Unit 1 Nature in the Balance（复习课件）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Nature in the Balance 复习课件 高一·英语 译林版2020必修三 1 学习内容导览 单元知识图谱 2 学习目标 1 3 重点单词 单元语法 6 重点句型 5 7 主题写作 4 重点短语 8 课堂巩固 . 2 学习目标 1. Master the structure and stylistic features of documentary scripts. 2. Explore and summarize the rules of the grammatical phenomenon of ellipsis, and use them correctly in context. 3. Complete a school newspaper article that calls on people to protect animals. 4. Master the discourse features of TV talk show scripts and learn to distinguish between viewpoints and supporting evidence. 5. Work in groups to create a booklet about environmental issues. 3 单元知识图谱 . 4 单词 意思 mass n.大量；团、块、堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 towering adj.高大的；高耸的；出色的 Impact n.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vt. & vi. 有影响，冲击 extinction n.灭绝，绝种 damage vt.& n.损害，伤害，破坏，损坏 track n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 vt.&vi.跟踪，追踪 protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n.抗议，反对 profit n.利润，收益；好处 v.获益，得到好处 process n.过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 重点单词 former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 . 5 1. harm n. & vi. 损害;危害→ adj. 有害的→ adj. 无害的 2. region n. 地区,区域;行政区→ adj. 地区的,区域的 3. long adj. 长的;冗长的→ n. 长度;长→ vt. 加长 4. vary vi. 变化;变动→ adj. 各种各样的→ n. 变化;多样(化);多变(性) 5. survive vi. & vt. 幸存;幸免;生还→ n. 幸免;幸存;生还→ n. 幸存者;生还者  6. appear v. 出现→ n. 外貌,出现→ v. 消失→ n. 消失 7. apply vt. 涂;敷;搽;应用;运用 vi. 申请;请求;使用→ n. 申请→ n. 申请人 8. organize vt. 组织;成立→ n. 组织者→ adj. 有组织的→ n. 组织 重点单词·词性转换 harmful harmless regional length lengthen various variety survival survivor appearance disappear disappearance application applicant organizer organized organization . 6 9. absolute adj. 绝对的,完全的→ adv. 绝对地,完全地 10. entire adj. 完全的,彻底的→ adv. 完全地,全部地 11. defend v. 防卫,保护→ n. 辩护;防御 12. economy n. 经济→ adj. 经济的  13. official n. 官员 adj. 公务的,正式的→ adv. 官方地 14. poison n. 毒药;毒害 vt. 毒害;使中毒→ adj. 有毒的 15. chemical n. 化学制品 adj. 化学的→ n. 化学→ adv.用化学,以化学方法 16. consequent adj. 作为结果的;随之发生的→ n. 结果;后果;重要性→ adv. 结果 重点单词·用准 absolutely entirely defence economic officially poisonous chemistry chemically consequence consequently . 7 重点单词详解 1 harm n．& vt.伤害，损害 (教材原句P1)The human race has done much harm.人类已经造成了许多危害。 [例1]　What should be done to punish people who do harm to the animals? 应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人呢？ [例2]　Too much direct sunlight will harm the plants.过多的阳光直射会损害植物。 【拓展】 ※do harm to...对……有害 cause harm to...对……造成危害 There is no harm in doing sth.做某事并无害处。 ※harmful adj.有害的 be harmful to...对……有害 ※harmless adj.无害的 . 8 重点单词详解 2. variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 (教材原句P3)The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.雨林的不同层次使种类多到难以置信的野生动植物得以生存。 [例1]　We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化。 [例2]　I'm always pleased to try out a new variety.我一直乐于尝试新品种。 【拓展】 ※a variety of/varieties of各种各样的 ※various adj.各种各样的；不同的 ※vary v．改变；变化 vary from...to...由……到……不等 . 9 重点短语 1. in turn　　　　 　　　 　　　 2. break down  　　　 　 　　　 　 　 3. breathe life into 　　　　　　　 　　　　　 4. due to 　　 　　　 5. build up 　　　　 　　　 6. come up with 　　 　　　 7. call for  　　 　　 　　　 8. call for  　　　　 　　　 　 9. get rid of 　　 　　 　　　 10. give rise to 　　　 　　　 　 相应地,转而  使分解(为),使变化(成)  给……带来起色,注入活力  由于,因为  逐渐增加,扩大  想出,想到  (公开)要求,需要  突然记起(或想到)  摆脱,丢弃,扔掉  使发生(或存在)  . 10 重点句型 1. 倍数关系句型 With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. 亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米,是中国国土面积的一半以上。 2. judging from. . . 根据……判断 What do you think this script is about judging from the title and pictures?  根据标题和图片,你认为这个节选讲了什么? . 11 重点句型 3. 独立主格结构 The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. 亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家,以及一块法国的海外领地,都位于南美洲大陆。  4. even though 引导的从句 We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs.   我们一直在采取各种措施,包括使用新技术,以减少生产过程中的污染,尽管这些措施提高了我们的生产成本。 . 12 单元语法 英语中存在多种多样的省略现象，句子中既可以省略主语、谓语、谓语的一部分或宾语，也可以一起省略主语和谓语。省略可使语言更加简洁，意思更加明确，句子结构更加紧凑。 Ellipsis 简单句中的省略 并列句中的省略 复合句中的省略 其他 宾语从句中的省略 状语从句中的省略 定语从句中的省略 介词的省略 替代词so等的省略 动词不定式的省略 . 单元语法 1.祈使句中的you和疑问句中的主语 2.当上、下或前、后两个句子的宾语一致时，下句或后句常省略宾语 (You) Shut up! 住嘴！ —Do you know Miss Gao? —I don’t know (her)． 简单句中的省略 3.主语和谓语都很明确，此时为了简化或显得亲切等 (You come) This way, please. (省略了主语和谓语) . 单元语法 并列句中的省略 1．省略共同的主语或宾语。 2．若主语不同，而谓语部分的系动词、助动词或情态动词相同，则省略后面的系动词、助动词或情态动词。 Jim must have been swimming and Mary (must have been) doing her homework. 3．若主语与谓语动词相同，则省略后面的主谓成分。 His advice made me happy, but (his advice made) Jim angry. 4．若主语不同，但主要动词及后续部分相同，则省略主要动词及后续部分。 He has a knowledge of first aid but his friend doesn’t (have a knowledge of first aid)． . 单元语法 1．宾语从句的省略 (1)及物动词后接宾语从句时，连接词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词接两个或两个以上that引导的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。 I truly believe (that) beauty comes from within. (2)when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句有时可以仅保留引导词。 I know that a movie star will come to our city but I don’t know when (he will come to our city)． 复合句中的省略 . 单元语法 2．定语从句的省略 (1)在限制性定语从句中，作宾语用的关系代词whom, which, that可省略(但whom, which紧跟在介词后时不能省略)。 The exact year (which/that) Angela and her family spent together in China was 2018. (2)修饰way的关系词that/in which可以省略。 The way (that/in which) he speaks to us is really annoying. 比较： 原句：I still remember the day when we first met. 省略句：I still remember the day we first met. 原句：This is the place where we had our picnic last week. 省略句：This is the place we had our picnic last week. 原句：Do you know the reason why he was late? 省略句：Do you know the reason he was late? 复合句中的省略 . 单元语法 3．状语从句的省略 (1)在when, while, if, as if, though, although, as, until, once, whether, unless, whenever等连接的状语从句中，当从句主语跟主句的主语相同且从句谓语中含有系动词be或从句的主语为it时，则从句中主语和be动词常被省略。 Will you be free this Sunday? If (it is) so, let’s go camping. 这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。 复合句中的省略 （2）在than, as等引导的比较状语从句中常省略某些成分。 They don’t use more water than (it is) necessary. 他们使用的水没有超出需要量。 注意：并非所有的状语从句都可以省略主语和be动词，由after, before, because等词引导的状语从句一般要改写成介词短语等，用动名词代替be动词。 Because he was ill, he didn’t attend the meeting. →Because of being ill, he didn’t attend the meeting.(正) . 单元语法 (1)当不定式在形容词afraid, anxious, eager, glad, happy, ready, willing等后作状语时，to后的内容常省略。 You can’t force him to answer the question if he’s not ready to (answer the question)． 如果他不愿意回答这个问题，你不能强迫他。 (2)某些使役动词，如make, let, have等和感官动词，如see, watch, notice, observe, hear等后面作宾补的不定式须省略to，但若这些动词用于被动语态，则to不省略。 We often hear her sing an English song in the classroom. She is often heard to sing an English song in the classroom. (3)并列的不定式可以省略后面的不定式符号to。但若两个不定式之间表示对比关系时，不能省略to。 He likes to swim more than (to) skate. 比起溜冰他更喜欢游泳。 He believes it important to study rather than to make friends. (对比)他认为最重要的是学习而不是交朋友。 动词不定式的省略 . 单元语法 (4)当不定式在某些动词后作宾语时，to后的内容常可省略。常见的动词有agree, afford, expect, forget, hope, know, manage, pretend, remember, refuse, want, wish, would like等。 I would do it for you, but I don’t know how to (do it for you)． 我愿意为你做这件事，但是我不知怎么去做。 (5)介词but, except (除了) 前有实义动词do的某种形式时，后面的不定式不带to。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see. 他所能做的只有等着瞧。 (6)当不定式在be going to, be able to, have to, ought to, used to后作复合谓语时，不定式可省略。 They didn’t visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents)．他们应该多看望父母，但他们没有。 动词不定式的省略 . 单元语法 (1)一些与动词、名词或形容词搭配的介词常常可以省略，而保留介词后的动名词。常见的结构有： have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. (2)表示时间的介词at, on和in在next, last, this, these, yesterday, tomorrow, one, any, every, each, some等词之前时，一般省略。 (3)使用so, not等时的省略 在英语中可以用so, not或其他方式来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整句。 —Can you finish your work today? —I think so. —I don’t think so./I think not. 介词的省略 . Write an article for the school newspaper calling for people to protect animals. Time Limit: 15 minutes​ Word Count: 80 words Content: Include at least 3 specific suggestions. Language: Use formal and persuasive language; avoid slang. Use correct vocabulary and sentence patterns. 主题写作 . 22 主题写作 Steps Prewriting Drafting Revising Editing Publishing Planning your writing . 23 主题写作 Beginning Body Ending Calling for the protection of animals Specify the importance of protecting animals Explain how human activities harm animals Come up with ways to protect animals Call for action of all people to protect animals and state the positive results you would like to see State the purpose of the writing Developing an outline . 24 主题写作 Ways to protect animals Make hunting endangered animals against the law. Protect animal habitats by creating well-planned and well-managed protected areas and taking small actions like using less paper. Reduce how much beef we eat. Make people understand the importance of animals and their need for protection. Expressions for your writing . Let’s join our hands and take action immediately. It’s high time that we did/should do something to ... In my opinion, we should ... and spare no effort to ... because only in this way can we ... Please start from now on! We will never know what we can do until we try! If everyone makes some contributions, ... will become .. 主题写作 Expressions for your writing . 主题写作 Useful expressions for organizing the points and giving examples in the first/second/third place firstly/secondly/thirdly to begin/start with last but not least what’s more/moreover in addition/additionally on one hand, on the other hand such as like including for example for instance take the example of . Help protect animals! Animals are very important to our world, and we must work together to protect them. Human activities have done much harm to animals. Some human activities, such as hunting and fishing, directly cause populations of many animals to fall. Other human activities have an indirect impact on animals. For example, the destruction of the Amazon rainforest has led to the loss of animal habitats. We must try to do whatever we can to protect animals. By reducing our use of wood and paper, we can save not only trees, but animals living in the forests. Above all, we should spread awareness about the importance of animals and their need for protection. 主题写作 . 一、单句语法填空。 1.Although (damage) by an earthquake，the old city remains much of its original appearance. 2．Video games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the wrong hands. 3．It is so cold that you can't go outside fully covered in thick clothes. 4．When (walk)，she found a nice shining thing on the ground. 5．Children，when (accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium. 课堂巩固 damaged left unless walking accompanied . 一、单句语法填空。 6． possible，you should try it again. 7．I will keep silent even if (ask) about this matter. 8． in America，he made many friends with the local people. 9．Why not (go) to the teacher's office and ask for some advice? 10．I hear Tom is ill.If ，let's go to see him. 课堂巩固 If asked When go so . 二、短文语法填空 Dealing with homeless families 1. (be) one part of my job. It was from a single mother 2. the very first call I had was. She was weeping. Not until I promised to help her 3. she stop weeping. After being told that she had got into a terrible car accident，I learned that accident made her lose her job. Because of this，she fell behind with her rent 4. she was being forced to leave her apartment. She had to pay for the rent.5. not，nowhere could she and her two children go. Having explained the situation，she stopped，saying，“I'm so sorry！Thank you for letting me tell my story. I've tried every shelter and charity in the area but no one 6. listen or care.” 课堂巩固 is that did and If does . 31 二、短文语法填空 7． an unfortunate thing！At that time there being no openings for family housing，I took her number down and told her I'd call her right back. Later，hardly 8. I found an opening for a family in a shelter in her area when I called her back. She was shocked when 9. (answer) my call. She said，“Never 10. I really expect you to call me back.” I gave her the good news and she started weeping again. But this time they were tears of happiness and hope. 课堂巩固 What had answering did . 32 谢谢观看 THANKS 译林版2020必修三 高一·英语 33 $