Unit 5 知识梳理+配套题目 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

8B U5 Welcome 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 manners n. [pl.]礼仪，礼貌 good manners 必须加复数 litter n. 垃圾 drop litter 不可数名词 其他词性：vi. 扔垃圾 tap n. 水龙头 leave the tap running 注意复数 其他词性：vt. 轻拍 wait in line 排队等候 Wait in line patiently. patiently adv. 耐心地 词形转换：patient adj. 耐心的 反义词：impatient adj. 不耐烦的，急躁的 名词：patience n. 耐心 congratulation n. 祝贺 Congratulations, Shirley. 一般用复数形式 congratulations to sb. on sth. 祝贺某人某成就 词形转换：congratulate vt. 祝贺 hallway n. 走廊；正门过道 You shouldn't run in the hallways after class. 注意复数 on time 准时 come back to class on time in time 及时 at a time 一次，每次 from time to time 时不时，偶尔 二、句型： 1. Good manners and kindness are always in fashion. 好的礼仪和善良永远是时尚。 短语：in fashion 流行，时尚 out of fashion 过时 fashionable adj. 流行的 2. Leave the tap running 让水龙头一直流 leave + sth. + 状态 任由某物处于某种状态 走的时候不要让灯开着。 Don’t leave the lights on when you leave. 让我一个人呆着 leave me alone 让窗开着/关着 leave the window open/closed 3. First, it's very important to show respect for your teachers. 首先，尊重老师是非常重要的。 短语：show respect for.... 尊重…… 4. I can't wait to meet my new classmates! 我迫不及待想见到我的新同学们！ 句型：can’t wait to do 迫不及待做某事 Reading 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 feel at home 舒服自在，不拘束 make me feel at home feel-felt-felt normally adv. 通常 They normally use nin to address others in a formal situation. 词形转换：normal adj. 正常的 反义词：abnormal adj. 不正常的 address vt. 称呼(某人) 其他词义：vt. 跟某人说话 address sb. 解决 address the problem 其他词性：n. 地址 politeness n. 礼貌 show politeness and respect for others 不可数名词 词性转换： polite adj. 礼貌的 (反：im-) politely adv. 礼貌地 realize vt. (=realise)意识到 I've also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British 其他词义：实现 realize one’s dream 词性转换：realization n. 实现 behave vi. 表现 词性转换：behavior n. 行为 differently adv. 不同地 词性转换：different adj. 不同的 praise n.&vt. 称赞，赞美 when I praise my Chinese friends 作为名词时是不可数名词 pleased adj. 高兴 I'll be pleased. 短语：be pleased with... 对……满意 词性转换：please vt. 使……高兴 pleasant adj. 令人高兴的 (反：-un) pleasure n. 荣幸 reply vt.&vi. 回答，答复 They often smile and reply. reply to sb. 回复某人 其他词性：n. 回复 modest adj. 谦虚的 They are too modest to accept praise openly. 比较级：more modest openly adv. 公开地，毫不隐瞒地 host n. 主人 My host was nice enough to invite me to dinner. 注意复数和所有格 hostess n. 女主人 hospitable adj. 好客的，热情友好的 He was so hospitable. 副词：hospitably plate n. 盘子，碟子 on my plate 注意复数 介词用on refuse vi.&vt. 拒绝，回绝 I was too polite to refuse. refuse to do 拒绝做某事 词性转换：refusal n. 拒绝 get used to sth/doing sth 习惯于某事(物), 适应某事(物) It can be hard at first to get used to all these differences. 延续性动词：be used to sth./doing 区分句型： used to do 过去常常做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事 二、句型： 1. I've been in China for a month. 我来中国已经一个月了。 句型：have been in 在某地多长时间了，需要跟how long, for, since共用。 区别：have been to 去过某地（常与ever, never, 次数，before共用；往往含有已回之意） have gone to 去了某地（还没回来） 2. I've noticed some interesting differences in manners. 我注意到在礼仪方面存在一些有趣的差异。 短语：……方面的不同 differences in.... 与……不同 be different from... 在……方面不同 be different in.... 3. In the UK, people use the word “please” all the time to be polite. 在英国，人们总是用“请”这个词来表示礼貌。 短语：all the time 一直 其他与time有关的短语见词汇on time 4. The Chinese have their own way of being polite. 中国人有他们自己的礼貌表达方式。 短语：做某事的方式：the way to do=the way of doing=the method of doing 5. If you want to show politeness and respect for others, you can't go wrong with nin. 如果你想对别人表示礼貌和尊重，使用“nin”是绝对不会出错的。 短语：go wrong 出错 6. I've also realized that the Chinese behave differently to the British when it comes to praise. 我还意识到，在接受赞美时，中国人的表现与英国人不同。 短语：when it comes to... 当说到，当提及；注意to为介词 7. This was his way of showing how much he cared about me. 这是他表达对我多么关心的一种方式。 短语：care about 关心，在意 用much来修饰程度 care for=take care of=look after 照顾 另外，care for也可以表示喜欢 8. But if you are in another country, my advice is: when in Rome, do as the Romans do. 但如果你身处异国他乡，我的建议是：入乡随俗。 谚语：When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗 as表示按照，引导方式状语从句。 9. How is everything going? 最近还好吗？一切都好吗？ 打招呼用语。 10. It's not polite to call people by their names if they're much older than you. 如果对方比你年长很多，直呼其名是不礼貌的。 短语：call sb. by.... 通过（某种方式）称呼某人，用（什么名字）叫某人 回顾比较级的修饰词：much, even, far, still..... 11. Is there anything similar between the manners in China and at home? 中国和本国的礼仪之间有什么相似之处吗？ 短语回顾：与……相似 be similar to.... at home 在国内 at home and abroad 在国内外 【巩固练习】 1. Smartphones can be used to _______ for information. But I am not used to _______ information on such a small screen. A. search; reading B. searching; reading C. search; read D. searching; read 2. Linda used to __________ late, but now she is used to __________ early. A. get up; getting up B. get up; get up C. getting up; get up D. getting up; getting up 3. My parents __________hatting online since I __________ smart phones for them. A. have got used to; bought B. have used to; had C. are used to; have had D. have been used to;bought 4. ---Mum can you give me some advice on how to behave myself at the table? ---Well, I do have some advice. __________, please keep quiet while eating. A. In all B. Of all C. At all D. Above all 5. --- My cousin is good at all his subjects at school, but he never _________ . --- What a (n) _________ boy! We should learn from him. A. gets off; thoughtful B. takes off; energetic C. shows off; modest D. puts off; curious 6. I offered him my idea, but he ______ it. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. took 7. Man's understanding of nature is developing__________.It never stays at the same level. A. at the right time B. for the first time C. from time to time D. all the time 8. To stop campus bullying (校园欺凌), we'd better treat each other ___________ (polite) in our daily lives. 9. We should always remember that ___________ (乱扔杂物) is not just about throwing a object. 10. I have so many things ___________ (相同的) to my brother's. 11. You can complete it ___________ (像) your brother does when you don't know the trick. 12. After reading the letter, he__________ (意识到)that he was wrong. 13. After a week, Amy's friend ____________ (回复)to her letter and told her the good news. 14. Tom didn’t mean to be__________(polite) when he shouted. He was just too excited. 15. Nobody will play with you if you _______(not be) patient all the time. 16. Miss Wang refused ________ (get) married to such a selfish guy though he was very rich. 17. It will take you a long time to get used to __________ (study) there if you move to another city. 18. The lifestyle I’ve got used to ______________ (change) greatly after I go to the senior school. 19. 这个新的应用软件可以使人们避免花很长时间排队等候。 This new app can make people_______________________much time_____________________________. 20. 你能给我一些关于如何在公共场合举止得体的建议吗？ Can you_______________________________________________________________________________? 21. 你能告诉他们如何避免让水龙头一直流水么? Can you tell them how__________________________________tap__________________________. 22. 前几天老师告诫我们不要乱丢垃圾。 Our teacher _______________________________________________ the other day. 23. 政府已经意识到改善环境的重要性了。 The government __________________ the importance of _________________________________. 答案： 1-7 AADDC BD 8. politely; 9. littering; 10. similar; 11. as; 12. realized; 13. replied; 14. impolite 15. aren’t; 16. to get; 17. studying; 18. will change 19. avoid spending much time waiting in line. 20. give me some advice/suggestions on how to behave properly in public? 21. Can you tell them how to avoid leaving the tap running? 22. warned us not to litter everywhere 23. has realized; improving the environment Grammar 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 fully adv. 完全地，全部地，充分地 To enjoy world travel fully 注意副词是在full后直接+y all at once 一起；同时 There might be too many new things to understand all at once. jump the line 插队 Don't jump the line. 回顾短语：排队 wait in line loudly adv. 吵闹地 Don't talk too loudly. 区分副词loud: loud：多用于中性描述（日常对话、指令），如"Talk loud, I can't hear you"（说大声点）。‌‌ loudly：多用于负面场景（争吵、警报），隐含干扰感，如"They argued loudly"（他们大声争吵）。‌‌‌‌ push vi.&vt. 挤开；推动 They are too kind to push past you when you are in their way. push past you 从你身旁挤过 past prep. 在另一边，到另一侧 表示从旁经过 其他词性词义： n. 过去 in the past adj. 过去的 词性转换：pass vt. 经过 go past=pass in one's way 挡道 way其他短语： on one’s way 在路上 in this way 用这种方法 by the way 顺便问一下 discussion n. 讨论 join the discussion 表示具体的讨论会议或事件（如“一次讨论”）可数； 指抽象的讨论行为或过程（如“讨论本身”）不可数 短语：under discussion 尚在讨论中 词性转换：discuss vt. 讨论 promise vt.&vi. 承诺，许诺 If he promised others something, he always kept his word. promise sb. sth. 承诺某人某物 promise sb. to do sth. 答应某人做某事 promise that.... 承诺+从句 其他词性 n. 诺言 make a promise 做保证 keep a promise 坚守承诺 break one’s promise 违背承诺 keep one's word 信守诺言 keep-kept-kept pear n. 梨 They found a pear tree beside the road. 注意复数 even though 尽管；即使 even though no one knew who the pear tree belonged to 引导让步状语从句 =even if belong vi. 应在(某处)；适应 belong to 属于，后面加宾格或名词，不能加物主代词和所有格 词性转换：belonging n. 所有物 二、重点句子： 1. When you travel around the world, it is important to know enough information about the manners of different cultures. 当你在世界各地旅行时，了解不同文化礼仪的足够信息非常重要。 短语：不同文化的礼仪 the manners of different cultures 2. Take your time. 别着急，慢慢来。 3. Stay in each place long enough to get to know the local traditions. 在每个地方停留足够长的时间，以便了解当地的传统。 短语：get to know （花时间）了解 4. Please wait patiently enough to let everyone get their turn. 请耐心等待，让每个人都能轮到。 turn n. 顺序 get one’s turn 轮到某人 5. Don't blow on your food if it is too hot. Wait a few minutes for it to cool off. 如果食物太烫，不要吹气。等几分钟让它凉下来。 短语：cool off 凉下来 6. Clear your plates off the table to make enough space for others to use. 把桌上的盘子收拾掉，腾出足够的空间让别人使用。 短语：clear your plates off the table 把桌上的盘子收拾掉 off在这里是介词，表示脱离 7. Also, they are kind enough to hold the door for you when you go in or out of a building. 此外，当你进出建筑物时，他们还会很友善地为你扶住门。 短语：hold the door for you 为你扶住门 8. In public places, people are polite enough to keep their voices down. 在公共场所，人们出于礼貌会压低嗓音。 短语：在公共场所 in public places=in public keep their voices down 压低嗓音 9. He is too excited to express himself clearly. 他太激动了而不能表达清楚自己。 短语：express himself clearly 清楚地表达自己 10. She is too busy taking notes to hear Suzy's opinion. 句型：be too busy doing 太忙于做某事 be too busy to do 太忙了而不能做某事 be too busy doing to do 太忙于做某事而不能做某事 11. There was a man named Ji Bu in the Han Dynasty. 汉朝时，有一个名叫季布的人。 短语：一个叫做……的人 a man named/called.... 在汉朝 in the Han Dynasty 注意冠词和大小写 12. He was trustworthy enough to win others' praise. 他足够值得信赖，赢得了他人的赞扬。 短语：win sb’s praise 赢得某人的赞扬 13. In the Tang Dynasty, there lived an old woman near Du Fu's house. 在唐朝，杜甫家附近住着一位老妇人。 语法：当表示趋势的副词置于句首，句子要用完全倒装。在there lived an old woman near Du Fu's house这句话中，an old woman是主语，由于副词there置于句首，所以整个句子的谓语动词lived要提到主语前。 14. She had no children and lived a hard life. 她没有孩子，生活很艰难。 短语：过着……的生活 live a .... life 15. She often went to beat down the fruits from the tree in Du Fu's yard and cooked them for food. 她经常去杜甫院子里把果子从树上打下来，并把它们煮了当食物吃。 短语：beat down...from... 把……从……打下来 beat-beat-beaten 16. The travellers on the road were all too thirsty to walk any further. 路上的旅行者都渴得走不动了。 短语：can’t walk any further 再也走不动了 注意此处为further表示程度 三、语法： enough …to 与too…to… 一、知识解析： 1. enough …to….表示足够怎么样可以做某事 enough的用法：enough可以和名词和形容词副词搭配，分别组成enough+名词和adj./adv.+enough Sb. is + adj. enough to do 例如： He is strong enough to carry the heavy box. I am old enough to look after myself. I have enough time to finish the work well. 否定句表示不够怎样而不能做某事。 He isn’t strong enough to carry the heavy box. I am not old enough to look after myself. I don’t have enough time to finish the work well. 注意：前面所使用的形容词一定要与后面的行动具有逻辑上的一致性，即carry一定要对应strong。 当主语不是人的时候，还可以用这样的句型： Sth is adj. enough+ for sb. + to do. This room is old enough for me to live in. This coat is big enough for me to wear. 注意：to do后面不能再加宾语 但是如果用so/such...that...来写同义句，从句要完整，所以要有宾语。 This coat is so big that I can wear it.=This is such a big coat that I can wear it. 2. too…to….表示太……而不能做某事 注意:too…to…本身就表示否定句了。不能用在否定句中。 Sb. is too adj. to do 例如：He is too weak to carry the heavy box. I am too young to look after myself. I have too little time to finish the work well. 当主语不是人的时候，还可以用这样的句型： Sth is too + adj. + for sb. + to do. 如：The shirt is too short for me to wear. The question is too difficult for me to work out. 注意：to do后面不能再加宾语 但是如果用so/such...that...来写同义句，从句要完整，所以要有宾语。 The question is so difficult that I can’t work it out.=This is such a difficult question that I can’t work it out. 3. enough…to…与too…to…的转换： 分析:too..to…本身是否定句，而enough.. to…不是，所以too…to…转换成enough句型时要加个not（第一步） 第二步：too后的形容词换到enough句型中要变成反义词。 【巩固练习】 1. --- Could you please not speak so loudly in________public? ---Sorry, I will try to speak in_________lower voice. A. a; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; / 2. If you are _____________, they won't touch you or push past you. A. in your way B. on your way C. on their way D. in their way 3. --- Do you think the question too hard ___________? ---I don't think so. He can answer it easily. A. of Jim to answer B. of Jim to answer it C. for Jim to answer D. for Jim to answer it 4. She was so angry at ____he was doing ______she walked out without a word. A. what; that B. that; what C. that; that D. what; what 5. ---Mum, I've got a chance to be an exchange student to the UK next year! --- Really? That's just ____________ to be true. Anyway, congratulations, baby! A. good enough B. well enough C. too good D. too well 6. The problem isn’t easy enough for me_____________, I want to______________. A. to work out; give up it B. working it out:give up it C. working it out; give it up D. to work out;give it up 7. My mother was too busy__________the child_________bring you the book you need. A. to help; with disabilities not to B. Helping; with disability to C. helping; with disabilities to D. to help; with disabilities to 8. Jim is _______ tired _______ finish the work. A. very; to B. so; that C. too; to D. too; not to 9. ________to school, I found a very huge rock ___________. A. In my way; on the way B. On the way to; in my way C. On the way; in my way D. In my way to; on the way 10. Daniel’s mother is too busy ________ the housework ___________ him with his English. A. doing; help B. doing; to help C. to do; helping D. to do; to help 11. Don't be so shy. Learning to __________ ourselves properly can help us make more friends. A. excuse B. express C. explain D. experience 12. The young man kept __________ the little boy____________ away from the big dog. A. to warn; keeping B. to warn; to keep C. warning; to keep D. warning:keeping 13. ---- The teacher asks us to read the article aloud in the morning. --- Yes. __________ , we can remember the new words better. A. By the way B. In some ways C. In this way D. By this way 14. You always leave the tap _______________ . It's a bad habit. A. run B. to run C. running D. runs 15. --- Your grandparents like travelling, do they? --- Yes. They think one is never ________ enjoy life. A. too young to B. young enough to C. too old to D. old enough for 16. During the May Day holiday, there were always so many tourists _________ but I never _________ them. A. in my way; push past B. on my way; push past C. in this way; push in D. in the way; push in 17. The book was written in ______ a simple language ________ even primary school students could understand it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; that 18. ---Mum, can I help you with the cleaning? ---Thank you. Dear. But you arc ____ now. you must wait till you are ___. A. too young; too old B. too young; enough old C. so young; enough old D. too young; old enough 19. The problem will be____________________(far) discussed this evening. 20. The warm______________(discuss) have lasted for nearly two hours. 21. Be patient! The problem is still under ______________ (discuss). 22. I knocked _______________ (loud), but Zillah didn’t hear it. 23. I hope you won’t break your _____________ (承诺), ladies. 24. Lily is nervous about speaking to other people and she thinks___________ (express)herself is hard. 25. All the students were too busy___________(donate) money to the poor to write down their names. 26. 他们当时没有足够的钱来支付上大学的费用。 They_______________________________________________________________________________. 27. 他有足够的耐心向我们解释一切。 He is ___________________________________________________________________ to us. 28. 过去他太害羞了不能清晰地表达他自己。 In the past, he________________________________________________________________ 29. 为什么我们应该在公共场合压低声音? Why should we _____________________________________________________ 30. 那个老师足够友善来给他一个机会实现他的梦想。 The teacher is _____________________________________________________ his dream. 31. Kitty 忙于工作，没时间照顾她的孩子们。 Kitty was ________________________________________________________________. 答案： 1-18 BDCAC DCCCB BCCCC ABD 19. further; 20. discussions; 21. discussion; 22. loudly; 23. promises 24. expressing; 25. donating 26. They didn’t have enough money to pay for the cost of college at that time. 27. patient enough to explain everything 28. was too shy to express himself clearly. 29. keep our voice down in public? 30. kind enough to give him a chance to realize 31. too busy working to look after her child Integration 一、词汇： 单词 词性 词义 文中短语 语言点 respectfully adv. 尊敬地 wait for Master Cheng respectfully 词性转换：respect n.&v. 尊敬 respectful adj. 恭敬的，表示敬意的 respectable adj. 体面的，值得尊敬的 move vt. (使)感动，打动 He was moved to see the two students waiting in the deep snow. 句型： move sb. 使某人感动，打动某人 词性转换：moved adj. 感到感动的 moving adj. 令人感动的 earphone n. 耳机 without wearing earphones 注意复数 circle n. 圆圈 sit in a circle 注意复数 其他词性：v. 转圈，环行；圈出…… tip n. 小费 leave a tip 注意复数 其他词义：提示，尖端 其他词性：vt. 给小费 peaceful adj. 安静的，平静的 It is usually very peaceful inside. 词性转换：peace n. 和平 副词：peacefully adv. 安宁地 impolite adj. 失礼的，粗鲁的 This is quite impolite because it will trouble other. polite adj. 礼貌的 politely adv. 礼貌地 impolitely adv. 不礼貌地 hug n.,vt.&vi. 拥抱 greet one another with a big hug 名词注意复数 动词变形：hugged-hugged; hugging kiss n.,vt.&vi. 亲吻 greet relatives or close friends with a kiss 名词注意复数 quietly adv. 安静地；平静地 Eat quietly with your mouth closed. 词性转换：quiet adj.&n. 安静 rush vt.&vi. 急促；仓促行事；冲 Do not rush your meal unless you have to leave in a hurry. rush to sp. 急速前往某地 rush sb. to sp. 急忙送某人去某地 rush to do 匆忙去做某事 unless conj. 除非 引导条件状语从句，时态为主将从现 相当于if从句的否定：unless=if...not.. tasty adj. 美味的，可口的 Say how tasty the food is. 比较级：tastier 词性转换：taste n. 味道 vt. 品尝 linking v. 尝起来 二、句型： 1. On a cold winter day, two students paid a visit to Master Cheng, a well-known teacher in the Song Dynasty. 在一个寒冷的冬日，两名学生拜访了宋代著名教师程颢。 短语：拜访 pay a visit to...=visit a well-known teacher in the Song Dynasty是同位语，说明Master Cheng的身份 well-known adj. 著名的 be well-known for.... 因……而出名 be well-known as.... 作为……而出名 be best known for... 因……而最为出名 be best known as... 作为……而最为出名 2. The two students were too polite to wake him up, so they waited outside the house patiently. 这两名学生出于礼貌，没有叫醒他，而是在屋外耐心等待。 叫醒某人 wake sb. up (名词可放中间或后面，代词必须放中间) 3. While they were waiting, it began to snow and the snow was getting harder and heavier. 在他们等待的过程中，天开始下雪，雪越下越大，越来越密。 get表示变得是系动词，后面加形容词。 雪下得大：snow hard=snow heavily 4. Don't touch the artwork if it is not allowed. 未经允许，不能触碰艺术品。 be allowed 被允许，这是被动语态的形式。由于allow是及物动词，后面没有宾语，所以要用被动语态。 be allowed to do 被允许做某事 5. Chinese people like to sit in a circle in a restaurant because it is easy for big groups to talk and reach the dishes in the middle. 中国人喜欢在餐厅围坐成一圈，因为这样便于大伙儿聊天，也便于够到中间的菜。 短语：sit in a circle 围坐成一圈(注意以……的形状，介词用in) 6. Chinese people like talking when having meals with family and friends, but it is best not to talk with food in the mouth. 中国人喜欢在和家人朋友一起吃饭时聊天，但最好不要在嘴里含着食物时说话。 短语：talk with food in the mouth 嘴里含着食物时说话 7. The rules in Chinese museums are very similar to those in the UK. 中国博物馆的规则与英国的非常相似。 短语：be similar to 与……相似 those指代rules，但是属于同类不同物，前面是中国博物馆的规则，后面是英国博物馆的，又因rules是复数，所以用those。 8. Amy said this made it easy for big groups to talk and reach food in the middle. 艾米说，这样可以让一大群人更容易交谈，也能更容易在中间拿到食物。 句型：make it adj. for sb. to do 使得做某事对某人来说怎么样 同类句型：find/think/feel/consider it adj. for sb. to do 发现/认为/觉得/认为做某事对某人来说怎么样 9. Chinese people sometimes greet each other by shaking hands, but British people like to greet one another with a big hug, and sometimes we greet relatives or close friends with a kiss. 中国人有时会通过握手来互相问候，但英国人则喜欢以一个大大的拥抱来互相问候，有时我们还会亲吻亲戚或亲密的朋友以示问候。 短语：用……来和某人打招呼：greet sb. by doing greet sb. with sth. each other=one another 彼此，互相 each other多用于两者，one another多用于三者以及上 shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 单词：close adj. 近的，亲密的 close adv. 近地 closely adv. 密切地 10. Good to know. 口语中常用表达。用于表达对信息的认可或感谢。 11. In India, you do not need to thank a friend for making you dinner. Instead, you show your thanks by inviting them to dinner next time. 在印度，你无需为朋友为你做的晚餐表示感谢。相反，你可以通过邀请他们下次共进晚餐来表达你的谢意。 句型：thank sb. for doing/sth. 因……而感谢某人，感谢某人做某事 invite sb. to dinner 邀请某人共进晚餐 invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某地 instead放在句首表示相反，取而代之的是。前一句往往是否定句。可作为信息还原依据。 12. You said it! 说得对！ 13. When you are about to leave, say thank you. 当你要离开时，说一声谢谢。 句型：be about to do 即将做某事 拓展：be about to do when... 正当某人要做某事时突然…… I was about to leave when it began to rain. 正当我要离开时，突然下雨了。 14. We should follow these rules to make sure that both guests and hosts are comfortable at the table. 我们应该遵守这些规则，以确保客人在餐桌上感到舒适，主人也同样如此。 句型：make sure that... 确保…… make sure of sth. 确保某物 make sure to do 确保做某事 短语：at the table （坐）在餐桌边 15. Firstly, when you are sitting at the table, you should not start eating until everyone is ready. 首先，当你坐在餐桌前时，要等到大家都准备好了之后你才可以开始吃东西。 句型：not...until... 直到……才……，跟非延续性动词start共用，回答when和how soon。 【巩固练习】 1. Some problems of living in the sea are similar to ____ of living in outer space. A. this B. that C. these D. those 2. You must keep your eyes ___________ when you do eye exercises. A. closed B. open C. close D. opened 3. We didn't start our discussion ___________ everybody arrived. A. since B. if C. while D. until 4. We should look over our work to ___________ there are no mistakes A. make sure B. find out C. look for D. get ready 5. The two kinds of tea look ___________, but in fact they are not the ___________. A. similar; same B. same; same C. similar; similar D. same; similar 6. After working __________ with each other for months, they felt so_________to each other that they began to share lunch together. A. closely, closely B. closely, close C. close, close D. close, closely 7. Many students didn't realize the importance of study__________ they left school. A.when B.after C.as D. until 8. ---______________will the meeting last? ---______________ we reach an agreement. A. How long; Not until B.When; Not until C. How long; Until D. When; Until 9. Tom sat_________ to his mother with his eyes half _______ A. closed; opened B. close; open C. closely; opening D. close; opened 10. Andy won't watch TV ____________ his homework. A. until he finishes B. after he finishes C. until he will finish D. after he will finish 11. Would you please keep the window _________ to you _________ . It's so cold outside. A. close; close B. close; closed C. closely; close D. closely; closed 12. ---Why did he go back to the classroom? ---________all the lights have been turned off. A. Make sure B. To make sure C. Making sure D. Made sure 13. ---We can’t carry _________ with us while traveling. ---You're right. But you'll get lost in a strange city _________ you take a map. A. anything; if B. anything; unless C. everything; if D. everything; unless 14. _________ the capital of China, Beijing ____________ the Great Wall. A. Though, has a gift for B. As, is best known as C. Though, is famous by D. As, is well known for 15. I consider her as one of my__________________(亲密的friends. 16. Look, there is a sign saying “No ___________ (冲，奔) here.” 17. How ____________ (peace) the pandas are lying on the big stone! They are enjoying the sunshine. 18. He __________ (shake) my hand and let me into the dining hall the next day. 19. 确保我们已经给需要的人提供支持了。 _________________ that we _________________________ for the people in need. 20. 特奥会包括类似于奥运会的许多项目。 The Special Olympic World Games _____________________________ in the Olympic Games. 21. 用这种方式问候别人多么有礼貌啊！ How____________________________________________________________________ 22. 首要的是，吃饭时不要发出太多噪音。 ______________________, don't___________________________________ while eating. 23. 英国人只和亲戚或亲密的朋友用亲吻打招呼 British people only ___________________________________________________________. 24. 上周，不允许游客在博物馆拍照。 The tourists __________________________________________________ in the museum last week. 25. Ellie家有个家庭影院，她经常邀请她的朋友去看电影。 ____________________________ at Ellie's home and she __________________________________. 答案： DADAA BDCBA BBDD 15. closest; 16. rushing; 17. peacefully 18. shook 19. Make sure; have provided support 20. includes many events similar to those 21. polite it is to greet others in this way！ 22. Above all; make too much noise 23. greet relatives or close friends with a kiss 24. weren’t allowed to take photos 25. There is a home cinema; often invites her friends to watch films. 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $