2026届高考英语动词时态和语态专项练习（北京专用）

2026届高考英语动词时态和语态专项练习（北京专用） 请根据括号的词汇提示，将该词汇的正确形式填到下划线处。 1. Today, although the resource ___ (limit) to scaffolding (脚手架 — a temporary structure used to support workers during construction) or remote housing projects, advocates have recently campaigned for its usage in modern construction.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 2. In a new study published in the science journal Chaos, researchers ___ (play) classical music for fetuses (胎儿 — unborn babies) using headphones on the mothers' stomachs.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 3. After I ___ (make) the delivery order on my phone, the app noted that it would arrive at 2:03 p.m., and that was exactly when it came.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 4. A popular fried chicken vendor known online as "Chicken Chop Brother" from Jingdezhen posted a video on Wednesday thanking visitors from across China who ___ (travel) to his hometown to try his chicken cutlets recently.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 5. Virtually, everyone ___ (have) this experience: After a long, hard day, you lie in bed at night but just can't fall asleep.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 6. On October 1, Jane Goodall passed away naturally at the age of 91; she was famous for being the first to observe chimpanzees use tools to catch termites (白蚁) in Tanzania, and from 1985 onwards, she ___ (campaign) tirelessly to protect chimpanzees' habitats.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 7. So far, research ___ (show) our mental states directly influence our emotions, so focusing on positive energy helps us foster a general sense of well-being.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 8. The fossils ___ (discover) in Mongolia in 2019, and they include a complete skull (头骨) whose dome was fully grown, suggesting that the creatures likely practised head-hitting before maturity (成熟).（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 9. City centres are home to many bird species, but in recent decades, noise pollution ___ (begin) to pose a real threat to their survival.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 10. Some species have started to sing at night, where noise levels are lower, and some birds are producing more higher-tone notes as usually lower ones ___ (cover) easily.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 11. Qian Xuesen was experienced in rocketry and ___ (make) great contributions to his field; he played a key role in China's missile (导弹) and aviation (航空) programmes, helping fast-track the development by decades.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 12. The fully upgraded 2025 version of the classic dance drama Legend on the Silk Road ___ (perform) during the 8th Silk Road (Dunhuang) International Cultural Expo (博览会) on Sept 20 at the Dunhuang Grand Theater (敦煌大剧院).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 13. Up to now, with his expertise in science, perseverance (毅力), integrity (正直), and innovation (创新), he ___ (motivate) generations of scientific researchers to devote themselves to national development.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 14. Second-hand products have become popular in recent years, and many shoppers have noticed a rise in second-hand stores which offer an increasingly diverse range of products; what drives young people to visit these stores today is simple, and price remains the primary consideration for many consumers who ___ (seek) well-maintained products at relatively affordable prices.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 15. In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city whose heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms (三国) and the enduring legacy of tea — and they explored the thousand-year-old relics ___ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 16. Logic ___ (revolutionize) around the turn of the 20th century by the application of new mathematical techniques, and most recently, over the last fifty years, it ___ (find) new and important roles in computation (计算) and information processing.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 17. Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations ___ (drop) 71 percent, largely due to increased fishing pressure (捕捞压力).（2026北京顺义高三（上）期末英语） 18. My understanding of friendship was transformed in 2024 when I met Sam; we were both new to Middle School, each carrying the various anxieties (焦虑) of facing a new environment, and the seeds of our friendship ___ (sow) (播种) in that simple initial encounter.（2026北京顺义高三（上）期末英语） 19. Heroes are often imagined as people with superpowers or grand achievements, yet real heroism often comes from ordinary people who ___ (choose) to help others even when it's not easy.（2026北京通州高三（上）期末英语） 20. A slow train in Southwest China featuring its own study room recently ___ (attract) much attention from netizens (网民); originally, the train ___ (design) to connect the villages in rural areas (农村地区), but now it serves as a "school bus" for children from nearby schools.（2026北京通州高三（上）期末英语） 21. Of all my Sports Day memories, the most touching unfolded that evening; after completing the 10km run, I received two roses but accidentally left them behind until sunset, and when I found them lifeless, my heart ___ (sink).（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 22. For years, public health campaigns have relied on the "exercise is medicine" statement ___ (encourage) physical activity, but some researchers argue health reasons aren't necessarily what ___ (motivate) people to get off the couch.（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 23. China has made comprehensive efforts to promote green agriculture, integrating eco-friendly (环保的) practices with modern farming to ensure food security (粮食安全) while ___ (protect) the environment; now rural solar projects (太阳能项目) power farms and homes, and high-standard green farmland ___ (cover) millions of square kilometers.（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 24. Pierre Lemieux and Emily Cote, the couple behind the "Library on Wheels", ___ (give up) their urban careers to pursue a dream born from a weekend trip to a remote village (偏远村庄) where they met a 10-year-old boy who'd never owned a book of his own.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 25. Since launching (启动) in September 2024, the "Library on Wheels" has visited 12 communities (社区), and residents can borrow books for free or join monthly book clubs that ___ (help) people connect with each other through reading.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 26. When Lina heard a loud crash (撞击声) and walked to the front of her house, she saw a small crowd outside, and approaching the crowd, she found a boy lying in a pool of blood who was still conscious (有意识的) and able to ___ (respond) (回应).（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 27. Lina had first aid training (急救培训) and knew time was critical (关键的), so she called for help but didn't wait; she grabbed a thick towel (毛巾) from her bag and ___ (press) it firmly against the boy's wounds (伤口) to stop the bleeding.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 28. Yesterday I was flying home after a week away; we ___ (board) (登机) our flight and left on time, but when we reached the destination (目的地), we were told the pilots were flying us to a smaller airport because of bad weather.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 29. Soon, my row was joined by a 20-something woman in the middle who ___ (strike up) (主动开启) a conversation and said that she felt worried because she had a tight connecting flight (转机航班).（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 30. The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that ___ (make) growing fresh, organic vegetables (有机蔬菜) simple all year round; with no need for sunlight or soil, users just add water and nutrients, and the system's autonomous features (自主功能) ___ (take care of) the rest.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 31. When we adopted Eti, a spotted Dalmatian (斑点大麦町犬), it was rough at first because although she ___ (be) a sweet, loving dog with us, she was highly reactive (反应强烈的) to anything else that moved — people, dogs, cats, etc.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 32. Over time, I ___ (come to) appreciate the wisdom of the trainer's words that "you don't get the dog you want; you get the dog you need".（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 33. Barbara Huber, an archaeochemist (考古化学家) from Germany, says new chemical and biomolecular (生物分子) methods in archaeology (考古学) ___ (reopen) the door to study ancient scents (气味) that had disappeared before archaeologists could come and study the sites.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 34. In one case study, Huber and her team ___ (look at) the content of incense burners (香料炉) and found Peganum (骆驼蓬 — a medicinal and psychoactive plant) that people actually used for medicinal (药用的) or psychoactive (精神活性的) purposes.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 35. Nearly 2 million years ago, a human ancestor died in what is now Swartkrans (斯瓦特克朗斯 — 南非古人类遗址), South Africa, and the fossilised remains (化石遗迹) ___ (leave) no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 36. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call "invisible rivalry" — the ability to hide selfish (自私的), competitive (竞争的) intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative (合作的) nature — and we ___ (evolve) (进化) to compete in a cooperative world.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 37. Just like cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems (免疫系统), some individuals ___ (use) their intelligence to destabilize (破坏稳定) the group's social norms (社会规范) for their own benefit.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 38. When Andre Rouhani and Gabriela Reyes toured (参观) Culdesac Tempe last year, the place ___ (look) pretty sweet with pleasant walkways (人行道), unique shops (特色商店), and low white buildings.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 39. Culdesac Tempe ___ (model) (以……为蓝本) on towns in Italy and Greece, and it is what its developer (开发商), Ryan Johnson, calls the country's first neighborhood purposely built to be car-free (无车的).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 40. Culdesac's buildings ___ (design) for the desert climate (沙漠气候), painted bright white to reflect heat (反射热量), and without the need for residential parking (居民停车区), its architects ___ (arrange) buildings to maximize shade (最大化遮荫).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 41. Living in a place without cars means the pace ___ (be) slower, with more opportunity for connection, and in the days after their daughter was born, three neighbours ___ (bring) a meal, dropped off cookies or offered to go buy them groceries (杂货).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 42. The Sinkut fire lookout (火警瞭望塔) ___ (build) in 1927, and British Columbia used to have 300 active lookouts across the province, but because of technological advancements (技术进步), active fire lookouts ___ (disappear) gradually.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 43. Vanderlinde's life on the lookout during fire season typically ___ (run) 14 days at a time, and during that fire-watching fortnight (两星期), he ___ (leave) his home in downtown (市中心) and work and live at the lookout.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 44. One night several years ago, Vanderlinde ___ (smell) the ozone (臭氧) produced by lightning (闪电), and he quickly looked around and saw a flash from the corner of his eye as the lower part of Sinkut Mountain ___ (strike) by lightning during a storm (暴风雨).（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 45. A chatbot might not break a sweat (费力) every time you ask it to make your shopping list or tell jokes, but over time, the planet ___ (suffer) from the high energy consumption (能源消耗) of large language models (大型语言模型).（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 46. During training, a large language model ___ (digest) (处理数据) vast datasets (数据集) and adjusts its internal parameters (内部参数) accordingly, which can take weeks and ___ (burn) an enormous (巨大的) amount of energy.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 47. The environmental impact of a single query (查询指令) ___ (vary) dramatically depending on which data center it's routed (路由) to, which energy network (能源网络) ___ (power) the data center and even the time of day.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 48. Tina and Mike McCasland ___ (meet) their newborn (新生儿) son Cody just minutes before they ___ (tell) that their baby boy was born prematurely (早产地) with a rare birth condition (罕见出生缺陷).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 49. Cody ___ (grow) stronger in the following months and ___ (make) it through a double leg amputation (双腿截肢) at just over a year old, and after his physical therapy (物理治疗), he began walking with his first prosthesis (假肢).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 50. From a young age, Cody ___ (take up) racing (开始从事赛车运动) thanks to the incredible help and generosity (慷慨) of a local children's hospital, which ___ (provide) him with expensive prosthetics (假肢) at no cost to his family.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 51. At almost 18 years old, Cody ___ (continue) to beat the odds (克服困难) while his dreams ___ (reach) even further, and he competed in various athletic events (体育赛事) around the country and hoped to swim in the Paralympics (残奥会).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 52. Although research into resistance training (力量训练) ___ (still catch up) to that on aerobic exercise (有氧运动), there's growing evidence that muscle-strengthening routines ___ (provide) a host of physical and cognitive advantages (认知优势).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 53. In 2022, an analysis of several studies ___ (find) that muscle-strengthening exercises were associated with a 10 to 17 percent lower risk of all-cause mortality (全因死亡率) than those who didn't do them.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 54. We ___ (lose) 3 to 8 percent of our muscle mass (肌肉量) every decade after the age of 30 and more after age 60, but muscle strengthening ___ (allow) us to push back against the aging process (衰老过程) and build lean body mass (瘦体重).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 55. Any form of resistance training ___ (do) — pulling on strong elastic bands (弹力带), push-ups (俯卧撑), free weights (自由重量器械) or weight machines — so long as it ___ (put) strain (压力) on your muscles.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高考英语动词时态和语态专项练习（北京专用） 请根据括号的词汇提示，将该词汇的正确形式填到下划线处。 1. Today, although the resource ___ (limit) to scaffolding (脚手架 — a temporary structure used to support workers during construction) or remote housing projects, advocates have recently campaigned for its usage in modern construction.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】is limited 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语the resource与limit为被动关系，结合today可知描述当前状态，故用一般现在时被动语态。 【句子翻译】如今，尽管这种资源仅被用于脚手架或偏远地区的住房项目，但倡导者最近已发起运动，呼吁将其应用于现代建筑中。 2. In a new study published in the science journal Chaos, researchers ___ (play) classical music for fetuses (胎儿 — unborn babies) using headphones on the mothers' stomachs.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】played 【解析】考查一般过去时。研究已发表，“播放音乐”是过去发生的动作，故用一般过去时。 【句子翻译】在《混沌》科学期刊上发表的一项新研究中，研究人员通过母亲腹部的耳机为胎儿播放古典音乐。 3. After I ___ (make) the delivery order on my phone, the app noted that it would arrive at 2:03 p.m., and that was exactly when it came.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】had made/made 【解析】考查过去完成时或一般过去时。“下单”发生在“应用程序提示”之前，可用过去完成时表先后；口语中也可直接用一般过去时表连续动作，均符合语境。 【句子翻译】我在手机上下单后，应用程序显示会在下午2点03分送达，而它确实准时送到了。 4. A popular fried chicken vendor known online as "Chicken Chop Brother" from Jingdezhen posted a video on Wednesday thanking visitors from across China who ___ (travel) to his hometown to try his chicken cutlets recently.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】had traveled 【解析】考查过去完成时。主句谓语 posted 为一般过去时，定语从句中的动作“旅行” 发生在 “发帖”这一过去动作之前，表示“过去的过去”，且 recently 在此语境中指“在发帖之前的最近一段时间”，故应使用过去完成时 had traveled 以明确时间先后关系。 【句子翻译】景德镇一位网名为“鸡排哥”的热门炸鸡摊主周三发布视频，感谢全国各地最近专程来家乡品尝他鸡排的游客。 5. Virtually, everyone ___ (have) this experience: After a long, hard day, you lie in bed at night but just can't fall asleep.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】has/has had 【解析】考查一般现在时或现在完成时。描述普遍存在的经历，用一般现在时；强调“至今为止有过”，也可用现在完成时，均符合语境。 【句子翻译】几乎每个人都有过这样的经历：漫长辛苦的一天过后，你夜里躺在床上却怎么也睡不着。 6. On October 1, Jane Goodall passed away naturally at the age of 91; she was famous for being the first to observe chimpanzees use tools to catch termites (白蚁) in Tanzania, and from 1985 onwards, she ___ (campaign) tirelessly to protect chimpanzees' habitats.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】campaigned 【解析】考查一般过去时。from 1985 onwards结合语境可知，“奔走宣传”是过去持续的动作，且Jane Goodall已去世，故用一般过去时。 【句子翻译】10月1日，简·古道尔自然离世，享年91岁；她因成为首位在坦桑尼亚观察到黑猩猩使用工具捕捉白蚁的人而闻名，且从1985年起，她就不知疲倦地为保护黑猩猩的栖息地奔走。 7. So far, research ___ (show) our mental states directly influence our emotions, so focusing on positive energy helps us foster a general sense of well-being.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】has shown 【解析】考查现在完成时。时间状语so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语research为单数，故用has shown。 【句子翻译】到目前为止，研究表明我们的心理状态会直接影响情绪，因此专注于正能量有助于我们培养整体的幸福感。 8. The fossils ___ (discover) in Mongolia in 2019, and they include a complete skull (头骨) whose dome was fully grown, suggesting that the creatures likely practised head-hitting before maturity (成熟).（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】were discovered 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。时间状语in 2019为过去时间点，fossils与discover为被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态。 【句子翻译】这些化石于2019年在蒙古被发现，其中包括一个完整的头骨，其顶部已完全发育，这表明这种生物可能在成熟前就有撞击头部的行为。 9. City centres are home to many bird species, but in recent decades, noise pollution ___ (begin) to pose a real threat to their survival.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】has begun 【解析】考查现在完成时。时间状语in recent decades（近几十年来）是现在完成时的标志，故用has begun。 【句子翻译】市中心是许多鸟类的栖息地，但近几十年来，噪音污染已开始对它们的生存构成真正的威胁。 10. Some species have started to sing at night, where noise levels are lower, and some birds are producing more higher-tone notes as usually lower ones ___ (cover) easily.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】are covered 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。描述客观现象，lower ones与cover为被动关系，故用一般现在时被动语态。 【句子翻译】一些物种开始在夜间鸣叫，因为夜间噪音水平更低，而一些鸟类正在发出更多高音调的叫声，因为通常的低音调容易被（噪音）掩盖。 11. Qian Xuesen was experienced in rocketry and ___ (make) great contributions to his field; he played a key role in China's missile (导弹) and aviation (航空) programmes, helping fast-track the development by decades.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】made 【解析】考查一般过去时。and连接并列谓语，前文was为一般过去时，故make也用一般过去时made。 【句子翻译】钱学森在火箭领域经验丰富，为该领域做出了巨大贡献；他在中国的导弹和航空项目中发挥了关键作用，使发展进程加快了数十年。 12. The fully upgraded 2025 version of the classic dance drama Legend on the Silk Road ___ (perform) during the 8th Silk Road (Dunhuang) International Cultural Expo (博览会) on Sept 20 at the Dunhuang Grand Theater (敦煌大剧院).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】was performed 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。时间状语on Sept 20为过去时间点，dance drama与perform为被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态。 【句子翻译】经典舞剧《丝路传奇》2025年全新升级版于9月20日在敦煌大剧院举办的第八届丝绸之路（敦煌）国际文化博览会上演出。 13. Up to now, with his expertise in science, perseverance (毅力), integrity (正直), and innovation (创新), he ___ (motivate) generations of scientific researchers to devote themselves to national development.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】has motivated 【解析】考查现在完成时。时间状语up to now（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语he为单数，故用has motivated。 【句子翻译】到目前为止，凭借他在科学领域的专业知识、毅力、正直和创新精神，他激励了一代又一代科研人员投身国家发展。 14. Second-hand products have become popular in recent years, and many shoppers have noticed a rise in second-hand stores which offer an increasingly diverse range of products; what drives young people to visit these stores today is simple, and price remains the primary consideration for many consumers who ___ (seek) well-maintained products at relatively affordable prices.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】seek 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述当前的消费趋势，consumers为复数，故用动词原形seek。 【句子翻译】近年来二手产品变得流行，许多购物者注意到二手商店数量增多，提供的产品种类也日益丰富；如今吸引年轻人光顾这些商店的原因很简单，对于许多寻求性价比高且保养良好产品的消费者来说，价格仍然是首要考虑因素。 15. In the early winter of southern Hubei, more than a dozen Belt and Road media representatives from different countries arrived in Chibi — an ancient city whose heritage includes both the battlefield memories of the Three Kingdoms (三国) and the enduring legacy of tea — and they explored the thousand-year-old relics ___ (preserve) from the Three Kingdoms battlefield.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】preserved 【解析】考查非谓语动词。relics与preserve为被动关系，用过去分词作定语，表“被保存的遗迹”。 【句子翻译】初冬时节，十余位来自不同国家的“一带一路”媒体代表抵达赤壁——这座古城的遗产既包括三国战场的记忆，也包括源远流长的茶文化——他们探寻了三国战场遗留下来的千年遗迹。 16. Logic ___ (revolutionize) around the turn of the 20th century by the application of new mathematical techniques, and most recently, over the last fifty years, it ___ (find) new and important roles in computation (计算) and information processing.（2026北京海淀高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】was revolutionized; has found 【解析】around the turn of the 20th century为过去时间，Logic与revolutionize为被动关系；over the last fifty years为现在完成时标志，故分别填was revolutionized和has found。 【句子翻译】20世纪初，新数学技术的应用彻底改变了逻辑学，而最近五十年来，它在计算和信息处理领域找到了新的重要作用。 17. Over the last half century, shark and ray (鳐) populations ___ (drop) 71 percent, largely due to increased fishing pressure (捕捞压力).（2026北京顺义高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】have dropped 【解析】考查现在完成时。时间状语over the last half century（过去半个世纪以来）是现在完成时的标志，故用has dropped。 【句子翻译】过去半个世纪以来，鲨鱼和鳐鱼的数量下降了71%，这主要是由于捕捞压力的增加。 18. My understanding of friendship was transformed in 2024 when I met Sam; we were both new to Middle School, each carrying the various anxieties (焦虑) of facing a new environment, and the seeds of our friendship ___ (sow) (播种) in that simple initial encounter.（2026北京顺义高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】were sown/sowed 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态或一般过去时。seeds与sow为被动关系，用were sown；sow的过去式和过去分词可同形为sowed，故也可填sowed，均符合语境。 【句子翻译】2024年遇见山姆后，我对友谊的理解发生了改变；我们都是刚上初中的新生，都带着面对新环境的种种焦虑，而我们友谊的种子就在那次简单的初次相遇中悄然播种。 19. Heroes are often imagined as people with superpowers or grand achievements, yet real heroism often comes from ordinary people who ___ (choose) to help others even when it's not easy.（2026北京通州高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】choose 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述普遍真理，who指代ordinary people，为复数，故用动词原形choose。 【句子翻译】英雄通常被想象成拥有超能力或辉煌成就的人，但真正的英雄主义往往来自那些即使在不易的情况下仍选择帮助他人的普通人。 20. A slow train in Southwest China featuring its own study room recently ___ (attract) much attention from netizens (网民); originally, the train ___ (design) to connect the villages in rural areas (农村地区), but now it serves as a "school bus" for children from nearby schools.（2026北京通州高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】has attracted; was designed 【解析】recently为现在完成时标志；originally表过去，train与design为被动关系，故分别填has attracted和was designed。 【句子翻译】中国西南地区一列设有专属自习室的慢火车最近吸引了网民的广泛关注；这列火车最初被设计用于连接农村地区的村庄，但现在它成了附近学校孩子们的“校车”。 21. Of all my Sports Day memories, the most touching unfolded that evening; after completing the 10km run, I received two roses but accidentally left them behind until sunset, and when I found them lifeless, my heart ___ (sink).（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】sank 【解析】考查一般过去时。描述过去发生的动作，sink的过去式为sank，故填sank。 【句子翻译】在我所有的运动会记忆中，最感人的一幕发生在那天晚上；跑完10公里后，我收到了两朵玫瑰，却不小心遗落了，直到日落才找回，当发现它们已经枯萎时，我的心一沉。 22. For years, public health campaigns have relied on the "exercise is medicine" statement ___ (encourage) physical activity, but some researchers argue health reasons aren't necessarily what ___ (motivate) people to get off the couch.（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】to encourage; motivates 【解析】不定式to encourage表目的；what指代health reasons，视为单数，故用motivates。 【句子翻译】多年来，公共健康运动一直以“运动即良药”为口号鼓励人们进行体育锻炼，但一些研究人员认为，健康原因未必是促使人们起身运动的动力。 23. China has made comprehensive efforts to promote green agriculture, integrating eco-friendly (环保的) practices with modern farming to ensure food security (粮食安全) while ___ (protect) the environment; now rural solar projects (太阳能项目) power farms and homes, and high-standard green farmland ___ (cover) millions of square kilometers.（2026北京西城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】protecting; covers 【解析】while后省略主语和be动词，China与protect为主动关系，用现在分词protecting；farmland为单数，故用covers。 【句子翻译】中国已全力推动绿色农业发展，将环保实践与现代农业相结合，在保障粮食安全的同时保护环境；如今，农村太阳能项目为农场和家庭供电，高标准绿色农田已覆盖数百万平方公里。 24. Pierre Lemieux and Emily Cote, the couple behind the "Library on Wheels", ___ (give up) their urban careers to pursue a dream born from a weekend trip to a remote village (偏远村庄) where they met a 10-year-old boy who'd never owned a book of his own.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】gave up 【解析】考查一般过去时。“放弃城市工作”是过去发生的动作，结合后文时态，故用gave up。 【句子翻译】“车轮图书馆”的创办者皮埃尔·勒米厄和埃米莉·科特夫妇放弃了城市工作，去追寻一个源于周末偏远村庄之旅的梦想——在那里，他们遇到了一个从未拥有过属于自己的书的10岁男孩。 25. Since launching (启动) in September 2024, the "Library on Wheels" has visited 12 communities (社区), and residents can borrow books for free or join monthly book clubs that ___ (help) people connect with each other through reading.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】help 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述俱乐部的常规功能，book clubs为复数，故用动词原形help。 【句子翻译】自2024年9月启动以来，“车轮图书馆”已走访了12个社区，居民可免费借书，也可加入每月的读书俱乐部，这些俱乐部通过阅读帮助人们相互联系。 26. When Lina heard a loud crash (撞击声) and walked to the front of her house, she saw a small crowd outside, and approaching the crowd, she found a boy lying in a pool of blood who was still conscious (有意识的) and able to ___ (respond) (回应).（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】respond 【解析】考查情态动词+动词原形。be able to后接动词原形，故填respond。 【句子翻译】一天晚上，莉娜坐在花园里时听到一声巨响，起初她以为是家里有东西掉了，但走到前门时，她看到外面有一小群人；走近人群后，她发现一个男孩躺在血泊中，仍有意识且能够回应。 27. Lina had first aid training (急救培训) and knew time was critical (关键的), so she called for help but didn't wait; she grabbed a thick towel (毛巾) from her bag and ___ (press) it firmly against the boy's wounds (伤口) to stop the bleeding.（2026北京石景山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】pressed 【解析】考查一般过去时。and连接并列谓语，grabbed为一般过去时，故press也用一般过去时pressed。 【句子翻译】莉娜接受过急救培训，知道时间至关重要，于是她呼救但没有等待；她从包里拿出一条厚毛巾，紧紧按压在男孩的伤口上止血。 28. Yesterday I was flying home after a week away; we ___ (board) (登机) our flight and left on time, but when we reached the destination (目的地), we were told the pilots were flying us to a smaller airport because of bad weather.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】boarded 【解析】考查一般过去时。yesterday为过去时间，“登机”是过去发生的动作，故用boarded。 【句子翻译】昨天，我在外出一周后乘飞机回家；我们按时登机出发，但到达目的地时，却被告知由于天气恶劣，飞行员要把我们送往一个更小的机场。 29. Soon, my row was joined by a 20-something woman in the middle who ___ (strike up) (主动开启) a conversation and said that she felt worried because she had a tight connecting flight (转机航班).（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】struck up 【解析】考查一般过去时。and连接并列谓语，said为一般过去时，故strike up也用一般过去时struck up。 【句子翻译】很快，一位20多岁的女士坐在了我旁边的中间位置，她主动开启了对话，说自己很担心，因为她有一个时间紧张的转机航班。 30. The Plantaform Indoor Garden is a 26-inch-tall egg-shaped smart garden that ___ (make) growing fresh, organic vegetables (有机蔬菜) simple all year round; with no need for sunlight or soil, users just add water and nutrients, and the system's autonomous features (自主功能) ___ (take care of) the rest.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】makes; take care of 【解析】that指代smart garden，为单数，故用makes；features为复数，故用take care of。 【句子翻译】Plantaform室内智能花园是一款26英寸高的蛋形智能园艺设备，它让全年种植新鲜有机蔬菜变得简单；无需阳光和土壤，用户只需添加水和养分，系统的自主功能会处理剩下的一切。 31. When we adopted Eti, a spotted Dalmatian (斑点大麦町犬), it was rough at first because although she ___ (be) a sweet, loving dog with us, she was highly reactive (反应强烈的) to anything else that moved — people, dogs, cats, etc.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】was 【解析】考查一般过去时。描述过去领养时的状态，she为单数，故用was。 【句子翻译】当我们领养斑点大麦町犬埃蒂时，起初日子很艰难，因为尽管她对我们来说是一只温顺可爱的狗，但她对任何移动的东西——人、狗、猫等——都反应强烈。 32. Over time, I ___ (come to) appreciate the wisdom of the trainer's words that "you don't get the dog you want; you get the dog you need".（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】came to 【解析】考查一般过去时。over time结合语境表“随着时间推移（过去）”，故用came to。 【句子翻译】随着时间的推移，我逐渐体会到驯犬师那句话的智慧：“你得到的不是你想要的狗，而是你需要的狗。” 33. Barbara Huber, an archaeochemist (考古化学家) from Germany, says new chemical and biomolecular (生物分子) methods in archaeology (考古学) ___ (reopen) the door to study ancient scents (气味) that had disappeared before archaeologists could come and study the sites.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】have reopened 【解析】考查现在完成时。强调新方法对现在的影响，“重新打开研究之门”的结果持续到现在，故用have reopened。 【句子翻译】德国考古化学家芭芭拉·胡贝尔表示，考古学中的新化学和生物分子方法重新打开了研究古代气味的大门，这些气味在考古学家前来研究遗址之前就已消失。 34. In one case study, Huber and her team ___ (look at) the content of incense burners (香料炉) and found Peganum (骆驼蓬 — a medicinal and psychoactive plant) that people actually used for medicinal (药用的) or psychoactive (精神活性的) purposes.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】looked at 【解析】考查一般过去时。and连接并列谓语，found为一般过去时，故look at也用一般过去时looked at。 【句子翻译】在一项案例研究中，胡贝尔和她的团队研究了香料炉的成分，发现了骆驼蓬——一种药用和精神活性植物，人们实际上将其用于药用或精神活性用途。 35. Nearly 2 million years ago, a human ancestor died in what is now Swartkrans (斯瓦特克朗斯 — 南非古人类遗址), South Africa, and the fossilised remains (化石遗迹) ___ (leave) no doubt that cancer has been a part of our story for a very long time.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】left 【解析】考查一般过去时。Nearly 2 million years ago为过去时间，故用left。 【句子翻译】近200万年前，一位人类祖先在如今南非的斯瓦特克朗斯去世，其化石遗迹毫无疑问地表明，癌症长期以来一直是人类历史的一部分。 36. As a result, visible rivalry (竞争) was replaced by what I call "invisible rivalry" — the ability to hide selfish (自私的), competitive (竞争的) intentions while maintaining the appearance of a cooperative (合作的) nature — and we ___ (evolve) (进化) to compete in a cooperative world.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】have evolved 【解析】考查现在完成时。强调进化对现在的影响，“进化到在合作世界中竞争”是持续到现在的结果，故用have evolved。 【句子翻译】因此，显性竞争被我称为“隐性竞争”的能力所取代——这种能力能隐藏自私、竞争的意图，同时保持合作的表象——而我们已进化到在合作的世界中竞争。 37. Just like cancers find ways to escape from our immune systems (免疫系统), some individuals ___ (use) their intelligence to destabilize (破坏稳定) the group's social norms (社会规范) for their own benefit.（2026北京朝阳高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】use 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述客观现象，individuals为复数，故用动词原形use。 【句子翻译】就像癌症会想方设法逃离我们的免疫系统一样，一些人会利用自己的智慧破坏群体的社会规范以谋取私利。 38. When Andre Rouhani and Gabriela Reyes toured (参观) Culdesac Tempe last year, the place ___ (look) pretty sweet with pleasant walkways (人行道), unique shops (特色商店), and low white buildings.（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】looked 【解析】考查一般过去时。last year为过去时间，故用looked。 【句子翻译】去年，当安德烈·鲁哈尼和加夫列拉·雷耶斯参观坦佩卡尔德萨克时，这个地方看起来十分宜人，有惬意的人行道、特色商店和低矮的白色建筑。 39. Culdesac Tempe ___ (model) (以……为蓝本) on towns in Italy and Greece, and it is what its developer (开发商), Ryan Johnson, calls the country's first neighborhood purposely built to be car-free (无车的).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】is modeled 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。描述当前的设计背景，Culdesac Tempe与model为被动关系，故用is modeled。 【句子翻译】坦佩卡尔德萨克以意大利和希腊的城镇为蓝本，开发商瑞安·约翰逊称其为美国第一个专门打造的无车社区。 40. Culdesac's buildings ___ (design) for the desert climate (沙漠气候), painted bright white to reflect heat (反射热量), and without the need for residential parking (居民停车区), its architects ___ (arrange) buildings to maximize shade (最大化遮荫).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】are designed; arrange 【解析】整个句子其实就是在描述，所以用一般现在时，buildings与design为被动关系；architects为复数，所以用arrange。 【句子翻译】卡尔德萨克的建筑专为沙漠气候设计，漆成亮白色以反射热量，且由于无需居民停车区，建筑师们对建筑进行了布局以最大化遮荫效果。 41. Living in a place without cars means the pace ___ (be) slower, with more opportunity for connection, and in the days after their daughter was born, three neighbours ___ (bring) a meal, dropped off cookies or offered to go buy them groceries (杂货).（2026北京丰台高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】is; brought 【解析】描述无车社区的常规状态；in the days after their daughter was born为过去时间，故分别填is和brought。 【句子翻译】住在无车的地方意味着生活节奏更慢，有更多交流的机会，在他们女儿出生后的几天里，三位邻居送来饭菜、饼干，或主动提出帮他们买杂货。 42. The Sinkut fire lookout (火警瞭望塔) ___ (build) in 1927, and British Columbia used to have 300 active lookouts across the province, but because of technological advancements (技术进步), active fire lookouts ___ (disappear) gradually.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】was built; are disappearing 【解析】in 1927为过去时间，lookout与build为被动关系；gradually表“逐渐发生”，用现在进行时表当前的趋势，故分别填was built和are disappearing。 【句子翻译】辛库特火警瞭望塔建于1927年，不列颠哥伦比亚省曾经在全省拥有300个在用瞭望塔，但由于技术进步，在用火警瞭望塔正逐渐消失。 43. Vanderlinde's life on the lookout during fire season typically ___ (run) 14 days at a time, and during that fire-watching fortnight (两星期), he ___ (leave) his home in downtown (市中心) and work and live at the lookout.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】runs; leaves 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述常规情况，Vanderlinde's life为单数，故用runs；主语he为单数，用leaves。 【句子翻译】范德林德在火灾季的瞭望塔生活通常一次持续14天，在这两周的火情监视期间，他会离开市中心的家，在瞭望塔工作和生活。 44. One night several years ago, Vanderlinde ___ (smell) the ozone (臭氧) produced by lightning (闪电), and he quickly looked around and saw a flash from the corner of his eye as the lower part of Sinkut Mountain ___ (strike) by lightning during a storm (暴风雨).（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】smelt/smelled; was struck 【解析】several years ago为过去时间，smell的过去式为smelt或smelled；mountain与strike为被动关系，故分别填smelt/smelled和was struck。 【句子翻译】几年前的一个晚上，范德林德闻到了闪电产生的臭氧味，他迅速环顾四周，眼角余光看到辛库特山的低处在暴风雨中被闪电击中，闪过一道亮光。 45. A chatbot might not break a sweat (费力) every time you ask it to make your shopping list or tell jokes, but over time, the planet ___ (suffer) from the high energy consumption (能源消耗) of large language models (大型语言模型).（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】might suffer 【解析】考查情态动词+动词原形。前文用might表推测，此处承接前文，用might suffer表“可能会遭受”。 【句子翻译】每次让聊天机器人列购物清单或讲笑话时，它或许都不费吹灰之力，但久而久之，地球可能会因大型语言模型的高能源消耗而受到影响。 46. During training, a large language model ___ (digest) (处理数据) vast datasets (数据集) and adjusts its internal parameters (内部参数) accordingly, which can take weeks and ___ (burn) an enormous (巨大的) amount of energy.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】digests; burns 【解析】model为单数，故用digests；which指代前文整个过程，视为单数，用burns。 【句子翻译】在训练过程中，大型语言模型会处理海量数据集，并相应调整内部参数，这个过程可能需要数周时间，且会消耗巨额能源。 47. The environmental impact of a single query (查询指令) ___ (vary) dramatically depending on which data center it's routed (路由) to, which energy network (能源网络) ___ (power) the data center and even the time of day.（2026北京东城高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】varies; powers 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述客观规律，impact和energy network均为单数，故分别填varies和powers。 【句子翻译】单个查询指令对环境的影响差异巨大，这取决于它被路由到哪个数据中心、该数据中心由哪个能源网络供电，甚至还与一天中的时间有关。 48. Tina and Mike McCasland ___ (meet) their newborn (新生儿) son Cody just minutes before they ___ (tell) that their baby boy was born prematurely (早产地) with a rare birth condition (罕见出生缺陷).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】met; were told 【解析】just minutes before为过去时间，故用met；they与tell为被动关系，故用were told。 【句子翻译】蒂娜和迈克·麦卡斯兰在见到他们的新生儿儿子科迪几分钟后，就被告知这个男婴早产，患有罕见的出生缺陷。 49. Cody ___ (grow) stronger in the following months and ___ (make) it through a double leg amputation (双腿截肢) at just over a year old, and after his physical therapy (物理治疗), he began walking with his first prosthesis (假肢).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】grew; made 【解析】考查一般过去时。in the following months结合语境表“过去的接下来几个月”，and连接并列谓语，故分别填grew和made。 【句子翻译】在接下来的几个月里，科迪逐渐变强，在一岁多一点时成功接受了双腿截肢手术，经过物理治疗后，他开始用第一副假肢走路。 50. From a young age, Cody ___ (take up) racing (开始从事赛车运动) thanks to the incredible help and generosity (慷慨) of a local children's hospital, which ___ (provide) him with expensive prosthetics (假肢) at no cost to his family.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】took up; provided 【解析】考查一般过去时。from a young age结合语境表“过去的年少时”，which指代hospital，为单数，故分别填took up和provided。 【句子翻译】由于当地一家儿童医院的大力帮助和慷慨援助，科迪从小就开始从事赛车运动，医院为他提供了昂贵的假肢，且不向他的家庭收取任何费用。 51. At almost 18 years old, Cody ___ (continue) to beat the odds (克服困难) while his dreams ___ (reach) even further, and he competed in various athletic events (体育赛事) around the country and hoped to swim in the Paralympics (残奥会).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】continued; reached 【解析】考查一般过去时。描述18岁左右发生的动作，结合后文competed和hoped，故分别填continued和reached。 【句子翻译】快18岁时，科迪继续克服重重困难，梦想也更加远大，他参加了全国各地的多项体育赛事，并希望能参加残奥会游泳项目。 52. Although research into resistance training (力量训练) ___ (still catch up) to that on aerobic exercise (有氧运动), there's growing evidence that muscle-strengthening routines ___ (provide) a host of physical and cognitive advantages (认知优势).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】is still catching up; provide 【解析】still表“仍在进行”，research为单数，故用is still catching up；routines为复数，故用provide。 【句子翻译】尽管关于力量训练的研究仍在追赶有氧运动的研究，但越来越多的证据表明，肌肉强化训练能带来诸多身体和认知方面的优势。 53. In 2022, an analysis of several studies ___ (find) that muscle-strengthening exercises were associated with a 10 to 17 percent lower risk of all-cause mortality (全因死亡率) than those who didn't do them.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】found 【解析】考查一般过去时。in 2022为过去时间，故用found。 【句子翻译】2022年，一项对多项研究的分析发现，与不进行肌肉强化训练的人相比，进行该训练的人全因死亡率降低了10%至17%。 54. We ___ (lose) 3 to 8 percent of our muscle mass (肌肉量) every decade after the age of 30 and more after age 60, but muscle strengthening ___ (allow) us to push back against the aging process (衰老过程) and build lean body mass (瘦体重).（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】lose; allows 【解析】考查一般现在时。描述客观规律，we为复数，故用lose；主语muscle strengthening为单数，故用allows。 【句子翻译】30岁以后，我们每十年会流失3%至8%的肌肉量，60岁以后流失更多，但肌肉强化训练能让我们延缓衰老过程，增加瘦体重。 55. Any form of resistance training ___ (do) — pulling on strong elastic bands (弹力带), push-ups (俯卧撑), free weights (自由重量器械) or weight machines — so long as it ___ (put) strain (压力) on your muscles.（2026北京房山高三（上）期末英语） 【答案】is done; puts 【解析】主语“Any form of resistance training”为单数，此处意为“任何形式的力量训练都可以被进行”， 故用被动语态is done。主语“it”为单数，故用 puts。 【句子翻译】任何形式的力量训练都可以被进行——拉弹力带、做俯卧撑、使用自由重量器械或力量训练机——只要它能给肌肉施加压力即可。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $