内容正文:
外研英语七下Unit3 Food matters
重要知识点讲解
一、重点单词详解
1. medicine(n. 药;药物;医学)
词性特征:可作可数名词(具体某种药物)或不可数名词(泛指药物/医学)
核心搭配:take (some) medicine(吃药)
同源词:medical(adj. 医学的;医疗的)
例句:
① I had a bad cold, so the doctor told me to take some medicine three times a day.(我得了重感冒,医生让我一天吃三次药。)
② My cousin wants to study medicine and become a doctor.(我表哥想学医,成为一名医生。)
③ The old man needs medical help because of his serious illness.(这位老人因为重病需要医疗救助。)
2. similar(adj. 相似的;近似的;类似的)
核心搭配:be similar to(和……相似/近似/类似)
例句:
① My hobby is similar to my sister's—we both like cooking.(我的爱好和我姐姐的相似,我们都喜欢做饭。)
② These two kinds of noodles look similar but taste different.(这两种面条看起来相似,但味道不一样。)
③ Our learning methods are similar, so we often help each other.(我们的学习方法很相似,所以经常互相帮助。)
3. order(n. 顺序;次序;订单;指令;v. 点菜;命令)
核心搭配:
名词:in order(按顺序)、place an order(下订单)
动词:order sth.(点某物/订购某物)、order sb. to do sth.(命令某人做某事)
例句:
① Please put the books back in the right order after reading.(读完后请把书按正确顺序放回去。)
② Can I take your order now, sir?(先生,现在可以点菜了吗?)
③ She ordered a hamburger and a cup of milk for lunch.(她午餐点了一个汉堡和一杯牛奶。)
④ The teacher ordered the students not to run in the hallway.(老师命令学生们不要在走廊里跑。)
4. loud(adj. 大声的;喧闹的)
副词形式:loudly(大声地;响亮地),用于修饰动词
例句:
① The music in the restaurant is too loud. Can you turn it down?(餐厅里的音乐太大声了,你能调小一点吗?)
② The children are talking loudly in the classroom.(孩子们在教室里大声说话。)
③ He shouted loudly to get his friend's attention.(他大声喊叫以引起朋友的注意。)
5. actually(adv. 实际上;事实上)
同义短语:in fact(其实;实际上)
例句:
① People think this dish is from Italy, but actually it came from China.(人们以为这道菜来自意大利,但实际上它源自中国。)
② She looks quiet, but actually she's very outgoing.(她看起来很文静,但实际上很外向。)
③ I didn't finish my homework—actually, I forgot to do it.(我没完成作业,其实是我忘了做。)
6. mean(v. 意思是;意味着)
名词形式:meaning(意思;意义)
核心搭配:mean sth.(意思是某物)、the meaning of...(……的意思)
例句:
① What does this word mean? I can't understand it.(这个单词是什么意思?我不懂。)
② The red light means "stop" when crossing the road.(过马路时,红灯意味着“停止”。)
③ Do you know the meaning of the English word "delicious"?(你知道英语单词“delicious”的意思吗?)
7. suffer(v. (身体或精神上)受苦;遭受(痛苦))
核心搭配:suffer from(受(某种病痛)折磨;患有(某种疾病))
例句:
① Many old people suffer from arthritis in cold weather.(很多老人在寒冷天气会饱受关节炎折磨。)
② He suffered from a headache after working on the computer for a long time.(长时间用电脑后,他头疼得厉害。)
③ We should help those who are suffering from hunger and poverty.(我们应该帮助那些遭受饥饿和贫困的人。)
8. certain(adj. 某个;某些;确定的)
核心搭配:a certain + 名词(某个……)、be certain of/about(确信……)
例句:
① A certain food can always bring back our childhood memories.(某种食物总能唤起我们的童年回忆。)
② I'm certain of his success because he works very hard.(我确信他会成功,因为他非常努力。)
③ She met a certain friend of hers on the way to school.(她在上学路上遇到了她的一个朋友。)
9. delicious(adj. 美味的;可口的)
用法:用于修饰食物,强调味道好
例句:
① My mom cooked delicious dumplings for dinner today.(妈妈今天晚饭做了美味的饺子。)
② The salad in this restaurant is fresh and delicious.(这家餐厅的沙拉新鲜又美味。)
③ I've never eaten such delicious beef noodles before.(我从来没吃过这么美味的牛肉面。)
10. special(adj. 特殊的;特别的;专门的)
例句:
① We have a special dish for the Spring Festival.(我们春节有一道特别的菜。)
② She made a special gift for her best friend's birthday.(她为最好的朋友生日做了一份特别的礼物。)
③ This restaurant offers special services for children.(这家餐厅为儿童提供专门的服务。)
二、重点短语详解
1. bring back(使回忆起;使想起;带回)
用法:后可接名词作宾语,既可以表示“唤起回忆”,也可以表示“实物带回”
例句:
① The smell of osmanthus brings back memories of my hometown.(桂花香唤起了我对家乡的回忆。)
② Can you bring back the book I lent you last week?(你能把我上周借你的书带回来吗?)
③ That old song always brings back happy moments from my childhood.(那首老歌总能唤起我童年的快乐时光。)
2. turn off(关闭;关掉)
用法:通常与电器、水、煤气等搭配,反义词组为turn on(打开)
拓展短语:turn up(开大;调高)、turn down(开小;调低)、turn left/right(左/右拐)
例句:
① Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.(离开房间时别忘了关灯。)
② She turned off the TV and started to do her homework.(她关掉电视,开始做家庭作业。)
③ Could you please turn off the gas? The soup is already boiling.(你能关掉煤气吗?汤已经烧开了。)
3. see...as...(认为……是……;把……看作……)
同义短语:regard...as...(把……看作……)、consider...as...(认为……是……)
例句:
① Most people see dumplings as a traditional Chinese food.(大多数人认为饺子是中国传统食物。)
② I see my English teacher as a good friend who always helps me.(我把英语老师看作总是帮助我的好朋友。)
③ People often see red as a symbol of happiness in China.(在中国,人们常把红色看作幸福的象征。)
4. suffer from(受(某种病痛)折磨;患有(某种疾病))
用法:后接具体疾病名称,不能直接接其他名词
例句:
① My grandfather suffers from high blood pressure and can't eat too much salt.(我爷爷患有高血压,不能吃太多盐。)
② She suffered from a cold last week and had to stay at home.(她上周感冒了,不得不待在家里。)
③ Many people in that area suffer from water shortages.(那个地区很多人饱受缺水之苦。)
5. mix...with...(把……和……混合起来)
用法:mix后接被混合的主体,with后接混合的对象
例句:
① You can mix milk with coffee to make it taste better.(你可以把牛奶和咖啡混合,让它味道更好。)
② Don't mix sugar with salt—they look similar but taste different.(别把糖和盐混在一起,它们看起来像但味道不一样。)
③ She mixed flour with water to make dumpling wrappers.(她把面粉和水混合,做饺子皮。)
6. a kind of(一种;一类)
用法:后接名词,用于表示某类事物中的一种
例句:
① Porridge is a kind of healthy food for breakfast.(粥是一种健康的早餐食物。)
② Hamburger is a kind of Western fast food.(汉堡是一种西方快餐。)
③ This is a kind of fruit I've never seen before.(这是一种我以前从没见过的水果。)
7. in fact(其实;实际上)
同义副词:actually(实际上)
用法:用于强调事实与表象不同,可置于句首、句中或句末
例句:
① He looks very young. In fact, he's already forty years old.(他看起来很年轻,其实他已经四十岁了。)
② I thought she didn't like spicy food. In fact, she loves it very much.(我以为她不喜欢辣的食物,其实她非常喜欢。)
③ This dish seems complicated. In fact, it's easy to cook.(这道菜看起来复杂,其实做起来很简单。)
8. wake up(醒来;唤醒)
用法:可作不及物动词短语(自己醒来),也可作及物动词短语(唤醒某人/某物)
例句:
① I usually wake up at 7 o'clock in the morning.(我通常早上7点醒来。)
② My mom woke me up early this morning to catch the bus.(妈妈今天早上早早就叫醒我去赶公交车。)
③ The noise outside woke up the sleeping baby.(外面的噪音吵醒了熟睡的婴儿。)
三、重点句型详解
1. Each kind of porridge tastes great in its own way.(每种粥尝起来都很美味,都有它自己独特的味道。)
句型结构:主语 + 感官系动词(taste/smell/sound/look/feel) + 形容词
用法:感官系动词后接形容词作表语,说明主语的特征;in one's own way 表示“以自己独特的方式”
例句:
① The cake smells sweet and tastes even better.(这蛋糕闻起来香甜,吃起来更美味。)
② The music sounds beautiful and makes people relaxed.(这音乐听起来很优美,让人感到放松。)
③ The sweater feels soft and comfortable to wear.(这件毛衣摸起来柔软,穿起来很舒服。)
2. Stir it until it becomes golden yellow.(搅拌它直到它变成金黄色。)
句型结构:主句 + until + 时间状语从句
用法:until 意为“直到……为止”,主句动词为延续性动词时,表动作持续到从句动作发生;主句为否定句(not...until)时,表“直到……才”,主句动词常用短暂性动词
例句:
① Keep stirring the soup until it boils.(一直搅拌汤,直到它沸腾。)
② I will wait for you until you finish your work.(我会等你,直到你完成工作。)
③ He didn't go to bed until he finished his homework.(他直到做完作业才睡觉。)
3. The old days still feel so sweet in my heart.(过去的日子在我的心里仍然使我感到甜蜜。)
句型结构:主语 + 状态系动词(feel/keep/stay/remain) + 形容词
用法:状态系动词后接形容词作表语,说明主语的状态;in one's heart 表示“在某人心里”
例句:
① The memory of my first cooking still feels warm.(我第一次做饭的回忆仍然让人感到温暖。)
② The food stays fresh for three days if you put it in the fridge.(如果你把食物放进冰箱,它能保持新鲜三天。)
③ He remained calm even when he faced the difficult problem.(即使面对难题,他仍然保持冷静。)
4. Many people see it as a Western dessert.(许多人认为它是西式甜点。)
句型结构:主语 + see + 宾语 + as + 宾语补足语
用法:as 后可接名词或形容词,表“把某物/某人看作……”
例句:
① People see mooncakes as a symbol of family reunion.(人们把月饼看作家庭团圆的象征。)
② She sees reading as an important part of her life.(她把阅读看作生活中重要的一部分。)
③ We see this restaurant as the best place for dinner.(我们认为这家餐厅是吃晚饭的最佳地点。)
5. However, this sweet treat actually came from China!(然而,这种甜点其实来自中国!)
句型结构:转折连词(however) + 主句
用法:however 表示转折,意为“然而”,可置于句首、句中或句末,通常用逗号隔开;actually 用于强调事实真相
例句:
① The dish looks simple. However, it takes a lot of time to cook.(这道菜看起来简单,然而做起来要花很多时间。)
② He said he was busy. However, I saw him playing basketball in the park.(他说他很忙,然而我看到他在公园打篮球。)
③ This fruit is expensive. However, it's worth the price because it's very delicious.(这种水果很贵,然而它很值,因为味道非常好。)
四、易错易混辨析
1. happen 与 take place
单词/短语
含义
用法
例句
happen
发生;碰巧
强调事件的偶然性,无被动语态
① A car accident happened on this road yesterday.(昨天这条路上发生了一起车祸。)② I happened to meet my old classmate in the supermarket.(我碰巧在超市遇到了我的老同学。)
take place
发生;举行
强调事件按计划进行或自然发生,无被动语态
① The school sports meeting will take place next Friday.(学校运动会将于下周五举行。)② Great changes have taken place in my hometown in recent years.(近年来,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。)
2. turn off、turn on、turn up 与 turn down
短语
含义
搭配对象
例句
turn off
关闭;关掉
电器、水、煤气等
Please turn off the computer when you leave the office.(离开办公室时请关掉电脑。)
turn on
打开
电器、水、煤气等
She turned on the radio to listen to the news.(她打开收音机听新闻。)
turn up
开大;调高
音量、温度等
Can you turn up the TV? I can't hear it clearly.(你能把电视声音调大一点吗?我听不清楚。)
turn down
开小;调低;拒绝
音量、温度、请求等
① He turned down the music because it was too loud.(他把音乐调小了,因为太吵了。)② She turned down his invitation to the party.(她拒绝了他参加派对的邀请。)
3. 系动词的分类与用法
类别
常见系动词
含义
例句
状态类
be、keep、stay、remain
表示主语的状态
① He is a cook in a big restaurant.(他是一家大餐厅的厨师。)② The food stays fresh in the fridge.(食物在冰箱里保持新鲜。)
感官类
look、smell、sound、taste、feel
表示主语的感官特征
① The flowers look beautiful.(这些花看起来很漂亮。)② The soup tastes delicious.(这汤尝起来很美味。)
似乎类
seem、appear
表示主语的表象
① It seems that he likes Chinese food very much.(他似乎非常喜欢中国食物。)② She appears very happy today.(她今天看起来很开心。)
变化类
become、get、grow、turn、go
表示主语的变化
① The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(树叶在秋天变黄。)② The weather is getting colder and colder.(天气变得越来越冷。)
结果类
prove
表示主语被证明的结果
His idea proved right in the end.(他的想法最终被证明是正确的。)
4. mean 与 meaning
单词
词性
含义
搭配
例句
mean
动词
意思是;意味着
mean sth.、mean to do sth.(打算做某事)
① What does this sign mean?(这个标志是什么意思?)② I mean to learn how to make cakes.(我打算学做蛋糕。)
meaning
名词
意思;意义
the meaning of...、have a meaning(有意义)
① Do you know the meaning of this English word?(你知道这个英语单词的意思吗?)② This book has a deep meaning for me.(这本书对我来说有深刻的意义。)
5. certain 与 sure
单词
含义
搭配
例句
certain
确定的;某个
be certain of/about、be certain to do、a certain + 名词
① I'm certain of his success.(我确信他会成功。)② A certain Mr. Li called you just now.(刚才有位李先生给你打电话。)
sure
确信的;肯定的
be sure of/about、be sure to do、sure(当然,用于回答)
① Are you sure you can finish the work on time?(你确定能按时完成工作吗?)② —Can you help me? —Sure!(—你能帮我吗?—当然可以!)
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