Unit 8 Once upon a Time 一般过去时Ⅱ、一般过去时与一般现在时辨析、What How 引导的感叹句（单元核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版七年级下册

Unit 8 Once upon a Time . 核心语法精练（一般过去时Ⅱ、一般过去时与一般现在时辨析、What/How 引导的感叹句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 6 三、按要求完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语法选择 8 题型二 任务型阅读 10 一、一般过去时（深化叙事用法） 本单元侧重用一般过去时完整叙述故事，重点强化 be 动词 / 实义动词句式与不规则动词过去式记忆，搭配故事类时间标志词。 1. 含 be 动词的一般过去时（was/were） 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 There was a king.（从前有一位国王） 否定句 主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他 They weren't at home then.（他们那时不在家） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ Was she in the forest?（她在森林里吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ Where were you last night?（你昨晚在哪里？） 2. 含实义动词的一般过去时（did / 过去式） 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 The mouse bit the lion.（老鼠咬了狮子） 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 He didn't see the girl.（他没看见那个女孩） 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you hear the story?（你听过这个故事吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did they do then?（他们后来做了什么？） 3. 故事类时间标志词 once upon a time, long long ago, one day, then, after that, finally 等。 二、不规则动词过去式（故事高频词） 故事叙述中大量使用不规则动词，需重点记忆本单元高频词，避免拼写错误。 原形 过去式 故事例句 bite bit The dog bit the man.（狗咬了那个人） catch caught The cat caught a bird.（猫抓了一只鸟） break broke He broke the glass.（他打碎了玻璃） say said She said nothing.（她什么也没说） see saw I saw a snake.（我看到了一条蛇） take took He took the book.（他拿走了那本书） go went They went to the village.（他们去了那个村庄） 三、What/How 引导的感叹句（抒发情感） 用于故事中抒发对人 / 事 / 物的强烈情感，掌握两种引导词的句式结构与区别。 引导词 核心结构 例句 省略形式 What What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! What a clever boy he is! （他是个多么聪明的男孩啊！） What a clever boy! How How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! How beautiful the dress is! （这条裙子真漂亮！） How beautiful! 四、there be 句型的过去式（故事开头常用） 用于故事开头描述 “某地有某物 / 某人”，be 动词用 was/were，遵循就近原则。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 There was + 单数 / 不可数名词 There was a big house.（有一座大房子） 肯定句 There were + 复数名词 There were many trees.（有许多树） 否定句 There wasn't/weren't + 名词 There weren't any people.（没有人） 一般疑问句 Was/Were there + 名词？ Was there a garden?（有花园吗？） 五、一般过去时 vs 一般现在时（核心辨析） 避免叙事中时态误用，明确两种时态在故事语境中的不同功能。 维度 一般过去时 一般现在时 核心含义 过去发生的故事、情节或状态 故事蕴含的道理、客观事实 标志词 once upon a time, then usually, always, every day 故事例句 The girl helped the old man. （女孩帮助了老人，表情节） The story teaches us to be kind. （故事教我们要善良，表道理） 不规则动词过去式记忆错误，如 bite→bited（×）→bit（√）。 实义动词一般疑问句中误用过去式，如 Did he went?（×）→Did he go?（√）。 there be 过去式的单复数混淆，如 There were a dog.（×）→There was a dog.（√）。 一、单项选择题。 1．—Is there ________ in the classroom?             —No. It’s empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．someone; Everyone B．anyone; Someone C．anyone; Everyone D．everyone; Everyone 2．—Do you mind if I turn the music down a bit? It is a bit loud. —Not at all. ______ I didn’t realize it was disturbing you. A．Go ahead. B．Go away. C．Go off. D．Go over. 3．—To begin with, I didn’t want to join the team, but I’m glad I did. — It turned out to be a great experience, right? A．Later on B．At first C．By accident D．As usual 4．The mice ________ bad in the cartoon. And the cat is ________ with them. A．are; angry B．is; angry C．is; afraid D．are; happy 5．They decided ________ the mountain this weekend. A．climb B．to climb C．climbing D．climbed 6．John taught ________ how to solve the puzzle by carefully studying the instructions. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 7．—What do you think of the story? —________. I want to read it again. A．I really enjoy it B．It’s terrible C．I can’t stand it D．I dislike it. 8．________, a bright idea came to my mind, and I knew how to solve the problem. A．Slowly B．Suddenly C．Quietly D．Unluckily 9．I will go to the library to ________ information about ancient Chinese culture. A．search for B．think of C．wait for D．work out 10．—________ did you stay in the library? —For two hours. A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far 11．She ________ to help me with my homework, and I felt relaxed. A．promised B．hoped C．started D．rushed 12．The boy is old enough ________ himself. A．dress B．to dress C．dressing D．dressed 13．The restaurant is ________ the post office. A．in B．on C．behind D．across 14．Jim is so rich that he often shows off (炫耀), but I think it is ________. A．happy B．true C．silly D．ugly 15．They were playing football on the playground ________ the heavy shower suddenly came. A．since B．while C．if D．when 二、选词填空。 1．We should take a (quick/quickly) shower. 2．No (fish/fishing) in the lake. 3．We went fishing and many photos. （take/took） 4．My sister (is/was) twelve years old last year. 5．Suddenly, a boy (cried/shouted), “Look! The emperor has no clothes on!” 6．People in the (street / city) praised the emperor’s new clothes. 7．The emperor’s officials couldn’t see the clothes, but they (said/told) “What lovely clothes!” 8． The emperor loved new (clothes/shoes) very much. 9．She likes painting and wants to be an .( artist/teacher) 三、按要求完成句子。 1．橘子洲在春天，橘子洲到处都是花。 In spring, there are flowers Juzizhou. 2．一切到最后都会好起来的。 Everything will be all right . 3．那只昆虫试图咬穿塑料包装纸，但没有成功。 The insect tried the plastic wrapper, but failed. 4．令我们惊讶的是，我们的老师在假期前为每个人准备了一份小礼物。 , our teacher prepared a small gift for everyone before the holiday. 5．不管发生什么，你总是应该说实话。 You should always , no matter what happens. 6．They made a decision to take a trip to Mount Yuntai. They a trip to Mount Yuntai. 7．He was successful in getting to the top of the mountain. (改为同义句) He getting to the top of the mountain. 8．He stopped smoking because of his illness.（改为同义句） He smoking because of his illness. 9．Emma said nothing after she heard the news. (改为同义句) Emma say after she heard the news. 10．They went to Shanghai by plane last month. (改为同义句) They Shanghai last month. 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A king was a music lover. So he looked for the best instrument in the world. A man gave the king a harp (竖琴). The king took it to the palace, 1 the harp sounded terrible when he played it. Then the king threw away (扔掉) the harp 2 . A poor little girl found the harp. She didn’t know how to play it, but she 3 to have a try. She played it every day, for months and 4 . The music was never beautiful, but each time it sounded a little 5 than before. Then on 6 sunny morning, the girl suddenly started to play the most beautiful music. 7 fact, it was a magic harp. Only hard-working people could 8 it well. The king heard the music from his window and called the girl to the palace. There 9 a lot of people in the palace. When the girl played the harp, everyone was moved by her music. They all became 10 fans (粉丝). 1．A．and B．but C．so D．because 2．A．happy B．happily C．unhappy D．unhappily 3．A．decides B．decided C．will decide D．decide 4．A．year B．years’ C．year’s D．years 5．A．worse B．bad C．better D．good 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．On B．Of C．In D．At 8．A．to invite B．invite C．to play D．play 9．A．was B．is C．were D．are 10．A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 二、任务型阅读 An elephant and a crocodile (鳄鱼) were once standing by a river. They were arguing (争吵) which was the better animal. “I can pull up a tree with my strong trunk (象鼻),” said the elephant. “But your skin is not as thick (厚的) as mine,” said the crocodile. A lion heard their words and said, “I can give you a test and then I can tell between you.” Then the lion pointed across the river and asked them to bring the hat on that wall to him. The crocodile was good at swimming, so he got to the other side and soon stood beside the wall first. After a while, the elephant arrived. When he saw the crocodile couldn’t reach the hat, he used his long trunk to take it down easily. On the way back, the elephant tried to get ahead of the crocodile in the water. Unluckily, the elephant’s hat fell to the river because he wasn’t careful enough. The crocodile swam down and brought it up in his mouth. Finally, the crocodile put the hat at the lion’s feet. The lion took it up and said to the elephant, “Your trunk helped you reach the hat, but you couldn’t get it back in the water.” “And you,” said the lion to the crocodile, “you couldn’t reach the hat, but you could save it in the end. So everyone is good at something.” 1．An elephant and a crocodile were arguing . (不超过5词) 2．What did the lion ask the elephant and the crocodile to do? (不超过15词) ______________________________________ 3．The elephant’s hat fell into the river because of (不超过3词) 4．How did the crocodile save the hat? (不超过10词) ______________________________________ 5．What do you think of the lion? (不超过20词) ______________________________________ ( 1 / 11 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Once upon a Time . 核心语法精练（一般过去时Ⅱ、一般过去时与一般现在时辨析、What/How 引导的感叹句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单项选择 3 二、选词填空 6 三、按要求完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语法选择 8 题型二 任务型阅读 10 一、一般过去时（深化叙事用法） 本单元侧重用一般过去时完整叙述故事，重点强化 be 动词 / 实义动词句式与不规则动词过去式记忆，搭配故事类时间标志词。 1. 含 be 动词的一般过去时（was/were） 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 其他 There was a king.（从前有一位国王） 否定句 主语 + wasn't/weren't + 其他 They weren't at home then.（他们那时不在家） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 其他？ Was she in the forest?（她在森林里吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他？ Where were you last night?（你昨晚在哪里？） 2. 含实义动词的一般过去时（did / 过去式） 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 The mouse bit the lion.（老鼠咬了狮子） 否定句 主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他 He didn't see the girl.（他没看见那个女孩） 一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ Did you hear the story?（你听过这个故事吗？） 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ What did they do then?（他们后来做了什么？） 3. 故事类时间标志词 once upon a time, long long ago, one day, then, after that, finally 等。 二、不规则动词过去式（故事高频词） 故事叙述中大量使用不规则动词，需重点记忆本单元高频词，避免拼写错误。 原形 过去式 故事例句 bite bit The dog bit the man.（狗咬了那个人） catch caught The cat caught a bird.（猫抓了一只鸟） break broke He broke the glass.（他打碎了玻璃） say said She said nothing.（她什么也没说） see saw I saw a snake.（我看到了一条蛇） take took He took the book.（他拿走了那本书） go went They went to the village.（他们去了那个村庄） 三、What/How 引导的感叹句（抒发情感） 用于故事中抒发对人 / 事 / 物的强烈情感，掌握两种引导词的句式结构与区别。 引导词 核心结构 例句 省略形式 What What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + (主语 + 谓语)! What a clever boy he is! （他是个多么聪明的男孩啊！） What a clever boy! How How + 形容词 / 副词 + (主语 + 谓语)! How beautiful the dress is! （这条裙子真漂亮！） How beautiful! 四、there be 句型的过去式（故事开头常用） 用于故事开头描述 “某地有某物 / 某人”，be 动词用 was/were，遵循就近原则。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 There was + 单数 / 不可数名词 There was a big house.（有一座大房子） 肯定句 There were + 复数名词 There were many trees.（有许多树） 否定句 There wasn't/weren't + 名词 There weren't any people.（没有人） 一般疑问句 Was/Were there + 名词？ Was there a garden?（有花园吗？） 五、一般过去时 vs 一般现在时（核心辨析） 避免叙事中时态误用，明确两种时态在故事语境中的不同功能。 维度 一般过去时 一般现在时 核心含义 过去发生的故事、情节或状态 故事蕴含的道理、客观事实 标志词 once upon a time, then usually, always, every day 故事例句 The girl helped the old man. （女孩帮助了老人，表情节） The story teaches us to be kind. （故事教我们要善良，表道理） 六、易错点提示 不规则动词过去式记忆错误，如 bite→bited（×）→bit（√）。 实义动词一般疑问句中误用过去式，如 Did he went?（×）→Did he go?（√）。 there be 过去式的单复数混淆，如 There were a dog.（×）→There was a dog.（√）。 一、单项选择题。 1．—Is there ________ in the classroom?             —No. It’s empty. ________ is out to play sports! A．someone; Everyone B．anyone; Someone C．anyone; Everyone D．everyone; Everyone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——教室里有人吗？——没有。教室里是空的。所有人都出去做运动了！ 考查不定代词辨析。someone某人，常用于肯定句；anyone任何人，常用于否定句或疑问句；everyone每个人。第一句是一般疑问句，应用anyone；根据“No. It’s empty.”可知，第二句指所有人都出去了，应用everyone。故选C。 2．—Do you mind if I turn the music down a bit? It is a bit loud. —Not at all. ______ I didn’t realize it was disturbing you. A．Go ahead. B．Go away. C．Go off. D．Go over. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你介意我把音乐调小一点吗？有点大声了。——一点也不。调吧。我之前没意识到它打扰到你了。 考查动词短语辨析。Go ahead继续，进行；Go away走开；Go off(警报等)响起；Go over仔细检查，复习。根据“Do you mind if I turn the music down a bit? It is a bit loud.”和“Not at all.”可知，此处同意对方调小音乐的请求，用Go ahead符合语境，此处意为“请吧，做吧”。故选A。 3．—To begin with, I didn’t want to join the team, but I’m glad I did. — It turned out to be a great experience, right? A．Later on B．At first C．By accident D．As usual 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——起初，我不想加入这个团队，但我很高兴我加入了。——结果证明这是一次很棒的经历，对吧？ 考查介词短语。Later on后来、稍后；At first起初、一开始；By accident偶然、意外地；As usual像往常一样。根据前半句“didn’t want to join the team”可知，不想加入团队是“最开始”的想法，后半句“glad I did”，很高兴加入是后续的转变，“To begin with”是“起初、首先”，“At first”表示“最初的阶段”，与“To begin with”语义完全匹配，故选B。 4．The mice ________ bad in the cartoon. And the cat is ________ with them. A．are; angry B．is; angry C．is; afraid D．are; happy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在动画片里，老鼠是很坏的。猫对它们很生气。 考查主谓一致和形容词辨析。are是，主语是第一、三人称复数和第二人称单复数现在时；is是，be的三单形式；angry生气的；afraid害怕的；happy开心。根据“And the cat is...”可知句子应用一般现在时，主语为The mice，表示复数意义，因此选be动词are，不选B和C；根据“the cat”和“The mice”可知，老鼠和猫天生为敌，因此应用be angry with sb表示“对某人很生气”。故选A。 5．They decided ________ the mountain this weekend. A．climb B．to climb C．climbing D．climbed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们决定这个周末去爬山。 考查动词不定式作宾语。decide to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。因此用动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 6．John taught ________ how to solve the puzzle by carefully studying the instructions. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】D 【详解】句意：John通过仔细研究说明书，自学了如何解决这个谜题。 考查代词辨析。he（主格）他；him（宾格）他；his（形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词）他的；himself（反身代词）他自己。句中主语为John，宾语与主语指同一人，应用反身代词，构成“teach oneself”结构，意为 “自学”，故选D。 7．—What do you think of the story? —________. I want to read it again. A．I really enjoy it B．It’s terrible C．I can’t stand it D．I dislike it. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得这个故事怎么样？ ——我真的很喜欢它。我想再读一遍。 考查情景交际。I really enjoy it我真的很喜欢它；It’s terrible它很糟糕；I can’t stand it我无法忍受它；I dislike it我不喜欢它。根据“I want to read it again.”可知，此处指的是我喜欢这个故事，故选A。 8．________, a bright idea came to my mind, and I knew how to solve the problem. A．Slowly B．Suddenly C．Quietly D．Unluckily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：突然，我脑海中闪过一个好主意，然后我知道了如何解决这个问题。 考查副词辨析。Slowly慢慢地；Suddenly突然地；Quietly安静地；Unluckily不幸地。根据“a bright idea came to my mind”以及后面知道如何解决问题，可知这个主意是突然出现的，用“Suddenly”符合语境。故选B。 9．I will go to the library to ________ information about ancient Chinese culture. A．search for B．think of C．wait for D．work out 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我将去图书馆寻找有关中国古代文化的信息。 考查动词短语。search for寻找；think of考虑；wait for等待；work out解决。根据“I will go to the library to…information about ancient Chinese culture.”可知，此处指的是去图书馆寻找有关中国古代文化的信息。故选A。 10．—________ did you stay in the library? —For two hours. A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How far 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在图书馆待了多长时间？——两个小时。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长；How soon多久；How often多久一次；How far多远。根据“For two hours.”可知，问句询问多长时间。故选A。 11．She ________ to help me with my homework, and I felt relaxed. A．promised B．hoped C．started D．rushed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她承诺帮我做作业，然后我感到很轻松。 考查动词辨析。promised承诺；hoped希望；started开始；rushed匆忙。根据“and I felt relaxed.”可知，自己因对方的承诺感到放松和安心。故选A。 12．The boy is old enough ________ himself. A．dress B．to dress C．dressing D．dressed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个男孩已经足够大，可以自己穿衣服了。 考查固定句型。dress动词原形；to dress动词不定式；dressing现在分词/动名词；dressed过去式。 be old enough to do sth.表示“足够大去做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to dress。故选B。 13．The restaurant is ________ the post office. A．in B．on C．behind D．across 【答案】C 【详解】句意：餐馆在邮局的后面。 考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；behind在……后面；across穿过。根据“The restaurant is...the post office.”可知，此处描述餐馆和邮局的位置关系，结合选项，behind符合语境，表示餐馆在邮局的后面。故选C。 14．Jim is so rich that he often shows off (炫耀), but I think it is ________. A．happy B．true C．silly D．ugly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉姆很有钱，他经常炫耀，但我认为这很愚蠢。 考查形容词辨析。happy开心的；true真的；silly愚蠢的；ugly丑的。根据“Jim is so rich that he often shows off”可知，Jim炫富的行为应是很愚蠢。故选C。 15．They were playing football on the playground ________ the heavy shower suddenly came. A．since B．while C．if D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当大暴雨突然来临时，他们正在操场上踢足球。 考查连词辨析。since自从；while当……时，表示从句的动作和主句动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词需用延续性动词；if如果；when当……时，强调从句动作发生时，主句动作正在发生。根据“They were playing football on the playground...the heavy shower suddenly came.”可知，此处指从句动作发生时，主句动作正在发生，从句的谓语动词came不是延续性动词。故选D。 二、选词填空。 1．We should take a (quick/quickly) shower. 【答案】quick 【详解】句意：我们应该快速洗个澡。quick“快速的”，形容词，quickly“快速地”，副词，空处修饰名词shower，用形容词quick作定语。故填quick。 2．No (fish/fishing) in the lake. 【答案】fishing 【详解】句意：禁止在湖里钓鱼。“No + 动名词”表示“禁止做某事”，此处表达禁止在湖里进行钓鱼这一行为，应用动名词形式。故填fishing。 3．We went fishing and many photos. （take/took） 【答案】took 【详解】句意：我们去钓鱼了，还拍了很多照片。句子中“went”是“go”的过去式，表明句子时态是一般过去时，and 连接并列的谓语动词，形式要保持一致，所以此处动词也得用过去式。“take”是动词原形，“took”是“take”的过去式。故填took。 4．My sister (is/was) twelve years old last year. 【答案】was 【详解】句意：我的妹妹去年12岁。根据“last year”可知，句子时态是一般过去时 ，动词需要使用过去式，was符合，故填was。 5．Suddenly, a boy (cried/shouted), “Look! The emperor has no clothes on!” 【答案】shouted 【详解】句意：突然，一个男孩喊道：“看！皇帝没穿衣服！”cried“哭泣”；shouted“大声呼喊”。根据“Look! The emperor has no clothes on!”可知，男孩是突然激动地向众人宣告“皇帝没穿衣服”这一惊人发现，用“shouted”更符合语境，故填shouted。 6．People in the (street / city) praised the emperor’s new clothes. 【答案】street 【详解】句意：街上的人们赞扬皇帝的新衣。根据“People in the...praised the emperor’s new clothes.”及所给单词及课文内容可知，此处表示街上的人们赞扬皇帝的新衣。street“街道”；city“城市”。故选street。 7．The emperor’s officials couldn’t see the clothes, but they (said/told) “What lovely clothes!” 【答案】said 【详解】句意： 皇帝的官员们看不见衣服，但他们说：“多么漂亮的衣服啊！”said“说”，后接说话的内容，told“告诉”，通常后面接人，告诉某人某事，根据“What lovely clothes!”可知，是说话的内容，因此用said。故填said。 8． The emperor loved new (clothes/shoes) very much. 【答案】clothes 【详解】句意：皇帝非常喜爱新衣服。根据课文内容可知皇帝喜欢新衣服，clothes“衣服”符合语境。故填clothes。 9．She likes painting and wants to be an .( artist/teacher) 【答案】artist 【详解】句意：她喜欢画画，想成为一名艺术家。 根据“She likes painting and wants to be an ...”以及备选词可知，此处表达“成为一名艺术家”，art对应的职业名词是artist，意为“艺术家”，且“an”后接以元音音素开头的单词，符合语境。故填artist。 10．Life has a lot of worries, but we should always live .(hopefully/hopeful) 【答案】hopefully 【详解】句意：生活中有很多烦恼，但我们应该始终充满希望地生活。根据“Life has a lot of worries, but we should always live ...”及备选词汇可知，此处指“我们应该总是充满希望地生活”，hopeful“有希望的”符合语境，此处需要副词修饰动词live，hopeful的副词形式是hopefully“充满希望地”。故填hopefully。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．橘子洲在春天，橘子洲到处都是花。 In spring, there are flowers Juzizhou. 【答案】 all over 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“到处都是”的英文表达。all over是固定短语，意为“到处；遍及”，后接地点名词Juzizhou，符合橘子洲到处都是花的语境。故填all；over。 2．一切到最后都会好起来的。 Everything will be all right . 【答案】 in the end 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“最后”。“最后”常用固定短语in the end，在句中作时间状语，修饰整个句子。故填in；the；end。 3．那只昆虫试图咬穿塑料包装纸，但没有成功。 The insect tried the plastic wrapper, but failed. 【答案】 to bite through 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“试图咬穿”的完整表达。“试图做某事”用固定搭配try to do sth，“咬穿”的固定短语是bite through。故填to；bite；through。 4．令我们惊讶的是，我们的老师在假期前为每个人准备了一份小礼物。 , our teacher prepared a small gift for everyone before the holiday. 【答案】 To our surprise 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“令我们惊讶的是”。“令某人惊讶的是”翻译为固定短语To one’s surprise，句首字母大写，“某人”对应的是“我们的”，即our。故填To；our；surprise。 5．不管发生什么，你总是应该说实话。 You should always , no matter what happens. 【答案】 tell the truth 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“说实话”。tell the truth是固定短语，意为“说实话”，且句子中情态动词should后接动词原形，因此tell用动词原形。故填tell；the；truth。 6．They made a decision to take a trip to Mount Yuntai. They a trip to Mount Yuntai. 【答案】 decided to take 【详解】句意：他们决定去云台山旅游。原句中的“made a decision to do sth.”意思是“决定做某事”，相当于decide to do sth.，take a trip“去旅游”，原句为一般过去时，动词decide改为过去式，因此可以用短语“decided to take”替换。故填decided；to；take。 7．He was successful in getting to the top of the mountain. (改为同义句) He getting to the top of the mountain. 【答案】 succeeded in 【详解】句意：他成功地登上了山顶。“be successful in” 表示“成功完成某事”。形容词短语“be successful in” 与动词短语“succeed in”二者可以互换，本句是一般过去时，动词succeed也应该用过去式succeeded。故填succeeded；in。 8．He stopped smoking because of his illness.（改为同义句） He smoking because of his illness. 【答案】 gave up 【详解】句意：因为生病，他戒烟了。stop smoking=give up smoking“戒烟”。根据“stopped”可知，句子是一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。故填gave；up。 9．Emma said nothing after she heard the news. (改为同义句) Emma say after she heard the news. 【答案】 didn’t anything 【详解】句意：埃玛听到这个消息后什么也没说。say nothing意为“什么都没有说”，相等于“助动词的否定形式+say anything”，时态是一般过去时，所以助动词用didn’t。故填didn’t；anything。 10．They went to Shanghai by plane last month. (改为同义句) They Shanghai last month. 【答案】 flew to 【详解】句意：他们上个月乘飞机去了上海。根据“They went to Shanghai by plane last month.”可知，by plane表示“乘飞机”，等同于动词短语fly to，根据原句时态，一般过去时，fly需用过去式flew。故填flew；to。 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A king was a music lover. So he looked for the best instrument in the world. A man gave the king a harp (竖琴). The king took it to the palace, 1 the harp sounded terrible when he played it. Then the king threw away (扔掉) the harp 2 . A poor little girl found the harp. She didn’t know how to play it, but she 3 to have a try. She played it every day, for months and 4 . The music was never beautiful, but each time it sounded a little 5 than before. Then on 6 sunny morning, the girl suddenly started to play the most beautiful music. 7 fact, it was a magic harp. Only hard-working people could 8 it well. The king heard the music from his window and called the girl to the palace. There 9 a lot of people in the palace. When the girl played the harp, everyone was moved by her music. They all became 10 fans (粉丝). 1．A．and B．but C．so D．because 2．A．happy B．happily C．unhappy D．unhappily 3．A．decides B．decided C．will decide D．decide 4．A．year B．years’ C．year’s D．years 5．A．worse B．bad C．better D．good 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．On B．Of C．In D．At 8．A．to invite B．invite C．to play D．play 9．A．was B．is C．were D．are 10．A．herself B．hers C．she D．her 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文讲述了一把竖琴的故事，国王得到竖琴因声音难听丢弃，小女孩捡到后努力练习，最终让魔法竖琴奏响美妙音乐，获得众人喜爱。 1．句意：国王把它带到宫殿，但是当他弹奏时，竖琴声音很难听。 and和；but但是；so所以；because因为。根据“The king took it to the palace, ... the harp sounded terrible when he played it”可知，“带到宫殿”和“声音难听”是转折关系。故选B。 2．句意：然后国王不高兴地扔掉了竖琴。 happy开心的，形容词；happily开心地，副词；unhappy不开心的，形容词；unhappily不开心地，副词。根据“Then the king threw away (扔掉) the harp ...”可知，国王因竖琴难听不开心地扔掉，修饰动词threw away用副词。故选D。 3．句意：她不知道怎么弹奏它，但她决定试一试。 decides决定，一般现在时；decided决定，一般过去时；will decide决定，一般将来时；decide决定，动词原形。全文是一般过去时，此处需保持时态一致。故选B。 4．句意：她每天弹奏，持续了数月和数年。 year年，名词单数；years’年的，单数所有格；year’s年的，复数所有格；years年，名词复数。根据“She played it every day, for months and ...”可知，and为并列连词，months“数月”，为名词复数，空格处需用相同词性与之并列。for months and years“数月数年”符合题意。故选D。 5．句意：音乐从没美妙过，但每次听起来都比之前好一点。 worse更差的；bad差的；better更好的；good好的。根据“but each time it sounded a little ... than before”可知，虽然不美妙，但有进步，即比之前好。故选C。 6．句意：然后在一个晴朗的早晨，女孩突然开始弹奏最美妙的音乐。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头单词前；the定冠词；/零冠词。根据“Then on ... sunny morning”可知，此处表示泛指一个晴朗的早晨，需用不定冠词；且sunny是辅音音素开头。故选A。 7．句意：事实上，它是一把魔法竖琴。 On在……上；Of……的；In在……里；At在具体点。in fact“事实上”是固定短语。故选C。 8．句意：只有努力的人能把它弹奏好。 to invite邀请，不定式；invite邀请，动词原形；to play弹奏，不定式；play弹奏，动词原形。根据“Only hard-working people could ... it well”可知，could后接动词原形；且竖琴为乐器，常与play搭配。故选D。 9．句意：宫殿里有很多人。 was单数，一般过去时；is单数，一般现在时；were复数，一般过去时；are复数，一般现在时。根据“There ... a lot of people in the palace”可知，a lot of people是复数，全文一般过去时，用were体现主谓一致。故选C。 10．句意：他们都成了她的粉丝。 herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；she她，主格代词；her她的，形容词性物主代词。根据“They all became ... fans (粉丝)”可知，修饰名词fans用形容词性物主代词体现所属关系。故选D。 二、任务型阅读 An elephant and a crocodile (鳄鱼) were once standing by a river. They were arguing (争吵) which was the better animal. “I can pull up a tree with my strong trunk (象鼻),” said the elephant. “But your skin is not as thick (厚的) as mine,” said the crocodile. A lion heard their words and said, “I can give you a test and then I can tell between you.” Then the lion pointed across the river and asked them to bring the hat on that wall to him. The crocodile was good at swimming, so he got to the other side and soon stood beside the wall first. After a while, the elephant arrived. When he saw the crocodile couldn’t reach the hat, he used his long trunk to take it down easily. On the way back, the elephant tried to get ahead of the crocodile in the water. Unluckily, the elephant’s hat fell to the river because he wasn’t careful enough. The crocodile swam down and brought it up in his mouth. Finally, the crocodile put the hat at the lion’s feet. The lion took it up and said to the elephant, “Your trunk helped you reach the hat, but you couldn’t get it back in the water.” “And you,” said the lion to the crocodile, “you couldn’t reach the hat, but you could save it in the end. So everyone is good at something.” 1．An elephant and a crocodile were arguing . (不超过5词) 2．What did the lion ask the elephant and the crocodile to do? (不超过15词) ______________________________________ 3．The elephant’s hat fell into the river because of (不超过3词) 4．How did the crocodile save the hat? (不超过10词) ______________________________________ 5．What do you think of the lion? (不超过20词) ______________________________________ 【答案】1．by/beside the river 2．He asked them to bring the hat on that wall to him. 3．the elephant’s carelessness. 4．He swam down and brought it up in his mouth. 5．The lion is smart and fair. 【导语】本文讲述了一个关于大象和鳄鱼争论谁更优秀的寓言故事。 1． 根据“An elephant and a crocodile were once standing by a river. They were arguing which was the better animal.”可知，一头大象和一条鳄鱼在河边争吵。故填by/beside the river 2．根据“Then the lion pointed across the river and asked them to bring the hat on that wall to him.”可知，狮子让大象和鳄鱼把河对岸墙上的帽子取来给他。故填He asked them to bring the hat on that wall to him. 3．根据“Unluckily, the elephant’s hat fell to the river because he wasn’t careful enough.”可知，帽子掉进河里是因为大象不够小心。故填the elephant’s carelessness. 4．根据“The crocodile swam down and brought it up in his mouth.”可知，鳄鱼游下去，用嘴把帽子叼了起来。故填He swam down and brought it up in his mouth. 5．文章讲述了狮子想出测试方法，让大象和鳄鱼展现各自能力，还总结出每个人都有擅长的事，说明狮子很聪明、公正。故填The lion is smart and fair. ( 1 / 11 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $