Unit 4 Section Ⅱ Understanding ideas-【新课程能力培养】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册练习手册（外研版）

Unit 4 Every Section I Starting out 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.economic;economical;economy 2.donation;donor 3.current;current 二、短语英汉互译 1.have...in common (with)2.economic activities 3.exchange...for.…4.in the shape of5.呈现…形 状6.把…带回到7.纸钞8.在下降，在衰退中 三、句子英汉互译 1.The two games have much/a lot in common 2.Economy had to be practiced. 3.在经济发达国家，女性结婚比较晚。 4.同许多国家一样，美国也处在经济萧条时期。 拓展训练 【.语法填空 1.winning 2.which 3.to 4.shortly 5.have ex- perimented 6 earlier 7.While/Though/Although 8 tourists 9.developed 10.it Ⅱ.阅读理解 1-4 AADC a Section Il Understanding ideas 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.head 2.chairman 3.potential 4.enterprise;en- trepreneurial 5.output 6.manufacture 7.purchase 8.distribute 9.guide 10.consult 二、单句语法填空 1.guidance 2.distribution 3.enterprising 4.poten- tial 5.surrounding 6.be purchased 7.phases 8.that 9.consultant 10.bitten 三、短语英汉互译 1.as to 2.a world away from...3.take a deep breath 4.row upon row of 5.start out 6.end up doing 7.喜欢8.迷上…：对…着迷9.带着…的希 望10.不在某人经验范围之内11.一笔丰厚的奖金 12.经营自己的生意 四、句子英汉互译 1.She was appointed chairwoman of the local educa- tion committee,which was beyond expectation. 2.The biggest challenge is how to focus on achieving 参考答案。 day economics our present goal 3.He went to bed complaining of an acute pain in the forehead 4.What really matters is a sound business plan. 5.It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 6.She is not the only young person to have been bit- ten by the start-up bug. 7.She received very little career guidance when young. 8.从电视塔顶往下看，我感到一阵头晕。 9.听到这个消息时，我的大脑一片空白。 10.一些有创业精神的学生正在设计软件。 五、句式转换 1.They stared back,their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next 2.The biggest challenge at the initial phase was to persuade people to work for me,which was totally outside my experience. 3.Though she welcomes the new entrepreneurial spi- rit,she advises that people be realistic and seek guidance from expert consultants before rushing into things. 4.What really matters is a sound business plan,access to capital,and good management and negotiating skills. 拓展训练 阅读理解 A:1~4 ADDC B:1~4 ABAC Section lll Using language 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.convention 2.discrimination 3.inferior 4.sub- jective;objective 5.ration 6.finance 7.accumulation 8.automatic 二、单句语法填空 1.subjectively 2.to 3.discrimination 4.interfer- ing 5.conventional 6.accumulate 7.to 8.where 9.at 10.exceeding 三、短语英汉互译 1.make ends meet 2.build credit 3.stay afloat 4.interfere with5.go into debt6.传统的系统7.（在 品质上)比……更好；（在职位上）比…更高8.年 费9.记住10.约定的信用额度 拓展训练 I.阅读理解 1~3 BCD 105Section II Unde 基础巩固 一、词性转化 1.forehead(n.)额，前额→ (n.) 头部 2.chairwoman(n.)女主席；女会长→ (n.)主席；会长 3.potential(n.)(事物的)潜力，可能 性→ (ad.)潜在的，可能的 4.enterprising(ad.)有事业心的；有进取 心的→ (n.)企（事）业单位； 进取心→ (ad山.)创业的，具有 创业精神的 5.input(n.)投入（物)→ (n.) 产量；作品 6.manufacturer(n.)制造商；制造公司，制 造厂→ (u.)生产，制造 7.purchase(v.)购买→ (n.)购 买；采购 8.distribution(n.)（商品的)分销，经 营→ (.)分发；分配；分销 9.guidance(n.)指导，引导→ (u.)指导，引导(n.)导游 10.consultant(n.)顾问→ (u.)咨 询；请教 二、单句语法填空 1.Under the (guide)of the teacher, he makes great progress. 2.There is no denying that the unfair distribute)of wealth still exists nowadays. Unit 4 Everyday economics rstanding ideas 3.I hope that my_ (enterprise)expe- rience inspires you. 4.All children should be encouraged to realize their full (potential). 5.He has been working hard so as to earn enough money to buy an apartment in the (surround)area. 6.Insurance can purchase)to provide protection against such risks. 7.She might,in one of her (phase), have been a success. 8.It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat. 9.The decoration (consult)said the old house should be furnished with fancy rather than conventional furniture. 10.Tom has been (bite)by the fishing bug since our last summer camp. 三、短语英汉互译 1.关于，至于 2.一个远离…的世界 3.深呼吸 4.鳞次栉比的 5.开始；启动 6.最后处于… 7.be fond of 8.be bitten by the...bug 9.in the hope of 10.outside one's experience 练(55 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） 11.a decent bonus 12.run one's own business 四、句子英汉互译 1.她被任命为当地教育委员会的主席，这着 实出乎大家的预料。 2.目前我们最大的挑战是如何集中精力实现 我们当前的目标。 3.他上床睡觉了，抱怨着额头的剧痛。 4.真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划。 5.直到他妻子回来，他才上床睡觉。 6.她并不是唯一一个被创业的热情吸引的年 轻人。 7.她年轻的时候没受过什么就业指导。 8.I felt dizzy when I looked down from the top of the television tower. 9.When I heard the news,my mind went blank. (56)练 10.Some entrepreneurial students are design- ing software. 五、句式转换 想想看，教材中是怎样表达相同意思 的？都使用了什么句子结构或表达方式？ 1.They stared back and their faces showed no clue that could help her know what they were going to say next. 2.I had never tried to talk people into work- ing for me before,and this was the biggest challenge at the beginning of my business. 3.She likes young people's enthusiasm for starting their own businesses.However,she suggests that they should be practical in the face of the reality,and they'd better ask ex- perts for advice before hurrying into any- thing. 4.There are some very important things:a reasonable business plan,a way to get in- vestment,and good skills to run the busi- ness and communicate with people. 六、小练笔 你认为Business Blossoms中，是什么促 成了张悦的成功？你认为年轻人在自主创业 时还会遇到什么其他的困难？你想过将来自 己创业吗？通过回答这些问题，写一写你的 心理感受。请写到你的小练笔本上。 拓展训练 阅读理解 A Once the choice of royal household,the watermelon has gained popularity rapidly over the years,and an online grocer reported that the fruit's sales on the platform had increased sixfold from 2020 to 2022,resulting in in- creasingly high demand for watermelon quali- ty testers Lee,32,is extremely busy in the summer months.Just by holding the watermelon near his ear and knocking on the surface with his fingers,Lee says,he can tell by the sound if the fruit is ripe enough to be eaten or not.He works for a rural cooperative set up by a group of watermelon farmers,and puts thou- sands of watermelons through the "knock test" daily,before they are shipped to downtown warehouses where the platform sources its sup- plies. The practice of knocking on watermelons to determine their ripeness can be found across cultures.In China,it is considered a national habit.Smart buyers tap on the fruit before purchase to ensure their money is well- Unit 4 Everyday economics spent.Some buyers knock on the fruit despite not knowing what the hollow sound means just to negotiate a better deal from the seller. As fruit sales have moved to online plat- forms in a big way,those who make a living by checking the quality of the fruits with their fingers are much in demand.Lee is one among the growing group.Their task is to conduct knock tests on behalf of e-buyers and ensure that the fruits selected to be sold online are uniform in size and quality. Lee,who was once an award-winning soccer player,now describes himself as a “goalkeeper for watermelons'”.He quit soccer about four years ago and learned about me- lon-knocking as an emerging profession and decided to become an apprentice(学徒)to an experienced farmer. After a year's trial and error,Lee worked independently as a quality checker."It is a highly demanding task.During the apprentice- ship,I often cracked open melons to confirm my judgment.There are just no shortcuts,"he said. ()1.What is the main purpose of the text? A.To introduce an emerging pro- fession. B.To describe Lee's career trans- formation. C.To discuss the importance of fruit quality testers. D.To explain the cultural role of watermelon-knocking. 练 57 N 高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版） ()2.What has led to the high demand for watermelon quality testers? A.The popularity of watermelons. B.The big harvest of watermelons. C.An increase in watermelon prices. D.A rapid rise in online waterme- lon sales. ()3.Why does Lee describe himself as a "goalkeeper for watermelons"? A.He was once an award-winning soccer player. B.He dreams of being a profes- sional melon-knocker. C.He was taught by an experi- enced watermelon farmer. D.He ensures that customers enjoy watermelons of quality. ()4.What can we learn from Lee's words in the last paragraph? A.Seeing is believing. B.Every man has his value. C.Great efforts and practice matter. D.Excellence can be found in any profession. In today's interconnected world,main- taining personal independence is more impor- tant than ever.While cooperating with and re- lying on others are essential aspects of modern life,an overdependence on external(外部的) systems,technology,or individuals can gradu- ally destroy autonomy,kill personal growth, and compromise one's ability to deal with (58)练 challenges. First,independence develops self-reliance and adaptability.In a rapidly changing world, individuals must adapt to unexpected circum- stances,.from economic downturns(衰退)to technological disruptions.For example,some- one who has developed financial knowledge and self-sufficiency is better equipped to han- dle economic challenges than someone who relies entirely on others for support.Indepen- dence enables individuals to take control of their lives and make informed decisions with- out being overly influenced by external forces. Second,independence promotes personal growth and self-fulfillment.Relying too much on others can limit one's opportunities to ex- plore,take risks,and learn from mistakes. When individuals independently pursue their goals and passions,they gain confidence, skills,and a sense of purpose.For example, starting a personal project or business without external backing challenges people to innovate and think critically,developing creativity and problem-solving abilities. Maintaining independence protects indi- viduality and personal identity in a world where conformity(遵从)is often encour-. aged.Social media and cultural trends can pressure individuals to agree with popular opinions or adopt popular lifestyles,potentially hiding their true selves.Independence allows people to form their own beliefs,values,and priorities,making them more empowered to contribute uniquely to society. Critics might argue that independence risks isolation or the loss of community val- ues.However,independence does not prevent cooperation or meaningful relationships.In fact,truly independent individuals often bring more value to relationships because they con- tribute from a place of strength and confidence rather than dependency. Maintaining independence in today's soci- ety is vital for personal growth.While mutual support and interdependence are valuable,they should not come at the cost of autonomy. Keeping a balance between cooperation and independence ensures individuals can thrive in an ever-evolving world. ()1.Who may handle economic chal- lenges better according to Para- graph 2? A.People depending on themselves. B.People making innovative deci- sions. C.People influenced by external forces. D.People relying on unexpected Unit 4 Everyday economics settings. )2.Why does independence matter in a world encouraging conformity? A.It makes people form common beliefs. B.It allows people to maintain self- hood. C.It enables people to lead cultural trends. D.It helps people develop their in- telligence. )3.Which can best describe an inde- pendent person in relationships? A.Confident and helpful. B.Isolated and indifferent. C.Cooperative and proud. D.Critical and autonomous. )4.How is the passage mainly deve- loped? A.By inferring and comparing. B.By showing cause and effect. C.By giving opinions and exam- ples. D.By stating problems and solu- tions. 练(59