高考英语阅读理解每日一练 1 -2026届高三英语一轮复习专项

2026高考英语阅读理解每日一练答案与详细解析 A篇 话题：植物的光合作用与生长（基础层） 1. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第二句“This process mainly takes place in the chloroplasts of plant leaves”，直接匹配原文表述，其余选项为植物其他部位，文中未提及，直接排除。 2. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第二句“chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil to produce glucose and oxygen”，明确阳光、二氧化碳、水是原料，葡萄糖是产物，由此确定答案。 3. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第二句“The most suitable temperature for most plants is between 20℃ and 30℃”，精准匹配数字信息，无需额外推理。 4. 答案：A 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第三段第一句“Green plants are the main oxygen producers on the earth through photosynthesis”，直接提取核心作用，B、C与原文“释放氧气、吸收二氧化碳”相反，D文中未提及。 B篇 话题：新型电池的化学研发与应用（提升层） 5. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段第二句“they have limitations such as low energy density and potential safety risks of overheating”，直接匹配锂电池的局限性，其余选项均为新型电池的优势，可排除。 6. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第二句“Sodium is more abundant and cheaper than lithium in nature, which makes sodium-ion batteries more cost-effective for large-scale production”，明确钠的原料优势是核心原因，直接匹配选项。 7. 答案：B 解题思路：信息整合题，定位第三段第二句“use solid electrolytes, which completely solve the problem of liquid leakage and greatly reduce the risk of fire and explosion”，整合“无漏液+高安全性”两大核心优势，即为固态电池相较于传统电池的关键特点。 8. 答案：C 解题思路：推理判断题，定位第三段最后一句“scientists are trying to improve their charging speed and reduce production costs”，可推理出科学家正针对固态电池的不足进行优化，A“完全应用”、B“彻底替代”与“实验阶段”矛盾，D文中未提及两者低温性能对比。 C篇 话题：河流地貌的形成与演变（提升层） 9. 答案：C 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第一段最后一句“In mountain areas, rivers with steep terrain have strong erosion ability, forming deep and narrow V-shaped valleys”，直接匹配山地河流的侵蚀地貌，A、B为沉积作用形成，可排除。 10. 答案：B 解题思路：细节理解题，定位第二段第二句“The carrying capacity of a river is closely related to its flow speed: the faster the water flows, the more sediment it can carry”，明确河流流速是决定其搬运能力的核心因素。 11. 答案：A 解题思路：因果细节题，定位第三段最后一句“When rivers flow into the sea or lakes, the flow speed becomes zero, and all sediment is deposited at the river mouth”，明确“流速降为0，失去搬运能力”是河口沉积的核心原因，直接匹配选项。 12. 答案：B 解题思路：主旨大意题，梳理全文结构：首段提出河流地貌由侵蚀、搬运、沉积作用形成，二、三、四段分别详细说明这三个过程的特点及形成的对应地貌，末段补充其变化影响因素。选项B涵盖“三大核心过程+形成效果”，是对全文的全面概括；A仅为末段细节，C、D仅为单个过程的知识点，均排除。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026高考英语阅读理解每日一练 （考点：细节理解+推理判断+主旨大意+信息整合） 建议用时：25-30分钟 分层说明：基础层（1-4题）侧重细节定位、信息直接匹配，低阶思维考查；提升层（5-12题）侧重推理判断、主旨概括、复杂信息整合，高阶逻辑分析考查。 题型规范：每篇4题，无划线词义猜测题，严格适配高考真题命题规律。 A篇 话题：植物的光合作用与生长（基础层） Photosynthesis is the most important process for green plants to grow and survive, which turns light energy into chemical energy and provides nutrients for plants. This process mainly takes place in the chloroplasts of plant leaves, where chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, carbon dioxide from the air and water from the soil to produce glucose and oxygen. Oxygen is released into the air, while glucose is used as food for plant growth and development. The speed of photosynthesis is affected by three key factors: light intensity, temperature and carbon dioxide concentration. Sufficient sunlight can speed up the process, but too strong light will damage the chlorophyll and slow it down. The most suitable temperature for most plants is between 20℃ and 30℃; too high or too low temperature will reduce the photosynthesis efficiency. Higher carbon dioxide concentration in the air also helps plants carry out photosynthesis better. Green plants are the main oxygen producers on the earth through photosynthesis. They not only provide food for themselves but also for animals and humans. Without photosynthesis, the ecological balance of the earth would be broken, and most living things would not be able to survive. 1. Where does photosynthesis mainly take place in green plants? A. In the roots of plants B. In the chloroplasts of plant leaves C. In the stems of plants D. In the flowers of plants 2. Which of the following is NOT a raw material for photosynthesis? A. Sunlight B. Carbon dioxide C. Glucose D. Water 3. What is the most suitable temperature range for most plants' photosynthesis? A. 10℃-20℃ B. 20℃-30℃ C. 30℃-40℃ D. 40℃-50℃ 4. What important role do green plants play through photosynthesis? A. They are the main oxygen producers on the earth B. They absorb all oxygen from the air C. They produce carbon dioxide for animals D. They stop the growth of other plants B篇 话题：新型电池的化学研发与应用（提升层） With the development of new energy technology, the research and development of high-performance batteries has become a hot topic in chemical science. Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in mobile phones, electric cars and energy storage devices, but they have limitations such as low energy density and potential safety risks of overheating. Scientists are now working on developing better alternative batteries to solve these problems. Sodium-ion batteries are one of the most promising new batteries. Sodium is more abundant and cheaper than lithium in nature, which makes sodium-ion batteries more cost-effective for large-scale production. Although their energy density is slightly lower than lithium-ion batteries, they have higher safety and better low-temperature performance, making them suitable for energy storage in cold areas. Another new type is the solid-state battery. Different from traditional batteries with liquid electrolytes, solid-state batteries use solid electrolytes, which completely solve the problem of liquid leakage and greatly reduce the risk of fire and explosion. They also have higher energy density, which can make electric cars travel longer distances with the same volume of batteries. At present, solid-state batteries are still in the experimental stage, and scientists are trying to improve their charging speed and reduce production costs. The development of new batteries is not only a breakthrough in chemical technology but also provides strong support for the global development of new energy industry, helping to reduce the dependence on fossil fuels and achieve low-carbon development. 5. What are the limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries? A. High energy density and low production cost B. Abundant raw materials and high safety C. Low energy density and potential overheating safety risks D. Poor low-temperature performance and high cost 6. Why are sodium-ion batteries more cost-effective for large-scale production? A. They have higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries B. Sodium is more abundant and cheaper in nature than lithium C. They are already widely used in all new energy devices D. They have no limitations in any working environment 7. What is the key advantage of solid-state batteries over traditional batteries? A. Using liquid electrolytes and avoiding leakage B. Higher safety and no risk of liquid leakage C. Lower energy density but faster charging speed D. Mass production and low experimental cost 8. What can we infer about solid-state batteries from the passage? A. They have been fully applied in electric cars worldwide B. They can completely replace lithium-ion batteries now C. Scientists are improving their performance and reducing costs D. They have worse low-temperature performance than sodium-ion batteries C篇 话题：河流地貌的形成与演变（提升层） River landforms are the various land shapes formed by the erosion, transportation and deposition of rivers, which are important parts of geographical landscape and change with the river's development. Erosion is the first step of river landform formation: fast-flowing river water scours the riverbed and river banks, making the river deeper and wider. In mountain areas, rivers with steep terrain have strong erosion ability, forming deep and narrow V-shaped valleys with steep slopes. Transportation is the process where rivers carry the sand, gravel and soil eroded from the riverbed and banks to downstream areas. The carrying capacity of a river is closely related to its flow speed: the faster the water flows, the more sediment it can carry. When the river flows from mountain areas to plain areas, the terrain becomes flat and the flow speed slows down rapidly, leading to a sharp drop in its carrying capacity. Deposition is the key process for forming plain and delta landforms. When the river flow speed slows down, the sediment carried by the river can no longer be supported and will settle down one after another. In plain areas, the deposited sediment forms flat alluvial plains, which are usually fertile and suitable for agricultural production. When rivers flow into the sea or lakes, the flow speed becomes zero, and all sediment is deposited at the river mouth, forming triangular deltas with rich land resources. River landforms are constantly changing under the joint action of natural factors such as rainfall and terrain and human activities such as dam building and river regulation. Understanding their formation and evolution is of great significance for river management, agricultural development and disaster prevention. 9. What kind of river landform do mountain rivers form due to strong erosion? A. Flat alluvial plains B. Triangular river deltas C. Deep and narrow V-shaped valleys D. Wide and shallow river beds 10. What decides a river's sediment carrying capacity according to the passage? A. The color of the river water B. The flow speed of the river C. The length of the river D. The width of the river bank 11. Why do rivers deposit sediment when flowing into the sea or lakes? A. The river flow speed becomes zero and loses carrying capacity B. The sea water dissolves all the sediment in the river C. The terrain becomes steeper and the erosion ability increases D. Human activities stop the river from carrying sediment 12. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The influence of human activities on river landforms B. The three key processes of river landform formation and their effects C. The difference between mountain rivers and plain rivers D. The importance of alluvial plains for agricultural production 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $