Unit 1 Past and present 现在完成时-1-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级下册（译林版）

该初中英语单元学案以“Past and present”为主题，聚焦现在完成时（1）的系统复习，目标是帮助学生掌握其概念、用法、句式、时间状语及过去分词变化。学案通过表格梳理核心知识点并搭配典型例句，构建“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”的递进式学习路径，体现知识建构的系统性和连贯性。 亮点在于多样化练习设计，如语法填空中的语篇任务（如茶文化、AI工具等主题），要求学生运用现在完成时分析语境，培养语言能力和思维品质。同时通过使用注意事项（如主谓一致、时间状语搭配）强化语法精准运用，为教师提供从知识梳理到能力训练的完整教学支持，助力学生深度学习和能力提升。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Past and present（新教材译林版） （现在完成时（1）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格全面梳理现在完成时的核心知识点，涵盖概念、用法、句式、时间状语及过去分词变化，搭配典型例句与应用场景，助力系统掌握语法规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句 核心 概念 两大核心含义 1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果 2. 过去开始并持续到现在（可能继续）的动作 / 状态 1. I have already read the book.（我已经读过这本书了，现在了解书中内容。） 2. She has taught in the school for ten years.（她在这所学校教书十年了，现在仍在教。） 核心 用法 用法 1（影响 / 结果） 常与 already（肯定句）、just（刚刚）、yet（疑问 / 否定句）、ever（曾经）、never（从未）、before（之前）搭配 ① Mother has just cleaned the house.（妈妈刚刚打扫完房子，现在房子很干净。） ② Have you ever met each other before?（你们以前见过面吗？） ③ He has never been to Beijing.（他从没去过北京。） 用法 2（持续动作 / 状态） 常与 for + 时间段、since + 时间点 / 一般过去时从句、recently（最近）、so far（到目前为止）、in the past few years（过去几年）搭配，谓语动词多为延续性动词 ① We have lived here since 2000.（我们从 2000 年起就住在这里。） ② Great changes have taken place in Handan in the past few years.（过去几年里邯郸发生了巨大变化。） ③ He has learnt many English words these days.（这些天他学了很多英语单词。） 句子构成 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词（I/we/you/they 用 have；he/she/it 用 has） I have finished the task.（我已经完成了任务。） She has helped me a lot.（她帮了我很多。） 否定句 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 She hasn’t finished her work yet.（她还没完成工作。） We haven’t seen him recently.（我们最近没见过他。） 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？（肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has；否定回答：No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t） —Has Lucy finished the task? —Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.（— 露西完成任务了吗？— 是的，她完成了。/ 不，她没完成。） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ What has he done?（他做了什么？） How long have you lived here?（你在这里住了多久了？） 常用时间状语 分类汇总 1. 表 “已 / 未 / 曾”：already、yet、ever、never、before、many times 2. 表 “近期 / 至今”：recently、so far、till now、up to now 3. 表 “持续”：for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）、since + 过去时间点（如 since 2020）/ 一般过去时从句（如 since I came here） 4. 表 “过去几年”：in/over/during the last/past...years ① So far, we have learned 2000 words.（到目前为止，我们已经学了 2000 个单词。） ② He has worked here for five years.（他在这里工作五年了。） ③ In the past three years, they have traveled a lot.（过去三年里，他们旅行了很多地方。） 过去分词变化 规则变化 1. 直接加 - ed：start→started、finish→finished 2. 不发音 e 结尾加 - d：create→created、like→liked 3. 辅音 + y 结尾变 i 加 - ed：reply→replied、try→tried 4. 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed：stop→stopped、plan→planned ① They have started the project.（他们已经启动了项目。） ② She has replied to the email.（她已经回复了邮件。） 不规则变化（与过去式相同） 1. 与原形相同：hit→hit、hurt→hurt 2. 加 t/d：learn→learnt、hear→heard 3. 元音变化：get→got、sit→sat 4. 辅音变化：make→made、spill→spilt 5. 元辅音均变化：feel→felt、smell→smelt ① He has hit the target.（他击中了目标。） ② I have learnt a lot from the book.（我从这本书中学到了很多。） ③ She has made great progress.（她取得了很大进步。） 不规则变化（与过去式不同） 1. 与原形相同：come→came→come、run→ran→run 2. 元音变化：ring→rang→rung、sing→sang→sung 3. 加 en：eat→ate→eaten、fall→fell→fallen 4. 加 n：see→saw→seen、give→gave→given 5. 过去式加 n：steal→stole→stolen、break→broke→broken 6. 词形差异大：do→did→done、go→went→gone ① They have come to the party.（他们已经来参加派对了。） ② I have eaten breakfast.（我已经吃过早饭了。） ③ She has seen the movie twice.（这部电影她已经看了两次了。） 使用注意事项 1. 主谓一致：have 搭配第一、二人称及复数主语，has 搭配第三人称单数主语，不可混淆。 2. 时间状语搭配禁忌：表示 “过去具体时间”（如 yesterday、last week）不能与现在完成时连用，需用一般过去时。 3. since 从句时态：since 引导的从句必须用一般现在时，主句用现在完成时（如 “I have lived here since I came to this city”）。 4. 不规则动词记忆：重点记忆高频不规则动词的过去分词（如 do→done、go→gone、eat→eaten），避免拼写错误。 5. 与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调 “过去对现在的影响 / 持续到现在”，一般过去时仅强调 “过去发生的动作”，需根据语境选择。 一、单项选择 1. As we all know, great changes _______ in China in the past thirty years. A．took place B．have taken place C．happened D．have happened 【答案】B 【详解】句意：正如我们所知道的，在刚刚过去的三十年里巨大的变化发生了。此题考查现在完成时时。根据句意，应选B。 2. —Would you like a piece of beef, Alice? —No, Thank you. I ________ two pancakes. I’m full up. A．have B．have had C．will have D．am having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，你想一吃块牛肉吗？——不用了，谢谢。我吃了两个煎饼。我吃饱了。 考查时态。根据“I’m full up.”可知，此处指过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 3. – _________ you ________ your lost football? _Yes, I have. I _________ it an hour ago. A．have found; found B．Did find; found C．have found; have found D．Did find; have found 【答案】A 【详解】试题分析：句意：你找到你丢失的足球了吗？——是的，我找到了。我一个小时前找到的。结合语境可知上文描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态。下文描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。选A。 考点：考查时态辨析 4. I think my father knows everything. He is my hero, he________ over 2500 books. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．has read 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我觉得我父亲什么都知道。他是我的英雄，他已经读了2500本书。 考查时态。reads一般现在时、单三形式；read一般现在时；is reading现在进行时；has read现在完成时；从文字的表层意思推断空格指他已经读了2500本书，用现在完成时；故选D。 5. Chinese tea culture ________ to many countries around the world since the 17th century. A．spreads B．spread C．has spread D．will spread 【答案】C 【详解】句意：自17世纪以来，中国茶文化已经传播到世界上许多国家。 考查动词时态辨析。根据“since the 17th century”可知，这里需要用现在完成时，has spread符合语境，说明从过去持续到现在的传播状态。故选C。 6. Not only the kids but also the teacher ________. We are worried because time is running out. A．has lost B．has gone missing C．have lost their way D．have disappeared 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：不但孩子们而且老师也走丢了。我们很担心因为时间快用光了。not only...but also...引导的两个名词作主语后面的谓语动词的单复数采取就近一致的原则，故排除C和D，lost缺少宾语；故选B。 考点：考查主谓一致。 7. —I see you’re doing great in your studies lately! —Thanks. Our school ________ new online tools. They make learning more fun and interactive. A．will introduce B．has introduced C．introduces D．introduced 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我看你最近学习很好！——谢谢。我们学校引入了新的在线工具。它们使学习更加有趣和互动。 考查时态。根据“I see you’re doing great in your studies lately!”可知，学校引入新工具的动作已经完成，即工具已投入使用，且对现在造成了影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 8. —My father and I ________ a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years. —Those photos must be your valuable memories. A．will take B．have taken C．took D．were taking 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在过去的十年里，我和父亲在同一个地方拍了很多照片。——那些照片一定是你宝贵的回忆。 考查时态。根据“in the past ten years”可知，此处用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选B。 9．The students are sorry to hear that the famous writer ________ for ten minutes. A．has left B．has gone C．has gone away D．has been away 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：学生听到那个有名的作家已经离开十分钟很难过。for+一段时间，用现在完成时，谓语动词用持续性动词。left, gone都是短暂性的。因此，选D。 考点：考查现在完成时的用法。 10．— Could I use your new bicycle? — Sorry, I _______ it to Alice. She _______ until tomorrow morning. A．have lent; will borrow B．have lent; won’t return C．have borrowed; won’t return D．have borrowed; will lend 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的新自行车吗？——抱歉，我已经把它借给Alice了。直到明天早上她才能归还。 考查动词时态以及动词辨析。根据“Sorry”可知，说话人已经将新自行车借给Alice，故第一个空需用现在完成时，结构为：have/has +done。主语为I，助动词需用have，lend sth. to sb.表示“把某物借给某人”，表借出。故第一个空填have lent；再根据“tomorrow morning”可知，本句时态为一般将来时，其结构为：will +动词原形。not...until表示“直到……才”，will not可缩写为won’t，故第二个空填won’t return。故选B。 11．Millie ________ her homework just now. But I ______ mine. I shouldn’t watch TV first. A．has finished; haven’t finished B．finished; don’t finish C．finished; haven’t finished D．has finished; didn’t finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：米莉刚才做完了作业。但我还没做完我的作业。我不应该先看电视。 考查时态辨析。根据“just now”可知第一句话用一般过去时，谓语用动词的过去式finished；再由“I shouldn’t watch TV first.”可知过去发生的事情对现在造成了影响，第二句话用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。 12．—Who will go to the airport to meet Mary? —I will. I ________ her several times. I can find her easily. A．met B．have met C．had met D．will meet 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——谁将去机场接Mary？——我会去。我已经接过她好几次了。我能很容易的找到她。 考查现在完成时。met 过去式；have met现在完成时；had met 过去完成时；will meet一般将来时。根据句意可知，我已经接过Mary好几次了，故应该用现在完成时态，故选B。 13．Dick, it's the _______ time in three days that you _______ the same mistake. A．second; have made B．second, make C．two; have made D．two, will make 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Dick，这已经是你三天之内第二次犯同样的错误了。序数词前面要用定冠词the，错误已经酿成，因此要用现在完成时。故选A。 14．—Why are you still here? It’s almost eight o’clock. —Because I ________ my work. Don’t worry. There’s only a little left. A．won’t finish B．didn’t finish C．haven’t finished D．is finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么仍然在这里？差不多八点钟了。——因为我还没有完成我的工作。不要担心。只剩下一点点了。 考查时态现在完成时。根据语义可知，此处“未完成工作”这一动作对现在产生影响，用现在完成时，结构为have/has+过去分词，主语为I，助动词用have。故选C。 15．My father ______ my mother when they were both 26 years old, and they have ______ for 15 years. A．married to; been married B．married with; been married C．was married; been married D．married; been married 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：句意：-我的父母是26岁时结的婚，到现在他们已经结婚15年了。前面是过去式，动词用过去式形式，marry及物动词，后跟嫁或者娶的对象；后半句表示从结婚到现在15年了，是现在完成时态，且动词用延续性的，marry的延续性状态为be married to。故选D。 考点：考查时态和动词的用法。 二、完成句子 16．当地政府已经下定决心尽快改善人们的生活。 The local government has to as soon as possible. 【答案】 decided/made up its mind/made a decision improve people’s lives 【详解】表示“下决心做某事”应用decide to do sth.或者make up one’s mind to do sth.或者make a decision to do sth.，空前有助动词has，此处应用现在完成时态，故第一空填decided/made up its mind/made a decision。表示“改善人们的生活”应用improve people’s lives，people是复数名词，所以life也用复数形式，空前有不定式to，此处动词improve用原形，故第二空填improve people’s lives。故填decided/made up its mind/made a decision；improve people’s lives。 17．我认为你还没有意识到健康有多么重要。 I think you have health is. 【答案】 don’t realized how important 【详解】根据“我认为你还没有”可知，此处是I don’t think。意识：realize，此处用其过去分词构成现在完成时。健康有多么重要：how important health is，此处是感叹句，其构成为How+形容词+主谓。故填don’t；realized；how；important。 18．She has already finished her homework.(改为否定句) She finished her homework . 【答案】 hasn’t yet 【详解】句意：她已经完成了她的家庭作业。本题要求改为否定句，原句使用了现在完成时态，否定形式在has后直接加not，缩写为hasn’t；already用于肯定句，否定句中用yet，常置于句末。故填hasn’t; yet。 19．There have been great changes in Nanjing. (改为同义句) Great changes have in Nanjing. 【答案】 taken place 【详解】句意：南京发生了巨大的变化。根据原句可知，南京发生了巨大变化，发生：take place，结合“have”，动词用过去分词形式，故填taken；place。 20．自从彼得两年前出国以后，我们彼此没见过。 We haven’t each other since Peter went two years ago. 【答案】 seen abroad 【详解】see“见到”，此处应用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时；go abroad“出国”，是固定搭配。故填seen；abroad。 21．莫言的作品赢得了公众的高度赞扬。 The works of Mo Yan have from the public. 【答案】won high praise 【详解】根据中英文对照，空格处缺“赢得了……的高度赞扬”。win high praise意为“赢得高度赞扬”；根据“have”可知，时态为现在完成时，win用过去分词形式的won。故填won high praise。 22．由于双减政策的推行，学生们的生活方式已经发生了巨大的变化。 The students’ lifestyle because of the double-reduction policy. 【答案】has changed a lot 【详解】根据“已经发生了”可判断句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+done”，因句子主语为“The students’ lifestyle”故用has done结构，结合句意可知，空处应填has changed a lot。故填has changed a lot。 23．我的哥哥很自豪他加入海军多年了。 My brother is proud that he ______________________________________ for many years. 【答案】has been in the navy/has been a member of the navy 【详解】分析句子结构可知该句是一个含有由that引导的宾语从句。主句部分是My brother is proud，句子是一般现在时。从句中的“for many years”说明从句的谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示“加入海军已经多年了”，主语是he，第三人称单数，因此其谓语动词结构为has done。“加入海军”可用动词短语be in the navy或be a member of the navy。故填has been in the navy / has been a member of the navy。 24．女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。 Women football players were . 【答案】very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress 【详解】be very strict with oneself“对某人自己要求非常严格”，so所以，they她们，make great progress取得了很大的进步。根据句意可知，后半句时态是现在完成时，故填very strict with themselves, so they have made great progress。 25．你曾经梦想没有一个护照而环游世界吗？ Have you ever of travelling around the world without a ? 【答案】 dreamed passport 【详解】dream“梦想”，此处是动词，根据Have可知句子是现在完成时，动词用过去分词；passport“护照”，可数名词，被a修饰，应用单数，故填dreamed；passport。 26．大片的空地变成了夜市，让我们去看看吧! Large open have night markets. Let’s go and have a look! 【答案】 spaces turned into 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“空地”和“变成”。space“空地”，可数名词，结合have可知，此处应用复数形式spaces；turn into“变成”，动词短语，结合句意及助动词have可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have＋过去分词，turn的过去分词为turned。故填spaces；turned；into。 27．我已经习惯于出门就戴口罩去进行核酸检测。 I             masks when going out to take the nucleic acid test. 【答案】 have been used to wearing 【详解】根据中文提示可知，此句时态是现在完成时，主语是I，用have done结构；习惯于做某事：be used to doing sth；戴：wear，动名词作宾语；故填have；been；used；to；wearing。 28．在过去的10年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 There in my hometown . 【答案】 have been great changes in the past ten years 【详解】great changes“巨大的变化”，in the past ten years“在过去的十年里”，这是现在完成时的标志词，根据There可知，要用there be句型的现在完成时，主语changes是复数，助动词用have，故填have been great changes；in the past ten years。 29．你曾经梦想过居住在那个众多岛屿组成的国家吗？ Have you ever living in that country many islands? 【答案】 dreamt of/dreamt about/dreamed of/dreamed about made up of 【详解】“梦想做某事”dream of/about doing sth，have后跟动词的过去分词构成现在完成时结构，dream的过去分词是dreamt/dreamed；“组成”make up of，第二空作定语修饰名词country，且与主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填dreamt/dreamed of/about；made up of。 30．They left Changsha an hour ago.(同义句转换） They have Changsha for an hour. 【答案】been away from 【详解】句意：他们一个小时之前离开了长沙。这句话中的时间状语是for an hour“一个小时”，表示一段时间；leave是瞬间性动词，不能和一段时间搭配，所以这里用be away from这个短语，原来的现在完成时态不变，故填have been away from。 三、语法填空 Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Weight management has become a hot topic during this year’s Two Sessions (两会). With the increasing speed of life, many people have 1 (health) diets and lifestyles, which leads to the rise of obesity rates (肥胖率). According to recent news, the problem among teenagers is also 2 (worry). Obesity not only affects looks 3 also seriously harms health. It can lead to health problems like heart disease. 4 (solve) this, the “Weight Management Year” program aims to help people control their weight better. So far, many cities and scenic areas 5 (take) part in it. In Yangzhou, the city organized 6 weight-loss competition last year. Meanwhile, Wunu Mountain Scenic Area in Benxi offered BMI-based ticket discounts. Tourists with a BMI above 28 could enter 7 free. These initiatives (倡议) encourage people to manage 8 (they) weight. Community centers also give personal weight-loss plans according to body conditions. Through these efforts, more people are taking notice of the 9 (important) of weight management. They start to pay attention to balanced diets and take exercise 10 (active). Let’s hope that everyone can embrace a healthy lifestyle, keep a proper weight and enjoy a happy life. 【答案】 1. unhealthy 2. worrying 3. but 4. To solve 5. have taken 6. a 7. for 8. their 9. importance 10. actively 【导语】本文介绍了“体重管理年”计划应对肥胖问题，特别是青少年肥胖的现状和危害，以及各地通过举办活动和优惠政策鼓励人们关注健康、管理体重。 1. 句意：随着生活节奏的加快，许多人有不健康的饮食和生活方式，这导致了肥胖率的上升。空格处作定语修饰名词“diets and lifestyles”，需用形容词形式；结合“which leads to the rise of obesity rates (肥胖率).”可知不健康的生活方式导致了肥胖，health的否定形式为unhealthy，表示“不健康的”。故填unhealthy。 2. 句意：据近期新闻报道，这个青少年中的问题也令人担忧。空格处作表语，描述事物的特征，表示“令人担忧的”，需用现在分词形式worrying，形容词worrying表示“令人担忧的”。故填worrying。 3. 句意：肥胖不仅影响外貌，而且严重危害健康。“not only... but also...”为固定搭配，表示“不仅……而且……”，故填but。 4. 句意：为了解决这个问题，“体重管理年”项目旨在帮助人们更好地控制体重。空格处表示目的，动词solve应用不定式形式to solve作目的状语，放在句首，句首字母要大写。故填To solve。 5. 句意：到目前为止，许多城市和景区已经参与了该项目。根据时间状语“so far”（到目前为止）可知，句子应用现在完成时；take part in的过去分词为taken，助动词为have/has。主语为复数“many cities and scenic areas”，故用“have taken”。故填have taken。 6. 句意：在扬州，去年这座城市组织了一场减肥比赛。根据句中“organized ... weight-loss competition”可知，此处表示泛指“一场比赛”，根据“weight-loss”发音以辅音音素开头，且表示可数名词的单数形式，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 7. 句意：体重指数超过28的游客可以免费入场。根据短语“enter...free”可知，表示“免费”，常用介词短语“for free”。故填for。 8. 句意：这些倡议鼓励人们管理自己的体重。空格后为名词“weight”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰；they的形容词性物主代词是their，表示“他们的”。故填their。 9. 句意：通过这些努力，越来越多的人开始关注体重管理的重要性。空格处作介词短语“of the…”的宾语，应使用名词；important为形容词，其对应的名词形式是importance。故填importance。 10. 句意：他们开始注意均衡饮食，并积极锻炼。空格处修饰动词短语“take exercise”，需用副词作状语；active为形容词，其副词形式是actively，表示“积极地”。故填actively。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 Last year, the government required schools to develop 1 (student) labour (劳动) skills. All the schools are trying 2 (they) best to achieve the goal now. Students attend at 3 (little) one such class every week. The government said the move’s purpose is 4 (get) students involved (参与的) in labour. The ministry made 5 list of ten different groups of activities last year. The lessons are designed according to students’ ages. For example, primary school students 6 (teach) basic skills, such as how to peel (给……剥皮) vegetables and how to use a knife. 7 they enter middle schools, they will learn how to 8 (proper) prepare dishes. A primary school in Chengdu 9 (offer) such courses to its students for a year. “These classes are really good,” said Chen Xiaomei, whose child studies at that school. “My child has learned how to do some housework this term. I think practical skills are necessary 10 every child.” 【答案】 1. students’ 2. their 3. least 4. to get 5. a 6. are taught 7. After/When 8. properly 9. has offered 10. for 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述政府要求学校开展劳动教育课程，培养学生劳动技能的情况。 1. 句意：去年，政府要求学校培养学生的劳动技能。此处应用所给词的复数形式，表示泛指，根据“labour (劳动) skills”可知，此处表示所属关系，用’s所有格形式。故填students’。 2. 句意：现在所有学校都在尽最大努力实现这一目标。try one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”，是固定搭配，用their。故填their。 3. 句意：学生每周至少参加一次这样的课程。at least“至少”，是固定搭配。故填least。 4. 句意：政府表示，此举的目的是让学生参与劳动。设空处作表语，用不定式结构。故填to get。 5. 句意：去年，该部门列出了十组不同的活动。此处表示泛指，list是辅音音素开头的单词，用a。故填a。 6. 句意：例如，小学生被教授基本技能，比如如何剥蔬菜和使用刀具。主语“primary school students”与动词“teach”之间是被动关系，且为一般现在时，用are taught。故填are taught。 7. 句意：当他们进入中学后/时，他们将学习如何正确地准备菜肴。根据“… they enter middle schools, they will learn how to … prepare dishes.”的语境可知，此处指当他们进入中学后/时，他们将学习如何正确地准备菜肴，after“在……之后”/when“当……时候”，句首首字母大写。故填After/When。 8. 句意：当他们进入中学后/时，他们将学习如何正确地准备菜肴。设空处修饰动词“prepare”，需用副词形式properly。故填properly。 9. 句意：成都的一所小学已经为学生提供此类课程一年了。根据“for a year”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“A primary school”，用has offered。故填has offered。 10. 句意：我认为实用技能对每个孩子来说都是必要的。necessary for…“对……是必要的”，是固定搭配。故填for。 Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition (全球认可) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind. Tea was 1 (one) discovered in China. According to legend, Emperor Shennong found tea by accident when leaves fell into his hot water. Since then, tea 2 (become) an important part of daily life. In China, people of all ages, especially the elderly, enjoy drinking tea. Many families are used to 3 (gather) to chat over a cup of tea. Brewing (冲泡) tea is an art. Usually it 4 (produce) by traditional methods. To start with, pour hot water into the teapot to warm it up. Then add tea leaves and pour hot water again. After a few minutes, the tea is ready to serve. This process requires patience and carefulness. It is important for young people 5 (learn) about tea culture because it helps them understand their Chinese traditions. Drinking tea also makes a 6 (different) in people’s lives. It helps us relax after a busy day and improves 7 (communicate) between friends and family. Meanwhile, it is a traditional Chinese custom that a host usually welcomes visiting 8 (guest) with boiled tea. A poem by Song poet Du Lei reads: I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night. When water boils on the stove, fire burns with flame bright. China has been 9 (success) in sharing its tea culture around the world. Today, Chinese tea is loved by many people in different countries. Whether it’s green tea, black tea, or oolong tea, each type has 10 (it) own unique flavor and story. Thanks to tea, China has built a bridge of friendship through this ancient tradition. 【答案】 1. first 2. has become 3. gathering 4. is produced 5. to learn 6. difference 7. communication 8. guests 9. successful 10. its 【导语】本文主要介绍了茶的起源以及茶文化对人们的影响。 1. 句意：茶最初是在中国发现的。根据“Tea was...discovered in China.”可知，茶最初是在中国发现的，基数词one变为序数词“first”，表示“最初”，符合语境。故填first。 2. 句意：从那时起，茶已经成为日常生活的重要组成部分。根据“Since then”可知，从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，谓语结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语tea为不可数名词，用has，become的过去分词为become。故填has become。 3. 句意：许多家庭习惯于聚在一起喝茶聊天。be used to doing“习惯于做某事”，gather的动名词为gathering。故填gathering。 4. 句意：通常它是由传统方法制作的。主语it和动词“produce”之间为被动关系，再根据“Usually”可知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语为it，be动词用is，produce的过去分词为produced。故填is produced。 5. 句意：对年轻人来说，了解茶文化很重要，因为这有助于他们了解中国的传统。根据“It is important for young people...”可知，此处为“it’s adj for sb to do”句型，it为形式主语，to do作真正的主语。故填to learn。 6. 句意：喝茶对人们的生活也有影响。空前有动词make，different变为名词difference，作宾语，make a difference“产生影响”，符合语境。故填difference。 7. 句意：它帮助我们在忙碌的一天后放松，并改善朋友和家人之间的沟通。空前有动词improves，communicate应变为名词“communication”，作宾语，符合语境。故填communication。 8. 句意：同时，主人通常用煮好的茶欢迎来访的客人是中国的传统习俗。guest“客人”，可数名词，空前无限定词，guest用复数形式guests，作宾语。故填guests。 9. 句意：中国在向世界分享茶文化方面取得了成功。根据been可知，此处缺形容词作表语，success的形容词为“successful”，意为“成功的”，be successful in doing表示“成功做某事”。故填successful。 10. 句意：无论是绿茶、红茶还是乌龙茶，每一种茶都有它自己独特的味道和故事。根据“...own unique flavor and story”可知，it变为形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”，its own表示“它自己的”，修饰后面的名词“flavor and story”。故填its。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DeepSeek AI—The Smart Helper DeepSeek AI is a very powerful artificial intelligence tool (人工智能工具) created by a Chinese company 1 (call) DeepSeek. It 2 (be) available to the public since December 2023. Many people find it even more useful 3 some older AI models for answering questions and 4 (solve) problems. The AI is trained on a huge amount of text and coded (编码) by 5 (it) developers. This training helps it understand language very well. For example, if you ask it 6 question about history, science and other fields, it can often give you clear 7 (answer). DeepSeek’s aim is to make a helpful and safe assistant 8 everyone. It is considered as an 9 (importance) development in the field of AI. More knowledge can 10 (provide) for students to learn a lot about the world. 【答案】 1. called 2. has been 3. than 4. solving 5. its 6. a 7. answers 8. for 9. important 10. be provided 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能工具DeepSeek AI，包括其创建公司、推出时间、功能、训练情况及目标等相关内容。 1. 句意：DeepSeek AI是由一家名为DeepSeek的中国公司创建的非常强大的人工智能工具。company和call是被动关系，用过去分词called作后置定语，故填called。 2. 句意：自2023年12月以来，它已向公众开放。根据“since December 2023”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语It是单数，助动词用has，be的过去分词是been，故填has been。 3. 句意：许多人发现它比一些旧的人工智能模型在回答问题和解决问题方面更有用。根据“more useful”可知，是比较级，应用than连接比较对象，故填than。 4. 句意：许多人发现它比一些旧的人工智能模型在回答问题和解决问题方面更有用。and连接并列成分，与answering并列，solve应用动名词solving，故填solving。 5. 句意：该人工智能在大量文本上进行训练，并由其开发者进行编码。修饰名词developers应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 6. 句意：例如，如果你问它一个关于历史、科学和其他领域的问题，它通常可以给你清晰的答案。question是可数名词单数，表泛指，且发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 7. 句意：例如，如果你问它一个关于历史、科学和其他领域的问题，它通常可以给你清晰的答案。answer是可数名词，这里不止一个答案，应用复数answers，故填answers。 8. 句意：DeepSeek的目标是为每个人打造一个有帮助且安全的助手。“for + 人”表示 “为了……”，符合语境，故填for。 9. 句意：它被认为是人工智能领域的一项重要发展。修饰名词development应用形容词important，意为“重要的”，故填important。 10. 句意：可以为学生提供更多知识，让他们更多地了解世界。knowledge和provide是被动关系，情态动词can后用be provided，故填be provided。 Passage 5 Hi Millie, How are you? We 1 (not see) each other since last week. My parents and I have been 2 Hong Kong for two days. Today we spent the whole day at Disneyland. We got to the park 3 underground. First, we had fun on Space Mountain—an indoor roller coaster in the dark. Next, we 4 (hurry) to a restaurant 5 (have) a quick meal. On the way, we met some Disney cartoon 6 (character), such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse. Everybody got 7 (excite) when a parade of Disney characters began later in the afternoon. I ran after 8 (they) and couldn’t stop 9 (take) photos. Then, we watched a 4D film, did some shopping and watched the fireworks. I know you’ve 10 (go) to Hainan. Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself there! 【答案】 1. haven’t seen 2. in 3. by 4. hurried 5. to have 6. characters 7. excited 8. them 9. taking 10. gone 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和父母在香港迪士尼乐园游玩的经历，以及对去了海南的米莉的问候。 1. 句意：自从上周以来我们就没见过彼此了。根据“since last week”可知，句子用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“We”是复数，助动词用have，否定形式为haven’t，see的过去分词是seen，故填haven’t seen。 2. 句意：我和我的父母已经在香港待了两天了。“in + 地点”表示“在……（大地点）”，Hong Kong是大地点，故填in。 3. 句意：我们乘地铁到达公园。“by + 交通工具”表示“乘坐……交通工具”，“by underground”意为“乘地铁”，故填by。 4. 句意：接下来，我们匆忙去了一家餐厅快速吃了顿饭。文章整体是一般过去时，此处用hurry的过去式hurried，故填hurried。 5. 句意：接下来，我们匆忙去了一家餐厅快速吃了顿饭。此处用动词不定式“to have”作目的状语，故填to have。 6. 句意：在路上，我们遇到了一些迪士尼卡通人物，比如白雪公主和米老鼠。“some”后接可数名词复数，character的复数是characters，故填characters。 7. 句意：下午晚些时候，当迪士尼人物游行开始时，每个人都变得很兴奋。“get + 形容词”表示“变得……”，修饰人用excited，故填excited。 8. 句意：我追着他们，不停地拍照。此处作介词“after”的宾语，用they的宾格them，故填them。 9. 句意：我追着他们，不停地拍照。“couldn’t stop doing sth.”意为“忍不住做某事；不停地做某事”，故填taking。 10. 句意：我知道你已经去海南了。““have gone to”表示“去了（未回来）”，故填gone。 Passage 6 阅读材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huai’an is a modern city now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years including living conditions, transport, environment and people’s lives. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is an airport in the 3 (north) part of the city. Many people are used to travelling 4 business by plane. Moreover, the government has built many beautiful parks. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less pollution in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Lu Ming, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is far 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Huai’an believe that if they work together, they can surely make Huai’an a better place. 【答案】 1. have taken 2. live 3. northern 4. on 5. themselves 6. dropped 7. factories 8. carelessly 9. to help 10. more meaningful 【导语】本文讲述了淮安的一些重大变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们的生活。 1. 句意：这些年来发生了巨大的变化，包括居住条件、交通、环境和人们的生活。根据“over the past few years”以及所给单词可知，时态为现在完成时。主语changes是复数，助动词用have，take的过去分词形式为taken。故填have taken。 2. 句意：当地的人们以前住在老房子里。used to do sth“过去常常做某事”。故填live。 3. 句意：现在，他们中的大多数人已经搬进了新公寓，城市北部有一个机场。根据“in the...part of the city”以及所给单词可知，应填north的形容词形式northern，作定语，修饰后面的名词part。故填northern。 4. 句意：很多人习惯乘飞机出差。travel on business“出差、商务旅行”。故填on。 5. 句意：在一天的辛苦工作之后，人们经常去那里放松自己。根据“People often go there to relax...after a hard day’s work.”以及所给单词可知，应填they的反身代词形式themselves，作宾语。relax oneself“放松自己”。故填themselves。 6. 句意：在过去，人们到处乱扔垃圾。根据“In the past”以及所给单词可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式形式dropped。故填dropped。 7. 句意：来自工厂的废物被排入河流里。factory“工厂”，用复数形式factories，表示不止一家工厂。故填factories。 8. 句意：如果人们在公共场合乱扔垃圾，他们将受到惩罚。根据“drop litter...”以及所给单词可知，应填副词carelessly“粗心地、不用心地”，作状语，修饰动词drop。故填carelessly。 9. 句意：他和他的同学经常讨论如何帮助有需要的人。根据“discuss how...people in need”以及所给单词可知，此处为“疑问词+动词不定式”句型。故填to help。 10. 句意：他认为现在他的生活有意义得多。根据“his life is far...now”以及所给单词可知，应填mean的形容词meaningful的比较级形式more meaningful，表示现在他的生活有意义得多。far常用在比较级前，表示“过于……、……得多”。故填more meaningful。 19 / 19乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 1 Past and present（新教材译林版） （现在完成时（1）） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 表格全面梳理现在完成时的核心知识点，涵盖概念、用法、句式、时间状语及过去分词变化，搭配典型例句与应用场景，助力系统掌握语法规则。 语法模块 核心要点 具体内容 典型例句 核心 概念 两大核心含义 1. 过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成的影响 / 结果 2. 过去开始并持续到现在（可能继续）的动作 / 状态 1. I have already read the book.（我已经读过这本书了，现在了解书中内容。） 2. She has taught in the school for ten years.（她在这所学校教书十年了，现在仍在教。） 核心 用法 用法 1（影响 / 结果） 常与 already（肯定句）、just（刚刚）、yet（疑问 / 否定句）、ever（曾经）、never（从未）、before（之前）搭配 ① Mother has just cleaned the house.（妈妈刚刚打扫完房子，现在房子很干净。） ② Have you ever met each other before?（你们以前见过面吗？） ③ He has never been to Beijing.（他从没去过北京。） 用法 2（持续动作 / 状态） 常与 for + 时间段、since + 时间点 / 一般过去时从句、recently（最近）、so far（到目前为止）、in the past few years（过去几年）搭配，谓语动词多为延续性动词 ① We have lived here since 2000.（我们从 2000 年起就住在这里。） ② Great changes have taken place in Handan in the past few years.（过去几年里邯郸发生了巨大变化。） ③ He has learnt many English words these days.（这些天他学了很多英语单词。） 句子构成 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 过去分词（I/we/you/they 用 have；he/she/it 用 has） I have finished the task.（我已经完成了任务。） She has helped me a lot.（她帮了我很多。） 否定句 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词 She hasn’t finished her work yet.（她还没完成工作。） We haven’t seen him recently.（我们最近没见过他。） 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？（肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has；否定回答：No, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t） —Has Lucy finished the task? —Yes, she has./No, she hasn’t.（— 露西完成任务了吗？— 是的，她完成了。/ 不，她没完成。） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词？ What has he done?（他做了什么？） How long have you lived here?（你在这里住了多久了？） 常用时间状语 分类汇总 1. 表 “已 / 未 / 曾”：already、yet、ever、never、before、many times 2. 表 “近期 / 至今”：recently、so far、till now、up to now 3. 表 “持续”：for + 时间段（如 for 3 years）、since + 过去时间点（如 since 2020）/ 一般过去时从句（如 since I came here） 4. 表 “过去几年”：in/over/during the last/past...years ① So far, we have learned 2000 words.（到目前为止，我们已经学了 2000 个单词。） ② He has worked here for five years.（他在这里工作五年了。） ③ In the past three years, they have traveled a lot.（过去三年里，他们旅行了很多地方。） 过去分词变化 规则变化 1. 直接加 - ed：start→started、finish→finished 2. 不发音 e 结尾加 - d：create→created、like→liked 3. 辅音 + y 结尾变 i 加 - ed：reply→replied、try→tried 4. 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed：stop→stopped、plan→planned ① They have started the project.（他们已经启动了项目。） ② She has replied to the email.（她已经回复了邮件。） 不规则变化（与过去式相同） 1. 与原形相同：hit→hit、hurt→hurt 2. 加 t/d：learn→learnt、hear→heard 3. 元音变化：get→got、sit→sat 4. 辅音变化：make→made、spill→spilt 5. 元辅音均变化：feel→felt、smell→smelt ① He has hit the target.（他击中了目标。） ② I have learnt a lot from the book.（我从这本书中学到了很多。） ③ She has made great progress.（她取得了很大进步。） 不规则变化（与过去式不同） 1. 与原形相同：come→came→come、run→ran→run 2. 元音变化：ring→rang→rung、sing→sang→sung 3. 加 en：eat→ate→eaten、fall→fell→fallen 4. 加 n：see→saw→seen、give→gave→given 5. 过去式加 n：steal→stole→stolen、break→broke→broken 6. 词形差异大：do→did→done、go→went→gone ① They have come to the party.（他们已经来参加派对了。） ② I have eaten breakfast.（我已经吃过早饭了。） ③ She has seen the movie twice.（这部电影她已经看了两次了。） 使用注意事项 1. 主谓一致：have 搭配第一、二人称及复数主语，has 搭配第三人称单数主语，不可混淆。 2. 时间状语搭配禁忌：表示 “过去具体时间”（如 yesterday、last week）不能与现在完成时连用，需用一般过去时。 3. since 从句时态：since 引导的从句必须用一般现在时，主句用现在完成时（如 “I have lived here since I came to this city”）。 4. 不规则动词记忆：重点记忆高频不规则动词的过去分词（如 do→done、go→gone、eat→eaten），避免拼写错误。 5. 与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时强调 “过去对现在的影响 / 持续到现在”，一般过去时仅强调 “过去发生的动作”，需根据语境选择。 一、单项选择 1. As we all know, great changes _______ in China in the past thirty years. A．took place B．have taken place C．happened D．have happened 2. —Would you like a piece of beef, Alice? —No, Thank you. I ________ two pancakes. I’m full up. A．have B．have had C．will have D．am having 3. – _________ you ________ your lost football? _Yes, I have. I _________ it an hour ago. A．have found; found B．Did find; found C．have found; have found D．Did find; have found 4. I think my father knows everything. He is my hero, he________ over 2500 books. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．has read 5. Chinese tea culture ________ to many countries around the world since the 17th century. A．spreads B．spread C．has spread D．will spread 6. Not only the kids but also the teacher ________. We are worried because time is running out. A．has lost B．has gone missing C．have lost their way D．have disappeared 7. —I see you’re doing great in your studies lately! —Thanks. Our school ________ new online tools. They make learning more fun and interactive. A．will introduce B．has introduced C．introduces D．introduced 8. —My father and I ________ a lot of photos at the same place in the past ten years. —Those photos must be your valuable memories. A．will take B．have taken C．took D．were taking 9．The students are sorry to hear that the famous writer ________ for ten minutes. A．has left B．has gone C．has gone away D．has been away 10．— Could I use your new bicycle? — Sorry, I _______ it to Alice. She _______ until tomorrow morning. A．have lent; will borrow B．have lent; won’t return C．have borrowed; won’t return D．have borrowed; will lend 11．Millie ________ her homework just now. But I ______ mine. I shouldn’t watch TV first. A．has finished; haven’t finished B．finished; don’t finish C．finished; haven’t finished D．has finished; didn’t finish 12．—Who will go to the airport to meet Mary? —I will. I ________ her several times. I can find her easily. A．met B．have met C．had met D．will meet 13．Dick, it's the _______ time in three days that you _______ the same mistake. A．second; have made B．second, make C．two; have made D．two, will make 14．—Why are you still here? It’s almost eight o’clock. —Because I ________ my work. Don’t worry. There’s only a little left. A．won’t finish B．didn’t finish C．haven’t finished D．is finishing 15．My father ______ my mother when they were both 26 years old, and they have ______ for 15 years. A．married to; been married B．married with; been married C．was married; been married D．married; been married 二、完成句子 16．当地政府已经下定决心尽快改善人们的生活。 The local government has to as soon as possible. 17．我认为你还没有意识到健康有多么重要。 I think you have health is. 18．She has already finished her homework.(改为否定句) She finished her homework . 19．There have been great changes in Nanjing. (改为同义句) Great changes have in Nanjing. 20．自从彼得两年前出国以后，我们彼此没见过。 We haven’t each other since Peter went two years ago. 21．莫言的作品赢得了公众的高度赞扬。 The works of Mo Yan have from the public. 22．由于双减政策的推行，学生们的生活方式已经发生了巨大的变化。 The students’ lifestyle because of the double-reduction policy. 23．我的哥哥很自豪他加入海军多年了。 My brother is proud that he ______________________________________ for many years. 24．女足运动员们对自己要求非常严格，所以她们取得了很大的进步。 Women football players were . 25．你曾经梦想没有一个护照而环游世界吗？ Have you ever of travelling around the world without a ? 26．大片的空地变成了夜市，让我们去看看吧! Large open have night markets. Let’s go and have a look! 27．我已经习惯于出门就戴口罩去进行核酸检测。 I             masks when going out to take the nucleic acid test. 28．在过去的10年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 There in my hometown . 29．你曾经梦想过居住在那个众多岛屿组成的国家吗？ Have you ever living in that country many islands? 30．They left Changsha an hour ago.(同义句转换） They have Changsha for an hour. 三、语法填空 Passage 1 根据短文内容，在空白处填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Weight management has become a hot topic during this year’s Two Sessions (两会). With the increasing speed of life, many people have 1 (health) diets and lifestyles, which leads to the rise of obesity rates (肥胖率). According to recent news, the problem among teenagers is also 2 (worry). Obesity not only affects looks 3 also seriously harms health. It can lead to health problems like heart disease. 4 (solve) this, the “Weight Management Year” program aims to help people control their weight better. So far, many cities and scenic areas 5 (take) part in it. In Yangzhou, the city organized 6 weight-loss competition last year. Meanwhile, Wunu Mountain Scenic Area in Benxi offered BMI-based ticket discounts. Tourists with a BMI above 28 could enter 7 free. These initiatives (倡议) encourage people to manage 8 (they) weight. Community centers also give personal weight-loss plans according to body conditions. Through these efforts, more people are taking notice of the 9 (important) of weight management. They start to pay attention to balanced diets and take exercise 10 (active). Let’s hope that everyone can embrace a healthy lifestyle, keep a proper weight and enjoy a happy life. Passage 2 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 Last year, the government required schools to develop 1 (student) labour (劳动) skills. All the schools are trying 2 (they) best to achieve the goal now. Students attend at 3 (little) one such class every week. The government said the move’s purpose is 4 (get) students involved (参与的) in labour. The ministry made 5 list of ten different groups of activities last year. The lessons are designed according to students’ ages. For example, primary school students 6 (teach) basic skills, such as how to peel (给……剥皮) vegetables and how to use a knife. 7 they enter middle schools, they will learn how to 8 (proper) prepare dishes. A primary school in Chengdu 9 (offer) such courses to its students for a year. “These classes are really good,” said Chen Xiaomei, whose child studies at that school. “My child has learned how to do some housework this term. I think practical skills are necessary 10 every child.” Passage 3 请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Along with firewood, rice, oil, salt, sauce and vinegar, tea is considered one of the seven necessities for life in China. Now, it has also won global recognition (全球认可) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind. Tea was 1 (one) discovered in China. According to legend, Emperor Shennong found tea by accident when leaves fell into his hot water. Since then, tea 2 (become) an important part of daily life. In China, people of all ages, especially the elderly, enjoy drinking tea. Many families are used to 3 (gather) to chat over a cup of tea. Brewing (冲泡) tea is an art. Usually it 4 (produce) by traditional methods. To start with, pour hot water into the teapot to warm it up. Then add tea leaves and pour hot water again. After a few minutes, the tea is ready to serve. This process requires patience and carefulness. It is important for young people 5 (learn) about tea culture because it helps them understand their Chinese traditions. Drinking tea also makes a 6 (different) in people’s lives. It helps us relax after a busy day and improves 7 (communicate) between friends and family. Meanwhile, it is a traditional Chinese custom that a host usually welcomes visiting 8 (guest) with boiled tea. A poem by Song poet Du Lei reads: I offer tea, not wine, to a guest on a cold night. When water boils on the stove, fire burns with flame bright. China has been 9 (success) in sharing its tea culture around the world. Today, Chinese tea is loved by many people in different countries. Whether it’s green tea, black tea, or oolong tea, each type has 10 (it) own unique flavor and story. Thanks to tea, China has built a bridge of friendship through this ancient tradition. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 DeepSeek AI—The Smart Helper DeepSeek AI is a very powerful artificial intelligence tool (人工智能工具) created by a Chinese company 1 (call) DeepSeek. It 2 (be) available to the public since December 2023. Many people find it even more useful 3 some older AI models for answering questions and 4 (solve) problems. The AI is trained on a huge amount of text and coded (编码) by 5 (it) developers. This training helps it understand language very well. For example, if you ask it 6 question about history, science and other fields, it can often give you clear 7 (answer). DeepSeek’s aim is to make a helpful and safe assistant 8 everyone. It is considered as an 9 (importance) development in the field of AI. More knowledge can 10 (provide) for students to learn a lot about the world. Passage 5 Hi Millie, How are you? We 1 (not see) each other since last week. My parents and I have been 2 Hong Kong for two days. Today we spent the whole day at Disneyland. We got to the park 3 underground. First, we had fun on Space Mountain—an indoor roller coaster in the dark. Next, we 4 (hurry) to a restaurant 5 (have) a quick meal. On the way, we met some Disney cartoon 6 (character), such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse. Everybody got 7 (excite) when a parade of Disney characters began later in the afternoon. I ran after 8 (they) and couldn’t stop 9 (take) photos. Then, we watched a 4D film, did some shopping and watched the fireworks. I know you’ve 10 (go) to Hainan. Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself there! Passage 6 Huai’an is a modern city now. Great changes 1 (take) place over the past few years including living conditions, transport, environment and people’s lives. Local people used to 2 (live) in old houses. They could only travel by bus. Now most of them have moved into new flats and there is an airport in the 3 (north) part of the city. Many people are used to travelling 4 business by plane. Moreover, the government has built many beautiful parks. People often go there to relax 5 (they) after a hard day’s work. Another big change is the environment. In the past, people 6 (drop) litter everywhere. Waste from 7 (factory) was put into rivers. The rivers were filled with pollution. Now there are laws to limit and improve it. If people drop litter 8 (care) in public, they will be punished. As a result, there is less pollution in rivers now. People in the town are trying to be polite citizens. More people are willing to give a hand if someone is in need. Lu Ming, a middle school student, is also a volunteer at the community centre now. He and his classmates often discuss how 9 (help) people in need. He thinks his life is far 10 (mean) now. Many hands make light work. People in Huai’an believe that if they work together, they can surely make Huai’an a better place. 8 / 9乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $