高考英语阅读理解每日一练4-2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

2026高考英语阅读理解每日一练答案与详细解析 A篇 话题：血液的成分与生理功能（基础层） 1. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第二句“It is mainly composed of plasma and blood cells”，直接匹配血液的两大核心成分，其余选项均为血液中的具体物质，非主要组成。 2. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第一句“Plasma is a light yellow liquid, mostly water”，明确水是血浆的主要成分，A、D为血细胞相关物质，B为白细胞的作用对象。 3. 答案：A 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第三段第二句“Red blood cells are the most numerous, which contain hemoglobin that can bind with oxygen and carbon dioxide, realizing the gas exchange”，直接匹配红细胞的气体交换功能。 4. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第三段最后一句“Platelets are small in size; their core function is to help blood clot and stop bleeding when blood vessels are damaged”，精准提取血小板的核心功能，A、B分别为红细胞、白细胞功能，D为血浆功能。 B篇 话题：合成氨技术的化学发展与应用（提升层） 5. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第一句“Ammonia is a crucial chemical raw material... especially as the main raw material for synthetic fertilizers, which is closely related to global food security”，直接匹配氨的重要性，A、C、D均与原文表述相反或为其缺点。 6. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第二句“This process uses nitrogen from the air and hydrogen from natural gas or coal as raw materials”，明确哈伯-博施法的原料，A、C、D均非合成氨的原料。 7. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第三段第二句“It requires extremely high temperature and pressure, which consumes a lot of fossil energy and produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, causing serious energy waste and environmental pollution”，直接匹配传统技术的缺点，A、B、D均为错误表述。 8. 答案：B 解题思路：推理判断题，定位第三段最后一句“This new technology... can synthesize ammonia at normal temperature and pressure, greatly reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions”，可推理出该新技术更节能环保，A“完全替代”、C“高温高压”、D“不能使用新能源”均与原文矛盾。 C篇 话题：季风气候的形成与地理影响（提升层） 9. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第一句“characterized by obvious seasonal changes in wind direction and significant differences in precipitation between dry and wet seasons”，直接匹配季风气候的核心特征，A与原文相反，C“only”表述绝对，D“无降水”过于绝对。 10. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第一句“The core reason for monsoon formation is the different heat capacity of land and sea”，明确季风形成的核心原因，A为影响因素非核心原因，C、D为季风气候的影响。 11. 答案：A 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段最后一句“Summer monsoon brings a lot of water vapor from the ocean, leading to abundant precipitation in monsoon areas”，直接匹配夏季多雨的原因，B、D为冬季的气候特征，C与夏季降水无关。 12. 答案：B 解题思路：主旨大意题，梳理全文结构：首段介绍季风气候的分布与核心特征；第二、三段分析其形成的核心原因和季节变化规律；第四段阐述其对人类生产生活和区域地理的深远影响。选项B全面涵盖“形成原因+地理影响”两大核心内容，A范围过大，C、D仅为文章局部细节。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高考英语阅读理解每日一练 考点：细节理解+推理判断+主旨大意+信息整合 建议用时：25-30分钟 分层说明：基础层（1-4题）侧重细节定位、信息直接匹配，低阶思维考查；提升层（5-12题）侧重推理判断、主旨概括、复杂信息整合，高阶逻辑分析考查。 A篇 话题：血液的成分与生理功能（基础层） Blood is a vital fluid in the human body that circulates through blood vessels, playing a key role in transporting substances, regulating the body's state and defending against diseases. It is mainly composed of plasma and blood cells, with plasma accounting for about 55% of the total blood volume and blood cells making up the remaining 45%. Plasma is a light yellow liquid, mostly water, and also contains various nutrients such as glucose and amino acids, hormones, and waste products like urea. Its main function is to transport blood cells and carry all kinds of substances needed or produced by the body to different tissues and organs. There are three main types of blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Red blood cells are the most numerous, which contain hemoglobin that can bind with oxygen and carbon dioxide, realizing the gas exchange between the lungs and other parts of the body. White blood cells are the body's "defenders", which can engulf harmful bacteria and viruses and resist infections. Platelets are small in size; their core function is to help blood clot and stop bleeding when blood vessels are damaged. Without normal blood circulation, the body's tissues and organs cannot get enough oxygen and nutrients, nor can they discharge metabolic waste in time. Maintaining the normal composition and function of blood is essential for human health and life activities. 1. What are the two main components of human blood? A. Glucose and amino acids B. Plasma and blood cells C. Hormones and urea D. Red and white blood cells 2. What is the main component of plasma? A. Hemoglobin B. Bacteria and viruses C. Water D. Platelets 3. Which blood cells are responsible for the body's gas exchange? A. Red blood cells B. White blood cells C. Platelets D. All blood cells 4. What is the core function of platelets? A. Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide B. Engulf harmful bacteria and viruses C. Help blood clot and stop bleeding D. Carry nutrients to tissues and organs B篇 话题：合成氨技术的化学发展与应用（提升层） Ammonia is a crucial chemical raw material widely used in agricultural production, chemical industry and energy fields, especially as the main raw material for synthetic fertilizers, which is closely related to global food security. Before the 20th century, people could only obtain ammonia from natural minerals, which was far from meeting the growing demand of human society. The birth of synthetic ammonia technology has completely changed this situation. The Haber-Bosch process, invented by German scientists in the early 20th century, is the core of modern synthetic ammonia technology. This process uses nitrogen from the air and hydrogen from natural gas or coal as raw materials, and under the conditions of high temperature, high pressure and metal catalysts, nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia. This technology realizes the large-scale artificial synthesis of ammonia, making the mass production of chemical fertilizers possible and greatly increasing the global grain yield. However, the traditional Haber-Bosch process has obvious shortcomings. It requires extremely high temperature and pressure, which consumes a lot of fossil energy and produces a large amount of carbon dioxide, causing serious energy waste and environmental pollution. In recent years, scientists have been researching new synthetic ammonia technologies, such as electrocatalytic synthetic ammonia under mild conditions. This new technology uses renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy to provide electricity, which can synthesize ammonia at normal temperature and pressure, greatly reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The innovation of synthetic ammonia technology is not only a great progress in chemical engineering but also an important way to achieve green and low-carbon development. With the development of new energy and catalytic materials, green synthetic ammonia technology will be more mature and widely promoted, bringing more benefits to human society. 5. Why is ammonia crucial for human society? A. It can be obtained easily from natural minerals B. It is the main raw material for synthetic fertilizers and related to food security C. It can be synthesized at normal temperature and pressure traditionally D. It produces a lot of carbon dioxide in production 6. What are the raw materials of the Haber-Bosch process for synthetic ammonia? A. Ammonia and chemical fertilizers B. Nitrogen from air and hydrogen from fossil fuels C. Solar energy and wind energy D. Metal catalysts and carbon dioxide 7. What is the main shortcoming of the traditional Haber-Bosch process? A. Low production efficiency and small output B. Relies on renewable energy and is not easy to promote C. High energy consumption and serious environmental pollution D. Can only be used in agricultural production and has a single use 8. What can we infer about new electrocatalytic synthetic ammonia technology? A. It has completely replaced the traditional Haber-Bosch process B. It is more environmentally friendly and energy-saving than the traditional one C. It requires high temperature and high pressure reaction conditions D. It cannot use solar or wind energy as power support C篇 话题：季风气候的形成与地理影响（提升层） Monsoon climate is a typical climate type distributed in the eastern and southern coastal areas of Asia, northern Australia and parts of Africa, characterized by obvious seasonal changes in wind direction and significant differences in precipitation between dry and wet seasons. Its formation is mainly related to the thermal difference between land and sea and the seasonal movement of the solar equator. The core reason for monsoon formation is the different heat capacity of land and sea. In summer, the sun's radiation is strong; land heats up faster than the ocean, forming a low-pressure area on the land surface, while the ocean is a high-pressure area. Under the action of pressure difference, the warm and humid sea wind blows to the land, which is called the summer monsoon. Summer monsoon brings a lot of water vapor from the ocean, leading to abundant precipitation in monsoon areas, which is the wet season of the year. In winter, the situation is completely opposite. The land cools down faster than the ocean, forming a high-pressure area on the land, and the ocean becomes a low-pressure area. The cold and dry land wind blows to the ocean, which is the winter monsoon. Winter monsoon has little water vapor, so the monsoon areas have little precipitation in winter, which is the dry season. The seasonal movement of the solar equator will adjust the scope and intensity of the monsoon, making the monsoon climate more obvious in tropical and subtropical regions. Monsoon climate has a profound impact on human production and life and regional geography. Abundant summer precipitation provides sufficient water for agricultural production, making monsoon areas important grain production bases in the world. However, abnormal monsoon will cause extreme weather such as floods and droughts, which brings great challenges to regional disaster prevention and mitigation. In addition, monsoon also affects the distribution of vegetation and the development of coastal fisheries in the affected areas. 9. What is the main characteristic of monsoon climate? A. Unchanged wind direction and uniform annual precipitation B. Obvious seasonal wind direction changes and dry-wet season differences C. Only distributed in the eastern coastal areas of Asia D. No precipitation in winter and heavy rain in summer 10. What is the core reason for the formation of monsoon climate? A. The seasonal movement of the solar equator B. The different heat capacity of land and sea C. The distribution of global vegetation and fisheries D. The occurrence of floods and droughts in coastal areas 11. Why do monsoon areas have abundant precipitation in summer? A. Summer monsoon brings a lot of water vapor from the ocean B. Land forms a high-pressure area and blows dry wind to the ocean C. The solar equator moves to the southern hemisphere D. Winter monsoon is replaced by cold and dry land wind 12. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The types and distribution of global climate B. The formation causes and geographical impacts of monsoon climate C. The relationship between monsoon and agricultural production D. The prevention and mitigation measures of monsoon-related disasters 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $