Unit 3 The way we are 动词不定式作定语（单元核心语法精练）英语沪教版必修第三册

Unit 3 The way we are 核心语法精练（动词不定式作定语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 ①动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 Attention，please.I have something important to say. 请注意，我有重要的事情要说。 ②如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。 Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。 ③当中心词为序数词，最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 She is hard-working and is always the first one to come every day. 她很勤奋，每天总是第一个来。 ④用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常用的有：ability，effort，chance，promise，way等。 After staying in China for 3 years，Mr Green has the ability to speak Chinese. 在中国待了3年后，格林先生有能力说汉语了。 Your way to solve the problem is different from mine. 你解决这个问题的方法与我的不同。 一、单句语法填空 1．He had lots of homework (complete), so he couldn’t go out with us. 2．We have no reason (say) no to the plan. 3．He was the first (rush) out of the burning flat. 4．My company was the first (produce) this kind of computers. 5．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve. 6．I have a lot of documents (sort) out before the end of this week. 7．It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways (enhance) your listening ability. 8．On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world (go) into space. 9．We should seize every opportunity (improve) our English skills. 10．Neil Armstrong was the first person (set) foot on the moon, realizing a great dream of mankind. 11．Sometimes, we may feel lonely and have no one (count) on. 12．Jane realized her ambition (become) the first woman to run 10,000 metres within 30 minutes. 13．He told me that he would have an important party (attend) that night. 14．What’s more important, we should seize every opportunity (educate) everyone about global warming. 15．Li Ying is the first person (join) the volunteering club in her class. 16．The company’s success lies in its ability (predict) market trends and adapt its strategies accordingly. 17．But however long it takes, the technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems. 18．In 1938 Pearl Buck became the first American woman (receive) the Nobel Prize for literature, which helps to raise women’s social status at that time. 19．Sam was the first one (open) my eyes to Hemingway and other literary giants. 20．There is an urgent need (study) the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. 21．You can have the opportunity (sing) together with hundreds of other people while you are in a choir. 22．I have the honour (inform) you that you have got the first. 23．Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 24．The meeting (hold) tomorrow is of great importance. 25．She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 26．Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people (acquire) knowledge and solve problems. 27．China’s Belt and Road Initiative has considerable potential (create) positive benefits. 28．The last day (cancel) registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. 29．We need people who can work at our warehouse (仓库) sorting and packing items (deliver) to families, repair donated furniture and more. 30．In many homes in the UK, the first person (wake) up has to make tea for the family. 二、完成句子 31．我没有时间玩游戏。 I have . 32．我认为错过不参加考试就被录取的机会是非常遗憾的。 I think it would be a great pity without taking the exam. 33．Mike was the only one of the idea. Mike是唯一一个想到这个主意的人。 34．Our monitor is always the first in homework. 我们班长总是第一个交作业。 35．There are several . 火车上有几名查票员来查票。 36．I can speak fluent English and . 我能说一口流利的英语, 我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。 37．You were the first man in the street yesterday. 昨天你是第一个试图在街上抓住那个强盗的人。 38．有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。 I have no chance with so much work to do. 39．Since ancient times, storytelling has been a way . 自古以来，讲故事就是一种分享和传递智慧的方式。 40．Running is not only a good way but also helps us relax and relieve the pressure of learning. 跑步不仅是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It was a big day for Liu Jing, an overseas Chinese student in Paris. She had been working with her friends for three months on an exhibition, which opened on Thursday, in order to promote Hanfu— traditional Chinese clothing, 1 their latest efforts to raise the world’s public awareness of Chinese culture. Liu, a computer-science major in France who has been dedicated to promoting Chinese culture and a lover of Hanfu, 2 (establish) the Mugua Organization, a nongovernmental traditional Chinese cultural organization in France. “I established the organization to unite more people and promote Chinese culture together, and 3 are Chinese moms, locals who are in love with traditional Chinese culture, and overseas students as well,” she noted. The four 4 (representative) women’s clothes from different dynasties of China are on display in the most noted position, 5 ( attract) visitors’ attention from almost all corners of the house. In mid-2022, the French brand Dior introduced its new collection by using China’s traditional mamianqun element 6 acknowledging it. The French brand 7 (criticize) due to the incident. The controversy spread not only on Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo, but also among Chinese nationals around the world, 8 a series of activities erupted among people to speak up and defend Chinese culture. “The negative impact of the Dior incident has obviously stressed the importance of recognizing Chinese culture on the international stage. It is an exciting thing for more and more Chinese groups and individuals 9 (tell) others about our own culture,” Tan Shan, a Beijing-based cultural expert told the Global Times on Thursday. （23-24高一下·上海·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 How sneaker culture took over the world Sneakers have come a long way from when they were first invented in 1860s England for the upper-class playing croquet (槌球) and tennis. Long worn for function 1 fashion, today sneakers have become an entire culture—both a form of self-expression and a high art found in museum exhibits and designer auction houses. 2 transformed sneaker culture into a true phenomenon was the 1985 release of Nike’s Air Jordan 1s. In 1984, Michael Jordan was a talented rookie who had yet to play in a professional game. 3 that, Nike saw Jordan as the future of their brand, signing him to a five-year, $2.5 million endorsement (代言) deal. 4 Jordan matured into one of the greatest basketball players of all time, the sneaker’s popularity skyrocketed. Meanwhile, another cultural shift 5 (take) place with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses. It was when men were allowed to put aside their suits and wear something one day a week that showed people who they really were. As sneakers became increasingly desired, footwear companies turned to 6 (generate) even more publicity by collaborating with celebrities and luxury brands, as well as releasing small batches of limited-edition shoes with eye-pop ping designs. Celebrities also started their collaborations with sneaker brands, which helped target a whole new demographic of people to experience sneaker culture. It was a blending of high and low fashion, 7 the shoe industry has never really seen before. A pair that Jordan wore in his legendary final NBA season 8 (sell) even for $2.2 mllion, making them the most expensive sneakers ever to appear at auction. By the mid-2010s, speakers 9 (become) solid gold status symbols. Wearing rare and cool sneakers became an expression of one’s social status. But not until recently, sneakers are finally getting their due as part of our cultural heritage—and particularly how Black culture has shaped that heritage. It took decades for the sneaker industry to recognize that 10 these Black athletes or artists that championed their products, there would be no sneaker culture. 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·上海·期中） Dear Abby, My third grader hates reading and we’d all been looking forward to a rest this summer. But we just-received his teacher’s summer-reading assignment, which requires him to read six books and write three book reports. Do I really need to force him to do this work over the summer? Won’t it only make him hate reading all the more? Kristal Dear Kristal, You’re right that your son needs a break this summer, but taking a break doesn’t mean ignoring academic skills altogether. Summer reading is of great importance to reduce the gap between students who struggle and those who succeed. It will help him to retain the skills that he had gained during the school year. It would be great if you can make reading more enjoyable, and more routine, for him. Here are some tips that may help. Help him find books that he’s more likely to take pleasure in. If the school assigned a summer-reading list, look over it with your son to see which ones may most interest him, and let him choose a couple of books. Help your son plan how to get through the books he has chosen by establishing a routine. He should choose for himself a particular time of day during which he’ll do his reading. What’s important is consistency: Reading will become more of a habit and less of a battle if he has a regular time when he expects to be doing it. Remember: frequency is the key. Fifteen to twenty minutes of daily reading is better than, say, two hours every Sunday. He might write down a sentence-long summary and a reaction every day or two after completing his reading so that writing a book report will be easier once he has finished reading a book. Your goal is to make reading part of his life in such a way that it won’t require a daily battle. By giving him agency and helping him to create a routine, you’ll make this summer more relaxing for the both of you. Yours Abby 1．Abby is most probably ________. A．a third grader B．a parent C．an editor D．a school teacher 2．Kristal wrote the letter because she didn’t know ________. A．how to help her son write book reports B．how to motivate her son to study harder C．how to help her son have a fulfilling summer vacation D．whether she should force her son to read at the risk of making him hate the activity all the more 3．The underlined word “retain” is closest in meaning to “________”. A．control B．forget C．select D．preserve 4．In Abby’s opinion, what should Kristal do to change her son’s attitude towards reading? ① Help him find books that interest him. ②Help him write down a complete summary every day. ③Help him establish a reading routine and develop good reading habits. ④Help him finish the reading reports to boost his confidence in reading. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ （25-26高一上·上海普陀·期末）Richard Halliburton grew up in Memphis and later went to Princeton, where he was the shy editor of a photography magazine. In 1921, the year when he graduated, he climbed the Matterhorn, surveyed the world and set out on a career of adventuring that few men would have had the energy or ambition to undertake. Richard Halliburton fulfilled himself in many ways and made it pay. He travelled around Europe, toured Tibet in China, and climbed Fujiyama in Japan in midwinter. He mounted Olympus in Greece, swam the Hellespont (达达尼尔海峡), and followed the trail of Ulysses. In 1925, he published his first book, The Royal Road to Romance. He became one of the greatest press-agents of his time, and his only client was himself. He published seven books of personal adventure, which have sold over a million copies. He was always turning up in odd places, and doing odd things; newspapers printed thousands of columns of his exploits and plans for exploits. About nearly all of them, there was an element of bravery and an element of adventurousness. He swam the Panama Canal. He wandered through Peru and Brazil, with a pet monkey that died at last from overeating. He swam the Sea of Galilee, appeared in a movie called India Speaks, rode an elephant over the Alps. He grew older, but never grew up. In the winter of 1939, he planned to sail a Chinese junk (中国式帆船) across the Pacific to San Francisco. Just before he sailed he wrote: “I want to steer her straight into the Golden Gate, where a long time ago I first saw a schooner (纵帆船) and first heard the call of the sea.” The 75-foot Sea Dragon put out from Hong Kong, China in February in 1939, Captain John Wenlock Welch commanding. She has not been seen since. Public interest in Richard Halliburton’s fate was modified by the suspicion that his disappearance might be a press-agent stunt. But later the record of what appeared to be the only accidental adventure of Adventurer Halliburton’s career was released. On the night of March 23, the Sea Dragon was some 1,200 miles west of Midway Island. In the same seas, 40 feet high, the liner (邮轮) President Coolidge was running through a typhoon, her speed slowed to six knots. From the Sea Dragon Captain Welch radioed to Dale Collins, executive officer of the President Coolidge: “SOUTHERLY GALES RAIN SQUALLS LEE RAIL UNDER WATER WET BUNKS HARDTACK BULLY BEEF HAVING WONDERFUL TIME WISH YOU WERE HERE INSTEAD OF ME”. Mr. Collins heard nothing after that. In his report to his company he wrote “If the Sea Dragon encountered such weather as we did on the night of March 23, and she undoubtedly did, there is small chance that the little craft survived.” 1．According to the passage, Richard Halliburton could be described as ________. A．energetic and adventurous B．self-centered and suspicious C．brave and traditional D．ambitious and patriotic 2．The underlined expression “made it pay” in paragraph 2 means that ________. A．he learned lots of survival skills in his adventures B．he spent a large sum of money on his trips C．his adventures in turn brought him rewards D．writing books required great efforts of him 3．What can we infer from the passage about Richard Halliburton’s voyage to San Francisco? A．He set sail for San Francisco to see the Golden Gate. B．He arranged his disappearance for public attention. C．The Sea Dragon sailed faster than the liner on March 23. D．The typhoon on March 23 was strong enough to ruin his junk. 4．The best title of this passage can be ________. A．Richard Halliburton’s Ambition B．The Last Adventure C．Travelling around the World D．Never Growing Up 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 The way we are 核心语法精练（动词不定式作定语） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、单句语法填空 3 二、完成句子 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 11 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 14 ①动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。 Attention，please.I have something important to say. 请注意，我有重要的事情要说。 ②如果不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。 Give me a piece of paper to write on. 给我一张纸写字。 ③当中心词为序数词，最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时，常用不定式作定语。 She is hard-working and is always the first one to come every day. 她很勤奋，每天总是第一个来。 ④用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常用的有：ability，effort，chance，promise，way等。 After staying in China for 3 years，Mr Green has the ability to speak Chinese. 在中国待了3年后，格林先生有能力说汉语了。 Your way to solve the problem is different from mine. 你解决这个问题的方法与我的不同。 一、单句语法填空 1．He had lots of homework (complete), so he couldn’t go out with us. 【答案】to complete 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他有很多作业要完成，所以不能和我们出去。have sth. to do是固定结构，表示“有某事要做”，其中不定式to do作后置定语，修饰前面的名词homework，complete与homework是动宾关系，用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。故填to complete。 2．We have no reason (say) no to the plan. 【答案】to say 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们没有理由拒绝这个计划。have no reason to do sth.是固定短语，意为“没有理由做某事”，其中动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词reason，表示“做某事的理由”。故填to say。 3．He was the first (rush) out of the burning flat. 【答案】to rush 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是第一个冲出着火公寓的人。此处为固定句型“the+序数词+to do sth.”表示“第几个做某事的人”，所以此处使用动词不定式的形式作定语。故填to rush。 4．My company was the first (produce) this kind of computers. 【答案】to produce 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的公司是第一个生产这种电脑的公司。当名词被序数词修饰时，其后常用不定式作后置定语，表示“第几个做某事的人/物”，句中the first指代the first company，空格处需用不定式结构作后置定语。故填to produce。 5．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve. 【答案】to consider 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你规划日常锻炼时，首先要考虑的是你期望在哪些方面得到提升。名词thing前有序数词修饰，后用动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to consider。 6．I have a lot of documents (sort) out before the end of this week. 【答案】to sort 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这周结束前我有很多文件要整理。句中存在“have sth. to do”的固定结构，意为“有某事要做”，此处用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词documents。故填to sort。 7．It’s a skill that can be cultivated. Here are three key ways (enhance) your listening ability. 【答案】to enhance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一种可以培养的技能。以下是提高你听力能力的三个关键方法。句子已有谓语动词are，空格处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“提高你听力能力的方法”，应用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰名词ways。故填to enhance。 8．On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world (go) into space. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to go。 9．We should seize every opportunity (improve) our English skills. 【答案】to improve 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们应该抓住每一个提高我们英语水平的机会。分析句子结构可知，此空需用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity，表示“做某事的机会”，符合语境。故填to improve。 10．Neil Armstrong was the first person (set) foot on the moon, realizing a great dream of mankind. 【答案】to set 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是第一个登上月球的人，实现了人类的伟大梦想。当名词前有序数词“the first”修饰时，其后常用动词不定式作后置定语，表示“第一个做某事的人/物”，固定搭配“set foot on”意为“登上；踏上”，所以此处为动词不定式to set。故填to set。 11．Sometimes, we may feel lonely and have no one (count) on. 【答案】to count 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时，我们可能感到孤独，没有人可以依靠。分析句子结构可知，句子已有由and连接的并列谓语“may feel”和“have”，故所给动词“count”需用非谓语形式。此处“no one”需接后置定语修饰，“count on(依靠、依赖)”与“no one”为逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示“将要/可以做的事”，需用动词不定式“to count”作后置定语，表示“没有可以依靠的人”。故填to count。 12．Jane realized her ambition (become) the first woman to run 10,000 metres within 30 minutes. 【答案】to become 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：简实现了她成为在30分钟内跑完10000米的第一位女性的抱负。空格处作后置定语，修饰名词ambition，“实现……的抱负”常用“realize one’s ambition to do sth”结构，所给词become为动词，故填to become。 13．He told me that he would have an important party (attend) that night. 【答案】to attend 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他告诉我那天晚上他将参加一个重要的聚会。that引导的宾语从句的谓语为would have，此处为非谓语动词，本空作名词party的后置定语，且表示“将要参加的聚会”，即该动作尚未发生，应用attend“参加”的不定式形式。故填to attend。 14．What’s more important, we should seize every opportunity (educate) everyone about global warming. 【答案】to educate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，我们应该抓住每一个机会来教育每个人有关全球变暖的知识。本句谓语为should seize，此处为非谓语动词，opportunity to do sth.是固定搭配，意为 “做某事的机会”，此处应用动词educate“教育”的不定式，作后置定语。故填to educate。 15．Li Ying is the first person (join) the volunteering club in her class. 【答案】to join 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：李颖是班上第一个加入志愿者俱乐部的人。当名词被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，故此处用to join修饰the first person。故填to join。 16．The company’s success lies in its ability (predict) market trends and adapt its strategies accordingly. 【答案】to predict 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家公司的成功在于它有能力预测市场趋势，并相应地调整策略。ability to do sth做某事的能力，不定式作后置定语，故填 to predict。 17．But however long it takes, the technology has the potential (change) our transportation systems. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但无论需要多长时间，这项技术都有可能改变我们的交通系统。短语have the potential to do sth.，表示“有做某事的潜能”，不定式作定语。故填to change。 18．In 1938 Pearl Buck became the first American woman (receive) the Nobel Prize for literature, which helps to raise women’s social status at that time. 【答案】to receive 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：1938年，赛珍珠成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性，这在当时有助于提高女性的社会地位。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词不定式作定语，当名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语，“the first...to do sth.”表示“第一个做某事的……”，所以此处应用receive的不定式形式to receive，符合语境。故填to receive。 19．Sam was the first one (open) my eyes to Hemingway and other literary giants. 【答案】to open 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：萨姆是第一个让我了解海明威和其他文学巨匠的人。设空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰the first one，构成固定短语the first one to do sth，表示“第一个做某事的人”。故填to open。 20．There is an urgent need (study) the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. 【答案】to study 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了理解气候变化及其影响，迫切需要对北极进行研究。设空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词need，构成固定短语a need to do sth，表示“做某事的需求”。故填to study。 21．You can have the opportunity (sing) together with hundreds of other people while you are in a choir. 【答案】to sing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在合唱团时，你有机会和其他数百人一起唱歌。设空处应填动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity，构成固定短语have the opportunity to do sth，含义为“有机会做某事”。故填to sing。 22．I have the honour (inform) you that you have got the first. 【答案】to inform 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很荣幸地通知你，你获得了第一名。根据固定搭配have the honour to do sth.意为“有幸做某事；很荣幸做某事”可知，此处应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词honour。故填to inform。 23．Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 【答案】to rent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。for women (rent)作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。 24．The meeting (hold) tomorrow is of great importance. 【答案】to be held 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天要举行的会议非常重要。句中已有is，空处作非谓语动词，结合时间状语tomorrow可知，空处应用动词不定式形式表示将来的动作，且The meeting与hold之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式，作定语修饰The meeting。故填to be held。 25．She has a strong desire (catch) up on her reading during the holidays. 【答案】to catch 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她强烈渴望在假期里补上她落下的阅读量。“have a strong desire to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “有强烈的愿望去做某事”，此处要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰 “desire”。故填 to catch。 26．Network learning has increasingly become an important means for people (acquire) knowledge and solve problems. 【答案】to acquire 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：网络学习日益成为人们获取知识和解决问题的重要手段。本句谓语为has become，此处为非谓语动词。means for sb. to do sth.，意为“供某人做某事的方式/手段”，所以本空用动词acquire“获取”的不定式，作后置定语。故填 to acquire。 27．China’s Belt and Road Initiative has considerable potential (create) positive benefits. 【答案】to create 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的“一带一路”倡议具有创造积极效益的巨大潜力。名词potential后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to create。 28．The last day (cancel) registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. 【答案】to cancel 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是is，空处在句中作非谓语。由于day前面有The last修饰，所以空处需要用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to cancel。 29．We need people who can work at our warehouse (仓库) sorting and packing items (deliver) to families, repair donated furniture and more. 【答案】to be delivered 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们需要能在仓库工作的人，他们可以分拣和包装物品，将物品送到家庭，修理捐赠的家具等等。根据语境可知，空处表示还未发生的动作，故用动词不定式作后置定语，又deliver和名词items之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用不定式的被动式。故填to be delivered。 30．In many homes in the UK, the first person (wake) up has to make tea for the family. 【答案】to wake 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在英国的许多家庭中，第一个醒来的人必须为家人泡茶。根据句子已有谓语动词“has to make”可知，空处应用非谓语形式，根据空前“the first person”可知，空处作后置定语修饰the first person，名词person由序数词the first修饰，应用不定式形式to wake作后置定语。故填to wake。 二、完成句子 31．我没有时间玩游戏。 I have . 【答案】no time to play games 【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“没有时间玩游戏”应用have no time to play games，其中have no time to do sth.，为固定搭配，表“没时间做某事”，to play games是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词time，明确“时间”的用途，符合语境。故填no time to play games。 32．我认为错过不参加考试就被录取的机会是非常遗憾的。 I think it would be a great pity without taking the exam. 【答案】to pass up the opportunity to be admitted 【详解】考查动词短语及非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处意为“错过就被录取的机会”，表达为pass up the opportunity to be admitted，此处to be admitted为不定式的被动语态，作后置定语，修饰the opportunity，且前文it为形式主语，此处应用动词不定式，作真正的主语。故填to pass up the opportunity to be admitted。 33．Mike was the only one of the idea. Mike是唯一一个想到这个主意的人。 【答案】 to think 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“想到”。“想到”用动词短语think of。“the only one to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“唯一做某事的人”，所以这里用动词不定式作后置定语修饰the only one。故填①to；②think。 34．Our monitor is always the first in homework. 我们班长总是第一个交作业。 【答案】 to hand 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“交作业”用短语hand in，且序数词first后跟不定式，作后置定语。故填to hand。 35．There are several . 火车上有几名查票员来查票。 【答案】ticket inspectors on the train to inspect tickets 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“查票员”用ticket inspector，根据空前的several可知，用复数形式，作主语；表示“火车上”用on the train；表示“查票”用inspect tickets，用动词不定式to inspect tickets，作后置定语。故填ticket inspectors on the train to inspect tickets。 36．I can speak fluent English and . 我能说一口流利的英语, 我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。 【答案】I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further study 【详解】考查动词不定式作定语。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“我是班上第一个出国深造的学生”这一信息，同时要保持与前句“I can speak fluent English”的并列结构。句子为主系表结构。主语为I，句子为一般现在时态，be动词用am，“第一个学生”用the first student，“在班上”用in my class，“出国深造”用to go abroad for further study，动词不定式作后置定语修饰student。故填I am the first student in my class to go abroad for further study。 37．You were the first man in the street yesterday. 昨天你是第一个试图在街上抓住那个强盗的人。 【答案】to attempt to catch that robber 【详解】考查非谓语动词。名词man被first修饰，应用不定式作后置定语，“试图做某事”为attempt to do sth.，“抓住”为动词catch，“那个强盗”为that robber，故填to attempt to catch that robber。 38．有这么多工作要做，我没有机会外出观光。 I have no chance with so much work to do. 【答案】to go sightseeing 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。go sightseeing意为“观光”，为固定搭配。这里修饰chance，且表示未发生的动作，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to go sightseeing。 39．Since ancient times, storytelling has been a way . 自古以来，讲故事就是一种分享和传递智慧的方式。 【答案】to share and pass on wisdom 【详解】考查固定短语和不定式。“一种做某事的方式”为“a way to do sth.”，to do为后置定语，动词“分享”为“share”，动词短语“传递”为“pass on”，“智慧”为“wisdom”，在句子中作为不可数名词使用并作宾语，并列连词“和”为“and”。故填to share and pass on wisdom。 40．Running is not only a good way but also helps us relax and relieve the pressure of learning. 跑步不仅是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。 【答案】to build up our strength 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“强身健体”应用build up our strength，此处修饰名词way，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to build up our strength。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一下·上海浦东新·月考）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It was a big day for Liu Jing, an overseas Chinese student in Paris. She had been working with her friends for three months on an exhibition, which opened on Thursday, in order to promote Hanfu— traditional Chinese clothing, 1 their latest efforts to raise the world’s public awareness of Chinese culture. Liu, a computer-science major in France who has been dedicated to promoting Chinese culture and a lover of Hanfu, 2 (establish) the Mugua Organization, a nongovernmental traditional Chinese cultural organization in France. “I established the organization to unite more people and promote Chinese culture together, and 3 are Chinese moms, locals who are in love with traditional Chinese culture, and overseas students as well,” she noted. The four 4 (representative) women’s clothes from different dynasties of China are on display in the most noted position, 5 ( attract) visitors’ attention from almost all corners of the house. In mid-2022, the French brand Dior introduced its new collection by using China’s traditional mamianqun element 6 acknowledging it. The French brand 7 (criticize) due to the incident. The controversy spread not only on Chinese social media platform Sina Weibo, but also among Chinese nationals around the world, 8 a series of activities erupted among people to speak up and defend Chinese culture. “The negative impact of the Dior incident has obviously stressed the importance of recognizing Chinese culture on the international stage. It is an exciting thing for more and more Chinese groups and individuals 9 (tell) others about our own culture,” Tan Shan, a Beijing-based cultural expert told the Global Times on Thursday. 【答案】1．as 2．has established 3．they 4．representative 5．attracting 6．without 7．was criticized 8．where 9．to tell 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述巴黎华侨学生刘晶（音译）与朋友筹备三个月举办汉服展，通过展示不同朝代服饰推广中国文化。此前2022年法国品牌迪奥未经承认使用中国马面裙元素引发争议，凸显国际舞台上中国文化认可的重要性。 1．考查介词。句意：这是巴黎华侨学生刘晶的重要日子。她和朋友们为一场展览忙活了三个月，该展览于周四开幕，旨在推广汉服 —— 中国传统服饰，作为他们提高世界公众对中国文化认知的最新努力。此处表示“作为”，用介词as。故填as。 2．考查动词时态。句意：刘晶是法国计算机科学专业的学生，一直致力于推广中国文化，也是汉服爱好者，她在法国成立了木瓜组织，一个非政府的中国传统文组织。这里考查谓语动词，主语Liu与establish为主动关系，此处表过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语Liu是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has established。 3．考查代词。句意：她指出：“我成立这个组织是为了团结更多人一起推广中国文化，他们中有中国妈妈、热爱中国传统文化的当地人，还有留学生。” 此处指代上文more people，作主语应用代词they。故填they。 4．考查形容词。句意：四套代表中国不同朝代的女性服饰被陈列在最显眼的位置，吸引了几乎来自展厅各个角落的参观者的注意。修饰名词clothes应用形容词，representative，表“有代表性的”，符合语境。故填representative。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：四套代表中国不同朝代的女性服饰被陈列在最显眼的位置，吸引了几乎来自展厅各个角落的参观者的注意。此空考查非谓语，clothes与attract为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填attracting。 6．考查介词。句意：2022年中期，法国品牌迪奥在推出新系列时使用了中国传统马面裙元素，却未予以承认。根据语境，此处表示“没有承认”，且空后是动名词 acknowledging，故用介词without。故填without。 7．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该法国品牌因这一事件遭到批评。此空考查谓语动词，The French brand与criticize为被动关系，且动作发生在2022年，用一般过去时的被动语态；主语brand为单数。故填was criticized。 8．考查定语从句。句意：这场争议不仅在中国社交媒体平台新浪微博上蔓延，也在世界各地的华人中传播，在这些华人中爆发了一系列活动，人们站出来捍卫中国文化。此空考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为among Chinese nationals around the world，在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：北京文化专家谭珊周四告诉《环球时报》：“迪奥事件的负面影响显然凸显了中国文化在国际舞台上被认可的重要性。越来越多的中国团体和个人向他人讲述我们自己的文化，这是一件令人兴奋的事。”这里考查“It is + 名词 + for sb. to do sth.”，为固定句型，所以应用不定式作真正主语。故填to tell。 （23-24高一下·上海·期中）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 How sneaker culture took over the world Sneakers have come a long way from when they were first invented in 1860s England for the upper-class playing croquet (槌球) and tennis. Long worn for function 1 fashion, today sneakers have become an entire culture—both a form of self-expression and a high art found in museum exhibits and designer auction houses. 2 transformed sneaker culture into a true phenomenon was the 1985 release of Nike’s Air Jordan 1s. In 1984, Michael Jordan was a talented rookie who had yet to play in a professional game. 3 that, Nike saw Jordan as the future of their brand, signing him to a five-year, $2.5 million endorsement (代言) deal. 4 Jordan matured into one of the greatest basketball players of all time, the sneaker’s popularity skyrocketed. Meanwhile, another cultural shift 5 (take) place with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses. It was when men were allowed to put aside their suits and wear something one day a week that showed people who they really were. As sneakers became increasingly desired, footwear companies turned to 6 (generate) even more publicity by collaborating with celebrities and luxury brands, as well as releasing small batches of limited-edition shoes with eye-pop ping designs. Celebrities also started their collaborations with sneaker brands, which helped target a whole new demographic of people to experience sneaker culture. It was a blending of high and low fashion, 7 the shoe industry has never really seen before. A pair that Jordan wore in his legendary final NBA season 8 (sell) even for $2.2 mllion, making them the most expensive sneakers ever to appear at auction. By the mid-2010s, speakers 9 (become) solid gold status symbols. Wearing rare and cool sneakers became an expression of one’s social status. But not until recently, sneakers are finally getting their due as part of our cultural heritage—and particularly how Black culture has shaped that heritage. It took decades for the sneaker industry to recognize that 10 these Black athletes or artists that championed their products, there would be no sneaker culture. 【答案】 1．rather than/instead of 2．What 3．Despite 4．As 5．was taking 6．generating 7．which 8．was sold/sold 9．had become 10．without 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是运动鞋文化是如何风靡全球的。 1．考查固定短语。句意：长期以来，人们穿着运动鞋是为了功能而不是时尚，如今，运动鞋已经成为一种完整的文化——既是一种自我表达的形式，也是博物馆展品和设计师拍卖行的高级艺术。结合句意可知，空前的functions与空后的fashion之间为表示转折关系，所以此处表示“而不是”应为rather than或者instead of。故填rather than/instead of。 2．考查主语从句。句意：使运动鞋文化真正成为一种现象的是1985年耐克发布的飞人乔丹1s。此空位连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意，此处表示的是事情，所以使用what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 3．考查介词。句意：尽管如此，耐克还是将乔丹视为他们品牌的未来，与他签下了一份5年250万美元的代言合同。结合句意可知，此空所在的句子与上文之间为内容为让步关系，空后为名词，所以此处应为介词，表示“尽管”应为despite，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Despite。 4．考查状语从句。句意：随着乔丹成长为有史以来最伟大的篮球运动员之一，这款球鞋的受欢迎程度直线上升。结合句意可知，此处应为连词引导的时间状语从句，表示“随着”应为连词as，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填As。 5．考查谓语动词。句意：与此同时，另一种文化转变正在发生，白领企业引入了星期五便装日。此空为谓语动词，根据句意和空间的时间状语meanwhile以及下文中的“with casual Fridays introduced in white-collar businesses”可知，此处表示的是动作正在进行，且全文讲述的是运动鞋文化的历史，应发生在过去，所以此处使用过去进行时，且主语another cultural shift为单数形式。故填was taking。 6．考查动名词。句意：随着人们对运动鞋的需求越来越大，鞋类公司开始与名人和奢侈品牌合作，并推出小批量的限量版运动鞋，这些鞋子的设计令人瞠目。此空为非谓语动词作宾语，根据turn to意为“转向”符合句意，且to为介词，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故填generating。 7．考查定语从句。句意：这是一种高级和低级时尚的融合，这是鞋业以前从未见过的。此空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少seen的宾语，所以使用关系代词，且先行词a blending of high and low fashion指的是事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 8．考查谓语动词。句意：乔丹在传奇的NBA最后一个赛季所穿的一双球鞋甚至以220万美元的价格售出，成为有史以来拍卖价格最高的球鞋。此空为谓语动词，结合语境可知，此处讲述的是乔丹时代的事情，所以使用一般过去时，结合句意，此处可以理解为鞋子被以220万美元的价格售出，强调动作，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语A pair为单数，所以谓语动词可以为was sold；也可以理解为一种结果，表示状态，所以使用主动形式，所以谓语动词也可以为sold。故填was sold/sold。 9．考查谓语动词。句意：到2010年代中期，演讲者已经成为纯金的地位象征。此空为句子的谓语，根据时间状语“By the mid-2010s”可知，此处应使用过去完成时，且become与主语speakers之间为主动关系，所以此处使用had become。故填had become。 10．考查介词。句意：球鞋行业花了几十年的时间才认识到，没有这些黑人运动员或艺术家支持他们的产品，就没有球鞋文化。结合句意和下文中的“there would be no sneaker culture.”可知，此处应为含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气，空后为名词短语，所以此处应为介词，结合句意，此处表示的是“没有”应为介词without。故填without。 题型二 阅读理解 （25-26高一上·上海·期中） Dear Abby, My third grader hates reading and we’d all been looking forward to a rest this summer. But we just-received his teacher’s summer-reading assignment, which requires him to read six books and write three book reports. Do I really need to force him to do this work over the summer? Won’t it only make him hate reading all the more? Kristal Dear Kristal, You’re right that your son needs a break this summer, but taking a break doesn’t mean ignoring academic skills altogether. Summer reading is of great importance to reduce the gap between students who struggle and those who succeed. It will help him to retain the skills that he had gained during the school year. It would be great if you can make reading more enjoyable, and more routine, for him. Here are some tips that may help. Help him find books that he’s more likely to take pleasure in. If the school assigned a summer-reading list, look over it with your son to see which ones may most interest him, and let him choose a couple of books. Help your son plan how to get through the books he has chosen by establishing a routine. He should choose for himself a particular time of day during which he’ll do his reading. What’s important is consistency: Reading will become more of a habit and less of a battle if he has a regular time when he expects to be doing it. Remember: frequency is the key. Fifteen to twenty minutes of daily reading is better than, say, two hours every Sunday. He might write down a sentence-long summary and a reaction every day or two after completing his reading so that writing a book report will be easier once he has finished reading a book. Your goal is to make reading part of his life in such a way that it won’t require a daily battle. By giving him agency and helping him to create a routine, you’ll make this summer more relaxing for the both of you. Yours Abby 1．Abby is most probably ________. A．a third grader B．a parent C．an editor D．a school teacher 2．Kristal wrote the letter because she didn’t know ________. A．how to help her son write book reports B．how to motivate her son to study harder C．how to help her son have a fulfilling summer vacation D．whether she should force her son to read at the risk of making him hate the activity all the more 3．The underlined word “retain” is closest in meaning to “________”. A．control B．forget C．select D．preserve 4．In Abby’s opinion, what should Kristal do to change her son’s attitude towards reading? ① Help him find books that interest him. ②Help him write down a complete summary every day. ③Help him establish a reading routine and develop good reading habits. ④Help him finish the reading reports to boost his confidence in reading. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，为两封书信往来。主要围绕Kristal写给Abby的信以及Abby的回信展开，探讨了关于孩子暑假阅读作业的问题及相应建议。 1．推理判断题。根据Abby的回信第一段中的“Summer reading is of great importance to reduce the gap between students who struggle and those who succeed. (暑期阅读对于缩小学习困难学生和成绩优异学生之间的差距具有重要意义。)”及后面的建议并结合书信专栏的常见设定可知，她不仅明确暑期阅读的重要性，还能给出专业且具体的引导建议。因此，Abby最可能是负责解答读者咨询的专栏“编辑”。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Kristal书信中的“Do I really need to force him to do this work over the summer? Won’t it only make him hate reading all the more? (我真的需要强迫他在整个夏天做这项工作吗？这难道不会只会让他更加讨厌阅读吗？)”可知，她写信是因为不知道 “是否应该强迫儿子阅读，以免让他更讨厌阅读”。故选D项。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句和前一句“Summer reading is of great importance to reduce the gap between students who struggle and those who succeed. It will help him to retain the skills that he had gained during the school year. (暑期阅读对于缩小成绩不佳学生和成绩优异学生之间的差距至关重要。它将帮助学生retain在学年中获得的技能。)”可知，“retain”在此应为“保留；保持；巩固”之意，与“preserve”意思相近。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据Abby给出的建议，首先提到“Help him find books that he’s more likely to take pleasure in. (帮助他找到他更可能喜欢的书。)”，与选项①相符；其次提到“Help your son plan how to get through the books he has chosen by establishing a routine. (通过制定一个常规计划，帮助你的儿子规划如何读完他选的那些书。)”与选项③相符。而选项②“Help him write down a complete summary every day. (每天帮他写下一份完整的总结。)”表述错误，与“He might write down a sentence-long summary and a reaction every day or two after completing his reading so that writing a book report will be easier once he has finished reading a book. (他可以在完成阅读后的每隔一两天写下一句总结和感想，这样当他读完一本书后，写读书报告就会更容易些。)”不符；选项④“Help him finish the reading reports to boost his confidence in reading. (帮他完成阅读报告，以增强他在阅读方面的自信心。)”在文中并未提及。故选B项。 （25-26高一上·上海普陀·期末）Richard Halliburton grew up in Memphis and later went to Princeton, where he was the shy editor of a photography magazine. In 1921, the year when he graduated, he climbed the Matterhorn, surveyed the world and set out on a career of adventuring that few men would have had the energy or ambition to undertake. Richard Halliburton fulfilled himself in many ways and made it pay. He travelled around Europe, toured Tibet in China, and climbed Fujiyama in Japan in midwinter. He mounted Olympus in Greece, swam the Hellespont (达达尼尔海峡), and followed the trail of Ulysses. In 1925, he published his first book, The Royal Road to Romance. He became one of the greatest press-agents of his time, and his only client was himself. He published seven books of personal adventure, which have sold over a million copies. He was always turning up in odd places, and doing odd things; newspapers printed thousands of columns of his exploits and plans for exploits. About nearly all of them, there was an element of bravery and an element of adventurousness. He swam the Panama Canal. He wandered through Peru and Brazil, with a pet monkey that died at last from overeating. He swam the Sea of Galilee, appeared in a movie called India Speaks, rode an elephant over the Alps. He grew older, but never grew up. In the winter of 1939, he planned to sail a Chinese junk (中国式帆船) across the Pacific to San Francisco. Just before he sailed he wrote: “I want to steer her straight into the Golden Gate, where a long time ago I first saw a schooner (纵帆船) and first heard the call of the sea.” The 75-foot Sea Dragon put out from Hong Kong, China in February in 1939, Captain John Wenlock Welch commanding. She has not been seen since. Public interest in Richard Halliburton’s fate was modified by the suspicion that his disappearance might be a press-agent stunt. But later the record of what appeared to be the only accidental adventure of Adventurer Halliburton’s career was released. On the night of March 23, the Sea Dragon was some 1,200 miles west of Midway Island. In the same seas, 40 feet high, the liner (邮轮) President Coolidge was running through a typhoon, her speed slowed to six knots. From the Sea Dragon Captain Welch radioed to Dale Collins, executive officer of the President Coolidge: “SOUTHERLY GALES RAIN SQUALLS LEE RAIL UNDER WATER WET BUNKS HARDTACK BULLY BEEF HAVING WONDERFUL TIME WISH YOU WERE HERE INSTEAD OF ME”. Mr. Collins heard nothing after that. In his report to his company he wrote “If the Sea Dragon encountered such weather as we did on the night of March 23, and she undoubtedly did, there is small chance that the little craft survived.” 1．According to the passage, Richard Halliburton could be described as ________. A．energetic and adventurous B．self-centered and suspicious C．brave and traditional D．ambitious and patriotic 2．The underlined expression “made it pay” in paragraph 2 means that ________. A．he learned lots of survival skills in his adventures B．he spent a large sum of money on his trips C．his adventures in turn brought him rewards D．writing books required great efforts of him 3．What can we infer from the passage about Richard Halliburton’s voyage to San Francisco? A．He set sail for San Francisco to see the Golden Gate. B．He arranged his disappearance for public attention. C．The Sea Dragon sailed faster than the liner on March 23. D．The typhoon on March 23 was strong enough to ruin his junk. 4．The best title of this passage can be ________. A．Richard Halliburton’s Ambition B．The Last Adventure C．Travelling around the World D．Never Growing Up 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述冒险家理查德・哈利伯顿的冒险生涯，以及他最后一次驾驶中国式帆船航行失踪的经历。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“In 191, the year when he graduated, he climbed the Matterhorn, surveyed the world and set out on a career of adventuring that few men would have had the energy or ambition to undertake. (191 年毕业那年，他登上了马特洪峰，环游世界，开启了一段几乎没人有精力或抱负去从事的冒险生涯。)”以及第三段中“About nearly all of them, there was an element of bravery and an element of adventurousness. (关于他几乎所有的事迹，都透着一丝勇敢和冒险精神。)”可知，理查德・哈利伯顿精力充沛且富有冒险精神。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“He published seven books of personal adventure, which have sold over a million copies.( 他出版了七本个人冒险书籍，销量超过一百万册)”以及“He was always turning up in odd places, and doing odd things; newspapers printed thousands of columns of his exploits and plans for exploits. (他总出现在稀奇古怪的地方，做着稀奇的事；报纸刊登了数千栏关于他的冒险事迹和冒险计划的报道。)”可知，他的冒险活动为他带来了书籍销量和媒体关注度的回报，因此“made it pay”意为“他的冒险反过来为他带来了回报”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In the same seas, 40 feet high, the liner President Coolidge was running through a typhoon, her speed slowed to six knots. (在同一片海域，浪高40英尺，“柯立芝总统号”邮轮正顶着台风航行，船速降至6节。)”以及最后一段中“If the Sea Dragon encountered such weather as we did on the night of March 3, and she undoubtedly did, there is small chance that the little craft survived. (如果“海龙号”遭遇了我们3月3日晚遇到的那种天气 —— 它无疑遭遇了 —— 这艘小船幸存的可能性微乎其微。)”可知，3月3日的台风威力足以摧毁他的中国式帆船。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“In the winter of 1939, he planned to sail a Chinese junk across the Pacific to San Francisco. (1939年冬天，他计划驾驶一艘中国式帆船横渡太平洋前往旧金山。)”以及第五段中“The 75-foot Sea Dragon put out from Hong Kong, China in February in 1939, Captain John Wenlock Welch commanding. She has not been seen since. (这艘75英尺长的“海龙号”于1939年2月从中国香港起航，由约翰・温洛克・韦尔奇船长指挥。此后，它便杳无音讯。)”可知，文章前半部分介绍理查德・哈利伯顿的冒险生涯，后半部分重点讲述他最后一次冒险之旅及失踪的结局，“The Last Adventure (最后的冒险)”能概括文章核心内容。故选B。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $