Unit 4 Period 1 课后巩固 多维提能-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义围绕语言基础巩固、教材语篇应用及综合能力提升构建学习支架，系统梳理词形转换、固定搭配、句型结构等基础知识点，衔接教材改编的语段微练与主题探究阅读，最终通过阅读理解、完形填空等题型提升综合语言运用能力。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过词形转换夯实语言基础，借助“Work to live, live to work”主题阅读引导学生分析工作意义，提升逻辑推断能力。课中助力教师分层教学，课后可通过基础练习与能力题查漏补缺，培养学生自主学习能力。

[过基础　知识巩固] 维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1.You can depend on the responsible consultant(consult) to help you out, because he is a reliable person. 2．Some enterprises in the community are owned by a few enterprising young people who want to start their own businesses. (enterprise) 3．People who are positive have the potential to live(live) a much happier life than those who are negative. 4．Under the guidance(guide) of my teacher, I won the first prize in the English Speech Contest. 5．(人教选必四U2)Australia has lots of unique animals, but which animal is a symbol of the country? It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution (distribute) throughout the country. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．Wide and clean road, row upon row of high-rises and fresh air after rain, the spring in Jinan gives you the sign of modern new district. 2．Mankind is exploring space in the hope of finding out more about the universe and potentially discovering new habitable planets for future generations. 3．Mike was quite uncertain as to whether he could get along well with his new roommate, which made him a bit anxious about the upcoming semester. 4．Many college graduates started out in low-level jobs with low starting salaries, while some made great achievements several years later. 5．The simplicity of my childhood memories seems a world away from the complexities of adult life. 维度三　完成句子 1．在我看来，如果条件允许，每个人都应该尝试去追求自己的梦想，无论他们可能会面临什么挑战。(独立主格结构) As far as I am concerned, circumstance permitting, everyone should have a try at pursuing their dreams, regardless of the challenges they may face. 2．你应该清楚地意识到讲一口流利的英语需要多年的刻苦练习。 You should clearly recognize that it took years of hard work to speak fluent English． 3．只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。(强调句型) It is by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 4．老师建议我们在做出决定之前，应该考虑所有的可能性。 The teacher advised that we (should) consider all the possibilities before making a decision. [重教材　群文阅读] Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练 【改编自Understanding ideas】 As someone who grew up in the country, Zhang already knew about growing plants. However, like any entrepreneur who was just 1 ， she still had a lot to learn. She has overcome a number of obstacles in 2 her business to the success it is today. “The biggest challenge at the 3 phase was to persuade people to work for me, which was 4 outside my experience. Few in the village believed I could 5 a multi-million yuan business from flowers，” says Zhang. “After I went on TV, a major Asian manufacturer of cosmetics was willing to 6 my product and help with its distribution. It was only then that the locals began to 7 me. Now my product is one of the best in Asia. This year, I can pay all my fellow workers a(n) 8 bonus.” 1．A．starting out B．working out C．standing out D．standing up 2．A．enlarging B．improving C．nursing D．changing 3．A．final B．middle C．last D．initial 4．A．actually B．totally C．hopefully D．luckily 5．A．create B．gain C．obtain D．choose 6．A．explore B．advertise C．promote D．purchase 7．A．encourage B．persuade C．believe D．praise 8．A．extra B．decent C．unexpected D．normal 答案：1～5.ACDBA　6～8.DCB Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究 【改编自译林选必四U3】 Work to live, live to work If you were asked the question, “Do you work to live or live to work？”， what would your answer be? Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work. Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved. All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams. Henry David Thoreau said, “...if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.” Yang Liwei, for example, driven by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then China's first astronaut in space. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction. Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist, and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now. However, it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo. In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our chosen career path. 1．Why do people join the labour force? A．Because they love work. B．Because they want to be famous. C．Because they need the salary for financial independence. D．Because they are forced to. 2．What's the main idea of the second paragraph? A．Work is only for earning a living. B．Work helps us achieve our dreams and gives a sense of achievement. C．Henry David Thoreau's quote is the most important. D．Only Yang Liwei achieved his dream through work. 3．What can we infer from the passage? A．Education is not related to work. B．No one likes their work. C．We don't need new skills in the future. D．The workplace will keep changing in the future. 4．What does the underlined phrase “status quo” in the last paragraph mean? A．Present situation. B．New skills. C．Change. D．Dream. 答案：1～4.CBDA [过能力　综合提升] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A While the dream of most university graduates is to start a successful career in a big city, more and more young people are choosing to stay in their own hometowns so they can stay with their family and friends. For some young people, it is also a matter of making the quality of life for other people in their hometowns better. They also have a desire to improve and keep the natural and economic environments in these places for generations to come. Born in a small village in Southwest China, Li Dan decided not to follow many of her former classmates to the city after getting her degree at university. Instead, she returned to her village and started her own fruit-growing business. Working hard over the last several years, and taking advantage of new technology and the Internet, she has expanded her business to agritourism. Moreover, her company's annual income has reached six million yuan and more than 50 new jobs have been created. As a result, her decision has also helped to reduce poverty and improve the lives of many people in her village. With China's population expected to continue rising in the coming years, the government understands the importance of agriculture. It also understands that university graduates can develop new, creative ways of farming using modern technology. To help these young people with their bright and innovative ideas, the government is providing financial help. Government policies that aim to remove poverty are also having a beneficial effect. “Life in big cities is not all it's cracked up to be，” said Zhang Tao, from Binchuan county in Yunnan Province, adding that the air was bad, transport was terrible, and it was hard to make a decent living. What life in one's hometown offers is a strong support network, which is also a good one for getting new agribusinesses up and running quite quickly. Thus, it is no surprise that more new graduates are now attracted to life in the country, where they can fulfill personal goals and contribute to their local communities rather than just being white-collar professionals in big cities. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了越来越多的年轻人选择留在自己的家乡，为自己家乡的进步贡献出自己的一份力量。 1．What do some young people hope to achieve by returning to their hometowns? A．To have a good marriage. B．To improve the villagers' life. C．To greatly change the natural and economic environments. D．To escape the busy and hard city life. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For some young people...in their hometowns better.”可知，有些年轻人选择留在家乡是为了让家乡的人们的生活质量有所提高。 2．What can we learn about Li Dan from the passage? A．Li Dan returned to her hometown after meeting many difficulties in big cities. B．Li Dan returned to her hometown with her classmates. C．Li Dan can be so successful because a lot of villagers have helped her. D．Li Dan has a meaningful life in her hometown. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“As a result...many people in her village.”可知，李丹在家乡的事业帮助了许多家乡人，她的生活充满了意义。 3．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A．Life in big cities is wonderful. B．It is hard to live a comfortable life in big cities. C．It is good to live in big cities as well as in hometowns. D．Life is challenging for white-collar professionals in big cities. B　解析：句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“adding that the air was bad...hard to make a decent living”可知，大城市的生活并不像人们说的那么好。所以画线句意为“在大城市里很难过舒适的生活”。 4．Which of the following might be the best title? A．Dreams of Most University Graduates B．Hometowns or Big Cities? C．Better, Greener Lives Away from the City D．Life Full of Choices C　解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段及全文内容可知，越来越多的大学生选择远离城市，回到自己的家乡过舒适的生活。C项最适合作为文章标题。 B (2024·深圳高二期中)Millennials (千禧一代) who conduct “forward-looking financial strategies” tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives. Following a budget, saving money and shopping less have benefits “beyond the bound of personal finance”，according to a new study out of the University of Arizona. For the study，researchers collected data from 968 young adults born between the years 1981 and 1996, starting when they were freshmen in college (ages 18-21).They followed up with the same students when they were seniors, and then two years later (ages 23-26).The study participants answered questions about materialism, their own personal finance strategies such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed. Students were also surveyed about their mental health，including how satisfied they were with their lives and how they'd rank their personal well-being. “People who save money report better overall well-being，including less psychological pain，”Sabrina Helm，study author tells CNBC Make It. “And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms，so there's a positive mental health effect.” Not surprisingly，the money-saving strategies improved people's financial satisfaction too.“It gives you peace of mind，” Dr. Helm says. “If you're able to put something aside for worse days，and manage to live within your means，it has clear positive effects on mental health.” Certain sustainability efforts also have a similar impact on people's health and happiness. For example，researchers found that the students who consumed less to help the environment were happier than those who simply bought more “green” products. Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions, simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better tactic for your mental health，Dr. Helm explains. “It's normal to get a product to cope with all sorts of things，” Dr.Helm says，“but that contributes to climate change.” Luckily，there are concrete tips to “step back from the consumerist approach”，she adds.For example，she suggests keeping a weekly purchase diary and creating a shopping list. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究结果表明，采用积极的财务策略以调整自己购买习惯的“千禧一代”，不仅能更合理地规划自己的财务支出，其带来的好处更是与个人身心健康等有关。 5．How was the study conducted? A．By making a comparison between finance strategies. B．By keeping track of participants to collect their data. C．By conducting a detailed survey about mental health. D．By asking and answering questions about materialism. B　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，研究者一直在追踪同一批受试者，通过询问、调查等具体方式收集数据。 6．Which one of the following statements will Sabrina Helm agree with? A．Consuming less cures people of depressive symptoms. B．Mentally healthier people buy more and consume less. C．Saving money prevents people from psychological disorder. D．One's financial strategies relatively affect overall well-being. D　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，存钱的人总体上会更幸福，消费很少、节约钱的人在身心方面相对会更健康。由此可推知，塞布丽娜·赫尔姆会赞成“一个人的财务策略相对来说会影响整体的幸福”这一说法。 7．What does the underlined word “tactic” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Influence. B．Attitude. C．Strategy. D．Consumption. C　解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段画线词所在句“Although many people have been socialized...for your mental health”可知，尽管许多人已经被社会化，但简单地减少使用或购买物品的数量可能是对心理健康更好的方法。因此，画线词tactic意为“方法、策略”。 8．Which is the best title for the passage? A．How Can You Keep Mentally Healthy B．Saving Money Improves Financial Satisfaction C．Millennials Who Buy Less and Save More Are Happier D．Consumers' Shopping Habits Contribute to Climate Change C　解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段内容并结合全文可知，本文讲的是千禧一代遵循预算，多存钱少购物能提升他们生活的幸福感和满意度。因此，C项最适合作为文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空 Travel almost exhausted my savings this summer. When I 1 I had gone through all my credit card points, and my financial goal of saving 30% of my income wasn't 2 ，with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets, hotels, and food, I said no to a 3 who asked me to join him in going to Germany. But my friend 4 my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work. 5 ， I thought about my priorities (优先事项) and gave myself a daily allowance. 6 to live up to my self-made promise, I sat down to run the numbers. To make it through the rest of the month without breaking into my savings, I 7 the maximum amount I could spend. The 8 was $30 a day, for about three weeks. Competing with myself to 9 the number turned out to be a surprisingly satisfying 10 . In the end, I stuck to my goal and finished the month with my 11 on track. And I realised that a 12 amount keeps me much closer to hitting my target budget. I used to imagine I had pots of money every month, and that made it too 13 to overspend. So I made up my mind to 14 less later in the month. By sticking to my plan one day at a time, I was free from the 15 that I would run out of money at the end of the month. And arriving in Berlin, free from a financial black cloud back home, made every apple pie even sweeter. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过制订每天的花钱总额来平衡自己的财务状况的故事。 1．A．predicted B．imagined C．realised D．expected C　解析：根据下文中的“I had gone through all my credit card points”可知，作者意识到(realise)自己用完了信用卡积分。 2．A．changing B．happening C．passing D．failing B　解析：根据下文中的“with so much of my money being spent on plane tickets，hotels, and food”可知，作者存钱的目标没有实现(happen)。 3．A．friend B．traveler C．stranger D．neighbor A　解析：根据下文中的“But my friend”可知，是一位朋友(friend)邀请作者去德国。 4．A．played jokes on B．took hold of C．looked forward to D．took advantage of D　解析：根据下文中的“my tendency to say yes and asked me if I was sure I couldn't make it work”可知，朋友利用(take advantage of)了作者说“是”的习惯。 5．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Instead A　解析：根据上下文语境可知，空处所在句与上文为因果关系，朋友知道作者习惯同意，问作者是否确信自己做不到，因此(therefore)作者考虑了优先事项。 6．A．Glad B．Determined C．Afraid D．Unable B　解析：根据下文中的“to live up to my self-made promise, I sat down to run the numbers”可知，作者决心(determine)实现自己的诺言。 7．A．handed out B．picked out C．figured out D．kept out C　解析：根据下文中的“the maximum amount I could spend”可知，作者计算出(figure out)能花的最大金额。 8．A．total B．idea C．extra D．problem A　解析：根据下文中的“$30 a day，for about three weeks”可知，总数(total)是每天30美元，持续三周。 9．A．relate to B．give up C．stick to D．hold up C　解析：根据下文中的the number可知，此处指作者坚持(stick to)控制花钱的额度。 10．A．business B．moment C．project D．challenge D　解析：根据上文内容可知，此处指作者挑战(challenge)自己能否坚持预算。 11．A．finances B．plans C．incomes D．gains A　解析：根据上文中的“I stuck to my goal”可知，作者坚持了自己的计划，所以财务(finance)状况步入正轨。 12．A．weekly B．monthly C．yearly D．daily D　解析：根据上文中的“was $30 a day”可知，作者制订的是每天的(daily)花钱数额。 13．A．quick B．safe C．easy D．good C　解析：根据上文中的“I used to imagine I had pots of money every month”和下文中的to overspend并结合常识可知，每个月都想象着自己有一大笔钱，这太容易(easy)让自己超支。 14．A．waste B．spend C．save D．lose B　解析：根据下文中的“less later in the month”以及上文提到作者过去想着自己有一大笔钱，而这太容易让作者超支，所以作者想通过月底少花钱(spend)来弥补。 15．A．pain B．mistake C．need D．worry D　解析：根据下文中的“I would run out of money at the end of the month”可知，此处指作者担心(worry)月底没钱。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $