题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（常州专用）（中考真题+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习(常州专用)

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (常州专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,科学技术 2 适中 说明文,科学技术,意见/建议 3 较难 科普知识,说明文,志愿服务 4 适中 中华文化,说明文,颜色 5 适中 说明文,外貌与性格,细节理解 6 适中 科普知识,说明文 7 适中 中华文化,说明文,健康与运动 8 适中 说明文,友谊 9 适中 信息技术,说明文,科学技术 10 适中 工作与职业,说明文,科学技术 11 适中 中华文化,说明文,传统工艺 12 适中 说明文,竞技/比赛 13 较易 说明文,常见动物 14 适中 家人和亲人,说明文,家庭关系 15 较难 科普知识,说明文,音乐与舞蹈 【中考真题】 For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly. Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years. Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten. Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected. Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long. 1．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers? A．They often go off beat. B．Their energy can be used up. C．Operations often influence them. D．They sometimes do harm to hearts. 2．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials? A．They can be used to produce electricity. B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster. C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin. D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests. 3．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean? A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly. 4．What is the best title for this article? A．No Need to Use Pacemakers B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations.”可知，心脏起搏器的问题是电池会耗尽电量，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲).”可知，这些材料在轻微弯曲时，能够与跳动的心脏相连并产生电能，所以压电材料可以被用来发电。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced”可知，因为变形程度越大，产生的电量就越多；可推测出“dramatically”意为“显著地”，与“greatly”意思相近。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍中国科学家发现了一种改进心脏起搏器的新方法，D选项为最佳标题。故选D。 Citizen science is when public volunteers take part in scientific projects by collecting information or monitoring (监测) possible problems and then report their findings back to research groups. This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more. As a teenager student, you can join in different kinds of such projects. Below are some great ideas you can consider. Watch frogs (青蛙) Join Frog Watch to help monitor wetland frog populations. Your efforts will help scientists check populations and detect any rare or alien kinds early. Learn more at frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org. Watch stars The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape so that scientists can learn more about what is in outer space—and you don’t even need a telescope (望远镜)! Visit galaxyzoo.org to find out more. Count birds Join the Summer Bird Count from July 20 to August 10. Many citizen scientists will get together and count all the birds they see to help scientists learn more about how birds travel. Visit summerbirdcount.org to get more information. Take water samples (样本) Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness. Enter your results on their website to help scientists better understand the state of the world’s water. 1．Why do you join a citizen science project? A．To make money. B．To become a scientist. C．To help with science research. D．To train others on scientific knowledge. 2．What should you pay attention to when you watch stars? A．Size. B．Shape. C．Number. D．Quality. 3．If you are interested in chemistry, you can visit ________. A．frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org B．galaxyzoo.org C．summerbirdcount.org D．monitorwater.org 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文就参加公民科学给出一些建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more.”可知，这种方法具有重要意义，因为它能让科学家们获取大量信息，并更好地了解动物、自然等事物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape”可知，根据形状将它们分类到不同的组别中，所以志愿者需要注意星星的形状。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness.”可知，如果对化学感兴趣，可以访问网站monitorwater.org。故选D。 Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood, for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most of them. In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior. In the experiments (实验), about 1, 000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing (执行) the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual (实际的) experience. For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive (积极的) moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did. At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected. These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can? 1．What did the receivers do in the experiments? A．They showed kindness to others. B．They guessed the performers’ feelings. C．They rated how valuable the performers’ act of kindness was. D．They compared the performers’ expectations with their actual results. 2．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Different purposes of the research. B．More evidence for the research results. C．Possible influences of the research findings. D．Another explanation of the research methods. 3．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards showing kindness to others? A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．What is the main idea of this article? A．Being kind can reduce one’s happiness as expected. B．Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences. C．Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected. D．Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了研究表明，善良会产生意想不到的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how ‘big’ the act seemed”可知接受者都必须对善意行为的程度进行评分。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据“At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people...the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.”可知本段主要介绍了一些证明研究结果的更多证据。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“why not choose kindness when we can?”可知作者建议我们要选择善良，所以作者对于对别人友善的行为是支持的。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了研究表明，善良会产生意想不到的积极影响。故选B。 【热点话题练习】 Traditional Chinese colors play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings. These colors are not chosen randomly (随机). Instead, they are closely connected to history, nature, and social values. Let’s explore how these colors are used and what they stand for. In ancient China, there were five primary colors: cyan (青色), red, yellow, white, and black. Unlike the modern Western primary color system, these colors were linked to Wu Xing (the Five Elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, water. They also stood for directions and seasons. This connection made them more than just pretty colors. Yellow stood for the earth and the center. It became the color of the emperor. In the Tang, Ming, and Qing dynasties, only the royal family could wear bright yellow. The emperor’s clothes and palace roofs (like those of the Forbidden City) were yellow, showing the highest power. Red means fire, the south, and summer. It stands for joy and good luck. During the Chinese New Year, people hang red lanterns and give red packets. At weddings, people wear red and use red decorations to keep away bad luck and celebrate new starts. Even today, red is still the top choice for important and happy events. By mixing the five primary colors, people made secondary colors. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women’s clothes. In art, colors are used to express feelings. Ink paintings use black and white in light to dark shades to show mountains, rivers, and feelings. Blue and white porcelain (青花瓷) has a blue design on a white base (基底). It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast (对比) between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture. 1．What does the underlined word “aesthetics” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．The study of beauty and taste. B．The study of history and society. C．The study of colors and shapes. D．The study of nature and elements. 2．How does the writer talk about secondary colours in the passage? A．By telling a story of how secondary colors were invented. B．By explaining what they are and giving examples. C．By comparing them with Western secondary colors. D．By listing problems of using secondary colors. 3．According to the passage, why did blue and white porcelain become a global symbol of Chinese culture? A．Because it was only used by Chinese emperors. B．Because making it is very simple. C．Because it has special Eastern beauty and was spread widely. D．Because it uses all five traditional primary colors. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The history of Chinese ink paintings. B．The making of blue and white porcelain. C．The cultural meanings and uses of traditional Chinese colors. D．The differences between Chinese and Western color systems. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统色彩在中国美学中的重要作用，以及它们所承载的深厚文化内涵。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colors play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”可知，中国传统色彩在中国美学中扮演着关键角色，且它们不仅仅是美丽的色调，还具有深厚的文化意义。由此可推测，“aesthetics”指的是与美和品味相关的研究。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“By mixing the five primary colors, people made secondary colors. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women’s clothes.”可知，作者通过解释什么是次要色彩，并举例说明绿色和粉色的来源及意义来谈论次要色彩。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Blue and white porcelain (青花瓷) has a blue design on a white base. It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture.”可知，青花瓷通过丝绸之路闻名世界，深蓝色和亮白色的对比创造出一种干净而永恒的美，具有特殊的东方魅力，因此它成为了中国文化的全球象征。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Traditional Chinese colors play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国传统色彩的文化意义和用途。故选C。 “Your personality has three different layers (层),” says Robyn Fivush, a psychologist at Emory University. First, there are your most basic personality traits (特征), including how open you are to new experiences, and whether you like to be with other people or prefer to be alone, and how stressed out you get in challenging situations. Your basic traits are pretty obvious (明显的) even when you’re a baby. “Some babies are a little bit fussier or a little bit more active or a little bit more smiley. Those can develop into more stable personality traits,” Fivush says. “They stay pretty much the same as you grow up.” The next layer of your personality is your experiences. If your family is loving and responsive when you’re a baby, that teaches you “the world is a safe and trusting place, I’m going to be OK, my needs are going to be met, and if anything bad happens, I have people to take care of me,” Fivush says. That feeling of trust and security lasts for your whole life, and it tends to make you more confident and capable of dealing with difficulties when you are an adult. “The third layer is the stories you tell about yourself,” Fivush says. “We all tell stories about our lives, both to ourselves and to other people. Those stories give meaning to your experiences. They can be stories about your own life—like how much you loved your science teacher, what a great time you had when she helped you with your science fair project, and how that made you want to be a scientist. But your family’s stories are equally important.” Knowing about how your parents met, or what your grandmother’s childhood was like, helps you see where you come from. And talking with your family about both the happy and sad times you’ve experienced can help you understand those events more clearly and learn different ways to deal with challenges. Family stories don’t just teach you who you are—they help you figure out who you want to be. 1．According to the passage, which of the following is one of a person’s most basic personality traits? A．Growing up in a wealthy family. B．Being open to new experiences. C．Sharing family stories with teachers. D．Understanding events in an easy way. 2．What will a man most probably be like if he grows up in a loving family? A．Confident. B．Generous. C．Honest. D．Helpful. 3．Why are family stories important? A．Because they can make your dream come true. B．Because they can make you feel happy and relaxed. C．Because they can help you understand who you want to be. D．Because they can help you deal with any difficulties you meet. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了心理学家提出的“人格三层次”理论，包括基础特质、成长经历影响、个人与家庭故事的意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“there are your most basic personality traits, including how open you are to new experiences”可知，“乐于接受新体验”属于最基础的人格特质。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“If your family is loving and responsive when you’re a baby...and it tends to make you more confident”可知，在充满爱的家庭中长大的人更可能变得自信。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Family stories don’t just teach you who you are—they help you figure out who you want to be.”可知，家庭故事的重要性在于帮助你明确自己想成为什么样的人。故选C。 Have you thought of a world where you can control machines with just your thoughts? Scientists are working on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) to make it possible. BCIs are devices (装置) that connect the human brain directly to outside things, such as computers or other machines. They let our brains send messages to the outside machines, and the machines can understand and do what we want. This is like having a superpower where you can think and things happen! BCIs can be really helpful in medicine. One of the most exciting uses of BCIs is in healthcare. For example, if someone has a stroke (中风) and can’t move his arm, a BCI might help him learn to move it again. People with other brain problems might also get better care because doctors can see what’s going on inside their brains. In education, BCIs could make learning much easier and more enjoyable. With a BCI, a student with a learning disability can now process information easily. Or you can get lots of help with a subject you’re struggling with by using your brain signals. BCIs could open up new worlds of knowledge for us, helping us to perform tasks that were impossible or highly challenging in the past. However, there are also some concerns about BCIs. Some people are worried about privacy (隐私) as we must carefully consider who can see our thoughts and feelings. There are also concerns about the risk that someone could use BCIs to hurt or control other people. We need to make sure the technologies are used in a good and fair way. Even with these challenges, BCIs are really exciting. They could change how we live and learn in ways we can’t even imagine yet. As we move forward, it’s important to think carefully about how we use BCIs and make sure they’re safe and helpful for everyone. 1．What are BCIs created for by scientists according to the passage? A．Stopping outside machines from controlling our brains. B．Making outside machines do what people want. C．Allowing computers to make better decisions for people. D．Helping common people get superpower to control others. 2．Which of the following can BCIs do according to the passage? A．They can cure most brain diseases without doctors. B．They can help patients fix new arms after a stroke. C．They can provide better education for people in need. D．They can offer learners help by recommending teachers. 3．What does the underlined word “concerns” mean? A．Research. B．Worries. C．Suggestions. D．Dreams. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to BCIs in general? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeless. D．Supportive. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了脑机接口（BCIs）的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“BCIs are devices (装置) that connect the human brain directly to outside things...They let our brains send messages to the outside machines, and the machines can understand and do what we want.”可知，科学家创造脑机接口是为了让外面的机器做人们想做的事。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In education, BCIs could make learning much easier and more enjoyable. With a BCI, a student with a learning disability can now process information easily. Or you can get lots of help with a subject you’re struggling with by using your brain signals. BCIs could open up new worlds of knowledge for us, helping us to perform tasks that were impossible or highly challenging in the past.”可知，脑机接口可以为有需要的人提供更好的教育。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Some people are worried about privacy (隐私) as we must carefully consider who can see our thoughts and feelings. There are also concerns about the risk that someone could use BCIs to hurt or control other people.”和选项可推知，有些人担心隐私，也有人担心有人会利用脑机接口伤害或控制他人，所以concerns意思是“担心，忧虑”，与worries意思相近。故选B。 4．观点态度题。根据“Even with these challenges, BCIs are really exciting. They could change how we live and learn in ways we can’t even imagine yet.”可知，作者认为脑机接口虽然面临挑战，但非常令人兴奋，它们可能会改变我们的生活和学习的方式，所以作者对脑机接口的态度是支持的。故选D。 China’s taijiquan, or tai chi, was added to the List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产) on Dec 17, 2020. Although several years have passed, Chen Bing is still excited about it. He was the first man to show the beauty of tai chi in the international introduction film. On its website, taijiquan is described as “A traditional physical practice with relaxed movements that work together with breathing and help develop a peaceful mind.” Taijiquan was influenced by ancient ideas of traditional Chinese medicine. It has developed into many schools (宗派) or styles, usually named after a school or a master, such as Yang-style and Chen-style. Chen is one of the inheritors (继承者) of the Chen-style taijiquan. He has been practicing it since he was six years old under the guidance of his uncles, Chen Xiaowang and Chen Xiaoxing, two famous masters of Chen-style taijiquan in Henan Province. “Chen-style taijiquan has the longest history, and other styles directly or indirectly branched out from it,” Chen added. Public popularity has grown greatly in China in recent years. Chen and 100 other masters have been livestreaming (直播) on video-sharing mobile apps like Douyin and Kuaishou. The livestreaming has attracted more than 400,000 viewers. To make taijiquan more popular, Chen also made a simple video of some of the movements to help people relax at the office. He has made a lot of effort in passing on his taijiquan wisdom during all of his online courses. “The understanding of taijiquan develops as the practice continues,” Chen explained. “As a teenager, it might be a kind of exercise that strengthens your body and improves your fighting skills. As the experience grows, it becomes easier to enjoy its beauty,” he added. Chen said taijiquan has taught him to stay calm during life’s ups and downs and face the world with an open mind. He has taught more than 400 students, who, in turn, have passed the knowledge on to their students. 1．What do we know about taijiquan according to the passage? A．It is a traditional Chinese Kungfu mainly used for fighting. B．It is a kind of physical practice that makes people excited. C．It helps people achieve a balance between mind and body. D．It shows the beauty of nature and the wisdom of the Chinese. 2．What does the underlined word “branched out” mean in English? A．protected B．developed C．prevented D．chose 3．Why does Chen livestream taijiquan online? A．To show off his amazing fighting skills. B．To strengthen his body and become a master. C．To attract more viewers to make more money. D．To spread the exercise to make it more popular. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国太极拳（taijiquan/tai chi）被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产名录的相关情况，重点围绕陈氏太极拳传承人陈炳（Chen Bing）展开叙述。 1．推理判断题。根据“A traditional physical practice with relaxed movements that work together with breathing and help develop a peaceful mind.”可知，太极拳是一种传统的身体练习，放松的动作与呼吸配合，有助于培养平静的心态，故它有助于人们实现身心平衡。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Chen-style taijiquan has the longest history, and other styles directly or indirectly branched out from it,”可知，陈氏太极历史最久，其它流派直接或间接从中分支而出，故推出划线部分branched out意为“衍生”，与选项B“发展”意思相近。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“To make taijiquan more popular, Chen also made a simple video of some of the movements to help people relax at the office.”可知，陈在网上直播太极拳，是为了推广这项运动，使其更受欢迎。故选D。 From “eating dazi” to “working out dazi” to “traveling dazi”, a new social trend (趋势) is taking off in China among young people. Dazi often refers to “tied-by-side” or just “activity partner” in Chinese. It means people find new ways to connect with others and share their hobbies. Dazi makes social life easier and more comfortable. Unlike traditional friends who often need to hang out with each other and keep in close contact, a dazi is a more relaxed social partner. Getting along with a dazi means one doesn’t have to accommodate (迁就) the other because of different interests and hobbies, which will greatly reduce social costs. In China, many young people are turning to dazi relationships to deal with their busy lives. Dazi is a quick and convenient way to socialize without a long-term promise. It provides a way for young people to build social connections and fight against loneliness, without needing to care too much about each other like in close relationships. Moreover, social media makes it easy to find people with shared interests for certain activities. However, finding a “dazi” often comes with some hazards. This includes meeting strangers in person, which can put you at risk of harm. So be careful when meeting an online dazi. To stay safe, always meet your online “dazi” in public and let someone know where you are going. A short-term friendship formed through dazi can probably turn into a long-term relationship. While a dazi relationship is typically started for a certain activity, shared experiences and interests can lead to a deeper connection over time. If both parties are willing to spend time and effort developing a stronger relationship, it is possible for the friendship to become a long-term relationship. However, it’s important to respect each other’s personal space when building a relationship, without getting too involved or crossing any lines. 1．What does the underlined word “hazards” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Dangers. B．Rules. C．Surprises. D．Disagreements. 2．Compared (对比) with a traditional friend, a dazi _________. A．takes more time to get along with B．is often based on a long-term relationship C．makes social life easier and more relaxed D．requires a higher level of emotional support 3．What can we infer from the passage about dazi relationships? A．A dazi relationship usually requires a long-term promise. B．Young people can easily find a dazi through social media. C．A dazi relationship will certainly turn into a long-term friendship. D．Getting along with a dazi needs much accommodation. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards dazi relationships? A．He thinks dazi is completely safe and should be encouraged. B．He believes dazi is useless for fighting against loneliness. C．He disagrees with the idea of turning dazi into long-term relationships. D．He has a balanced view—knowing the benefits and warning about the risks. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了在中国年轻人中流行的一种新兴社交趋势“搭子文化”，包括其含义演变、人们通过找搭子进行社交的情况，以及这种社交方式存在的风险和注意事项。 1．词句猜测题。根据“This includes meeting strangers in person, which can put you at risk of harm.”可知，后文介绍了寻找“搭子”会伴随的一些危险，所以划线单词表示“危险”，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Dazi makes social life easier and more comfortable. Unlike traditional friends who often need to hang out with each other and keep in close contact, a dazi is a more relaxed social partner.” 可知，与传统朋友相比，搭子让社交生活更轻松、更舒适。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Moreover, social media makes it easy to find people with shared interests for certain activities.”可知，社交媒体让找有共同兴趣的人进行特定活动变得容易。由此可推断，年轻人通过社交媒体可以轻松找到搭子。故选B。 4．观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者既在第二、三段讲了搭子的好处，又在第四段提醒潜在风险，最后还提到短期搭子可能变长期友谊，故作者的态度客观平衡——了解其益处，并警惕相关风险。故选D。 Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have become very powerful, surprising even their creators. Now, some people say there should be a pause (暂停) in AI work to make sure it doesn’t become dangerous, but not everyone agrees. Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like these is known as an AGI or Artificial General Intelligence. A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own. Now, there are no AGIs. It will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created. Nowadays most AI tools are good at just one task, like answering questions, or identifying (识别) objects in photos. But scientists have worked to improve AI models, mainly by training the models on larger and larger collections of information. Those efforts are paying off. Extremely large models have surprised even their creators with what they can do. The AI tool that’s got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company OpenAI. ChatGPT is a Large Language Model (LLM). ChatGPT allows users to “chat” with a powerful LLM. When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes papers, programs computers, and much more. ChatGPT appears to be extremely intelligent. But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing — based on its training information — which word is most likely to come next, over and over again. Last month, OpenAI announced a more powerful model called GPT-4. GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans. GPT-4 was also trained on pictures, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough (粗略的) drawing of the site. The rapid progress of recent AI models worries some people. Last week, many computer experts released a letter calling for a six-month pause for any work on AI tools stronger than GPT-4. Not all AI experts agreed with the letter. ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many companies are likely to keep developing powerful AI tools. But the letter has sent a strong warning that many people—including leaders—will be thinking about it carefully. 1．Which of the following sentences about “AGIs” is TRUE? A．They have brought people many real problems. B．They are too smart to take over the world. C．They are intelligent only in the computer world. D．They needn’t be trained by humans. 2．Which of the following phrases “pay off” has the same meaning as the underlined one in Paragraph 3? A．We all know that the extra time spent studying now will pay off in the future. B．Since he couldn’t pay off his credit cards, he left university and began working for a restaurant. C．It’s impossible to pay off the police to let you go in our country. D．It took the couple 30 years to pay off the money spent on their house. 3．Which of the following things can GPT-4 do but ChatGPT can’t? A．It can answer a question quickly in perfect sentences. B．It can program computers as well as write papers. C．It can create a website from a rough drawing. D．It can make up stories and games. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Are AGIs Becoming Too Intelligent? B．Are AI Tools Becoming Too Powerful? C．Is ChatGPT Causing Too Much Excitement? D．Is GPT-4 Getting Too Much Attention? 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能工具的发展现状，包括通用人工智能（AGI）的概念、当前人工智能工具的特点、ChatGPT和GPT-4的功能，以及一些专家对人工智能快速发展的担忧并呼吁暂停更强大人工智能工具的研究。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own.”可知，真正的通用人工智能在许多不同领域都很聪明，并且能够自主学习，这意味着它们不需要人类训练。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“But scientists have worked to improve AI models, mainly by training the models on larger and larger collections of information. Those efforts are paying off. Extremely large models have surprised even their creators with what they can do.”可知，科学家通过用越来越大的信息集合训练人工智能模型来改进它们，这些努力取得了成效，极大的人工智能模型让它们的创造者都感到惊讶。所以“pay off”意思是“取得成功，得到回报”。A选项“我们都知道现在花在学习上的额外时间将来会有回报的”，其中“pay off”表示取得回报，与原文意思相符。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans. GPT-4 was also trained on pictures, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough (粗略的) drawing of the site.”以及第四段对ChatGPT的描述可知，GPT-4可以根据网站的描述和粗略的草图创建一个可运行的网站，而文中未提及ChatGPT有此功能。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。文章开篇指出人工智能工具变得非常强大，甚至让创造者都感到惊讶，接着介绍了通用人工智能的概念、当前人工智能工具的特点，重点介绍了ChatGPT和GPT-4的功能，最后提到一些专家对人工智能快速发展的担忧并呼吁暂停更强大人工智能工具的研究。整篇文章围绕人工智能工具是否变得过于强大展开。故选B。 Since the start of robots, many people have been afraid that robots would take the place of humans in some fields. Now, some scientists say AI robots really are coming for some jobs. A March 2023 report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do. In Europe and America, 300 million people may lose jobs because of AI. But it’s not all bad news. Scientists have pointed out that there are still jobs that AI can’t do. People who get these kinds of jobs have less risk of losing work. The first would be jobs that are really creative: you need to come up with new ideas and build something new. For example, in science, people whose job is coming up with new ideas may keep their jobs. The second is jobs with important interpersonal relationships. Doctors and reporters are some of them. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. It will be a long time before AI has the ability to build relationships with human beings. The third is jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems, like welders (焊工). These are the kinds of jobs where you’re dealing with a new situation all the time. They are probably the hardest of anything to be taken place of. In short, finding a job that needs adapting (适应) to the changing situations is a good way to avoid losing jobs. 1．Who may lose the job easily according to the text? A．A driver. B．A doctor. C．A reporter. D．A scientist. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．Jobs with important interpersonal relationships. B．Jobs that are really creative and enjoyable. C．Jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems. D．Jobs that you can do over and over again. 3．What’s the best title of the text? A．Reasons that AI will develop quickly. B．Jobs that need ability to solve problems. C．Jobs that AI won’t take the place of. D．Ways that we can use to avoid losing jobs. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文围绕人工智能（AI）对人类工作的影响展开，首先指出有报告显示AI可能取代人类四分之一的工作；随后转折说明并非所有工作都会被AI取代，并具体列举了三类AI难以替代的工作；最后总结指出，选择需要适应不断变化的环境的工作是避免失业的好方法。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first would be jobs that are really creative”和“The second is jobs with important interpersonal relationships.”以及“The third is jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems”可知，文中提到的AI难以替代的三类工作分别是：创造性工作、需人际关系的工作、需问题解决能力的工作，而“司机”的工作相对流程化，未被列入AI难以替代的范畴，因此更容易失业。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The third is jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems, like welders. These are the kinds of jobs where you’re dealing with a new situation all the time”可知，前文一直在介绍“需要大量问题解决能力的工作”，此处“ They”指代的就是这类工作。故选C。 3．最佳标题题。文章开篇提及AI对工作的冲击，随后重点介绍AI难以替代的三类工作，最终总结出“选择需要适应变化环境的工作”这一避免失业的方法，核心围绕“如何避免被AI取代工作”展开。故选D。 Shu embroidery (蜀绣) is one of China’s four famous embroidery styles—known for its bright colors and nice stitches (针脚). It has a long history and is an important part of Chinese culture. Chen Hongying is a well-known person who passes down this traditional art. Chen Hongying’s love for embroidery began when she was a child, watching her grandmother and mother create beautiful patterns (图案) with needles and threads. In 2008, she went to Chengdu to learn Shu embroidery from Master Zeng Xiangfen. She worked hard, even though her fingers were often hurt by needles. Her strong will and her love for embroidery made her keep going. It is true that the way is full of challenges, and Chen has done a lot of good things. First, she put together the skills of Shu embroidery and Su embroidery to create a special style. She also created a 3D embroidery picture of Marshal (元帅) Chen Yi, which took her seven years to complete. This work used 30 different embroidery stitches and showed the marshal’s great spirit. What’s more, she began training hundreds of people in her hometown of Lezhi in 2011, which helped the local women find jobs. With enough support, she has taken Shu embroidery to other cities and countries, such as Melbourne, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, sharing the beauty of this traditional art with the world. Chen Hongying believes that passing down traditional culture is not just about copying the old ways. “It is not about being a copy machine,” she says. It’s about understanding the importance of the tradition and then adding something new to it. She will keep working on Shu embroidery until she can no longer hold a needle. 1．What makes Shu embroidery famous according to the passage? A．Its 3D embroidery pictures. B．Its long history and simple patterns. C．Its modern styles and new material. D．Its bright colors and nice stitches. 2．Which words can best describe Chen? A．Strict and open-minded. B．Honest and warm-hearted. C．Humorous and well-educated. D．Creative and strong-minded. 3．What does Chen think of passing down traditional culture? A．Copying old patterns perfectly. B．Teaching as many people as possible. C．Understanding tradition while developing it. D．Spreading traditions to other countries. 4．What is the writing purpose of the text? A．To describe embroidery steps. B．To introduce Shu embroidery history. C．To show Chen’s story of passing Shu embroidery on. D．To compare different embroidery styles. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了蜀绣及陈红英传承蜀绣的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Shu embroidery is one of China’s four famous embroidery styles-known for its bright colors and nice stitches.”可知，蜀绣因鲜艳的色彩和精美的针脚而闻名。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Her strong will and her love for embroidery made her keep going.”以及第三段“she put together the skills...to create a special style”和“created a 3D embroidery picture”可知，陈红英既具有坚强的意志力，又富有创造力。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It’s about understanding the importance of the tradition and then adding something new to it.”可知，陈洪英认为传承传统文化不仅要理解传统，还要为其注入新的元素。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了陈红英学习、创新并传承蜀绣的故事，因此写作目的是展示陈红英传承蜀绣的事迹。故选C。 The Jiangsu Football City League, also called Su Chao, has become a big hit on the Chinese Internet. Many interesting slogans like “No cheating, just real rivalries” and “Game first, friendship fourteenth” show how intense the match is! Organized by the Jiangsu sports department and 13 city governments, the league encourages everyone to join and play for their city’s honor. It started on May 10 and will end on Nov 2. There are 516 players from 13 teams, including students, professional (专业的) players, and many amateurs (业余爱好者) aged 16 to 40. Matches mostly happen on weekends, with one round each week. Some cities offer freebies to attract visiting fans. For example, Changzhou gives free tickets to tourist spots and local snacks. Journalist Wu talked about why this league is different. He said that in China, people usually copy big leagues from other countries because they love the World Cup so much. But Jiangsu did something new. “Here, players are not famous stars getting paid a lot of money. They’re just common people you might know. The fans aren’t just strangers—they’re your family, friends, and neighbors. The soccer field isn’t just for professional players—it’s a place where everyone feels welcome,” Wu explained. “This league isn’t about being the best in the world. It’s about getting as many local people involved as possible. And that’s even better because it makes soccer a part of everyday life. Now, each city will have its own special soccer stories to remember.” 1．How long does the Jiangsu Football City League last? A．About 2 months. B．About 4 months. C．About 6 months. D．About 8 months. 2．What does the example of Changzhou show us? A．The matches in Changzhou are the most exciting. B．Cities are trying new ways to welcome fans. C．Changzhou has the most delicious snacks. D．All tourist spots in Changzhou are free now. 3．What makes the league special according to journalist Wu? A．It only has a lot of famous stars. B．It is only for the professional players. C．It is copied from other countries. D．It makes soccer a part of everyday life. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了由江苏省体育局和13个市政府共同组织的江苏省足球城市联赛，以及这个联赛的特别之处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Organized by the Jiangsu sports department and 13 city governments, the league encourages everyone to join and play for their city’s honor. It started on May 10 and will end on Nov 2.”可知，由江苏省体育局和13个市政府共同组织的联赛，鼓励每个人加入并为他们的城市的荣誉而战。它从5月10日开始，11月2日结束。由此可知，江苏省足球城市联赛从5月10日开始，11月2日结束，共持续6个月。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some cities offer freebies to attract visiting fans. For example, Changzhou gives free tickets to tourist spots and local snacks.”可知，一些城市提供免费赠品来吸引外地粉丝。例如，常州向外地粉丝免费发放景区门票和地方小吃。常州的例子向我们展示了城市正在尝试新的方式来欢迎球迷。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘Here, players are not famous stars getting paid a lot of money. They’re just common people you might know. The fans aren’t just strangers—they’re your family, friends, and neighbors. The soccer field isn’t just for professional players — it’s a place where everyone feels welcome,’ Wu explained.”可知，“这里，球员不是拿着高薪的明星——他们就是你身边普普通通的熟人。球迷不只是陌生人——他们是你的家人、朋友和邻居。足球场不仅仅是为职业球员准备的——它是一个让每个人都感到受欢迎的地方。”吴解释说。根据“And that’s even better because it makes soccer a part of everyday life.”可知，这甚至更好，因为它使足球成为日常生活的一部分。由此可知，根据吴记者的报道，是足球成为日常生活的一部分让联赛变得特别。故选D。 Cuckoos (布谷) are masters of cheating. When it comes to raising young, they don’t spend the energy building a nest (鸟巢), protecting eggs or feeding children. Instead, the female passes these roles on to other birds. They don’t raise their own young. Usually, they lay their eggs in the nests of other birds, fooling other birds into thinking the cuckoo eggs are theirs. To succeed in doing this, a female cuckoo watches over her chosen nest to observe feeding times. When the host parent leaves its nest in search of food, the cuckoo quickly lays her eggs among those already in the nest. Sometimes, she will even get rid of (除去) one of the host’s eggs to make room for her own. Cuckoos are medium-sized birds with long tails, and often have gray or brown backs. When they hatch (孵化) and begin to grow in a host’s nest, the difference between the two can be obvious to an onlooker. Often the cuckoo is twice the size of its foster parents (养父母), but still continues to receive food from them. The cuckoo imposter (冒名顶替者) is usually the only baby bird that the host parent has to care for. This is because when the cuckoo hatches after around 11 days, it gets rid of all the other eggs in the nest. It will lift each egg onto its back before throwing them one by one over the edge of the nest. Even then, the non-biological parent will continue to treat it as one of its own. Also, cuckoos have developed to produce eggs that are similar in color to their main hosts’. This reduces the chances of eggs being attacked. Female cuckoos have been known to take host birds’ attention away after laying their eggs by producing a noise similar to Eurasian sparrowhawks (欧亚雀鹰), scaring birds away from returning to the nest and allowing time for the cuckoo to make her escape unnoticed. 1．What do mother cuckoos usually do when it comes to raising their young? A．Take care of eggs. B．Build a new nest. C．Learn feeding skills. D．Depend on other birds. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Other cuckoos. B．Cuckoo’s host parents. C．Baby cuckoos. D．Cuckoo’s birth parents. 3．What can be inferred (推断) about the cuckoo imposter? A．It usually hatches out earlier than the other eggs in the nest. B．It throws all the other eggs out of nest with its mother’s help. C．It often makes a noise to scare other birds away from the nest. D．It looks much larger than other eggs in the nest before hatching. 4．What is the text mainly talking about? A．How cuckoos protect their children. B．How cuckoos fool other birds. C．How cuckoos destroy others’ nests. D．How cuckoos produce eggs. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了布谷鸟如何通过欺骗其他鸟类来抚养自己的幼鸟，包括将卵产在其他鸟类的巢中、模仿宿主卵的颜色以及幼鸟孵化后的行为等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Instead, the female passes these roles on to other birds. They don’t raise their own young.”可知，布谷鸟依赖其他鸟类抚养幼鸟。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Often the cuckoo is twice the size of its foster parents (养父母), but still continues to receive food from them.”可知，布谷鸟幼鸟的体型通常是养父母的两倍，但仍继续从它们那里获取食物，所以划线部分指代的是“foster parents”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“when the cuckoo hatches after around 11 days, it gets rid of all the other eggs in the nest”可推知，布谷鸟幼鸟通常比其他卵更早孵化。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕布谷鸟如何欺骗其他鸟类抚养其幼鸟展开，包括产卵策略、幼鸟行为及模仿宿主卵颜色等，B项符合。故选B。 I’ve noticed that conversations with my children have started to turn into something that I don’t like. It could be my fault. I don’t always think before I open my mouth. For example, my kids might call me to tell me about something that’s been bothering them. Then, as soon as they’re finished, I go into mom mode (模式). I can’t help it. It’s my default setting (默认设置). “You should ...”, “You need to consider ...”, “Have you thought of ...”, “If I were you, I’d…” “Mom!” I am the queen of unwanted advice. When I get one of my adult kids on the phone, I become an expert on everything and anything, which I’m obviously not. I want to be part of their lives. More importantly, I want to prevent them from making mistakes that seem so obvious to me. But they just want a listening ear and an open heart. I’m hardly alone in this. Over lunch the other day, a friend told me that her son rarely listened to anything she said. “It’s like talking to a wall,” she added. After listening to her complaint, I started to realize where my problem was because I knew that feeling well too. In fact, talking at is not the same as talking with. Giving advice to children can be full of problems. Though we may see ourselves sharing the wisdom of our years, they see something else. They see a controlling parent who hasn’t accepted the fact that they’ re adults with their own thoughts and feelings They’ re not looking for any tips or hints (暗示). They may not even want a quick solution to a difficult problem. What they’re hoping for is a safe place to talk with a person who loves and supports them no matter what. Because of this, I’ve given myself the goal of becoming a better parent by listening more. It’s not an easy task for parents like me who think they’re just being helpful. But I’m trying to do it anyway. 1．What made the author start to see her problem? A．A friend mentioned a similar case. B．Her kids stopped calling her. C．The nature of her conversations with her kids. D．The way her kids share their worries with her. 2．What can we know about the author’s “mom mode”? A．She likes to be an expert to the children’s problems. B．Her kids respond well to it. C．She keeps offering her useful suggestions D．It’s the best way of communication. 3．Why does giving advice to children cause problems? A．The advice cannot solve the problem. B．Children can’t learn to be independent. C．Parents can’t understand the problem. D．Parents and kids want different things. 4．What might the author do in the future? A．Become more helpful. B．Try to be a better listener. C．Be patient when talking. D．Stop giving any advice. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了作者作为母亲，总是不能与孩子们好好交流，因此希望自己通过成为一个更好的倾听者来成为一个更好的家长。 1．细节理解题。根据“After listening to her complaint, I started to realize where my problem was because I knew that feeling well too.”可知，朋友的类似经历让作者意识到自己的问题。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“I become an expert on everything and anything”和“They see a controlling parent”可知，作者的“mom mode”表现为喜欢对子女的问题充当专家。根据“Giving advice to children can be full of problems”可知，建议并不都是有用的，C选项是错误的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Though we may see ourselves sharing the wisdom…they see a controlling parent”和“What they’re hoping for is a safe place to talk with a person who loves and supports them no matter what.”可知，父母和子女在沟通中想要的东西不同。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“I’ve given myself the goal of becoming a better parent by listening more”可知，作者未来会努力成为一个更好的倾听者。故选B。 Since ancient times, music has been an important part of human life. It has been used for celebrations, special events, storytelling, and expressing emotions. But the true value of music is something we often don’t notice, even though it continuously presents in our lives. Studies show that music is not just a source of entertainment; it actually influences our physical and emotional well-being. Music influences us in many ways, from improving our mood to helping our memory. Research has proven that listening to music can reduce stress by lowering blood pressure and heart beats. For example, soft music is often used in hospitals to help patients feel relaxed. Meanwhile, fast songs are played during workouts to increase motivation and energy. Music has the power to change how we feel, encouraging happiness, inspiration, and even deep reflection. Moreover, music is known to improve cognitive functions (认知功能). Many students find that listening to music while studying helps them focus better and remember information. Studies also suggest that learning to play an instrument improves skills such as problem-solving, creativity, and body control. Music helps build new connections in the brain, making it better at dealing with hard information. Additionally, music treatment is now widely used to support mental health, helping people deal with worry, sadness, and painful memories in a safe, comforting way. Yet, not everyone realizes how deeply music shapes their daily lives. In a world full of noise, we often neglect the unbelievable effects of music on our emotional health. We forget that music is more than a background sound; it is a powerful tool for growth. Its sounds connect people across cultures and generations, providing a universal language that speaks directly to the heart. As much as music brings comfort and joy, it also teaches us about balance. Too much exposure (暴露) to loud or wild music can cause stress, harm our ears, and even influence our sleep. Therefore, just like with light and darkness, we must learn to appreciate (欣赏) music wisely, using it to improve our well-being instead of flooding our senses. Music is a gift that has always been with us, waiting to be truly appreciated. When we understand its power and use it mindfully, we can unlock new levels of creativity, peace, and connection. And in doing so, we rediscover what it truly means to be human. 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．Music lessons should be taught more in classes. B．Listening to music can help people exercise longer. C．Music helps people connect and grow in many ways. D．Learning to play instruments can increase motivation. 2．What does the word “neglect” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Look up to. B．Fail to notice. C．Examine carefully. D．Pay attention to. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．Music offers various ways to express ideas. B．Music improves students’ school performance. C．Music requires a quiet environment for best listening. D．Music influences how people think, learn, and interact. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【导语】本文探讨了音乐对人类生活的深远影响，从改善情绪、提升认知功能到促进人际连接等方面展开。研究表明，音乐不仅是娱乐方式，还能通过调节血压、帮助记忆、支持心理健康等途径影响人的生理与情感健康，同时强调应明智地欣赏音乐，以发挥其积极作用。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Music has the power to change how we feel”、第三段“improve cognitive functions”及第四段“connect people across cultures”可知，音乐在情绪、认知、人际连接等多方面促进人类成长。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“not everyone realizes how deeply music shapes their daily lives... we often neglect the unbelievable effects of music”可知，“neglect”与“not realize”语义相近，指“未能注意到”音乐的影响。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。文章从生理（降低血压）、心理（改善情绪）、认知（提升记忆力）、社交（跨文化连接）等维度，阐述了音乐对人类思维、学习和互动的影响。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (常州专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,科学技术 2 适中 说明文,科学技术,意见/建议 3 较难 科普知识,说明文,志愿服务 4 适中 中华文化,说明文,颜色 5 适中 说明文,外貌与性格,细节理解 6 适中 科普知识,说明文 7 适中 中华文化,说明文,健康与运动 8 适中 说明文,友谊 9 适中 信息技术,说明文,科学技术 10 适中 工作与职业,说明文,科学技术 11 适中 中华文化,说明文,传统工艺 12 适中 说明文,竞技/比赛 13 较易 说明文,常见动物 14 适中 家人和亲人,说明文,家庭关系 15 较难 科普知识,说明文,音乐与舞蹈 【中考真题】 For those whose hearts often go off beat, pacemakers (心脏起搏器) are life savers. By providing a small electrical support at the right moment, they can keep a heart working properly. Their main problem is that they use batteries. Even the best of them will run out of energy, and changing the batteries requires operations. Since operations are usually best avoided, the search has been on for long-lasting batteries. Different choices have been explored for a long time. Today, pacemakers with lithium (锂) batteries last between 5 and 15 years. Zhang Hao, from Shanghai Second Military Medical University, and Yang Bin, from Shanghai Jiao Tong University, tried a way to refill a pacemaker’s battery with electricity (电) by getting energy from inside the body. They report in the magazine ACS Nano that they have also used the heart muscle (肌肉) itself to work. Earlier efforts by other scientists to use heart muscle power to run pacemakers depend on piezoelectric materials (压电材料). These materials can be connected to a beating heart and produce electricity when they are slightly deformed (弯曲). This has worked, but not well enough: the output has rarely been over 5 microwatts (微瓦), while most pacemakers require at least ten. Dr Zhang and Dr Yang believed that they could improve matters by making their piezoelectric materials more dramatically deformed, and then produce 15 microwatts, because the more deformed, the more electricity will be produced. They put their idea to the test in a 50kg pig. It made enough electricity for the pacemaker to work as expected. Whether such an idea will pass human tests remains to be seen. But if it does, the days of pacemakers that need battery changes through operations may not last long. 1．According to the first two paragraphs, what is a problem with pacemakers? A．They often go off beat. B．Their energy can be used up. C．Operations often influence them. D．They sometimes do harm to hearts. 2．From this passage, what do we know about piezoelectric materials? A．They can be used to produce electricity. B．They can deform the heart to make it beat faster. C．They were first used by Zhang Hao and Yang Bin. D．They were proved to produce 15 microwatts in human tests. 3．What does the word “dramatically” in the 4th paragraph most probably mean? A．Comfortably. B．Safely. C．Greatly. D．Rapidly. 4．What is the best title for this article? A．No Need to Use Pacemakers B．The Problem with Piezoelectric Materials C．The Contribution of Chinese Scientists to Heart Operations D．Chinese Scientists Found a New Way to Improve Pacemakers Citizen science is when public volunteers take part in scientific projects by collecting information or monitoring (监测) possible problems and then report their findings back to research groups. This method is meaningful because it allows scientists to get lots of information and better understand animals, nature and more. As a teenager student, you can join in different kinds of such projects. Below are some great ideas you can consider. Watch frogs (青蛙) Join Frog Watch to help monitor wetland frog populations. Your efforts will help scientists check populations and detect any rare or alien kinds early. Learn more at frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org. Watch stars The online Galaxy Zoo project lets you look at space photos and put them into different groups by shape so that scientists can learn more about what is in outer space—and you don’t even need a telescope (望远镜)! Visit galaxyzoo.org to find out more. Count birds Join the Summer Bird Count from July 20 to August 10. Many citizen scientists will get together and count all the birds they see to help scientists learn more about how birds travel. Visit summerbirdcount.org to get more information. Take water samples (样本) Visit monitorwater.org to order a lesson that will teach you how to test water for pH, temperature and freshness. Enter your results on their website to help scientists better understand the state of the world’s water. 1．Why do you join a citizen science project? A．To make money. B．To become a scientist. C．To help with science research. D．To train others on scientific knowledge. 2．What should you pay attention to when you watch stars? A．Size. B．Shape. C．Number. D．Quality. 3．If you are interested in chemistry, you can visit ________. A．frogwatch.next.fieldscope.org B．galaxyzoo.org C．summerbirdcount.org D．monitorwater.org Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood, for example. Everyday life is full of chances for such actions, yet people do not always make the most of them. In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior. In the experiments (实验), about 1, 000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing (执行) the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate (评分) how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s expectations of the receiver’s mood with the receiver’s actual (实际的) experience. For one, both performers and receivers experienced more positive (积极的) moods. For another, the receivers felt much better than the kind performers expected. The receivers also rated these acts as “bigger” than the people performing them did. At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected. These findings suggest that what might seem small could matter a great deal to the person we do it for. Considering these warm actions can improve our own mood and brighten the day of another person, why not choose kindness when we can? 1．What did the receivers do in the experiments? A．They showed kindness to others. B．They guessed the performers’ feelings. C．They rated how valuable the performers’ act of kindness was. D．They compared the performers’ expectations with their actual results. 2．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．Different purposes of the research. B．More evidence for the research results. C．Possible influences of the research findings. D．Another explanation of the research methods. 3．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards showing kindness to others? A．Supportive. B．Unclear. C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested. 4．What is the main idea of this article? A．Being kind can reduce one’s happiness as expected. B．Kindness can have unexpectedly positive influences. C．Choosing kindness is more difficult than expected. D．Showing kindness is more valuable than receiving it. 【热点话题练习】 Traditional Chinese colors play a key role in Chinese aesthetics. However, they are more than just beautiful shades—they have deep cultural meanings. These colors are not chosen randomly (随机). Instead, they are closely connected to history, nature, and social values. Let’s explore how these colors are used and what they stand for. In ancient China, there were five primary colors: cyan (青色), red, yellow, white, and black. Unlike the modern Western primary color system, these colors were linked to Wu Xing (the Five Elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, water. They also stood for directions and seasons. This connection made them more than just pretty colors. Yellow stood for the earth and the center. It became the color of the emperor. In the Tang, Ming, and Qing dynasties, only the royal family could wear bright yellow. The emperor’s clothes and palace roofs (like those of the Forbidden City) were yellow, showing the highest power. Red means fire, the south, and summer. It stands for joy and good luck. During the Chinese New Year, people hang red lanterns and give red packets. At weddings, people wear red and use red decorations to keep away bad luck and celebrate new starts. Even today, red is still the top choice for important and happy events. By mixing the five primary colors, people made secondary colors. For example, green comes from cyan and yellow. It means life and nature. In Chinese gardens, green plants and ponds create a peaceful feeling. Pink, from red and white, means grace. It was often used in women’s clothes. In art, colors are used to express feelings. Ink paintings use black and white in light to dark shades to show mountains, rivers, and feelings. Blue and white porcelain (青花瓷) has a blue design on a white base (基底). It looks clear and elegant. It became famous around the world through the Silk Road. The contrast (对比) between dark blue and bright white creates a clean and timeless beauty with special Eastern magic. It was once popular along the Silk Road, making it a global symbol of Chinese culture. 1．What does the underlined word “aesthetics” in the first paragraph probably mean? A．The study of beauty and taste. B．The study of history and society. C．The study of colors and shapes. D．The study of nature and elements. 2．How does the writer talk about secondary colours in the passage? A．By telling a story of how secondary colors were invented. B．By explaining what they are and giving examples. C．By comparing them with Western secondary colors. D．By listing problems of using secondary colors. 3．According to the passage, why did blue and white porcelain become a global symbol of Chinese culture? A．Because it was only used by Chinese emperors. B．Because making it is very simple. C．Because it has special Eastern beauty and was spread widely. D．Because it uses all five traditional primary colors. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The history of Chinese ink paintings. B．The making of blue and white porcelain. C．The cultural meanings and uses of traditional Chinese colors. D．The differences between Chinese and Western color systems. “Your personality has three different layers (层),” says Robyn Fivush, a psychologist at Emory University. First, there are your most basic personality traits (特征), including how open you are to new experiences, and whether you like to be with other people or prefer to be alone, and how stressed out you get in challenging situations. Your basic traits are pretty obvious (明显的) even when you’re a baby. “Some babies are a little bit fussier or a little bit more active or a little bit more smiley. Those can develop into more stable personality traits,” Fivush says. “They stay pretty much the same as you grow up.” The next layer of your personality is your experiences. If your family is loving and responsive when you’re a baby, that teaches you “the world is a safe and trusting place, I’m going to be OK, my needs are going to be met, and if anything bad happens, I have people to take care of me,” Fivush says. That feeling of trust and security lasts for your whole life, and it tends to make you more confident and capable of dealing with difficulties when you are an adult. “The third layer is the stories you tell about yourself,” Fivush says. “We all tell stories about our lives, both to ourselves and to other people. Those stories give meaning to your experiences. They can be stories about your own life—like how much you loved your science teacher, what a great time you had when she helped you with your science fair project, and how that made you want to be a scientist. But your family’s stories are equally important.” Knowing about how your parents met, or what your grandmother’s childhood was like, helps you see where you come from. And talking with your family about both the happy and sad times you’ve experienced can help you understand those events more clearly and learn different ways to deal with challenges. Family stories don’t just teach you who you are—they help you figure out who you want to be. 1．According to the passage, which of the following is one of a person’s most basic personality traits? A．Growing up in a wealthy family. B．Being open to new experiences. C．Sharing family stories with teachers. D．Understanding events in an easy way. 2．What will a man most probably be like if he grows up in a loving family? A．Confident. B．Generous. C．Honest. D．Helpful. 3．Why are family stories important? A．Because they can make your dream come true. B．Because they can make you feel happy and relaxed. C．Because they can help you understand who you want to be. D．Because they can help you deal with any difficulties you meet. Have you thought of a world where you can control machines with just your thoughts? Scientists are working on Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) to make it possible. BCIs are devices (装置) that connect the human brain directly to outside things, such as computers or other machines. They let our brains send messages to the outside machines, and the machines can understand and do what we want. This is like having a superpower where you can think and things happen! BCIs can be really helpful in medicine. One of the most exciting uses of BCIs is in healthcare. For example, if someone has a stroke (中风) and can’t move his arm, a BCI might help him learn to move it again. People with other brain problems might also get better care because doctors can see what’s going on inside their brains. In education, BCIs could make learning much easier and more enjoyable. With a BCI, a student with a learning disability can now process information easily. Or you can get lots of help with a subject you’re struggling with by using your brain signals. BCIs could open up new worlds of knowledge for us, helping us to perform tasks that were impossible or highly challenging in the past. However, there are also some concerns about BCIs. Some people are worried about privacy (隐私) as we must carefully consider who can see our thoughts and feelings. There are also concerns about the risk that someone could use BCIs to hurt or control other people. We need to make sure the technologies are used in a good and fair way. Even with these challenges, BCIs are really exciting. They could change how we live and learn in ways we can’t even imagine yet. As we move forward, it’s important to think carefully about how we use BCIs and make sure they’re safe and helpful for everyone. 1．What are BCIs created for by scientists according to the passage? A．Stopping outside machines from controlling our brains. B．Making outside machines do what people want. C．Allowing computers to make better decisions for people. D．Helping common people get superpower to control others. 2．Which of the following can BCIs do according to the passage? A．They can cure most brain diseases without doctors. B．They can help patients fix new arms after a stroke. C．They can provide better education for people in need. D．They can offer learners help by recommending teachers. 3．What does the underlined word “concerns” mean? A．Research. B．Worries. C．Suggestions. D．Dreams. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to BCIs in general? A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Hopeless. D．Supportive. China’s taijiquan, or tai chi, was added to the List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (人类非物质文化遗产) on Dec 17, 2020. Although several years have passed, Chen Bing is still excited about it. He was the first man to show the beauty of tai chi in the international introduction film. On its website, taijiquan is described as “A traditional physical practice with relaxed movements that work together with breathing and help develop a peaceful mind.” Taijiquan was influenced by ancient ideas of traditional Chinese medicine. It has developed into many schools (宗派) or styles, usually named after a school or a master, such as Yang-style and Chen-style. Chen is one of the inheritors (继承者) of the Chen-style taijiquan. He has been practicing it since he was six years old under the guidance of his uncles, Chen Xiaowang and Chen Xiaoxing, two famous masters of Chen-style taijiquan in Henan Province. “Chen-style taijiquan has the longest history, and other styles directly or indirectly branched out from it,” Chen added. Public popularity has grown greatly in China in recent years. Chen and 100 other masters have been livestreaming (直播) on video-sharing mobile apps like Douyin and Kuaishou. The livestreaming has attracted more than 400,000 viewers. To make taijiquan more popular, Chen also made a simple video of some of the movements to help people relax at the office. He has made a lot of effort in passing on his taijiquan wisdom during all of his online courses. “The understanding of taijiquan develops as the practice continues,” Chen explained. “As a teenager, it might be a kind of exercise that strengthens your body and improves your fighting skills. As the experience grows, it becomes easier to enjoy its beauty,” he added. Chen said taijiquan has taught him to stay calm during life’s ups and downs and face the world with an open mind. He has taught more than 400 students, who, in turn, have passed the knowledge on to their students. 1．What do we know about taijiquan according to the passage? A．It is a traditional Chinese Kungfu mainly used for fighting. B．It is a kind of physical practice that makes people excited. C．It helps people achieve a balance between mind and body. D．It shows the beauty of nature and the wisdom of the Chinese. 2．What does the underlined word “branched out” mean in English? A．protected B．developed C．prevented D．chose 3．Why does Chen livestream taijiquan online? A．To show off his amazing fighting skills. B．To strengthen his body and become a master. C．To attract more viewers to make more money. D．To spread the exercise to make it more popular. From “eating dazi” to “working out dazi” to “traveling dazi”, a new social trend (趋势) is taking off in China among young people. Dazi often refers to “tied-by-side” or just “activity partner” in Chinese. It means people find new ways to connect with others and share their hobbies. Dazi makes social life easier and more comfortable. Unlike traditional friends who often need to hang out with each other and keep in close contact, a dazi is a more relaxed social partner. Getting along with a dazi means one doesn’t have to accommodate (迁就) the other because of different interests and hobbies, which will greatly reduce social costs. In China, many young people are turning to dazi relationships to deal with their busy lives. Dazi is a quick and convenient way to socialize without a long-term promise. It provides a way for young people to build social connections and fight against loneliness, without needing to care too much about each other like in close relationships. Moreover, social media makes it easy to find people with shared interests for certain activities. However, finding a “dazi” often comes with some hazards. This includes meeting strangers in person, which can put you at risk of harm. So be careful when meeting an online dazi. To stay safe, always meet your online “dazi” in public and let someone know where you are going. A short-term friendship formed through dazi can probably turn into a long-term relationship. While a dazi relationship is typically started for a certain activity, shared experiences and interests can lead to a deeper connection over time. If both parties are willing to spend time and effort developing a stronger relationship, it is possible for the friendship to become a long-term relationship. However, it’s important to respect each other’s personal space when building a relationship, without getting too involved or crossing any lines. 1．What does the underlined word “hazards” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Dangers. B．Rules. C．Surprises. D．Disagreements. 2．Compared (对比) with a traditional friend, a dazi _________. A．takes more time to get along with B．is often based on a long-term relationship C．makes social life easier and more relaxed D．requires a higher level of emotional support 3．What can we infer from the passage about dazi relationships? A．A dazi relationship usually requires a long-term promise. B．Young people can easily find a dazi through social media. C．A dazi relationship will certainly turn into a long-term friendship. D．Getting along with a dazi needs much accommodation. 4．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) towards dazi relationships? A．He thinks dazi is completely safe and should be encouraged. B．He believes dazi is useless for fighting against loneliness. C．He disagrees with the idea of turning dazi into long-term relationships. D．He has a balanced view—knowing the benefits and warning about the risks. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have become very powerful, surprising even their creators. Now, some people say there should be a pause (暂停) in AI work to make sure it doesn’t become dangerous, but not everyone agrees. Most people have probably read a book or seen a movie or show about an AI or robot that has become so smart that it can take over the world. The AI in stories like these is known as an AGI or Artificial General Intelligence. A true AGI would be intelligent in many different areas and would be able to learn on its own. Now, there are no AGIs. It will be many years before an AGI could possibly be created. Nowadays most AI tools are good at just one task, like answering questions, or identifying (识别) objects in photos. But scientists have worked to improve AI models, mainly by training the models on larger and larger collections of information. Those efforts are paying off. Extremely large models have surprised even their creators with what they can do. The AI tool that’s got the most attention recently is ChatGPT, created by the company OpenAI. ChatGPT is a Large Language Model (LLM). ChatGPT allows users to “chat” with a powerful LLM. When asked a question, ChatGPT answers quickly in perfect sentences. It makes up stories and games, writes papers, programs computers, and much more. ChatGPT appears to be extremely intelligent. But really, ChatGPT is simply guessing — based on its training information — which word is most likely to come next, over and over again. Last month, OpenAI announced a more powerful model called GPT-4. GPT-4 can create and explain jokes, and pass tests that are difficult for humans. GPT-4 was also trained on pictures, and can use them in powerful ways. For example, it can create a working website from a description and a rough (粗略的) drawing of the site. The rapid progress of recent AI models worries some people. Last week, many computer experts released a letter calling for a six-month pause for any work on AI tools stronger than GPT-4. Not all AI experts agreed with the letter. ChatGPT has caused so much excitement that many companies are likely to keep developing powerful AI tools. But the letter has sent a strong warning that many people—including leaders—will be thinking about it carefully. 1．Which of the following sentences about “AGIs” is TRUE? A．They have brought people many real problems. B．They are too smart to take over the world. C．They are intelligent only in the computer world. D．They needn’t be trained by humans. 2．Which of the following phrases “pay off” has the same meaning as the underlined one in Paragraph 3? A．We all know that the extra time spent studying now will pay off in the future. B．Since he couldn’t pay off his credit cards, he left university and began working for a restaurant. C．It’s impossible to pay off the police to let you go in our country. D．It took the couple 30 years to pay off the money spent on their house. 3．Which of the following things can GPT-4 do but ChatGPT can’t? A．It can answer a question quickly in perfect sentences. B．It can program computers as well as write papers. C．It can create a website from a rough drawing. D．It can make up stories and games. 4．What’s the best title of the passage? A．Are AGIs Becoming Too Intelligent? B．Are AI Tools Becoming Too Powerful? C．Is ChatGPT Causing Too Much Excitement? D．Is GPT-4 Getting Too Much Attention? Since the start of robots, many people have been afraid that robots would take the place of humans in some fields. Now, some scientists say AI robots really are coming for some jobs. A March 2023 report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do. In Europe and America, 300 million people may lose jobs because of AI. But it’s not all bad news. Scientists have pointed out that there are still jobs that AI can’t do. People who get these kinds of jobs have less risk of losing work. The first would be jobs that are really creative: you need to come up with new ideas and build something new. For example, in science, people whose job is coming up with new ideas may keep their jobs. The second is jobs with important interpersonal relationships. Doctors and reporters are some of them. These are jobs where you need a very deep understanding of people. It will be a long time before AI has the ability to build relationships with human beings. The third is jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems, like welders (焊工). These are the kinds of jobs where you’re dealing with a new situation all the time. They are probably the hardest of anything to be taken place of. In short, finding a job that needs adapting (适应) to the changing situations is a good way to avoid losing jobs. 1．Who may lose the job easily according to the text? A．A driver. B．A doctor. C．A reporter. D．A scientist. 2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to? A．Jobs with important interpersonal relationships. B．Jobs that are really creative and enjoyable. C．Jobs that really need lots of ability to solve problems. D．Jobs that you can do over and over again. 3．What’s the best title of the text? A．Reasons that AI will develop quickly. B．Jobs that need ability to solve problems. C．Jobs that AI won’t take the place of. D．Ways that we can use to avoid losing jobs. Shu embroidery (蜀绣) is one of China’s four famous embroidery styles—known for its bright colors and nice stitches (针脚). It has a long history and is an important part of Chinese culture. Chen Hongying is a well-known person who passes down this traditional art. Chen Hongying’s love for embroidery began when she was a child, watching her grandmother and mother create beautiful patterns (图案) with needles and threads. In 2008, she went to Chengdu to learn Shu embroidery from Master Zeng Xiangfen. She worked hard, even though her fingers were often hurt by needles. Her strong will and her love for embroidery made her keep going. It is true that the way is full of challenges, and Chen has done a lot of good things. First, she put together the skills of Shu embroidery and Su embroidery to create a special style. She also created a 3D embroidery picture of Marshal (元帅) Chen Yi, which took her seven years to complete. This work used 30 different embroidery stitches and showed the marshal’s great spirit. What’s more, she began training hundreds of people in her hometown of Lezhi in 2011, which helped the local women find jobs. With enough support, she has taken Shu embroidery to other cities and countries, such as Melbourne, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, sharing the beauty of this traditional art with the world. Chen Hongying believes that passing down traditional culture is not just about copying the old ways. “It is not about being a copy machine,” she says. It’s about understanding the importance of the tradition and then adding something new to it. She will keep working on Shu embroidery until she can no longer hold a needle. 1．What makes Shu embroidery famous according to the passage? A．Its 3D embroidery pictures. B．Its long history and simple patterns. C．Its modern styles and new material. D．Its bright colors and nice stitches. 2．Which words can best describe Chen? A．Strict and open-minded. B．Honest and warm-hearted. C．Humorous and well-educated. D．Creative and strong-minded. 3．What does Chen think of passing down traditional culture? A．Copying old patterns perfectly. B．Teaching as many people as possible. C．Understanding tradition while developing it. D．Spreading traditions to other countries. 4．What is the writing purpose of the text? A．To describe embroidery steps. B．To introduce Shu embroidery history. C．To show Chen’s story of passing Shu embroidery on. D．To compare different embroidery styles. The Jiangsu Football City League, also called Su Chao, has become a big hit on the Chinese Internet. Many interesting slogans like “No cheating, just real rivalries” and “Game first, friendship fourteenth” show how intense the match is! Organized by the Jiangsu sports department and 13 city governments, the league encourages everyone to join and play for their city’s honor. It started on May 10 and will end on Nov 2. There are 516 players from 13 teams, including students, professional (专业的) players, and many amateurs (业余爱好者) aged 16 to 40. Matches mostly happen on weekends, with one round each week. Some cities offer freebies to attract visiting fans. For example, Changzhou gives free tickets to tourist spots and local snacks. Journalist Wu talked about why this league is different. He said that in China, people usually copy big leagues from other countries because they love the World Cup so much. But Jiangsu did something new. “Here, players are not famous stars getting paid a lot of money. They’re just common people you might know. The fans aren’t just strangers—they’re your family, friends, and neighbors. The soccer field isn’t just for professional players—it’s a place where everyone feels welcome,” Wu explained. “This league isn’t about being the best in the world. It’s about getting as many local people involved as possible. And that’s even better because it makes soccer a part of everyday life. Now, each city will have its own special soccer stories to remember.” 1．How long does the Jiangsu Football City League last? A．About 2 months. B．About 4 months. C．About 6 months. D．About 8 months. 2．What does the example of Changzhou show us? A．The matches in Changzhou are the most exciting. B．Cities are trying new ways to welcome fans. C．Changzhou has the most delicious snacks. D．All tourist spots in Changzhou are free now. 3．What makes the league special according to journalist Wu? A．It only has a lot of famous stars. B．It is only for the professional players. C．It is copied from other countries. D．It makes soccer a part of everyday life. Cuckoos (布谷) are masters of cheating. When it comes to raising young, they don’t spend the energy building a nest (鸟巢), protecting eggs or feeding children. Instead, the female passes these roles on to other birds. They don’t raise their own young. Usually, they lay their eggs in the nests of other birds, fooling other birds into thinking the cuckoo eggs are theirs. To succeed in doing this, a female cuckoo watches over her chosen nest to observe feeding times. When the host parent leaves its nest in search of food, the cuckoo quickly lays her eggs among those already in the nest. Sometimes, she will even get rid of (除去) one of the host’s eggs to make room for her own. Cuckoos are medium-sized birds with long tails, and often have gray or brown backs. When they hatch (孵化) and begin to grow in a host’s nest, the difference between the two can be obvious to an onlooker. Often the cuckoo is twice the size of its foster parents (养父母), but still continues to receive food from them. The cuckoo imposter (冒名顶替者) is usually the only baby bird that the host parent has to care for. This is because when the cuckoo hatches after around 11 days, it gets rid of all the other eggs in the nest. It will lift each egg onto its back before throwing them one by one over the edge of the nest. Even then, the non-biological parent will continue to treat it as one of its own. Also, cuckoos have developed to produce eggs that are similar in color to their main hosts’. This reduces the chances of eggs being attacked. Female cuckoos have been known to take host birds’ attention away after laying their eggs by producing a noise similar to Eurasian sparrowhawks (欧亚雀鹰), scaring birds away from returning to the nest and allowing time for the cuckoo to make her escape unnoticed. 1．What do mother cuckoos usually do when it comes to raising their young? A．Take care of eggs. B．Build a new nest. C．Learn feeding skills. D．Depend on other birds. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to? A．Other cuckoos. B．Cuckoo’s host parents. C．Baby cuckoos. D．Cuckoo’s birth parents. 3．What can be inferred (推断) about the cuckoo imposter? A．It usually hatches out earlier than the other eggs in the nest. B．It throws all the other eggs out of nest with its mother’s help. C．It often makes a noise to scare other birds away from the nest. D．It looks much larger than other eggs in the nest before hatching. 4．What is the text mainly talking about? A．How cuckoos protect their children. B．How cuckoos fool other birds. C．How cuckoos destroy others’ nests. D．How cuckoos produce eggs. I’ve noticed that conversations with my children have started to turn into something that I don’t like. It could be my fault. I don’t always think before I open my mouth. For example, my kids might call me to tell me about something that’s been bothering them. Then, as soon as they’re finished, I go into mom mode (模式). I can’t help it. It’s my default setting (默认设置). “You should ...”, “You need to consider ...”, “Have you thought of ...”, “If I were you, I’d…” “Mom!” I am the queen of unwanted advice. When I get one of my adult kids on the phone, I become an expert on everything and anything, which I’m obviously not. I want to be part of their lives. More importantly, I want to prevent them from making mistakes that seem so obvious to me. But they just want a listening ear and an open heart. I’m hardly alone in this. Over lunch the other day, a friend told me that her son rarely listened to anything she said. “It’s like talking to a wall,” she added. After listening to her complaint, I started to realize where my problem was because I knew that feeling well too. In fact, talking at is not the same as talking with. Giving advice to children can be full of problems. Though we may see ourselves sharing the wisdom of our years, they see something else. They see a controlling parent who hasn’t accepted the fact that they’ re adults with their own thoughts and feelings They’ re not looking for any tips or hints (暗示). They may not even want a quick solution to a difficult problem. What they’re hoping for is a safe place to talk with a person who loves and supports them no matter what. Because of this, I’ve given myself the goal of becoming a better parent by listening more. It’s not an easy task for parents like me who think they’re just being helpful. But I’m trying to do it anyway. 1．What made the author start to see her problem? A．A friend mentioned a similar case. B．Her kids stopped calling her. C．The nature of her conversations with her kids. D．The way her kids share their worries with her. 2．What can we know about the author’s “mom mode”? A．She likes to be an expert to the children’s problems. B．Her kids respond well to it. C．She keeps offering her useful suggestions D．It’s the best way of communication. 3．Why does giving advice to children cause problems? A．The advice cannot solve the problem. B．Children can’t learn to be independent. C．Parents can’t understand the problem. D．Parents and kids want different things. 4．What might the author do in the future? A．Become more helpful. B．Try to be a better listener. C．Be patient when talking. D．Stop giving any advice. Since ancient times, music has been an important part of human life. It has been used for celebrations, special events, storytelling, and expressing emotions. But the true value of music is something we often don’t notice, even though it continuously presents in our lives. Studies show that music is not just a source of entertainment; it actually influences our physical and emotional well-being. Music influences us in many ways, from improving our mood to helping our memory. Research has proven that listening to music can reduce stress by lowering blood pressure and heart beats. For example, soft music is often used in hospitals to help patients feel relaxed. Meanwhile, fast songs are played during workouts to increase motivation and energy. Music has the power to change how we feel, encouraging happiness, inspiration, and even deep reflection. Moreover, music is known to improve cognitive functions (认知功能). Many students find that listening to music while studying helps them focus better and remember information. Studies also suggest that learning to play an instrument improves skills such as problem-solving, creativity, and body control. Music helps build new connections in the brain, making it better at dealing with hard information. Additionally, music treatment is now widely used to support mental health, helping people deal with worry, sadness, and painful memories in a safe, comforting way. Yet, not everyone realizes how deeply music shapes their daily lives. In a world full of noise, we often neglect the unbelievable effects of music on our emotional health. We forget that music is more than a background sound; it is a powerful tool for growth. Its sounds connect people across cultures and generations, providing a universal language that speaks directly to the heart. As much as music brings comfort and joy, it also teaches us about balance. Too much exposure (暴露) to loud or wild music can cause stress, harm our ears, and even influence our sleep. Therefore, just like with light and darkness, we must learn to appreciate (欣赏) music wisely, using it to improve our well-being instead of flooding our senses. Music is a gift that has always been with us, waiting to be truly appreciated. When we understand its power and use it mindfully, we can unlock new levels of creativity, peace, and connection. And in doing so, we rediscover what it truly means to be human. 1．What can we learn from the passage? A．Music lessons should be taught more in classes. B．Listening to music can help people exercise longer. C．Music helps people connect and grow in many ways. D．Learning to play instruments can increase motivation. 2．What does the word “neglect” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．Look up to. B．Fail to notice. C．Examine carefully. D．Pay attention to. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．Music offers various ways to express ideas. B．Music improves students’ school performance. C．Music requires a quiet environment for best listening. D．Music influences how people think, learn, and interact. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $