2026年沪教版英语八年级下册寒假预习Unit2讲义

八年级下册学习1 学生 日期 2026 时间 课题 八年级下册U2学习（沪教新版） 课前小练习 1. 我们应该尽全力去帮助那些需要食物的穷人。 We should try our best to____________ the poor people ____________ ____________of food. 2. 现在相当多的老年人受着心脏病的折磨。 Nowadays many old people ____________ ____________ heart illnesses. 3. 志愿者们给病人们唱歌跳舞以振奋他们的精神。 The volunteers sang and danced for the patients to ____________ ____________ ____________. 4. 露西起的很早是为了赶上头班火车。 Lucy got up early ____________ ____________ ____________ catch the early train. 5. 如果员工想在新年休假10天的话是要报请批准的。 Every employee should ____________ ____________ if he wants to have a ten-day holiday for the new year. 八年级下册U2单词默写 Unit 2 单词 词性 音标 中文释义 默写 shake v. /ʃeɪk/ 摇动；抖动 clap v. /klæp/ 鼓掌；拍手 madam n. /ˈmædəm/ 夫人；女士 boss n. /bɒs/ 老板 expression n. /ɪkˈspreʃn/ 表情；神色 impression n. /ɪmˈpreʃn/ 印象 hold v. /həʊld/ 使保持（在某位置） observe v. /əbˈzɜ:v/ 注意到；观察到 remind v. /rɪˈmaɪnd/ 提醒；使想起 ballet n. /ˈbæleɪ/ 芭蕾舞 emphasize v. /ˈemfəsaɪz/ 强调（标 *） nod v. /nɒd/ 点头 meaning n. /ˈmi:nɪŋ/ 意义；意思 immediately adv. /ɪˈmi:diətli/ 立即；马上；立刻 shy adj. /ʃaɪ/ 羞怯的；腼腆的 case n. /keɪs/ 具体情况；事例 direct adj. /dəˈrekt/ 直接的 truly adv. /ˈtru:li/ 真诚地 suppose v. /səˈpəʊz/ 假定；假设 behaviour n. /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ 行为；举止 uncomfortable adj. /ʌnˈkʌmftəbl/ 不自在的 一．首字母填空。 1. He n______ and said yes to my plan just now. 2. The children c______ their hands excitedly when the show began. 3. My mother always r______ me to take an umbrella on rainy days. 4. The teacher e______ the key points three times in yesterday’s class. 5. She s______ hands with her pen pal when they met for the first time. 6. We o______ the traffic rules carefully when we walk on the street every day. 7. He h______ the baby in his arms and walked slowly. 8. The music t______ made me think of my best friend who lives abroad. 9. She b______ for five years and she will take part in a competition next month. 10. In most cases, people s______ to keep quiet in the museum. 二．用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He ______ (nod) his head and agreed to go with us together. 2. They ______ (shake) hands warmly when they met at the station. 3. All the fans ______ (clap) their hands for the singer’s wonderful song. 4. The little boy is so ______ (shy) that he dare not speak in public. 5. Can you understand the ______ (mean) of this English sentence? 八年级下册U2重点短语 短语 短语 中文释义 默写 hold something up 抬起 sit up 坐起来；坐直 make a good impression on 给…… 留下好印象 eye contact 目光接触 pay attention 注意 完成句子 1. You should __________ ____________ (坐直) when you have a class. 2. Please __________ ____________ (抬起) your hands if you know the answer. 3. It’s important to __________ ____________ __________ __________ __________(给…… 留下好印象) your new teachers on the first day of school. 4. We need to __________ ____________ (注意) to the teacher when he is speaking. 5. Good __________ ____________ (目光接触) can make your communication more effective. 6. She always __________ ____________ (坐直) in the library to read books carefully. 7. Don’t be afraid to make __________ ____________ (目光接触) with others when you talk. 单项选择 ( ) 1.My cousin has got a chance ___________ in the UK next year. How lucky he is! A. working B. working C. to work D. worked ( ) 2.The top students often say _________ English for 15 minutes every day is one of the good ways to improve English. A. reading B. read C. reads D. to reading ( ) 3. He left the classroom without _________ a word. A. to say B. say C. saying D. Said ( ) 4.You don’t give people a good_________, so people chose Debbie instead of you. A. impression B. instruction C. impressive D instruct ( ) 5. A few moment _______, she left with a smile. A. after B. before C. later D. late ( ) 6. “Don’t always make Michael ______ this or that. He is already a big boy.” A. do B. to do C. does D. did 八年级下册U2语法学习：动名词 观察 1. Smiling shows that you are happy. 2. Singing is our maths teacher’s hobby. 3. Dancing and playing basketball are my favorite hobbies. 4. Debbie enjoys smiling and always looks friendly. 总结： 1. 动词ing形式可以做________语，也可以做________语。 2. 动词ing形式可以做________语时，主语是单数，谓语动词用________形式。 两个或两个以上不同的动名词做主语时，主语是复数。 1、 动名词的定义 动名词是由“动词原形+ing”构成，具有名词的功能。 主语 宾语 表语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 动名词doing √ √ √ × √ × 动名词的功能及用法 功能 例句 1 作主语 Learning from others is important . 向别人学习很重要。 2 作宾语 1. Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟。 2.Do you mind my opening the windows? 你介意我打开窗户吗？ 3 作表语 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 4 作定语 1.She is studying in the reading room. 她在阅览室学习。 2.He slept in the sleeping bag. 他在睡袋里睡觉。 1.--I usually go there by train. --Why not _________ by boat for a change? A.to try going B. trying to go C.to try and go D.try going 2. --The light in the office is still on. --Oh, I forgot _______ it off. A. turning B.turn C.to turn D.having turned 3. --Where is my passport?I remember _______ it here. --You shouldn’t have left it here. Remember _______ it with you all the time. A.to put;to take B.putting;taking C.putting;to take D.to put;taking 4.The teacher told the students to stop _____ to him. A.to write and listen B.writing and listening C.to write and listening D.writing and to listen. 5.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done 6.--Can you finish ________ these books before 10 o’clock? --Yes, I can. A. to read B.read C.reads D.reading 7.Excuse me, would you mind _______ your voice down, please? A. to keep B.keeping C.keep D.kept 8.The girl practices _______ the piano every day. A. play B.playing C.to play D.plays 9.My sister is interested in ________. A. sing B.sings C.singing D.sang 10.He kept _______ there without _______ to anybody. A.sitting;talk B.to sit;to talk C.sitting;talking D.sit;talking 中译英 1. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _______ _______ ______ _______.（关掉它） 2. She ought to stop ______（工作）. She has a headache because she has read too long. 3. Is it necessary _______ _______ （返还）the book tomorrow? 4. Last summer I took a course on ______ ______ ______ ______.（如何做连衣裙） 5. Frank is the kind of person who people like to ______ ______ ______. （做朋友） 归纳1：以下动词后面必须跟ing形式 动词 中文 _____________doing 完成做某事 _____________doing 练习做某事 _____________doing 喜欢做某事 _____________doing 不停做某事 _____________doing 花费（时间、金钱）做某事 _____________doing 介意做某事 归纳2: 以下结构中必须跟ing形式。 词组 中文 _____________doing 忙于做某事 be worth doing __________________________ can’t stop doing 做某事停不下来 can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事 have a good time doing __________________________ _____________doing 阻止某人做某事 _____________doing 做.....有困难 prefer doing to doing __________________________ _____________doing 期待做...... be used to doing __________________________ pay attention to doing 注意...... _____________doing? 做......怎么样？ 归纳3：动名词做主语时，谓语动词用_____________（单数/复数） 1. _____________（read）books _____________（make）one wise. 2. _____________（collect）stamps _____________（be）interesting. 3. _____________（walk）_____________（be）a good form of exercise for both young and old. 4. _____________（plant）flowers _____________（need）constant watering. 5. _____________（learning）a theory and ____（put）it into practice____（be）two different things. 一．选择题 ( )1.__________English well is important to us. A.Learn B.To learn C.Learning D.Learnt ( )2.He was busy __________ his homework. After a short rest, he went on __________it. A.to do, doing B.to do, with C.doing, with D.doing, to do ( )3.Thank you for __________me __________some water. A.to help, to carry B.to help, carrying C.helping, carrying D.helping, to carry ( )4.________other students’ homework is wrong. A.Coping B.Copies C.Copied D.Copy ( )5.At the weekend, I prefer ________at home to ________ out. A.stay, going B.staying, go C.staying, going D.to stay, go ( )6.______ such a person to join us is a waste of time! A.Persuade B.Persuading C.Persuaded D.Persuades ( )7.--Mum, I am hungry.---What about __________to McDonald’s _____fired chicken? A.to go, eat B.going, eat C.to go, to eat D.going, to eat 二．选择正确的动词填空（正确形式） breathe do hear organize smoke take use walk 1. She is tired of ____________ the dirty air in the city centre. 2. She keeps on____________ to school instead of ____________ a bus. 3. He finally gave up ____________. 4. She is used to ____________a handkerchief instead of tissue. 5. She was interested in ____________the puzzle. 6. She looks forward to ____________ from her new e-friend. 7. She is good at ____________party activities. 八年级下册U2测试 一．语法选择 Gestures are the “silent language” of every culture. We point fingers or move ___1___ part of the body____2____what we want to say. It is important to know the body language of every country____3____we may be misunderstood. In the United States, people greet each other with____4___handshake in formal Introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand____5____the other’s arm or shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet with a hug. Space is Important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand two and half____6____(69 centimeters) away and at an angle(角)____7__they are not facing each other____8____. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too close. They will move back to have their____9____. If Americans touch another person by accident, they say, “Pardon me.” or “Excuse me.” Americans like to look the other person in the eyes when they are talking. If you___10___ do so, it means you are bored,____11____something, or are not interested.____12___when you stare at someone, it is impolite. ____13____a culture’s body language is sometimes very difficult, if you don’t know____14___, the____15____thing to do is to smile. 1. ( )A. other B. others C. another D. the other 2. ( )A. show B. to show C. shows D. showed 3. ( )A. and B. so C. but D. or 4. ( )A. a B. an C. the D. / 5. ( )A. over B. on C. under D. behind 6. ( )A. foot B. foots C. feets D. feet 7. ( )A. though B. while C. because D. so 8. ( )A. direct B. directly C. directed D. direction 9. ( )A. space B. spaces C. a space D. a spaces 10. ( )A. won’t B. didn’t C. don’t D. aren’t 11. ( )A. hide B. hid C. hidden D. hiding 12. ( )A. Unless B. Therefore C. But D. Whenever 13. ( )A. Learn B. Learns C. Learning D. Learnt 14. ( )A. how to do B. what to do C. when to go D. where to go 15. ( )A. safer B. safest C. saves D. saved 二．动词后面加动词原型，不定式，V-ing的归纳。（至少写出五个） 动词+doing 动词+do 动词+to do 三．既可以加doing又可以加to do的单词归纳（至少写出五个） 四．选择题 ( )1.Taking pictures _________ very interesting. A.is B.are C.to be D.be ( )2._________ the bad news made him cry. A.Hear B.Heard C.Hearing D.Is hearing ( )3.I’ll finish______ the book before he comes. A.to read B.to have read C.reading D.read ( )4.I always enjoy ______ to popular music at night. A.to listen B.listening C.that I can listen D.if I can listen ( )5.I prefer reading________ sleeping. A.than B.for C.instead of D.to ( )6.We are looking forward ________ my friends next week. A.to seeing B.to see C.seeing D.will see ( )7.He spent a lot of money ______ books and magazines. A.buy B.buying C.to buy D.bought ( )8.She went out without ______ good-bye to us. A.say B.to say C.saying D.being said ( )9.The curious student kept on ______ questions. A.asks B.asking C.to ask D.asked ( )10.These keys are for ______ the drawers of the desk. A.locking B.to lock C.lock D.locks 参考答案： 课前小练习 1. help; in need 2. suffer from 3. cheer them up 4. in order to 5. ask permission 一、首字母填空 1. nodded 2. clapped 3. reminds 4. emphasized 5. shook 6. observe 7. held 8. truly 9. has learnt ballet 10. are supposed 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. nodded 2. shook 3. clapped 4. shy 5. meaning 重点短语 完成句子 1. sit up 2. hold up 3. make a good impression on 4. pay attention 5. eye contact 6. sits up 7. eye contact 单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 语法学习：动名词 总结 1. 主；宾 2. 主；单数 动名词专项选择题 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.C 中译英 1. to turn it off 2. working 3. to return 4. how to make dresses 5. make friends with 动名词归纳 归纳 1 finish; practice; enjoy; keep; spend; mind 归纳 2 be busy; 值得做某事；做某事玩得开心；stop sb from; have difficulty (in); 比起做某事更喜欢做某事；look forward to; 习惯于做某事；What about/How about 归纳 3 单数 1. Reading; makes 2. Collecting; is 3. Walking; is 4. Planting; needs 5. Learning; putting; are 动名词选择题（二） 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.B 7.D 选择正确的动词填空（正确形式） 1. breathing 2. walking; taking 3. smoking 4. using 5. doing 6. hearing 7. organizing U2 测试 一、语法选择 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.B 二、动词 + doing/do/to do 归纳（各 5 个及以上） · 动词 + doing：finish, practice, enjoy, keep, spend, mind, avoid, miss · 动词 + do：let, make, have, help, watch, see, hear, notice · 动词 + to do：want, hope, plan, decide, learn, need, try, wish, agree 三、既可加 doing 又可加 to do 的单词归纳（5 个及以上） 1. try：try doing sth 尝试做某事；try to do sth 尽力做某事 2. stop：stop doing sth 停止做某事；stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事 3. remember：remember doing sth 记得做过某事；remember to do sth 记得要做某事 4. forget：forget doing sth 忘记做过某事；forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 5. like：like doing sth 喜欢做某事（习惯性）；like to do sth 喜欢做某事（具体某次） 6. love：love doing sth/love to do sth 喜欢做某事 7. start：start doing sth/start to do sth 开始做某事 8. begin：begin doing sth/begin to do sth 开始做某事 四、选择题 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.A 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $