普通高中英语课程标准(2025版)高考词汇讲与练(23)---2026届高三英语一轮复习

普通高中英语课程标准(2025版) 高考词汇讲与练(23)---2026届高三英语一轮复习 269. big 【核心含义】 adj. 大的；重要的；重大的；宏伟的 比较级bigger 最高级biggest 【派生词汇】 bigness /ˈbɪɡnəs/n. 大；巨大；重要性 【常见搭配】 a big meal 一顿丰盛的大餐 a big decision 重大的决定 big news 重磅消息 big deal 重要的事；大人物（口语） big name 知名人士；大牌 go big 做大；大展身手 be big on sth 热衷于某事；非常喜欢某物 270. bike 【核心含义】 n. 自行车 v. 骑自行车 (同 bicycle) 【常见搭配】 ride a bike 骑自行车take a bike 骑上自行车bike to school 骑自行车去上学 by bike 乘自行车 【巩固练习】 (1)每天骑自行车上学，是一种环保的方式，也是对我们有益的锻炼。 __________________________________________________ is an environmentally friendly way and also a good form of exercise for us. (2)你在街上骑自行车时应该戴头盔。 You should wear a helmet ______________________________________(bike v.). 271. bill 【核心含义】 n. 账单；票据；法案；纸币 【巩固练习】 写出bill的精准词义 (1)We should keep the shopping bill well after buying school supplies. __________ (2)The new bill about environmental protection will be discussed next week. __________ (3)Do you have a ten-pound bill in your wallet? __________ (4)She sent me the bill for the repair work by email.__________ 【真题在线】 (1)(2024年浙江1月）5. What is the man going to do tomorrow? A.Pay the bill. B. Check the mailbox. C. Fix the gas cooker. (2)(2025全国二卷)Text 2W: So would you folks like some dessert? M: Just bring us the bill, please. We need to get back on the road and continue our journey. W: No problem. 272. billion 【核心含义】 num. 十亿；大量 【常见搭配】 billions of 数十亿的；数亿计的 two billion 两亿 【巩固练习】 汉译英 (1)地球上有超过 70 亿人口。 ______________________________on the earth. (2)全世界数十亿人都在努力保护地球，共建绿色家园。 ________________________________________ are making efforts to protect the earth and build a greener home. 273. bin 【核心含义】 n. 垃圾桶；垃圾箱 v. 扔掉 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)我们要把废纸和空瓶子扔进垃圾桶，保持校园的干净整洁。 We should ________________________________________to keep the campus clean and tidy. (2)复习结束后，记得把没用的笔记扔掉，将有用的妥善保存备用。 ______________________________________ after finishing the review, and keep the useful ones well for future use. 274. biology 【核心含义】 n. 生物学；生物 【派生词汇】 biologist n. 生物学家 biological adj. 生物学的；生物的；生理的 biologically adv. 生物学上；生理上 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)She wants to be a ________(biology) when she grows up. (2)We have to do some ___________ (biology) experiments in the lab this week. (3)______________(biology) speaking, this kind of plant only grows in the south. 275. bird 【核心含义】 n. 鸟；鸟类 【常见搭配】 an early bird早起的人；早到者 birds of a feather (flock together)物以类聚，人以群分 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.一鸟在手，胜似二鸟在林。 kill two birds with one stone.一石二鸟，一举两得 give someone the bird对某人竖起中指表示蔑视 bird's-eye view鸟瞰图，全景 276. birth 【核心含义】 n. 出生；诞生；起源；发源；诞生 【派生词汇】 birthplace n. 出生地；发源地 birthday n. 生日；诞辰 birthraten. 出生率 birthing n. 分娩；生产 【常见搭配】 giving birth 分娩 give birth to 生下；孕育；产生 at birth 出生时 by birth 天生；血统上；出生地 from birth 从出生起 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)她出生时体重 3 公斤。She weighed 3kg ___________. (2)互联网的诞生改变了世界。______________________ changed the world. (3)她昨天生下一个女婴。She ___________ a baby girl yesterday. (4)他祖籍法国，却住在中国。He is French___________ but lives in China. (5)The birth of new ideas often comes from continuous thinking and bold exploration in our study. _____________________________________. 277 biscuit 【核心含义】 n. 饼干；点心 【巩固练习】 英译汉 We shared biscuits and fruits with each other at the class party, talking and laughing happily together. 班级聚会上，我们互相分享饼干和水果，一起开心地谈笑。 278. bit 【核心含义】 n./adj.（形容词，仅作定语）/adv. 一点；少量；小块；咬；一口（表动作的量；片刻；一会儿 【常见搭配】 bit by bit 逐渐地；一点一点地（= little by little） a bit 有点儿；稍微（修饰 adj./adv./v.，否定用 not a bit = 一点也不） a bit of 一点；一些（修饰不可数名词 / 单数可数名词） not a bit 一点也不（易混考点：对比 not a little = 非常） quite a bit 相当多；不少（= quite a lot） 【巩固练习】 英汉互译 (1)一整天的学习过后我会有点疲惫，但读一篇小故事就能让我很快放松下来。 _________________________________, but reading a short story can make me relax quickly. (2)一点点耐心和细心，就能帮我们在作业和考试中避免犯低级错误。 _________________________________ can help us avoid making silly mistakes in our homework and exams. (3)我们一点一点完成了这项工作。_________________________________. (4)我懂不少英语。_________________________________. (5)他一点儿也不介意帮忙做家务。 _______________________________________________________. 279. bite 【核心含义】 v. (bit, bitten) 咬；叮；刺痛; 刺痛（风 / 寒冷等）；上钩（鱼） n. 咬；叮；啃（动作）；（咬下的）一口; 咬伤；叮伤；咬痕; 上钩；咬饵; 少量（食物） 【常见搭配】 bite on sth. 咬某物；啃某物 bite off 咬下；啃掉 take a bite (of sth.) 咬一口（某物） bite one’s lip/tongue 咬嘴唇 / 舌头（强忍愤怒 / 不说出话） bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂；不自量力 once bitten, twice shy 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳（经典谚语） 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)She___________ (bite) her lip and tried not to laugh. (2)The boy has been___________ (bite) by a mosquito. (3)There’s a ___________ (bite) wind outside today. (4)The child bit ___________ a big piece of cake. 英汉互译 (1)The fish refused to bite this morning. ____________________________________________, (2)Don’t bite off more than you can chew—you can’t finish so much work at a time. ____________________________________________ (3)Once bitten, twice shy, so he dare not swim alone any more. _______________________________________________________ (4)The cold wind in winter bit my faces sharply. _______________________________________________________ 280. bitter 【核心含义】 adj./adv./n.苦的（味觉，反义 sweet）；刺骨的、凛冽的（形容风 / 寒冷） 愤愤不平的；心怀怨恨的；痛苦的、辛酸的；激烈的、针锋相对的 adv.苦涩地；极其 【派生词汇】 bitterly adv. 苦涩地；痛苦地；极其；激烈地 bitterness n. 苦味；痛苦；怨恨、愤愤不平 【常见搭配】 be bitter about/at sth. 对某事心怀怨恨 / 愤愤不平 be bitter against sb. 对某人怀有敌意 to the bitter end 坚持到底；拼到最后（尤指困境中） 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)柠檬尝起来是苦的。The lemon ___________, so I don’t like it. (2)一阵寒风掠过田野。___________ was blowing across the field. (3)她因错失这份工作而愤愤不平。 She ______________________being passed over for the job. (4)北方的冬天冷得刺骨。 It’s ______________________ in the north in winter. (5)Time can fade the bitterness in her heart. ____________________________________________. 281.black 【核心含义】 adj. 黑色的；黑人的；黑暗的；沮丧的；邪恶的 n. 黑色；黑人；黑颜料；黑暗v. （使）变黑；涂黑 【派生词汇】 blackness n. 黑色；黑暗；邪恶 blacken v. （使）变黑；抹黑；诋毁 black-hearted adj. 黑心的；邪恶的 【常见搭配】 turn black 变黑 see black 眼前发黑；失去知觉 in black 穿着黑色衣服 black and white 黑白的；白纸黑字；是非分明 black out （因疾病、震惊）失去知觉；遮蔽（光线）；抹去（记忆） black sb/sth out 把…… 从记忆中抹去；屏蔽（信息） 282.blackboard n. 黑板 283. blame 【核心含义】 v. 责备；指责；归咎于 n. 责备；过错 【派生词汇】 blameful adj. 应受责备的；该受谴责的 blameless adj. 无过失的；清白的；无可指责的 【常见搭配】 (1)accept the blame 承担责任 take the blame for 为…… 承担责任 put the blame on sb 把过错推给某人 deserve blame 应受责备 (2)blame sb for (doing) sth 因（做）某事责备某人 blame... on careless driving 把……归咎于 be to blame (for sth) （对某事）应负责任（主动形式表被动含义） 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)Many people blame the global warming_______ human activities. (2)—Who is_______(blame) for the broken window? —It's Tom's fault. He kicked a ball at it. (3)Don't blame him_______ making such a silly mistake—he is only a child. 完成句子 (1)我们不应将自己的错误归咎于他人，要勇敢面对并及时改正。 ___________________________________, but face them bravely and correct them in time. (2)把所有过错都推给一个人是不公平的，因为团队合作需要每个人承担责任。 __________________________________________, because teamwork needs everyone to take responsibility. (3)他主动为这次的团队失误承担了责任。（take the blame for） ___________________________________the team's mistake voluntarily. 【真题在线】 (2025全国二卷)31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 284. blank 【核心含义】 adj. 空白的；无表情的 n. 空白；空格 【派生词汇】 blankness n. 空白；无表情；茫然 【常见搭配】 fill in a blank 填空 stare into a blank 茫然地凝望 in blank 空白的；未填写的 blank out （因紧张 / 失忆）脑中一片空白 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)老师突然让我回答问题时，我茫然地凝望着，大脑也彻底一片空白。 _____________________ and _____________________ completely when the teacher asked me to answer the question suddenly. (2)他第一次站上讲台时大脑一片空白，但很快冷静下来完成了演讲。 _____________________when he stood on the stage for the first time, but he calmed down soon and finished the speech. 285. blanket 【核心含义】 n. 毯子；毛毯 v. 覆盖 【巩固练习】 英译汉 A thick blanket of snow covered the campus last winter, making the whole school look white and beautiful. ____________________________________________________________________. 286. bleed 【核心含义】 v. (bled, bled) 流血；出血；悲痛 【派生词汇】 bleeding adj. 流血的；悲痛的； bloodless adj. 无血的；不流血的；冷漠的 287. bless 【核心含义】 vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美；赐福于；有幸拥有（美好事物） 【派生词汇】 blessing n. 祝福；保佑；幸事；恩赐 blessed adj. 神圣的；有福的；幸运的 【常见搭配】 bless sb with sth 赐福于某人；使某人有幸拥有 bless for sth 因某事而感恩 / 祈福 give a blessing 送上祝福 receive a blessing 得到祝福 a blessing in disguise 塞翁失马，焉知非福 God bless you! 上帝保佑你！（正式 / 真诚祝愿） May God bless you! 愿上帝保佑你！ 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)She is blessed with a clever mind and a sharp eye for observation. _________________________________________________ (2)May God bless you with a safe journey. _________________________________________________ (3)This small failure is actually a blessing in disguise. ________________________________________________________ (4)We sincerely bless our motherland to become more and more powerful and prosperous every year. _________________________________________________ 普通高中英语课程标准(2025版) 高考词汇讲与练(23)---2026届高三英语一轮复习 269. big 270. bike 【巩固练习】 (1)每天骑自行车上学，是一种环保的方式，也是对我们有益的锻炼。 Riding a bike to school every day /Going to schook by bike is an environmentally friendly way and also a good form of exercise for us. (2)你在街上骑自行车时应该戴头盔。 You should wear a helmet when you bike on the street.(bike v.) 271. bill 【巩固练习】 写出bill的精准词义 (1)We should keep the shopping bill well after buying school supplies. 小票；票据 (2)The new bill about environmental protection will be discussed next week. 法案 (3)Do you have a ten-pound bill in your wallet? 纸币 (4)She sent me the bill for the repair work by email.账单 272. billion 【巩固练习】 汉译英 (1)地球上有超过 70 亿人口。 There are over seven billion people on the earth. (2)全世界数十亿人都在努力保护地球，共建绿色家园。 Billions of people all over the world are making efforts to protect the earth and build a greener home. 273. bin 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)我们要把废纸和空瓶子扔进垃圾桶，保持校园的干净整洁。 We should put the waste paper and empty bottles into the dust bin to keep the campus clean and tidy. (2)复习结束后，记得把没用的笔记扔掉，将有用的妥善保存备用。 Remember to bin the useless notes after finishing the review, and keep the useful ones well for future use. 274. biology 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)She wants to be a biologist (biology) when she grows up. (2)We have to do some biological (biology) experiments in the lab this week. (3)Biologically(biology) speaking, this kind of plant only grows in the south. 275. bird 276. birth 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)她出生时体重 3 公斤。She weighed 3kg at birth. (2)互联网的诞生改变了世界。The birth of the Internet changed the world. (3)她昨天生下一个女婴。She gave birth to a baby girl yesterday. (4)他祖籍法国，却住在中国。He is French by birth but lives in China. (5)The birth of new ideas often comes from continuous thinking and bold exploration in our study. 新想法的产生，往往源于学习中不断的思考和大胆的探索。 277 biscuit 【巩固练习】 英译汉 We shared biscuits and fruits with each other at the class party, talking and laughing happily together. 班级聚会上，我们互相分享饼干和水果，一起开心地谈笑。 278. bit 【巩固练习】 英汉互译 (1)一整天的学习过后我会有点疲惫，但读一篇小故事就能让我很快放松下来。 I feel a bit tired after a whole day of study, but reading a short story can make me relax quickly. (2)一点点耐心和细心，就能帮我们在作业和考试中避免犯低级错误。 A bit of patience and carefulness can help us avoid making silly mistakes in our homework and exams. (3)我们一点一点完成了这项工作。We finished the work bit by bit. (4)我懂不少英语。I know quite a bit about English. (5)他一点儿也不介意帮忙做家务。He is not a bit minding helping with the housework. 279. bite 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)She bit (bite) her lip and tried not to laugh. (2)The boy has been bitten (bite) by a mosquito. (3)There’s a biting (bite) wind outside today. (4)The child bit off a big piece of cake. 英汉互译 (1)The fish refused to bite this morning. 今天早上鱼不上钩。 (2)Don’t bite off more than you can chew—you can’t finish so much work at a time. 不要贪多嚼不烂，你一次做不完这么多工作。 (3)Once bitten, twice shy, so he dare not swim alone any more. 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳，他再也不敢独自游泳了。 (4)The cold wind in winter bit my faces sharply. 冬日的寒风刺痛我的脸颊。 280. bitter 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)柠檬尝起来是苦的。The lemon tastes bitter, so I don’t like it. (2)一阵寒风掠过田野。A bitter wind was blowing across the field. (3)她因错失这份工作而愤愤不平。 She was bitter about being passed over for the job. (4)北方的冬天冷得刺骨。 It’s bitterly cold in the north in winter. (5)Time can fade the bitterness in her heart. 时间能冲淡她心中的怨恨。 281.black 282.blackboard 283. blame 【巩固练习】 单句语法填空 (1)Many people blame the global warming on human activities. (2)—Who is to blame (blame) for the broken window? —It's Tom's fault. He kicked a ball at it. (3)Don't blame him for making such a silly mistake—he is only a child. 完成句子 (1)我们不应将自己的错误归咎于他人，要勇敢面对并及时改正。 We should not blame others for our own mistakes, but face them bravely and correct them in time. (2)把所有过错都推给一个人是不公平的，因为团队合作需要每个人承担责任。 It is unfair to put all the blame on one person, because teamwork needs everyone to take responsibility. (3)他主动为这次的团队失误承担了责任。（take the blame for） He took the blame for the team's mistake voluntarily. 284. blank 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)老师突然让我回答问题时，我茫然地凝望着，大脑也彻底一片空白。 I stared into a blank and my mind blanked out completely when the teacher asked me to answer the question suddenly. (2)他第一次站上讲台时大脑一片空白，但很快冷静下来完成了演讲。 His mind went blank when he stood on the stage for the first time, but he calmed down soon and finished the speech. 285. blanket 【巩固练习】 英译汉 A thick blanket of snow covered the campus last winter, making the whole school look white and beautiful. 去年冬天，一层厚厚的积雪覆盖了校园，让整个学校洁白又美丽。 286. bleed 287. bless 【巩固练习】 完成句子 (1)She is blessed with a clever mind and a sharp eye for observation. 她天生拥有聪慧的头脑和敏锐的观察力。 (2)May God bless you with a safe journey. 愿上帝保佑你一路平安。 (3)This small failure is actually a blessing in disguise. 这次小小的失败其实是塞翁失马，焉知非福。 (4)We sincerely bless our motherland to become more and more powerful and prosperous every year. 我们衷心祝愿祖国岁岁繁荣昌盛，日益强大。 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $