UNIT 3 教材原文助读 5-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲 教材助读 语基默写】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦“多元文化”主题，系统梳理单元核心词汇（如admit, occur, seek one's fortune等）、语法结构（定语从句、非限制性定语从句、独立主格结构等）及旧金山移民历史、淘金热等文化背景，搭建从词汇理解到语法分析再到文化解读的学习支架。 该资料以日记体阅读文本为载体，语言能力层面通过词汇注释与语法解析提升学生语言理解与表达能力，文化意识层面借助多文化交融案例（如唐人街、墨西哥-中国美食）培育跨文化认知，思维品质层面通过文本逻辑分析促进推断与评价能力。课中辅助教师整合语言知识与文化内涵，课后助力学生复习巩固，弥补知识盲点。

UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES 教材原文助读 5 教材原文助读5 ①admit [əd'mIt] vi. & vt.承认 vt.准许进入 (或加入)　 ②definitely ['defInətli] adv.肯定；确实 ③be able to 能，能够 ④occur [ə'kɜː(r)] vi. 发生；出现 It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人忽然想到…… ⑤downtown [ˌdaʊn'taʊn] adv. 在市中心；往市中心 ⑥mission['mIʃn] n．传教(区)；重要任务；使命 ⑦used to be 过去是(暗含现在的情况已经发生变化) be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯(做)某事 be used to do...被用来做…… ⑧graffiti [ɡrə'fiːti] n. [pl.] 涂鸦；胡写乱画 ⑨comic ['kɒmIk] n. 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj. 滑稽的；使人发笑的 ⑩afterwards ['ɑːftəwədz] (NAmE usually afterward) adv. 以后；后来 ⑫head to (朝……) 前进；(向……)去 head for/towards 朝……前进 ⑬historical [hI'stɒrIkl] adj. (有关)历史的 ⑭a gold rush 淘金热 ⑮seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 seek [siːk] vt.& vi. 寻找；寻求；争取； (向人)请求 seek to do 尝试/尽力做 seek advice from sb. 向某人征求建议 ⑯earn/make a living (＝earn/make one's living) 谋生 earn [ɜːn] vt. & vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得 ⑰open up 打开(建筑物 的门)；开发；开设；开封(瓶盒)；拆开(包裹、信封) ⑱Chinatown 唐人街， 中国城 ⑲immigrant ['ImIɡrənt] n．(外来) 移民；外侨 ⑳select [sI'lekt] vt. 选择；挑选；选拔 selection n．挑选，选拔 serve vt. 服务；端上 (饭菜、茶等)；供应； 可用作 serve as 充当；用作 china ['tʃaInə] n．瓷； 瓷器 a china vase 瓷花瓶 jazz [dʒæz] n．爵士乐 bar [bɑː(r)] n．酒吧； 小吃店；小馆子 Wednesday, 21 June Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley. [1] I have to admit① that it definitely② feels good to be back in the city again. [2]And what a city—a city that was able to③ rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred④ in 1906.[3] There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge. [1]本句为复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中it作形式主语，to be back in the city again作真正的主语。 [2]本句中包含两个that引导的定语从句，分别修饰先行词a city和the earthquake，并均在从句中作主语，that不能省略。 [3]“There are...buildings”为there be句型；“many sitting on top of big hills”为独立主格结构。 My hotel is near downtown⑤， in the Mission⑥ District, one of the oldest parts of the city. Many of the people [4]living here are from Mexico or Central America. This district used to be⑦ a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement [5]called the “Mission School” started here. It's influenced by graffiti⑧ art and comic⑨ art. I walked around [6]looking at the street art for a few hours. It was quite modern and lively. Afterwards⑩， I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. A real mix of⑪ cultures here! [4]此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，因为被修饰词people 和 live之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。 [5]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，因为被修饰词 movement 和 call之间为被动关系，故用过去分词。 [6]此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 　In the afternoon, I headed to⑫ a local museum [7]that showed the historical⑬ changes in California. I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848. In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, [8]which started a gold rush⑭. Over 300, 000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune⑮， and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. [9]To earn a living⑯， some opened up⑰ shops and restaurants in Chinatown⑱. Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country. The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants⑲ from different countries and cultures. When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and built a new home here. [7]此处为that 引导的定语从句，指物，并在从句中作主语，that可替换为 which, 但不能省略。 [8]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代主句的内容。 [9]此处为动词不定式短语作目的状语。 This evening, I went to Chinatown. [10]There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from. I selected⑳ a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates. What great food! [10]本句为there be句型，其中to choose from 为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 cafés and restaurants；choose from表示“从……中选择”。 That's enough for today. Tomorrow evening, I'm going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District. Can't wait！ 6月21日，星期三 在红杉林露营并参观了纳帕谷酒乡后，今天是我回到旧金山的第一天。我不得不承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座得以在1906年发生地震后重建的城市。这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅，城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。 我住的旅馆靠近市中心，位于教会区，这是旧金山最古老的街区之一。住在这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域，而现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。事实上，一场名为“教会派”的艺术运动就发源于此。这一运动深受涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏着街头艺术。这些艺术十分现代，也很生动。随后，我吃了一份快餐车售卖的美味的墨西哥式中国面。这真是文化的交融啊！ 下午，我前往当地的一家博物馆，博物馆展示了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。我了解到，1848年美国从墨西哥手中得到加利福尼亚。同年，旧金山附近发现黄金，引发了淘金热。30多万人从世界各地蜂拥而至，在这里寻找他们的致富道路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。很多中国人也在这个时期来到此地。为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店和餐馆。更多的人则在农场打工、加入淘金大军，或者参与修建加利福尼亚通往美国东部地区的铁路。这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建立起来的。当这些移民离开他们的祖国时，他们心中装着一片故土，并在这里建立了新的家园。 今晚，我去了唐人街。这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘上的。多么好吃的食物啊！ 今天就写到这里吧。明天晚上，我要去里士满区的一家爵士乐酒吧。我已经迫不及待了！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $