内容正文:
外研英语七下Unit4 The art of having fun
重要知识点讲解
一、重点单词详解
1. imagine(v. 想象;设想)
词性特征:及物动词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不接不定式
核心搭配:imagine doing sth.(想象做某事)
例句:
① Imagine staying on an island alone.(想象一下独自待在一座岛上。)
② I can't imagine life without water or food.(我无法想象没有水和食物的生活。)
③ She often imagines living in a beautiful village.(她经常想象住在一个美丽的村庄里。)
2. might(modal v. 也许;可能;大概)
用法:表推测,语气比must弱、比can委婉,常用于肯定句;无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形
近义表达:may、could(可能)
例句:
① You might put food, water, tools and clothes on your list.(你可能会把食物、水、工具和衣服放在清单上。)
② Mary might be in the library, but I'm not sure.(玛丽可能在图书馆,但我不确定。)
③ It might rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.(今天下午可能会下雨,带上伞吧。)
3. alone(adj. 单独的;独自的;adv. 单独地;独自地)
用法:作形容词时,只作表语,不作定语;作副词时,修饰动词,强调“独自一人”,无感情色彩
易混提示:区别于lonely(adj. 孤独的;寂寞的)(有感情色彩)
例句:
① Imagine staying on an island alone.(想象一下独自待在一座岛上。)
② Never leave a child alone at home.(不要把孩子单独留在家里。)
③ She lives alone, but she never feels lonely.(她独自生活,但从不觉得孤独。)
4. tool(n. 工具;用具)
词性特征:可数名词,复数形式为tools
用法:常与具体动作搭配,侧重“实用的工具”
例句:
① You might put food, water, tools and clothes on your list.(你可能会把食物、水、工具和衣服放在清单上。)
② We need some tools to repair the bike.(我们需要一些工具来修理自行车。)
③ This tool is very useful for cutting paper.(这个工具用来剪纸很有用。)
5. invite(v. 邀请)
名词形式:invitation(n. 邀请;邀请函)
核心搭配:invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)
例句:
① Invite your friends to enjoy live music together.(邀请你的朋友一起欣赏现场音乐吧。)
② Nancy often invites me to go to the zoo on weekends.(南希经常邀请我周末一起去动物园。)
③ He invited his classmates to his birthday party.(他邀请了同学们参加他的生日派对。)
6. number(n. 数目;数量)
核心搭配:a number of(许多;大量)、the number of(……的数量)
易混提示:a number of 后接复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of 后接复数名词,谓语用单数
例句:
① A number of students like playing computer games.(许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏。)
② The number of visitors was three million last year.(去年游客的数量是三百万。)
③ We need a small number of workers to finish the work.(我们需要少量工人来完成这项工作。)
7. importance(n. 重要;重要性)
词性特征:不可数名词,无复数形式
同源词:important(adj. 重要的)
核心搭配:the importance of...(……的重要性)
例句:
① We all know the importance of having fun.(我们都知道玩乐的重要性。)
② My father often tells me the importance of eating healthy food.(我爸爸经常告诉我吃健康食物的重要性。)
③ She didn't realize the importance of learning English at first.(她一开始没有意识到学英语的重要性。)
8. dangerous(adj. 危险的)
名词形式:danger(n. 危险)
反义词:safe(adj. 安全的)
例句:
① It's not big or scary, but it's very dangerous.(它不大,也不可怕,但它很危险。)
② Don't run in the hallways! It's very dangerous.(不要在走廊里跑!太危险了。)
③ Tigers and lions are dangerous animals.(老虎和狮子是危险的动物。)
9. notice(v. 注意到;察觉到;n. 通知;布告)
核心搭配:notice sb. doing sth.(注意到某人正在做某事)
用法:作动词时,可直接接宾语;作名词时,常用短语 put up a notice(张贴通知)
例句:
① Have you ever noticed a monster around us?(你曾经注意到我们身边的一个怪兽吗?)
② I noticed the little girl playing with her doll.(我注意到那个小女孩正在玩她的玩偶。)
③ There is a notice on the door—no smoking here.(门上有一个通知——禁止吸烟。)
10. bored(adj. 感到无聊的;厌烦的)
用法:主语为人,侧重“人的感受”;区别于boring(adj. 无聊的)(主语为物,侧重“事物本身无趣”)
核心搭配:be bored with sth.(对某事感到厌烦)
例句:
① After all, no one wants to get bored!(毕竟,没有人想无聊!)
② She feels bored when she has nothing to do.(当她无事可做时,会感到无聊。)
③ The movie is boring, so many people feel bored.(这部电影很无聊,所以很多人感到厌烦。)
二、重点短语详解
1. imagine doing sth.(想象做某事)
用法:imagine 为及物动词,后接动名词作宾语,不能接不定式(不可说 imagine to do sth.)
例句:
① Imagine staying on an island alone.(想象一下独自待在一座岛上。)
② I often imagine living in the jungle.(我经常想象居住在丛林中。)
③ Can you imagine flying in the sky like a bird?(你能想象像鸟一样在天上飞吗?)
2. after all(毕竟;终究)
用法:用于句首或句末,强调“事实终究如此”,用来补充说明理由或纠正对方的看法
例句:
① After all, no one wants to get bored!(毕竟,没有人想无聊!)
② I won't say sorry. After all, it's not my mistake.(我不会道歉。毕竟,这不是我的错。)
③ Don't be angry with him. After all, he is just a child.(别生他的气,毕竟他只是个孩子。)
3. do away with(摆脱;废除;消除)
用法:后接名词或代词作宾语,可表示“废除规则、法律”,也可表示“消除不良情绪、习惯”
例句:
① Fun can do away with bad feelings and lift our spirits.(娱乐可以消除不良情绪,使我们精神振奋。)
② How can we do away with the old rule?(我们怎样才能废除这条旧规则?)
③ He tried to do away with his bad habit of staying up late.(他努力摆脱熬夜的坏习惯。)
4. lift one's spirits(使某人开心起来;使某人精神振奋)
同义短语:cheer sb. up(使某人振作起来)
用法:one's 需替换为形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their)
例句:
① Fun can do away with bad feelings and lift our spirits.(娱乐可以消除不良情绪,使我们精神振奋。)
② The warm sunshine can lift my spirits.(温暖的阳光可以使我开心起来。)
③ Let's do something to lift his spirits—he is too sad.(我们做点什么让他开心起来吧,他太难过了。)
5. not...at all(一点儿也不;根本不)
用法:用于否定句中,加强否定语气;单独使用“Not at all.”可回应感谢或道歉,意为“不用谢/没关系”
例句:
① Sitting under the trees will not be boring at all.(坐在树下一点儿也不无聊。)
② She doesn't like pop music at all.(她根本不喜欢流行音乐。)
③ —Thank you for your help! —Not at all.(—谢谢你的帮助!—不用谢。)
6. keep sb. doing sth.(让某人一直/持续做某事)
用法:keep 为使役动词,后接动词原形作宾语,再接动名词作宾语补足语,强调“动作持续进行”
拓展短语:keep (on) doing sth.(继续做某事)、keep quiet(保持安静)
例句:
① Fun also keeps us feeling youthful.(娱乐还能让我们一直感觉年轻。)
② I'm sorry I kept you waiting for me for such a long time.(对不起,让你等了我这么长时间。)
③ The teacher kept the students reading aloud for 10 minutes.(老师让学生们大声朗读了10分钟。)
7. connect with(与……建立良好关系;和……连接)
拓展搭配:connect...with...(把……和……联系/连接起来)
用法:后接名词或代词,可表示“人际联系”,也可表示“实物连接”
例句:
① Having fun is a good way to connect with others.(玩乐是与他人建立良好关系的一种好方法。)
② You should often connect with your friends when you are away.(你离开时,应该经常和你的朋友联系。)
③ Can you connect this wire with that socket?(你能把这根电线和那个插座连接起来吗?)
8. invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事)
用法:invite 后接宾语(sb.),再接不定式作宾语补足语,不可省略to
拓展:invite sb. to + 地点(邀请某人去某地)
例句:
① Invite your friends to enjoy live music together.(邀请你的朋友一起欣赏现场音乐吧。)
② Yesterday my friend Jack invited me to watch the latest movie.(昨天我的朋友杰克邀请我去看最新的电影。)
③ She invited me to her home for dinner this weekend.(她邀请我这周末去她家吃晚饭。)
9. be able to(能够;会;可以)
同义表达:can(能;会),但be able to 可用于所有时态,can 只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时
用法:后接动词原形,主语为人或物均可
例句:
① But we should be able to play hard, too.(但我们也应该会努力玩乐。)
② I am able to finish the work on time.(我可以按时完成这项工作。)
③ My uncle was able to ride a horse at the age of 8.(我叔叔八岁就会骑马了。)
10. used to(过去常常;以前经常)
用法:后接动词原形,表示“过去习惯性的动作或状态”,现在已改变
易混提示:区别于be used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)
例句:
① I used to ride my bike to school.(我过去经常骑自行车去上学。)
② My brother used to play tennis, but now he loves playing basketball.(我哥哥以前经常打网球,但现在他喜欢打篮球。)
③ She used to live in the countryside, but now she lives in the city.(她以前住在农村,但现在住在城市里。)
三、重点句型详解
1. Imagine staying on an island alone.(想象一下独自待在一座岛上。)
句型结构:Imagine + doing sth.(想象做某事)
用法:本句为祈使句,以动词原形Imagine开头;核心搭配 imagine doing sth.,alone 作状语,强调“独自”
例句:
① Imagine flying in the sky like a bird.(想象一下像鸟一样在天上飞。)
② Imagine living in a big house with a beautiful garden.(想象一下住在带有漂亮花园的大房子里。)
③ Imagine eating delicious food with your family.(想象一下和家人一起吃美味的食物。)
2. You might put food, water, tools and clothes on your list.(你可能会把食物、水、工具和衣服放在清单上。)
句型结构:主语 + might + 动词原形 + 宾语 + 状语
用法:might 表推测,意为“可能”,后接动词原形;on your list 作地点状语,put sth. on sth. 表示“把某物放在某物上”
例句:
① You might forget to take your umbrella.(你可能会忘记带伞。)
② He might be late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.(因为大雨,他可能会开会迟到。)
③ We might go hiking this weekend if the weather is fine.(如果天气好,我们这周末可能会去徒步。)
3. Sitting under the trees will not be boring at all.(坐在树下一点儿也不无聊。)
句型结构:动名词短语(主语) + will not be + 形容词 + 状语
用法:Sitting under the trees 是动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数;not...at all 加强否定语气,boring 描述事物的特征
例句:
① Reading books will not be boring at all.(读书一点儿也不无聊。)
② Playing football with friends will not be tiring at all.(和朋友踢足球一点儿也不累。)
③ Listening to music will not be boring at all.(听音乐一点儿也不无聊。)
4. We don't stop playing because we grow old; we grow old because we stop playing.(我们不是因为变老而停止玩乐,而是因为停止玩乐而变老。)
句型结构:主句 + because + 原因状语从句;主句 + because + 原因状语从句
用法:两个分句由分号连接,均为 because 引导的原因状语从句;注意 because 和 so 不能同时使用
例句:
① I don't dislike her because she is quiet; I dislike her because she is rude.(我不是因为她文静而不喜欢她,而是因为她粗鲁而不喜欢她。)
② He doesn't work hard because he is lazy; he works hard because he wants to succeed.(他不是因为懒惰而不努力,而是因为想成功而努力。)
③ We don't study because we have to; we study because we want to learn more.(我们不是因为必须而学习,而是因为想学到更多而学习。)
5. Don't forget to take some time out to have fun and enjoy life!(别忘了抽出一些时间玩乐,享受生活!)
句型结构:Don't + 动词原形 + to do sth. + and + do sth.(否定祈使句)
用法:本句为否定祈使句,以 Don't 开头,后接动词原形forget;核心搭配 forget to do sth.(忘记去做某事),take some time out 表示“抽出一些时间”
例句:
① Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.(离开房间时别忘了关灯。)
② Don't forget to call your parents after school.(放学后别忘了给父母打电话。)
③ Don't forget to bring your homework to school tomorrow.(明天别忘了把作业带到学校来。)
四、易错易混辨析
1. alone 与 lonely
单词
词性
含义与感情色彩
例句
alone
adj. / adv.
单独的/独自地;无感情色彩,只强调“独自一人”
① She lives alone.(她独自生活。)② He went to the park alone.(他独自去了公园。)
lonely
adj.
孤独的;寂寞的;有感情色彩,强调“内心的孤独感”
① She lives alone but never feels lonely.(她独自生活,但从不觉得孤独。)② He felt lonely when he moved to a new city.(他搬到新城市后感到很孤独。)
2. stop doing sth. 与 stop to do sth.
短语
含义
核心区别
例句
stop doing sth.
停下正在做的事情
停止当前正在进行的动作,不涉及另一件事
Let's stop working and have a rest.(让我们停止工作,休息一下。)
stop to do sth.
停下来去做另一件事
停止当前动作,目的是去做另一件新的事情
Let's stop to drink some water.(让我们停下来,喝些水。)
3. a number of 与 the number of
短语
含义
谓语动词形式
例句
a number of
许多;大量
复数(修饰复数名词,表“许多”,作主语时视为复数)
A number of students are playing on the playground.(许多学生正在操场上玩。)
the number of
……的数量
单数(强调“数量”本身,作主语时视为单数)
The number of students in our class is 45.(我们班的学生数量是45人。)
4. because 与 because of
单词/短语
词性
用法
例句
because
连词
引导原因状语从句,后接完整句子
She cried because she lost her bag.(玛丽哭了,因为她把包弄丢了。)
because of
短语介词
后接名词、代词或动名词,不接句子
The road is closed because of the snow.(这条路因为雪封闭了。)
5. used to do sth. 与 be used to doing sth.
短语
含义
用法
例句
used to do sth.
过去常常做某事
后接动词原形,表示过去的习惯,现在已改变
I used to ride my bike to school.(我过去经常骑自行车去上学。)
be used to doing sth.
习惯于做某事
be 动词随主语变化,to 是介词,后接动名词
I am used to living in the city now.(现在我习惯住在城市里了。)
6. bored 与 boring
单词
含义
修饰对象
例句
bored
感到无聊的;厌烦的
主语/修饰对象是人,侧重“人的感受”
She feels bored when she has nothing to do.(当她无事可做时,会感到无聊。)
boring
无聊的;令人厌烦的
主语/修饰对象是物,侧重“事物本身无趣”
The movie is boring, so many people leave early.(这部电影很无聊,所以很多人提前离场。)
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