内容正文:
2026年中考英语常考知识点专项练习一(名词的可数与不可数)
一、单项选择题(共15小题)
1. — Would you like some ________? — Yes, please. I love fruit.
A. apple B. apples C. an apple D. apple's
2. There is too much ________ in the soup. It's not healthy.
A. salt B. salts C. salted D. salting
3. I need to buy two ________ for my new apartment.
A. furniture B. furnitures C. pieces of furniture D. piece of furniture
4. Can you give me some ________ on how to improve my writing skills?
A. advice B. advices C. advise D. advises
5. We have ________ homework to do today. Let's start now.
A. a lot of B. many C. a few D. few
6. There are ________ in the garden.
A. much flowers B. many flowers C. a lot of flower D. flower
7. I'd like to have ________ for breakfast.
A. a bread B. some breads C. a piece of bread D. breads
8. The teacher gave us ________ to read.
A. a new book B. some new books C. many new book D. new books
9. There is ________ water in the bottle. You can drink it.
A. a few B. few C. a little D. little
10. How ________ milk do you need for the cake?
A. much B. many C. few D. little
11. She has ________ friends in the city.
A. much B. many C. a little D. little
12. There are ________ on the table.
A. some fruit B. some fruits C. a fruit D. fruit
13. I need ________ to write a letter.
A. a paper B. some papers C. some paper D. papers
14. He has ________ experience in teaching.
A. many B. a few C. a lot of D. few
15. We saw ________ in the zoo.
A. a sheep B. sheeps C. some sheeps D. sheep
二、完型填空(共10小题)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Tom went to the supermarket to buy groceries for the week. His mother had given him a list. First, he needed some (1)________ for breakfast, so he got a dozen eggs and a loaf of bread. Then, he picked up two (2)________ of milk. For lunch, he wanted to make sandwiches, so he bought some (3)________ and a packet of cheese. He also needed a few (4)________ like tomatoes and onions for salad. For snacks, he chose a bag of (5)________ and a box of cookies. He remembered that his sister liked fruit, so he got some (6)________, such as apples and bananas. For dinner, he planned to cook soup, so he bought some (7)________ and a little meat. Finally, he got a bottle of (8)________ and a bag of (9)________. At the checkout, he realized he had forgotten to buy any (10)________ for tea, so he went back and got a jar.
1. A. food B. foods C. a food D. the food
2. A. bottle B. bottles C. carton D. cartons
3. A. ham B. hams C. a ham D. the ham
4. A. vegetable B. vegetables C. a vegetable D. the vegetable
5. A. chip B. chips C. a chip D. the chips
6. A. fruit B. fruits C. a fruit D. the fruit
7. A. potato B. potatoes C. a potato D. the potato
8. A. water B. waters C. a water D. the water
9. A. rice B. rices C. a rice D. the rice
10. A. sugar B. sugars C. a sugar D. the sugar
三、阅读理解(共5小题)
阅读下面短文,根据短文内容回答下列问题。
Lisa is preparing for a family picnic. She makes a shopping list. She needs some drinks: two bottles of juice and a carton of milk. For food, she wants sandwiches, so she buys a loaf of bread, some ham, and a little butter. She also gets a few apples and bananas for fruit salad. For snacks, she picks up a bag of chips and a box of cookies. She doesn't buy any soda because her family prefers healthy drinks. At home, she prepares everything and packs them into baskets. She remembers to bring a bottle of water and some napkins. The picnic is a success, and everyone enjoys the fresh air and delicious food.
1. What drinks does Lisa buy for the picnic?
2. How much bread does she buy for sandwiches?
3. What fruit does she get for fruit salad?
4. Why doesn't she buy any soda?
5. Are "chips" and "cookies" countable or uncountable nouns in the context?
四、词汇运用(共10小题)
根据句意,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I need some ________ (advice) on how to learn English.
2. There are many ________ (book) in the library.
3. She bought two ________ (loaf) of bread for breakfast.
4. We have a lot of ________ (homework) to do tonight.
5. There is little ________ (milk) left in the fridge.
6. He gave me three pieces of ________ (paper) to write on.
7. We saw some ________ (sheep) on the farm.
8. Can you pass me some ________ (salt), please?
9. There are a few ________ (orange) in the basket.
10. She has much ________ (experience) in teaching children.
五、完成句子(共5小题)
根据汉语提示,完成下列句子。
1. We need to buy some ________ (面包) for breakfast.
2. There is a lot of ________ (家具) in the room.
3. I'd like two ________ (杯) of tea, please.
4. She gave me some good ________ (建议).
5. How much ________ (水) do you drink every day?
答案解析
一、单项选择题
第1题
解题思路:问句“Would you like some...?”中,some后接可数名词复数或不可数名词。根据答句“I love fruit”,可知需要水果。apple是可数名词,应用复数形式表示泛指。A项为单数,C项为单数且带冠词,D项为所有格,均不符合。
关键步骤:①识别some的用法;②根据语境选择可数名词复数;③排除单数及所有格形式。
答案:B
第2题
解题思路:salt(盐)是不可数名词,没有复数形式。much修饰不可数名词,表示“太多盐”。B项为复数错误,C项为形容词,D项为动名词,均不符合。
关键步骤:①掌握salt为不可数名词;②much后接不可数名词;③排除复数形式及其他词性。
答案:A
第3题
解题思路:furniture(家具)是不可数名词,表示“两件家具”应用“two pieces of furniture”。A项为不可数名词原形,不能直接用数词修饰;B项为错误复数;D项piece应为复数。
关键步骤:①识别furniture为不可数名词;②掌握“数量词+piece(s)+of+不可数名词”结构;③排除直接使用不可数名词或错误复数。
答案:C
第4题
解题思路:advice(建议)是不可数名词,没有复数形式,some后接不可数名词。B项为错误复数;C项为动词,D项为动词第三人称单数,均不符合。
关键步骤:①掌握advice为不可数名词;②some后接不可数名词;③排除复数及动词形式。
答案:A
第5题
解题思路:homework(家庭作业)是不可数名词,应用a lot of修饰,表示大量。many和a few/few修饰可数名词复数,不符合。
关键步骤:①识别homework为不可数名词;②a lot of可修饰不可数名词;③排除修饰可数名词的选项。
答案:A
第6题
解题思路:flower(花)是可数名词,there are后接可数名词复数。much修饰不可数名词;a lot of flower中flower应为复数;D项为单数。
关键步骤:①判断flower为可数名词;②there are后需可数名词复数;③much不修饰可数名词复数。
答案:B
第7题
解题思路:bread(面包)是不可数名词,表示“一片面包”应用“a piece of bread”。A项错误,不可数名词前不能用a;B、D项为错误复数。
关键步骤:①掌握bread为不可数名词;②表示数量需用“a piece of”;③排除冠词及复数错误。
答案:C
第8题
解题思路:book(书)是可数名词,us为宾语,表示一些新书,应用复数形式。A项为单数;C项many后接复数但book为单数;D项缺限定词。
关键步骤:①book为可数名词;②some后接可数名词复数;③排除单数及结构错误。
答案:B
第9题
解题思路:water(水)是不可数名词,应用a little或little修饰。a few/few修饰可数名词复数。根据“You can drink it”,可知还有水,表肯定,用a little。
关键步骤:①water为不可数名词;②区分a little(肯定)和little(否定);③根据语境选择肯定意义。
答案:C
第10题
解题思路:milk(牛奶)是不可数名词,对数量提问用how much。how many修饰可数名词复数;how few/little用于其他语境。
关键步骤:①识别milk为不可数名词;②how much提问不可数名词数量;③排除how many等。
答案:A
第11题
解题思路:friends(朋友)是可数名词复数,应用many修饰。much和a little/little修饰不可数名词。
关键步骤:①friends为可数名词复数;②many修饰可数名词复数;③排除修饰不可数名词的选项。
答案:B
第12题
解题思路:fruit(水果)通常作不可数名词,泛指水果。there are后接可数名词复数,但fruit不可数,用some fruit表示一些水果。B项fruits强调种类,但此处泛指;C、D项不符合。
关键步骤:①掌握fruit通常不可数;②some后接不可数名词表示泛指;③根据语境排除复数强调种类。
答案:A
第13题
解题思路:paper作为“纸”是不可数名词,表示“一些纸”用some paper。A项为可数名词,指报纸或试卷;B、D项为复数,不符合。
关键步骤:①识别paper在此为“纸”,不可数;②some后接不可数名词;③排除可数名词用法。
答案:C
第14题
解题思路:experience作为“经验”是不可数名词,应用a lot of修饰。many和a few/few修饰可数名词复数。
关键步骤:①experience在此为不可数名词;②a lot of可修饰不可数名词;③排除修饰可数名词的选项。
答案:C
第15题
解题思路:sheep(羊)是单复数同形的可数名词,表示“一些羊”用sheep,无需变化。A项为单数,但前无助词;B、C项为错误复数形式。
关键步骤:①掌握sheep单复数同形;②表示复数时单词不变;③排除加s的错误形式。
答案:D
二、完型填空
第1题
解题思路:food(食物)通常作不可数名词,泛指食物。some后接不可数名词。B项为复数,强调种类;C、D项冠词错误,此处泛指。
关键步骤:①food通常不可数;②some后接不可数名词表示泛指;③排除复数及冠词。
答案:A
第2题
解题思路:milk是不可数名词,表示“两盒牛奶”应用“two cartons of milk”。carton为可数名词,需用复数。A、B项bottle通常用于液体,但牛奶常用carton;C项为单数。
关键步骤:①milk不可数,用carton计量;②two后接可数名词复数;③根据常识选择carton。
答案:D
第3题
解题思路:ham(火腿)作为食物材料,通常不可数,some后接不可数名词。B项为复数错误;C、D项冠词错误。
关键步骤:①ham在此不可数;②some后接不可数名词;③排除复数及冠词。
答案:A
第4题
解题思路:vegetable(蔬菜)是可数名词,a few后接可数名词复数。A项为单数;C、D项为单数且带冠词。
关键步骤:①vegetable为可数名词;②a few后接可数名词复数;③排除单数形式。
答案:B
第5题
解题思路:chip(薯片)通常用复数形式chips,因为薯片是许多片。a bag of后接复数名词。A、C项为单数;D项带冠词。
关键步骤:①chip作为零食常用复数;②a bag of后接复数;③排除单数及冠词。
答案:B
第6题
解题思路:fruit(水果)通常不可数,泛指水果。some后接不可数名词。B项强调种类;C、D项冠词错误。
关键步骤:①fruit通常不可数;②some后接不可数名词;③根据语境排除复数。
答案:A
第7题
解题思路:potato(土豆)是可数名词,some后接可数名词复数。A、C项为单数;D项带冠词。
关键步骤:①potato为可数名词;②some后接可数名词复数;③排除单数及冠词。
答案:B
第8题
解题思路:water(水)是不可数名词,a bottle of后接不可数名词。B项为复数错误;C、D项冠词错误。
关键步骤:①water不可数;②a bottle of后接不可数名词;③排除复数及冠词。
答案:A
第9题
解题思路:rice(米饭)是不可数名词,a bag of后接不可数名词。B项为复数错误;C、D项冠词错误。
关键步骤:①rice不可数;②a bag of后接不可数名词;③排除复数及冠词。
答案:A
第10题
解题思路:sugar(糖)是不可数名词,any后接不可数名词。B项为复数错误;C、D项冠词错误。
关键步骤:①sugar不可数;②any后接不可数名词;③排除复数及冠词。
答案:A
三、阅读理解
第1题
解题思路:细节理解题。从文中“She needs some drinks: two bottles of juice and a carton of milk.”可知答案。
关键步骤:定位 drinks 相关句子,提取关键信息。
答案:Two bottles of juice and a carton of milk.
第2题
解题思路:细节理解题。从文中“she buys a loaf of bread”可知,她买了一条面包。
关键步骤:定位 bread 相关描述,注意数量词。
答案:A loaf of bread.
第3题
解题思路:细节理解题。从文中“she gets a few apples and bananas for fruit salad”可知答案。
关键步骤:定位 fruit salad 相关句子,提取水果名称。
答案:Apples and bananas.
第4题
解题思路:细节理解题。从文中“She doesn't buy any soda because her family prefers healthy drinks.”可知原因。
关键步骤:定位 soda 相关句子,理解因果关系。
答案:Because her family prefers healthy drinks.
第5题
解题思路:词汇理解题。在文中,“a bag of chips”和“a box of cookies” chips(薯片)和cookies(饼干)通常被视为可数名词,但以复数形式出现,强调多个个体。
关键步骤:根据语境,chips和cookies是可数名词复数形式。
答案:They are countable nouns, used in plural form here.
四、词汇运用
第1题
解题思路:advice(建议)是不可数名词,some后接不可数名词原形。
答案:advice
第2题
解题思路:book(书)是可数名词,many后接可数名词复数。
答案:books
第3题
解题思路:loaf(条)是可数名词,two后接可数名词复数。
答案:loaves
第4题
解题思路:homework(家庭作业)是不可数名词,a lot of后接不可数名词原形。
答案:homework
第5题
解题思路:milk(牛奶)是不可数名词,little后接不可数名词原形。
答案:milk
第6题
解题思路:paper(纸)是不可数名词,three pieces of后接不可数名词原形。
答案:paper
第7题
解题思路:sheep(羊)是单复数同形,some后接原形。
答案:sheep
第8题
解题思路:salt(盐)是不可数名词,some后接不可数名词原形。
答案:salt
第9题
解题思路:orange(橘子)是可数名词,a few后接可数名词复数。
答案:oranges
第10题
解题思路:experience(经验)是不可数名词,much后接不可数名词原形。
答案:experience
五、完成句子
第1题
解题思路:“面包”对应bread,是不可数名词,some后接不可数名词。
答案:bread
第2题
解题思路:“家具”对应furniture,是不可数名词,a lot of后接不可数名词。
答案:furniture
第3题
解题思路:“杯”对应cup,是可数名词,two后接复数cups;tea是不可数名词,用of连接。
答案:cups
第4题
解题思路:“建议”对应advice,是不可数名词,some后接不可数名词。
答案:advice
第5题
解题思路:“水”对应water,是不可数名词,how much后接不可数名词。
答案:water
七、参考答案
一、单项选择题
1-5: B A C A A 6-10: B C B C A 11-15: B A C C D
二、完型填空
1-5: A D A B B 6-10: A B A A A
三、阅读理解
1. Two bottles of juice and a carton of milk.
2. A loaf of bread.
3. Apples and bananas.
4. Because her family prefers healthy drinks.
5. They are countable nouns, used in plural form here.
四、词汇运用
1. advice 2. books 3. loaves 4. homework 5. milk
6. paper 7. sheep 8. salt 9. oranges 10. experience
五、完成句子
1. bread 2. furniture 3. cups 4. advice 5. water
命题依据:
1. 2023-2025年全国中考英语真题考点分析报告
2. 《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》
3. 学科网中考英语备考资源库
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