专题05 阅读理解之体裁命题研究（专题专练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题05 阅读理解之体裁命题研究 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型阅读理解体裁综合练（原创&最新模拟） B组·抢分能力练 题型02重难创新练（阅读理解） 1.（2026·湖南省湘潭市二模） Downtown Vancouver Bike Rentals We have hundreds of rental bikes in our central shop in Vancouver, ranging from comfortable city cruisers and e-bikes to high-performance road bikes for seasoned riders. All bike rentals include complimentary (附赠的) helmets, locks, baskets or handlebar bags & a map. Book online to guarantee your bike, or walk-in to check out our selection — we always keep some bikes available for walk-in rentals. Prices are subject to 5% GST (商品及服务税). Rentals can be cancelled with a minimum 24 hours notice. Credit card and photo ID required for rentals. Below are the most chosen ones. CITY TOURING STEP-THROUGH BIKEEnjoy comfortable and easy riding with our City Touring Step-Through bike. Its low step-through frame makes getting on and off a breeze, while the upright riding position ensures a relaxed cruise along the seawall. Lightweight and equipped with 7 gears (档位), it’s perfect for leisurely explorations through Vancouver’s scenic routes: TANDEM BIKEExperience the fun of cycling Vancouver together on our eye-catching red. or sleek silver tandem bikes! Equipped with powerful disc brakes and 24 speeds for easy riding. Great for couples, families, or those with varying cycling abilities. Available in four sizes, call to inquire about sizing in advance. Hourly (l hr min) $10 Hourly (1 hr min) $20 Half day (3 to 5 hrs) $30 Half day (3 to 5 hrs) $60 Full day (until close) $50 Full day (until close) $80 1．What can be learned about the bike rental service? A．Discounts apply to online renters. B．E-bikes require extra safety gear. C．Some bikes are kept for instant rentals. D．Road bikes are the most popular. 2．What are the renters required to do? A．Bring their own helmets. B．Provide identification. C．Reserve 24 hours in advance. D．Pay a deposit in cash. 3．How much should you pay for renting a tandem bike for a full day? A．$50. B．$52.5. C．$80. D．$84. 2.We initiated the bus trips when I was around seven years old. Back then, we lived at our grandparents’ house in Oceanside, California. Our financial situation became increasingly strained after my father, who had dedicated over two decades to serving in the U.S. Air Force, honorably retired and subsequently encountered challenges in securing a stable position in the civilian workforce. We were also struggling to find an affordable place to call our own. It would have been easy to give in to frustration. But mom had other ideas, using the situation to give my brother Jess and me fond memories that would affect our perspective forever. However, I only appreciated the full extent of her wisdom many years later. Once or twice a week, she would lead us to the bus stop, and from there we would “see the world”. The public transportation system was extensive, and with one ticket we could ride all day. My mom studied the routes carefully and guided us to a variety of destinations. Among our favorites was the mall in Carlsbad. At its center stood a glass clock tower with gears (齿轮) that rolled plastic balls along rails, bouncing them onto drums and ramps, then lifting them up again to repeat the cycle. The sight always drew a small crowd, mostly children. On other days, we took the bus to Strand Beach, where we watched ships in the distance and heard helicopters and aircraft soaring overhead toward the naval (海军的) base at Camp Pendleton. Every trip we took felt like a grand expedition, and I was grateful to my mom for making that difficult period so enjoyable. Eventually, my father found a steady job, and we moved into a home in the countryside. My mom did more than distract us from our troubles. She instilled in us enthusiasm for keeping our eyes open and appreciating the world that was ours without having to really pay anything. Most importantly, she showed us that regardless of where we were, and what we were going through, there was something we could smile about somewhere. 1．Why did the family face difficulties? A．The father lost his job in the U.S. Air Force. B．The family had no fixed place of residence. C．They lived far away from the city. D．They lacked financial stability. 2．What was the mother’s primary purpose of the trip? A．To build a positive attitude to the world. B．To promote her husband at the naval base. C．To find a new home in the countryside. D．To explore job opportunities in Carlsbad. 3．What does the author most appreciate about his mom now? A．Her knowledge of public transportation. B．Her skill in planning detailed travel routes. C．Her wisdom in shaping their outlook on life. D．Her patience during their financial struggles. 4．Which word best describes the mother? A．Ambitious. B．Resourceful. C．Adventurous. D．Protective. 3.（2026·广东省佛山市普通高中教学质量检测（一））On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity. The new scenery marks a major milestone in campus sustainability. In 2025, UCLA became the first university in California to earn the Green Grounds Certification from the nonprofit Re: wild Your Campus, which recognizes the school’s efforts to improve human health and biodiversity. For years, colleges have used rewilding as a way to restore biodiversity and bring a more natural look to their grounds with native plants. But too often, they miss a critical piece of the puzzle: the chemicals being used elsewhere on campus. While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used. This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted. Adopting a holistic approach to land care does more than just create healthier campus environments; it reinforces the reality that colleges are interconnected microcosms (缩影) of larger environmental systems. In many cities, universities offer some of the largest areas of open space, yet the chemicals applied to grasslands can impact nearby rivers, lakes, and drinking water. Students and all the teaching staff are increasingly recognizing this, leading to more advocacy for introducing native species and stopping using harmful pesticides. Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms. Through a holistic approach, institutions can ensure that the grounds students walk on daily are free from poisonous substances, for the health of all. And that’s exactly what some schools like UCLA are doing. Their leadership shows that sustainability means finding new ways to care for the land responsibly-for people and for the planet. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By discussing students’ activities. B．By describing a changed landscape. C．By showing students’ love for nature. D．By highlighting the function of plants. 2．What can we know about the holistic approach? A．It was initiated by UCLA． B．It avoids using pesticides. C．It focuses on students’ welfare. D．It is intended to connect schools. 3．Why does the author mention “picnic tables” in paragraph 6? A．To promote a healthy lifestyle. B．To suggest safety improvements. C．To discourage outdoor activities. D．To stress health risks to students. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Native Plants: Key to Preventing Pollution. B．UCLA’s Holistic Plan: For Safer Classrooms. C．The Holistic Method: Toward Sustainable Campuses. D．Sustainability Through Trees: For Greener Campuses. 4.（2026·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试（一））Earth’s biggest problem, according to Douglas Adams, is quite simple: the species of clever ape (猿) that thinks it runs the joint is mostly unhappy most of the time. Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer. Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind” — the reality in which everyone, everywhere, can communicate with everyone else with ease. Studies have shown how dominant email has become in ordinary office life. The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. Handling email when it’s out of control is like being pecked (啄) by a flock of geese. But changing this won’t be easy. Our need for focused thinking conflicts with the Dopamine Economy — something designed to keep us unable to resist constant messages. Still, Newport thinks regaining control of our time might be the key to being happier at work. 1．What phenomenon does Newport point out in his book? A．Office workers fail to handle daily emails. B．People can contact each other more easily. C．Convenience of modern life comes at a cost. D．Email overload affects efficiency and mood. 2．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting the history. C．By analyzing the cause. D．By comparing preferences. 3．What does Newport try to illustrate by mentioning the practices of some companies? A．The importance of autonomy at work. B．The necessity to cut working hours. C．The benefit of technological advances. D．The need to follow economic trend. 4．What might be a suitable title for the text? A．Message Overflow B．Email Slavery C．Message Addiction D．Email Craze 阅读理解体裁综合练 1.（（2026·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试（一）） The gradual return of the private buyer to the new car market helped to push up sales as number plates changed in March. Most car buyers in March also changed their preferences for vehicle types, with a particular focus on how the vehicles are powered. Electric vehicles, including fully electric cars and hybrids, are gaining significant popularity. Sales of petrol cars now account for less than half of the market. While the government policymakers have pushed people to buy fully electric zero-emission (排放) cars, many consumers appear to choose hybrids instead, which are partly battery-powered but also carry petrol engines. With the growing popularity, the sales of hybrids now are on the rise. Here is the pie chart illustrating the sales proportion of vehicle types in March 2025. Sales of fully electric cars hit a new monthly record, up to about 69,000 in March 2025, yet their market share dropped to just over 20% for the first quarter, as the popularity of hybrids grew even faster. That is a crucial number, because car makers have to sell 28 percent of their cars as zero-emission models in 2025 or face fines of up to £15,000 for every car they fail to sell to meet the government’s requirement. Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets. Meanwhile, many people rushed to buy cars before a new tax on expensive cars started this week. “Car makers remain committed to the market decarbonisation (碳减排) that the country and the environment demand but we need sustained growth, not a short-term bubble (泡沫) driven by unsustainable discounting and drivers rushing to avoid higher taxes,” said Nick. He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars. 1．What was the percentage of electric vehicles sales in March 2025? A．19%. B．45%. C．28%. D．20%. 2．What is the major reason for the increase in electric car sales according to Nick? A．A new tax on cars. B．The change of number plates. C．The reduction of car prices. D．Policies pushing for electric cars. 3．What will Nick agree with about the government’s electric car policy? A．Ignoring the decarbonisation. B．Strengthening the discounting policy. C．Taking the market needs into account. D．Setting a lower zero-emission sales standard. 2.（2026·辽宁省葫芦岛市期末）Consider a plastic bottle floating on the ocean’s surface, far from the coast. To the naked eye, it seems lifeless — just discarded waste floating on the waves. But up close, it is a lively habitat: bacteria gather in large groups, green seaweed grows into thin layers, small creatures live in water feed, and small shellfish attach firmly. This is the plastisphere, a new ecosystem formed by human waste — a term invented by marine microbiologist Linda Amaral-Zettler more than ten years ago, referring to unique groups of species living on plastic waste. Unlike natural materials such as driftwood, which break down in months, plastics never fully degrade. They can last for up to 1,000 years, breaking into small pieces instead of disappearing completely. This long-lasting feature makes plastic a stable living place for marine creatures. The process of species settling on plastic follows a regular order: first, bacteria arrive and settle down, sending out chemical signals to draw other tiny organisms and forming sticky layers. Soon after, algae (藻类) and fungi (真菌) join in, building simple food chains. Later, larger organisms like barnacles come, and some use plastic as safe places to raise their young. The movement of the plastisphere is worrying — ocean currents carry plastic across different regions, acting as “microbial roads” that transport species, including harmful bacteria and poisonous algae, to new ecosystems. In these sticky layers, harmful microbes exchange genetic material, becoming more dangerous or resistant to drugs. Although some microbes in the plastisphere may break down pollutants, the ability of this ecosystem to adapt also brings ecological damage. Studies on the plastisphere confirm a simple fact: the only long-term solution is to reduce plastic production and our dependence on it in order to prevent pollution. It shows the adaptability of life and warns us of unexpected results — our desire for convenience has changed ocean life in ways we still do not fully understand. 1．What does the underlined word “plastisphere” mean in paragraph 1? A．A type of plastic debris floating in oceans. B．A natural material that replaces plastic in oceans. C．A group of marine microbes that break down plastic. D．A new ecosystem formed on plastic waste. 2．Why can plastic become a stable habitat for marine life? A．It releases nutrients that support marine organisms. B．It is lighter than driftwood and easier to float. C．It breaks down slowly and lasts for a long time. D．It is less likely to be damaged by ocean currents. 3．What is the sequence of settlement on plastic debris? A．Algae→bacteria→fungi→larger organisms B．Bacteria→algae→fungi→larger organisms C．Fungi→bacteria→algae→larger organisms D．Larger organisms→bacteria→algae→fungi 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the plastisphere? A．Concerned about its negative environmental impacts. B．Optimistic that it will solve ocean pollution. C．Doubtful that it really exists in natural oceans. D．Excited about its potential for scientific research. 3.（2026·四川省南充市西充中学月考）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 1．What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A．Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B．Students’ false assumptions about learning. C．The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D．The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 2．Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A．To teach an engineering skill. B．To explain the structure of a car. C．To share a real-life experience. D．To illustrate a scientific concept. 3．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 4．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. 4.（2026·山东省滨州市期末）Recent holiday seasons have seen children opening toys that can talk back. Toymakers have embraced artificial intelligence (AI), producing robots and teddies that can teach and play with. Older children are glued to AI-enhanced games, while at school, many learn alongside chatbot-tutors. AI promises every child a “bespoke” upbringing once reserved for the rich. A childhood fit for a king could become universal. However, this future is filled with hidden traps. Being accompanied by robots has advantages, especially where teachers are scarce. AI tutors can save children from classes pitched to the median, where bright pupils are bored and struggling ones are lost. Yet, technology creates new risks. AI may generate wrong answers, and chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors. Childhood may be disrupted most radically by AI when it behaves exactly as intended. The technology quickly learns what its master likes and shows more of it, potentially locking children into “echo chambers”. A child who likes football may be told only football stories by his teddy. This stamps out the joy of unexpected discovery and means a child may never learn to tolerate something unfamiliar. One-sided relationships with chatbots present a similar risk. AI companions that never criticize are poor preparation for dealing with imperfect humans. These “yes-bots” threaten to create children not used to taking turns or compromising. Such individuals may grow up into colleagues unable to work in teams or partners unfamiliar with the give-and-take required in relationships. The long-term challenge is to preserve the socialization that AI could erase. Schools should use personalized tuition where it works, but they must also redouble efforts to teach what robots can’t: to debate, to disagree, and to get along with people who are not as obedient as a chatbot. AI may let every child live like royalty, but the truly privileged may be those whose parents and teachers know when to turn it off. 1．What does the author mean by “a childhood fit for a king” in paragraph 1? A．A childhood spent in a privileged royal family. B．A childhood supported by personalized resources. C．A childhood dominated by advanced robotic toys. D．A childhood free from any academic pressure. 2．What does the underlined word “coax” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Force. B．Trick. C．Assist. D．Argue. 3．What is the author’s main concern about AI behaving “as intended”? A．It limits diverse exposure. B．It causes sports addiction. C．It provides wrong answers. D．It lacks enough information. 4．According to the author, what should be the focus of schools in the AI era? A．Improving students’ social media literacy. B．Cooperating with parents to restrict screen time. C．Helping students avoid AI-enhanced entertainment. D．Fostering students’ ability to handle different opinions. 5.（2026·甘肃省白银市高三期末）Last week, Amazon CEO Andy Jassy sent an email to his employees warning that artificial intelligence could displace them. “We will need fewer people doing some of the current jobs, but more people doing other types of jobs,” he wrote. Nothing in his email was shocking. Technological advances as far back as the printing machine have got rid of some jobs while creating many others. The real danger is that too much reliance on AI could lead to a generation of young people unequipped for the jobs of the future because they have never learned to think creatively or critically. The brain continues to develop and mature into one’s mid-20s, but like a muscle, it needs to be exercised and challenged to grow stronger. Technology, especially AI, can block this development by doing the work that the brain is expected to do. A study last year analyzed brain electrical activity of university students during the activities of handwriting and typing. Those who were handwriting showed higher levels of neural (神经) activation across more brain regions. “Whenever handwriting movements are included as a learning strategy, more of the brain gets stimulated, resulting in the formation of more complex neural network connectivity,” the researchers noted. “However, most students in colleges and many in high schools use AI tools to take notes and summarize lectures.” Why commit information to memory when AI tools can provide answers at our fingertips? For one thing, the brain can’t draw connections between ideas that aren’t there. Nothing comes from nothing. Creativity doesn’t happen unless the brain is engaged. College and high-school students also increasingly use AI tools to write papers, perform mathematical proofs, and create computer code. That means they don’t learn how to think through, express or defend ideas. “Why hire a brainless bachelor’s degree holder for a job that an AI tool can do at lower costs and with no complaint?” Andy Jassy asked by the end of the letter. 1．What is the author’s real concern? A．Human beings will be replaced by AI. B．Big companies are too eager to adopt AI. C．We are losing our ability to think properly. D．New jobs can’t be created fast enough. 2．What did the researchers find in their study? A．AI tools were wisely used by students. B．Students could benefit more from typing. C．The brain had to be challenged to stay healthy. D．Handwriting was a superior learning strategy. 3．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about? A．The convenience of AI tools. B．The need to challenge our brain. C．A function of the neural network. D．A way to memorize information. 4．What does Andy Jassy imply in his letter? A．Amazon needs creative engineers. B．Amazon will cut its workers’ salary. C．Employees should not complain. D．Bachelor’s degree holders are preferred. Passage 1（阅读理解体裁语篇练） Bring the beauty of native birds into your home with unique artwork by Pam McGrath Australia and its offshore islands and territories have 898 recorded bird species as of 2014. Of the recorded birds, 165 are considered accidental visitors, of the remainder over 45% are classified as Australian endemics: found nowhere else on earth. It has been suggested that up to 10% of Australian bird species may go extinct by the year 2100 as a result of climate change. Artist Pam McGrath expresses her lifetime concern for wildlife conservation through these paintings of Australian birds. While celebrating their beauty and diversity, the birds are presented in abstract design with straight lines, rather than the delicate natural form, to suggest the challenges of their adaption to environmental change.              1                   2                3           4                 5 Each of these framed, one-of-a-kind original artworks is available for purchase from $80 (plus $50 packing and sending). The perfect gift for the nature-lover or art-lover in your life, you’ll also be generously gifting your local charity, as 50% of the purchase price goes towards helping Wildlife Preservation Society of Queensland (WPSQ) continue its important work. Email wpsq@ wildlife.org.au or phone07 38440129 to ORDER TODAY! Title Size(W × H) Medium Price 1White (Leucistic) Kookaburra and friend in the sunshine. 41cm×33cm Acrylic $120 2 Azure Kingfishers talking in the sun. 32cm×22cm Acrylic $ 80 3 Comb-crested Jacanas on the pond. 35cm×29cm Acrylic $100 4 Eastern Spinebills find orchids in a tree. 22cm×36cm Acrylic $ 80 5 Noisy Pittas think about dinner. 46cm×36cm Acrylic $100 1．According to the passage, which of the following is true about Australian birds? A．Australia has the most recorded bird species around the world. B．A large number of bird species could only be found in Australia. C．By 2100, more birds will be visitors rather than local endemics. D．Almost one-tenth local bird species went extinct in recent years. 2．What does Pam McGrath want to highlight through the bird paintings? A．The importance of protecting wildlife. B．The delicate skills of creating abstract art. C．Her love for the beauty of Australian birds. D．Her appreciation of the work of a local charity. 3．How much goes to charity if you purchase painting number 4? A．$40. B．$80. C．$105. D．$130. Passage 2（阅读理解体裁语篇练） I taught her to lie before she could spell her own name. Back then, our story was simple: an amputee (被截肢者) raising his child alone. But we soon learned people preferred polished tragedies, so I crafted them, and she performed — big eyes and borrowed sorrow. We weren’t thieves, just realists in a world that had long forgotten us. She used to listen, while now she acts before I even speak. We drift from town to town. Judy picks our targets now — not because I approve, but because she’s precise. She spots the lonely, the hopeful, the ones who still believe in kindness. Once, I shaped every lie. Now she writes her own, using lies one after another, to seek everlasting sympathy from those who embrace a still-convinced-in kindness. There it is — that mix of pride and rot (腐烂) inside me. She doesn’t do it just for money anymore. She savors the control, the performance. She’s become something I no longer recognize. We drive west. I find us a weathered seaside town and take a job at the docks. “Something honest,” I tell her. She disappears for hours, comes back with hurt knuckles (指关节), says nothing, almost every single day. One night, she stares into the mirror and asks, “You hate me now, don’t you?” “No,” I say. Then, almost automatically, “You did nothing wrong.” The lie hangs between us. I don’t sleep as I realize now: I did all for my own grief, my anger. She absorbed it wholly, wanting only to be seen. But I never truly saw her — not the child, not the person she became. I only saw the emptiness I carved and filled with my bitterness. That night, I packed quietly. Left her money and the car keys. No note, no sign. I walked away not because I don’t love her, but I finally do. A year later, a letter found me. She had settled in a small town and was working at a community center, teaching art to children. “You were wrong,” she wrote. “The world hasn’t forgotten people like us. You taught me how to see the cracks in people. Now I am learning, slowly, how to help fill them. Thank you for setting us both free.” I realized then that the strongest love is not always in holding on, but sometimes in the courage to let go, and that every life holds the potential for a second, brighter chapter. More, she has finally been the one who truly be, with a sincere, despite once ever extinguished heart. 1．Why the author taught his kid to lie according to the first two paragraphs? A．To bridge the gap with his daughter. B．To show the reality of the world. C．To make up his regret of amputation. D．To gain attention from the kind. 2．What’s the main function of mentioning the westward journey? A．Imply a transformation. B．Express a determination. C．Demonstrate a misfortune. D．Contribute to a completeness. 3．Which of the following best describe the author’s mentality after leaving? A．Upset but satisfied. B．Determined but annoyed. C．Painful but relieved. D．Twisty but reluctant. 4．What can we infer to about Judy from the last paragraph? A．She gets the so-called freedom after the author’s designed departure. B．She remodels her values and worldviews through self-awakening. C．She defeats the author’s prejudice with frank word against him. D．She applies the performance skills learned from dad to a new field. Passage 3（阅读理解体裁语篇练） One of the nicest and most capable students I have had the pleasure of working with over the years is defending his Master’s paper tomorrow. In his research, Matt Dann explored how approach and avoidance goals relate to procrastination. Typically, we define the more positively regarded approach goals as those things we intend to do to keep or acquire a positive state of affairs. For example, your approach goal may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to enjoy the benefits of continued good health.” Alternatively, an avoidance goal around this exercise may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to prevent heart disease.” Although both goals are related to a little more exercise, I think you would agree that these are psychologically different. Matt’s research provided a psychological profile of avoidance goals in comparison to approach goals. The reason we thought this was an important thing to explore is simply that procrastination is often considered “task avoidance,” so it seemed to us that having more avoidance goals would be related to increased procrastination. Matt was also interested in the nature of avoidance goals that might explain why we would hypothesize that we would procrastinate more on this. What Matt’s analysis revealed was that avoidance goals, compared to approach goals, were perceived as significantly less enjoyable, and the participants felt significantly less capable of pursuing them. If we anticipate that the task won’t be enjoyable and/or we aren’t capable of carrying it out, we’re likely to phrase it as an avoidance goal. Avoidance goals in turn lead to procrastination. There are many things to learn from Matt’s study. The place to start, it would seem, to reduce our procrastination is to reshape our goals from avoidance to approach. I would conclude that reducing our procrastination requires enhancing both the meaning and manageability of the tasks in our lives. Instead of stopping with the feeling that you are not capable or the task lacks meaning, take the time to think about how you will do the task or how you can make it more enjoyable. This time will be well invested, I think. 1．What distinguishes approach and avoidance goals? A．The activities involved in them. B．The time length of working on them. C．The motivation for engaging in them. D．The difficulty level of achieving them. 2．Which is an approach goal? A．To limit screen time to stop eye problems. B．To study harder to keep from falling behind. C．To wake up early to prevent a rushed morning. D．To learn a new language to access more job offers. 3．Why are avoidance goals more likely to be procrastinated? A．They are set without clear plans. B．They demand more effort to reach. C．They are considered less manageable. D．They relate loosely with personal values. 4．What is the author’s suggestion for reducing procrastination? A．Avoid setting long-term goals. B．Rephrase tasks into urgent types. C．Live life in a more enjoyable way. D．Explore creative means to finish tasks. Passage 4（阅读理解体裁语篇练） （2026·山东省德州市期末）You have reasons for your beliefs. You can reflect on those reasons: “Why do I think there’s a serial killer upstairs? It’s because the floor creaked (嘎吱).” You can also adjust your beliefs with more evidence piled up: “Having combed the room, I must conclude that it’s just an old, creaky house.” This skill is known as belief revision, a process of reflecting and adjusting our own thoughts and a long-standing mark of human reasoning that distinguishes us from other animals. But a new study in the journal Science shows that animals like chimps (黑猩猩) also reason in surprisingly complicated ways. Experiments revolved around food hidden in one of several boxes: The chimps would pick the box they thought was most promising based on an initial clue. Then they’d get another clue that conflicted with the first. Given the chance to rethink, they almost always chose the box predicted by a sound-reasoning rule. Most impressively, the animals even accounted for clues that weakened earlier evidence. When hearing something bouncing around inside box, they would assume that it was an apple, but then the experimenter would pull out a stone. Realizing they had been misled, the chimps would immediately opt for box 2, even though it appeared negligible a moment before. “This was the cherry on top,” says study co-author Jan Engelmann, a psychologist at the University of California. “None of us thought they could do it as it’s just so complex and it’s hard to explain their behavior without appealing to the notion of reflection.” The study reminds us that reflective skills evolved from those abilities already present in the common ancestor we share with chimpanzees. More than 150 years ago, Charles Darwin predicted that our extraordinary mental powers would turn out to be found throughout the animal kingdom. If chimpanzees are truly capable of reflection, the gap between us and our primate cousins narrows a bit further, as they consider the world in a way we think of as being rational (理性的). 1．Why does the author begin with the “killer upstairs” tale? A．To expose fear-fed fantasy. B．To caution risks in old houses. C．To show belief-revision skill. D．To satisfy curiosity about mysteries. 2．What can chimps do according to paragraph 2? A．Weigh conflicting clues. B．Memorize hidden boxes. C．Behave faster than humans. D．Predict the researchers’ next move. 3．What does Engelmann call the “cherry on top”? A．Chimps drop bad clues after the stone reveal. B．Chimps learn to use complex tools for reward. C．Chimps stick to first pick as the apple appears. D．Chimps chase the loudest noise without thinking. 4．What does the author intend to imply by bringing up Darwin? A．The contribution of the biologist. B．The extension of rational thinking. C．The recognition of human capacities. D．The reflection on the theory of evolution. Passage 5（阅读理解体裁语篇练） Quick: what’s your best friend's phone number? Don’t feel bad if you couldn’t answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you. “Prosthetic memory” (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones. Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them, and so disconnect ourselves from experience. But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That’s just a short blink in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we’re not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded by geography and time. After all, technology can protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost. 1．What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A．Technology weakens our brains. B．We are burdened with phone numbers. C．We rely more on tools to memorize. D．Technology distances us from our friends. 2．What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Improved. B．Undervalued. C．Restricted. D．Outperformed. 3．What negative effect does online sharing bring about? A．An overflow of posts. B．High cost of digital devices. C．Addiction to the virtual world. D．Disregard for authentic experience. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Prosthetic Memory: A New Invention Changing Our Lives. B．Social Media: Is It Making Us Lose Our Ability to Remember? C．External Memory: Blessing or curse for Human Experience? D．Technology Revolution: How It Replaces Human Memory. 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解之体裁命题研究 目录 第一部分 风向速递 洞察考向，感知前沿 第二部分 分层突破 固本培优，精准提分 A组·保分基础练 题型阅读理解体裁综合练（原创&最新模拟） B组·抢分能力练 题型02重难创新练（阅读理解） 1.（2026·湖南省湘潭市二模） Downtown Vancouver Bike Rentals We have hundreds of rental bikes in our central shop in Vancouver, ranging from comfortable city cruisers and e-bikes to high-performance road bikes for seasoned riders. All bike rentals include complimentary (附赠的) helmets, locks, baskets or handlebar bags & a map. Book online to guarantee your bike, or walk-in to check out our selection — we always keep some bikes available for walk-in rentals. Prices are subject to 5% GST (商品及服务税). Rentals can be cancelled with a minimum 24 hours notice. Credit card and photo ID required for rentals. Below are the most chosen ones. CITY TOURING STEP-THROUGH BIKEEnjoy comfortable and easy riding with our City Touring Step-Through bike. Its low step-through frame makes getting on and off a breeze, while the upright riding position ensures a relaxed cruise along the seawall. Lightweight and equipped with 7 gears (档位), it’s perfect for leisurely explorations through Vancouver’s scenic routes: TANDEM BIKEExperience the fun of cycling Vancouver together on our eye-catching red. or sleek silver tandem bikes! Equipped with powerful disc brakes and 24 speeds for easy riding. Great for couples, families, or those with varying cycling abilities. Available in four sizes, call to inquire about sizing in advance. Hourly (l hr min) $10 Hourly (1 hr min) $20 Half day (3 to 5 hrs) $30 Half day (3 to 5 hrs) $60 Full day (until close) $50 Full day (until close) $80 1．What can be learned about the bike rental service? A．Discounts apply to online renters. B．E-bikes require extra safety gear. C．Some bikes are kept for instant rentals. D．Road bikes are the most popular. 2．What are the renters required to do? A．Bring their own helmets. B．Provide identification. C．Reserve 24 hours in advance. D．Pay a deposit in cash. 3．How much should you pay for renting a tandem bike for a full day? A．$50. B．$52.5. C．$80. D．$84. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了温哥华市中心的自行车租赁服务，含车型、附赠物品、预订与租赁规则，还介绍了热门城市游览自行车的骑行优势。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Book online to guarantee your bike, or walk-in to check out our selection — we always keep some bikes available for walk-in rentals.(在线预订可确保租到车，也可到店挑选——我们始终预留部分自行车供到店即时租赁。)”可知，部分自行车被留作即时租赁。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Credit card and photo ID required for rentals.(租赁自行车需提供信用卡和带照片的身份证件。)”可知，租客被要求提供身份证件。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。双人自行车单日租赁原价80美元，结合第二段“Prices are subject to 5% GST.(所有价格均需加收5%的商品及服务税。)”可知，含税后价格为80+80×5%=84美元。故选D项。 文章中Prices are subject to 5% GST.(所有价格均需加收5%的商品及服务税。)是一个隐含条件，解题时要注意，稍有忽视就会选错。 2.We initiated the bus trips when I was around seven years old. Back then, we lived at our grandparents’ house in Oceanside, California. Our financial situation became increasingly strained after my father, who had dedicated over two decades to serving in the U.S. Air Force, honorably retired and subsequently encountered challenges in securing a stable position in the civilian workforce. We were also struggling to find an affordable place to call our own. It would have been easy to give in to frustration. But mom had other ideas, using the situation to give my brother Jess and me fond memories that would affect our perspective forever. However, I only appreciated the full extent of her wisdom many years later. Once or twice a week, she would lead us to the bus stop, and from there we would “see the world”. The public transportation system was extensive, and with one ticket we could ride all day. My mom studied the routes carefully and guided us to a variety of destinations. Among our favorites was the mall in Carlsbad. At its center stood a glass clock tower with gears (齿轮) that rolled plastic balls along rails, bouncing them onto drums and ramps, then lifting them up again to repeat the cycle. The sight always drew a small crowd, mostly children. On other days, we took the bus to Strand Beach, where we watched ships in the distance and heard helicopters and aircraft soaring overhead toward the naval (海军的) base at Camp Pendleton. Every trip we took felt like a grand expedition, and I was grateful to my mom for making that difficult period so enjoyable. Eventually, my father found a steady job, and we moved into a home in the countryside. My mom did more than distract us from our troubles. She instilled in us enthusiasm for keeping our eyes open and appreciating the world that was ours without having to really pay anything. Most importantly, she showed us that regardless of where we were, and what we were going through, there was something we could smile about somewhere. 1．Why did the family face difficulties? A．The father lost his job in the U.S. Air Force. B．The family had no fixed place of residence. C．They lived far away from the city. D．They lacked financial stability. 2．What was the mother’s primary purpose of the trip? A．To build a positive attitude to the world. B．To promote her husband at the naval base. C．To find a new home in the countryside. D．To explore job opportunities in Carlsbad. 3．What does the author most appreciate about his mom now? A．Her knowledge of public transportation. B．Her skill in planning detailed travel routes. C．Her wisdom in shaping their outlook on life. D．Her patience during their financial struggles. 4．Which word best describes the mother? A．Ambitious. B．Resourceful. C．Adventurous. D．Protective. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了家境拮据时母亲带孩子乘公交看世界，让孩子收获积极人生观的往事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Our financial situation became increasingly strained after my father, who had dedicated over two decades to serving in the U.S. Air Force, honorably retired and subsequently encountered challenges in securing a stable position in the civilian workforce. We were also struggling to find an affordable place to call our own. (父亲在美国空军服役二十余年，光荣退役后，却难以在民用领域找到一份稳定的工作。自那以后，家里的经济状况愈发拮据，我们也一直苦于找不到一处能负担得起的安身之所)”可知，这个家庭面临困难是因为他们缺乏经济稳定性。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But mom had other ideas, using the situation to give my brother Jess and me fond memories that would affect our perspective forever. However, I only appreciated the full extent of her wisdom many years later. (但母亲却另有想法，她借着这样的处境，为我和弟弟杰西创造了温馨的回忆，而这些回忆也彻底改变了我们看待世界的视角。只是这份智慧的深意，我直到多年后才真正体会到)”及最后一段“My mom did more than distract us from our troubles. She instilled in us enthusiasm for keeping our eyes open and appreciating the world that was ours without having to really pay anything. Most importantly, she showed us that regardless of where we were, and what we were going through, there was something we could smile about somewhere. (母亲做的不仅仅是分散我们的注意力，让我们远离烦恼。她给我们灌输了睁大眼睛欣赏这个属于我们的世界的热情，而不需要付出任何代价。最重要的是，她告诉我们，无论我们在哪里，无论我们正在经历什么，总有一些事情是值得我们微笑的)”可推知，母亲旅行的主要目的是培养对世界的积极态度。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But mom had other ideas, using the situation to give my brother Jess and me fond memories that would affect our perspective forever. However, I only appreciated the full extent of her wisdom many years later. (但母亲却另有想法，她借着这样的处境，为我和弟弟杰西创造了温馨的回忆，而这些回忆也彻底改变了我们看待世界的视角。只是这份智慧的深意，我直到多年后才真正体会到)”及最后一段中“Most importantly, she showed us that regardless of where we were, and what we were going through, there was something we could smile about somewhere. (最重要的是，她告诉我们，无论我们在哪里，无论我们正在经历什么，总有一些事情是值得我们微笑的)”可知，作者现在最欣赏母亲的是她在塑造他们人生观方面的智慧。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But mom had other ideas, using the situation to give my brother Jess and me fond memories that would affect our perspective forever. (但母亲却另有想法，她借着这样的处境，为我和弟弟杰西创造了温馨的回忆，而这些回忆也彻底改变了我们看待世界的视角)”以及第三段中“Once or twice a week, she would lead us to the bus stop, and from there we would “see the world”. The public transportation system was extensive, and with one ticket we could ride all day. My mom studied the routes carefully and guided us to a variety of destinations. (她每周会带我们一两次去公交车站，从那里我们可以“看世界”。公共交通系统很发达，一张票我们可以坐一整天。母亲仔细研究了路线，并引导我们前往各种目的地)”结合全文内容可知，母亲在家庭经济困难的情况下，利用公共交通系统，带孩子们去不同的地方，给孩子们留下了美好的回忆，塑造了孩子们积极的人生观。由此推知，母亲是足智多谋的。故选B。 3.（2026·广东省佛山市普通高中教学质量检测（一））On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity. The new scenery marks a major milestone in campus sustainability. In 2025, UCLA became the first university in California to earn the Green Grounds Certification from the nonprofit Re: wild Your Campus, which recognizes the school’s efforts to improve human health and biodiversity. For years, colleges have used rewilding as a way to restore biodiversity and bring a more natural look to their grounds with native plants. But too often, they miss a critical piece of the puzzle: the chemicals being used elsewhere on campus. While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used. This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted. Adopting a holistic approach to land care does more than just create healthier campus environments; it reinforces the reality that colleges are interconnected microcosms (缩影) of larger environmental systems. In many cities, universities offer some of the largest areas of open space, yet the chemicals applied to grasslands can impact nearby rivers, lakes, and drinking water. Students and all the teaching staff are increasingly recognizing this, leading to more advocacy for introducing native species and stopping using harmful pesticides. Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms. Through a holistic approach, institutions can ensure that the grounds students walk on daily are free from poisonous substances, for the health of all. And that’s exactly what some schools like UCLA are doing. Their leadership shows that sustainability means finding new ways to care for the land responsibly-for people and for the planet. 1．How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A．By discussing students’ activities. B．By describing a changed landscape. C．By showing students’ love for nature. D．By highlighting the function of plants. 2．What can we know about the holistic approach? A．It was initiated by UCLA． B．It avoids using pesticides. C．It focuses on students’ welfare. D．It is intended to connect schools. 3．Why does the author mention “picnic tables” in paragraph 6? A．To promote a healthy lifestyle. B．To suggest safety improvements. C．To discourage outdoor activities. D．To stress health risks to students. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Native Plants: Key to Preventing Pollution. B．UCLA’s Holistic Plan: For Safer Classrooms. C．The Holistic Method: Toward Sustainable Campuses. D．Sustainability Through Trees: For Greener Campuses. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍加州大学洛杉矶分校通过整体方法（结合去化学化和野化）实现校园可持续发展，并阐述该方法对环境和人类健康的意义。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“On a typical sunny day at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), small native bushes (灌木) wave where tidy grasslands used to be, bees fly over flowers, and students walk on a campus alive with biodiversity.(在加州大学洛杉矶分校（UCLA）一个典型的晴天，曾经整洁的草地如今长满了摇曳的本地小灌木，蜜蜂在花丛上空飞舞，学生们行走在生物多样性丰富的校园里)”可知，作者通过描述UCLA校园发生变化的景观来引入文章主题。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“This is why Re: wild Your Campus created the Green Grounds Certification-to center both chemical elimination and rewilding and to link them together. Schools that are taking such a holistic approach to campus management can be honored and uplifted.(这就是Re: wild Your Campus创建绿色场地认证的原因——以消除化学物质和野化修复为核心，并将两者结合起来。采用这种整体方法进行校园管理的学校将获得荣誉和支持)”以及第三段中的“While wildflowers bring buzzing bees, true ecological restoration is weakened if pesticides (农药) and fertilizers are used.(虽然野花能吸引嗡嗡作响的蜜蜂，但如果使用农药和化肥，真正的生态修复就会受到影响)”可知，整体方法避免使用农药等化学物质。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“Beyond environmental health, a rewilding approach can help safeguard human health. Students are closely connected to the outdoor settings of their colleges where pesticides can stay in the air, settle on picnic tables, and be tracked into dorm rooms.(除了环境健康，野化修复方法还有助于保护人类健康。学生与大学的户外环境密切相关，农药会留在空气中，落在野餐桌上，并被带入宿舍)”可知，作者提到“野餐桌”是为了强调农药对学生的健康风险。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“整体方法”展开，介绍其核心是结合消除化学物质和野化修复，能实现校园环境和人类健康的双重保障，助力校园可持续发展，UCLA的案例也印证了这一点。C项“整体方法：迈向可持续校园”贴合主旨，可以作本文的最佳标题。故选C项。 4.（2026·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试（一））Earth’s biggest problem, according to Douglas Adams, is quite simple: the species of clever ape (猿) that thinks it runs the joint is mostly unhappy most of the time. Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer. Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind” — the reality in which everyone, everywhere, can communicate with everyone else with ease. Studies have shown how dominant email has become in ordinary office life. The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. Handling email when it’s out of control is like being pecked (啄) by a flock of geese. But changing this won’t be easy. Our need for focused thinking conflicts with the Dopamine Economy — something designed to keep us unable to resist constant messages. Still, Newport thinks regaining control of our time might be the key to being happier at work. 1．What phenomenon does Newport point out in his book? A．Office workers fail to handle daily emails. B．People can contact each other more easily. C．Convenience of modern life comes at a cost. D．Email overload affects efficiency and mood. 2．How does the author develop paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By presenting the history. C．By analyzing the cause. D．By comparing preferences. 3．What does Newport try to illustrate by mentioning the practices of some companies? A．The importance of autonomy at work. B．The necessity to cut working hours. C．The benefit of technological advances. D．The need to follow economic trend. 4．What might be a suitable title for the text? A．Message Overflow B．Email Slavery C．Message Addiction D．Email Craze 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了计算机科学家卡尔·纽波特在其著作中提出的观点——电子邮件这一发明虽带来便利，却让人们陷入“邮件奴役”，影响工作效率和情绪，并探讨了相关解决办法。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The average knowledge worker sends and receives 126 emails daily, which ruins focus, making them less productive and more irritable (易怒的). (普通知识工作者每天收发126封电子邮件，这会破坏注意力，使他们效率降低、更易怒)”可知，纽波特在书中指出，电子邮件过载会影响效率和情绪这一现象。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“All of this might be bearable but for one problem: the mismatch between modern electronic messaging and our own information-processing capacity. Multitasking is a myth. We can’t think clearly while dealing with an overflowing inbox. We’re wired to prefer real-time conversations, where everyone gets updates together. Back in small tribes (部落), we needed daily chats to feel connected. Now, in a digital world, that ancient urge makes us anxious if we don’t reply to every email instantly. (若不是有一个问题，这一切或许还能忍受：现代电子信息传递与我们自身信息处理能力不匹配。多任务处理只是个神话。面对塞满的收件箱，我们无法清晰思考。我们天生更喜欢实时对话，所有人能一起获取最新信息。回到小部落时代，我们需要日常交流来感受联结。如今，在数字世界里，这种古老的渴望让我们若不立即回复每一封邮件就会感到焦虑)”可知，该段先提出核心问题（信息传递与处理能力不匹配），再分析多任务处理的误区、人类对实时交流的天生偏好及古今场景下的心理变化，以此剖析电子邮件带来困扰的原因，是通过分析原因展开段落的。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite his book’s title, Newport isn’t against all electronic messaging. What drives him to desperation is how we use it. With office workers nodding in hearty agreement, Newport offers some solutions. A German company invented the No Email Day. Productivity went up, even though it shortened the work time. The goal was for everyone to approach their work more deliberately without rushing. Some companies use an application called Trello to allow workers to access the necessary data and decide when to jump in and get things done. (尽管书名如此，纽波特并非反对所有电子信息传递。让他绝望的是我们使用电子邮件的方式。在上班族们由衷认同的同时，纽波特提出了一些解决方案。一家德国公司设立了“无邮件日”，尽管缩短了工作时间，效率却提高了。其目的是让每个人更从容地处理工作，而不是匆忙行事。一些公司使用一款名为Trello的应用程序，让员工可以获取必要的数据，并决定何时投入工作、完成任务)”可知，纽波特提及部分公司的做法（无邮件日、使用Trello应用），是为了说明这些方案能让员工自主决定工作节奏，体现了工作自主性的重要性。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Computer scientist Cal Newport now adds email to the list of life’s troubles. In his book A World Without Email, he argues this once-brilliant invention has made us suffer.(计算机科学家卡尔·纽波特（Cal Newport）现在将电子邮件添加到生活烦恼的列表中。在他的《没有电子邮件的世界》一书中，他认为这个曾经辉煌的发明让我们受苦。)”、第二段中“Newport says we’ve become slaves to email trapped in a “hyperactive hive mind”(纽波特说，我们已经成为电子邮件的奴隶，陷入了“过度活跃的蜂群思维”。)”并结合全文内容可知，文章围绕纽波特的观点展开，核心是电子邮件让人们陷入过度活跃的群体思维，成为邮件的奴隶，影响效率和情绪，并介绍了相关解决办法。B项“邮件奴役”精准概括了文章核心主旨，贴合原文中“slaves to email”的表述，适合作为本文最佳标题。故选B项。 阅读理解体裁综合练 1.（（2026·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业年级联合模拟考试（一）） The gradual return of the private buyer to the new car market helped to push up sales as number plates changed in March. Most car buyers in March also changed their preferences for vehicle types, with a particular focus on how the vehicles are powered. Electric vehicles, including fully electric cars and hybrids, are gaining significant popularity. Sales of petrol cars now account for less than half of the market. While the government policymakers have pushed people to buy fully electric zero-emission (排放) cars, many consumers appear to choose hybrids instead, which are partly battery-powered but also carry petrol engines. With the growing popularity, the sales of hybrids now are on the rise. Here is the pie chart illustrating the sales proportion of vehicle types in March 2025. Sales of fully electric cars hit a new monthly record, up to about 69,000 in March 2025, yet their market share dropped to just over 20% for the first quarter, as the popularity of hybrids grew even faster. That is a crucial number, because car makers have to sell 28 percent of their cars as zero-emission models in 2025 or face fines of up to £15,000 for every car they fail to sell to meet the government’s requirement. Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets. Meanwhile, many people rushed to buy cars before a new tax on expensive cars started this week. “Car makers remain committed to the market decarbonisation (碳减排) that the country and the environment demand but we need sustained growth, not a short-term bubble (泡沫) driven by unsustainable discounting and drivers rushing to avoid higher taxes,” said Nick. He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars. 1．What was the percentage of electric vehicles sales in March 2025? A．19%. B．45%. C．28%. D．20%. 2．What is the major reason for the increase in electric car sales according to Nick? A．A new tax on cars. B．The change of number plates. C．The reduction of car prices. D．Policies pushing for electric cars. 3．What will Nick agree with about the government’s electric car policy? A．Ignoring the decarbonisation. B．Strengthening the discounting policy. C．Taking the market needs into account. D．Setting a lower zero-emission sales standard. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着三月份车牌的更换，私人购车者逐渐回归新车市场，推动了汽车销量的上升，其中电动汽车(包括纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车)越来越受欢迎，文章还提及了行业分析师对电动汽车销量增长原因的看法以及对政府电动汽车政策的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据饼状图中“Fully electric cars 19%(纯电动汽车19%)”和“Hybrids 19% (混合动力车19%)”可知，电动汽车(包括纯电动汽车和混合动力汽车)的销量占比为45%。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Nick, an analyst in the local auto industry, believes electric car sales are being artificially increased, mainly because car makers are cutting prices just to hit their sales targets.(当地汽车行业分析师尼克认为，电动汽车的销量正在被人为抬高，主要是因为汽车制造商为了实现销售目标而降价)”可知，尼克认为汽车降价是电动汽车销量增加的主要原因。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Nick的话“He also believed that the government policymakers should consider the “natural demand” for electric cars.(他还认为，政府决策者应该考虑对电动汽车的“自然需求”)”可知，尼克认为政府应该考虑市场对电动汽车的需求，即要考虑市场需求。故选C项。 2.（2026·辽宁省葫芦岛市期末）Consider a plastic bottle floating on the ocean’s surface, far from the coast. To the naked eye, it seems lifeless — just discarded waste floating on the waves. But up close, it is a lively habitat: bacteria gather in large groups, green seaweed grows into thin layers, small creatures live in water feed, and small shellfish attach firmly. This is the plastisphere, a new ecosystem formed by human waste — a term invented by marine microbiologist Linda Amaral-Zettler more than ten years ago, referring to unique groups of species living on plastic waste. Unlike natural materials such as driftwood, which break down in months, plastics never fully degrade. They can last for up to 1,000 years, breaking into small pieces instead of disappearing completely. This long-lasting feature makes plastic a stable living place for marine creatures. The process of species settling on plastic follows a regular order: first, bacteria arrive and settle down, sending out chemical signals to draw other tiny organisms and forming sticky layers. Soon after, algae (藻类) and fungi (真菌) join in, building simple food chains. Later, larger organisms like barnacles come, and some use plastic as safe places to raise their young. The movement of the plastisphere is worrying — ocean currents carry plastic across different regions, acting as “microbial roads” that transport species, including harmful bacteria and poisonous algae, to new ecosystems. In these sticky layers, harmful microbes exchange genetic material, becoming more dangerous or resistant to drugs. Although some microbes in the plastisphere may break down pollutants, the ability of this ecosystem to adapt also brings ecological damage. Studies on the plastisphere confirm a simple fact: the only long-term solution is to reduce plastic production and our dependence on it in order to prevent pollution. It shows the adaptability of life and warns us of unexpected results — our desire for convenience has changed ocean life in ways we still do not fully understand. 1．What does the underlined word “plastisphere” mean in paragraph 1? A．A type of plastic debris floating in oceans. B．A natural material that replaces plastic in oceans. C．A group of marine microbes that break down plastic. D．A new ecosystem formed on plastic waste. 2．Why can plastic become a stable habitat for marine life? A．It releases nutrients that support marine organisms. B．It is lighter than driftwood and easier to float. C．It breaks down slowly and lasts for a long time. D．It is less likely to be damaged by ocean currents. 3．What is the sequence of settlement on plastic debris? A．Algae→bacteria→fungi→larger organisms B．Bacteria→algae→fungi→larger organisms C．Fungi→bacteria→algae→larger organisms D．Larger organisms→bacteria→algae→fungi 4．What is the author’s attitude towards the plastisphere? A．Concerned about its negative environmental impacts. B．Optimistic that it will solve ocean pollution. C．Doubtful that it really exists in natural oceans. D．Excited about its potential for scientific research. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是塑料垃圾在海洋中形成的新型生态系统“塑料圈”的定义、形成过程、生态影响及应对方法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This is the plastisphere, a new ecosystem formed by human waste — a term invented by marine microbiologist Linda Amaral-Zettler more than ten years ago, referring to unique groups of species living on plastic waste.(这就是plastisphere，这是一个由人类废弃物形成的全新生态系统——这个术语是由海洋微生物学家琳达·阿马尔尔-泽特勒在十多年前提出的，指的是栖息在塑料废弃物上的独特物种群落)”可知，plastisphere是在塑料垃圾上形成的新型生态系统。故划线词plastisphere意思是“在塑料废弃物上形成了一个新的生态系统”。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike natural materials such as driftwood, which break down in months, plastics never fully degrade. They can last for up to 1,000 years, breaking into small pieces instead of disappearing completely. This long-lasting feature makes plastic a stable living place for marine creatures.(与浮木等会在几个月内分解的天然材料不同，塑料永远不会完全降解。它们可以存在长达1000年，只会分解成小碎片，而不会完全消失。这种持久的特性使塑料成为海洋生物稳定的栖息场所。)”可知，塑料分解缓慢且存续时间长，这是其能成为海洋生物稳定栖息地的原因。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“The process of species settling on plastic follows a regular order: first, bacteria arrive and settle down, sending out chemical signals to draw other tiny organisms and forming sticky layers. Soon after, algae (藻类) and fungi (真菌) join in, building simple food chains. Later, larger organisms like barnacles come, and some use plastic as safe places to raise their young.(生物在塑料表面定居的过程遵循着一个固定的顺序：首先，细菌到达并定居下来，它们会释放化学信号来吸引其他微小生物，并形成黏性层。不久之后，藻类和真菌也加入进来，构建起简单的食物链。随后，像藤壶这样的大型生物也出现了，其中一些会将塑料作为养育后代的安全场所)”可知，其顺序为细菌→藻类→真菌→大型生物。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“The movement of the plastisphere is worrying — ocean currents carry plastic across different regions, acting as “microbial roads” that transport species, including harmful bacteria and poisonous algae, to new ecosystems. In these sticky layers, harmful microbes exchange genetic material, becoming more dangerous or resistant to drugs. Although some microbes in the plastisphere may break down pollutants, the ability of this ecosystem to adapt also brings ecological damage.(“塑料圈层”的移动令人担忧——海洋洋流将塑料带往不同的区域，它们充当着“微生物通道”，将包括有害细菌和有毒藻类在内的物种带到新的生态系统中。在这些黏性层中，有害微生物会交换遗传物质，变得更具危险性或对药物产生抗药性。尽管“塑料圈层”中的某些微生物能够分解污染物，但这种生态系统的适应能力也会带来生态破坏)”以及最后一段“Studies on the plastisphere confirm a simple fact: the only long-term solution is to reduce plastic production and our dependence on it in order to prevent pollution. It shows the adaptability of life and warns us of unexpected results — our desire for convenience has changed ocean life in ways we still do not fully understand.(关于“塑料圈层”的研究证实了一个简单的事实：唯一的长期解决方案是减少塑料的生产以及我们对塑料的依赖，以防止污染。它展示了生命的适应性，并提醒我们可能会出现意想不到的结果——我们对便利性的追求已经以我们尚未完全理解的方式改变了海洋生物的生存状态)”可知，作者对塑料圈的负面环境影响持担忧态度。故选A。 3.（2026·四川省南充市西充中学月考）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 1．What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author? A．Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B．Students’ false assumptions about learning. C．The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D．The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 2．Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A．To teach an engineering skill. B．To explain the structure of a car. C．To share a real-life experience. D．To illustrate a scientific concept. 3．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results. C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students. 4．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师为打破学生对学习的错误认知，将自己的爱好融入课堂教学的经历，介绍了该教学方式的具体实践、初衷，以及意外收获的师生关系升温的效果，最终这一做法成为其教学理念，不仅让课堂更生动，还能启发学生找到自身的兴趣热情。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests (作为一名教师，工作的很大一部分是纠正学生的错误认知。学生们走进教室时，往往认为学习毫无乐趣，所学的知识与现实世界无关，更不用说和他们的个人兴趣相关了)”可知，教师面临的一大挑战是学生对于学习的错误设想，认为学习无趣且和现实、自身兴趣无关。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (我是一名汽车爱好者，所以教物理时，我会用汽车相关知识为物理概念创设情境。比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室，让学生用它们做实验，看看摩擦力在现实生活中是如何起作用的)”可知，作者将轮胎带到教室，是为了借助实物实验，让学生理解摩擦力这一科学概念在现实中的应用，也就是阐释科学概念。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them (起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能提高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密的关系)”可知，作者将爱好融入课堂的初衷是提升参与度、帮助学生理解概念，而意外的结果是师生之间的联系变得更加紧密。故选C。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，通过第二段“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (例如，如果我们要讨论摩擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活中是如何工作的)”可知，作者作为教师，敢于创新教学方式，打破学生对学习的固有认知，是富有创新精神的。故选A。 4.（2026·山东省滨州市期末）Recent holiday seasons have seen children opening toys that can talk back. Toymakers have embraced artificial intelligence (AI), producing robots and teddies that can teach and play with. Older children are glued to AI-enhanced games, while at school, many learn alongside chatbot-tutors. AI promises every child a “bespoke” upbringing once reserved for the rich. A childhood fit for a king could become universal. However, this future is filled with hidden traps. Being accompanied by robots has advantages, especially where teachers are scarce. AI tutors can save children from classes pitched to the median, where bright pupils are bored and struggling ones are lost. Yet, technology creates new risks. AI may generate wrong answers, and chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors. Childhood may be disrupted most radically by AI when it behaves exactly as intended. The technology quickly learns what its master likes and shows more of it, potentially locking children into “echo chambers”. A child who likes football may be told only football stories by his teddy. This stamps out the joy of unexpected discovery and means a child may never learn to tolerate something unfamiliar. One-sided relationships with chatbots present a similar risk. AI companions that never criticize are poor preparation for dealing with imperfect humans. These “yes-bots” threaten to create children not used to taking turns or compromising. Such individuals may grow up into colleagues unable to work in teams or partners unfamiliar with the give-and-take required in relationships. The long-term challenge is to preserve the socialization that AI could erase. Schools should use personalized tuition where it works, but they must also redouble efforts to teach what robots can’t: to debate, to disagree, and to get along with people who are not as obedient as a chatbot. AI may let every child live like royalty, but the truly privileged may be those whose parents and teachers know when to turn it off. 1．What does the author mean by “a childhood fit for a king” in paragraph 1? A．A childhood spent in a privileged royal family. B．A childhood supported by personalized resources. C．A childhood dominated by advanced robotic toys. D．A childhood free from any academic pressure. 2．What does the underlined word “coax” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Force. B．Trick. C．Assist. D．Argue. 3．What is the author’s main concern about AI behaving “as intended”? A．It limits diverse exposure. B．It causes sports addiction. C．It provides wrong answers. D．It lacks enough information. 4．According to the author, what should be the focus of schools in the AI era? A．Improving students’ social media literacy. B．Cooperating with parents to restrict screen time. C．Helping students avoid AI-enhanced entertainment. D．Fostering students’ ability to handle different opinions. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍人工智能为儿童带来个性化成长的可能，同时剖析其潜藏的多种风险，并指出学校和教育者应采取的应对策略。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“AI promises every child a “bespoke” upbringing once reserved for the rich. A childhood fit for a king could become universal. (人工智能有望为每个孩子提供一度只为富人所享有的“定制化”成长体验，这种堪比王室般的童年或将变得人人可得。)”可知，“a childhood fit for a king”指的是拥有个性化资源支撑的童年。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Yet, technology creates new risks. AI may generate wrong answers, and chatbots can sometimes coax vulnerable adolescents into harmful behaviors.(然而，这项技术也带来了新的风险。人工智能可能会给出错误答案，聊天机器人有时还会______易受影响的青少年做出有害行为。)”可知，聊天机器人会对脆弱的青少年做出诱导性的行为，因此划线单词的含义是“诱骗、哄骗”与B选项的意义相近。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Childhood may be disrupted most radically by AI when it behaves exactly as intended. The technology quickly learns what its master likes and shows more of it, potentially locking children into “echo chambers”. A child who likes football may be told only football stories by his teddy. This stamps out the joy of unexpected discovery and means a child may never learn to tolerate something unfamiliar.(当人工智能完全按预期运作时，它可能会对童年造成最彻底的干扰。这项技术会迅速了解主人的喜好并推送更多相关内容，可能将孩子困在“信息茧房”中。一个喜欢足球的孩子，他的泰迪熊可能只会给他讲足球相关的故事。这抹杀了意外发现的乐趣，也意味着孩子可能永远学不会包容陌生的事物。)”可知，作者担心人工智能按预期运作会让孩子陷入信息茧房，接触的事物单一化，限制了孩子对多样化事物的接触。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Schools should use personalized tuition where it works, but they must also redouble efforts to teach what robots can’t: to debate, to disagree, and to get along with people who are not as obedient as a chatbot.(学校应在适用的情况下采用个性化教学，但同时也必须加倍努力，教授机器人无法传授的能力：辩论、表达不同意见，以及与不像聊天机器人那般顺从的人相处。)”可知，作者认为人工智能时代的学校应注重培养学生应对不同观点的能力。故选D项。 5.（2026·甘肃省白银市高三期末）Last week, Amazon CEO Andy Jassy sent an email to his employees warning that artificial intelligence could displace them. “We will need fewer people doing some of the current jobs, but more people doing other types of jobs,” he wrote. Nothing in his email was shocking. Technological advances as far back as the printing machine have got rid of some jobs while creating many others. The real danger is that too much reliance on AI could lead to a generation of young people unequipped for the jobs of the future because they have never learned to think creatively or critically. The brain continues to develop and mature into one’s mid-20s, but like a muscle, it needs to be exercised and challenged to grow stronger. Technology, especially AI, can block this development by doing the work that the brain is expected to do. A study last year analyzed brain electrical activity of university students during the activities of handwriting and typing. Those who were handwriting showed higher levels of neural (神经) activation across more brain regions. “Whenever handwriting movements are included as a learning strategy, more of the brain gets stimulated, resulting in the formation of more complex neural network connectivity,” the researchers noted. “However, most students in colleges and many in high schools use AI tools to take notes and summarize lectures.” Why commit information to memory when AI tools can provide answers at our fingertips? For one thing, the brain can’t draw connections between ideas that aren’t there. Nothing comes from nothing. Creativity doesn’t happen unless the brain is engaged. College and high-school students also increasingly use AI tools to write papers, perform mathematical proofs, and create computer code. That means they don’t learn how to think through, express or defend ideas. “Why hire a brainless bachelor’s degree holder for a job that an AI tool can do at lower costs and with no complaint?” Andy Jassy asked by the end of the letter. 1．What is the author’s real concern? A．Human beings will be replaced by AI. B．Big companies are too eager to adopt AI. C．We are losing our ability to think properly. D．New jobs can’t be created fast enough. 2．What did the researchers find in their study? A．AI tools were wisely used by students. B．Students could benefit more from typing. C．The brain had to be challenged to stay healthy. D．Handwriting was a superior learning strategy. 3．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about? A．The convenience of AI tools. B．The need to challenge our brain. C．A function of the neural network. D．A way to memorize information. 4．What does Andy Jassy imply in his letter? A．Amazon needs creative engineers. B．Amazon will cut its workers’ salary. C．Employees should not complain. D．Bachelor’s degree holders are preferred. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。作者认为，我们面临的危险不是AI取代人类，而是我们过度依赖AI会导致创造性及批判性思维丧失。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The real danger is that too much reliance on AI could lead to a generation of young people unequipped for the jobs of the future because they have never learned to think creatively or critically.(真正的危险在于，对人工智能的过度依赖可能导致一代年轻人无法胜任未来的工作，因为他们从未学会创造性或批判性思考。)”可知，作者真正担心的是我们过度依赖AI会导致创造性及批判性思维丧失。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Those who were handwriting showed higher levels of neural (神经) activation across more brain regions. “Whenever handwriting movements are included as a learning strategy, more of the brain gets stimulated, resulting in the formation of more complex neural network connectivity,” the researchers noted. (那些手写的人在更多的大脑区域表现出更高水平的神经激活。研究者强调：“当手写动作被作为一种学习策略时，大脑的更多部分会受到刺激，从而形成更复杂的神经网络连接。”)”可知，手写的人在更多的大脑区域表现出更高水平的神经激活，当手写动作被作为一种学习策略时，大脑的更多部分会受到刺激，从而形成更复杂的神经网络连接，由此可知研究人员发现手写是一种更优越的学习策略。故选D项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Why commit information to memory when AI tools can provide answers at our fingertips? For one thing, the brain can’t draw connections between ideas that aren’t there. Nothing comes from nothing. Creativity doesn’t happen unless the brain is engaged.(当人工智能工具触手可及就能提供答案时，为什么还要把信息记在脑子里呢？一方面，大脑无法在不存在的想法之间建立联系。无中不能生有。除非大脑参与其中，否则创造力不会产生。)”可知，该段主要讨论了即使有AI工具，我们仍需让大脑参与思考、锻炼大脑的必要性，即挑战大脑的需求。故选B项。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Why hire a brainless bachelor’s degree holder for a job that an AI tool can do at lower costs and with no complaint?(为什么要雇佣一个没有头脑的学士学位持有者去做一份人工智能工具能以更低成本、毫无怨言完成的工作呢？)”可知，Andy Jassy认为不能雇佣一个没有头脑的学士学位持有者去做一份人工智能工具能以更低成本、毫无怨言完成的工作，可推理出他暗示那些只会依赖AI、没有独立思考能力的人将不被需要，反之，具备思考能力、有创造力的人（如创造性工程师）才是企业所需要的。故选A项。 Passage 1（阅读理解体裁语篇练） Bring the beauty of native birds into your home with unique artwork by Pam McGrath Australia and its offshore islands and territories have 898 recorded bird species as of 2014. Of the recorded birds, 165 are considered accidental visitors, of the remainder over 45% are classified as Australian endemics: found nowhere else on earth. It has been suggested that up to 10% of Australian bird species may go extinct by the year 2100 as a result of climate change. Artist Pam McGrath expresses her lifetime concern for wildlife conservation through these paintings of Australian birds. While celebrating their beauty and diversity, the birds are presented in abstract design with straight lines, rather than the delicate natural form, to suggest the challenges of their adaption to environmental change.              1                   2                3           4                 5 Each of these framed, one-of-a-kind original artworks is available for purchase from $80 (plus $50 packing and sending). The perfect gift for the nature-lover or art-lover in your life, you’ll also be generously gifting your local charity, as 50% of the purchase price goes towards helping Wildlife Preservation Society of Queensland (WPSQ) continue its important work. Email wpsq@ wildlife.org.au or phone07 38440129 to ORDER TODAY! Title Size(W × H) Medium Price 1White (Leucistic) Kookaburra and friend in the sunshine. 41cm×33cm Acrylic $120 2 Azure Kingfishers talking in the sun. 32cm×22cm Acrylic $ 80 3 Comb-crested Jacanas on the pond. 35cm×29cm Acrylic $100 4 Eastern Spinebills find orchids in a tree. 22cm×36cm Acrylic $ 80 5 Noisy Pittas think about dinner. 46cm×36cm Acrylic $100 1．According to the passage, which of the following is true about Australian birds? A．Australia has the most recorded bird species around the world. B．A large number of bird species could only be found in Australia. C．By 2100, more birds will be visitors rather than local endemics. D．Almost one-tenth local bird species went extinct in recent years. 2．What does Pam McGrath want to highlight through the bird paintings? A．The importance of protecting wildlife. B．The delicate skills of creating abstract art. C．Her love for the beauty of Australian birds. D．Her appreciation of the work of a local charity. 3．How much goes to charity if you purchase painting number 4? A．$40. B．$80. C．$105. D．$130. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了艺术家帕姆·麦格拉思以澳大利亚鸟类为主题的丙烯酸画作，包括澳大利亚鸟类的物种情况、画作的创作意图及艺术品的销售信息等。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Of the recorded birds,165 are considered accidental visitors, of the remainder over 45% are classified as Australian endemics: found nowhere else on earth.(在有记录的鸟类中，165种被视为偶见鸟类，剩余鸟类中有超过45%被归类为澳大利亚特有物种：即在地球上其他任何地方都没有分布)”可知，剩余鸟类中超过45%为澳大利亚特有物种，在地球上其他地方找不到，这表明有大量鸟类仅存在于澳大利亚。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Artist Pam McGrath expresses her lifetime concern for wildlife conservation through these acrylic paintings of Australian birds.(艺术家帕姆·麦格拉思通过这些澳大利亚鸟类的丙烯酸画作，表达了她对野生动物保护的毕生关注)”可知，帕姆·麦格拉思通过画作表达对野生动物保护的终身关注。故选A项 3．细节理解题。根据表格信息，画作4“Eastern Spinebills find orchids in a tree”的价格为$80，文中第三段“The perfect gift for the nature-lover or art-lover in your life, you’ll also be generously gifting your local charity, as 50% of the purchase price goes towards helping Wildlife Preservation Society of Queensland (WPSQ) continue its important work.(这是送给你生命中热爱自然或艺术之人的完美礼物，同时你也在慷慨地馈赠当地慈善事业，因为购买价格的50%将用于帮助昆士兰州野生动物保护协会继续其重要工作)”可知，画作售价的50%捐赠给慈善机构。故选A项。 Passage 2（阅读理解体裁语篇练） I taught her to lie before she could spell her own name. Back then, our story was simple: an amputee (被截肢者) raising his child alone. But we soon learned people preferred polished tragedies, so I crafted them, and she performed — big eyes and borrowed sorrow. We weren’t thieves, just realists in a world that had long forgotten us. She used to listen, while now she acts before I even speak. We drift from town to town. Judy picks our targets now — not because I approve, but because she’s precise. She spots the lonely, the hopeful, the ones who still believe in kindness. Once, I shaped every lie. Now she writes her own, using lies one after another, to seek everlasting sympathy from those who embrace a still-convinced-in kindness. There it is — that mix of pride and rot (腐烂) inside me. She doesn’t do it just for money anymore. She savors the control, the performance. She’s become something I no longer recognize. We drive west. I find us a weathered seaside town and take a job at the docks. “Something honest,” I tell her. She disappears for hours, comes back with hurt knuckles (指关节), says nothing, almost every single day. One night, she stares into the mirror and asks, “You hate me now, don’t you?” “No,” I say. Then, almost automatically, “You did nothing wrong.” The lie hangs between us. I don’t sleep as I realize now: I did all for my own grief, my anger. She absorbed it wholly, wanting only to be seen. But I never truly saw her — not the child, not the person she became. I only saw the emptiness I carved and filled with my bitterness. That night, I packed quietly. Left her money and the car keys. No note, no sign. I walked away not because I don’t love her, but I finally do. A year later, a letter found me. She had settled in a small town and was working at a community center, teaching art to children. “You were wrong,” she wrote. “The world hasn’t forgotten people like us. You taught me how to see the cracks in people. Now I am learning, slowly, how to help fill them. Thank you for setting us both free.” I realized then that the strongest love is not always in holding on, but sometimes in the courage to let go, and that every life holds the potential for a second, brighter chapter. More, she has finally been the one who truly be, with a sincere, despite once ever extinguished heart. 1．Why the author taught his kid to lie according to the first two paragraphs? A．To bridge the gap with his daughter. B．To show the reality of the world. C．To make up his regret of amputation. D．To gain attention from the kind. 2．What’s the main function of mentioning the westward journey? A．Imply a transformation. B．Express a determination. C．Demonstrate a misfortune. D．Contribute to a completeness. 3．Which of the following best describe the author’s mentality after leaving? A．Upset but satisfied. B．Determined but annoyed. C．Painful but relieved. D．Twisty but reluctant. 4．What can we infer to about Judy from the last paragraph? A．She gets the so-called freedom after the author’s designed departure. B．She remodels her values and worldviews through self-awakening. C．She defeats the author’s prejudice with frank word against him. D．She applies the performance skills learned from dad to a new field. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位截肢父亲为博取同情而教女儿说谎，最终在女儿的转变中学会放手，并领悟到真正的爱有时意味着勇敢离开的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But we soon learned people preferred polished tragedies, so I crafted them, and she performed — big eyes and borrowed sorrow. (但我们很快发现人们喜欢精心包装的悲剧，所以我编造谎言，她则用大眼睛和假装的悲伤去表演)”可知，作者教女儿说谎是为了博取善良人的关注和同情。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“She doesn’t do it just for money anymore. She savors the control, the performance. She’s become something I no longer recognize. (她不再只是为了钱而做这件事。她享受掌控感和表演的过程，她已经变成了我不再认识的样子)”及这段西行旅程的描述可知，它暗示了女儿内心和行为上的转变，也为后续父女关系的彻底变化埋下了伏笔。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“I don’t sleep as I realize now: I did all for my own grief, my anger. She absorbed it wholly, wanting only to be seen. (我彻夜未眠，此刻终于明白：我做的一切都是为了自己的悲伤和愤怒。她全盘接受，只是渴望被看见)”和第五段“I walked away not because I don’t love her, but I finally do. (我离开不是因为不爱她，而是因为我终于懂得了什么是爱)”可知，作者离开时的心情是痛苦但释然的。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“She had settled in a small town and was working at a community center, teaching art to children. “You were wrong,” she wrote. “The world hasn’t forgotten people like us. You taught me how to see the cracks in people. Now I am learning, slowly, how to help fill them. Thank you for setting us both free.” (她已在一个小城镇定居，并在一家社区中心工作，负责给孩子们教授绘画课程。“你错了，”她写道，“这个世界并没有忘记像我们这样的人。你教会了我如何看清人们的缺点。现在我正在慢慢学习如何帮助弥补这些缺陷。感谢你让我们俩都获得了自由。”)”可知，她已经通过自我觉醒，重塑了自己的价值观和世界观。故选B项。 Passage 3（阅读理解体裁语篇练） One of the nicest and most capable students I have had the pleasure of working with over the years is defending his Master’s paper tomorrow. In his research, Matt Dann explored how approach and avoidance goals relate to procrastination. Typically, we define the more positively regarded approach goals as those things we intend to do to keep or acquire a positive state of affairs. For example, your approach goal may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to enjoy the benefits of continued good health.” Alternatively, an avoidance goal around this exercise may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to prevent heart disease.” Although both goals are related to a little more exercise, I think you would agree that these are psychologically different. Matt’s research provided a psychological profile of avoidance goals in comparison to approach goals. The reason we thought this was an important thing to explore is simply that procrastination is often considered “task avoidance,” so it seemed to us that having more avoidance goals would be related to increased procrastination. Matt was also interested in the nature of avoidance goals that might explain why we would hypothesize that we would procrastinate more on this. What Matt’s analysis revealed was that avoidance goals, compared to approach goals, were perceived as significantly less enjoyable, and the participants felt significantly less capable of pursuing them. If we anticipate that the task won’t be enjoyable and/or we aren’t capable of carrying it out, we’re likely to phrase it as an avoidance goal. Avoidance goals in turn lead to procrastination. There are many things to learn from Matt’s study. The place to start, it would seem, to reduce our procrastination is to reshape our goals from avoidance to approach. I would conclude that reducing our procrastination requires enhancing both the meaning and manageability of the tasks in our lives. Instead of stopping with the feeling that you are not capable or the task lacks meaning, take the time to think about how you will do the task or how you can make it more enjoyable. This time will be well invested, I think. 1．What distinguishes approach and avoidance goals? A．The activities involved in them. B．The time length of working on them. C．The motivation for engaging in them. D．The difficulty level of achieving them. 2．Which is an approach goal? A．To limit screen time to stop eye problems. B．To study harder to keep from falling behind. C．To wake up early to prevent a rushed morning. D．To learn a new language to access more job offers. 3．Why are avoidance goals more likely to be procrastinated? A．They are set without clear plans. B．They demand more effort to reach. C．They are considered less manageable. D．They relate loosely with personal values. 4．What is the author’s suggestion for reducing procrastination? A．Avoid setting long-term goals. B．Rephrase tasks into urgent types. C．Live life in a more enjoyable way. D．Explore creative means to finish tasks. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Matt Dann关于趋近目标和回避目标与拖延关系的研究及减少拖延的建议。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Typically, we define the more positively regarded approach goals as those things we intend to do to keep or acquire a positive state of affairs. For example, your approach goal may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to enjoy the benefits of continued good health.” Alternatively, an avoidance goal around this exercise may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to prevent heart disease.” (通常，我们将更受认可的趋近目标定义为我们打算做以保持或获得积极状态的事情。例如，你的趋近目标可能是“在2025年多锻炼一点，以享受持续健康的好处”。或者，围绕这项锻炼的回避目标可能是“在2025年多锻炼一点，以预防心脏病”。)”可知，趋近目标和回避目标的区别在于从事它们的动机。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Typically, we define the more positively regarded approach goals as those things we intend to do to keep or acquire a positive state of affairs. For example, your approach goal may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to enjoy the benefits of continued good health.” Alternatively, an avoidance goal around this exercise may be to “exercise a little more in 2025 to prevent heart disease.” (通常，我们将更受认可的趋近目标定义为我们打算做以保持或获得积极状态的事情。例如，你的趋近目标可能是“在2025年多锻炼一点，以享受持续健康的好处”。或者，围绕这项锻炼的回避目标可能是“在2025年多锻炼一点，以预防心脏病”。)”可知，D选项“学习一门新语言以获得更多的工作机会”是为了获取积极的就业机会，属于趋近目标；其余选项均为规避消极结果，是回避目标。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“What Matt’s analysis revealed was that avoidance goals, compared to approach goals, were perceived as significantly less enjoyable, and the participants felt significantly less capable of pursuing them. If we anticipate that the task won’t be enjoyable and/or we aren’t capable of carrying it out, we’re likely to phrase it as an avoidance goal. Avoidance goals in turn lead to procrastination.(Matt的分析显示，与趋近目标相比，回避目标被认为明显不那么令人愉快，参与者觉得自己追求这些目标的能力明显较低。如果我们预料到任务不会令人愉快，和/或我们没有能力完成它，我们很可能会将其表述为回避目标。回避目标反过来又会导致拖延。)”可知，人们认为自己难以完成回避目标，即回避目标被认为更难掌控，这是其易引发拖延的原因。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The place to start, it would seem, to reduce our procrastination is to reshape our goals from avoidance to approach. I would conclude that reducing our procrastination requires enhancing both the meaning and manageability of the tasks in our lives. Instead of stopping with the feeling that you are not capable or the task lacks meaning, take the time to think about how you will do the task or how you can make it more enjoyable. This time will be well invested, I think.(看起来，减少拖延的起点是将我们的目标从回避重塑为趋近。我的结论是，减少拖延需要增强我们生活中任务的意义和可管理性。与其因为觉得自己没有能力或任务缺乏意义而停止，不如花点时间想想你将如何完成任务，或者如何让它更有趣。我认为，这段时间的投入是值得的。)”可知，作者对减少拖延的建议是探索完成任务的创新方法。故选D。 Passage 4（阅读理解体裁语篇练） （2026·山东省德州市期末）You have reasons for your beliefs. You can reflect on those reasons: “Why do I think there’s a serial killer upstairs? It’s because the floor creaked (嘎吱).” You can also adjust your beliefs with more evidence piled up: “Having combed the room, I must conclude that it’s just an old, creaky house.” This skill is known as belief revision, a process of reflecting and adjusting our own thoughts and a long-standing mark of human reasoning that distinguishes us from other animals. But a new study in the journal Science shows that animals like chimps (黑猩猩) also reason in surprisingly complicated ways. Experiments revolved around food hidden in one of several boxes: The chimps would pick the box they thought was most promising based on an initial clue. Then they’d get another clue that conflicted with the first. Given the chance to rethink, they almost always chose the box predicted by a sound-reasoning rule. Most impressively, the animals even accounted for clues that weakened earlier evidence. When hearing something bouncing around inside box, they would assume that it was an apple, but then the experimenter would pull out a stone. Realizing they had been misled, the chimps would immediately opt for box 2, even though it appeared negligible a moment before. “This was the cherry on top,” says study co-author Jan Engelmann, a psychologist at the University of California. “None of us thought they could do it as it’s just so complex and it’s hard to explain their behavior without appealing to the notion of reflection.” The study reminds us that reflective skills evolved from those abilities already present in the common ancestor we share with chimpanzees. More than 150 years ago, Charles Darwin predicted that our extraordinary mental powers would turn out to be found throughout the animal kingdom. If chimpanzees are truly capable of reflection, the gap between us and our primate cousins narrows a bit further, as they consider the world in a way we think of as being rational (理性的). 1．Why does the author begin with the “killer upstairs” tale? A．To expose fear-fed fantasy. B．To caution risks in old houses. C．To show belief-revision skill. D．To satisfy curiosity about mysteries. 2．What can chimps do according to paragraph 2? A．Weigh conflicting clues. B．Memorize hidden boxes. C．Behave faster than humans. D．Predict the researchers’ next move. 3．What does Engelmann call the “cherry on top”? A．Chimps drop bad clues after the stone reveal. B．Chimps learn to use complex tools for reward. C．Chimps stick to first pick as the apple appears. D．Chimps chase the loudest noise without thinking. 4．What does the author intend to imply by bringing up Darwin? A．The contribution of the biologist. B．The extension of rational thinking. C．The recognition of human capacities. D．The reflection on the theory of evolution. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。围绕“信念修正”这一人类思维能力展开，通过黑猩猩的实验，揭示了动物也具备类似的复杂推理和反思能力，从而探讨了人类与灵长类动物之间的认知界限。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“You have reasons for your beliefs. You can reflect on those reasons: “Why do I think there’s a serial killer upstairs? It’s because the floor creaked (嘎吱).” You can also adjust your beliefs with more evidence piled up: “Having combed the room, I must conclude that it’s just an old, creaky house.” (你持有某种想法是有其缘由的。你能反思这些缘由：“我为什么会觉得楼上有连环杀手？是因为地板发出了嘎吱声。”你也能在掌握更多证据后调整自己的想法：“把房间彻底搜查一遍后，我不得不下结论，这不过是一栋老旧、地板爱嘎吱作响的房子罢了。”)”及第二段“This skill is known as belief revision (这种能力被称为信念修正)”可知，作者以“楼上有杀手”的故事开篇，是为了引出并展示“信念修正”这一技能。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Experiments revolved around food hidden in one of several boxes: The chimps would pick the box they thought was most promising based on an initial clue. Then they’d get another clue that conflicted with the first. Given the chance to rethink, they almost always chose the box predicted by a sound-reasoning rule. (实验的核心是将食物藏在几个盒子中的一个：黑猩猩会根据最初得到的线索，挑选自己认为最有可能藏有食物的盒子。随后它们会得到另一个与第一条线索相矛盾的线索。当有机会重新思考时，它们几乎总是选择符合合理推理规则的盒子)”可知，黑猩猩能够权衡相互矛盾的线索，并基于理性推理做出选择。故选A项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“When hearing something bouncing around inside box, they would assume that it was an apple, but then the experimenter would pull out a stone. Realizing they had been misled, the chimps would immediately opt for box 2, even though it appeared negligible a moment before. “This was the cherry on top,” says study co-author Jan Engelmann (当听到盒子里有东西在碰撞声中四处移动时，它们会以为那是苹果，但随后实验者会拿出一块石头。意识到自己被误导后，黑猩猩会立刻选择盒子2，尽管它刚才看起来无关紧要。研究合著者Jan Engelmann说：“这是____。”)”可知，黑猩猩在意识到最初线索(声音)具有误导性(盒中实为石头)后，能立即调整判断、选择之前忽略的盒子2，研究合著者Jan Engelmann将此现象称为the cherry on top，结合上文黑猩猩已展现的复杂推理能力，the cherry on top应指在已有出色表现基础上“更进一步的亮点或完美收尾”，黑猩猩所展现的“在证据被推翻后，能主动放弃原有错误推断并重新决策”这一超出研究者预期的、更高层次的推理能力。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“More than 150 years ago, Charles Darwin predicted that our extraordinary mental powers would turn out to be found throughout the animal kingdom. If chimpanzees are truly capable of reflection, the gap between us and our primate cousins narrows a bit further, as they consider the world in a way we think of as being rational (理性的). (150多年前，查尔斯・达尔文预言，我们非凡的心智能力会在整个动物界中被发现。如果黑猩猩真的具备反思能力，我们与灵长类近亲之间的差距就又缩小了一点，因为它们也在用一种我们认为独属于人类的、理性的方式看待这个世界)”可知，作者提到达尔文是为了说明理性思考能力并不为人类独有，而是延伸到了动物界。故选B项。 Passage 5（阅读理解体裁语篇练） Quick: what’s your best friend's phone number? Don’t feel bad if you couldn’t answer off the top of your head. You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you. “Prosthetic memory” (人工记忆) is nothing new. Writing itself has been a means of storing information. Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. No wonder, then, that we’re increasingly dependent on memory prostheses, from libraries to smartphones. Not everyone thinks this trend in external memory is good. Historically, memory prostheses were expensive. As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them, and so disconnect ourselves from experience. But is our social media-driven transformation wholly bad? If we’re still creating and sharing memories like this, perhaps this is because we’ve not had sufficient time to learn how to do these things without thinking about what we’re doing. It is easy to ignore that the mass social media era is less than a decade old. That’s just a short blink in human history, yet it has totally changed how we live. I suspect we’re not far off from being directly faced with experience yet with the ability to share experience in ways less bounded by geography and time. After all, technology can protect all the moments of a life that would otherwise be lost. 1．What can be inferred from paragraph 1? A．Technology weakens our brains. B．We are burdened with phone numbers. C．We rely more on tools to memorize. D．Technology distances us from our friends. 2．What does the underlined word “eclipsed” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Improved. B．Undervalued. C．Restricted. D．Outperformed. 3．What negative effect does online sharing bring about? A．An overflow of posts. B．High cost of digital devices. C．Addiction to the virtual world. D．Disregard for authentic experience. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Prosthetic Memory: A New Invention Changing Our Lives. B．Social Media: Is It Making Us Lose Our Ability to Remember? C．External Memory: Blessing or curse for Human Experience? D．Technology Revolution: How It Replaces Human Memory. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨人工记忆与外部存储技术的发展，以及其对人类记忆和生活体验的利弊影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“You have no reason to commit phone numbers to memory: it’s just there in your phone. Or perhaps you once had a phone book to store them. In either case, an object does the remembering for you. (你没有理由去记住电话号码：它就存在你的手机里。或者你曾经有一个电话本来存储它们。无论哪种情况，都是一个物品在替你记忆。)”可知，人们现在更依赖工具来储存信息、帮助记忆。故选C项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Yet the information revolution has generated more data than ever before. We are flooded with information. We’re creating more of it, and keeping more of it. The storage capacity of the human brain has since been eclipsed. (然而，信息革命产生了比以往任何时候都多的数据。我们被信息淹没。我们创造了更多的信息，也保存了更多的信息。人类大脑的存储能力自此被eclipsed。)”可知，信息数量远超以往，人类大脑的存储能力自此被超越。由此推知，eclipsed的意思是“被超越、被胜过”，与Outperformed含义相近。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As technologies such as printing and photography become more affordable, sharing experiences with others is easier than ever. So every breakfast, every sunset, every encounter with a cat finds its way on to social media. And here comes the worry. When we devote ourselves to capturing and sharing the world in this way, something immensely valuable is lost; when recording so much of our lives, we’re forgetting to actually live them, and so disconnect ourselves from experience. (随着印刷术、摄影术等技术的成本变得愈发低廉，与他人分享生活体验也变得前所未有的容易。于是，每一顿早餐、每一次日落、每一次与猫咪的邂逅，都被分享到了社交媒体上。问题来了。当我们致力于以这种方式捕捉和分享这个世界时，一些极具价值的东西就丢失了；当我们记录下生活的太多瞬间时，我们却忘记了去真实地体验生活，从而与生活本身脱节。)”可知，线上分享的负面影响是人们忽视了真实的生活体验。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章先介绍人们依赖外部工具记忆的现象，接着提出有人担忧这种趋势会让人们脱离真实生活，最后又探讨这种转变未必完全是坏事，技术也能帮人们保存那些原本会消失的瞬间。所以短文的最佳标题为“外部记忆对人类体验而言是福是祸？故选C项。 1 / 25 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $