the project's progress. (给我一份关于项目进展的最新报告。) 1. Please make sure you have the ________ (update) version of the app. (答案：updated；解析：此处修饰名词“version”，需用形容词，意为“更新过的”。) 2. The software is easily ________ (update) online. (答案：updatable；解析：系动词“is”后需用形容词作表语，意为“可更新的”。) 16. wood 词性：名词 词义：木材；木头；树林（常用复数） 近义词：timber, lumber; forest (woods) 反义词：metal, plastic 词性转换：wooden (adj.), woody (adj.) 常见搭配：made of wood (木制的), walk in the woods (在树林里散步) 例句： The table is made of solid wood. (这张桌子是用实木做的。) We went for a walk in the woods. (我们去树林里散步了。) 1. She gave a ________ (wood) performance; her acting was not natural at all. (答案：wooden；解析：此处修饰名词“performance”，需用形容词，引申意为“呆板的，僵硬的”。) 2. The plant has a ________ (wood) stem. (答案：woody；解析：此处修饰名词“stem”，需用形容词，意为“木质的”。) 17. office 词性：名词 词义：办公室；办事处；官职 近义词：workplace, bureau 反义词：home, factory 词性转换：officer (n.), official (adj./n.) 常见搭配：post office (邮局), office hours (办公时间) 例句： She works in a large office in the city center. (她在市中心的一间大办公室里工作。) He was elected to the office of mayor. (他当选为市长。) 1. A police ________ (office) came to investigate the accident. (答案：officer；解析：不定冠词“a”和名词“police”后需用名词，指“警官”。) 2. We received an ________ (office) letter from the government. (答案：official；解析：此处修饰名词“letter”，需用形容词，意为“官方的”。) 18. pool (复习，此处侧重“共用资金/资源”义) 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 共用资金；联营；水池 v. 汇集；联营 近义词：collective fund (n.); combine, merge (v.) 反义词：separate (v.) 常见搭配：car pool (拼车), typing pool (打字小组), pool resources (集中资源) 例句： Let's make a pool of our ideas. (让我们集思广益。) The companies pooled their research efforts. (这些公司集中了他们的研究力量。) 1. We joined a ________ (pool) to reduce our commuting costs. (答案：carpool；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，意为“拼车小组”。) 2. The villagers ________ (pool) their money to build a new school. (答案：pooled；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“villagers”后需用动词过去式，意为“集中，汇集”。) 19. appear (复习) 词性：动词 词义：出现；显得；似乎 近义词：emerge, show up 反义词：disappear, vanish 词性转换：appearance (n.), apparent (adj.) 常见搭配：appear on stage (登台), appear in court (出庭) 例句： A ship appeared on the horizon. (一艘船出现在地平线上。) He appears to have forgotten our meeting. (他好像忘了我们的会议。) 1. She made a surprise ________ (appear) at the party. (答案：appearance；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“surprise”后需用名词，意为“出现，露面”。) 2. His guilt was ________ (appear) to everyone in the room. (答案：apparent；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“明显的”。) 20. nearby (复习) 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近 近义词：close, neighboring (adj.); close by (adv.) 反义词：faraway, distant (adj.); far away (adv.) 常见搭配：a nearby shop (附近的商店) 例句： Is there a gas station nearby? (附近有加油站吗？) We found a nearby cafe to have a drink. (我们在附近找了一家咖啡馆喝了点东西。) 1. The explosion was heard for miles ________ (nearby). (答案：around / in the vicinity；解析：根据句意“爆炸声几英里外都能听到”，此处需用表范围的副词短语。“nearby”不适用，可用“around”或“in the vicinity”。) 2. His house is in the ________ (nearby) village. (答案：nearby；解析：此处修饰名词“village”，需用形容词，意为“附近的”。) 21. company (复习，此处侧重“陪伴”义) 词性：名词 词义：陪伴；同伴；客人 近义词：companionship, guests 反义词：solitude 常见搭配：keep sb. company (陪伴某人), in company (有客人在时) 例句： I'm glad of your company on this long journey. (我很高兴在这漫长的旅途中有你作伴。) We're expecting company for dinner tonight. (我们今晚有客人来吃晚饭。) 1. She travels with a ________ (company) for safety. (答案：companion；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用名词，指“同伴”。) 2. Children must be ________ (company) by an adult. (答案：accompanied；解析：此处构成被动语态“must be accompanied by”，意为“必须由……陪同”。) 22. wilderness (复习) 词性：名词 词义：荒野；荒芜的地方 近义词：wild, wasteland 反义词：civilization, metropolis 常见搭配：in the wilderness (在荒野中) 例句： The area has been turned into a wilderness by the mining industry. (该地区因采矿业已变成一片荒野。) He felt a deep connection to the wilderness. (他对荒野有一种深深的联系感。) 1. The ________ (wilderness) landscape was both beautiful and terrifying. (答案：wild；解析：此处修饰名词“landscape”，需用形容词，意为“荒芜的，野生的”。) 2. They were lost in the ________ (wilderness) for three days. (答案：wilderness；解析：介词“in”和定冠词“the”后需用名词，意为“荒野”。) 23. satisfy (复习) 词性：动词 词义：使满意；满足；符合 近义词：please, fulfill 反义词：dissatisfy, disappoint 词性转换：satisfaction (n.), satisfactory (adj.) 常见搭配：satisfy one's curiosity (满足好奇心) 例句： The meal did not satisfy my hunger. (这顿饭没能让我吃饱。) To satisfy the requirements, you must submit all documents. (为了符合要求，你必须提交所有文件。) 1. He took great ________ (satisfy) in helping others. (答案：satisfaction；解析：介词“in”前需用名词，意为“满足感”。) 2. The results were ________ (satisfy), but there is still room for improvement. (答案：satisfactory；解析：系动词“were”后需用形容词作表语，意为“令人满意的”。) 24. sky (复习) 词性：名词 词义：天空 近义词：heavens, firmament 反义词：ground, earth 词性转换：skyhigh (adj. 极高的) 常见搭配：under a clear sky (在晴朗的天空下) 例句： The sky turned dark as the storm approached. (暴风雨来临时，天空变暗了。) There wasn't a cloud in the sky. (天空万里无云。) 1. After the successful product launch, their confidence was ________ (sky). (答案：skyhigh；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“极高的”。) 2. The ________ (sky) is the limit for your imagination. (答案：sky；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词，固定说法“The sky is the limit.”意为“一切皆有可能”。) 25. nest (复习，此处侧重“舒适处所”义) 词性：名词 词义：巢；窝；安乐窝 近义词：den, hideaway 反义词： 常见搭配：feather one's nest (中饱私囊) 例句： The children made a cozy nest of blankets on the floor. (孩子们在地板上用毯子做了一个舒适的小窝。) He returned to his nest after a long day at work. (一天漫长的工作后，他回到了自己的安乐窝。) 1. The squirrel was busy building its ________ (nest). (答案：nest；解析：物主代词“its”后需用名词，意为“巢，窝”。) 2. The software uses a ________ (nest) menu system. (答案：nested；解析：此处修饰名词“system”，需用过去分词形式作形容词，“nested menu”意为“嵌套菜单”。) 26. push (复习) 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 推；推动；逼迫 n. 推；推动 近义词：shove, press (v.) 反义词：pull, drag (v.) 词性转换：pushy (adj.) 常见搭配：push oneself (鞭策自己), at a push (不得已时) 例句： You have to push the door hard to open it. (你得用力推才能打开这扇门。) She gave the swing a gentle push. (她轻轻推了一下秋千。) 1. Don't be so ________ (push); let him make his own decision. (答案：pushy；解析：系动词“be”后需用形容词作表语，意为“强求的，咄咄逼人的”。) 2. The government is making a big ________ (push) to improve literacy rates. (答案：push；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“big”后需用名词，意为“推进，努力”。) 27. grey (复习) 词性：形容词/名词 词义：adj. 灰色的；沉闷的 n. 灰色 近义词：dull, gloomy (adj.) 反义词：bright, colorful (adj.) 常见搭配：grey matter (脑力，智力), grey area (灰色地带) 例句： He was wearing a grey suit. (他穿着一套灰色西装。) The future looks grey for the coal industry. (煤炭工业的未来看起来黯淡。) 1. His hair is ________ (grey) with age. (答案：greying；解析：系动词“is”后需用形容词，现在分词形式“greying”意为“正在变灰白的”。) 2. The legal issue is a ________ (grey) area with no clear rules. (答案：grey；解析：此处修饰名词“area”，需用形容词，固定搭配“grey area”意为“灰色地带”。) 28. cover (复习，此处侧重“涵盖、涉及”义) 词性：动词/名词 词义：v. 覆盖；包括；走完 n. 封面；覆盖物；掩体 近义词：include, encompass (v.); lid (n.) 反义词：exclude, uncover (v.) 常见搭配：cover a distance (走完一段距离), under cover (伪装地) 例句： The book covers all aspects of the subject. (这本书涵盖了该主题的所有方面。) We need to cover 200 miles by tonight. (我们需要在今晚之前走完200英里。) 1. The news ________ (cover) focused on the economic impact. (答案：coverage；解析：此处作主语，需用名词，意为“报道”。) 2. The soldiers took ________ (cover) behind the wall. (答案：cover；解析：动词“took”后需用名词，固定搭配“take cover”意为“躲避，隐蔽”。) 29. soft (复习) 词性：形容词 词义：柔软的；柔和的；软的 近义词：gentle, tender 反义词：hard, rough, harsh 词性转换：soften (v.), softly (adv.) 常见搭配：soft spot (偏爱), soft skills (软技能) 例句： Use a soft cloth to clean the screen. (用软布清洁屏幕。) She spoke in a soft whisper. (她用轻柔的耳语说话。) 1. The butter will ________ (soft) if you leave it out of the fridge. (答案：soften；解析：助动词“will”后需用动词原形，意为“变软”。) 2. The light shone ________ (soft) through the curtains. (答案：softly；解析：此处修饰动词“shone”，需用副词，意为“柔和地”。) 30. warmth (复习) 词性：名词 词义：温暖；热情；暖和 近义词：heat, kindness 反义词：coldness, chill 常见搭配：human warmth (人情温暖) 例句： The warmth of the fire was comforting. (炉火的温暖令人感到安慰。) She thanked us with genuine warmth. (她真诚而热情地感谢了我们。) 1. Wrap up in a ________ (warmth) blanket. (答案：warm；解析：不定冠词“a”后需用形容词修饰名词“blanket”，意为“温暖的”。) 2. They ________ (warmth) invited us to stay for dinner. (答案：warmly；解析：此处修饰动词“invited”，需用副词，意为“热情地”。) 31. protection (复习) 词性：名词 词义：保护；防护 近义词：defense, shelter 反义词：exposure, danger 词性转换：protect (v.), protective (adj.) 常见搭配：consumer protection (消费者保护) 例句： Wearing a helmet gives you protection in case of an accident. (戴头盔可以在发生事故时保护你。) The law provides protection for whistleblowers. (法律为举报人提供保护。) 1. It is important to ________ (protection) your skin from the sun. (答案：protect；解析：动词不定式“to”后需用动词原形，意为“保护”。) 2. She has a very ________ (protection) older brother. (答案：protective；解析：此处修饰名词“brother”，需用形容词，意为“有保护欲的，呵护的”。) 32. danger (复习) 词性：名词 词义：危险；威胁 近义词：risk, peril 反义词：safety, security 常见搭配：sense of danger (危险感) 例句： There's no danger of rain today. (今天没有下雨的危险。) He was aware of the dangers involved in the expedition. (他意识到这次远征所涉及的危险。) 1. It is ________ (danger) to go out alone at night. (答案：dangerous；解析：句型“It is + adj. + to do”中需用形容词，意为“危险的”。) 2. Smoking will ________ (danger) your health. (答案：endanger；解析：助动词“will”后需用动词原形，意为“危及，危害”。) 33. net (复习，此处侧重“净额、网络”义) 词性：名词/形容词 词义：n. 网；网络；净利 adj. 净的；最终的 近义词：web (n.); final, aftertax (adj.) 反义词：gross (adj.) 常见搭配：net income (净收入), net result (最终结果) 例句： What's the net weight of the package? (这个包裹的净重是多少？) The net effect of the policy was positive. (该政策的最终效果是积极的。) 1. The company's ________ (net) expanded to Asia last year. (答案：network；解析：此处作主语，需用名词，意为“业务网，网络”。) 2. After all expenses, he ________ (net) about $50,000 last year. (答案：netted；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“he”后需用动词过去式，意为“净赚”。) 34. surface (复习) 词性：名词/形容词 词义：n. 表面；外表 adj. 表面的；外表的 近义词：exterior, top (n.); superficial (adj.) 反义词：depths, interior (n.); deep, profound (adj.) 常见搭配：scratch the surface (触及表面), surface tension (表面张力) 例句： The surface of the table is smooth. (桌面很光滑。) He only has a surface understanding of the issue. (他对这个问题只有肤浅的理解。) 1. The submarine _______ (surface) after a long dive. (答案：surfaced；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“submarine”后需用动词过去式，意为“浮出水面”。) 2. Their friendship was only ________ (surface); they didn't really know each other well. (答案：surface；解析：系动词“was”后需用形容词作表语，意为“表面的，肤浅的”。) 35. likely (复习) 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 可能的；有希望的 adv. 很可能 近义词：probable (adj.); probably (adv.) 反义词：unlikely (adj.) 常见搭配：most likely (最有可能) 例句： He's the most likely person to get the promotion. (他是最有可能获得晋升的人。) They will likely arrive late because of the traffic. (由于交通状况，他们很可能会迟到。) 1. There's little ________ (likely) of snow in June. (答案：likelihood；解析：不定代词“little”后需用名词，意为“可能性”。) 2. It's ________ (likely) that the meeting will be postponed. (答案：likely；解析：系动词“is”后需用形容词作表语，意为“可能的”。) 36. purpose (复习) 词性：名词 词义：目的；意图；用途 近义词：aim, intention 反义词：aimlessness 常见搭配：for all practical purposes (实际上), on purpose (故意) 例句： The purpose of the meeting is to discuss the budget. (会议的目的是讨论预算。) This tool can be used for various purposes. (这个工具有多种用途。) 1. She is a ________ (purpose) woman who always achieves her goals. (答案：purposeful；解析：此处修饰名词“woman”，需用形容词，意为“有决心的，有目的的”。) 2. He walked ________ (purpose) towards the exit, ignoring everyone. (答案：purposefully；解析：此处修饰动词“walked”，需用副词，意为“有目的地，果断地”。) 37. fill 词性：动词 词义：（使）充满；填补；满足 近义词：occupy, load, satisfy 反义词：empty, drain 词性转换：filling (n./adj.), full (adj.) 常见搭配：fill in/out a form (填表), fill up (装满) 例句： Please fill this bottle with water. (请把这个瓶子装满水。) Her smile filled him with joy. (她的微笑让他充满喜悦。) 1. The pie had a delicious apple ________ (fill). (答案：filling；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“delicious apple”后需用名词，意为“馅料”。) 2. After the big meal, I felt very ________ (fill). (答案：full；解析：系动词“felt”后需用形容词作表语，意为“饱的”。) 38. application 词性：名词 词义：申请；应用；应用程序 近义词：request, use, app 词性转换：apply (v.), applicant (n.) 常见搭配：job application (工作申请), practical application (实际应用) 例句： I submitted my application for the scholarship last week. (我上周提交了奖学金申请。) This new technology has many practical applications. (这项新技术有许多实际应用。) 1. You must ________ (application) for a visa before you travel. (答案：apply；解析：情态动词“must”后需用动词原形，意为“申请”。) 2. There were over a hundred ________ (application) for the position. (答案：applicants；解析：介词“over”和“a hundred”后需用可数名词复数，指“申请者”。) 39. interview 词性：名词/动词 词义：n./v. 面试；采访；面谈 近义词：meeting, questioning 词性转换：interviewer (n.), interviewee (n.) 常见搭配：job interview (工作面试), give an interview (接受采访) 例句： She has a job interview tomorrow. (她明天有一个工作面试。) The journalist interviewed the president. (记者采访了总统。) 1. The ________ (interview) asked some very difficult questions. (答案：interviewer；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词，指“面试官/采访者”。) 2. The ________ (interview) was nervous before going on TV. (答案：interviewee；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词，指“被面试者/受访者”。) 40. basic 词性：形容词/名词（复数） 词义：adj. 基本的；基础的 n. 基础；基本要素 近义词：fundamental, essential (adj.); fundamentals (n.) 反义词：advanced, complex (adj.) 词性转换：base (n./v.), basically (adv.) 常见搭配：basic knowledge (基础知识), basic needs (基本需求) 例句： You need to learn the basic rules first. (你需要先学习基本规则。) Let's go back to basics. (让我们回到基础上来。) 1. The theory is ________ (basic) on years of research. (答案：based；解析：此处构成被动语态“is based on”，意为“基于”。) 2. ________ (Basic), what he's saying is that we need to work harder. (答案：Basically；解析：句首作状语，修饰整个句子，需用副词，意为“基本上”。) 41. branch 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 树枝；分支；分部 v. 分岔；分支 近义词：limb, bough (n.); divide, fork (v.) 反义词：trunk (n.); merge (v.) 词性转换：branch out (拓展业务) 常见搭配：bank branch (银行分行), branch office (分支机构) 例句： The monkey leaped from branch to branch. (猴子在树枝间跳跃。) The company has branches all over the world. (这家公司在世界各地都有分支机构。) 1. The company plans to ________ (branch) into the Asian market next year. (答案：branch；解析：“to”后需用动词原形构成不定式，“branch into”意为“拓展进入……领域”。) 2. The river ________ (branch) into two smaller streams. (答案：branches；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“river”后需用动词第三人称单数，意为“分岔”。) 42. root 词性：名词/动词 词义：n. 根；根源；根源 v. （使）生根；根除 近义词：origin, source (n.) 反义词：branch (n.) 词性转换：rooted (adj.), rootless (adj.) 常见搭配：take root (生根), root cause (根本原因) 例句： The roots of the tree go deep into the ground. (树的根深深地扎入地下。) Money is the root of all evil. (金钱是万恶之源。) 1. He felt deeply ________ (root) in his hometown. (答案：rooted；解析：系动词“felt”后需用形容词作表语，“be rooted in”意为“扎根于，深植于”。) 2. The problem was ________ (root) out after a long investigation. (答案：rooted；解析：此处构成被动语态“was rooted out”，意为“被根除”。) 43. ranger 词性：名词 词义：护林员；巡逻队员；突击队员 近义词：warden, guard 词性转换：range (n./v.) 常见搭配：forest ranger (森林护林员), park ranger (公园管理员) 例句： The ranger guided us through the national park. (护林员带领我们穿过国家公园。) Rangers patrol the area to prevent poaching. (巡逻队员在该地区巡逻以防止偷猎。) 1. The Himalayas have a wide ________ (ranger) of wildlife. (答案：range；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“wide”后需用名词，意为“范围，种类”。) 2. The cattle ________ (ranger) freely over the hills. (答案：ranged；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“cattle”后需用动词过去式，意为“漫游，分布”。) 44. secondhand 词性：形容词/副词 词义：adj. 二手的；间接的 adv. 间接地；以二手方式 近义词：used, preowned (adj.) 反义词：new, firsthand (adj.) 常见搭配：secondhand shop (二手店), secondhand information (二手信息) 例句： I bought this bike secondhand. (我这辆自行车是二手买的。) She heard the news secondhand from a friend. (她是从一个朋友那里间接听到这个消息的。) （此词为复合形容词/副词，无典型转换，练习考察其含义。） 1. I prefer to buy ________ (secondhand) books because they are cheaper. (答案：secondhand；解析：此处修饰名词“books”，需用形容词，意为“二手的”。) 2. He gave me a ________ (secondhand) account of what happened. (答案：secondhand；解析：此处修饰名词“account”，需用形容词，意为“间接的，听来的”。) 45. excellent 词性：形容词 词义：优秀的；极好的 近义词：outstanding, superb, great 反义词：poor, terrible, awful 词性转换：excellence (n.), excel (v.) 常见搭配：excellent work (出色的工作) 例句： The service at the restaurant was excellent. (这家餐厅的服务非常好。) She speaks excellent French. (她法语说得非常棒。) 1. The school is known for its academic ________ (excellent). (答案：excellence；解析：形容词性物主代词“its”和形容词“academic”后需用名词，意为“卓越，优秀”。) 2. He ________ (excellent) in science and mathematics. (答案：excels；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“He”后需用动词第三人称单数，“excel in”意为“在……方面擅长/突出”。) 46. article 词性：名词 词义：文章；物品；条款；冠词 近义词：essay, item, clause 常见搭配：newspaper article (报纸文章), article of clothing (一件衣物) 例句： Did you read the article about climate change? (你读了那篇关于气候变化的文章吗？) Several articles of value were stolen from the museum. (博物馆有几件贵重物品被盗。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其不同含义。） 1. The contract has a confidentiality ________ (article). (答案：article；解析：不定冠词“a”和形容词“confidentiality”后需用名词，意为“条款”。) 2. She wrote an interesting ________ (article) for the school magazine. (答案：article；解析：不定冠词“an”和形容词“interesting”后需用名词，意为“文章”。) 47. factory-farmed 词性：形容词 词义：工厂化农场养殖的 近义词：intensively farmed 反义词：freerange, organic 词性转换：factory farming (n.) 常见搭配：factoryfarmed chicken (工厂化养殖的鸡) 例句： Many people are concerned about the welfare of factoryfarmed animals. (许多人担心工厂化农场养殖的动物的福利。) Factoryfarmed meat is often cheaper. (工厂化农场生产的肉类通常更便宜。) （此词为复合形容词，无典型转换，练习考察其相关名词。） 1. ________ (Factoryfarmed) raises serious ethical and environmental questions. (答案：Factory farming；解析：作句子主语，需用名词短语，意为“工厂化养殖”。) 2. They decided to buy only ________ (factoryfarmed) eggs from local farmers. (答案：freerange；解析：根据句意和伦理倾向，“他们决定只从当地农民那里购买散养鸡蛋”，需用反义词“freerange”。) 48. require 词性：动词 词义：需要；要求；规定 近义词：need, demand, necessitate 反义词：waive, forgo 词性转换：requirement (n.), required (adj.) 常见搭配：require sb. to do sth. (要求某人做某事) 例句： This job requires a university degree. (这份工作要求有大学学位。) The rules require all players to wear helmets. (规则要求所有运动员都必须戴头盔。) 1. What are the entry ________ (require) for the course? (答案：requirements；解析：定冠词“the”和名词“entry”后需用名词，意为“要求，条件”。) 2. English is a ________ (require) subject for all students. (答案：required；解析：此处修饰名词“subject”，需用形容词，意为“必修的，必需的”。) 49. ton 词性：名词 词义：吨；大量 近义词：tonne (公吨), heap, lot 反义词：ounce, gram 词性转换：tonnage (n. 吨位) 常见搭配：metric ton (公吨), tons of (大量的) 例句： The ship can carry over 10,000 tons of cargo. (这艘船能运载超过一万吨货物。) I've got tons of work to do. (我有一大堆工作要做。) 1. The ________ (ton) of the vessel determines what ports it can enter. (答案：tonnage；解析：定冠词“The”和介词“of”之间需用名词，意为“吨位”。) 2. The truck was carrying several ________ (ton) of sand. (答案：tons；解析：“several”后接可数名词复数。) 50. lead to 词性：短语动词 词义：导致；通向 近义词：result in, cause 反义词：prevent, avert 常见搭配：lead to success (通向成功) 例句： Hard work usually leads to success. (努力工作通常会带来成功。) This road leads to the beach. (这条路通向海滩。) （考察核心动词“lead”的转换。） 1. She took the ________ (lead to) in organizing the party. (答案：lead；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，固定搭配“take the lead”意为“带头，领先”。) 2. The guide ________ (lead to) us through the dark cave. (答案：led；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“guide”后需用动词过去式，意为“带领”。) 51. damage 词性：名词/动词 词义：n./v. 损害；损坏；破坏 近义词：harm, injury (n.); harm, injure (v.) 反义词：repair, benefit (n.); repair, benefit (v.) 词性转换：damaging (adj.) 常见搭配：cause damage (造成损害), brain damage (脑损伤) 例句： The storm caused serious damage to the crops. (风暴对庄稼造成了严重损害。) Smoking can damage your health. (吸烟会损害你的健康。) 1. The scandal had a ________ (damage) effect on his career. (答案：damaging；解析：此处修饰名词“effect”，需用形容词，意为“有破坏性的，损害的”。) 2. It will cost a lot to repair the ________ (damage). (答案：damage；解析：定冠词“the”后需用名词，意为“损坏处”。) 52. vegetarian 词性：名词/形容词 词义：n. 素食者 adj. 素食的 近义词：vegan (严格素食者) 反义词：carnivore, meateater (n.) 词性转换：vegetarianism (n.) 常见搭配：vegetarian diet (素食), vegetarian restaurant (素食餐厅) 例句： She has been a vegetarian for ten years. (她吃素已经十年了。) Do you have any vegetarian options on the menu? (菜单上有素食选择吗？) 1. He practices ________ (vegetarian) for ethical reasons. (答案：vegetarianism；解析：动词“practices”后需用名词作宾语，意为“素食主义”。) 2. The dish is suitable for ________ (vegetarian). (答案：vegetarians；解析：介词“for”后需用名词，指“素食者们”。) 53. community 词性：名词 词义：社区；团体；群落 近义词：society, neighborhood, group 反义词：individual 词性转换：communal (adj.), communicate (v.) 常见搭配：international community (国际社会), sense of community (社区归属感) 例句： The local community is very closeknit. (当地社区非常团结。) The scientific community welcomed the discovery. (科学界对这一发现表示欢迎。) 1. The flat has a ________ (community) kitchen that all residents share. (答案：communal；解析：此处修饰名词“kitchen”，需用形容词，意为“共用的，公共的”。) 2. It is important to ________ (community) your ideas clearly. (答案：communicate；解析：动词不定式“to”后需用动词原形，意为“交流，传达”。) 54. flyer 词性：名词 词义：传单；小广告；飞行员 近义词：leaflet, pamphlet, pilot 反义词： 词性转换： 常见搭配：hand out flyers (发传单) 例句： They distributed flyers advertising the concert. (他们分发了宣传音乐会的传单。) He is an experienced flyer. (他是个经验丰富的飞行员。) （此词无典型词性转换，练习考察其不同含义及动词“fly”的转换。） 1. The birds ________ (flyer) south for the winter. (答案：fly；解析：句子缺谓语动词，主语“birds”后需用动词，意为“飞翔”。) 2. The ________ (flyer) announced a big sale at the department store. (答案：flyer；解析：定冠词“The”作主语，需用名词，此处指“传单”。) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $