2026-2027学年新人教版英语七年级下Unit7-8教材复习

七升八暑假教学内容 T同步(7B U7-8复习) C专题(一般过去时) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ( T同步 —— 七年级 下 U nit 7 - 8 复习 ) ( 同步知识梳理 )（大脑放电影~） 七下Unit 7-Unit 8基础知识梳理 类别 课标考点要求 词 汇 攻 关 Unit 7 1. n.博物馆______________ 2. n.展览______________ 3. n.方向______________→adj.直接的 v.指导______________ 4. adj.糟糕的____________ 5. n.旅行___________→去旅行go ________ a trip 6. n.废水______________ 7. n.工厂 v.种植 n.植物____________ 8. prep.到......里面；进入______________ 9. v.移开；拿走______________ 10. n.片；块____________→一片.. _____ piece of... 11. n.废弃物；v.浪费_____________ 12. n.机器______________ 13. n.微生物；细菌______________ 14. n.步骤；脚步______________ 15. v.认识到；实现______________ 16. prep.在......里面；adv.在里面__________→(反)在外面____________ 17. n.过程______________ 18. n.戏院；剧场；电影院______________ 19. n.工厂______________ 20. n.演员_____________ 21. n.枪______________ 22. prep.沿着；顺着____________ 23. n.道路______________ 24. v.创造____________→adj.有创造力的______________ 25. v.记录；n.记录______________ 26. n.技能____________ 27. v.探索______________ 28. n.帐篷______________ 29. n.黄瓜______________ 30. adv.直接；立即；笔直地；adj.直的_______________ 31. v.装满；盛满________→用...填满...fill...________.... 32. n.篮子；筐______________ 33. v.教___________→过去式____________→n.老师______________→教某人做某事teach sb. ______________ sth. 34. n.分支；树枝______________→pl. ______________ 35. n.树叶___________ →pl. ____________ 36. adv.最后____________=______ the end=______ last→adj.最后的______________ 37. n.谷物；谷粒______________ 38. adj.新鲜的______________ 39. adv.肯定地______________→adj.肯定的______________ 40. n.日记；日记本_____________→pl.______________→写日记__________ a diary 41. n.（日记的）一则；入口______________ 42. v.赞成；同意____________→(反)v.不同意______________→n.同意______________→同意做某事agree ___________ sth.→同意某人的观点agree ____________ sb. Unit 8 1. prep.在……之上______________→从前once upon _______ time 2. v.咬；咬伤_____________→过去式__________→咬穿bite ______________ 3. n.网；网状物______________ 4. n.猎人；搜寻者______________→v.打猎______________→去打猎go ______________ 5. v.承诺；保证；n.承诺；诺言____________→承诺做某事promise ______________ sth.→许诺make _____ promise 6. n.战争______________ 7. n.邻居______________ 8. adj.明智的；高明的___________→adv.明智地___________→n.智慧______________ 9. n.皇帝______________ 10. v.撒谎；n.谎言______→说谎tell __________ 11. v.假装；伪装______________→假装做某事pretend ____________ sth. 12. n.官员；高级职员______________ 13. adj.愚蠢的；傻的___________ 14. v.决定____________→n.决定______________→决定做某事decide ____________ sth. 15. v.&n.赞美；表扬_____________→因...而表扬某人praise sb. ________ sth. 16. adj.害怕的；担心的____________→害怕某物be afraid _______ sth.→害怕做某事be afraid ____________ sth. 17. adv.突然地；出乎意料地______________→adj.突然的______________→突然all of _____ sudden 18. n.真相；事实____________→adj.符合事实的；真正的________→adv.真地__________→说实话tell the ___________ 19. v.不喜欢；厌恶；讨厌______________ 20. n.君主；国王______________ 21. n.美术家；艺术家____________→n.美术，艺术__________→adj.艺术的______________ 22. adv.快速地；很快____________→adj.快的___________ 23. v.微笑；n.微笑；笑容____________ 24. adj.丑陋的；难看的______________ 25. n.小鸭子______________ 26. adj.真的；真正的_________→adv.真正地___________ 27. v.寻找；搜寻______________ 28. n.母鸡______________ 29. adv.有希望地______________→adj.有希望的______________→v./n.希望_________ 30. v.下（蛋）；放置；搁________→过去式__________ 31. n.天鹅______________ 32. n.羽毛______________ 33. n.尺寸；大小__________ 34. n.渔夫_____________→pl._______________ 35. n.钓鱼；捕鱼______________→n.鱼 v.钓鱼_________→去钓鱼go ______________ 36. v.死亡；消失_______→n.死亡___________→adj.死的___________→adj.快死的_____________ 37. pron.某人；有人______________ 38. v.使处于某种状况；使开始，设置___________ 39. adj.富有的；富含……的_________ 40. adj.强大的；有影响力的______________→n.权力，力量______________ 41. pron.任何人；某个人_____________ 42. pron.他自己,他本人____________→他(主格)______→他(宾格)________→他的(形容词性)________→他的(名词性)_______ 短 语 归 纳 Unit 7 1. a day ______ remember值得纪念的一天 2. ______ the past在过去 3. meet up _______ sb与某人碰头；与某人相聚 4. go ________ a trip (to sp) 去(某地)旅行 5. go _______________去游泳 6. science/art _____________科学/艺术博物馆 7. give _____________指点方向 8. give sb. directions _____ sp. 给某人指去某地的路 9. take the ____________ bus搭错车 10. talk _______ sb与某人交谈 11. be interested _______ 对……感兴趣  12. tell sb. __________ sth. 告诉某人某事 13. the wastewater ___________污水处理厂 14. remove…_________… 从.....除掉；移走 15. turned…__________…把……变成…… 16. the day __________ yesterday前天 17. ______ that special day在那个特殊的日子里 18. get _______ the wrong bus 上错车 19. try ______ 试穿 20. _________ a diary 写日记 21. _________ thoughts and feelings记录想法和感受 22. improve writing _________提高写作技巧 23. write __________写下；记下 24. large tents ___________ tomatoes and cucumbers有着西红柿和黄瓜的大帐篷 25. ___________…_______…从……到…… 26. cut…___________…把……从……剪掉 27. think ________考虑；想起 28. agree _________赞成；同意 29. arrive _______/______…到达 30. have a ____________ day度过难忘的一天 31. ________ holiday 在度假 32. lightning flash ________ the sky 闪电划过天空 33. _______ trouble在困境中 Unit 8 1. once upon ________ time 从前；很久以前 2. make ________ an ending for a story 编写故事的结局 3. bite ______________ 咬穿 4. ______________ the mouse 抓老鼠 5. promise _________ sth. 承诺去做某事 6. long (long) _________很久以前 7. come back ________ sth 带着某东西回来 8. join the _________ 参战 9. lie ______ sb对某人撒谎 10. pretend __________ sth. 假装做某事 11. decide ___________ sth. 决定去做某事 12. be afraid __________ sth. 害怕去做某事 13. begin/start _________/__________ sth. 开始做某事 14. tell the _________说实话 15. _______ first起初；最初 16. __________ money赚钱 17. get ________逃脱；离开  18. ______ picture of…一张……图画 19. all _________ 到处；遍及 20. laugh _______嘲笑 21. go __________走开 22. search ________寻找 23. say no ______ sb对某人说不 24. ______ eggs 下蛋；产卵 25. look ___________往下看 26. ______ sb's surprise出乎某人的意料 27. _______ size and colour在大小和颜色上 28. ________ if只有 29. fishing net______________ 30. come ________出现；盛开 31. make a ______________许下诺言 32. set…___________释放 33. years _______ years of waiting年复一年的等待 34. instead _______而不是；代替 35. succeed ______ doing sth. 成功做成某事 36. ______ the end最后；终究 37. take ____________发生 38. ________ the seashore在海边 重 点 句 型 Unit 7 1. I _________________________________________ last year.去年我对数学不感兴趣。 2. How was your school trip to the wastewater plant? 你的学校废水处理厂之旅怎么样? 3. Large machines ________________________________________________________.  大型机器从水中去除细菌和其他东西。 4. Many people back then work hard to create what we have today. 那时的许多人努力创造了我们今天所拥有的。 5. It was terrible. __________________________________________________________. 太可怕了，我上错车了，我也把书忘在车上了。 6. We _________________________________ from the past. 我们还试穿了一些过去的制服。 7. It was a day to remember, and it _________________________________________________. 这是值得纪念的一天，也让我想为更美好的未来努力工作。 8. The farmer ___________________________ how these fruits and vegetables go from the fields to our tables. 农民告诉我们这些水果和蔬菜是如何从田里送到我们的餐桌上的。 9. The work seemed easy，but it took time to get it right. 这项工作看起来很容易，但需要时间才能做好。 10. In the afternoon, the farmer ____________________________________________________. 下午，农民教我们如何从番茄植物上剪下枝叶。 11. It was tiring, but I enjoyed _________________________________. 这很累，但我喜欢用双手去劳作。 12. It made me think of the saying, “_____________________________________.” 使我想起了一句谚语:“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦” 13.If you try to learn something new each day, you'll make each day special. 如果你每天都尝试学习新的东西，你就会让每一天都变得特别。 14.At first it was a nice day, but then the weather changed, it started raining. 起初是美好的一天，但是后来天气变了，开始下雨了。 Unit 8 1. The emperor couldn't see anything ______________, but he said, “They're beautiful！” 皇帝什么也看不见，但他说：“他们很漂亮！” 2. ________________, a boy cried/shouted, “Look! The emperor has no clothes on！” 突然，一个男孩喊道：“看！皇帝没穿衣服！” 3. People ___________________________________ . They ______________________________. 街上/城里的人都称赞他们，他们也害怕自己看起来愚蠢。 4. Please tell me ________________________________！请告诉我你的想法！ 5. “We can make a lot of money by _________________ the emperor.” one of the brothers said. “骗皇帝可以赚很多钱。”其中一个兄弟说道。 6. It took me months to learn _________________________________________. 我花了几个月的时间才学会如何画好一匹马。 7. But the other ducklings still ______________________________________________. 但是其他鸭子仍然嘲笑他，并让他走开。 8. It made the poor duckling very sad, so he ________________________________________. 这让可怜的小鸭子很伤心，所以他决定去寻找一个新家。 9. The duckling looked down, and _______________________, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 小鸭低下头，惊讶地发现自己也是一只美丽的白天鹅。 10. We only like animals ________________________.You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs. 我们只喜欢有特殊技能的动物。只有当你能发出咕噜声或下蛋时，这里才欢迎你。 11. I believe I can find the right place for me. 我相信我能找到适合我的地方。 12. If anyone set me free, I would kill them ___________________________________________. 如果有人释放了我，我会杀了他们，而不是给他们任何东西。 13. Would the fisherman _____________________________________? 渔夫能够成功自救吗? 七下Unit 7-Unit 8重要知识解析 考点1：How was your school trip to the waste water plant? 你们去废水处理厂的学校郊游怎么样? 【名师解析】plant ①及物动词 意为 “种植；栽种；播种” 例句：They plant lots of trees every March.　他们每年都种很多树。 ② 可数名词 意为 “工厂；植物” 例句：There are two wastewater plants in our city.在我们市有两个废水处理厂。 Don't forget to water the plants.别忘记给植物浇水。 【对点导练】 1．He ________ (plant) trees every year. He ________ (plant) trees now. 2．The kids are enjoying ________ (plant) flowers in the garden. 3．There are many kinds of ________ (plant) in the rainforest. 考点2：Then, special screens remove large pieces of waste from the water. 然后，特殊的隔板除去水中的大块废弃物。 【名师解析1】remove及物动词，意为 “移开；拿走” 常用搭配：remove sth ___________ sth从某物中拿走某物 例句：My mother asked me to remove my shoes. 她让我把鞋脱掉。 【名师解析2】piece可数名词，意为 “片；块” 搭配：a piece of意为“一张；一片；一块”，其后可接不可数名词。 如：a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 two pieces of music 两首歌 【注意】a piece of cake 意为 “___________________” 【名师解析3】waste 的用法： · waste 作名词，意为 “废弃物；垃圾” 例句： Don’t put the waste into the river. :不要把垃圾扔河里。 It’s a waste of money to buy it. 买它是浪费钱。 · waste 作形容词，意为 “丢弃的；无用的” 例句：Don’t throw waste things around. 不要乱扔废弃物。 · waste 作及物动词，意为 “浪费” 常用搭配： waste time/money ________ sb./sth. 在某人/某事上浪费时间/金钱 waste time/money ______________ sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 例句：Don’t waste water. 不要浪费水。 【对点导练】 ( )1．“A piece of cake” means ________. A．difficult B．easy C．interesting D．boring ( )2．She bought ________ to prepare a good breakfast. A．two piece of bread B．two pieces of bread C．two piece of breads D．two pieces of breads 3．To get enough fresh water, people remove salt _________ sea water in some areas. 4．It’s not wise of a student to waste too much time ________ (play) video games. 5．Many children think doing chores is ________ waste of their time these days. 考点3：It takes a few more steps after that before the water becomes clean again. 在那之后让水又变干净之前还需要好几步。 【名师解析】used to意为”过去常常·····”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意.其中, to为不定式符号, 后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称. 肯定句 used to+动词原形 否定句 didn't use to+动词原形 usedn't to+动词原形(用于正式英语) 一般疑问句及其答语 -Did sb. use to+动词原形...? -Yes, sb. did./No, sb. didn't. 反意疑问句 附加疑问部分用”didn't/usedn't+sb.”或”did/used +sb).” used to 用于 there be结构中时,形式为 there used to be,表示”过去曾有”. 例句：①He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜. ②He didn't use to wear glasses./He usedn't to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜. ③-Did he use to wear glasses? 他过去戴眼镜吗? -Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他戴.／不,他不戴. 【辨析】used to do sth.，be/get used to doing sth.与be used to do sth. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 只用于过去时 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 用于现在、过去或将来时等多种时态 be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 用于多种时态 例句：He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。 Stamps can be used to send letters.邮票可以用来寄信. 【对点导练】 1．— Are you a teacher? —No, I’m not, but I was. I used __________(teach) English in a middle school. 2．I used _________(get) late. But now I am used to __________(get) up early. 3．Amy used ________(be) be a shy girl and hardly talked with others. 4． Jim used __________(live) in the small village. Now he get used to ___________(live) in the big city. 5．This robot is used _____________(cut) paper. 6．There used ____________(be) a lot of trees here, but now it has become desert. 7．People used ______________(believe) that the earth was flat(平的). 8．My mother used to_____________(制作) breakfast for me every morning, but now I do it myself. 9．Three colorful wooden blocks are_____________ (use) to make toys. 10．Maria used to watch TV, but now she is used to_____________(listen) to music. 11. The knife is used ______________(cut) things. 考点4：Fu Xing learnt about the cleaning process. 付兴了解了净化过程。 【名师解析】learn意为“学习，学会” ①learn…_________…=know about...意为“学习/知道/了解……”、“学习/知道/了解有关……的事情/情况” ②learn ______________ sth. 学会做某事 ③learn ______________ sb./sth. 向某人学习 【练一练】 1. Anna is going on a tour of Xi’an,and she wants to learn __________Chinese history. 2. We should learn a lesson ___________ the experience and don’t make the same mistake. 3. He learnt ___________(play) the piano when he was six years old. 考点5：...it made me want to work hard for a better future too. ..... 它也使我想为了一个更美好的未来而努力拼搏。 【名师解析】make使役动词，意为“使；让”。 【常用搭配】①make+sb. /sth.+__________ 意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。 例句：The news made him happy. 这个消息使他高兴。 ②make sb _______ sth让某人做事 （接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语） 例句：His father makes him ride a horse by himself.他爸爸让他独自骑马。 【拓展】与make有关的短语： make a decision 作决定 make a face/faces 做鬼脸 make money 赚钱 make up 组成 make progress取得进步 make sure确信，弄清楚 make up one’s mind 下决心 【练一练】 1. My mother often makes me ________(完成) my homework before dinner. 2. The good news makes everyone feel _____________(excite). 3. The good news makes me _____________(relax). 考点6：Slowly, we filled many baskets. 慢慢地，我们装满了许多篮子。 【名师解析】fill及物动词 意为 “装满；盛满” 其反义词是______________，意为“倒空”。 常用搭配：fill...__________... 用......把......装满 例句：Fill the bottle with sand .把瓶子装满沙子。 【拓展】be filled __________ = be full _______ 充满，装满 例句：The bottle is filled with water .=The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 【练一练】 1．—Can I fill the box _________ my model planes? —I’m afraid you can’t. It’s full _________ my books. 2．Now the streets are full ________ cars. 考点7：In the afternoon, the farmer taught us how to cut branches and leaves from tomato plants. 下午这位农民教我们怎样给番茄秧裁剪枝叶。 【名师解析】taught为___________的过去式，意为“教”，名词为teacher老师，teach此处作及物动词，后接“疑问词+动词不定式”，常用搭配： ①teach sb sth 教某人某事 例句：Peter taught me maths yesterday.　皮特昨天教我数学。 ② teach sb __________ sth 教某人做某事 例句：The girl taught me to dance.那个女孩教我跳舞。 ③ teach sb. how ___________ sth. 教某人如何做某事。 例如：Let me teach you how to use the computer. 让我教你怎么操作电脑。 ④teach oneself意为“自学”，相当于learn ________ oneself。 例如：She teaches herself English.=She learns English by herself.她自学英语 【对点导练】 1．—Mum, can you teach me how ________(cook) noodles? —Sure. It’s easy. 2． —Ms. Li teaches ________ (we) math. —Wow! She is a good _____________(teach). 3．Lisa is very kind and she often teaches me ___________(play) the piano. 4．—Who teaches you music? —Nobody, I teach ____________(I). 考点8：Do you agree with Sam that food tastes better when you work for them? 你同意萨姆说的当你为它们付出劳动使，食物唱起来更好? 【名师解析】agree〔动词〕赞成；同意；后面可跟动词不定式、that从句作宾语。 【辨析】agree with，agree to与agree on 词组 用法[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] 例句 agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等(即持同一观点)。 I quite agree with you. agree to sth/ do sth. 表示同意某事/同意做某事。 We agreed to leave early. agree on 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。 Both sides agreed on these terms. agree on＋动名词＝agree to＋动词原形 He agreed on helping us.＝He agreed to help us.他同意帮助我们。 【对点导练】 1．If you agree ________ me, please put up your right hand. 2．This morning, Linda agreed ________ (go) to the library with me after school. 3．At the meeting, I agreed ________ my cousin ________ his idea. 4．They agreed ________ their son and agreed ________(visit) the zoo with him. 5. We ___________(agree) with his idea, because it’s too dangerous. 6. Finally, everyone is in _____________(agree). 7. We agree _________((the date when to meet. 考点9：The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠承诺帮助狮子。 【名师解析】①promise用作及物动词，意为＂许诺，承诺＂，常用于以下三种结构： promise ___________ sth答应做某事 v. promise + that从句 promise sb sth=promise sth. to sb.答应某人某事 例句: My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。 My aunt promised me a bike. 我姑姑答应给我买一辆自行车。 ②promise还可以用作可数名词，意为＂承诺，诺言＂。常用短语有： make a promise/promises ___________ sth.允诺做某事 n. keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise 违背诺言 例句：Give me your promise that you’ll never be late again. 答应我你绝不再迟到了。 【对点导练】 1. Can Tom keep ___________(he) promise? 2. They promised _____________(help) out more at home. 3. He promises his old friends ____________(see) them during his stay in Tianjin. 4. He promised _______________(give) a series of storybooks, but he never did it. 5. Tom promises (许诺) that he won't be late for school from now on. 6. To be an honest person, we should never ____________(打破) our own promises. 7. I will always keep the promise ____________ you. 考点10：Two brothers came and lied to him. 兄弟两人来了并且对他撒谎。 【名师解析】lie〔不及物动词〕意思为“撒谎”；lie _______ sb对某人撒谎 【lie的各种含义】 lie v.躺，位于，平放 过去式_______ ing形式_________ You should lie down. 你应该躺下。 His school lies in the north of the city. 他的学校位于城北。 lie v.说谎 过去式________ ing形式__________ He often lies.他经常说谎。 lie n.谎言 lies(复数) He often tells lies.他经常说谎。 【拓展】 lay v.下蛋，放置→过去式__________ 例句：The hens lay a lot of eggs every day. 母鸡每天下很多蛋。 【图解助记】 【对点导练】 1. Mr Smith is tired and he is __________(躺) on the bed at the moment. 2. You can trust him because he never tell ___________(谎言). 3. I saw him __________(lie) on the side when I passed by. 4. The girl lied ________ her parents just now. 5. The hen ________(lay) eggs yesterday. 6. His school ___________(位于) in the north of the city. 考点11：They pretended to make the clothes. 他们假装做衣服。 【名师解析】pretend动词，意思为“假装；伪装” 【常用搭配】 例句：He pretended to sleep when his mother came in. 当他妈妈进来时，他假装睡觉。 She pretended to be friendly to me. 她假装对我友好。 【练一练】 1．The little child pretended ________ when his mom came into his bedroom. A．sleeping B．to sleeping C．to asleep D．to be sleeping 2．He pretended ________ me when he walked by. A．not see B．not to see C．don’t see D．to not see 考点12：... but they said, “What lovely clothes!” .....但是他们说,“多么可爱的衣服啊！” 【名师解析】本句是what引导的感叹句, what用来修饰名词。 what引导的感叹句 What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！ What＋adj.＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)！ What＋adj.＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语) how引导的感叹句 How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！ How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)！ 【易错警示】判断用what/ how的方法： 1.去掉主语、谓语和其他句子成分，看剩下来的最后一个词，如果是名词用what, 如果是形容词或副词用how. 2. 如果剩下来的词为可数名词单数，则用what a/an（元音因素前用an）,不可数名词或名词复数则不用冠词。 【巧学妙记】巧记感叹句 感叹句，表情感，how，what放句前。 名词词组用what，how后形副紧相连。 【对点导练】 1. ________ exciting the news is! 2. ________ funny the story is! 3. a nice girl she is! 4. useful the book is! 5. beautiful flowers they are! 6. delicious the food tastes! 7. an interesting film we will see! 8. good news it is! 9. fine the weather is! 10.________ nice weather today! Let's go hiking. 11. We have to say goodbye, ________time flies! 12. ___________ relaxing! 考点13：The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝决定向所有人展示他的新衣服。 【名师解析】decide作动词，意为“决定”。其常见的用法有： (1)decide的名词是_____________。 (2)decide ___________ sth.＝make a decision/make decisions ___________ sth. ＝make up one's mind ____________ sth.“决定做某事”。 (3)decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”。 (4)decide on“考虑后选定或决定”。 (5)decide＋宾语从句 (6)decide＋疑问词＋to do 【一言辨异】We've decided to take a long vacation this summer but we haven't made a decision about where to go yet.I hope my parents can decide on Dalian，because I'd like to visit my aunt there.我们已经决定今年夏天度长假，但我们还没有决定去哪儿。我希望父母可以决定去大连，因为我想去那儿看望我姑妈。 【对点导练】 1．It all ____________(决定) upon the weather tomorrow. 2．We decided _____________(take) him home and let him go to school finally. 3．It was a hard _______________(decide) for me to make, but finally I have made my own choice. 4．Peter and his friends have decided on _____________(hold) a party, and I hope they'll have a good time. 5．Have you decided what ______________(read) first? 考点14：They were afraid to look silly too. 他们也害怕看起来愚蠢。 【名师解析】afraid形容词，意思为 “害怕的；担心的”, 常在句中作表语，不作定语。 如：× an afraid child → √ a scared child ✓ She is afraid. 【常见结构】 (1) be afraid _______ +名词/代词/v-ing 表示 "害怕某物/做某事可能导致的后果" 例句：He is afraid of spiders. 他害怕蜘蛛。（怕蜘蛛） She is afraid of making mistakes. 她害怕犯错误。（怕犯错的结果） (2) be afraid __________ sth. 表示“因害怕而不敢做某事本身” 例句：They were afraid to ask questions. 他们害怕问问题。（不敢提问） (3) be afraid (that) + 从句 ▸表担忧：“担心...” 例句：I'm afraid (that) it will rain tomorrow. 我担心明天会下雨。 ▸表委婉否定：“恐怕...” 例句：I'm afraid I can't agree with you. 恐怕我不能同意你的看法。 (4) 固定回答 ▸ I'm afraid so. 恐怕是的。 ▸ I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行/不是。 【对点导练】 1. Many people are afraid _____ public speaking. 2. Don't be afraid _________(ask) questions in class. 3. I'm afraid ______ I lost your book. 4. The little girl was afraid of __________(jump) into the pool. 5. To be honest, I feel __________(害怕的) when I am on a plane. 考点15：They started/began laughing. 他们开始笑。 【名师解析】start作动词，意为“开始，着手，出发，启动”。 ①start _________ sth =start __________ sth意为“开始做某事”。start 表“开始”之意时，可与begin互换。 ②start __________ sth. 以...开始 如：She started playing/to play the guitar when she was six. 她六岁开始弹吉他。 【练一练】 1. My mother started ____________(clean) the room at 3:00 p.m. 2. The party starts ___________ a happy song. 考点16：They laughed when a boy told the truth. 当一个男孩说实话时，他们大笑。 【名师解析】truth名词，意思为 “真相；事实”，常与定冠词 the连用。 如：tell ________ truth 说实话 face the truth _________现实 【拓展】①_________ 形容词，意思为 “符合事实的；真正的” 常用短语：come _________ 实现 ②___________副词，意思为 “真正；确实；真诚地” ③truthful 形容词，意思为 “诚实的” 例句：She gave a truthful answer. 她给出了诚实的回答。 【对点导练】 1. She always tries to speak the __________(true). 2. His story finally __________(come) true last year. 3. We need to face the ___________(true) about climate change. 4. We can believe him, because he always tells the ___________(true). 5. No matter what you said, I would ___________(true) trust you. 考点17：We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor. 我们可以通过对皇帝撒谎来赚很多钱。 【名师解析】“by +动词_________形式”意为“通过做某事”，常常表示方式或方法，可以用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。 【拓展】介词by的其他常见用法： ①by +地点，意为“靠近；在……旁边” 例句：Tom sits by the window in the classroom.汤姆坐在教室里的窗边。 ②by +时间，意为“在……之前” 例句：Mom told him to come back home by 10:00.妈妈告诉他十点之前回到家。 ③by +交通工具，意为“乘……” by bus/car/bike/train ④用于被动语态中，后面跟动作的执行者 ⑤by介词，表示连续或反复,意为“(一个)接着(一个);”(一个)又(一个). one by one 一个接一个 little by little 一点一点 year by year 年复一年 step by step 一步一步 【练一练】 1.—How do you usually go to school, Mike?　　　　　 —_________ bus. 2.—How do you study English? 　　—By ________(ask) my teacher for help. 3. Mary is crazy about DIY and makes lots of DIY works by _________(she). 考点18：The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 那只小鸭子低头看，让他吃惊的是，他看见他也是一只美丽的天鹅！ 【名师解析】surprise作名词，意为“惊喜，惊奇”，如______ surprise一个惊喜，_______ surprise惊奇地， _______ one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是； 作动词，意为“使吃惊”，surprise sb使某人吃惊。 【拓展】 1）surprising 意为“令人惊奇的”，形容事物；surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”，形容人。（同tired /tiring，interesting/interested，scared/scaring） 2）常用搭配： a)be surprised ______ sth 对某事感到惊讶 如：We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。 b)be surprised __________ sth 做某事而感到惊讶 如：She was surprised to find her handbag missing. 她惊奇地发现她的手提包不见了。 c)be surprised + that从句  因……而惊讶 如：I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time. 我很惊讶这些房子居然能撑这么久。 【对点导练】 1. You must be very ___________(surprise) to hear such ___________(surprise) news, boys. 2. Jenny's words (surprise) me just now. 3. When I saw him at the train station, I really got _______ big surprise. 4. The parents looked at their son _________ surprise. They couldn't say a word. 5. _______ our surprise, Peter won first place in the exam. 6. I am surprised ____________(know) the news. 7. _____________(surprising), the little boy gets good grades. 考点19：“Prepare to die!”shouted the genie. “准备去死吧！”妖怪大喊道。 【名师解析1】prepare 动词，意思为“准备；预备”，名词是_______________ 常用搭配： ① prepare ____________ sth. 准备做某事 ② prepare sth ________... 为......准备某物 【练一练】 1. We plan to prepare ________ the surprise party ________ the morning of Friday. 2. They prepared ____________(leave). 3. Students are ___________(prepare) for the test. 【名师解析2】die意为“死亡”，表示生命的结束，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。过去式为___________, 现在分词为___________。 【辨析】die，dead，death与dying 词汇 用法 例句 die 不及物动词，是短暂性动词。 The poor man died three years ago. 那个穷人3年前去世了。 dead 形容词，意为“死的”，用来作表语和定语。 Though he is dead，he is still alive in our hearts.尽管他死了，但仍然活在我们心中。 death 名词，意为“死亡”。 His death made us very sad. 他的死使我们很伤心。 dying die的现在分词，也可用作形容词，表示“垂死的；濒死的”，常用作定语。 The doctor tried to save the dying boy. 医生努力抢救这个生命垂危的男孩。 【常用短语】 die from 意为“由于……而死”,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡。 例句：The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸。 die of意思同die from,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡。 例句：His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. 他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。 die out 意为“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹”。 例句：Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了。 【对点导练】death，die，dying，dead 1．We were all shocked at his sudden ______________. 2．Mr. Liu passed away last week. He ___________ of cancer. 3．Although his uncle has been ____________for years, his aunt still lives in that house. 4．The dog’s __________ makes me sad.=I am sad about the dog’s __________. 5．Some animals are ____________, so we need to protect them. 6．The ________woman is afraid of ____________. 7．Because of the ________ of her pet dog, Jenny was so sad and cried for a long time. ( 同步题型分析 )（热个身先~~~） 第一篇 一、词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 feed, name, friendly, a few, real I remember a visit to my uncle’s farm in August many years ago. It was a small but nice farm. There were ____1____ animals, only ten or fifteen. They were farm animals, not pets, so they weren’t ____2____, but my uncle’s dog was very nice. His ____3____ name was Jake, but my name for him was “Fluffy Duffy”. It’s an awful ____4____, but I was seven at the time, and to me, “Fluffy Duffy” was a beautiful name. We were great friends. I ____5____ him and played with him. What a great time! B. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 A day to remember We asked some students about the day they remember. Here are some answers. —Dave: We went on a school trip to a wildlife park. It was ___6____ (累), but great fun! In the morning, we ____7____ (探索) the forest. We saw many plants we hadn’t seen before. Someone even saw a ____8____ (蛇) sleeping under a tree. He didn’t wake it up and ran away ____9____ (快地). It was really a day to remember. —Carol: I live in Colorado, in the middle of the USA. For my 45th birthday, I visited the sea for the first time in my life. I was lucky ____10____ (足够) to see the dolphins. My friends weren’t with me, but I stayed on the beach for hours. It was a ____11____ (完美的) birthday. —Ben: It wasn’t fun for me to learn to ____12____ (驾驶) a car first. It was terrible! I went ____13____ (沿着) the street and hit another car. Luckily, people in the car were not hurt. That was my first and last lesson. I take the bus now. —Barbara: My most amazing day was when I went to Rio to run in the marathon (马拉松). It was my first marathon. My time was 4:57:30! It was my best ____14____ (记录). My friends all cheered for me. I’m happy with that ____15____ (结果). 二、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 It was Anna’s birthday today. She was quite ____16____ (excite)! In the morning, she walked into the kitchen and ____17____ (take) a seat at the breakfast table. Her mom was busy cooking. When Anna’s mom saw her, she said, “Good morning, my dear birthday girl.” “Wow, thanks, mom,” said Anna, “Long noodles and eggs ____18____ (be) my favorites!” Her mom smiled and said, “Well, I’m glad you like ____19____ (they). Actually, I hear that your brother, Steven, has a special surprise ____20____ you today.” Anna was even happier. She can’t wait to meet her brother. ____21____ he is not in the kitchen now. “____22____ is Steven?” Anna asked. Just then, Steven came in. He carried a large bowl of ____23____ (strawberry) and said, “Happy birthday, Anna!” “Oh, that’s so sweet of you, Steven!” Anna said, “You know what I love best. They look nice. Let me have ____24____ taste.” They were quite delicious. Suddenly, Anna saw something else in Steven’s hand. “What? Steven? That’s the doll I want ____25____ (have).” Anna shouted, “How amazing!” “Haha, I know what you’ve always wanted!” Steven laughed. 第二篇 一、词汇运用(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) A. 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 final after tell rule think Long long ago, there was an old man. He ____1____ his crops (庄稼) grew more slowly than those of others. He decided to help the crops grow taller by pulling them up. Although he felt tired ____2____ doing so much work all day, he went home happily. The man ____3____ his son what he did. His son felt strange and surprised so he went to the farm as quickly as possible. ____4____, his son found all the crops were dead. I believe everyone thinks the old man is silly. As we all know, plants won’t grow well unless they develop in their own ____5____ of growth. B. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 Most kids love sweets. Why? When we eat or drink something sweet, the sugar goes into our blood and influences (影响) our brain. It ____6____ (留下) good feelings to us, making us want more. In fact, all delicious food do this, but sugar is especially ____7____ (强大的). That’s why doctors always advise us to cut down on sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our body learned to keep a lot of sugar as ____8____ (脂肪). In this way, we ____9____ (保存) energy for when there is no food. But today, most people have more than ____10____ (足够的)! So now it may be harming our health. We ____11____ (肯定地) need to eat less sugar. The trouble is that, in today’s world, our food is ____12____ (装满) with sugar. Although our meals ____13____ (似乎) better, large amounts (量) of sugar are added. To solve (解决) the problem, we should take more exercise, at least ____14____ (一次) or twice a week. And remember, next time if you want more ____15____ (曲奇饼), eat an apple instead. 二、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 There are many seagulls (海鸥) in Bridlington, the UK. But many people feel very ____16____ (happy) about them. A salesman said, “They’re so bad. They’re always ____17____ (fly) over our heads and taking away our food.” “They are everywhere. There are always bird droppings (鸟粪) on people’s ____18____ (car),” a woman living in Bridlington said. “We’re tired of cleaning up after ____19____ (they).” What should we do with them? That’s ____20____ problem. Liam Dealtry, Former Bridlington Mayor (市长), has a good idea—using a kite to help. The kite ____21____ (look) like an eagle (鹰). So the seagulls are a little afraid ____22____ it. But some people think it won’t work ____23____ the seagulls may attack (攻击) the eagle kite. Anyway, there is a ____24____ (real) easy way. “If you feed the seagulls, they know they can get food here and will always come. We want you ____25____ (have) fun when you come to see the birds. Just don’t feed them,” said Liam Dealtry. ( 课堂达标检测 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） 一、词汇运用（本题共有15小题，每小题1分；共计15分） A. 根据短文内容及所给汉语注释，写出空白处单词的正确形式。(每空一词) On many ____1____ (大学) campuses, students ____2____ (几乎) always carry their phones. They text while walking to class and scroll through ____3____ (社交) media as they wait for lectures. Silence often becomes screen time, and conversation stops. One student, Seán Killingsworth, felt worried about this habit. “It was just like I was talking to a bunch of zombies,” he said. He ____4____ (错过) real conversation and wanted fewer distractions (分心). In 2023, Killingsworth started the Reconnect Movement. Students hand over their phones at the door and spend an hour socializing ____5____ (没有) screens. During these phone-free meetups, students sit together, listen to music, and talk. “At first it can feel awkward,” said one club leader. Many people use their phones as a digital comfort when they feel ____6____ (紧张，焦虑). After a few minutes, they relax and enjoy the conversation. ____7____ (专家) still debate how smartphones influence mental health. Some studies say taking a break helps people feel calmer and happier. Other research says online communities can support students who want to ____8____ (表达) themselves. Students say the meetings help them ____9____ (连接) with friends and classmates. Killingsworth calls them “human connection habitats”; places where people can remember how natural conversation feels. The group hopes that practicing this habit makes students notice how often they reach for a distraction. By being present together, they learn to balance ____10____ (科技) with real people. B. 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。（每空一词） big box popular which like Pop Mart is a toy company from China. Its toy Labubu is very ____11____ in many countries. The company wants Labubu to be successful for a long time, like Disney’s Mickey Mouse. Pop Mart also wants to make more toys ____12____ Labubu. Now, Pop Mart is ____13____ than many other toy companies. Because of Labubu, many new companies in China also want to make toys. More people want to buy and sell art toys. Pop Mart sells toys in “blind ____14____”, so people do not know ____15____ toy they get. This makes it more fun and special. 二、语法填空（本题共有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 The Chongyang Festival is a Chinese traditional festival. It is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. On this day, both the month and the day are the ninth, ____16____ people also call it the Double Ninth Festival. The festival started as early as the Warring States Period (475 BC-221 BC). It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Among all the numbers ____17____ zero to nine, nine is ____18____ (high) odd number (奇数). People believe that two “nines” meeting together stand for a long life. So it is a special holiday for Chinese people ___19____ (show) love and respect for ____20____ (they) elders. They hold many kinds of ____21____ (activity) in honor of old people, wishing them good health and a long life. ____22____ a meaningful and timeless tradition it is! The festival comes during the golden time of fall. On the day, people traditionally drink chrysanthemum (菊花) wine, eat Double-Ninth Cakes and climb mountains. They also carry a kind of plant ____23____ (name) dogwood (茱萸). People in ancient times believed that ____24____ plant could drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits and prevent them from catching an illness in winter. If you follow these customs in the festival, you ____25____ (feel) its warm and auspicious (吉祥的) atmosphere! ( C专题 —— 一般过去时 ) ( 专题导入 )（课堂精粹~） 一般过去时 ( 考点分析 ) 一般过去时： 表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去的时间状语： 1.yesterday 系列 yesterday morning \ afternoon \ evening 昨天早上\下午\晚上 the day before yesterday 前天 2.last 系列 last night昨天夜里, last week 上周，last Friday 上周五， last month 上个月，last year去年 3.in ＋过去的一个时间 in 1990 4.一段时间+ ago five years ago 五年前 5.其他 just now 刚才 in the past 在过去 this morning 今天早上 1.含有be动词的一般过去时 am/is → was  was not=wasn't are → werewere not=weren't ▲结构： 主语 + was/were + 其它 ( I/ he/she/it ＋ was; we/ you/they ＋ were) eg: I was busy yesterday. 我昨天忙。 → 否：I was not busy yesterday. → 疑：Was I busy yesterday？ 答：Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. eg: We were students in 1998. 1998年时我们是学生。 → 否：We weren’t students in 1998. → 一般疑问：Were we students in1998? 答：Yes, we were. No, we weren’t. → 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were +主语+其他? 上个周末你过得怎么样？ ___________ ___________ your last weekend? 昨天下午他们在哪里？ ___________ ___________ they yesterday afternoon? 昨天晚上谁在教室里？ ___________ ___________ in the classroom last night? 昨天你为什么迟到了？ ___________ ___________ you late yesterday? 2. there be 句型的过去时： There was/ were ＋主语＋地点/时间（表示过去在某地有某人或某物） eg: There were many people in the restaurant last Sunday. → 否：There were not many people in the restaurant last Sunday. eg: There was a shop on the street last year. → 一般疑问句：Was there a shop on the street last year? 肯定回答：Yes, there was. 否定回答：No, there wasn’t. →特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were +there+其他? 3.含有实义动词的一般过去时 ▲肯定句结构：主语 + 实义动词的过去式 + 其它 eg: I watched TV yesterday. ▲否定句结构：主语 + didn't ＋实义动词的原形 + 其它 eg: I didn't watch TV yesterday. ▲一般疑问句结构：Did＋主语 + 实义动词的原形 + 其它? eg: Did you watch TV yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. ▲特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词 + did +主语+动词原形 +其他? 【练一练】昨天他做了什么事情？ ___________ ___________ he do yesterday? 上个周末她参观了什么地方？ ___________ ___________she ___________ last weekend? 你和谁一起去的动物园？ ___________ ___________ you go to the zoo ___________? 他们什么时候到达北京的？ ___________ ___________ they arrive in Beijing? ▲动词过去式的变化：分为 规则变化 和 不规则变化 (见书后动词不规则变化表格） ▲ 动词过去式的规则变化：规则变形速记“直、去、双、改”四字诀 构成方法 例词 一般的动词 加-________ want-wanted clean-cleaned 以“e”结尾的动词 加-________ live-lived like-liked 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 变y为____，再加-________ study-studied carry-carried 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-________ stop-stopped plan-planned ▲ 动词过去式的不规则变化 ①过去式与原形相同的 let-let cut-cut put-put ②be动词的过去式 am/is-was are-were ③将单词中元音字母i改为a的 ring-rang sing-sang swim-swam begin-began sit-sat give-gave drink-drank ④将单词中元音字母i改为o的 drive-drove ride-rode write-wrote ⑤将单词中的ee改为e，在词尾加t的 keep-kept sleep-slept sweep-swept feel-felt ⑥以d结尾的，把d改为t build-built lend-lent send-sent spend-spent ⑦将单词中的ow或aw改为ew grow-grew know-knew throw-threw draw-drew ⑧过去式以ought或aught结尾的（单词原型有a, 就是aught; 单词原型没a, 就是ought） buy-bought think-thought bring-brought catch-caught teach-taught fight- fought ( 考点突破 ) 一、用动词的适当形式填空。    1.He __________(work) in that bank four years ago.   2.She __________(live) in USA for a long time.   3.I __________(see) him yesterday.   4.He __________(come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning.   5.The boy __________(have) a bad cold yesterday.   6.When __________ you __________(buy) that house?   7.He __________(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday.   8.__________ you __________(try) to call me last night? 9.—What __________you __________(buy) in the shop?    —I __________(buy) a coat just now. 10.The doctor __________(get) up late this morning.   11.She __________(paint) the wall last month.   12.My mother __________(be) a worker 20 years ago. 13. __________(be) you here just now?    No, I __________(be not) here. 14.Why __________ your brother __________(cry) last night?   15.Yesterday __________(be) my mother’s birthday.   二、选择题。 ( )1. She lived there before he ____ to China A. came    B. comes    C. come   D. coming ( )2. I _____ but _____ nothing.   A . was listened; was hearing     B. listened; heard    C . have listened; heard          D. listened; heard of ( ) 3. When did you ____here? A. got to    B. reached   C. arrive in   D. reach ( )4. I____ my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished   B. would finish   C. was finishing   D. finish  ( )5. When ____you ____ supper? A. have; had    B. do, have    C. did, have     D. will have ( 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 七升八暑假教学内容 T同步(7B U7-8复习) C专题(一般过去时) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ( T同步 —— 七年级 下 U nit 7 - 8 复习 ) ( 同步知识梳理 )（大脑放电影~） 七下Unit 7-Unit 8基础知识梳理 类别 课标考点要求 词 汇 攻 关 Unit 7 1. n.博物馆museum 2. n.展览exhibition 3. n.方向direction→adj.直接的 v.指导direct 4. adj.糟糕的terrible 5. n.旅行trip→去旅行go on a trip 6. n.废水wastewater 7. n.工厂 v.种植 n.植物plant 8. prep.到......里面；进入into 9. v.移开；拿走remove 10. n.片；块piece→一片.. a piece of... 11. n.废弃物；v.浪费waste 12. n.机器machine 13. n.微生物；细菌germ 14. n.步骤；脚步step 15. v.认识到；实现realize 16. prep.在......里面；adv.在里面inside→(反)在外面outside 17. n.过程process 18. n.戏院；剧场；电影院theatre 19. n.工厂factory 20. n.演员actor 21. n.枪gun 22. prep.沿着；顺着along 23. n.道路road 24. v.创造create→adj.有创造力的creative 25. v.记录；n.记录record 26. n.技能skill 27. v.探索explore 28. n.帐篷tent 29. n.黄瓜cucumber 30. adv.直接；立即；笔直地；adj.直的straight 31. v.装满；盛满fill→用...填满...fill...with.... 32. n.篮子；筐basket 33. v.教teach→过去式taught→n.老师teacher→教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth. 34. n.分支；树枝branch→pl. branches 35. n.树叶leaf →pl. leaves 36. adv.最后finally=in the end=at last→adj.最后的final 37. n.谷物；谷粒grain 38. adj.新鲜的fresh 39. adv.肯定地certainly→adj.肯定的certain 40. n.日记；日记本diary→pl. diaries→写日记keep a diary 41. n.（日记的）一则；入口entry 42. v.赞成；同意agree→(反)v.不同意disagree→n.同意agreement→同意做某事agree to do sth.→同意某人的观点agree with sb. Unit 8 1. prep.在……之上upon→从前once upon a time 2. v.咬；咬伤bite→过去式bit→咬穿bite through 3. n.网；网状物net 4. n.猎人；搜寻者hunter→v.打猎hunt→去打猎go hunting 5. v.承诺；保证；n.承诺；诺言promise→承诺做某事promise to do sth.→许诺make a promise 6. n.战争war 7. n.邻居neighbour 8. adj.明智的；高明的wise→adv.明智地wisely→n.智慧wisdom 9. n.皇帝emperor 10. v.撒谎；n.谎言lie→说谎tell lies 11. v.假装；伪装pretend→假装做某事pretend to do sth. 12. n.官员；高级职员official 13. adj.愚蠢的；傻的silly 14. v.决定decide→n.决定decision→决定做某事decide to do sth. 15. v.&n.赞美；表扬praise→因...而表扬某人praise sb. for sth. 16. adj.害怕的；担心的afraid→害怕某物be afraid of sth.→害怕做某事be afraid to do sth. 17. adv.突然地；出乎意料地suddenly→adj.突然的sudden→突然all of a sudden 18. n.真相；事实truth→adj.符合事实的；真正的true→adv.真地truly→说实话tell the truth 19. v.不喜欢；厌恶；讨厌hate 20. n.君主；国王king 21. n.美术家；艺术家artist→n.美术，艺术art→adj.艺术的artistic 22. adv.快速地；很快quickly→adj.快的quick 23. v.微笑；n.微笑；笑容smile 24. adj.丑陋的；难看的ugly 25. n.小鸭子duckling 26. adj.真的；真正的real→adv.真正地really 27. v.寻找；搜寻search 28. n.母鸡hen 29. adv.有希望地hopefully→adj.有希望的hopeful→v./n.希望hope 30. v.下（蛋）；放置；搁lay→过去式laid 31. n.天鹅swan 32. n.羽毛feather 33. n.尺寸；大小size 34. n.渔夫fisherman→pl.fishermen 35. n.钓鱼；捕鱼fishing→n.鱼 v.钓鱼fish→去钓鱼go fishing 36. v.死亡；消失die→n.死亡death→adj.死的dead→adj.快死的dying 37. pron.某人；有人someone 38. v.使处于某种状况；使开始，设置set 39. adj.富有的；富含……的rich 40. adj.强大的；有影响力的powerful→n.权力，力量power 41. pron.任何人；某个人anyone 42. pron.他自己,他本人himself→他(主格)he→他(宾格)him→他的(形容词性)his→他的(名词性)his 短 语 归 纳 Unit 7 1. a day to remember值得纪念的一天 2. in the past在过去 3. meet up with sb与某人碰头；与某人相聚 4. go on a trip (to sp) 去(某地)旅行 5. go swimming去游泳 6. science/art museum科学/艺术博物馆 7. give directions指点方向 8. give sb. directions to sp. 给某人指去某地的路 9. take the wrong bus搭错车 10. talk to sb与某人交谈 11. be interested in对……感兴趣  12. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 13. the wastewater plant污水处理厂 14. remove…from… 从.....除掉；移走 15. turned…into…把……变成…… 16. the day before yesterday前天 17. on that special day在那个特殊的日子里 18. get on the wrong bus 上错车 19. try on 试穿 20. keep a diary 写日记 21. record thoughts and feelings记录想法和感受 22. improve writing skills提高写作技巧 23. write down写下；记下 24. large tents with tomatoes and cucumbers有着西红柿和黄瓜的大帐篷 25. from…to…从……到…… 26. cut…from…把……从……剪掉 27. think of考虑；想起 28. agree with赞成；同意 29. arrive at/in…到达 30. have a memorable day度过难忘的一天 31. on holiday 在度假 32. lightning flash across the sky 闪电划过天空 33. in trouble在困境中 Unit 8 1. once upon a time 从前；很久以前 2. make up an ending for a story 编写故事的结局 3. bite through 咬穿 4. catch the mouse 抓老鼠 5. promise to do sth. 承诺去做某事 6. long (long) ago很久以前 7. come back with sth 带着某东西回来 8. join the war 参战 9. lie to sb对某人撒谎 10. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 11. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事 12. be afraid to do sth. 害怕去做某事 13. begin/start doing/to do sth. 开始做某事 14. tell the truth说实话 15. at first起初；最初 16. make money赚钱 17. get out逃脱；离开  18. a picture of…一张……图画 19. all over到处；遍及 20. laugh at嘲笑 21. go away走开 22. search for寻找 23. say no to sb对某人说不 24. lay eggs 下蛋；产卵 25. look down往下看 26. to sb's surprise出乎某人的意料 27. in size and colour在大小和颜色上 28. only if只有 29. fishing net渔网 30. come out出现；盛开 31. make a promise许下诺言 32. set…free释放 33. years and years of waiting年复一年的等待 34. instead of而不是；代替 35. succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事 36. in the end最后；终究 37. take place发生 38. at the seashore在海边 重 点 句 型 Unit 7 1. I wasn’t interested in maths last year.去年我对数学不感兴趣。 2. How was your school trip to the wastewater plant? 你的学校废水处理厂之旅怎么样? 3. Large machines remove germs and other things from the water.  大型机器从水中去除细菌和其他东西。 4. Many people back then work hard to create what we have today. 那时的许多人努力创造了我们今天所拥有的。 5. It was terrible. I got on the wrong bus. I left my book on the bus too. 太可怕了，我上错车了，我也把书忘在车上了。 6. We also tried on some uniforms from the past. 我们还试穿了一些过去的制服。 7. It was a day to remember, and it made me want to work hard for a better future too. 这是值得纪念的一天，也让我想为更美好的未来努力工作。 8. The farmer told us about how these fruits and vegetables go from the fields to our tables. 农民告诉我们这些水果和蔬菜是如何从田里送到我们的餐桌上的。 9. The work seemed easy，but it took time to get it right. 这项工作看起来很容易，但需要时间才能做好。 10. In the afternoon, the farmer taught us how to cut branches and leaves from tomato plants. 下午，农民教我们如何从番茄植物上剪下枝叶。 11. It was tiring, but I enjoyed working with my hands. 这很累，但我喜欢用双手去劳作。 12. It made me think of the saying, “Every grain comes from hard work.” 使我想起了一句谚语:“谁知盘中餐，粒粒皆辛苦” 13.If you try to learn something new each day, you'll make each day special. 如果你每天都尝试学习新的东西，你就会让每一天都变得特别。 14.At first it was a nice day, but then the weather changed, it started raining. 起初是美好的一天，但是后来天气变了，开始下雨了。 Unit 8 1. The emperor couldn't see anything either, but he said, “They're beautiful！” 皇帝什么也看不见，但他说：“他们很漂亮！” 2. Suddenly, a boy cried/shouted, “Look! The emperor has no clothes on！” 突然，一个男孩喊道：“看！皇帝没穿衣服！” 3. People in the street/city praised them . They were afraid to look silly too. 街上/城里的人都称赞他们，他们也害怕自己看起来愚蠢。 4. Please tell me what you think！请告诉我你的想法！ 5. “We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.” one of the brothers said. “骗皇帝可以赚很多钱。”其中一个兄弟说道。 6. It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well. 我花了几个月的时间才学会如何画好一匹马。 7. But the other ducklings still laughed at him and told him to go away. 但是其他鸭子仍然嘲笑他，并让他走开。 8. It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided to search for a new home. 这让可怜的小鸭子很伤心，所以他决定去寻找一个新家。 9. The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 小鸭低下头，惊讶地发现自己也是一只美丽的白天鹅。 10. We only like animals with special skills.You are welcome here only if you can purr or lay eggs. 我们只喜欢有特殊技能的动物。只有当你能发出咕噜声或下蛋时，这里才欢迎你。 11. I believe I can find the right place for me. 我相信我能找到适合我的地方。 12. If anyone set me free, I would kill them instead of giving them anything. 如果有人释放了我，我会杀了他们，而不是给他们任何东西。 13. Would the fisherman succeed in saving himself? 渔夫能够成功自救吗? 七下Unit 7-Unit 8重要知识解析 考点1：How was your school trip to the waste water plant? 你们去废水处理厂的学校郊游怎么样? 【名师解析】plant ①及物动词 意为 “种植；栽种；播种” 例句：They plant lots of trees every March.　他们每年都种很多树。 ② 可数名词 意为 “工厂；植物” 例句：There are two wastewater plants in our city.在我们市有两个废水处理厂。 Don't forget to water the plants.别忘记给植物浇水。 【对点导练】 1．He ________ (plant) trees every year. He ________ (plant) trees now. 2．The kids are enjoying ________ (plant) flowers in the garden. 3．There are many kinds of ________ (plant) in the rainforest. Keys:1. plants; is planting 2. planting 3. plants 考点2：Then, special screens remove large pieces of waste from the water. 然后，特殊的隔板除去水中的大块废弃物。 【名师解析1】remove及物动词，意为 “移开；拿走” 常用搭配：remove sth from sth从某物中拿走某物 例句：My mother asked me to remove my shoes. 她让我把鞋脱掉。 【名师解析2】piece可数名词，意为 “片；块” 搭配：a piece of意为“一张；一片；一块”，其后可接不可数名词。 如：a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of bread一片面包 two pieces of music 两首歌 【注意】a piece of cake 意为 “小菜一碟” 【名师解析3】waste 的用法： · waste 作名词，意为 “废弃物；垃圾” 例句： Don’t put the waste into the river. :不要把垃圾扔河里。 It’s a waste of money to buy it. 买它是浪费钱。 · waste 作形容词，意为 “丢弃的；无用的” 例句：Don’t throw waste things around. 不要乱扔废弃物。 · waste 作及物动词，意为 “浪费” 常用搭配： waste time/money on sb./sth. 在某人/某事上浪费时间/金钱 waste time/money doing sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事 例句：Don’t waste water. 不要浪费水。 【对点导练】 ( )1．“A piece of cake” means ________. A．difficult B．easy C．interesting D．boring ( )2．She bought ________ to prepare a good breakfast. A．two piece of bread B．two pieces of bread C．two piece of breads D．two pieces of breads 3．To get enough fresh water, people remove salt _________ sea water in some areas. 4．It’s not wise of a student to waste too much time ________ (play) video games. 5．Many children think doing chores is ________ waste of their time these days. Keys:1. B 2. B 3. from 4.playing 5.a 考点3：It takes a few more steps after that before the water becomes clean again. 在那之后让水又变干净之前还需要好几步。 【名师解析】used to意为”过去常常·····”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意.其中, to为不定式符号, 后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称. 肯定句 used to+动词原形 否定句 didn't use to+动词原形 usedn't to+动词原形(用于正式英语) 一般疑问句及其答语 -Did sb. use to+动词原形...? -Yes, sb. did./No, sb. didn't. 反意疑问句 附加疑问部分用”didn't/usedn't+sb.”或”did/used +sb).” used to 用于 there be结构中时,形式为 there used to be,表示”过去曾有”. 例句：①He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜. ②He didn't use to wear glasses./He usedn't to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜. ③-Did he use to wear glasses? 他过去戴眼镜吗? -Yes, he did./No, he didn't. 是的,他戴.／不,他不戴. 【辨析】used to do sth.，be/get used to doing sth.与be used to do sth. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 只用于过去时 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 用于现在、过去或将来时等多种时态 be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 用于多种时态 例句：He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。 Stamps can be used to send letters.邮票可以用来寄信. 【对点导练】 1．— Are you a teacher? —No, I’m not, but I was. I used __________(teach) English in a middle school. 2．I used _________(get) late. But now I am used to __________(get) up early. 3．Amy used ________(be) be a shy girl and hardly talked with others. 4． Jim used __________(live) in the small village. Now he get used to ___________(live) in the big city. 5．This robot is used _____________(cut) paper. 6．There used ____________(be) a lot of trees here, but now it has become desert. 7．People used ______________(believe) that the earth was flat(平的). 8．My mother used to_____________(制作) breakfast for me every morning, but now I do it myself. 9．Three colorful wooden blocks are_____________ (use) to make toys. 10．Maria used to watch TV, but now she is used to_____________(listen) to music. 11. The knife is used ______________(cut) things. Keys:1.to teach; 2.to get, getting; 3.to be; 4.to live, living; 5.to cut; 6.to be; 7.to believe; 8.make; 9.used; 10. listening 11.to cut 考点4：Fu Xing learnt about the cleaning process. 付兴了解了净化过程。 【名师解析】learn意为“学习，学会” ①learn…about…=know about...意为“学习/知道/了解……”、“学习/知道/了解有关……的事情/情况” ②learn to do sth. 学会做某事 ③learn from sb./sth. 向某人学习 【练一练】 1. Anna is going on a tour of Xi’an,and she wants to learn __________Chinese history. 2. We should learn a lesson ___________ the experience and don’t make the same mistake. 3. He learnt ___________(play) the piano when he was six years old. Keys:1.about 2.from 3.to play 考点5：...it made me want to work hard for a better future too. ..... 它也使我想为了一个更美好的未来而努力拼搏。 【名师解析】make使役动词，意为“使；让”。 【常用搭配】①make+sb. /sth.+adj.意为“使某人或某物处于某种状态”。 例句：The news made him happy. 这个消息使他高兴。 ②make sb do sth让某人做事 （接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语） 例句：His father makes him ride a horse by himself.他爸爸让他独自骑马。 【拓展】与make有关的短语： make a decision 作决定 make a face/faces 做鬼脸 make money 赚钱 make up 组成 make progress取得进步 make sure确信，弄清楚 make up one’s mind 下决心 【练一练】 1. My mother often makes me ________(完成) my homework before dinner. 2. The good news makes everyone feel _____________(excite). 3. The good news makes me _____________(relax). Keys:1.finish 2.excited 3.relaxed 考点6：Slowly, we filled many baskets. 慢慢地，我们装满了许多篮子。 【名师解析】fill及物动词 意为 “装满；盛满” 其反义词是empty，意为“倒空”。 常用搭配：fill...with... 用......把......装满 例句：Fill the bottle with sand .把瓶子装满沙子。 【拓展】be filled with = be full of 充满，装满 例句：The bottle is filled with water .=The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 【练一练】 1．—Can I fill the box _________ my model planes? —I’m afraid you can’t. It’s full _________ my books. 2．Now the streets are full ________ cars. Keys:1.with, of; 2.of 考点7：In the afternoon, the farmer taught us how to cut branches and leaves from tomato plants. 下午这位农民教我们怎样给番茄秧裁剪枝叶。 【名师解析】taught为teach的过去式，意为“教”，名词为teacher老师，teach此处作及物动词，后接“疑问词+动词不定式”，常用搭配： ①teach sb sth 教某人某事 例句：Peter taught me maths yesterday.　皮特昨天教我数学。 ② teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事 例句：The girl taught me to dance.那个女孩教我跳舞。 ③ teach sb. how to do sth. 教某人如何做某事。 例如：Let me teach you how to use the computer. 让我教你怎么操作电脑。 ④teach oneself意为“自学”，相当于learn by oneself。 例如：She teaches herself English.=She learns English by herself.她自学英语 【对点导练】 1．—Mum, can you teach me how ________(cook) noodles? —Sure. It’s easy. 2． —Ms. Li teaches ________ (we) math. —Wow! She is a good _____________(teach). 3．Lisa is very kind and she often teaches me ___________(play) the piano. 4．—Who teaches you music? —Nobody, I teach ____________(I). Keys:1.to cook; 2.us, teacher; 3.to play; 4.myself 考点8：Do you agree with Sam that food tastes better when you work for them? 你同意萨姆说的当你为它们付出劳动使，食物唱起来更好? 【名师解析】agree〔动词〕赞成；同意；后面可跟动词不定式、that从句作宾语。 【辨析】agree with，agree to与agree on 词组 用法[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K] 例句 agree with 表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等(即持同一观点)。 I quite agree with you. agree to sth/ do sth. 表示同意某事/同意做某事。 We agreed to leave early. agree on 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。 Both sides agreed on these terms. agree on＋动名词＝agree to＋动词原形 He agreed on helping us.＝He agreed to help us.他同意帮助我们。 【对点导练】 1．If you agree ________ me, please put up your right hand. 2．This morning, Linda agreed ________ (go) to the library with me after school. 3．At the meeting, I agreed ________ my cousin ________ his idea. 4．They agreed ________ their son and agreed ________(visit) the zoo with him. 5. We ___________(agree) with his idea, because it’s too dangerous. 6. Finally, everyone is in _____________(agree). 7. We agree _________((the date when to meet. Keys:1.with; 2.to go; 3.with, on; 4.with, to visit; 5.disagree; 6.agreement; 7.on 考点9：The mouse promised to help the lion. 老鼠承诺帮助狮子。 【名师解析】①promise用作及物动词，意为＂许诺，承诺＂，常用于以下三种结构： promise to do sth答应做某事 v. promise + that从句 promise sb sth=promise sth. to sb.答应某人某事 例句: My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。 My aunt promised me a bike. 我姑姑答应给我买一辆自行车。 ②promise还可以用作可数名词，意为＂承诺，诺言＂。常用短语有： make a promise/promises to do sth.允诺做某事 n. keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise 违背诺言 例句：Give me your promise that you’ll never be late again. 答应我你绝不再迟到了。 【对点导练】 1. Can Tom keep ___________(he) promise? 2. They promised _____________(help) out more at home. 3. He promises his old friends ____________(see) them during his stay in Tianjin. 4. He promised _______________(give) a series of storybooks, but he never did it. 5. Tom promises (许诺) that he won't be late for school from now on. 6. To be an honest person, we should never ____________(打破) our own promises. 7. I will always keep the promise ____________ you. Keys:1.his; 2.to help; 3.to see; 4.to give; 5.promises; 6.break; 7.to 考点10：Two brothers came and lied to him. 兄弟两人来了并且对他撒谎。 【名师解析】lie〔不及物动词〕意思为“撒谎”；lie to sb对某人撒谎 【lie的各种含义】 lie v.躺，位于，平放 过去式lay ing形式lying You should lie down. 你应该躺下。 His school lies in the north of the city. 他的学校位于城北。 lie v.说谎 过去式lied ing形式lying He often lies.他经常说谎。 lie n.谎言 lies(复数) He often tells lies.他经常说谎。 【拓展】 lay v.下蛋，放置→过去式laid 例句：The hens lay a lot of eggs every day. 母鸡每天下很多蛋。 【图解助记】 【对点导练】 1. Mr Smith is tired and he is __________(躺) on the bed at the moment. 2. You can trust him because he never tell ___________(谎言). 3. I saw him __________(lie) on the side when I passed by. 4. The girl lied ________ her parents just now. 5. The hen ________(lay) eggs yesterday. 6. His school ___________(位于) in the north of the city. Keys:1.lying; 2.lies; 3.lying; 4.to; 5.laid; 6.lies 考点11：They pretended to make the clothes. 他们假装做衣服。 【名师解析】pretend动词，意思为“假装；伪装” 【常用搭配】 例句：He pretended to sleep when his mother came in. 当他妈妈进来时，他假装睡觉。 She pretended to be friendly to me. 她假装对我友好。 【练一练】 1．The little child pretended ________ when his mom came into his bedroom. A．sleeping B．to sleeping C．to asleep D．to be sleeping 2．He pretended ________ me when he walked by. A．not see B．not to see C．don’t see D．to not see Keys:1. D 2. B 考点12：... but they said, “What lovely clothes!” .....但是他们说,“多么可爱的衣服啊！” 【名师解析】本句是what引导的感叹句, what用来修饰名词。 what引导的感叹句 What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！ What＋adj.＋可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)！ What＋adj.＋不可数名词(＋主语＋谓语) how引导的感叹句 How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数(＋主语＋谓语)！ How＋adj./adv.(＋主语＋谓语)！ 【易错警示】判断用what/ how的方法： 1.去掉主语、谓语和其他句子成分，看剩下来的最后一个词，如果是名词用what, 如果是形容词或副词用how. 2. 如果剩下来的词为可数名词单数，则用what a/an（元音因素前用an）,不可数名词或名词复数则不用冠词。 【巧学妙记】巧记感叹句 感叹句，表情感，how，what放句前。 名词词组用what，how后形副紧相连。 【对点导练】 1. ________ exciting the news is! 2. ________ funny the story is! 3. a nice girl she is! 4. useful the book is! 5. beautiful flowers they are! 6. delicious the food tastes! 7. an interesting film we will see! 8. good news it is! 9. fine the weather is! 10.________ nice weather today! Let's go hiking. 11. We have to say goodbye, ________time flies! 12. ___________ relaxing! Keys:1.How; 2.How; 3.What; 4.How; 5.What; 6.How; 7.What; 8.What; 9.How; 10.What; 11. how; 12. How 考点13：The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes. 皇帝决定向所有人展示他的新衣服。 【名师解析】decide作动词，意为“决定”。其常见的用法有： (1)decide的名词是decision。 (2)decide to do sth.＝make a decision/make decisions to do sth.＝make up one's mind to do sth.“决定做某事”。 (3)decide not to do sth.“决定不做某事”。 (4)decide on“考虑后选定或决定”。 (5)decide＋宾语从句 (6)decide＋疑问词＋to do 【一言辨异】We've decided to take a long vacation this summer but we haven't made a decision about where to go yet.I hope my parents can decide on Dalian，because I'd like to visit my aunt there.我们已经决定今年夏天度长假，但我们还没有决定去哪儿。我希望父母可以决定去大连，因为我想去那儿看望我姑妈。 【对点导练】 1．It all ____________(决定) upon the weather tomorrow. 2．We decided _____________(take) him home and let him go to school finally. 3．It was a hard _______________(decide) for me to make, but finally I have made my own choice. 4．Peter and his friends have decided on _____________(hold) a party, and I hope they'll have a good time. 5．Have you decided what ______________(read) first? Keys:1.decides; 2.to take; 3.decision; 4.holding; 5.to read 考点14：They were afraid to look silly too. 他们也害怕看起来愚蠢。 【名师解析】afraid形容词，意思为 “害怕的；担心的”, 常在句中作表语，不作定语。 如：× an afraid child → √ a scared child ✓ She is afraid. 【常见结构】 (1) be afraid of +名词/代词/v-ing 表示 "害怕某物/做某事可能导致的后果" 例句：He is afraid of spiders. 他害怕蜘蛛。（怕蜘蛛） She is afraid of making mistakes. 她害怕犯错误。（怕犯错的结果） (2) be afraid to do sth. 表示“因害怕而不敢做某事本身” 例句：They were afraid to ask questions. 他们害怕问问题。（不敢提问） (3) be afraid (that) + 从句 ▸表担忧：“担心...” 例句：I'm afraid (that) it will rain tomorrow. 我担心明天会下雨。 ▸表委婉否定：“恐怕...” 例句：I'm afraid I can't agree with you. 恐怕我不能同意你的看法。 (4) 固定回答 ▸ I'm afraid so. 恐怕是的。 ▸ I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行/不是。 【对点导练】 1. Many people are afraid _____ public speaking. 2. Don't be afraid _________(ask) questions in class. 3. I'm afraid ______ I lost your book. 4. The little girl was afraid of __________(jump) into the pool. 5. To be honest, I feel __________(害怕的) when I am on a plane. Keys:1.of; 2.to ask; 3.that; 4.jumping; 5.afraid 考点15：They started/began laughing. 他们开始笑。 【名师解析】start作动词，意为“开始，着手，出发，启动”。 ①start to do sth =start doing sth意为“开始做某事”。start 表“开始”之意时，可与begin互换。 ②start with sth. 以...开始 如：She started playing/to play the guitar when she was six. 她六岁开始弹吉他。 【练一练】 1. My mother started ____________(clean) the room at 3:00 p.m. 2. The party starts ___________ a happy song. Keys:1.to clean/cleaning; 2.with 考点16：They laughed when a boy told the truth. 当一个男孩说实话时，他们大笑。 【名师解析】truth名词，意思为 “真相；事实”，常与定冠词 the连用。 如：tell the truth 说实话 face the truth 面对现实 【拓展】①true 形容词，意思为 “符合事实的；真正的” 常用短语：come true 实现 ②truly副词，意思为 “真正；确实；真诚地” ③truthful 形容词，意思为 “诚实的” 例句：She gave a truthful answer. 她给出了诚实的回答。 【对点导练】 1. She always tries to speak the __________(true). 2. His story finally __________(come) true last year. 3. We need to face the ___________(true) about climate change. 4. We can believe him, because he always tells the ___________(true). 5. No matter what you said, I would ___________(true) trust you. Keys:1.truth; 2.came; 3.truth; 4.truth; 5.truly 考点17：We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor. 我们可以通过对皇帝撒谎来赚很多钱。 【名师解析】“by +动词ing形式”意为“通过做某事”，常常表示方式或方法，可以用来回答how引导的特殊疑问句。 【拓展】介词by的其他常见用法： ①by +地点，意为“靠近；在……旁边” 例句：Tom sits by the window in the classroom.汤姆坐在教室里的窗边。 ②by +时间，意为“在……之前” 例句：Mom told him to come back home by 10:00.妈妈告诉他十点之前回到家。 ③by +交通工具，意为“乘……” by bus/car/bike/train ④用于被动语态中，后面跟动作的执行者 ⑤by介词，表示连续或反复,意为“(一个)接着(一个);”(一个)又(一个). one by one 一个接一个 little by little 一点一点 year by year 年复一年 step by step 一步一步 【练一练】 1.—How do you usually go to school, Mike?　　　　　 —_________ bus. 2.—How do you study English? 　　—By ________(ask) my teacher for help. 3. Mary is crazy about DIY and makes lots of DIY works by _________(she). Keys:1.By; 2.asking; 3.herself 考点18：The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too! 那只小鸭子低头看，让他吃惊的是，他看见他也是一只美丽的天鹅！ 【名师解析】surprise作名词，意为“惊喜，惊奇”，如a surprise一个惊喜，in surprise惊奇地， to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是； 作动词，意为“使吃惊”，surprise sb使某人吃惊。 【拓展】 1）surprising 意为“令人惊奇的”，形容事物；surprised 意为“感到惊讶的”，形容人。（同tired /tiring，interesting/interested，scared/scaring） 2）常用搭配： a)be surprised at sth 对某事感到惊讶 如：We are surprised at his surprising success.我们对他惊人的成功感到惊讶。 b)be surprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶 如：She was surprised to find her handbag missing. 她惊奇地发现她的手提包不见了。 c)be surprised + that从句  因……而惊讶 如：I was surprised that these houses stay up for such a long time. 我很惊讶这些房子居然能撑这么久。 【对点导练】 1. You must be very ___________(surprise) to hear such ___________(surprise) news, boys. 2. Jenny's words (surprise) me just now. 3. When I saw him at the train station, I really got _______ big surprise. 4. The parents looked at their son _________ surprise. They couldn't say a word. 5. _______ our surprise, Peter won first place in the exam. 6. I am surprised ____________(know) the news. 7. _____________(surprising), the little boy gets good grades. Keys:1.surprised, surprising; 2.surprised; 3.a; 4.in; 5.To; 6.to know; 7.Surprisingly 考点19：“Prepare to die!”shouted the genie. “准备去死吧！”妖怪大喊道。 【名师解析1】prepare 动词，意思为“准备；预备”，名词是preparation 常用搭配： ① prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 ② prepare sth for... 为......准备某物 【练一练】 1. We plan to prepare ________ the surprise party ________ the morning of Friday. 2. They prepared ____________(leave). 3. Students are ___________(prepare) for the test. Keys:1.for, on; 2.to leave; 3.preparing 【名师解析2】die意为“死亡”，表示生命的结束，是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；强调动作,是瞬间动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。过去式为died, 现在分词为dying。 【辨析】die，dead，death与dying 词汇 用法 例句 die 不及物动词，是短暂性动词。 The poor man died three years ago. 那个穷人3年前去世了。 dead 形容词，意为“死的”，用来作表语和定语。 Though he is dead，he is still alive in our hearts.尽管他死了，但仍然活在我们心中。 death 名词，意为“死亡”。 His death made us very sad. 他的死使我们很伤心。 dying die的现在分词，也可用作形容词，表示“垂死的；濒死的”，常用作定语。 The doctor tried to save the dying boy. 医生努力抢救这个生命垂危的男孩。 【常用短语】 die from 意为“由于……而死”,但一般常用于由外伤、衰老引起的死亡。 例句：The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸。 die of意思同die from,但它一般指由于疾病、情感等原因引起的死亡。 例句：His grandfather died of liver cancer in 1992. 他的祖父1992年死于肝癌。 die out 意为“（家族、物种等）灭绝；绝迹”。 例句：Dinosaurs died out 65 million years ago.恐龙在六千五百万年前灭绝了。 【对点导练】death，die，dying，dead 1．We were all shocked at his sudden ______________. 2．Mr. Liu passed away last week. He ___________ of cancer. 3．Although his uncle has been ____________for years, his aunt still lives in that house. 4．The dog’s __________ makes me sad.=I am sad about the dog’s __________. 5．Some animals are ____________, so we need to protect them. 6．The ________woman is afraid of ____________. 7．Because of the ________ of her pet dog, Jenny was so sad and cried for a long time. Keys:1.death; 2.died; 3.dead; 4.death, death; 5.dying; 6.dying, death; 7.death ( 同步题型分析 )（热个身先~~~） 第一篇 一、词汇运用（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） A. 将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 feed, name, friendly, a few, real I remember a visit to my uncle’s farm in August many years ago. It was a small but nice farm. There were ____1____ animals, only ten or fifteen. They were farm animals, not pets, so they weren’t ____2____, but my uncle’s dog was very nice. His ____3____ name was Jake, but my name for him was “Fluffy Duffy”. It’s an awful ____4____, but I was seven at the time, and to me, “Fluffy Duffy” was a beautiful name. We were great friends. I ____5____ him and played with him. What a great time! 【答案】1. a few 2. friendly 3. real 4. name 5. fed 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述作者回忆多年前八月拜访叔叔农场的经历，有农场动物、一只拥有两个名字的狗，还曾投喂并和狗狗当好朋友玩耍，度过美好时光。 【1题详解】 句意：农场里有一些动物，只有十到十五只。根据“There were…or fifteen”和所给词可知，此处指农场里有一些动物。a few意为“一些；几个”，用于修饰可数名词复数animals，符合语境，故填a few。 【2题详解】 句意：它们是农场动物，不是宠物，所以它们并不友好，但我叔叔的狗很温顺。根据“They were farm animals…dog was very nice”和所给词可知，此处指它们并不友好。friendly是形容词，意为“友好的”，符合语境，故填friendly。 【3题详解】 句意：它的真名是杰克，但我给它取的名字是“毛毛达菲”。根据“His…name for him was ‘Fluffy Duffy’”和所给词可知，此处指它的真名是杰克。real为形容词，意思是“真正的；真实的”，修饰名词name，符合语境，故填real。 【4题详解】 句意：这是个难听的名字，但那时我七岁，对我而言，“毛毛达菲”是个好听的名字。根据“It’s an awful…beautiful name”和所给词可知，此处指这是个难听的名字。name是名词，指“名字”，符合语境，故填name。 【5题详解】 句意：我喂它吃东西，还和它一起玩耍。根据“I…played with him”和所给词可知，此处指我喂它吃东西。短文叙述过去的经历，用一般过去时。feed是动词，意为“喂养” ，其过去式为fed，故填fed。 B. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 A day to remember We asked some students about the day they remember. Here are some answers. —Dave: We went on a school trip to a wildlife park. It was ___6____ (累), but great fun! In the morning, we ____7____ (探索) the forest. We saw many plants we hadn’t seen before. Someone even saw a ____8____ (蛇) sleeping under a tree. He didn’t wake it up and ran away ____9____ (快地). It was really a day to remember. —Carol: I live in Colorado, in the middle of the USA. For my 45th birthday, I visited the sea for the first time in my life. I was lucky ____10____ (足够) to see the dolphins. My friends weren’t with me, but I stayed on the beach for hours. It was a ____11____ (完美的) birthday. —Ben: It wasn’t fun for me to learn to ____12____ (驾驶) a car first. It was terrible! I went ____13____ (沿着) the street and hit another car. Luckily, people in the car were not hurt. That was my first and last lesson. I take the bus now. —Barbara: My most amazing day was when I went to Rio to run in the marathon (马拉松). It was my first marathon. My time was 4:57:30! It was my best ____14____ (记录). My friends all cheered for me. I’m happy with that ____15____ (结果). 【答案】6. tiring 7. explored 8. snake 9. quickly 10. enough 11. perfect 12. drive 13. along 14. record 15. result 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了四位学生回忆自己难忘的一天。 【6题详解】 句意：我们去了野生动物园进行学校旅行，虽然很累，但很有趣！根据汉语提示和主语it可知，空处应填形容词tiring作表语。故填tiring。 【7题详解】 句意：早上，我们探索了森林。explore“探索”，动词，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填explored。 【8题详解】 句意：有人甚至看到一条蛇在树下睡觉。snake“蛇”，名词，a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填snake。 【9题详解】 句意：他没有吵醒它，迅速跑开了。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填副词quickly“迅速地”。故填quickly。 【10题详解】 句意：我很幸运能看到海豚。enough“足够”，副词。故填enough。 【11题详解】 句意：这是一个完美的生日。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词perfect“完美的”。故填perfect。 【12题详解】 句意：对我来说，第一次学开车并不有趣。drive“驾驶”，动词，空前的to是动词不定式符号，其后接动词原形。故填drive。 【13题详解】 句意：我沿着街道走，撞上了另一辆车。along“沿着”，介词。故填along。 【14题详解】 句意：这是我最好的记录。record“记录”，名词，根据“It was”可知，空处应填record的单数形式。故填record。 【15题详解】 句意：我对这个结果感到高兴。result“结果”，名词，that后接可数名词的单数形式。故填result。 二、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 It was Anna’s birthday today. She was quite ____16____ (excite)! In the morning, she walked into the kitchen and ____17____ (take) a seat at the breakfast table. Her mom was busy cooking. When Anna’s mom saw her, she said, “Good morning, my dear birthday girl.” “Wow, thanks, mom,” said Anna, “Long noodles and eggs ____18____ (be) my favorites!” Her mom smiled and said, “Well, I’m glad you like ____19____ (they). Actually, I hear that your brother, Steven, has a special surprise ____20____ you today.” Anna was even happier. She can’t wait to meet her brother. ____21____ he is not in the kitchen now. “____22____ is Steven?” Anna asked. Just then, Steven came in. He carried a large bowl of ____23____ (strawberry) and said, “Happy birthday, Anna!” “Oh, that’s so sweet of you, Steven!” Anna said, “You know what I love best. They look nice. Let me have ____24____ taste.” They were quite delicious. Suddenly, Anna saw something else in Steven’s hand. “What? Steven? That’s the doll I want ____25____ (have).” Anna shouted, “How amazing!” “Haha, I know what you’ve always wanted!” Steven laughed. 【答案】16. excited 17. took 18. are 19. them 20. for 21. But 22. Where 23. strawberries 24. a 25. to have 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了安娜生日当天，妈妈为她准备了喜欢的早餐，哥哥史蒂文也带来了草莓和她一直想要的娃娃作为惊喜礼物的温馨故事。 【16题详解】 句意：她非常兴奋！空处需要形容词作表语，修饰主语She，形容词excited表示“兴奋的”，符合语境。故填excited。 【17题详解】 句意：早上，她走进厨房，在早餐桌旁坐下。and连接并列谓语，空处的时态应与walked一致，所以空处应填take的过去式took。故填took。 【18题详解】 句意：长面条和鸡蛋是我的最爱！主语Long noodles and eggs是复数名词，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，所以空处应填be动词are。故填are。 【19题详解】 句意：我很高兴你喜欢它们。like后接宾语，所以空处应填they的宾格them。故填them。 【20题详解】 句意：事实上，我听说你哥哥史蒂文今天有个特别惊喜给你。have a surprise for sb.“给某人一个惊喜”。故填for。 【21题详解】 句意：但是他现在不在厨房。根据“She can’t wait to meet her brother...he is not in the kitchen now.”可知，前后句是转折关系，连词but“但是”符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填But。 【22题详解】 句意：史蒂文在哪里？根据上文“he is not in the kitchen now”可知，史蒂文不在厨房，所以安娜询问妈妈史蒂文在哪里。疑问词where“在哪里”符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Where。 【23题详解】 句意：他拿着一大碗草莓说道。此处应用名词strawberry的复数形式strawberries表示泛指。故填strawberries。 【24题详解】 句意：让我尝一尝。have a taste“尝一尝”。故填a。 【25题详解】 句意：那是我一直想要的娃娃。根据短语want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，空处应填动词不定式to have。故填to have。 第二篇 一、词汇运用(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) A. 将方框中所给词的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 final after tell rule think Long long ago, there was an old man. He ____1____ his crops (庄稼) grew more slowly than those of others. He decided to help the crops grow taller by pulling them up. Although he felt tired ____2____ doing so much work all day, he went home happily. The man ____3____ his son what he did. His son felt strange and surprised so he went to the farm as quickly as possible. ____4____, his son found all the crops were dead. I believe everyone thinks the old man is silly. As we all know, plants won’t grow well unless they develop in their own ____5____ of growth. 【答案】1. thought 2. after 3. told 4. Finally 5. rules 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了“拔苗助长”的故事，告诉我们植物生长有自身规律，违背规律会适得其反。 【1题详解】 句意：他认为他的庄稼长得比别人的慢。根据上下文“his crops grew more slowly”可知老人主观认为庄稼长得慢，方框里“think”符合语境，文章整体是一般过去时，“think”的过去式是“thought”，故填thought。 【2题详解】 句意：虽然整天做这么多工作让他感到疲惫，但他还是高兴地回家了。“after”表示“在……之后”，符合“做了很多工作之后累”的语境，故填after。 【3题详解】 句意：老人告诉他的儿子他做了什么。后文“what he did”是直接引述内容，方框里“tell”符合语境，这里是一般过去时，“tell”的过去式是“told”，故填told。 【4题详解】 句意：最后，他的儿子发现所有的庄稼都死了。此处需表示结果，且位于句首作时间状语，需用副词形式。“final”的副词形式“finally”，用于句首作状语，故填Finally。 【5题详解】 句意：众所周知，除非植物按照它们自身的生长规律生长，否则它们不会长得好。根据前文“拔苗助长”的教训和“their own”的提示可知，这里需用名词复数，方框里“rule”表示“规律”，符合语境，rule是可数名词，复数是“rules”，故填rules。 B. 阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 Most kids love sweets. Why? When we eat or drink something sweet, the sugar goes into our blood and influences (影响) our brain. It ____6____ (留下) good feelings to us, making us want more. In fact, all delicious food do this, but sugar is especially ____7____ (强大的). That’s why doctors always advise us to cut down on sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our body learned to keep a lot of sugar as ____8____ (脂肪). In this way, we ____9____ (保存) energy for when there is no food. But today, most people have more than ____10____ (足够的)! So now it may be harming our health. We ____11____ (肯定地) need to eat less sugar. The trouble is that, in today’s world, our food is ____12____ (装满) with sugar. Although our meals ____13____ (似乎) better, large amounts (量) of sugar are added. To solve (解决) the problem, we should take more exercise, at least ____14____ (一次) or twice a week. And remember, next time if you want more ____15____ (曲奇饼), eat an apple instead. 【答案】6. leaves 7. powerful 8. fat 9. save 10. enough 11. certainly 12. filled 13. seem 14. once 15. cookies 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了糖分对人体的影响，以及现在人们糖分摄入过多的情况和应对建议。 【6题详解】 句意：它给我们留下美好的感觉，让我们想要更多。 “留下”可译为“leave”，主语“It”是第三人称单数，文章整体是一般现在时，所以动词用第三人称单数形式“leaves”。故填leaves。 【7题详解】 句意：事实上，所有美味的食物都会这样，但糖尤其强大。 “强大的”可译为“powerful”，此处用形容词作表语。故填powerful。 【8题详解】 句意：早期人类经常食物很少，所以我们的身体学会将大量糖分以脂肪的形式储存。 “脂肪”可译为“fat”，此处是不可数名词。故填fat。 【9题详解】 句意：通过这种方式，我们为没有食物的时候保存能量。 “保存”可译为“save”，文章整体是一般现在时，主语“we”是第一人称复数，动词用原形。故填save。 【10题详解】 句意：但如今，大多数人有超过足够的（糖分）！ “足够的”可译为“enough”，此处是形容词。故填enough。 【11题详解】 句意：我们肯定需要少吃糖。 “肯定地”可译为“certainly”，此处用副词修饰动词“need”。故填certainly。 【12题详解】 句意：问题是，在当今世界，我们的食物充满了糖。 “装满”可译为“be filled with”，是固定短语。故填filled。 【13题详解】 句意：虽然我们的饭菜似乎更好了，但添加了大量的糖。 “似乎”可译为“seem”，主语“our meals”是复数，文章整体是一般现在时，动词用原形。故填seem。 【14题详解】 句意：为了解决这个问题，我们应该多锻炼，每周至少一次或两次。 “一次”可译为“once”，“once or twice”是固定短语，意为“一两次”。故填once。 【15题详解】 句意：并且记住，下次如果你想要更多曲奇饼，就吃一个苹果代替吧。 “曲奇饼”可译为“cookie”，根据“more”可知，此处用复数形式“cookies”。故填cookies。 二、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 There are many seagulls (海鸥) in Bridlington, the UK. But many people feel very ____16____ (happy) about them. A salesman said, “They’re so bad. They’re always ____17____ (fly) over our heads and taking away our food.” “They are everywhere. There are always bird droppings (鸟粪) on people’s ____18____ (car),” a woman living in Bridlington said. “We’re tired of cleaning up after ____19____ (they).” What should we do with them? That’s ____20____ problem. Liam Dealtry, Former Bridlington Mayor (市长), has a good idea—using a kite to help. The kite ____21____ (look) like an eagle (鹰). So the seagulls are a little afraid ____22____ it. But some people think it won’t work ____23____ the seagulls may attack (攻击) the eagle kite. Anyway, there is a ____24____ (real) easy way. “If you feed the seagulls, they know they can get food here and will always come. We want you ____25____ (have) fun when you come to see the birds. Just don’t feed them,” said Liam Dealtry. 【答案】16. unhappy 17. flying 18. cars 19. them 20. a 21. looks 22. of 23. because 24. really 25. to have 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了英国布里灵顿的海鸥给人们带来困扰，以及人们针对海鸥问题所提出的一些解决办法。 【16题详解】 句意：但是很多人对它们感到很不高兴。根据后文人们对海鸥的抱怨，可知此处应是“不高兴的”，“happy”的反义词是“unhappy”，故填unhappy。 【17题详解】 句意：它们总是在我们头顶上方飞，还拿走我们的食物。“be always doing sth.”表示“总是做某事”，所以用“fly”的现在分词形式“flying”，故填flying。 【18题详解】 句意：人们的汽车上总是有鸟粪。“people’s”（人们的）后接可数名词复数，“car”的复数是“cars”，故填cars。 【19题详解】 句意：我们厌倦了跟在它们后面清理。“after”是介词，后接人称代词宾格，“they”的宾格是“them”，故填them。 【20题详解】 句意：那是一个问题。“problem”是可数名词单数，此处表示“一个”，且“problem”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“a”，故填a。 【21题详解】 句意：这个风筝看起来像一只鹰。主语“The kite”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，“look”的第三人称单数是“looks”，故填looks。 【22题详解】 句意：所以海鸥有点害怕它。“be afraid of...”是固定短语，意为“害怕……”，故填of。 【23题详解】 句意：但是一些人认为这不会起作用，因为海鸥可能会攻击鹰形风筝。此处后句是前句的原因，所以用“because”（因为）引导原因状语从句，故填because。 【24题详解】 句意：不管怎样，有一个真的很简单的方法。此处修饰形容词“easy”，要用副词，“real”的副词形式是“really”，故填really。 【25题详解】 句意：我们希望你来看这些鸟相处时能玩得开心。“want sb. to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“想要某人做某事”，所以用“to have”，故填to have。 ( 课堂达标检测 )（你都掌握了没有呢~~~） 一、词汇运用（本题共有15小题，每小题1分；共计15分） A. 根据短文内容及所给汉语注释，写出空白处单词的正确形式。(每空一词) On many ____1____ (大学) campuses, students ____2____ (几乎) always carry their phones. They text while walking to class and scroll through ____3____ (社交) media as they wait for lectures. Silence often becomes screen time, and conversation stops. One student, Seán Killingsworth, felt worried about this habit. “It was just like I was talking to a bunch of zombies,” he said. He ____4____ (错过) real conversation and wanted fewer distractions (分心). In 2023, Killingsworth started the Reconnect Movement. Students hand over their phones at the door and spend an hour socializing ____5____ (没有) screens. During these phone-free meetups, students sit together, listen to music, and talk. “At first it can feel awkward,” said one club leader. Many people use their phones as a digital comfort when they feel ____6____ (紧张，焦虑). After a few minutes, they relax and enjoy the conversation. ____7____ (专家) still debate how smartphones influence mental health. Some studies say taking a break helps people feel calmer and happier. Other research says online communities can support students who want to ____8____ (表达) themselves. Students say the meetings help them ____9____ (连接) with friends and classmates. Killingsworth calls them “human connection habitats”; places where people can remember how natural conversation feels. The group hopes that practicing this habit makes students notice how often they reach for a distraction. By being present together, they learn to balance ____10____ (科技) with real people. 【答案】1. college##university 2. almost##nearly 3. social 4. missed 5. without 6. nervous 7. Experts 8. express 9. connect 10. technology 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Seán Killingsworth针对学生在校园过度使用手机的现象，发起“重新连接运动”，让学生放下手机进行社交，以及该运动带来的影响和意义。 【1题详解】 句意：在许多大学校园里，学生们几乎总是随身携带手机。根据所给汉语提示可知，“大学”college/university，此处是名词作定语修饰名词campuses，通常用单数形式。故填college/university。 【2题详解】 句意：在许多大学校园里，学生们几乎总是随身携带手机。根据所给汉语提示可知，“几乎”almost/nearly，两者意思相近。故填almost/nearly。 【3题详解】 句意：他们走路去上课时发短信，等讲座时浏览社交媒体。根据所给汉语提示可知，“社交”social，social media表示“社交媒体”，固定短语。故填social。 【4题详解】 句意：他错过了真正的对话，想要更少的干扰。根据所给汉语提示可知，“错过”miss，由前文felt可知，句子时态为一般过去时，所以此处用miss的过去式missed。故填missed。 【5题详解】 句意：学生们进门时交出手机，花一个小时在没有屏幕情况下社交。根据所给汉语提示可知，“没有”without，without screens表示“没有屏幕”。故填without。 【6题详解】 句意：当许多人感到紧张时，他们会把手机当作一种数字安慰。根据所给汉语提示可知，“紧张，焦虑”nervous，形容词作表语。故填nervous。 【7题详解】 句意：专家们仍在争论智能手机如何影响心理健康。根据所给汉语提示可知，“专家”expert，这里用复数形式experts表示泛指，放句首首字母大写。故填Experts。 【8题详解】 句意：其他研究表明，在线社区可以支持那些想要表达自己的学生。根据所给汉语提示可知，“表达”express，want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，所以此处用express的原形。故填express。 【9题详解】 句意：学生们说这些聚会帮助他们与朋友和同学建立联系。根据所给汉语提示可知，“连接”connect，help sb. do sth.表示“帮助某人做某事”，所以此处用connect的原形。故填connect。 【10题详解】 句意：通过共同在场，他们学会平衡科技与真实的人。根据所给汉语提示可知，“科技”technology，为不可数名词。故填technology。 B. 根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。（每空一词） big box popular which like Pop Mart is a toy company from China. Its toy Labubu is very ____11____ in many countries. The company wants Labubu to be successful for a long time, like Disney’s Mickey Mouse. Pop Mart also wants to make more toys ____12____ Labubu. Now, Pop Mart is ____13____ than many other toy companies. Because of Labubu, many new companies in China also want to make toys. More people want to buy and sell art toys. Pop Mart sells toys in “blind ____14____”, so people do not know ____15____ toy they get. This makes it more fun and special. 【答案】11. popular 12. like 13. bigger 14. boxes 15. which 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国玩具公司Pop Mart及其热门玩具Labubu的成功，以及该公司通过盲盒销售策略在市场上的竞争优势。 【11题详解】 句意：它的玩具Labubu在许多国家非常受欢迎。根据“Its toy Labubu”和“in many countries”可知，Labubu在很多国家很受欢迎，备选词汇popular“受欢迎的”符合语境，形容词在句中作表语。故填popular。 【12题详解】 句意：Pop Mart还希望制作更多像Labubu这样的玩具。根据“more toys…Labubu”可知，此处用介词like表示类比，like“比如”符合语境。故填like。 【13题详解】 句意：现在，Pop Mart比许多其他玩具公司规模更大。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词big的比较级bigger作表语，强调公司规模更大。故填bigger。 【14题详解】 句意：Pop Mart以“盲盒”的形式销售玩具，所以人们不知道他们得到的是哪一个玩具。blind box“盲盒”，此处应用box的复数形式表示泛指。故填boxes。 【15题详解】 句意：Pop Mart以“盲盒”的形式销售玩具，所以人们不知道他们得到的是哪一个玩具。根据“so people do not know…toy they get”可知，人们不知道得到哪一个玩具，用which引导宾语从句。故填which。 二、语法填空（本题共有10小题，每小题1分，共计10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 The Chongyang Festival is a Chinese traditional festival. It is celebrated on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. On this day, both the month and the day are the ninth, ____16____ people also call it the Double Ninth Festival. The festival started as early as the Warring States Period (475 BC-221 BC). It has a history of more than 2,000 years. Among all the numbers ____17____ zero to nine, nine is ____18____ (high) odd number (奇数). People believe that two “nines” meeting together stand for a long life. So it is a special holiday for Chinese people ___19____ (show) love and respect for ____20____ (they) elders. They hold many kinds of ____21____ (activity) in honor of old people, wishing them good health and a long life. ____22____ a meaningful and timeless tradition it is! The festival comes during the golden time of fall. On the day, people traditionally drink chrysanthemum (菊花) wine, eat Double-Ninth Cakes and climb mountains. They also carry a kind of plant ____23____ (name) dogwood (茱萸). People in ancient times believed that ____24____ plant could drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits and prevent them from catching an illness in winter. If you follow these customs in the festival, you ____25____ (feel) its warm and auspicious (吉祥的) atmosphere! 【答案】16. so 17. from 18. the highest 19. to show 20. their 21. activities 22. What 23. named 24. the 25. will feel 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了重阳节的起源、意义以及传统习俗。 【16题详解】 句意：在这一天，月份和日子都是九，所以人们也把它叫做重阳节。根据“On this day, both the month and the day are the ninth, …people also call it the Double Ninth Festival.”可知，前后是因果关系，所以此处应填so表示“所以”。故填so。 【17题详解】 句意：在0到9的所有数字中，9是最高的奇数。根据“zero to nine”可知，表示从0到9，from…to…“从……到……”，是固定搭配。故填from。 【18题详解】 句意：在0到9的所有数字中，9是最高的奇数。根据“Among all the numbers…zero to nine, nine is…odd number (奇数).”可知，此处是在0到9的所有数字中作比较，所以应用最高级，high的最高级是the highest，表示“最高的”。故填the highest。 【19题详解】 句意：所以对于中国人来说，这是一个表达对长辈的爱和尊敬的特殊节日。根据“So it is a special holiday for Chinese people…love and respect for…elders.”可知，此处是用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词holiday，所以应填to show表示“表达”。故填to show。 【20题详解】 句意：所以对于中国人来说，这是一个表达对长辈的爱和尊敬的特殊节日。根据“…love and respect for…elders.”可知，此处是指他们的长辈，应用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词elders，表示“他们的”。故填their。 【21题详解】 句意：他们举行各种各样的活动来纪念老人，祝愿他们身体健康、长寿。根据“They hold many kinds of…in honor of old people”可知，many kinds of后接名词复数，activity的复数形式是activities，表示“活动”。故填activities。 【22题详解】 句意：这是一个多么有意义且永恒的传统啊！根据“…a meaningful and timeless tradition it is!”可知，此处是感叹句，中心词是tradition，所以应用what引导，且首字母要大写。故填What。 【23题详解】 句意：他们还携带一种叫做茱萸的植物。根据“They also carry a kind of plant…dogwood (茱萸).”可知，此处是用过去分词作后置定语，修饰名词plant，name的过去分词是named，表示“被叫做”。故填named。 【24题详解】 句意：古代的人相信这种植物可以驱走邪恶的灵魂，防止他们在冬天生病。根据“People in ancient times believed that…plant could drive away evil (邪恶的) spirits”可知，此处是特指前面提到的茱萸这种植物，所以应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 【25题详解】 句意：如果你在节日里遵循这些习俗，你就会感受到它温暖而吉祥的气氛！根据“If you follow these customs in the festival, you…its warm and auspicious (吉祥的) atmosphere!”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，所以主句应用一般将来时，其结构为will+动词原形，feel表示“感受”。故填will feel。 ( C专题 —— 一般过去时 ) ( 专题导入 )（课堂精粹~） 一般过去时 ( 考点分析 ) 一般过去时： 表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。 过去的时间状语： 1.yesterday 系列 yesterday morning \ afternoon \ evening 昨天早上\下午\晚上 the day before yesterday 前天 2.last 系列 last night昨天夜里, last week 上周，last Friday 上周五， last month 上个月，last year去年 3.in ＋过去的一个时间 in 1990 4.一段时间+ ago five years ago 五年前 5.其他 just now 刚才 in the past 在过去 this morning 今天早上 1.含有be动词的一般过去时 am/is → was  was not=wasn't are → werewere not=weren't ▲结构： 主语 + was/were + 其它 ( I/ he/she/it ＋ was; we/ you/they ＋ were) eg: I was busy yesterday. 我昨天忙。 → 否：I was not busy yesterday. → 疑：Was I busy yesterday？ 答：Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. eg: We were students in 1998. 1998年时我们是学生。 → 否：We weren’t students in 1998. → 一般疑问：Were we students in1998? 答：Yes, we were. No, we weren’t. → 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were +主语+其他? 上个周末你过得怎么样？ ___________ ___________ your last weekend? 昨天下午他们在哪里？ ___________ ___________ they yesterday afternoon? 昨天晚上谁在教室里？ ___________ ___________ in the classroom last night? 昨天你为什么迟到了？ ___________ ___________ you late yesterday? 答案：How was; Where were; Who was; Why were 2. there be 句型的过去时： There was/ were ＋主语＋地点/时间（表示过去在某地有某人或某物） eg: There were many people in the restaurant last Sunday. → 否：There were not many people in the restaurant last Sunday. eg: There was a shop on the street last year. → 一般疑问句：Was there a shop on the street last year? 肯定回答：Yes, there was. 否定回答：No, there wasn’t. →特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +was/were +there+其他? 3.含有实义动词的一般过去时 ▲肯定句结构：主语 + 实义动词的过去式 + 其它 eg: I watched TV yesterday. ▲否定句结构：主语 + didn't ＋实义动词的原形 + 其它 eg: I didn't watch TV yesterday. ▲一般疑问句结构：Did＋主语 + 实义动词的原形 + 其它? eg: Did you watch TV yesterday? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. ▲特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词 + did +主语+动词原形 +其他? 【练一练】昨天他做了什么事情？ ___________ ___________ he do yesterday? 上个周末她参观了什么地方？ ___________ ___________she ___________ last weekend? 你和谁一起去的动物园？ ___________ ___________ you go to the zoo ___________? 他们什么时候到达北京的？ ___________ ___________ they arrive in Beijing? 答案：What did; Where did visit; Who did with; When did ▲动词过去式的变化：分为 规则变化 和 不规则变化 (见书后动词不规则变化表格） ▲ 动词过去式的规则变化：规则变形速记“直、去、双、改”四字诀 构成方法 例词 一般的动词 加-ed want-wanted clean-cleaned 以“e”结尾的动词 加-d live-lived like-liked 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词 变y为i，再加-ed study-studied carry-carried 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned ▲ 动词过去式的不规则变化 ①过去式与原形相同的 let-let cut-cut put-put ②be动词的过去式 am/is-was are-were ③将单词中元音字母i改为a的 ring-rang sing-sang swim-swam begin-began sit-sat give-gave drink-drank ④将单词中元音字母i改为o的 drive-drove ride-rode write-wrote ⑤将单词中的ee改为e，在词尾加t的 keep-kept sleep-slept sweep-swept feel-felt ⑥以d结尾的，把d改为t build-built lend-lent send-sent spend-spent ⑦将单词中的ow或aw改为ew grow-grew know-knew throw-threw draw-drew ⑧过去式以ought或aught结尾的（单词原型有a, 就是aught; 单词原型没a, 就是ought） buy-bought think-thought bring-brought catch-caught teach-taught fight- fought ( 考点突破 ) 一、用动词的适当形式填空。    1.He __________(work) in that bank four years ago.   2.She __________(live) in USA for a long time.   3.I __________(see) him yesterday.   4.He __________(come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning.   5.The boy __________(have) a bad cold yesterday.   6.When __________ you __________(buy) that house?   7.He __________(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday.   8.__________ you __________(try) to call me last night? 9.—What __________you __________(buy) in the shop?    —I __________(buy) a coat just now. 10.The doctor __________(get) up late this morning.   11.She __________(paint) the wall last month.   12.My mother __________(be) a worker 20 years ago. 13. __________(be) you here just now?    No, I __________(be not) here. 14.Why __________ your brother __________(cry) last night?   15.Yesterday __________(be) my mother’s birthday.   二、选择题。 ( )1. She lived there before he ____ to China A. came    B. comes    C. come   D. coming ( )2. I _____ but _____ nothing.   A . was listened; was hearing     B. listened; heard    C . have listened; heard          D. listened; heard of ( ) 3. When did you ____here? A. got to    B. reached   C. arrive in   D. reach ( )4. I____ my homework at 7:00 yesterday evening. A. finished   B. would finish   C. was finishing   D. finish  ( )5. When ____you ____ supper? A. have; had    B. do, have    C. did, have     D. will have 答案：一、 1. worked 2.lived 3.saw 4. came 5.had 6. did you 7. told 8. Did try 9. did buy; bought 10. got 11. painted 12. was 13. Were; wasn’t 14. did cry 15. was 二、ABDAC ( 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $