Unit 7 知识梳理+配套题目 -2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

8B U7 Welcome 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 medical adj. 医疗的 There are about 6,000 medical volunteers in this organization. 词性转换：medicine n. 药，医学 organization =organisation n. 组织 注意复数 词性转换： organization n. 组织 organized adj. 有条理的，有效率的 organizer n. 组织者 lip n. 嘴唇 lip problems 注意复数 二、句型： 1. Do you know any important charities? 你知道有哪些重要的慈善机构吗？ 当charity表示慈善时不可数，表示慈善机构时可数。 2. Millions of children were born with lip problems. 数百万儿童天生患有唇部问题。 短语：be born with... 先天带有…… 3. Thanks to Operation Smile,every year,lots of children are helped and given a new life. 得益于“微笑行动”，每年都有许多儿童得到帮助，重获新生。 短语：give sb. a new life 使某人重获新生 被动：sb. be given a new life Reading 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 interviewer n. 采访者 注意复数和所有格 词形转换：interview n. 采访 vt. 采访 billion n. 十亿 Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 用法同hundred, thousand: 1. 有数字，billion后不加s: six billion 60亿 2. billions of 数十亿的 cure vt.&n. vt. 治好(疾病);治愈 n. 药物，疗法 短语：cure sb. of sth. 与treat的区别： cure带结果，治愈 treat不带结果，治疗 treatment n. 治疗 However, many people don't have money for medical treatment. 不可数名词 短语：medical treatment 医疗 词性转换：treat vt. 治疗 aim n.& vt.&vi. n. 目的，目标 vt.&vi. 力争做到；旨在 Orbis was started in 1982 with the aim of using its Flying Eye Hospital to help patients in poor areas. 注意复数 作为名词时的句型：with the aim of 以……为目的 作为动词时的句型： aim to do=be aimed at doing 旨在做某事 be aimed at sb. 针对某人 词性转换：aimless adj. 无目标的 patient n. 病人 注意复数和所有格 其他词性：adj. 耐心的 afford vt. 能做，买得起 Many of our patients can't afford to go to hospital. 短语：afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do 做得起某事 词性转换： affordable adj. 买得起的 go to hospital 去看病 表示去医院看病，hospital前不加冠词，后不加复数 表示去医院上班或看望病人，要加冠词：go to the hospital 同类短语： go to school 去上学 go to the school 去学校上班或开家长会 on board 在飞机上(或船上、火车上) Local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. board其他词性 v. 登机 board词性转换： aboard adv. 在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上 benefit vi.& n. vi. 得益于，得利于 n. 优势，益处，成效 We hope more people will benefit from this. 短语：benefit from... 从……获益 其他词性：vt. 使……获益 benefit sb. n. 优势，益处 be of benefit to sb. 对……有益 词性转换：beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to sb.=be of benefit to sb. eye care 眼睛保健 Last year more than 50,000 eye care training sessions were completed. session n. 一场 注意复数 operate vi. 动手术 During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. operate on (给……) 做手术 其他词性：vt. 操作，使运行 词性转换：operation n. 手术 treat vt. 医治；把……视为 Most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. 注意与cure的区别 词性转换：treatment n. 治疗 carry on (with) 继续做 But we need more money to carry on with our work. 短语：carry on with sth. carry on doing sth. interview n. 采访，访谈；面试 the interview script 注意复数 短语：have an interview with sb. 其他词性：vt. 采访 词形转换：interviewer n. 采访者 grateful adj. 感激的 I am forever grateful. 注意副词 darkness n. 黑暗 I lived in the darkness. 词性转换：dark adj. 黑暗的 n. 黑暗 "dark"作名词时可表示抽象的黑暗概念或特定黑暗时期，"darkness"侧重具体可感知的黑暗状态或性质 二、句型： 1. Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. 全球有超过十亿人患有各种眼部问题，其中约90%的病例是可以预防或治愈的。 短语：suffer from... 遭受……的问题 2. But why did Orbis choose to use a plane as a hospital? 但奥比斯为何选择将飞机作为医院呢？ 短语：use...as.... 把……当作……来使用 被动形式：be used as... 被用作…… 3. During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. 在我上次访问期间，共有150名患者接受了手术。 短语：during my last visit 在我上次访问期间，注意during是介词，后跟名词短语，visit在这里是名词，前面必须是物主代词或者名词所有格。 4. We're proud to help people see again. 我们很自豪能帮助人们重见光明。 proud的句型：1. be proud of sth.=take pride in sth. 为……骄傲；2. be proud to do 骄傲地做某事；3. be proud that..... 5. Is there anything else you'd like to say to our readers? 你还有什么想对我们的读者说的吗？ you'd like to say是定语从句，修饰anything else。故动词用say，可带内容做宾语。 say to sb. 对某人说 6. I am writing to express my deep thanks to you and everyone at Orbis. 我写这封信是为了向您和奥比斯（Orbis）的每一位表达我深深的谢意。 短语：express thanks to sb. 向某人表达感谢 7. Without Orbis, I would not have received medical treatment. 如果没有奥比斯，我不会受到治疗。 wouldn’t have done是对过去虚拟时所使用的时态。如果没有奥比斯，我不会受到治疗（实际情况是受到治疗了）。与事实不相符的情况下，动词要用虚拟语态。 8. I can follow my dream of becoming a doctor. 我可以追寻我的梦想，成为一名医生。 短语：one’s dream of doing 某人做某事的梦想 当dream为动词时，句型为dream of doing 梦想做某事 9. Many patients, like the problem with my eyes, can be treated easily now, but a lot of people have to rely on charities because they don't have enough money. 许多患者，比如我的眼睛问题，现在都可以轻松治疗，但很多人因为没有足够的钱，不得不依赖慈善机构。 短语：……方面的问题 the problem with... rely on 依赖于…… 10. I hope you will carry on helping people for many years to come. 我希望你在未来的许多年里继续帮助他人。 短语：继续做某事 carry on doing for years to come 在未来许多年里 【巩固练习】 1. My foot __________ but I am not able to __________. A. is hurt; go to hospital B. hurts; go to hospital C. is hurt; go to the hospital D. hurts; go to the hospital 2. My daughter hopes to watch the concert by SEVENTEEN in Korea but I can't __________ to buy the ticket. A. afford B. except C. offer D. provide 3. The manager of ABC Company will have a job __________ me. He will __________ me this afternoon. A. interview to; interview B. interview with; interview C. interview to; interview to D. interview with; interview with 4. ---I ______ reading English every morning. ---Me too. It's very important because it _____ the first language in England and some other countries. A. am used to: is used by B. used to, is used as C. used to: is used by D. am used to; is used as 5. Some __________ (医学的) teams got to Shanghai to help people during tho pandemic. 6. ---I feel too nervous to answer the ___________ (采访者) questions. ---Take it easy. She's a kind parson. 7. ORBIS doctors teach local doctors and nurses new skills on __________ (在飞机上). 8. This must have been the _________ (自豪的) moments in his busy and hard working life. 9. We're sure some cancers can be ________ (治愈) in the near future. 10. WTO is short for World Trade _________ (组织). 11. We’re all __________ (pride) of the athletes in the Special Olympics. 12. Talking to the old _________ (patient) made his parents angry with him. 13. The poor child's parents are preparing money for his further___________(treat). 14. I looked around, but I could see nothing in the ___________ (dark). 15. Sandy _______________ (interview) Mr. Smith in the coming holiday. He is a medical expert. 16. He couldn't hear anything when he was born. (同义句转换) He was _________ _________ _________. 17. 据说，在这个慈善组织的帮助下，超过85%的病例已经被治愈。 It is said that _________________________________with ____________________. 18. 在过去，大多数病人看不起病。 In the past, _____________________________________________________________. 19. 这个生病的男孩下周什么时候动手术？ When _________________________________________________________________. 20. 我们需要更多的钱来继续开展我们的工作吗？ ___________________________ by us_________________________________________? 21. 前几天一位采访者被邀请进入机舱出席这次仪式。 An __________________________________________ the ceremony the other day. 22. 许多病人无法承担继续治疗的费用。 Many __________________________________________the treatment. 23.今天早晨，在学校礼堂组织了一次关于如何防止考前紧张的讲座(lecture) __________________________________________ this morning. 24. 你们还需要其他什么来继续为这个病人做手术呢？ What __________________ do you need ________________________________________________. 25. is, girl, How, it. cured, the, important, to, be, for _____________________________________________________________________________________ 26. show, held, the, charity, will, A, by, be, Students' Union _____________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1-4 BABD 5. medical; 6. interviewer’s; 7. board; 8. proud; 9. cured; 10. Organization; 11. proudest; 12. patient; 13. treatment; 14. darkness 15. will interview 16. born with deafness 17. over 85% of the cases have been cured; the help of the charity 18. most patients couldn’t afford to go to hospital. 19. will the sick boy be operated on next week? 20. Is more money needed; to carry on with our work? 21. An interviewer was invited on board to attend 22. Many patients can't afford to carry on with 23. The school organized a lecture about how to prevent being nervous before exams 24. else; to carry on doing the operation on the patient 25. How important it is for the girl to be cured! 26. A charity show will be held by the Students’ Union. Grammar 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 blind vt. 使失明 A young boy was blinded in a car accident in January this year. be blinded强调动作，失明发生的时间 be blind表示失明的状态 其他词性：adj. 失明的 词性转换：blindness n. 失明 addition n. 增加；增加物 In addition to helping patients directly, Orbis does many other things. in addition 此外，放在开头加“，” in addition to 除了……外，还 (to是介词，后加doing/sth.) 词性转换：additional adj. 额外的 add vt. 增加，添加 directly adv. 直接 词性转换：direct adj. 直接的 vt. 指导，执导 train vt.&vi. 培训，训练 For example, local doctors and nurses are trained by Orbis so that they can better help patients. 词性转换：training n. 训练 leaflet n. 传单，小册子 Leaflets are hand out to people in the street by volunteers. 注意复数 hand out 分发 代词放中间 =give out 反义短语：hand in 上交 二、重点句子： 1. Warm clothes were collected for children in disaster areas. 为灾区儿童募集保暖衣物。 短语：disaster areas 灾区 2. A charity show was hold at the school hall. 学校礼堂举办了一场慈善义演。 hold和take place的区别：hold是举办方做主语，活动做宾语，有被动语态；take place是活动做主语，没有被动语态。 3. The money is used to help people in need. 这笔钱是用来帮助有需要的人的。 句型：be used to do 被用来做某事 区分：used to do 过去常常做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 4. It was founded in 1919 and aims to build a better future for all children. 该组织成立于1919年，旨在为所有儿童创造更美好的未来。 found vt. 建立 found-founded-founded 句型：aim to do 旨在做某事 短语：build sth. for sb.=build sb. sth. 给某人建造某物 5. But it's not just people who are in need of help and support. 但需要帮助和支持的不仅仅是人。 语法：it的强调句：It is+被强调部分 that (如果被强调部分是人，也可替换为who)+剩余部分。强调句特点：将it is和that去掉，剩下的部分结构完整。 原句本为：But not just people are in need of help and support. 为了强调主语部分，用it is把主语部分提出来，然后用who带出剩余部分，就变为：But it's not just people who are in need of help and support. 6. Every year, new charities are created for different reasons, such as protecting the environment and animals. 每年，都会因不同的原因而创立新的慈善机构，例如保护环境和动物。 短语：由于不同的原因 for different reasons ……的原因 the reason for.... 7. For example, the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) works hard to protect the natural world for the benefit of people and wildlife. 例如，世界自然基金会（WWF）致力于保护自然环境，以造福人类和野生动物。 短语：work hard to do.... 致力于做某事 for the benefit of.... 为了……的利益 8. Its aim is to help poor children and families around the world. 其宗旨是帮助世界各地的贫困儿童和家庭。 句型：one’s aim is to do.... 某人的目的是做…… 9. They also make great efforts to make sure families are provided with clean water and hungry children are fed. 他们还努力确保每个家庭都能获得清洁的用水，并让饥饿的儿童得到食物。 句型：make efforts to do 努力做某事 sb. be provided with sth. 某人被提供某物 sth. be provided for sb. 某物被提供给某人 10. It said that millions of children are helped by World Vision's health programmes around the world. 上面写着世界宣明会在全球各地的健康项目已帮助了数百万儿童。 区分句型：it says... 上面写着，此处it为代词，指代上文的文章，通知，报纸之类的名词。 it is said据说，此处it为形式主语。 三、语法： 【知识梳理1】被动语态的基本结构 概念： 被动语态就是动作的承受者做主语，表示承受者被…… 基本句子结构： 动作的承受者+ be done + by (被，由) 动作的发出者 (由于被动语态常常用于不明确发出者的时候，所以有时候没有by 发出者) 如: I water the tree every day. The tree is watered by me every day. Tense Form of Verb. Example 一般现在时 is/am/are done The classroom is cleaned every day. 一般过去时 was/were done The cake was eaten by him. 一般将来时 will be done; be going to be done The donation will be sent to the charity. The donation is going to be sent to the charity. 现在完成时（了解） have/has been done The task has been finished. 情态动词 情态动词 be done Homework must be done tonight. 【知识梳理2】被动语态的特殊形式 1) 双宾语的被动语态： show sb. Sth. —— sb. be shown sth. He showed me his pictures. show sth. to sb. —— sth. be shown to sb. O1 O2 I was shown his pictures by him. His pictures were shown to me by him. My aunt made me a dress. A dress was made for me. 由于被动语态是把动作的承受者，即宾语提至前面做主语。而双宾语结构又含有两个宾语，所以双宾语结构就有两种被动语态形式。 如：I give her a book. 第一种：把人提前：She is given a book (by me). 第二种：把物提前：A book is given to her (by me). 注意点：当把物提前时，要注意一个介词的问题。 主动语态 被动语态 bring sb. sth. 把某物带给某人 sb. be brought sth. / sth. be brought to sb. lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 sb. be lent sth./ sth. be lent to sb. offer sb. sth. 将某物给某人 sb. be offered sth./ sth. be offered to sb. pay sb. sth. 付给某人某物（钱） sb. be paid sth./ sth. be paid to sb. send sb. sth.把某物送给某人 sb. be sent sth./ sth. be sent to sb. show sb. sth. 拿某物给某人看 sb. be shown sth./ sth. be shown to sb. tell sb. sth.告诉某人某情况 sb. be told sth./ sth. be told to sb. buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 sb. be bought sth./ sth. be bought for sb. make sb. sth.为某人制作某物 sb. be made sth./ sth. be made for sb. provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物 sb. be provided with sth./ sth. be provided for sb. 2) 使役动词make, let, have, hear, watch, see, feel, notice的被动语态： My brother often made me do this and that when I wbrother as young. (主动：make sb. do sth. ) I was often made to do this and that by my when I was young. 在初中阶段，我们学过的do做宾补的结构的短语并不多，主要有两种类型： 1) 感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice表示看见，听见，注意到某人做了某事全过程，或者说经常看到，听到，注意到某人做某事： see sb. do——sb. be seen to do see sb. Doing sb. be seen doing 如：I often see him run in the morning. I heard her leave the office. 2) 使役动词let, make, have等，宾补的动词用do： 如：I make him run in the morning. 主动语态 被动语态 make sb. do sb. be made to do have sb. do sb. be had to do let sb. do sb. be let to do see sb. do sb. be seen to do hear sb. do sb. be heard to do watch sb. do sb. be watched to do notice sb. do sb. be noticed to do 当上述结构转为被动语态时，应加上不定式符合to. 例：I always see the boys play in the park. (变成被动语态) The boys are always seen to play by me in the park. 3) 不及物动词短语的被动语态： 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 They had put out the fire before the fire—brigade arrived. Put out the fire—— The fire is put out The fire had been put out before the fire—brigade arrived. 4) 主动表示被动义 · 某些作表语的形容词后，用不定式主动形式表示被动意义。 例：The conversation is hard (for sb.) to understand.对这话很难理解。 The fish is not easy (for sb.) to fish.鱼不容易钓。 The passage is difficult (for sb.) to read.这段文章很难读懂。 · 系动词无被动。 例：The soup smells good. 这个汤闻起来很香。 · 动名词的主动形式表示被动语态。如：need, require, worth等，并且可相互转化，如need doing = need to be done。 例：The book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。The book is worth reading. The children need looking after.=The children need to be looked after.孩子们需要照看。 · write, sell, wash和read和副词连用，主动语态表被动意义。 例：The pen writes smoothly. 这笔写起来很顺手。 The book sells well. 这本书卖得好。 Silk washes easily. 丝绸很容易洗。 5) 有无被动的近义词或形近词辨析 · rise和raise: rise是自行上升，是没有被动语态的；raise是举起，抬起，是有被动语态的。 例1：The price is rising these days. 例2：The flag is raised every morning. · change表示变化和改变： 当change表示自然而然的变化，是没有被动的；但是当change表示改变，是有被动的： 例1：Changzhou has changed a lot during the past three years. 例2：Children’s lives were changed because of the disaster. · run out和run out of: run out表示某物用光了，没有被动；run out of表示用光某物，有被动：人 run out of sth. 例1：The water has run out. 例2：The water has been run out of. · take place和hold: come true和realize take place表示进行，是没有被动的；hold表示句型，有被动： 例1：The sports meeting will take place in our school. 例2：The sports meeting will be held in our school. · -ed和-ing结尾的形容词： surprise sb. Sb. Be surprised -ed表示的是被动意；-ing表达的是主动意： 例1：I am bored with the film. 例2：The film is boring. surprise vt. 使……惊讶 The strange rabbit surprised Alice. Alice was surprised. The strange rabbit was surprising. · dress和wear: dress vt. 给某人穿衣服 dress sb. in 衣服——sb. be dressed in 表示穿着有两个短语：wear=be dressed in.... wear用主动，dress要用被动： 例1：I am dressed in a pink T-shirt. 例2：I wear a pink T-shirt. · lay和lie： lay是放置，下蛋，有被动；lie是自行躺在，坐落在某地： 例1：The river lies in front of the village.. 例2：The book is laid on the desk. · be used to do和be used to doing： be used to do是被用来做某事；be used to doing是习惯于做某事。 例1：The yellow river is used to make power. 例2：I am used to going to work by bus. · grow表示生长和种植： grow表示生长，是没有被动的；grow表示种植，是有被动的： 例1：Wild flowers grow in the park. 例2：Rice is grown in the south of China. 【巩固练习】 1. Chinese medicine __________ in that shop, and it __________ better after the COVID-19. A. is sold; sells B. sells; sells C. sells; is sold D. is sold, is sold 2. Don't worry. The leaflets are __________ by the monitor every day. A. handed out B. put out C. broken out D. turned out 3. __________ meaningful work it is __________ money to charities! A. How; raising B. How a; to raise C. What; to donate D. What a; donating 4. ---I hear the teacher has chosen five of us as volunteers. You __________, right? ---Yes. Some of us are chosen, __________ Tom, Jim and mo. A. have included; including B. are included; including C. are included; include D have included; included 5. John __________ eat with forks but now he __________ eating with chopsticks here. A. was used to; used to B. is used to; is used to C. used to; is used to D. used to; was used to 6. The government will __________ more colleges for more students to receive __________ education. A. found; further B. build; farther C. set out; further D. use up; farther 7. The rivers smells terrible. People must_________ dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing 8. ---Do you like the flowers? ---Yes, it _________ sweet. A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells 9. It snowed heavily last night. The ground _________ thick snow. A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered with 10. ---What made him so angry after yesterday's meeting? ---I'm not sure. Maybe _________ A. he wasn't chosen as the chairman B. miss the chance to travel abroad C. our boss gave him another task D. not having equal rights 11. What else will be _________ about the population at the meeting? A. thought B. talked C. discussed D. carry on 12. When he _________ the shop, the assistant was seen _________ something expensive. A. past; choose B. passed; to choose C. passed; choosing D. walked past; to choose 13. ---I hear you _________ a well-paid job, right? ---Not really, I_________ for their reply. A. were offered, am waiting B. offered; am writing C. are offered; have waited D. were offered; was waiting 14. The girl ____her hand and asked when the UN _________. A. put up; set up B. put up; was set out C. put up; was set up D. made up; was put up 15. Please don't stand up in class until you _________ A. were told to B. are told to C. will be told D. will be told to 16. It's his brother______never been to Australia. You'd better take him with you. A. that is B. who is C. that have D. who has 17. A charity show is _________ (举行) in our school every four years. 18. As we all know, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge __________ (build) in 2018. 19. The accident __________ (happen) on a cold winter morning last year. 20. Is the little boy heard __________ (sing) next door every day? 21. The students __________ (check) their homework when the teacher came in. 22. Though your clothes __________ (wash) easily, I don't think they are worth (值) that much. 23. The students __________ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs every year. 24. More flowers __________ grow, on both sides of the streets in Changzhou in 2 months. 25. They won't go outside to play until the tasks __________ (finish) this evening. 26. My aunt works over nine hours a day but she _________ (pay) less than 1000 yuan a month. 27. Will you be kind enough to hold the door open for me as I _________ (carry)too many things to spare a hand? 28. The teacher told us most of the earth______(cover) with water. 29. Nobody likes to _________ (laugh) at. 30. The birds _________ (feed) in a moment. Please don't worry about them. 31. I can do it better if I ________ (give) ten more minutes. 32. Please stop talking, guys. I can't hear what the guide _________ (explain). 33. Liu Mei as well as her friends _________ (drive) to the park together yesterday. 34. ---When did he start to work on the project? ---Not until he _________ (wake) up by his mum. 35. The bottle must _________ (shake) before you take the medicine. 36. The big day we looked forward to _________ (come) at last. 37. She will have great trouble _________ (train) as a nurse. 38. He doesn't give his friends interesting books. (把句子改为被动) Interesting books _________ _________ ________ _________ _________ by him. 39. The high cost made them give up the chance to study abroad. (把句子改为被动) They _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ the chance to study abroad. 40. The government offers the basic education to the poor people for further development. (对划线部分提问) ________ _________ the poor children _________ _________ the basic education by the government? 41. 老师告诉我们一些加拿大人说法语。 Our teacher tells us ___________________________________ by ________________. 42. 百分之98的贫困儿童被提供了受到医疗的机会。 _______________________________________________________________________. 43. 这些志愿者们经常被看见分发传单来帮助人们了解关于失聪的情况。 The volunteers __________________________________________________________________. 44. 这种药卖得好，但是这些医药组织需要被管理好， This kind _______________________________________________________________________. 答案： 1-5 AACBC 6-10 ABDAD 11-15 CCACB 16. D 17. held； 18. was built; 19. happened; 20. to sing; 21. were checking; 22. wash; 23. are told; 24. will be grown; 25. are finished; 26. is paid; 27. carry; 28. is covered; 29. be laughed; 30. will be fed; 31. am given; 32. is explaining; 33. drove; 34. was woken; 35. be shaken; 36. came; 37. training 38. aren’t given to his friends 39. were made to give up 40. Why are provided with 41. French is spoken; some Canadians. 42. percent of the poor children were provided with chances to receive medical treatment. 43. are often seen to hand out leaflets to help people learn about the deafness 44. of medicine sells well but the medical organizations need to be managed /managing well. Integration 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 champion n. 捍卫者，声援者，拥护者；冠军 a powerful champion of children's rights 注意复数和所有格 其他词形：championship n. 锦标赛 right n. 权利 注意复数 句型：做某事的权力 the right to do progress n. 进步，进展 UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. 不可数名词 句型：make progress in... 在……方面取得进步 make progress to do 取得进步来做某事 virus n. 病毒 during the fast spread of a virus 注意复数 miss out on 错失机会 miss out on jobs 短语： miss out on sth. 错失……的机会 war n. 战争；斗争 during the war 注意复数 influential adj. 有影响力的 It's one of the oldest and most influential charities in China. 词性转换：influence n. 影响 vt. 影响 二、句型： 1. UNICEF was set up in 1946 by the UN to help children and young people in difficult situations. 联合国儿童基金会于1946年由联合国成立，旨在帮助处于困境中的儿童和青少年。 1) UNICEF中u发本身音，前面若加不定冠词要用a 2) 短语set up，成立，设立，代词放中间。 3) 短语in difficult situations，处于困境中。 2. It provides clean water and food, education and health care for children. 它为儿童提供清洁的水和食物、教育以及医疗保健。 医疗保健 health care 注意这里不用形容词，因为表示的是保健的内容，而非说保健的性质。 3. Moreover, UNICEF acts quickly during emergency situations and makes sure that children get help in time. 此外，联合国儿童基金会在紧急情况下迅速采取行动，确保儿童能及时获得帮助。 短语：in time及时 其他time的短语：on time 准时 at a time 一次，每次 from time to time 时不时，偶尔 all the time 一直 4. Besides, it works closely with governments to develop programmes to help and protect children. 此外，它与各国政府密切合作，制定帮助和保护儿童的计划。 短语：与……密切合作 work closely with.... 当副词表示密切意时，形式为closely，其他短语：watch closely 密切关注 5. Through its great efforts, UNICEF is making great progress to create a better world for children. 通过其不懈努力，联合国儿童基金会正在为儿童创造一个更美好的世界方面取得巨大进展。 through表示通过，后一般加名词 短语：为……创造一个更好的世界 create a better world for .... 6. During the fast spread of a virus, UNICEF works with the WHO to protect children. 在病毒快速传播期间，联合国儿童基金会与世界卫生组织合作保护儿童。 短语：……的传播 the spread of.... 7. These make it difficult for those children to live in a .... and get what they need. 这些因素使得这些孩子难以生活在……并获得他们所需的东西。 句型：make it adj. for sb. to do 使得做某事对某人来说怎么样 类似句型：find/think/feel/consider it adj. for sb. to do 8. It also helps children receive basic education. 它还有助于儿童接受基础教育。 短语：basic education 基础教育 9. They are working hard to make the world a better place for children. 他们正在努力工作，让世界成为对孩子们来说更好的地方。 短语：make the world a better place for children 让世界成为对孩子们来说更好的地方 10. I don't think so. 我不这么认为。 情景交际答语。类似答语：I think so. 我认为确实如此。 I’m afraid not. 恐怕不是如此。 I’m afraid so. 恐怕如此。 I hope not. 希望不要这样。 I hope so. 希望如此。 11. It has many special programmes to support children and women at home and abroad. 它有许多特别项目来支持国内外儿童和妇女。 短语：at home and abroad 国内外 12. A girl's life is changed by World Vision. 一个女孩的生活因世界宣明会而改变。 当change表示改变时，有被动；当change表示自然变化，无被动。 如：Changzhou has changed a lot over the years. 常州近几年变化很大。 13. One day, a World Vision officer came to Mandeep's village and learnt about the conditions of the local people. 一天，一位世界宣明会的官员来到曼迪普所在的村庄，了解了当地居民的生活状况。 短语：……的状况 the conditions of.... 14. She enjoys school and is grateful to World Vision for helping her. 她喜欢上学，并对世界宣明会给予她的帮助心怀感激。 短语：be grateful to... 对……感激 【巩固练习】 1. ---Is Jack __________ UNICEF doctor or __________ Oxfam worker? ---He is __________ officer. A. an; /; an B. a; /; an C. a; an; an D. an; a; a 2. The chairman thought __________ necessary to invite Johnson to speak at the meeting. A. that B. it C. this D. him 3. Jim's mother had _________ that she had trouble finding a job after retiring. A. so little education B. such little education C. such a little education D. so a little education 4. ---What will you do with the old clothes? ---The old clothes as well as the old newspapers _________ to the recycling company. A. is going to send B. are going to send C. is going to be sent D. are going to be sent 5. Usually, the World Cup liked by the men _________ two years after the Olympics. A. is taken place B. takes place C. held D. is holding 6. Mobile phones can be used to __________ for some useful information. But my grandpa is not used to __________ information on such a small screen because of his poor eyesight. A. search; reading B. searching; reading C. search; read D. searching; read 7. My parents are not rich, but I still feel________ them and want to be their _________ in the future. A. worried about; proud B. pride in; pride C. excited at; proud D. proud of; pride 8. The price of the piano which belongs to my best friend is _________ that I can't afford______ it, but he is willing to share it with me. A. too high; to buy B. so much; to buy C. so much; buying D. so high; to buy 9. There were many people in the street ________ the fire and the firemen could not get _______ to the building very soon, so they were worried and angry. A. watching; close B. watch; close C. watched; closely D. watching; closely 10. “____________you've made! But you should still work harder,” the teacher said to the boy. A. How great progress B. How a big mistake C. What great progress D. What a big mistake 11. There were many people in the street ______ the fire and they were _______ the firemen's way, so the firemen couldn't walk _______ to the building very soon. A. watching; on; close B. to watch; on; closely C. watched; in; closely D. watching: in; close 12. Nowadays we can learn a great deal about the world not only _________ books but also ________ the Internet. A. in; on B. in; through C. from; through D. through; from 13. This center offer basic __________ (教育) to those children in need. 14. Visitors were very surprised to see the __________ (展开) of tho peacocks' (孔雀) beautiful wings. 15. Do you know who wrote the famous book called __________ (战争) and Peace? 16. The young men decide to write letters to thank the doctor, for ____________ (治愈) people's illness. 17. Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize for medicine ___________ (凭借) many years of hard work. 18. Hepburn spent the last few years of her life working ___________ (close) with UNICEF. 19. The charity show ___________ (hold) by the college students last week was a great success. 20. The _________ (office) work is very hard sometimes, but they are glad to work together. 21. My good friend is thinking about __________ (set) up a business for his son. 22. Why did you speak to your teacher so ___________ (pride)? Any good news? 23. Jim, the __________ (interview) have a lot of questions to ask you. Please get ready. 24. If you carry on __________(study) for another 3 hours, I believe you will be tired out. 25. Must all the windows and the door ___________ (close) because the air conditioner is on? 26. ---_________ the famous paintings ______________(display) in the museum next month? ---Yes, they are. 27. 这个官员已经下定决心为孩子们将世界变成一个更美好的地方。 The ______________________ mind ________________________________________. 28. 志愿者医生经常被派往山区预防疾病传播。 Volunteer doctors __________________________________________. 29. 随着现代医学的发展，越来越多的严重疾病能被防止传播。 ________________________, more and more serious diseases _____________________________. 30. 2019年，百分之98的贫困儿童被提供了平等的权利和基础教育 _______________________________________________________________________ in 2019. 答案： 1-5 CBADB 6-10 ADDAC 11-12. DC 13. education; 14. spread; 15. War; 16. curing; 17. through; 18. closely; 19. held; 20. officer’s; 21. setting; 22. proudly; 23. interviewers 24. studying; 25. be closed; 26. Are going to be displayed; 27. officer has made up his; to make the world a better place for children. 28. are often sent to prevent the spread of diseases 29. With the development of medical treatment; can be prevented spreading 30. 98 percent of the poor children were provided with equal rights and basic education 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $