内容正文:
冀教英语八下Unit4单词讲解表
单词
核心搭配
重点考点
经典例句
mobile /ˈməʊbaɪl/ adj. 可移动的
mobile phone 手机;mobile device 移动设备
1. 高频搭配:“mobile phone”是日常核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“科技/通讯”话题
1. Almost everyone has a mobile phone now.(现在几乎人人都有手机。) 2. We can use mobile devices to study online.(我们可以用移动设备在线学习。)
entrance /ˈentrəns/ n. 入口;进入
entrance to... ……的入口;main entrance 主入口
1. 常考搭配:“entrance to”表“某地的入口”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“场所指引”话题
1. The entrance to the museum is on the left.(博物馆的入口在左边。) 2. Please wait for me at the main entrance.(请在主入口等我。)
likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的;似乎合适的 adv. 很可能
be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事
1. 常考句型:“be likely to do”是推测类高频表达; 2. 用法提示:作形容词时前常加“very”表“很可能”
1. It's likely to rain this afternoon.(今天下午很可能下雨。) 2. He is very likely to win the competition.(他很可能赢得比赛。)
record /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 记录;录制;记载 /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录;唱片
record a video 录制视频;break a record 打破记录
1. 一词多义:注意动词和名词的读音不同; 2. 常考短语:“break a record”是荣誉话题核心表达
1. She recorded a song for her mother.(她为妈妈录了一首歌。) 2. He broke the school record in the 100-meter race.(他打破了学校100米赛跑的记录。)
copyright /ˈkɒpiraɪt/ n. 版权;著作权
copyright law 版权法;protect copyright 保护版权
1. 场景关联:常用于“法律/创作”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“protect”搭配表“保护版权”
1. We should respect the author's copyright.(我们应该尊重作者的版权。) 2. The company follows strict copyright laws.(这家公司遵守严格的版权法。)
law /lɔː/ n. 法律;法规;法学
follow the law 遵守法律;traffic law 交通法规
1. 场景关联:常用于“规则/安全”话题; 2. 固定搭配:“follow the law”是法律相关核心短语
1. Everyone must follow the law in our country.(我国每个人都必须遵守法律。) 2. We learned about traffic laws in class.(我们在课上学了交通法规。)
download /ˌdaʊnˈləʊd/ v. 下载
download an app 下载应用;download music 下载音乐
1. 场景关联:常用于“科技/网络”话题; 2. 固定搭配:常和“app/music”等词搭配
1. You can download this app from the store.(你可以从应用商店下载这个应用。) 2. He downloaded some English songs to practice listening.(他下载了一些英文歌练习听力。)
public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公共的;公众的
public place 公共场所;public transport 公共交通
1. 场景关联:常用于“生活/社会”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常修饰“place/transport”等公共设施
1. We should keep quiet in public places.(我们在公共场所要保持安静。) 2. Public transport is cheap and convenient.(公共交通既便宜又方便。)
silence /ˈsaɪləns/ n. 沉默;寂静
in silence 沉默地;break the silence 打破沉默
1. 常考短语:“in silence”是情感/场景描述高频表达; 2. 搭配提示:“break the silence”表“开启对话”
1. They sat in silence after the argument.(争吵后他们沉默地坐着。) 2. She told a joke to break the silence.(她讲了个笑话打破沉默。)
golden /ˈɡəʊldən/ adj. 珍贵的;金的
golden chance 宝贵的机会;golden medal 金牌(同gold medal)
1. 词义拓展:“golden”可表“珍贵的”(抽象含义); 2. 场景关联:常用于“机会/荣誉”话题
1. Don't miss this golden chance to study abroad.(别错过这次出国学习的宝贵机会。) 2. She won a golden medal in the sports meeting.(她在运动会上赢得了金牌。)
considerate /kənˈsɪdərət/ adj. 为(他人)着想的;体贴的
be considerate of sb. 体贴某人
1. 常考搭配:“be considerate of”是人际话题核心短语; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“selfish(自私的)”
1. It's considerate of you to help the old man.(你帮助老人,真是体贴。) 2. We should be considerate of others' feelings.(我们要体谅他人的感受。)
footprint /ˈfʊtprɪnt/ n. 脚印;足迹
leave footprints 留下脚印;carbon footprint 碳足迹
1. 词义拓展:“carbon footprint”是环保话题高频词; 2. 场景关联:常用于“自然/环保”话题
1. We saw animal footprints in the snow.(我们在雪地里看到了动物的脚印。) 2. We should reduce our carbon footprint to protect the earth.(我们要减少碳足迹保护地球。)
promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 促进;提升;促销
promote friendship 促进友谊;promote a product 促销产品
1. 一词多义:可表“促进关系”“提升能力”“促销商品”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“人际/商业”话题
1. Sports can promote friendship between students.(运动能促进学生间的友谊。) 2. The store is promoting this new product.(商店正在促销这款新产品。)
common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 共同的;普通的
common interest 共同兴趣;common sense 常识
1. 常考短语:“common sense”是生活/学习高频词汇; 2. 搭配提示:“common”表“共同的”时后接复数名词
1. We have a common interest in reading.(我们有共同的阅读兴趣。) 2. It's common sense to wash hands before meals.(饭前洗手是常识。)
society /səˈsaɪəti/ n. 社会;社团
modern society 现代社会;school society 校园社团
1. 场景关联:常用于“社会/校园”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“modern”搭配表“现代社会”
1. We should follow the rules of society.(我们要遵守社会规则。) 2. She joined the music society at school.(她加入了学校的音乐社团。)
rule /ruːl/ n. 规则;规章;统治
follow the rules 遵守规则;class rules 班规
1. 固定搭配:“follow the rules”是规则类核心短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“校园/生活”话题
1. Everyone must follow the rules in the library.(图书馆里每个人都必须遵守规则。) 2. Our class has strict but fair rules.(我们班的班规严格但公平。)
citizen /ˈsɪtɪzn/ n. 公民;市民
good citizen 好公民;citizen of... ……的公民
1. 场景关联:常用于“社会/国家”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“citizen of”表“某国的公民”
1. We should be good citizens who obey the law.(我们要做守法的好公民。) 2. He is a citizen of Canada.(他是加拿大公民。)
regulate /ˈreɡjuleɪt/ v. 约束;调节;控制
regulate traffic 管制交通;regulate temperature 调节温度
1. 场景关联:常用于“交通/生活”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“traffic/temperature”等词搭配
1. The police are regulating traffic at the crossing.(警察正在路口管制交通。) 2. The air conditioner can regulate the room temperature.(空调可以调节室温。)
pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/ n. 行人;步行者
pedestrian crossing 人行横道
1. 固定搭配:“pedestrian crossing”是交通话题核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“安全/交通”话题
1. Pedestrians should cross the road at the pedestrian crossing.(行人应该走人行横道过马路。) 2. Drivers must slow down when passing pedestrians.(司机经过行人时必须减速。)
cyclist /ˈsaɪklɪst/ n. 骑自行车的人
safety for cyclists 骑行者安全
1. 构词记忆:由“cycle(骑车)+ ist(表人的后缀)”构成; 2. 场景关联:常用于“交通/运动”话题
1. Cyclists should wear helmets when riding.(骑行者骑车时应该戴头盔。) 2. There are special lanes for cyclists on this road.(这条路上有骑行者专用道。)
therefore /ˈðeəfɔː(r)/ adv. 因此;所以
(用于句首或句中,表因果关系)
1. 语法考点:是连接因果关系的副词(后常接逗号); 2. 写作提示:可替换“so”提升书面表达
1. It rained heavily; therefore, we stayed at home.(雨下得很大,因此我们待在了家里。) 2. He didn't study hard; therefore, he failed the exam.(他学习不努力,所以考试不及格。)
signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ n. 标志;信号
traffic signal 交通信号灯;give a signal 发出信号
1. 常考搭配:“traffic signal”是交通话题核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“交通/通讯”话题
1. We must follow the traffic signals when crossing the road.(过马路时我们必须遵守交通信号灯。) 2. The coach gave a signal to start the game.(教练发出信号开始比赛。)
lane /leɪn/ n. 车道;小路
bus lane 公交专用道;a narrow lane 一条窄路
1. 场景关联:常用于“交通/道路”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“bus”搭配表“公交专用道”
1. Cars are not allowed in the bus lane.(公交专用道禁止社会车辆通行。) 2. We walked along a quiet lane in the village.(我们沿着村里一条安静的小路走。)
passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ n. 乘客;旅客
bus passenger 公交乘客;passenger seat 副驾驶座
1. 场景关联:常用于“交通/出行”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“passenger seat”是出行场景常用短语
1. Passengers must fasten their seat belts on the plane.(飞机上的乘客必须系好安全带。) 2. She sat in the passenger seat and looked out of the window.(她坐在副驾驶座上看向窗外。)
seat /siːt/ n. 座位;席位
take a seat 就座;window seat 靠窗的座位
1. 固定搭配:“take a seat”是日常礼貌用语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“出行/场所”话题
1. Please take a seat and wait for a moment.(请就座稍等片刻。) 2. I'd like a window seat on the train.(我想要火车上靠窗的座位。)
belt /belt/ n. 带;腰带
seat belt 安全带;leather belt 皮带
1. 常考搭配:“seat belt”是安全话题核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“安全/服饰”话题
1. You must wear a seat belt when driving.(开车时必须系安全带。) 2. He bought a new leather belt for his father.(他给爸爸买了一条新皮带。)
zebra /ˈzebrə/ n. 斑马
zebra crossing 斑马线(即pedestrian crossing)
1. 固定搭配:“zebra crossing”是交通话题核心词汇; 2. 场景关联:常用于“交通/安全”话题
1. We should cross the road at the zebra crossing.(我们应该走斑马线过马路。) 2. The zebra crossing is painted with black and white stripes.(斑马线漆有黑白条纹。)
crossing /ˈkrɒsɪŋ/ n. 人行横道
zebra crossing 斑马线;road crossing 路口
1. 场景关联:常用于“交通/安全”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“zebra”搭配表“斑马线”
1. Be careful when walking at the road crossing.(在路口行走时要小心。) 2. The zebra crossing is just ahead.(斑马线就在前面。)
cross /krɒs/ v. 横过;越过
cross the road 过马路;cross a river 过河
1. 固定搭配:“cross the road”是生活高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“交通/出行”话题
1. Don't cross the road when the light is red.(红灯时不要过马路。) 2. They crossed the river by boat.(他们坐船过了河。)
according to /əˈkɔːdɪŋ tuː/ prep. 根据
according to the book 根据书本;according to the teacher 根据老师说的
1. 常考短语:用于引用信息的来源; 2. 用法提示:后接名词/代词,不能接句子
1. According to the map, the museum is near here.(根据地图,博物馆就在附近。) 2. According to Tom, the party will be held next Friday.(根据汤姆说的,派对下周五举办。)
suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的;适当的
be suitable for... 适合……
1. 常考搭配:“be suitable for”是描述匹配度的高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“选择/建议”话题
1. This book is suitable for middle school students.(这本书适合中学生。) 2. The weather is suitable for a picnic.(天气适合野餐。)
spoken /ˈspəʊkən/ adj. 口头的;口语的
spoken English 英语口语;spoken language 口语
1. 常考搭配:“spoken English”是英语学习核心词汇; 2. 词义辨析:对比“written(书面的)”
1. We need to practice spoken English every day.(我们需要每天练习英语口语。) 2. Spoken language is different from written language.(口语和书面语不同。)
somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r)/ adv. 在某处
go somewhere 去某个地方;somewhere quiet 安静的地方
1. 用法提示:是不定副词,前不加介词; 2. 场景关联:常用于“出行/地点”话题
1. Let's go somewhere to have a rest.(咱们去个地方休息一下吧。) 2. I want to live somewhere quiet in the future.(我未来想住在安静的地方。)
yell /jel/ v. 大叫;叫喊 n. 喊声;喊叫
yell at sb. 对某人大喊;yell for help 大喊求救
1. 常考搭配:“yell at”表“生气地大喊”,“yell for help”表“紧急求救”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“情绪/紧急情况”话题
1. Don't yell at your little brother—he's scared.(别对你弟弟大喊,他害怕了。) 2. He fell into the water and yelled for help.(他掉进水里大喊求救。)
hallway /ˈhɔːlweɪ/ n. 走廊;过道
school hallway 学校走廊
1. 场景关联:常用于“校园/建筑”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“school”搭配表“学校走廊”
1. Don't run in the school hallway—it's dangerous.(别在学校走廊里跑,很危险。) 2. We met our teacher in the hallway.(我们在走廊里遇到了老师。)
insult /ɪnˈsʌlt/ v. 辱骂;侮辱 /ˈɪnsʌlt/ n. 侮辱;凌辱;冒犯
insult sb. 侮辱某人;take insult 觉得被冒犯
1. 一词多义:注意动词和名词的读音不同; 2. 场景关联:常用于“人际/冲突”话题
1. It's rude to insult others with bad words.(用脏话侮辱别人是粗鲁的。) 2. She felt hurt by his insult.(他的侮辱让她很受伤。)
test /test/ n. & v. 测试;检验
take a test 参加测试;test the machine 检验机器
1. 固定搭配:“take a test”是学习场景高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“学习/实验”话题
1. We will take an English test next week.(我们下周要参加英语测试。) 2. The worker is testing the new machine.(工人正在检验新机器。)
statue /ˈstætʃuː/ n. 雕像;塑像
a statue of... ……的雕像
1. 搭配提示:“a statue of”表“某人/某物的雕像”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“文化/景点”话题
1. There is a statue of a hero in the park.(公园里有一座英雄的雕像。) 2. We took photos in front of the statue.(我们在雕像前拍了照。)
recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认识;意识到
recognise sb. 认出某人;recognise the problem 意识到问题
1. 拼写提示:注意是“recognise”(英式拼写),美式为“recognize”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“人际/认知”话题
1. I recognised my old friend in the crowd.(我在人群中认出了老朋友。) 2. He finally recognised his mistake.(他终于意识到了自己的错误。)
disrespectful /ˌdɪsrɪˈspektfʊl/ adj. 无礼的;不尊敬的
be disrespectful to sb. 对某人不尊敬
1. 构词记忆:由“dis(否定)+ respectful(尊敬的)”构成; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“respectful(尊敬的)”
1. It's disrespectful to talk back to your parents.(和父母顶嘴是不尊敬的。) 2. Don't be disrespectful to the teachers.(不要对老师无礼。)
western /ˈwestən/ adj. 西方的;西部的
western culture 西方文化;western food 西餐
1. 场景关联:常用于“文化/饮食”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“culture/food”搭配
1. We learned about western culture in class.(我们在课上学了西方文化。) 2. She likes western food like hamburgers and pizza.(她喜欢汉堡、披萨之类的西餐。)
distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离;间隔;远方
in the distance 在远方;keep a distance 保持距离
1. 常考短语:“in the distance”是场景描述高频表达; 2. 场景关联:常用于“空间/人际”话题
1. We saw a mountain in the distance.(我们看到远方有一座山。) 2. We should keep a safe distance from strangers.(我们应该和陌生人保持安全距离。)
rude /ruːd/ adj. 无礼的;粗鲁的
be rude to sb. 对某人无礼
1. 场景关联:常用于“人际/礼貌”话题; 2. 反义提示:反义词是“polite(礼貌的)”
1. It's rude to cut in line.(插队是无礼的行为。) 2. Don't be rude to the service staff.(不要对服务人员粗鲁。)
depend /dɪˈpend/ v. 取决于;依靠
depend on 取决于;依靠
1. 高频短语:“depend on”是因果/依赖类核心表达; 2. 用法提示:后接名词/代词/从句
1. The result depends on your hard work.(结果取决于你的努力。) 2. Children depend on their parents for food and clothes.(孩子依靠父母提供衣食。)
shake /ʃeɪk/ v. 摇头;摇动
shake hands 握手;shake one's head 摇头
1. 固定搭配:“shake hands”是社交场景核心短语; 2. 动词变形:过去式/过去分词为“shook/shaken”
1. We shook hands and became friends.(我们握手成为了朋友。) 2. He shook his head to show he didn't agree.(他摇头表示不同意。)
hide /haɪd/ v. 隐藏;躲藏
hide sth. 藏起某物;hide from... 躲避……
1. 动词变形:过去式/过去分词为“hid/hidden”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“游戏/逃避”话题
1. She hid her birthday present under the bed.(她把生日礼物藏在了床底下。) 2. The cat hid from the dog behind the door.(猫躲在门后避开狗。)
hood /hʊd/ n. 兜帽;折叠式车篷
car hood 汽车引擎盖;put on the hood 戴上兜帽
1. 一词多义:可表“衣物兜帽”或“汽车引擎盖”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“服饰/交通”话题
1. He opened the car hood to check the engine.(他打开汽车引擎盖检查发动机。) 2. She put on the hood of her coat in the rain.(下雨时她戴上了外套的兜帽。)
boundary /ˈbaʊndri/ n. 界限;分界线
national boundary 国界;boundary between... ……之间的界限
1. 场景关联:常用于“地理/关系”话题; 2. 搭配提示:“boundary between”表“两者之间的界限”
1. The river is the national boundary between the two countries.(这条河是两国的国界。) 2. We need to set a boundary between work and life.(我们要划分工作和生活的界限。)
warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告;提醒
warn sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事;warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事
1. 常考搭配:“warn sb. not to do”是建议/警示类高频句型; 2. 场景关联:常用于“安全/提示”话题
1. The teacher warned us about the exam rules.(老师提醒我们考试规则。) 2. My mom warned me not to play with fire.(妈妈警告我不要玩火。)
nod /nɒd/ v. 点头,打盹
nod one's head 点头;nod off 打盹
1. 固定搭配:“nod one's head”表“同意/回应”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“人际/状态”话题
1. He nodded his head to show he agreed.(他点头表示同意。) 2. She nodded off while watching TV.(她看电视时打起了盹。)
ever /ˈevə(r)/ adv. 曾经;从来;始终
have you ever... 你曾经……吗;ever since 从那时起
1. 语法考点:常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句; 2. 常考短语:“ever since”表“从过去持续到现在”
1. Have you ever been to Beijing?(你曾经去过北京吗?) 2. He has lived here ever since he was a child.(他从小就住在这里。)
false /fɔːls/ adj. 错误的;人造的;假的
false information 虚假信息;false teeth 假牙
1. 一词多义:可表“信息错误”或“物品人造”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“信息/物品”话题
1. We should not believe false information online.(我们不应该相信网上的虚假信息。) 2. The old man wears false teeth when eating.(老人吃饭时戴着假牙。)
negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 负的;消极的
negative attitude 消极态度;negative effect 负面影响
1. 反义提示:反义词是“positive(积极的)”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“态度/影响”话题
1. Don't have a negative attitude towards difficulties.(不要对困难持消极态度。) 2. The bad news had a negative effect on her mood.(坏消息对她的情绪产生了负面影响。)
litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/ v. 乱扔;使乱七八糟 n. 垃圾;乱放的杂物
litter the ground 乱扔垃圾;no littering 禁止乱扔垃圾
1. 常考标识:“no littering”是公共场合常见标语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“环保/规则”话题
1. It's bad to litter the ground with plastic bottles.(乱扔塑料瓶到地上是不好的行为。) 2. The sign says “no littering” in the park.(公园里的标识写着“禁止乱扔垃圾”。)
mess /mes/ n. 肮脏;杂乱;混乱
make a mess 弄得一团糟;in a mess 乱糟糟的
1. 固定搭配:“make a mess”是生活场景高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“生活/状态”话题
1. The kids made a mess in the living room.(孩子们把客厅弄得一团糟。) 2. My desk is in a mess—I need to clean it.(我的书桌乱糟糟的,得整理一下。)
strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的;陌生的
strange person 陌生人;strange noise 奇怪的声音
1. 一词多义:可表“事物奇怪”或“人陌生”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“感受/人际”话题
1. Don't talk to strange people on the street.(不要和街上的陌生人说话。) 2. We heard a strange noise from the kitchen.(我们听到厨房传来奇怪的声音。)
within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep. 在……之内
within 10 minutes 10分钟之内;within the city 在城市范围内
1. 用法提示:表“时间/空间的范围之内”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“时间/地点”话题
1. We need to finish the task within an hour.(我们需要在一小时内完成任务。) 2. The museum is within the city center.(博物馆在市中心范围内。)
airport /ˈeəpɔːt/ n. 机场;航空站
at the airport 在机场;international airport 国际机场
1. 场景关联:常用于“出行/交通”话题; 2. 搭配提示:常和“international”搭配表“国际机场”
1. My parents saw me off at the airport.(父母在机场为我送行。) 2. We flew to Shanghai from the international airport.(我们从国际机场飞往上海。)
board /bɔːd/ v. 上船(或火车、飞机等) n. 板;木板
board the plane 登机;blackboard 黑板
1. 一词多义:八下重点是“登机/上船”; 2. 场景关联:常用于“出行/校园”话题
1. We need to board the train in 5 minutes.(我们需要5分钟内上火车。) 2. The teacher wrote the words on the blackboard.(老师把单词写在了黑板上。)
either /ˈaɪðə(r)/ adv. 也(用于否定词组后) adj. & pron.(两者中的)任何一个
me either 我也不;either...or... 要么……要么……
1. 常考结构:“either...or...”是并列连词(主谓一致遵循“就近原则”); 2. 用法提示:作副词时用于否定句末
1. I don't like coffee, and I don't either.(我不喜欢咖啡,我也不喜欢。) 2. Either you or he has to finish the work.(要么你要么他得完成这项工作。)
punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ v. 处罚;惩罚
punish sb. for sth. 因某事惩罚某人
1. 常考搭配:“punish sb. for”是规则/教育类高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“规则/教育”话题
1. The teacher punished him for being late.(老师因他迟到惩罚了他。) 2. Parents shouldn't punish kids too harshly.(父母不应该太严厉地惩罚孩子。)
pack /pæk/ v. 装;捆扎;挑选;塞满 n. 装(箱);包裹
pack one's bags 打包行李;pack a box 装满箱子
1. 固定搭配:“pack one's bags”是出行场景高频短语; 2. 场景关联:常用于“出行/整理”话题
1. We need to pack our bags before the trip.(旅行前我们得打包行李。) 2. She packed the box with books.(她把箱子装满了书。)
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