Unit 3 What makes a great team（阅读策略）-2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固（外研版2024）

2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 What makes a great team?阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 本单元阅读主题围绕“优秀团队的构成要素”展开，引导学生理解团队合作的意义，掌握描述团队特质、合作过程的相关表达，同时培养自身的团队协作意识和跨文化认知能力。阅读语篇多以真实案例（如校园活动、体育赛事、小组任务等）为载体，通过具体场景呈现优秀团队的共性，让学生在阅读中积累语言知识，学会分析团队合作的重要性及实现高效合作的方法。 1. 主题内涵 主题核心是探究“优秀团队的构成条件”，并非单一的“人数聚集”，而是团队成员之间相互配合、目标一致、彼此支持、共同进步的集合。优秀团队的核心在于“协同合作”，每个成员都能发挥自身优势，弥补他人不足，为了同一个目标主动付出，同时尊重差异、包容分歧，最终实现“1+1>2”的效果。 例: Our school basketball team is a great team. We don’t just play together; we help each other. When a player is tired, others take his place. When someone makes a mistake, we encourage him instead of blaming him. We all want to win the school competition, so we practice hard together every afternoon. This is what makes a great team. 2. 素养体现 结合八年级英语核心素养，本主题阅读主要体现四大素养，贴合学生的学习和生活场景，便于理解和践行： （1）语言能力：能读懂关于团队合作的短文，理解文中描述团队特质、成员行为的词汇和句式，能简要复述语篇内容，表达自己对“优秀团队”的看法； （2）思维品质：能通过阅读分析优秀团队的共同特点，区分“普通团队”与“优秀团队”的差异，培养逻辑分析和归纳总结能力； （3）文化意识：了解中西方文化中“团队合作”的共性与差异（如西方更注重个人优势与团队配合的结合，中方更注重集体利益至上），尊重不同文化中的团队理念； （4）学习能力：能在阅读中自主积累与团队相关的词汇、句式，主动运用阅读策略理解语篇，遇到生词或难句时，能通过上下文、语境猜测含义，培养自主阅读能力。 例: When we do group projects in English class, everyone has a job. Lily is good at writing, so she writes the report. Tom is good at speaking, so he presents our work to the class. I am good at collecting information, so I find useful materials for our project. We talk about our ideas and help each other solve problems. Through this, we not only finish the project well but also learn new things from each other. This shows the good literacy of a great team. 3. 策略要求 优秀团队的形成需要明确的策略支撑，结合阅读语篇常见场景，主要包括四大策略，每一种策略都对应具体的团队行为，便于学生理解和运用： （1）明确共同目标：团队成员需达成一致的目标，明确“为什么而合作”，避免各自为战； （2）合理分工协作：根据每个成员的优势分配任务，让每个人都能发挥自身价值，同时相互配合、相互支持； （3）有效沟通交流：团队成员之间及时沟通想法、反馈问题，尊重他人的意见，学会倾听和包容； （4）勇于承担责任：每个成员都要认真完成自己的任务，不推诿、不敷衍，遇到困难时主动承担，共同克服。 例: A great team needs clear strategies. Our class volunteer team wants to help the old people in the community. First, we set a common goal: to make the old people feel happy and cared for. Then we divide the work reasonably: some students help clean their houses, some sing songs for them, and some talk with them. We often have small meetings to communicate our plans and solve problems. If someone can’t finish his task on time, others will help him. Everyone takes responsibility for their work. These strategies make our volunteer team a great one. 4. 文化品质 本主题蕴含的文化品质核心是“集体主义精神”与“尊重差异、包容协作”的理念，这是中西方文化共有的价值追求，也是全球通用的团队准则。在西方文化中，优秀团队既强调个人的独立与优势，也重视团队的整体利益，注重“公平、平等、尊重”的团队氛围；在中方文化中，优秀团队更强调“团结一心、互帮互助、集体利益高于个人利益”，两种文化的理念相互融合，共同构成优秀团队的文化基础。通过本主题阅读，学生能了解不同文化中的团队文化，培养包容多元文化的意识，同时树立正确的集体观。 例: In Western countries, many sports teams are great because they value both individual strength and team cooperation. For example, in a football team, each player has his own position and strength, but they must pass the ball and cooperate with each other to score goals. They respect each other’s ideas and encourage each other even when they lose. In China, our class teams often work together to finish difficult tasks. We help each other with our studies and support each other in daily life. Although there are some differences in team culture between Chinese and Western countries, the core of a great team—cooperation and respect—is the same. ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 1. 主题词汇 （1）团队相关核心词汇 team 团队；group 小组；teamwork 团队合作；member 成员；leader 领导者；partner 伙伴；colleague 同事（侧重校园/小组场景）；groupwork 小组合作；team spirit 团队精神；cooperation 合作；collaboration 协作（较正式）；unity 团结；solidarity 凝聚力 （2）动作/行为类词汇（描述团队合作行为） cooperate 合作；work together 一起工作；help each other 互相帮助；support 支持；assist 协助（较正式）；aid 帮助；encourage 鼓励；cheer 鼓励、欢呼；communicate 沟通；discuss 讨论；talk about 谈论；share 分享；divide 分配；assign 分配（较正式）；finish 完成；complete 完成（较正式）；achieve 实现；reach 达成（目标）；overcome 克服（困难）；solve 解决（问题）；contribute 贡献；devote 致力于；participate 参与；join 加入；take part in 参与 （3）特质/品质类词汇（描述优秀团队/成员特质） great 优秀的；excellent 卓越的；good 好的；strong 强大的；united 团结的；cooperative 乐于合作的；responsible 负责任的；reliable 可靠的；hard-working 勤奋的；diligent 勤奋的（较正式）；patient 有耐心的；friendly 友好的；kind 善良的；respectful 尊重人的；understanding 善解人意的；flexible 灵活的；creative 有创造力的；active 积极的；positive 积极的；optimistic 乐观的；determined 坚定的；persistent 坚持不懈的 （4）目标/任务类词汇 goal 目标；aim 目标（较正式）；task 任务；job 工作（侧重具体任务）；project 项目；assignment 作业、任务（校园场景）；mission 使命（较正式）；challenge 挑战；competition 比赛；game 比赛；activity 活动；plan 计划；strategy 策略；method 方法；way 方法 （5）其他相关词汇 advantage 优势；strength 优势；weakness 劣势；shortcoming 缺点；problem 问题；difficulty 困难；success 成功；victory 胜利；failure 失败；experience 经验；lesson 教训；idea 想法；opinion 观点；suggestion 建议；advice 建议；agreement 一致；disagreement 分歧；respect 尊重；trust 信任；friendship 友谊 2. 主题句式 （1）描述团队的基本句式 1. A great team needs... 一个优秀的团队需要…… 2. What makes a great team is... 构成优秀团队的是…… 3. Our team is made up of... members. 我们的团队由……名成员组成。 4. Each member in our team has his own advantage. 我们团队的每个成员都有自己的优势。 5. We are a united and cooperative team. 我们是一个团结且乐于合作的团队。 6. Our team works hard together to achieve our goals. 我们的团队一起努力，实现我们的目标。 7. This is a great team because everyone helps each other. 这是一个优秀的团队，因为每个人都互相帮助。 8. The key to a great team is teamwork and unity. 优秀团队的关键是团队合作和团结。 9. Our team has a strong team spirit. 我们的团队有很强的团队精神。 10. A great team can overcome any difficulty together. 一个优秀的团队能一起克服任何困难。 （2）描述团队合作行为的句式 1. We cooperate with each other to finish the task. 我们互相合作完成任务。 2. Everyone in the team works together to solve the problem. 团队里的每个人一起努力解决问题。 3. We often communicate our ideas and share our opinions. 我们经常沟通想法，分享观点。 4. They help each other when they are in trouble. 他们遇到困难时互相帮助。 5. We divide the work reasonably according to our strengths. 我们根据自己的优势合理分工。 6. She encourages me to keep trying when I fail. 当我失败时，她鼓励我继续努力。 7. He devotes himself to the team and contributes a lot. 他致力于团队，贡献良多。 8. We take part in team activities actively. 我们积极参与团队活动。 9. They discuss the plan carefully and make a decision together. 他们认真讨论计划，一起做决定。 10. We support each other and make progress together. 我们互相支持，一起进步。 （3）描述团队/成员特质的句式 1. He is a responsible team member and always finishes his work on time. 他是一个负责任的团队成员，总是按时完成工作。 2. Our team leader is kind and understanding. 我们的团队领导者善良且善解人意。 3. She is hard-working and never gives up easily. 她很勤奋，从不轻易放弃。 4. The team is strong because of their positive attitude. 这个团队因为他们积极的态度而强大。 5. Each member is respectful to others’ ideas. 每个成员都尊重他人的想法。 6. He is reliable and we can trust him to finish the task well. 他很可靠，我们可以相信他能把任务做好。 7. Our team is united and we always help each other. 我们的团队很团结，我们总是互相帮助。 8. She is creative and often comes up with good ideas. 她很有创造力，经常想出好主意。 9. They are optimistic even when they face difficulties. 即使面对困难，他们也很乐观。 10. A good team member should be cooperative and helpful. 一个好的团队成员应该乐于合作且乐于助人。 （4）描述目标/策略的句式 1. Our common goal is to win the competition. 我们的共同目标是赢得比赛。 2. We make a plan to finish the project on time. 我们制定计划，按时完成项目。 3. The strategy of our team is to cooperate closely and communicate effectively. 我们团队的策略是紧密合作，有效沟通。 4. We need to set clear goals and work hard to achieve them. 我们需要设定明确的目标，并努力实现它们。 5. The key strategy to a successful team is reasonable division of labor. 成功团队的关键策略是合理分工。 6. We should learn from our mistakes and improve our team work. 我们应该从错误中学习，改进我们的团队合作。 7. To achieve our goal, we need to work together and never give up. 为了实现我们的目标，我们需要一起努力，永不放弃。 8. We adjust our strategy according to the actual situation. 我们根据实际情况调整策略。 9. A clear goal can make the team more united. 明确的目标能让团队更团结。 10. We should listen to others’ suggestions and improve our methods. 我们应该听取他人的建议，改进我们的方法。 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示翻译句子 1. 构成优秀团队的关键是团结和团队合作。（What makes...; unity; teamwork） 2. 我们团队的每个成员都互相帮助，共同克服困难。（each member; help each other; overcome difficulties） 3. 他们根据自己的优势合理分工，按时完成了任务。（divide the work; according to; strength; finish the task） 4. 一个负责任的团队成员应该认真对待自己的工作，不推诿责任。（responsible; take...seriously; avoid; pass the buck） 5. 为了实现我们的共同目标，我们需要积极沟通，分享我们的想法。（achieve; common goal; communicate actively; share） 3.优化策略 结合本单元主题的阅读特点（多场景、重细节、强逻辑），针对八年级学生的阅读水平，推荐4种核心阅读策略，每种策略结合主题语篇特点分析，给出具体运用方法，便于学生在阅读中灵活运用，提高阅读效率和理解能力。 ①略读策略（Skimming）——快速把握语篇主旨 核心目的：快速浏览语篇，抓住“优秀团队的构成”这一核心主旨，了解语篇的整体框架（如是否介绍团队案例、是否分点说明优秀团队的特质/策略等），无需纠结生词和细节，节省阅读时间。 结合主题的运用方法：阅读本主题语篇时，重点浏览标题、首段、末段以及每段的首句和尾句。因为本主题语篇多以“总-分”“总-分-总”结构展开，首段通常引出“优秀团队”的话题，末段总结优秀团队的核心特质，每段首句多为该段的中心句（如介绍团队合作的策略、成员的特质等）。例如，阅读一篇关于校园小组合作的短文时，通过略读首段（引出“小组合作让任务更易完成”）、每段首句（如“明确目标很重要”“合理分工是关键”）和末段（总结“团结协作造就优秀小组”），可快速把握语篇主旨是“优秀小组的构成要素”注意事项：略读时，遇到不认识的词汇（如collaboration、solidarity），可暂时跳过，重点关注与“team、cooperate、help each other”等核心词汇相关的内容，确保快速抓住主旨。 ②查读策略（Scanning）——快速定位关键细节 核心目的：在明确语篇主旨后，根据题干要求（如“优秀团队的策略有哪些”“文中团队的成员做了什么”），快速定位语篇中的关键细节，找到解题或答题的依据，提高阅读的针对性。 结合主题的运用方法：本主题语篇的关键细节多为“优秀团队的特质、合作策略、成员行为、具体案例”等，阅读时可重点关注与这些内容相关的关键词（如strategy、divide、cooperate、help、goal等），快速定位对应段落和句子。例如，题干询问“文中提到的优秀团队有哪些策略”，可快速扫描语篇，找到含有“strategy”“method”“way”等词汇的句子，进而找到“明确目标、合理分工、有效沟通、承担责任”等具体策略；若题干询问“文中的篮球团队是如何合作的”，可扫描含有“basketball team”“play together”“help each other”等词汇的细节，找到对应的描述。 注意事项：查读时，无需逐句阅读，重点锁定题干中的关键词和语篇中的核心词汇，快速匹配细节，避免浪费时间在无关内容上。 ③语境猜词策略（Contextual Guessing）——突破生词障碍 核心目的：阅读本主题语篇时，难免遇到生词（如contribute、devote、solidarity等），结合上下文语境（如句子逻辑、转折关系、举例说明等），猜测生词的含义，无需频繁查阅词典，培养自主阅读能力。 结合主题的运用方法：本主题语篇多通过举例、因果、转折等逻辑关系呈现内容，可借助这些逻辑猜测生词含义。① 举例猜词：若生词后有“for example、such as”等引导的例子，可通过例子猜测词义。例如，“He contributes a lot to the team, such as helping others practice and organizing team meetings.” 结合例子“帮助他人练习、组织团队会议”，可猜测“contributes”意为“贡献”。② 因果猜词：通过“because、so、therefore”等因果连词，结合前后句含义猜测生词。例如，“We need to cooperate because teamwork can help us finish the task easily.” 结合后半句“团队合作能帮助我们轻松完成任务”，可猜测“cooperate”意为“合作”。③ 同义/反义猜词：若生词前后有同义或反义词汇，可借助这些词汇猜测。例如，“Our team is united; everyone works together and helps each other.” 结合“works together and helps each other”，可猜测“united”意为“团结的”。 注意事项：猜测生词时，重点结合本主题的核心词汇（如team、cooperation、help等），确保猜测的词义符合语篇语境，避免脱离主题猜测。 ④归纳总结策略（Summarizing）——深化语篇理解 核心目的：阅读完语篇后，对语篇内容进行归纳总结，梳理优秀团队的核心要素、合作策略等，将分散的细节整合起来，深化对“ What makes a great team ”这一主题的理解，同时培养逻辑归纳能力。 结合主题的运用方法：阅读完本主题语篇后，可按照“主旨+细节”的思路进行总结。① 先总结语篇主旨（如“本文通过校园小组合作的案例，介绍了优秀团队的构成要素”）；② 再归纳核心细节（如优秀团队的特质：团结、负责任、乐于合作；合作策略：明确目标、合理分工、有效沟通等）；③ 最后结合自身，简要表达对“优秀团队”的理解（如“我认为，优秀的团队需要每个人互相支持、共同努力”）。例如，阅读一篇关于体育团队的短文后，可总结为：“本文介绍了一支优秀足球团队的故事，他们通过明确目标、合理分工、互相鼓励，赢得了比赛。这说明，团结协作和团队精神是优秀团队的核心，每个成员都发挥自身优势，才能实现共同的目标。” 注意事项：总结时，语言要简洁明了，重点突出本主题的核心内容，避免遗漏关键细节，同时结合八年级学生的语言水平，不用过于复杂的句式和词汇。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 Cooperation (合作) is very important, possibly because good teamwork spirit (团队精神) is of great importance to successful groups. Doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage (鼓励) students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born. As students, you can do something to improve your teamwork spirit: ▲ Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲ Work together Let everyone work together and decide the team goal. It’s a good idea to celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲ Build trust (信任) It’s okay to do something wrong, but saying sorry bravely can make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Much of the work in today’s world requires (需要) teamwork. Team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱队) and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation. Don’t wait. Act now. 1．What does “It” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．Communicating with others. B．Preparing for future jobs. C．Helping others in the team. D．Doing team sports. 2．According to the passage, which activity can help students learn about cooperation? A．Studying at home. B．Playing video games. C．Walking with parents. D．Singing in a chorus. 3．Who is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. 2 This term, Jason goes to a new school. He is so happy to join the school’s hockey team. But he’s had enough these days! He plays together with another boy named Chet as forwards (前锋). That boy never passes the ball to other teammates during a game and always shows off after scoring goals. The team is soon faced with their first match. When they play against another team from Westmorland High School, they just lose so quickly! Jason feels awful. But when he notices Chet crying in a corner, his anger is replaced by feeling sorry for the boy. Quietly, he walks to Chet. “One failure doesn’t mean everything. After all, we’ve all tried our best!” Seated face to face, Jason now speaks out the words that have been on his mind for a long time,“ ★ . ” Chet nods. After that, they practise hard together every day. Months later, they meet Westmorland again. When the game starts, Jason exchanges an encouraging nod with Chet. This time, they play as if they were one person! Just a few seconds before the game is over, Chet gets the ball. Seeing Jason in the best position to score, he passes it at once without thinking. Then Jason scores the game­winning goal! As the teammates excitedly jump up and give each other a high five, Chet hugs Jason, “Well done, mate!” “It was WE who won together!” Jason smiles. 4．Which team is Jason in? A． B． C． D． 5．What does Jason do when he sees Chet crying? A．He shouts at Chet angrily. B．He walks away without saying a word. C．He goes to Chet and comforts him. D．He asks other teammates to cheer Chet up. 6． Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．We can make it only if we practise harder B．But I think things might be different if we play as a team C．I’m sure that we’ll win next time D．Failure is the mother of success 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．Chet cries because he doesn’t do his best during the game. B．All the teammates are happy because of Chet’s progress in hockey. C．Chet might have a new understanding after the talk with Jason. D．Chet passes the ball to Jason because he thinks Jason plays better than him. 3 Cooperation has got attention in many schools, possibly because good teamwork spirit is of great importance to successful groups. It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born but built. Here are things you can do to improve teamwork spirit: ▲Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲Work together on projects Let everyone help make decisions about the project. Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps. Celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲Build trust and respect It’s okay to do something wrong, but bravely say sorry to make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Respect others’ work and encourage everyone to do better. Much of the work in today’s world is completed in teams. For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱团) and joining in unpaid community (社区) service are the ways to learn about cooperation. 8．According to the passage, what’s the best way to teach cooperation? A． B． C． D． 9．It’s helpful to improve team spirit by ________. A．letting everyone speak and listen to each other carelessly B．dividing the project into steps C．making decisions about the project alone D．listening to others’ opinions all the time 10．What does the underlined word “unpaid” mean? A．Interesting. B．Boring. C．Meaningful. D．Free. 11．Whom is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. 4 Being a team player is a necessary part of life. Whether it is just within your family, on a sports team or at work, there are few jobs we can do all by ourselves. It goes with a saying that teamwork plays an important role in our team’s development. In my opinion, a team means everyone achieves more together. No one can be the best at everything. When all of us combine our talents, we can be the best. Well, in fact, good team players share the following qualities. They are happy and optimistic. They celebrate the success and learn from the failure. They are helpful and generous (慷慨的). They are easy going and try to help other teammates. What’s more, good team players prefer to cooperate rather than compete with their teammates. To make the team work best, it is important to make good use of the team members’ strengths. And then we can find the roles that fit them well. Things like this can be found almost everywhere. For example, in a soccer team, every player has his role. A team works best because every member of the team has his role. To achieve the best balance, there should be a balance of different roles: an expert to solve many problems, a leader to make decisions, a thinker to offer ideas and ways, a doer to finish tasks and get things done. There’s a saying that goes, “No one is perfect but a team can be.” 12．What does the underlined word combine mean? A．Get together. B．Learn from. C．Find out. D．Show up. 13．Who might the speaker think is a good team player? A．A person who has many hobbies. B．A person who always helps others. C．A person who likes asking questions. D．A person who likes competing with others. 14．How does the speaker explain the importance of teamwork in Paragraph 3? A．By telling a story. B．By comparing facts. C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example. 15．Which idea will the speaker agree with? A．No team can be perfect. B．Someone can be perfect. C．Each team member is important. D．An expert can solve all problems. 5 The most basic and powerful way to connect (沟通) with another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our full attention (注意力). When people are talking, just listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most of the time caring about it is even more important than understanding it. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of saying and meaning “I’m so sorry” when someone is sad. One of my friends told me that when she tried to tell her story, people often broke in to tell her that something similar happened to them even when she didn’t finish her words. For some reason, her sadness became a story about them. In the end, she stopped talking to most people. We connect through listening. When we break into what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know we care. This easy thing isn’t that easy to learn. When I was young, I thought people listened only because they were too shy to speak or did not know the answer. A loving silence (沉默) often has more power to comfort and to connect than the kindest words. 16．In the writer’s eyes, the most important thing we can give people is ________. A．plenty of money B．lots of freedom C．full attention D．a smile 17．We should ________ when our friends are sad. A．share our sad stories with them B．listen to their stories and say “I’m so sorry” C．let them enjoy the silence and not talk about it D．tell them something interesting to make them happy 18．The underlined phrase “broke in” probably means ________ in the passage. A．打断 B．拒绝 C．畏惧 D．同意 19．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being a good listener makes you a good talker. B．Listening to people isn’t something easy to learn. C．Most listeners are too shy to show themselves. D．Sometimes a loving silence does a better job than beautiful words. 6 Have you met someone who kept talking and talking, and you couldn’t get them to stop? You don’t want to be impolite by telling them to shut up, but you really want to get out of the conversation. Here are some ways to help you. Use body language. While it may feel impolite, you could turn away, leave your headphones on, and avoid looking at his or her eyes, which will show that you don’t want to talk. This may save you from directly telling someone to stop talking later on. Keep working on whatever activity you are doing. Get up and move around. Be active and find little things to do instead of listening. Interrupt them as soon as you can. Saying things like “I’d like to add something” or “If I could interrupt you for just a minute” will often let someone know that they are talking too much. Lead the conversation. This is especially helpful when dealing with someone you often talk to. Let them know that you heard what they said and guide the conversation in a different direction. Mention that you don’t have a lot of time to talk. Expressions like “I would love to chat but I have to go to a movie right now” and “Today’s not a great day to talk. I have a lot of tasks” will make you easily end the conversation. Sometimes ending a conversation may not be so easy. Remember it is a skill to back out of a conversation without saying “You are boring. Shut up.” 20．What does the underlined word “Interrupt” mean? A．Refuse. B．Leave. C．Break. D．Accept. 21．Which of the following is the best way to make someone stop talking? A．Getting up and finding something else to do. B．Saying someone is boring directly. C．Looking at him or her and listening carefully. D．Leaving your headphones off and keep smiling. 22．What can we know according to the text? A．We can end a conversation easily. B．To end a conversation politely, we need to get some skills. C．Don’t stop talking until someone ends it. D．It’s impolite to guide a conversation in a different direction. 23．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to Lead a Conversation. B．Polite Ways to Start a Conversation. C．Body Language Helps Express Well. D．How to End a Conversation Politely. 7 When we talk about communication, we usually think of communicating with others. But sometimes, we also talk to ourselves. Imagine this: Your mom asks you what you want for breakfast. Then you think of many kinds of food: pancakes, bread, porridge…You think it would be nice to have pancakes. Before you tell your mom what you want, you are talking to yourself. We call this talking to ourselves “intrapersonal communication (自我沟通)”. This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering things. Intrapersonal communication is very important in our life. Good intrapersonal communication can help you know yourself better. When you are happy with who you are and know what you want, you can get on well with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you watch your thoughts and feelings. When you find you have a lot of bad thoughts and feelings that make you sad, you can try to cheer up and get rid of (摆脱) them. Moreover, intrapersonal communication helps you communicate with others. If you understand your thoughts and feelings better, you can think about others’ feelings when you talk to them. Then you can understand and get on well with them. 24．What does “intrapersonal communication” mean according to the passage? A．Communicating with others. B．Talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking,… C．Only talking to ourselves. D．Communicating with parents. 25．Why is intrapersonal communication important? A．Because it can help us make more friends. B．Because it can help us know others better. C．Because it can help us know ourselves better. D．Because it can help us make more money. 26．If we have a lot of bad thoughts and feelings, what can we do? A．Keep them in our hearts. B．Try to cheer up and get rid of them. C．Tell them to others and make them sad. D．Do nothing about them. 27．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= paragraph 1 ②= paragraph 2...) A．①/②/③④ B．①②/③/④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②/③④ 28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Intrapersonal communication has nothing to do with talking with others. B．Intrapersonal communication can’t help us understand others’ feelings. C．We don’t need to talk to ourselves in our life. D．Intrapersonal communication can help us get on well with others. 8 In modern society, people have a wide range of ways to communicate with one another. Telephone calls remain a common method. When you’re in a rush and need a quick response, making a phone call is a great choice. You can talk directly to the person on the other side. Video calls have grown more and more popular. They let you see the other person’s facial expressions and body language during the conversation. This makes them perfect for long-distance communication with family and friends. Body language is also an important form of communication. A smile can convey friendliness, while a frown might suggest dissatisfaction (不满). We use body language even when we’re on the phone or in a video call. Email is suitable for sending detailed information, such as work reports or long messages. It’s formal and can be saved for future use. Text messages are convenient for sending short information. You can send them at any time, and the recipient can read them at their convenience. Face-to-face communication is the most traditional and the most powerful. It gives you the opportunity to have in-depth conversations, sense the other person’s emotions, and build stronger relationships. Each communication method has its own benefits, and we can pick the most appropriate one according to different situations. 29．Which method is common if you need a direct reply quickly? A．Sending emails. B．Making telephone calls. C．Using body language. D．Sending text messages. 30．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Facial expressions. B．Body language. C．Video calls. D．Conversations. 31．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．People only use body language when making phone calls. B．Video calls can help people send detailed information. C．People can send emails and text messages at any time. D．Face-to-face communication is the most powerful way to build stronger relationships. 32．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “convenient”? A．Hard. B．Easy. C．Useful. D．Fresh. 33．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To describe the history of communication. B．To explain the importance of communication. C．To tell about different ways of communication. D．To help us choose communication methods. 9 Book SigningThe Fine Art of Small Talk By Debra FineWhen: 7:00 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on 19th March, 2026 Where: At the Public Library Does the thought of starting a conversation with a stranger make you nervous? Do you sit worriedly through job interviews (面试) waiting for the other person to speak? Do you want to become better at making small talk with new people? If your answer is “yes”, then this is the right book for you. In the book, the communication expert Debra Fine will show you how to: ◆make a good impression (印象) from the minute you say hello. ◆feel more comfortable in any kind of social situation. ◆avoid (避免) those uncomfortable and awkward silences (冷场) in a conversation. Come and meet Debra Fine in person. Buy a book and get it signed. Maybe you will be an expert at communicating. 34．What problem does the book help solve? A．How to draw beautiful pictures. B．How to make friends with animals. C．How to become a communication expert. D．How to feel less nervous during small talk. 35．What can we know about the book signing? A．It will be held on 9th March. B．Debra Fine wrote this book. C．Everyone will get a free gift. D．It will take place in a bookstore. 36．Who might be most interested in the book? A．Those who are good at giving speeches. B．Those who enjoy going to parties. C．Those who are afraid to talk with others. D．Those who are looking for new jobs. 10 Almost everyone has experienced the uncomfortable feeling of being misunderstood. A girl, for example, sends a short message to her friend because she is busy, but the friend thinks she is angry. Or a mother asks her son to study harder out of care, yet the son believes she doesn’t trust him. A teacher may simply ask a student to hand in homework, but the student thinks that the teacher dislikes him. Misunderstandings like these can cause serious results. They may hurt friendships, create arguments in families, or make people not believe each other. When someone feels people are wrong about them, they may become sad, angry, or even stop expressing their true thoughts. In class, a student who is often misunderstood may stop asking questions or taking part in group work. What makes things worse is that misunderstandings often grow quietly, and people may not realize the problem until it becomes difficult to fix. One reason for misunderstandings is that people see the same situation differently. Our past experiences, feelings and worries all change how we hear words. Another reason is that we often make quick guesses without checking the facts. We think we already know what the other person means, so we stop listening. Sometimes, people keep their feelings inside because they are afraid of being laughed at. As a result, small problems turn into bigger ones. Facing these facts can be uncomfortable, but it is important if we want to build stronger relationships. Recognizing misunderstandings is the first step to change. When we slow down, listen carefully, and ask questions, we can better understand what others truly mean. Simple sentences like “Did you mean…” or “I feel this way when you say that” can open the door to real communication. Research shows that empathy can help stop many misunderstandings. This feeling for others helps us notice when people are sad or worried and makes us try to understand their feelings. These ways of listening, asking and caring help us think before reacting and give others a chance to explain themselves. The key to solving misunderstandings lies in kindness to ourselves and others. Everyone makes mistakes in communication. By creating an environment where people feel safe to speak, we can break down walls. When we understand that misunderstandings are a common part of life, it becomes easier to talk openly, fix relationships, and grow together. 37．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1? A．To stress that misunderstandings can cause problems. B．To answer why people send short messages to others. C．To compare different ways to communicate with others. D．To show that misunderstandings often happen in daily life. 38．What does the word “empathy” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．A way to start conversations. B．A study on misunderstandings. C．A feeling of understanding how others feel. D．A habit of asking questions when communicating. 39．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Staying quiet is the way to stop arguments. B．Guessing quickly helps solve misunderstandings. C．Open communication helps stop many misunderstandings. D．Misunderstandings happen because people lie to each other. 40．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To stop people to make communication mistakes. B．To advise readers how to express themselves clearly. C．To explain why misunderstandings are often difficult to fix. D．To tell people how to fix misunderstandings and communicate well. 11 “How was your weekend?” “Did you see the game on TV last night?” “Isn’t the weather beautiful today?” These questions and the answers to them are examples of “small talk”. Some people don’t want to make small talk at work. They think they shouldn’t talk about things that have nothing to do with their job, or their partners will think they aren’t serious about their work. But small talk is important. It can help you a lot. It shows you’re friendly and care about your partners. You can become a better team member. Here is some advice for successful small talk. You can talk about the weather, news, hobbies, TV programs and famous people like movie stars, singers, etc. You can also share something about your family, such as birthday parties and other family events, but don’t share very personal information like family problems. Remember not to talk about money, age and so on. Listening is an important part of small talk. Listen carefully to others and ask questions. Don’t just talk about yourself. And remember to smile. Making small talk takes practice. The more you do it, the better you’ll be at making small talk! 41．The writer starts the passage with some examples to ________. A．give his opinion B．answer the topic C．introduce the topic D．answer some questions 42．We can know ________ from Paragraph 3. A．the importance of small talk B．the friendly ways of small talk C．how to make small talk D．the reasons to be polite 43．According to the passage, which of the following is OK for small talk? A．“How old are you?” B．“Who’s your favourite actor?” C．“Why did your parents fight yesterday?” D．“How much money do you make each month?” 12 ①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you won’t like. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice (选择). Instead, give your time and attention to the people who are interested in being with you. 44．What should you do if people choose to believe the gossip about you? A．Try to win them over. B．Let them know the truth. C．Forget about it and move on. D．Find out where the gossip comes from. 45．Why don’t people want to make new friends sometimes? A．Because they are afraid of making new friends. B．Because they are satisfied with the friends they have now. C．Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. D．Because they worry that a new friend will influence (影响) their old friendship. 46．What does the underlined sentence “Don’t take it personally” in paragraph 4 mean? A．You shouldn’t share it with others. B．You shouldn’t stop it by yourself. C．You shouldn’t take it to heart. D．You shouldn’t accept it in person. 47．Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 48．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．How to make new friends. B．How to have a talk with others. C．How to be popular among friends. D．What to do when you’re not liked by others. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年下学期八年级英语单元知识基础巩固(外研版2024) Unit 3 What makes a great team?阅读策略 目录 第一部分 阅读主题阐释锁定基础 高效学习 第二部分 词句策略积累用法精析 变式巩固 第三部分 阅读强化训练深度优化 扫清盲区 ◇Part 01 阅读主题阐释 本单元阅读主题围绕“优秀团队的构成要素”展开，引导学生理解团队合作的意义，掌握描述团队特质、合作过程的相关表达，同时培养自身的团队协作意识和跨文化认知能力。阅读语篇多以真实案例（如校园活动、体育赛事、小组任务等）为载体，通过具体场景呈现优秀团队的共性，让学生在阅读中积累语言知识，学会分析团队合作的重要性及实现高效合作的方法。 1. 主题内涵 主题核心是探究“优秀团队的构成条件”，并非单一的“人数聚集”，而是团队成员之间相互配合、目标一致、彼此支持、共同进步的集合。优秀团队的核心在于“协同合作”，每个成员都能发挥自身优势，弥补他人不足，为了同一个目标主动付出，同时尊重差异、包容分歧，最终实现“1+1>2”的效果。 例: Our school basketball team is a great team. We don’t just play together; we help each other. When a player is tired, others take his place. When someone makes a mistake, we encourage him instead of blaming him. We all want to win the school competition, so we practice hard together every afternoon. This is what makes a great team. 2. 素养体现 结合八年级英语核心素养，本主题阅读主要体现四大素养，贴合学生的学习和生活场景，便于理解和践行： （1）语言能力：能读懂关于团队合作的短文，理解文中描述团队特质、成员行为的词汇和句式，能简要复述语篇内容，表达自己对“优秀团队”的看法； （2）思维品质：能通过阅读分析优秀团队的共同特点，区分“普通团队”与“优秀团队”的差异，培养逻辑分析和归纳总结能力； （3）文化意识：了解中西方文化中“团队合作”的共性与差异（如西方更注重个人优势与团队配合的结合，中方更注重集体利益至上），尊重不同文化中的团队理念； （4）学习能力：能在阅读中自主积累与团队相关的词汇、句式，主动运用阅读策略理解语篇，遇到生词或难句时，能通过上下文、语境猜测含义，培养自主阅读能力。 例: When we do group projects in English class, everyone has a job. Lily is good at writing, so she writes the report. Tom is good at speaking, so he presents our work to the class. I am good at collecting information, so I find useful materials for our project. We talk about our ideas and help each other solve problems. Through this, we not only finish the project well but also learn new things from each other. This shows the good literacy of a great team. 3. 策略要求 优秀团队的形成需要明确的策略支撑，结合阅读语篇常见场景，主要包括四大策略，每一种策略都对应具体的团队行为，便于学生理解和运用： （1）明确共同目标：团队成员需达成一致的目标，明确“为什么而合作”，避免各自为战； （2）合理分工协作：根据每个成员的优势分配任务，让每个人都能发挥自身价值，同时相互配合、相互支持； （3）有效沟通交流：团队成员之间及时沟通想法、反馈问题，尊重他人的意见，学会倾听和包容； （4）勇于承担责任：每个成员都要认真完成自己的任务，不推诿、不敷衍，遇到困难时主动承担，共同克服。 例: A great team needs clear strategies. Our class volunteer team wants to help the old people in the community. First, we set a common goal: to make the old people feel happy and cared for. Then we divide the work reasonably: some students help clean their houses, some sing songs for them, and some talk with them. We often have small meetings to communicate our plans and solve problems. If someone can’t finish his task on time, others will help him. Everyone takes responsibility for their work. These strategies make our volunteer team a great one. 4. 文化品质 本主题蕴含的文化品质核心是“集体主义精神”与“尊重差异、包容协作”的理念，这是中西方文化共有的价值追求，也是全球通用的团队准则。在西方文化中，优秀团队既强调个人的独立与优势，也重视团队的整体利益，注重“公平、平等、尊重”的团队氛围；在中方文化中，优秀团队更强调“团结一心、互帮互助、集体利益高于个人利益”，两种文化的理念相互融合，共同构成优秀团队的文化基础。通过本主题阅读，学生能了解不同文化中的团队文化，培养包容多元文化的意识，同时树立正确的集体观。 例: In Western countries, many sports teams are great because they value both individual strength and team cooperation. For example, in a football team, each player has his own position and strength, but they must pass the ball and cooperate with each other to score goals. They respect each other’s ideas and encourage each other even when they lose. In China, our class teams often work together to finish difficult tasks. We help each other with our studies and support each other in daily life. Although there are some differences in team culture between Chinese and Western countries, the core of a great team—cooperation and respect—is the same. ◇Part 02 词句策略积累 1. 主题词汇 （1）团队相关核心词汇 team 团队；group 小组；teamwork 团队合作；member 成员；leader 领导者；partner 伙伴；colleague 同事（侧重校园/小组场景）；groupwork 小组合作；team spirit 团队精神；cooperation 合作；collaboration 协作（较正式）；unity 团结；solidarity 凝聚力 （2）动作/行为类词汇（描述团队合作行为） cooperate 合作；work together 一起工作；help each other 互相帮助；support 支持；assist 协助（较正式）；aid 帮助；encourage 鼓励；cheer 鼓励、欢呼；communicate 沟通；discuss 讨论；talk about 谈论；share 分享；divide 分配；assign 分配（较正式）；finish 完成；complete 完成（较正式）；achieve 实现；reach 达成（目标）；overcome 克服（困难）；solve 解决（问题）；contribute 贡献；devote 致力于；participate 参与；join 加入；take part in 参与 （3）特质/品质类词汇（描述优秀团队/成员特质） great 优秀的；excellent 卓越的；good 好的；strong 强大的；united 团结的；cooperative 乐于合作的；responsible 负责任的；reliable 可靠的；hard-working 勤奋的；diligent 勤奋的（较正式）；patient 有耐心的；friendly 友好的；kind 善良的；respectful 尊重人的；understanding 善解人意的；flexible 灵活的；creative 有创造力的；active 积极的；positive 积极的；optimistic 乐观的；determined 坚定的；persistent 坚持不懈的 （4）目标/任务类词汇 goal 目标；aim 目标（较正式）；task 任务；job 工作（侧重具体任务）；project 项目；assignment 作业、任务（校园场景）；mission 使命（较正式）；challenge 挑战；competition 比赛；game 比赛；activity 活动；plan 计划；strategy 策略；method 方法；way 方法 （5）其他相关词汇 advantage 优势；strength 优势；weakness 劣势；shortcoming 缺点；problem 问题；difficulty 困难；success 成功；victory 胜利；failure 失败；experience 经验；lesson 教训；idea 想法；opinion 观点；suggestion 建议；advice 建议；agreement 一致；disagreement 分歧；respect 尊重；trust 信任；friendship 友谊 2. 主题句式 （1）描述团队的基本句式 1. A great team needs... 一个优秀的团队需要…… 2. What makes a great team is... 构成优秀团队的是…… 3. Our team is made up of... members. 我们的团队由……名成员组成。 4. Each member in our team has his own advantage. 我们团队的每个成员都有自己的优势。 5. We are a united and cooperative team. 我们是一个团结且乐于合作的团队。 6. Our team works hard together to achieve our goals. 我们的团队一起努力，实现我们的目标。 7. This is a great team because everyone helps each other. 这是一个优秀的团队，因为每个人都互相帮助。 8. The key to a great team is teamwork and unity. 优秀团队的关键是团队合作和团结。 9. Our team has a strong team spirit. 我们的团队有很强的团队精神。 10. A great team can overcome any difficulty together. 一个优秀的团队能一起克服任何困难。 （2）描述团队合作行为的句式 1. We cooperate with each other to finish the task. 我们互相合作完成任务。 2. Everyone in the team works together to solve the problem. 团队里的每个人一起努力解决问题。 3. We often communicate our ideas and share our opinions. 我们经常沟通想法，分享观点。 4. They help each other when they are in trouble. 他们遇到困难时互相帮助。 5. We divide the work reasonably according to our strengths. 我们根据自己的优势合理分工。 6. She encourages me to keep trying when I fail. 当我失败时，她鼓励我继续努力。 7. He devotes himself to the team and contributes a lot. 他致力于团队，贡献良多。 8. We take part in team activities actively. 我们积极参与团队活动。 9. They discuss the plan carefully and make a decision together. 他们认真讨论计划，一起做决定。 10. We support each other and make progress together. 我们互相支持，一起进步。 （3）描述团队/成员特质的句式 1. He is a responsible team member and always finishes his work on time. 他是一个负责任的团队成员，总是按时完成工作。 2. Our team leader is kind and understanding. 我们的团队领导者善良且善解人意。 3. She is hard-working and never gives up easily. 她很勤奋，从不轻易放弃。 4. The team is strong because of their positive attitude. 这个团队因为他们积极的态度而强大。 5. Each member is respectful to others’ ideas. 每个成员都尊重他人的想法。 6. He is reliable and we can trust him to finish the task well. 他很可靠，我们可以相信他能把任务做好。 7. Our team is united and we always help each other. 我们的团队很团结，我们总是互相帮助。 8. She is creative and often comes up with good ideas. 她很有创造力，经常想出好主意。 9. They are optimistic even when they face difficulties. 即使面对困难，他们也很乐观。 10. A good team member should be cooperative and helpful. 一个好的团队成员应该乐于合作且乐于助人。 （4）描述目标/策略的句式 1. Our common goal is to win the competition. 我们的共同目标是赢得比赛。 2. We make a plan to finish the project on time. 我们制定计划，按时完成项目。 3. The strategy of our team is to cooperate closely and communicate effectively. 我们团队的策略是紧密合作，有效沟通。 4. We need to set clear goals and work hard to achieve them. 我们需要设定明确的目标，并努力实现它们。 5. The key strategy to a successful team is reasonable division of labor. 成功团队的关键策略是合理分工。 6. We should learn from our mistakes and improve our team work. 我们应该从错误中学习，改进我们的团队合作。 7. To achieve our goal, we need to work together and never give up. 为了实现我们的目标，我们需要一起努力，永不放弃。 8. We adjust our strategy according to the actual situation. 我们根据实际情况调整策略。 9. A clear goal can make the team more united. 明确的目标能让团队更团结。 10. We should listen to others’ suggestions and improve our methods. 我们应该听取他人的建议，改进我们的方法。 巩｜固｜练｜习 根据提示翻译句子 1. 构成优秀团队的关键是团结和团队合作。（What makes...; unity; teamwork） 2. 我们团队的每个成员都互相帮助，共同克服困难。（each member; help each other; overcome difficulties） 3. 他们根据自己的优势合理分工，按时完成了任务。（divide the work; according to; strength; finish the task） 4. 一个负责任的团队成员应该认真对待自己的工作，不推诿责任。（responsible; take...seriously; avoid; pass the buck） 5. 为了实现我们的共同目标，我们需要积极沟通，分享我们的想法。（achieve; common goal; communicate actively; share） 答案与解析： 1. What makes a great team is unity and teamwork. 解析：本句考查核心句式“What makes...is...”，表示“构成……的是……”；“团结”译为unity，“团队合作”译为teamwork，均为主题核心词汇，注意句子首字母大写，主谓一致（What引导的主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数is）。 2. Each member in our team helps each other and overcomes difficulties together. 解析：“每个成员”译为each member，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式helps；“互相帮助”是help each other，“克服困难”是overcome difficulties，“共同”译为together；and连接两个并列谓语（helps和overcomes），保持形式一致，符合八年级语法要求。 3. They divided the work reasonably according to their strengths and finished the task on time. 解析：“合理分工”译为divide the work reasonably；“根据”是according to，“优势”译为strengths（复数形式，表示“各自的优势”）；“按时完成任务”是finish the task on time；句子描述过去发生的事情，谓语动词用过去式（divided和finished），符合一般过去时的用法。 4. A responsible team member should take his work seriously and avoid passing the buck. 解析：“负责任的”译为responsible，修饰名词team member；“认真对待……”是take...seriously，为固定搭配；“避免”译为avoid，后接动名词形式passing；“推诿责任”译为pass the buck（固定短语，贴合主题场景）；should后接动词原形，and连接两个并列的动词短语（take his work seriously和avoid passing the buck）。 5. To achieve our common goal, we need to communicate actively and share our ideas. 解析：“为了实现”译为To achieve（动词不定式作目的状语）；“共同目标”译为common goal；“积极沟通”是communicate actively，“分享我们的想法”是share our ideas；need to后接动词原形，and连接两个并列的动词短语（communicate actively和share our ideas），句式简洁，贴合八年级学生的表达水平。 3.优化策略 结合本单元主题的阅读特点（多场景、重细节、强逻辑），针对八年级学生的阅读水平，推荐4种核心阅读策略，每种策略结合主题语篇特点分析，给出具体运用方法，便于学生在阅读中灵活运用，提高阅读效率和理解能力。 ①略读策略（Skimming）——快速把握语篇主旨 核心目的：快速浏览语篇，抓住“优秀团队的构成”这一核心主旨，了解语篇的整体框架（如是否介绍团队案例、是否分点说明优秀团队的特质/策略等），无需纠结生词和细节，节省阅读时间。 结合主题的运用方法：阅读本主题语篇时，重点浏览标题、首段、末段以及每段的首句和尾句。因为本主题语篇多以“总-分”“总-分-总”结构展开，首段通常引出“优秀团队”的话题，末段总结优秀团队的核心特质，每段首句多为该段的中心句（如介绍团队合作的策略、成员的特质等）。例如，阅读一篇关于校园小组合作的短文时，通过略读首段（引出“小组合作让任务更易完成”）、每段首句（如“明确目标很重要”“合理分工是关键”）和末段（总结“团结协作造就优秀小组”），可快速把握语篇主旨是“优秀小组的构成要素”注意事项：略读时，遇到不认识的词汇（如collaboration、solidarity），可暂时跳过，重点关注与“team、cooperate、help each other”等核心词汇相关的内容，确保快速抓住主旨。 ②查读策略（Scanning）——快速定位关键细节 核心目的：在明确语篇主旨后，根据题干要求（如“优秀团队的策略有哪些”“文中团队的成员做了什么”），快速定位语篇中的关键细节，找到解题或答题的依据，提高阅读的针对性。 结合主题的运用方法：本主题语篇的关键细节多为“优秀团队的特质、合作策略、成员行为、具体案例”等，阅读时可重点关注与这些内容相关的关键词（如strategy、divide、cooperate、help、goal等），快速定位对应段落和句子。例如，题干询问“文中提到的优秀团队有哪些策略”，可快速扫描语篇，找到含有“strategy”“method”“way”等词汇的句子，进而找到“明确目标、合理分工、有效沟通、承担责任”等具体策略；若题干询问“文中的篮球团队是如何合作的”，可扫描含有“basketball team”“play together”“help each other”等词汇的细节，找到对应的描述。 注意事项：查读时，无需逐句阅读，重点锁定题干中的关键词和语篇中的核心词汇，快速匹配细节，避免浪费时间在无关内容上。 ③语境猜词策略（Contextual Guessing）——突破生词障碍 核心目的：阅读本主题语篇时，难免遇到生词（如contribute、devote、solidarity等），结合上下文语境（如句子逻辑、转折关系、举例说明等），猜测生词的含义，无需频繁查阅词典，培养自主阅读能力。 结合主题的运用方法：本主题语篇多通过举例、因果、转折等逻辑关系呈现内容，可借助这些逻辑猜测生词含义。① 举例猜词：若生词后有“for example、such as”等引导的例子，可通过例子猜测词义。例如，“He contributes a lot to the team, such as helping others practice and organizing team meetings.” 结合例子“帮助他人练习、组织团队会议”，可猜测“contributes”意为“贡献”。② 因果猜词：通过“because、so、therefore”等因果连词，结合前后句含义猜测生词。例如，“We need to cooperate because teamwork can help us finish the task easily.” 结合后半句“团队合作能帮助我们轻松完成任务”，可猜测“cooperate”意为“合作”。③ 同义/反义猜词：若生词前后有同义或反义词汇，可借助这些词汇猜测。例如，“Our team is united; everyone works together and helps each other.” 结合“works together and helps each other”，可猜测“united”意为“团结的”。 注意事项：猜测生词时，重点结合本主题的核心词汇（如team、cooperation、help等），确保猜测的词义符合语篇语境，避免脱离主题猜测。 ④归纳总结策略（Summarizing）——深化语篇理解 核心目的：阅读完语篇后，对语篇内容进行归纳总结，梳理优秀团队的核心要素、合作策略等，将分散的细节整合起来，深化对“ What makes a great team ”这一主题的理解，同时培养逻辑归纳能力。 结合主题的运用方法：阅读完本主题语篇后，可按照“主旨+细节”的思路进行总结。① 先总结语篇主旨（如“本文通过校园小组合作的案例，介绍了优秀团队的构成要素”）；② 再归纳核心细节（如优秀团队的特质：团结、负责任、乐于合作；合作策略：明确目标、合理分工、有效沟通等）；③ 最后结合自身，简要表达对“优秀团队”的理解（如“我认为，优秀的团队需要每个人互相支持、共同努力”）。例如，阅读一篇关于体育团队的短文后，可总结为：“本文介绍了一支优秀足球团队的故事，他们通过明确目标、合理分工、互相鼓励，赢得了比赛。这说明，团结协作和团队精神是优秀团队的核心，每个成员都发挥自身优势，才能实现共同的目标。” 注意事项：总结时，语言要简洁明了，重点突出本主题的核心内容，避免遗漏关键细节，同时结合八年级学生的语言水平，不用过于复杂的句式和词汇。 ◇Part 03 阅读强化训练 提｜升｜练｜习 1 Cooperation (合作) is very important, possibly because good teamwork spirit (团队精神) is of great importance to successful groups. Doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage (鼓励) students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born. As students, you can do something to improve your teamwork spirit: ▲ Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲ Work together Let everyone work together and decide the team goal. It’s a good idea to celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲ Build trust (信任) It’s okay to do something wrong, but saying sorry bravely can make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Much of the work in today’s world requires (需要) teamwork. Team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱队) and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation. Don’t wait. Act now. 1．What does “It” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．Communicating with others. B．Preparing for future jobs. C．Helping others in the team. D．Doing team sports. 2．According to the passage, which activity can help students learn about cooperation? A．Studying at home. B．Playing video games. C．Walking with parents. D．Singing in a chorus. 3．Who is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. 2 This term, Jason goes to a new school. He is so happy to join the school’s hockey team. But he’s had enough these days! He plays together with another boy named Chet as forwards (前锋). That boy never passes the ball to other teammates during a game and always shows off after scoring goals. The team is soon faced with their first match. When they play against another team from Westmorland High School, they just lose so quickly! Jason feels awful. But when he notices Chet crying in a corner, his anger is replaced by feeling sorry for the boy. Quietly, he walks to Chet. “One failure doesn’t mean everything. After all, we’ve all tried our best!” Seated face to face, Jason now speaks out the words that have been on his mind for a long time,“ ★ . ” Chet nods. After that, they practise hard together every day. Months later, they meet Westmorland again. When the game starts, Jason exchanges an encouraging nod with Chet. This time, they play as if they were one person! Just a few seconds before the game is over, Chet gets the ball. Seeing Jason in the best position to score, he passes it at once without thinking. Then Jason scores the game­winning goal! As the teammates excitedly jump up and give each other a high five, Chet hugs Jason, “Well done, mate!” “It was WE who won together!” Jason smiles. 4．Which team is Jason in? A． B． C． D． 5．What does Jason do when he sees Chet crying? A．He shouts at Chet angrily. B．He walks away without saying a word. C．He goes to Chet and comforts him. D．He asks other teammates to cheer Chet up. 6． Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．We can make it only if we practise harder B．But I think things might be different if we play as a team C．I’m sure that we’ll win next time D．Failure is the mother of success 7．What can we learn from the passage? A．Chet cries because he doesn’t do his best during the game. B．All the teammates are happy because of Chet’s progress in hockey. C．Chet might have a new understanding after the talk with Jason. D．Chet passes the ball to Jason because he thinks Jason plays better than him. 3 Cooperation has got attention in many schools, possibly because good teamwork spirit is of great importance to successful groups. It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation. In the team environment, members need to communicate with each other, which can prepare students for both schoolwork and future jobs. It can also encourage students to follow team rules. Students are more likely to help each other as well. Teamwork spirit is not born but built. Here are things you can do to improve teamwork spirit: ▲Communicate well with each other When you’re meeting together, let everyone speak and listen to each other carefully. Ask them questions to get them to talk so that everyone can communicate well with each other. ▲Work together on projects Let everyone help make decisions about the project. Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps. Celebrate every win as a win for the whole team. ▲Build trust and respect It’s okay to do something wrong, but bravely say sorry to make the situation better. This helps build trust in your team. Respect others’ work and encourage everyone to do better. Much of the work in today’s world is completed in teams. For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱团) and joining in unpaid community (社区) service are the ways to learn about cooperation. 8．According to the passage, what’s the best way to teach cooperation? A． B． C． D． 9．It’s helpful to improve team spirit by ________. A．letting everyone speak and listen to each other carelessly B．dividing the project into steps C．making decisions about the project alone D．listening to others’ opinions all the time 10．What does the underlined word “unpaid” mean? A．Interesting. B．Boring. C．Meaningful. D．Free. 11．Whom is this passage mainly written for? A．Students. B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Workers. 4 Being a team player is a necessary part of life. Whether it is just within your family, on a sports team or at work, there are few jobs we can do all by ourselves. It goes with a saying that teamwork plays an important role in our team’s development. In my opinion, a team means everyone achieves more together. No one can be the best at everything. When all of us combine our talents, we can be the best. Well, in fact, good team players share the following qualities. They are happy and optimistic. They celebrate the success and learn from the failure. They are helpful and generous (慷慨的). They are easy going and try to help other teammates. What’s more, good team players prefer to cooperate rather than compete with their teammates. To make the team work best, it is important to make good use of the team members’ strengths. And then we can find the roles that fit them well. Things like this can be found almost everywhere. For example, in a soccer team, every player has his role. A team works best because every member of the team has his role. To achieve the best balance, there should be a balance of different roles: an expert to solve many problems, a leader to make decisions, a thinker to offer ideas and ways, a doer to finish tasks and get things done. There’s a saying that goes, “No one is perfect but a team can be.” 12．What does the underlined word combine mean? A．Get together. B．Learn from. C．Find out. D．Show up. 13．Who might the speaker think is a good team player? A．A person who has many hobbies. B．A person who always helps others. C．A person who likes asking questions. D．A person who likes competing with others. 14．How does the speaker explain the importance of teamwork in Paragraph 3? A．By telling a story. B．By comparing facts. C．By asking a question. D．By giving an example. 15．Which idea will the speaker agree with? A．No team can be perfect. B．Someone can be perfect. C．Each team member is important. D．An expert can solve all problems. 5 The most basic and powerful way to connect (沟通) with another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our full attention (注意力). When people are talking, just listen to what they’re saying. Care about it. Most of the time caring about it is even more important than understanding it. It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of saying and meaning “I’m so sorry” when someone is sad. One of my friends told me that when she tried to tell her story, people often broke in to tell her that something similar happened to them even when she didn’t finish her words. For some reason, her sadness became a story about them. In the end, she stopped talking to most people. We connect through listening. When we break into what someone is saying to let them know that we understand, we move the focus of attention to ourselves. When we listen, they know we care. This easy thing isn’t that easy to learn. When I was young, I thought people listened only because they were too shy to speak or did not know the answer. A loving silence (沉默) often has more power to comfort and to connect than the kindest words. 16．In the writer’s eyes, the most important thing we can give people is ________. A．plenty of money B．lots of freedom C．full attention D．a smile 17．We should ________ when our friends are sad. A．share our sad stories with them B．listen to their stories and say “I’m so sorry” C．let them enjoy the silence and not talk about it D．tell them something interesting to make them happy 18．The underlined phrase “broke in” probably means ________ in the passage. A．打断 B．拒绝 C．畏惧 D．同意 19．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Being a good listener makes you a good talker. B．Listening to people isn’t something easy to learn. C．Most listeners are too shy to show themselves. D．Sometimes a loving silence does a better job than beautiful words. 6 Have you met someone who kept talking and talking, and you couldn’t get them to stop? You don’t want to be impolite by telling them to shut up, but you really want to get out of the conversation. Here are some ways to help you. Use body language. While it may feel impolite, you could turn away, leave your headphones on, and avoid looking at his or her eyes, which will show that you don’t want to talk. This may save you from directly telling someone to stop talking later on. Keep working on whatever activity you are doing. Get up and move around. Be active and find little things to do instead of listening. Interrupt them as soon as you can. Saying things like “I’d like to add something” or “If I could interrupt you for just a minute” will often let someone know that they are talking too much. Lead the conversation. This is especially helpful when dealing with someone you often talk to. Let them know that you heard what they said and guide the conversation in a different direction. Mention that you don’t have a lot of time to talk. Expressions like “I would love to chat but I have to go to a movie right now” and “Today’s not a great day to talk. I have a lot of tasks” will make you easily end the conversation. Sometimes ending a conversation may not be so easy. Remember it is a skill to back out of a conversation without saying “You are boring. Shut up.” 20．What does the underlined word “Interrupt” mean? A．Refuse. B．Leave. C．Break. D．Accept. 21．Which of the following is the best way to make someone stop talking? A．Getting up and finding something else to do. B．Saying someone is boring directly. C．Looking at him or her and listening carefully. D．Leaving your headphones off and keep smiling. 22．What can we know according to the text? A．We can end a conversation easily. B．To end a conversation politely, we need to get some skills. C．Don’t stop talking until someone ends it. D．It’s impolite to guide a conversation in a different direction. 23．What’s the best title for the text? A．How to Lead a Conversation. B．Polite Ways to Start a Conversation. C．Body Language Helps Express Well. D．How to End a Conversation Politely. 7 When we talk about communication, we usually think of communicating with others. But sometimes, we also talk to ourselves. Imagine this: Your mom asks you what you want for breakfast. Then you think of many kinds of food: pancakes, bread, porridge…You think it would be nice to have pancakes. Before you tell your mom what you want, you are talking to yourself. We call this talking to ourselves “intrapersonal communication (自我沟通)”. This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering things. Intrapersonal communication is very important in our life. Good intrapersonal communication can help you know yourself better. When you are happy with who you are and know what you want, you can get on well with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you watch your thoughts and feelings. When you find you have a lot of bad thoughts and feelings that make you sad, you can try to cheer up and get rid of (摆脱) them. Moreover, intrapersonal communication helps you communicate with others. If you understand your thoughts and feelings better, you can think about others’ feelings when you talk to them. Then you can understand and get on well with them. 24．What does “intrapersonal communication” mean according to the passage? A．Communicating with others. B．Talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking,… C．Only talking to ourselves. D．Communicating with parents. 25．Why is intrapersonal communication important? A．Because it can help us make more friends. B．Because it can help us know others better. C．Because it can help us know ourselves better. D．Because it can help us make more money. 26．If we have a lot of bad thoughts and feelings, what can we do? A．Keep them in our hearts. B．Try to cheer up and get rid of them. C．Tell them to others and make them sad. D．Do nothing about them. 27．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= paragraph 1 ②= paragraph 2...) A．①/②/③④ B．①②/③/④ C．①/②③/④ D．①②/③④ 28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Intrapersonal communication has nothing to do with talking with others. B．Intrapersonal communication can’t help us understand others’ feelings. C．We don’t need to talk to ourselves in our life. D．Intrapersonal communication can help us get on well with others. 8 In modern society, people have a wide range of ways to communicate with one another. Telephone calls remain a common method. When you’re in a rush and need a quick response, making a phone call is a great choice. You can talk directly to the person on the other side. Video calls have grown more and more popular. They let you see the other person’s facial expressions and body language during the conversation. This makes them perfect for long-distance communication with family and friends. Body language is also an important form of communication. A smile can convey friendliness, while a frown might suggest dissatisfaction (不满). We use body language even when we’re on the phone or in a video call. Email is suitable for sending detailed information, such as work reports or long messages. It’s formal and can be saved for future use. Text messages are convenient for sending short information. You can send them at any time, and the recipient can read them at their convenience. Face-to-face communication is the most traditional and the most powerful. It gives you the opportunity to have in-depth conversations, sense the other person’s emotions, and build stronger relationships. Each communication method has its own benefits, and we can pick the most appropriate one according to different situations. 29．Which method is common if you need a direct reply quickly? A．Sending emails. B．Making telephone calls. C．Using body language. D．Sending text messages. 30．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Facial expressions. B．Body language. C．Video calls. D．Conversations. 31．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．People only use body language when making phone calls. B．Video calls can help people send detailed information. C．People can send emails and text messages at any time. D．Face-to-face communication is the most powerful way to build stronger relationships. 32．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “convenient”? A．Hard. B．Easy. C．Useful. D．Fresh. 33．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To describe the history of communication. B．To explain the importance of communication. C．To tell about different ways of communication. D．To help us choose communication methods. 9 Book SigningThe Fine Art of Small Talk By Debra FineWhen: 7:00 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on 19th March, 2026 Where: At the Public Library Does the thought of starting a conversation with a stranger make you nervous? Do you sit worriedly through job interviews (面试) waiting for the other person to speak? Do you want to become better at making small talk with new people? If your answer is “yes”, then this is the right book for you. In the book, the communication expert Debra Fine will show you how to: ◆make a good impression (印象) from the minute you say hello. ◆feel more comfortable in any kind of social situation. ◆avoid (避免) those uncomfortable and awkward silences (冷场) in a conversation. Come and meet Debra Fine in person. Buy a book and get it signed. Maybe you will be an expert at communicating. 34．What problem does the book help solve? A．How to draw beautiful pictures. B．How to make friends with animals. C．How to become a communication expert. D．How to feel less nervous during small talk. 35．What can we know about the book signing? A．It will be held on 9th March. B．Debra Fine wrote this book. C．Everyone will get a free gift. D．It will take place in a bookstore. 36．Who might be most interested in the book? A．Those who are good at giving speeches. B．Those who enjoy going to parties. C．Those who are afraid to talk with others. D．Those who are looking for new jobs. 10 Almost everyone has experienced the uncomfortable feeling of being misunderstood. A girl, for example, sends a short message to her friend because she is busy, but the friend thinks she is angry. Or a mother asks her son to study harder out of care, yet the son believes she doesn’t trust him. A teacher may simply ask a student to hand in homework, but the student thinks that the teacher dislikes him. Misunderstandings like these can cause serious results. They may hurt friendships, create arguments in families, or make people not believe each other. When someone feels people are wrong about them, they may become sad, angry, or even stop expressing their true thoughts. In class, a student who is often misunderstood may stop asking questions or taking part in group work. What makes things worse is that misunderstandings often grow quietly, and people may not realize the problem until it becomes difficult to fix. One reason for misunderstandings is that people see the same situation differently. Our past experiences, feelings and worries all change how we hear words. Another reason is that we often make quick guesses without checking the facts. We think we already know what the other person means, so we stop listening. Sometimes, people keep their feelings inside because they are afraid of being laughed at. As a result, small problems turn into bigger ones. Facing these facts can be uncomfortable, but it is important if we want to build stronger relationships. Recognizing misunderstandings is the first step to change. When we slow down, listen carefully, and ask questions, we can better understand what others truly mean. Simple sentences like “Did you mean…” or “I feel this way when you say that” can open the door to real communication. Research shows that empathy can help stop many misunderstandings. This feeling for others helps us notice when people are sad or worried and makes us try to understand their feelings. These ways of listening, asking and caring help us think before reacting and give others a chance to explain themselves. The key to solving misunderstandings lies in kindness to ourselves and others. Everyone makes mistakes in communication. By creating an environment where people feel safe to speak, we can break down walls. When we understand that misunderstandings are a common part of life, it becomes easier to talk openly, fix relationships, and grow together. 37．Why does the writer use the examples in Paragraph 1? A．To stress that misunderstandings can cause problems. B．To answer why people send short messages to others. C．To compare different ways to communicate with others. D．To show that misunderstandings often happen in daily life. 38．What does the word “empathy” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? A．A way to start conversations. B．A study on misunderstandings. C．A feeling of understanding how others feel. D．A habit of asking questions when communicating. 39．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Staying quiet is the way to stop arguments. B．Guessing quickly helps solve misunderstandings. C．Open communication helps stop many misunderstandings. D．Misunderstandings happen because people lie to each other. 40．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage? A．To stop people to make communication mistakes. B．To advise readers how to express themselves clearly. C．To explain why misunderstandings are often difficult to fix. D．To tell people how to fix misunderstandings and communicate well. 11 “How was your weekend?” “Did you see the game on TV last night?” “Isn’t the weather beautiful today?” These questions and the answers to them are examples of “small talk”. Some people don’t want to make small talk at work. They think they shouldn’t talk about things that have nothing to do with their job, or their partners will think they aren’t serious about their work. But small talk is important. It can help you a lot. It shows you’re friendly and care about your partners. You can become a better team member. Here is some advice for successful small talk. You can talk about the weather, news, hobbies, TV programs and famous people like movie stars, singers, etc. You can also share something about your family, such as birthday parties and other family events, but don’t share very personal information like family problems. Remember not to talk about money, age and so on. Listening is an important part of small talk. Listen carefully to others and ask questions. Don’t just talk about yourself. And remember to smile. Making small talk takes practice. The more you do it, the better you’ll be at making small talk! 41．The writer starts the passage with some examples to ________. A．give his opinion B．answer the topic C．introduce the topic D．answer some questions 42．We can know ________ from Paragraph 3. A．the importance of small talk B．the friendly ways of small talk C．how to make small talk D．the reasons to be polite 43．According to the passage, which of the following is OK for small talk? A．“How old are you?” B．“Who’s your favourite actor?” C．“Why did your parents fight yesterday?” D．“How much money do you make each month?” 12 ①When you’re trying to make friends, you’ll probably meet someone who just doesn’t like you, though you’ve never done anything to him or her. Well, what should you do? Here’s some advice. ②Gossip (流言蜚语) can make meeting new people difficult, especially when people hear something bad about you. It can prevent someone from getting to know you at all. When you’re in a situation like this, it feels bad. Instead of trying to win them over (说服), however, just be yourself. As time goes by, they will see that the gossip about you is wrong. Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people. ③You’d think that your friend’s friends would also become your friends. But it doesn’t work that way. Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more. If someone chooses not to be friends with you just because you’re new to the group, it’s fine. There’s nothing wrong with you or them. ④An even more difficult situation is when someone has met you and just doesn’t like you. Every joke you make is taken the wrong way. Every time you try to do something nice, they find fault (找茬儿). As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone. There are just some people you won’t like. ⑤In a word, if someone doesn’t want to be your friend, that’s okay. Don’t get angry with them because it’s their choice (选择). Instead, give your time and attention to the people who are interested in being with you. 44．What should you do if people choose to believe the gossip about you? A．Try to win them over. B．Let them know the truth. C．Forget about it and move on. D．Find out where the gossip comes from. 45．Why don’t people want to make new friends sometimes? A．Because they are afraid of making new friends. B．Because they are satisfied with the friends they have now. C．Because they think it’s a waste of time making new friends. D．Because they worry that a new friend will influence (影响) their old friendship. 46．What does the underlined sentence “Don’t take it personally” in paragraph 4 mean? A．You shouldn’t share it with others. B．You shouldn’t stop it by yourself. C．You shouldn’t take it to heart. D．You shouldn’t accept it in person. 47．Which is the best way to divide (分割) the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③④/⑤ 48．What does the passage mainly want to tell us? A．How to make new friends. B．How to have a talk with others. C．How to be popular among friends. D．What to do when you’re not liked by others. 参考答案 1 1．D 2．D 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作为学生如何提高团队精神的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据“Doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation.”可知，本段在介绍参加团队运动。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Team sports, singing in a chorus and joining in unpaid community service are the ways to learn about cooperation.” 团队运动、合唱团和参加无偿社区服务是学生们了解合作的方式。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Teamwork spirit is not born. As students, you can do something to improve your teamwork spirit”和全文大意可知，本文介绍了作为学生如何提高团队精神的方法。故选A。 2 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 【解析】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了Jason和队友Chet从配合不畅到通过沟通与练习，最终在比赛中默契配合、共同获胜的故事，体现了团队合作的重要性。 4． 细节理解题。根据短文开头“This term, Jason goes to a new school. He is so happy to join the school’s hockey team.”可知，Jason加入了学校的曲棍球队，图D的人物动作是打曲棍球。故选D。 5． 细节理解题。根据短文第四段“Jason feels awful. But when he notices Chet crying in a corner, his anger is replaced by feeling sorry for the boy.”和第五段“Quietly, he walks to Chet. ‘One failure doesn’t mean everything. After all, we’ve all tried our best!’”可知，Jason看到Chet哭后，走过去安慰了他。故选C。   6．推理判断题。根据上下文语境，Jason和Chet此前配合不佳导致失利，Jason此时是在和Chet沟通团队合作的重要性。选项B“但我觉得如果我们作为一个团队去战斗，情况可能会不一样”最符合这个语境。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据短文内容，Chet之前比赛从不传球、爱炫耀，在和Jason谈话后，他开始一起刻苦训练，并且在后来的比赛中主动把球传给了处于最佳位置的Jason，这说明他在谈话后对团队合作有了新的理解。故选C。 3 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A 【解析】本文围绕学生如何提高团队精神，学习合作展开。 8．细节理解题。根据“It is believed that doing team sports is the best way to teach cooperation.”可知，做团队运动是教授合作的最佳方式。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据“Work together on projects”部分“Let everyone help make decisions about the project. Decide the team goal and divide the project into steps. Celebrate every win as a win for the whole team.”可知，通过将项目分成步骤有助于提高团队精神。故选B。 10．词句猜测题。根据“For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱团) and joining in unpaid community (社区) service are the ways to learn about cooperation.”中“unpaid”修饰“community service”，结合语境可知这里说的是社区服务通常是无偿的，所以“unpaid”意思是“Free（免费的，无偿的）”。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据“For students, team sports, singing in a chorus (合唱团) and joining in unpaid community (社区) service are the ways to learn about cooperation.”以及全文围绕学生如何提高团队精神，学习合作展开，可知这篇文章主要是写给学生的。故选A。 4 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．C 【解析】本文是议论文，主要阐述了团队合作的重要性，以及优秀团队成员应具备的特质和团队角色的平衡。 12．词义猜测题。根据第一段“When all of us combine our talents, we can be the best.”可知，当我们把才能汇集在一起时，就能做到最好，“combine” 在此处意为 “汇集、聚集”，与“Get together”意思相近。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段“They are helpful and generous. They are easy going and try to help other teammates.”可知，乐于助人是优秀团队成员的特质之一。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据“For example, in a soccer team, every player has his role.”可知，第三段中作者举了足球队的例子来解释团队合作的重要性，所以是通过举例的方式。故选D。 15．推理判断题。根据第三段“A team works best because every member of the team has his role.” 以及最后一句“No one is perfect but a team can be.”，可以推断作者认为每个团队成员都很重要，团队的完美来自于成员的各司其职。故选C。 5 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．D 【解析】本文通过讲道理和举例子来告诉读者倾听的重要性。 16．细节理解题。根据“Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our full attention (注意力).”可知，作者认为我们能给予他人最重要的东西是全部的关注。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“It has taken me a long time to believe in the power of saying and meaning ‘I’m so sorry’ when someone is sad.”可知，当我们的朋友伤心时，我们应该倾听他们的故事，并说“我很抱歉”。故选B。 18．词句猜测题。根据“One of my friends told me that when she tried to tell her story, people often broke in to tell her that something similar happened to them even when she didn’t finish her words.”可知，当朋友在讲她的故事时，人们通常会打断朋友的倾诉，来讲述发生在他们身上的类似故事，因此划线单词的意思为“打断”。故选A。 19．主旨大意题。根据“A loving silence (沉默) often has more power to comfort and to connect than the kindest words.”可知， 充满爱意的沉默往往比最温柔的话语更能起到抚慰和沟通的作用。故选D。 6 20．C 21．A 22．B 23．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何礼貌地结束与他人的对话，提供了多种实用的方法和建议，帮助读者在不显得无礼的情况下摆脱冗长的交谈。 20．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Interrupt them as soon as you can. Saying things like ‘I’d like to add something’ or ‘If I could interrupt you for just a minute’ will often let someone know that they are talking too much.”可知，这里提到要尽快打断对方，让对方知道自己说得太多了。由此可推断出“Interrupt”意为“打断”，与“Break”意思相近。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Keep working on whatever activity you are doing. Get up and move around. Be active and find little things to do instead of listening.”可知，站起来找点别的事情做是让对方停止说话的一种方法。故选A。 22．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sometimes ending a conversation may not be so easy. Remember it is a skill to back out of a conversation without saying ‘You are boring. Shut up.’”可知，礼貌地结束对话需要一些技巧。故选B。 23．最佳标题题。根据文章第一段“You don’t want to be impolite by telling them to shut up, but you really want to get out of the conversation. Here are some ways to help you.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了如何礼貌地结束对话。故选D。 7 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自我沟通的定义，说明其包含的内容，阐述了它对了解自我、调节情绪及促进人际沟通的重要作用。 24．细节理解题。根据“We call this talking to ourselves “intrapersonal communication (自我沟通)”. This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering things.”可知，自我沟通指的是与自己对话、阅读、写作、思考等，故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据“Intrapersonal communication is very important in our life. Good intrapersonal communication can help you know yourself better.”可知，自我沟通重要是因为它能帮助我们更好地了解自己，故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“When you find you have a lot of bad thoughts and feelings that make you sad, you can try to cheer up and get rid of (摆脱) them.”可知，有很多糟糕的想法和情绪时，我们可以尝试振作起来并摆脱它们，故选B。 27．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第①段通过例子引出“自我沟通”的话题；第②段定义“自我沟通”；第③④段分别阐述其重要性，③段讲对自身的作用，④段讲对与他人沟通的作用。所以结构为①/②/③④，故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据“Moreover, intrapersonal communication helps you communicate with others…Then you can understand and get on well with them.”可知，自我沟通能帮助我们与他人友好相处，选项D表述正确，故选D。 8 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．B 33．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了现代社会中多种沟通方式及其适用场景，包括电话、视频通话、肢体语言、邮件、短信和面对面交流等。 29．细节理解题。根据“When you’re in a rush and need a quick response, making a phone call is a great choice.”可知，电话能快速获得直接回复。故选B。 30．词句猜测题。根据“Video calls… let you see the other person’s facial expressions… This makes them perfect for long-distance communication.”可知，视频通话可以看到对方的表情，这使它们非常适合远距离沟通，“them”指代前文提到的“video calls”。故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据“Face-to-face communication is the most traditional and the most powerful. It… build stronger relationships.”可知，面对面交流是最传统且最强大的方式，它能建立更牢固的关系。故选D。 32．词句猜测题。根据“Text messages are convenient… You can send them at any time.”可知，可随时发送短信，应是很方便，“convenient”意为“方便的”，与“easy”语义相近。故选B。 33．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文列举了电话、视频通话、肢体语言等多种沟通方式及其特点，目的是介绍不同的沟通方式。故选C。 9 34．D 35．B 36．C 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了Debra Fine所著的《闲聊的艺术》一书的签售会信息，包括时间、地点以及书籍内容。书籍旨在帮助读者解决在与陌生人交谈时感到紧张的问题，并提供了如何进行良好沟通的建议。 34．细节理解题。根据文章“Does the thought of starting a conversation with a stranger make you nervous? … If your answer is ‘yes’, then this is the right book for you.”可知，这本书旨在帮助读者解决在与陌生人交谈时感到紧张的问题。选项D“如何在闲聊时减少紧张感”符合题意。选项A“如何画美丽的画”、选项B“如何与动物交朋友”和选项C“如何成为沟通专家”均与文章内容不符。故选D。 35．细节理解题。根据文章“By Debra Fine”可知，这本书是由Debra Fine所写，选项B正确。根据文章“When: 7:00 p. m.~8:30 p. m. on 19th March, 2026”可知，签售会将于2026年3月19日举行，选项A错误。文章未提及每个人会得到免费礼物，选项C错误。根据文章“Where: At the Public Library”可知，签售会将在公共图书馆举行，选项D错误。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据文章“Does the thought of starting a conversation with a stranger make you nervous? … If your answer is ‘yes’, then this is the right book for you.”可知，那些害怕与他人交谈的人会对这本书最感兴趣。选项C“那些害怕与他人交谈的人”符合题意。选项A“那些擅长演讲的人”、选项B“那些喜欢参加聚会的人”和选项D“那些正在寻找新工作的人”均与文章内容不符。故选C。 10 37．D 38．C 39．C 40．D 【解析】本文介绍了误解在日常生活中的常见性、危害与成因，并给出了识别和解决误解的方法。 37．细节理解题。根据“Almost everyone has experienced the uncomfortable feeling of being misunderstood. A girl, for example, sends a short message to her friend because she is busy, but the friend thinks she is angry. Or a mother asks her son to study harder out of care, yet the son believes she doesn’t trust him.”可知，作者列举女孩发消息、母亲督促学习等例子，是为了说明误解在日常生活中经常发生。故选D。 38．词句猜测题。根据“Research shows that empathy can help stop many misunderstandings. This feeling for others helps us notice when people are sad or worried and makes us try to understand their feelings.”可知，“empathy”能帮助减少误解，能让我们注意到别人的悲伤或担忧，并试图理解他们的感受，因此是一种理解他人感受的能力。故选C。 39．推理判断题。根据“When we slow down, listen carefully, and ask questions, we can better understand what others truly mean.”和“By creating an environment where people feel safe to speak, we can break down walls.”可推知，作者认为开放的沟通有助于避免很多误解。故选C。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了误解在日常生活中的常见性、危害与成因，并给出了识别和解决误解的方法，最终目的是告诉人们如何解决误解并实现良好沟通。故选D。 11 41．C 42．A 43．B 【解析】本文主要介绍了闲聊的定义，反驳了部分人对工作中闲聊的偏见，说明其重要性并给出闲聊的方法与注意事项。 41．推理判断题。 根据“‘How was your weekend?’‘Did you see the game on TV last night?’‘Isn’t the weather beautiful today?’These questions and the answers to them are examples of ‘small talk’.”可知，作者开头用多个闲聊的问题和回答举例，目的是引出“small talk”这个主题。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据“But small talk is important. It can help you a lot. It shows you’re friendly and care about your partners. You can become a better team member.”可知，闲聊很重要，并阐述了闲聊能体现友好、帮助成为更好的团队成员等重要性。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据“...for successful small talk...talk about the weather, news, hobbies, TV programs and famous people like movie stars, singers, etc.”和“Remember not to talk about money, age and so on.”可知，闲聊可以聊天气、新闻、爱好、电视节目和名人，不要聊钱、年龄等等。选项B“你最喜欢的演员是谁？”属于名人相关话题，符合语境。故选B。 12 44．C 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了在交朋友过程中，当你遇到不被喜欢的情况时应该怎么做，给出了不同场景下的应对建议，包括面对关于自己的流言蜚语、朋友的朋友不想和自己交朋友、有人见过自己却不喜欢自己等情况，最后总结要尊重他人选择，把时间花在愿意和自己相处的人身上。 44．细节理解题。根据“Or they may choose to believe it. Don’t worry about it and move on by being friendly to the kind people.”可知，如果人们选择相信关于你的流言蜚语，不要担心，继续友好地对待善良的人，也就是忘掉它继续前行。故选C。 45．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes people are happy with the friendships they have, and they aren’t interested in adding any more.”可知，人们有时不想交新朋友是因为他们对自己现有的朋友感到满意。故选B。 46．词句猜测题。根据“As much as it hurts, accept that not everyone is going to be your friend. Don’t take it personally. These things could happen to everyone.”可知，尽管很受伤，但要接受不是每个人都会成为你的朋友这一事实，这些事可能发生在每个人身上，所以“Don’t take it personally”意思是不要把它放在心上。故选C。 47．篇章结构题。文章第①段引出问题，即当你试图交朋友时可能会遇到不喜欢你的人，以及提出下文要给出建议；第②③④段分别从面对关于自己的流言蜚语、朋友的朋友不想和自己交朋友、有人见过自己却不喜欢自己这三个不同场景给出应对建议；第⑤段总结全文，即如果有人不想和你做朋友，没关系，尊重他们的选择，把时间花在愿意和自己相处的人身上。所以文章结构为①/②③④/⑤。故选A。 48．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕当你不被别人喜欢时应该怎么做展开，给出了不同情况下的应对建议。故选D。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $