Unit 2 词汇复习及练习-2025-2026学年沪教版(五四学制）英语八年级下册

上海英语新教材8（下）Unit 2 词汇复习及练习 基础练习： I. Translate the following phrases into English(把下列词组译成英文) 1. 公元前7000年 2. 伟大而古老的发明 3. 改变我们每日的习惯 4. 我完全同意 5. 历史上 6. 在紧急时刻 7. 使某人惊奇 8. 偶然地，意外地 9. 明白你的观点 10. 把……变成 11. 转折点 12. 用这种方法 13. 平躺在机翼上 14. 首先，首要 15. 在另一方面 16. 简而言之 17. 有助于科学和经济的发展 18. 治疗疟疾的重要方法 19. 一个惊人的发现 20. 古代中国医学书籍 II. Translate the following sentences into English(把下列句子译成英文) 1. 爱迪生的故事多么鼓舞人心! 2. 她做实验多么仔细啊! 3. 最终，一行字让她灵光一闪——是一个低温提取的方法! 4. 无论他们多么努力的尝试，他们都没能从这个植物上找到那个起作用的部分。 5. 青霉素的发现改变了医学的进程，并使医生能够治疗严重的疾病。 6. 她主动提出在自己身上测试这种药物，之后才将其提供给其他人。 III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式填空) 1. We must take the situation and follow the doctor's advice when we are ill. (serious) 2. The scientist's of a new plant has helped develop new ways to treat certain diseases. (discover) 3. Last summer,my classmates and I went to the forest to different kinds of birds and insects. (exploration) 4. Everyone should follow social rules to make our more harmonious and orderly. (socialism) 5. The opening of the new subway line has greatly promoted the development of the local . (economic) 6. My mother always tells me to keep out of the reach of little children. (medical) IV. Complete the following sentences.The first letters are given (用适当的单词完成下列句子，首字母已给) 1. We visited an a temple in the mountains that was built over 1,000 years ago. 2. This bag is made of a special m that is both light and strong. 3. She won an a for her excellent performance in the school English speech contest. 4. I chose a painting c this semester because I've always loved drawing. 5. I usually spend my s time reading storybooks or playing basketball with friends. 6. Every weekend,many students v to help clean up the park near our community. V. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms (用所给动词的适当形式填空) 1. When a lot of people were getting sick with malaria, Tu Youyou to find a medicine. (choose) 2. They many times before they succeeded. (try) 3. Later, qinghaosu became an important treatment for malaria and millions of lives. (save) 4. In the 1970s, the Concorde the world’s fastest passenger plane. (become) 5. Tu volunteered the medicine on herself before giving it to others. (test) 6. Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it easily. (damage) 7. However, it stopped in 2003 because of technical and financial problems. (fly) VI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( )1.The car is so fast and convenient that it can take people to hospital quickly in emergency. A.an B.a C.the D./ ( )2.Kevin's fans all agree that he is players they've ever seen. A.powerful B.more powerful C.the most powerful D.one of the most powerful ( )3. his surprise,the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it from growing. A.In B.To C.Through D.Up ( )4.He was surprised a green light coming from the tubes. A.to see B.see C.seeing D.seen ( )5. Edison was inventing a safe and inexpensive light bulb,he failed thousands of times. A.So B.Although C.Because D.When ( )6.The scientist tested the medicine on after doing some animal experiments. A.he B.his C.him D.himself ( )7.According to the rule,used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes. A.can B.may C.must D.need ( )8.The trip sounds interesting, I'd rather stay at home.Thank you all the same. A.and B.or C.but D.so ( )9.I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. surprise! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )10. — — Come on! Just give it a try. A.I'm afraid I can't ride the bike. B.I’m sorry for breaking the window. C.I'm glad to win first place. D.I'm sure it's bad for your eyes. VII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子) 1. She read a large number of ancient Chinese medical books before discovering a new treatment. (改为否定句) She a large number of ancient Chinese medical books before discovering a new treatment. 2. I happened to find this old family photo by chance while cleaning out the attic over the weekend. (保持原句意思不变) I found this old family photo while cleaning out the attic over the weekend. 3. they tried hard/Tu and her team failed to get the active part from the plant (选词成句 no matter how, unless, now that, as soon as) 4. he was even more surprised/the light appeared on a screen beside him (选词成句so that, if, when, although) 5. the bacteria/to his surprise/the mould/to stop/around it/from growing/seemed(连词成句) 提高练习： I. 短语默写 1. 有助于传播知识 2. 被授予诺贝尔奖 3. 挽救生命的药物 4. 转折点 5. 自愿做某事 6. 对飞行就很好奇 7. 阻止周围的细菌生长 8. 治疗疟疾的一个重要的医疗方法 9. 用于水上运输和世界探索 10. 使得沟通更容易 11. 伟大发现背后的故事 12. 改变了人们的工作方式 13. 安全和便宜的灯泡 14. 用试管做实验 15. 拯救无数人的生命 16. 飞行史上的一个奇迹 II. 句子默写 1. 想象一下骑着马去医院! 2. 他惊讶地看到绿光从管子里射了出来。 3. 这些话语多么鼓舞人心啊! 4. 当光线穿过他妻子的手时，令人兴奋的事情发生了。 5. 她称这一发现是“中医药赠予世界的礼物”。 III. 词性转换默写 请根据提示完成下面表格 原 词 词性/中文 英 文 词性/中文 英 文 1.discovery(n.) (v.)发现 (v.)覆盖 2.explore(v.) (n.)探索；勘查 (adj.)未被探索的 3.socialism(n.) (n.)社会；社团 (adj.)社会的；社交的 4.medicine(n.) (adj.)医学的；医疗的 / / 5.expensive(adj.) (n.)费用 (adj.)不昂贵的 6.ill(adj.) (adj.)不友好的； 不利的 (n.)生病；疾病 7.treat(v.) (n.)处理；对待 (adj.)已处理过的；加工过的 8.serious(adj.) (adv.)严肃地；认 真地 (n.)严肃性；认真；当真 9.accident(n.) (adj.)意外的；偶 然(发生)的 (adv.)偶然地；意外地； 10.invent(v.) (n.)发明家 (n.)发明；发明物 11.economy(n.) (adj.)经济的，经济学的 (n.)经济学 (adj.)节约的，节俭的 12.encourage(v.) (n.)鼓励 (adj.)令人鼓舞的 IV. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( )1. amazing the magic show was in yesterday's celebration! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an ( )2. surprised he was to see his lost notebook again on the bookshelf! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )3. educational program we watched last week! A.How B.What C.How an D.What an ( )4. fun it is to have a field trip on Chongming Island! A.What B.What a C.Isn't D.How a ( )5. beautiful the flowers look in full bloom during springtime! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )6. lucky you are to have such a warm family! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a ( )7. beautiful screen the phone has!It has changed our opinion on mobile phones. A.What B.How C.What a D.What an ( ) 8. unpleasant smell!Is something on fire? A.How B.What an C.How an D.What ( )9. good news it is to have another international airport in Shanghai soon! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )10. exhausting day at work!I feel too tired to say a word! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )11. useful information and extra help the volunteer offered us during the trip! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )12. useful the advice the friendly customer gave us about the Magic Hotel is! A.How B.What C.What a D.How a V. Rewrite the following sentences as required ( 按要求改写句子) 1. He was surprised that the mould seemed to make the bacteria around it not grow. (保持原句意思不变) , from growing. 2. He got back. He found some strange mould growing on some of his dishes. (合并为一句) 3. what/to stop/have found/scientists/a useful way/the disease/from/spreading(连词成句) 4. can live/wonderful inventions/thanks to/so many/we/a comfortable life(连词成句) 5. too late/for/some new skills/never/to learn/is/the senior citizens/it(连词成句) 拓展阅读： Sun Simiao:The“King of Medicine”in Ancient China Sun Simiao(?-682)was one of the most respected physicians of China's Tang Dynasty.As a child,he often suffered from illness.This personal experience not only motivated him to study medicine but also made him deeply understand the pain of sickness.He decided to devote his life to healing others with both knowledge and compassion. 1 . Sun did not limit his learning to one school of thought.He studied classical medical texts and skillfully integrated ideas from Taoism,Buddhism,and Confucianism into his practice.He strongly believed that a good doctor should not only master medical skills but also show genuine care for patients' well-being. 2 . Besides reading books,Sun traveled across different regions to collect medicinal herbs and learn from local healers. He valued folk knowledge and believed that real understanding came from practice.Later,he compiled his findings into a famous book called Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold(《备急千金要方》), which contained thousands of effective treatments. 3 . Sun trusted nature and closely observed how things worked.For example,he used animal livers to cure night blindness and seaweed to treat goiter(甲状腺肿) . These treatments were not only effective but also affordable and easy to find,especially for poor families. 4 . Sun believed that a doctor's duty was to help anyone in need,rich or poor.He was so committed to this idea that he even turned down an invitation to become the emperor's personal doctor.Instead,he chose to serve common people in rural villages.He also noticed that women and children often had unique health needs that were overlooked.To help them,he wrote special books focusing on their diseases and treatments. Sun believed that doctors must continue to learn and improve their skills throughout their lives. He wrote, 5 . His generous spirit and practical wisdom made him a timeless model in the history of Chinese medicine. Fill in the blanks with the sentences in the box(选择适当的句子填空) A.He emphasized the importance of practical experience and learning from people B.He valued medical ethics and service to ordinary people C.He combined different medical traditions and focused on both treatment and compassion D.Many of his treatments were based on careful observation and natural materials E.A great physician should not care about status or wealth when treating patients 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海英语新教材8（下）Unit 2 词汇复习及练习 基础练习： I. Translate the following phrases into English(把下列词组译成英文) 1. 公元前7000年 2. 伟大而古老的发明 3. 改变我们每日的习惯 4. 我完全同意 5. 历史上 6. 在紧急时刻 7. 使某人惊奇 8. 偶然地，意外地 9. 明白你的观点 10. 把……变成 11. 转折点 12. 用这种方法 13. 平躺在机翼上 14. 首先，首要 15. 在另一方面 16. 简而言之 17. 有助于科学和经济的发展 18. 治疗疟疾的重要方法 19. 一个惊人的发现 20. 古代中国医学书籍 II. Translate the following sentences into English(把下列句子译成英文) 1. 爱迪生的故事多么鼓舞人心! 2. 她做实验多么仔细啊! 3. 最终，一行字让她灵光一闪——是一个低温提取的方法! 4. 无论他们多么努力的尝试，他们都没能从这个植物上找到那个起作用的部分。 5. 青霉素的发现改变了医学的进程，并使医生能够治疗严重的疾病。 6. 她主动提出在自己身上测试这种药物，之后才将其提供给其他人。 III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms(用所给单词的适当形式填空) 1. We must take the situation and follow the doctor's advice when we are ill. (serious) 2. The scientist's of a new plant has helped develop new ways to treat certain diseases. (discover) 3. Last summer,my classmates and I went to the forest to different kinds of birds and insects. (exploration) 4. Everyone should follow social rules to make our more harmonious and orderly. (socialism) 5. The opening of the new subway line has greatly promoted the development of the local . (economic) 6. My mother always tells me to keep out of the reach of little children. (medical) IV. Complete the following sentences.The first letters are given (用适当的单词完成下列句子，首字母已给) 1. We visited an a temple in the mountains that was built over 1,000 years ago. 2. This bag is made of a special m that is both light and strong. 3. She won an a for her excellent performance in the school English speech contest. 4. I chose a painting c this semester because I've always loved drawing. 5. I usually spend my s time reading storybooks or playing basketball with friends. 6. Every weekend,many students v to help clean up the park near our community. V. Fill in the blanks with the verbs in their proper forms (用所给动词的适当形式填空) 1. When a lot of people were getting sick with malaria, Tu Youyou to find a medicine. (choose) 2. They many times before they succeeded. (try) 3. Later, qinghaosu became an important treatment for malaria and millions of lives. (save) 4. In the 1970s, the Concorde the world’s fastest passenger plane. (become) 5. Tu volunteered the medicine on herself before giving it to others. (test) 6. Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it easily. (damage) 7. However, it stopped in 2003 because of technical and financial problems. (fly) VI. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( )1.The car is so fast and convenient that it can take people to hospital quickly in emergency. A.an B.a C.the D./ ( )2.Kevin's fans all agree that he is players they've ever seen. A.powerful B.more powerful C.the most powerful D.one of the most powerful ( )3. his surprise,the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it from growing. A.In B.To C.Through D.Up ( )4.He was surprised a green light coming from the tubes. A.to see B.see C.seeing D.seen ( )5. Edison was inventing a safe and inexpensive light bulb,he failed thousands of times. A.So B.Although C.Because D.When ( )6.The scientist tested the medicine on after doing some animal experiments. A.he B.his C.him D.himself ( )7.According to the rule,used batteries be dropped in the red bin for harmful wastes. A.can B.may C.must D.need ( )8.The trip sounds interesting, I'd rather stay at home.Thank you all the same. A.and B.or C.but D.so ( )9.I didn’t expect my baby brother to come to my graduation ceremony. surprise! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )10. — — Come on! Just give it a try. A.I'm afraid I can't ride the bike. B.I’m sorry for breaking the window. C.I'm glad to win first place. D.I'm sure it's bad for your eyes. VII. Rewrite the sentences as required (按要求改写句子) 1. She read a large number of ancient Chinese medical books before discovering a new treatment. (改为否定句) She a large number of ancient Chinese medical books before discovering a new treatment. 2. I happened to find this old family photo by chance while cleaning out the attic over the weekend. (保持原句意思不变) I found this old family photo while cleaning out the attic over the weekend. 3. they tried hard/Tu and her team failed to get the active part from the plant (选词成句 no matter how, unless, now that, as soon as) 4. he was even more surprised/the light appeared on a screen beside him (选词成句so that, if, when, although) 5. the bacteria/to his surprise/the mould/to stop/around it/from growing/seemed(连词成句) Keys: I. 1.7000 BCE/7000 BC 2.great and ancient inventions 3.change our daily habits 4.I completely/totally agree. 5.in history 6.in an emergency 7.to one's surprise 8.by accident 9.see your point 10. turn...into... 11.a turning point 12.with this method 13.lie flat on the wing 14.first of all 15.on the other hand 16.in short 17.help the development of science and economy 18.an important treatment for malaria 19.an amazing discovery 20.ancient Chinese medical books Ⅱ.1.How inspiring Edison's story is!/What an inspiring story Edison's is! 2.How carefully she does experiments! 3.Finally,one line lit up an idea for her—a low-heat method! 4.No matter how hard they tried,they couldn't/failed to find the active part from this plant. 5.The discovery of penicillin changed the course of medicine and has made it possible for doctors to treat serious illnesses. 6.She volunteered to test the medicine on herself before giving it to others. Ⅲ.1.seriously 2.discovery 3.explore 4.society 5.economy 6.medicine(s) IV.1.ancient 2.material 3.award 4.course 5.spare 6.volunteer V.1.was chosen 2.had tried 3.has saved 4.became 5.to test 6.will be damaged 7.flying VI.1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.A VII.1.didn't read 2.by accident 3.No matter how hard they tried,Tu and her team failed to get the active part from the plant. 4.He was even more surprised when the light appeared on a screen beside him. 5.To his surprise,the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it from growing. 提高练习： I. 短语默写 1. 有助于传播知识 2. 被授予诺贝尔奖 3. 挽救生命的药物 4. 转折点 5. 自愿做某事 6. 对飞行就很好奇 7. 阻止周围的细菌生长 8. 治疗疟疾的一个重要的医疗方法 9. 用于水上运输和世界探索 10. 使得沟通更容易 11. 伟大发现背后的故事 12. 改变了人们的工作方式 13. 安全和便宜的灯泡 14. 用试管做实验 15. 拯救无数人的生命 16. 飞行史上的一个奇迹 II. 句子默写 1. 想象一下骑着马去医院! 2. 他惊讶地看到绿光从管子里射了出来。 3. 这些话语多么鼓舞人心啊! 4. 当光线穿过他妻子的手时，令人兴奋的事情发生了。 5. 她称这一发现是“中医药赠予世界的礼物”。 III. 词性转换默写 请根据提示完成下面表格 原 词 词性/中文 英 文 词性/中文 英 文 1.discovery(n.) (v.)发现 (v.)覆盖 2.explore(v.) (n.)探索；勘查 (adj.)未被探索的 3.socialism(n.) (n.)社会；社团 (adj.)社会的；社交的 4.medicine(n.) (adj.)医学的；医疗的 / / 5.expensive(adj.) (n.)费用 (adj.)不昂贵的 6.ill(adj.) (adj.)不友好的； 不利的 (n.)生病；疾病 7.treat(v.) (n.)处理；对待 (adj.)已处理过的；加工过的 8.serious(adj.) (adv.)严肃地；认 真地 (n.)严肃性；认真；当真 9.accident(n.) (adj.)意外的；偶 然(发生)的 (adv.)偶然地；意外地； 10.invent(v.) (n.)发明家 (n.)发明；发明物 11.economy(n.) (adj.)经济的，经济学的 (n.)经济学 (adj.)节约的，节俭的 12.encourage(v.) (n.)鼓励 (adj.)令人鼓舞的 IV. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案) ( )1. amazing the magic show was in yesterday's celebration! A.What B.What an C.How D.How an ( )2. surprised he was to see his lost notebook again on the bookshelf! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )3. educational program we watched last week! A.How B.What C.How an D.What an ( )4. fun it is to have a field trip on Chongming Island! A.What B.What a C.Isn't D.How a ( )5. beautiful the flowers look in full bloom during springtime! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )6. lucky you are to have such a warm family! A.How B.How a C.What D.What a ( )7. beautiful screen the phone has!It has changed our opinion on mobile phones. A.What B.How C.What a D.What an ( ) 8. unpleasant smell!Is something on fire? A.How B.What an C.How an D.What ( )9. good news it is to have another international airport in Shanghai soon! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )10. exhausting day at work!I feel too tired to say a word! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )11. useful information and extra help the volunteer offered us during the trip! A.What B.What a C.What an D.How ( )12. useful the advice the friendly customer gave us about the Magic Hotel is! A.How B.What C.What a D.How a V. Rewrite the following sentences as required ( 按要求改写句子) 1. He was surprised that the mould seemed to make the bacteria around it not grow. (保持原句意思不变) , from growing. 2. He got back. He found some strange mould growing on some of his dishes. (合并为一句) 3. what/to stop/have found/scientists/a useful way/the disease/from/spreading(连词成句) 4. can live/wonderful inventions/thanks to/so many/we/a comfortable life(连词成句) 5. too late/for/some new skills/never/to learn/is/the senior citizens/it(连词成句) 拓展阅读： Sun Simiao:The“King of Medicine”in Ancient China Sun Simiao(?-682)was one of the most respected physicians of China's Tang Dynasty.As a child,he often suffered from illness.This personal experience not only motivated him to study medicine but also made him deeply understand the pain of sickness.He decided to devote his life to healing others with both knowledge and compassion. 1 . Sun did not limit his learning to one school of thought.He studied classical medical texts and skillfully integrated ideas from Taoism,Buddhism,and Confucianism into his practice.He strongly believed that a good doctor should not only master medical skills but also show genuine care for patients' well-being. 2 . Besides reading books,Sun traveled across different regions to collect medicinal herbs and learn from local healers. He valued folk knowledge and believed that real understanding came from practice.Later,he compiled his findings into a famous book called Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold(《备急千金要方》), which contained thousands of effective treatments. 3 . Sun trusted nature and closely observed how things worked.For example,he used animal livers to cure night blindness and seaweed to treat goiter(甲状腺肿) . These treatments were not only effective but also affordable and easy to find,especially for poor families. 4 . Sun believed that a doctor's duty was to help anyone in need,rich or poor.He was so committed to this idea that he even turned down an invitation to become the emperor's personal doctor.Instead,he chose to serve common people in rural villages.He also noticed that women and children often had unique health needs that were overlooked.To help them,he wrote special books focusing on their diseases and treatments. Sun believed that doctors must continue to learn and improve their skills throughout their lives. He wrote, 5 . His generous spirit and practical wisdom made him a timeless model in the history of Chinese medicine. Fill in the blanks with the sentences in the box(选择适当的句子填空) A.He emphasized the importance of practical experience and learning from people B.He valued medical ethics and service to ordinary people C.He combined different medical traditions and focused on both treatment and compassion D.Many of his treatments were based on careful observation and natural materials E.A great physician should not care about status or wealth when treating patients 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Keys: I. 1.help spread knowledge 2.be awarded the Nobel Prize 3.life-saving medicine 4.a turning point 5.volunteer to do something 6.be curious about flying 7.stop the bacteria around it from growing 8.an important medical method for treating malaria 9.be used for water transportation and world exploration 10.make communication easier 11.the story behind the great discovery 12.change people's way of working 13.safe and inexpensive light bulbs 14.do experiments with test tubes 15.save the lives of countless people 16.a miracle in the history of flight Ⅱ. 1.Imagine going to hospital on a horse! 2.He was surprised to see a green light coming from the tubes. 3.How encouraging these words are! 4.When he passed the light through his wife's hand,something exciting happened. 5.She called the discovery“a gift from Traditional Chinese Medicine to the world” 原 词 词性/中文 英 文 词性/中文 英 文 1.discovery(n.) (v.)发现 discover (v.)覆盖 cover 2.explore(v.) (n.)探索；勘查 exploration 未被探索的(adj.) unexplored 3.socialism(n.) (n.)社会；社团 society (adj.)社会的；社交的 social 4.medicine(n.) (adj.)医学的；医疗的 medical / / 5.expensive(adj.) (n.)费用 expense (adj.)不昂贵的 inexpensive 6.ill(adj.) (adj.)不友好的； 不利的 ill (n.)生病；疾病 illness 7.treat(v.) (n.)处理；对待 treatment (adj.)已处理过 的；加工过的 treated 8.serious(adj.) (adv.)严肃地；认真地 seriously (n.)严肃性；认真；当真 seriousness 9.accident(n.) (adj.)意外的；偶然(发生)的 accidental (adv.)偶然地；意外地 ； accidentally 10.invent(v.) (n.)发明家 inventor (n.)发明；发明物 invention 11.economy(n.) (adj.)经济的，经济学的 economical (n.)经济学 economics (adj.)节约的，节俭的 economic 12.encourage(v.) (n.)鼓励 encouragement (adj.)令人鼓舞的 encouraging IV.1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.A V.1.To his surprise,the mould seemed to stop the bacteria around it. 2.When he got back,he found some strange mould growing on some of his dishes. 3.What a useful way scientists have found to stop the disease from spreading! 4.Thanks to so many wonderful inventions,we can live a comfortable life. 5.It is never too late for the senior citizens to learn some new skills. 拓展阅读 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.E 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $