题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（青岛专用）（中考真题+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习(青岛专用)

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (青岛专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,种植与养殖 2 适中 中华文化,科普知识,说明文 3 适中 说明文,文化差异,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 4 适中 说明文,音乐与舞蹈 5 适中 科普知识,说明文 6 适中 信息安全,说明文,词句猜测,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 7 较易 中华文化,说明文,颜色 8 较难 科普知识,说明文,常见动物 9 困难 说明文,植物 10 适中 说明文,发明与创造 11 较易 说明文,科学技术 12 适中 中华文化,历史人物,说明文 13 较难 说明文,科学技术 14 较难 中华文化,说明文,语言与文化 15 较易 中华文化,说明文 【中考真题】 At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 1．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 2．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E. 学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题。 1． 细节理解题。根据“The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner”和“Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow”可知，M. E. School决定为邻里社区种植食物是因为附近的人家都很穷以及这里的自然条件不适宜种植植物。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”可知，为了解决这个问题，学校建立了一个系统，在这个系统中，鱼粪使植物生长得更好，植物的根清洁鱼缸里的水。结合选项，B中的图片最符合。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank.”结合全文内容可知，这个项目展示了学校采用创新的方法解决问题，因此最适合描述这个项目的词是creative“创新的”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。这也是一个保持健康和变得更好的机会。）结合文章最后两段内容可推断，这个项目给学生们带来了自豪感，因为他们能为邻里社区做出贡献，同时也通过销售鸡蛋和罗非鱼筹集了种子和食物的费用。故选C。 5．标题归纳题。根据“People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food.”（人们没有很多钱，所以这是一个美好的梦想，我们必须给他们食物。）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了位于亚利桑那州图森市的M. E.学校如何通过一个创新的项目帮助当地社区解决食物不足的问题，因而最适合的标题是“A Dream of Giving Vegetables. ”。故选D。 Chinese New Year Painting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth. Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original(最初的)form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people’s everyday life. As time went by, people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly. Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on the wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready. There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings… 1．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting? A．A picture of babies. B．A picture of a door god. C．A picture of women. D．A picture of the Kitchen God. 2．Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the 1980s? Because people __________. A．wanted something that was full of art B．found New Year paintings unimportant C．thought the door god couldn’t bring good luck D．found it hard to produce New Year paintings 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How artists add color to the sample. B．What woodblock New Year paintings reflect. C．How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings. D．Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper. 4．In which part of a magazine can you read this text? A．Culture. B．Nature. C．Education. D．Health. 5．What will the writer probably write next? A．The history of Chinese New Year Painting. B．The development of Chinese New Year Painting. C．The process of creating Chinese New Year Painting. D．The introduction to main themes of Chinese New Year Painting. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国年画以及年画的发展过程。 1．细节理解题。根据“Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original (最初的) form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty.”可知中国年画的第一种形式是一幅门神的画。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“As time went by, people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly.”（随着时间的推移，人们发现年画已经过时了。此外，他们认为门神太可怕了，不能挂在家里。他们想要更艺术的东西。所以在20世纪80年代中期，年画的销量大幅下降。）可知是因为人们想要充满艺术的东西，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps”（通常，彩色木版年画分四步制作。）可知第四段讲述的是艺术家们如何制作彩色木版年画。故选C。 4．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国年画以及年画的发展过程。所以文章可能在杂志的文化部分看到。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year painting”（中国年画有四大主题）可推知接下来文章要介绍中国年画的主要主题。故选D。 【热点话题练习】 Sometimes, using hand gestures can bring more information and be more convenient than words, especially when you are speaking to someone with no language in common. But the same gesture can mean something quite nasty and offensive (冒犯的) to a person from a different cultural background. “V” Shape In many countries, if you have your index and middle fingers pointed up in the “V” shape, it stands for winning. However, when you make the sign, be sure to have the front of your palm facing outward instead of inward, because showing people the back of your hand is impolite in some countries like the UK and Australia. Finger Snap (打响指) Snapping your thumb and middle finger over and over may mean one is trying to remind someone of something forgotten. While in Latin America snapping them means asking one to hurry up. But one thing you should remember is that, in many cultures, snapping fingers close to someone’s face is considered to be an offensive gesture. Fingers Crossed Crossing the index and middle fingers is regarded as a sign of wishing for good luck or fortune. At other times, people cross their fingers before telling a lie, as it is believed to countervail (抵消) the bad things coming from the lie. So it is both a positive and negative symbol. ILY sign This is always a nice hand gesture from American Sign Language. It combines the letters “I”, “L” and “Y” to mean “I love you.” People use this gesture very often to show their love for their family, friends and all the other people they love. 1．When you make the sign “V”, it’s ________ to show people the back of your hand in the UK. A．victory B．peace C．polite D．rude 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．thumb and middle finger B．thumb and index finger C．thumb and palm D．thumb and pinky 3．On Mother’s Day, ________ can best show love to your mom instead of words. A． B． C． D． 4．The writer mentioned so many different hand gestures to ________. A．tell the differences between American and Chinese cultures B．warn people to be careful when using a hand gesture C．ask people not to worry about making wrong gestures D．encourage people to use hand gestures more 5．From the passage we can know that ________. A．“V” shape sign means reminding someone of something forgotten B．fingers crossed is always considered as a positive sign C．ILY sign is often used to wish for good luck and fortune D．snapping fingers close to someone’s face may be impolite 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了“V”型手势、打响指、交叉手指和“ILY”手势等几种常见手势在不同文化背景下的含义与使用注意事项。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, when you make the sign, be sure to ... back of your hand is impolite in some countries like the UK and Australia.”可知，在英国做“V”手势时展示手背是不礼貌的，即“粗鲁的”。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Snapping your thumb and middle finger over and over...”可知，“them”指代的就是前文提到的“thumb and middle finger”。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“It combines the letters ‘I’, ‘L’ and ‘Y’ to mean ‘I love you.’ People use this gesture very often to show their love for their family, friends and all the other people they love.”可知，“ILY”手势是表达爱意的，在母亲节，可以用这个手势来表达爱。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“But the same gesture can mean something quite nasty and offensive to a person from a different cultural background”可知，作者提及多种手势的主要目的是为了提醒人们在使用手势时要注意文化差异，以免造成误解或冒犯。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“But one thing you should remember is that, in many cultures, snapping fingers close to someone’s face is considered to be an offensive gesture.”可知，在别人脸附近打响指可能是不礼貌的。故选D。 When watching sports events, we often notice athletes wearing earphones while preparing in the locker room or entering the stadium. They keep their eyes shut, and gently nod along the beats. It seems the music is giving them power and cheering them up for the competition. We sometimes do the same. You might have a list of favorite songs for your morning exercises. But is there any science behind such practices? According to a recent research, it turns out there is. Music actually does make us feel powerful, but not all songs have the same effect. Some people were made to listen to 31 songs of different kinds. The listeners felt powerful after listening to some songs, such as Queen’s We Will Rock You and 2 Unlimited’s Get Ready for This. Researchers also found that high-power music made people want to take control in social events and come first in competition. That matters a lot in sports. “It’s commonly said that sports are 90% mental (精神的) and only 10% physical,” The Huffington Post reported. Great athletes know this idea well. NBA player Kobe Bryant, for example, often puts on big headphones and even falls into deep thought to boost (提升) his game and reduce his anxiety. As for the reason for music’s magical power, there is one possible explanation: when people hear music that expresses a sense of power, they mimic (模拟) these feelings in their mind. In another research, researchers found that pop music was perfect for slower, more repetitive tasks, making pop songs the correct choice. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce favorite songs for morning exercises. B．To lead in the topic that music matters in sports. C．To give an example of athletes’ daily life. D．To explain how to choose music. 2．Which of the following is wrong about the research on music? A．All songs have the same effect on making people feel powerful. B．Athletes often wear earphones before the competition. C．Some songs like Queen’s We Will Rock You can make listeners feel powerful. D．High-power music can make people want to take control in social events. 3．Why does Kobe Bryant often put on big headphones? A．To block out noise. B．To show his fashion sense. C．To boost his game and reduce anxiety. D．To listen to the coach’s instructions better. 4．What kind of music is suitable for the worker who does the same work over and over again every day? A．Classical music. B．Rock music. C．Pop music. D．Country music. 5．What is the possible explanation for music’s magical power? A．It makes people more physically fit. B．It directly affects people’s muscles. C．It changes the environment around people. D．People mimic powerful feelings in their mind when hearing certain music. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了音乐在体育运动中的作用，通过研究说明音乐能够使人感到充满力量，并且不同类型的音乐会产生不同的效果，同时解释了音乐具有神奇力量的可能原因。 1．推理判断题。文章第一段描述了运动员在准备比赛时听音乐的现象，并提出了“是否有科学依据支持这种做法”的问题，从而引出了文章关于音乐在体育运动中作用的话题。因此，第一段的主要目的是引入主题，即音乐在体育运动中的重要性。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Music actually does make us feel powerful, but not all songs have the same effect.”可知，并非所有歌曲都能使人感到充满力量，因此A选项“所有歌曲在使人感到充满力量方面有相同的效果”是错误的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Great athletes know this idea well. NBA player Kobe Bryant, for example, often puts on big headphones and even falls into deep thought to boost (提升).”可知，科比·布莱恩特经常戴上大耳机是为了提升比赛表现和减少焦虑。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In another research, researchers found that pop was perfect for slower, more repetitive (重复的), pop songs are the correct choice.”可知，对于每天重复做同样工作的工人来说，流行音乐是合适的选择。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“As for the reason for music’s magical power, there is one possible explanation: when people hear music that expresses a sense of power, they mimic (模拟).”可知，音乐具有神奇力量的可能解释是：当人们听到表达力量感的音乐时，他们会在脑海中模拟这种力量感。故选D。 “If you feel like sleeping more in the winter, you’re not alone,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta, a professor in California. For a long time, we thought that the seasons had little influence on human sleep compared with animals. However, a study coming out in February 2023 found that was not the case. The 188 patients who took part in studies got 30 more minutes of rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep during winter. The REM stage of sleep is the sweet period of sleep cycles (周期), during which people have more dreams and experience faster heartbeat and breathing than in other stages. It’s “an important stage of sleep that helps with our attention, feelings and immune function,” Dasgupta said. The strong feeling for more sleep during winter may have to do with how light changes around the year. “When it is bright outside, we are likely to be active, but when the sun goes down, we may feel tired,” Dasgupta said. “The decrease in sunlight leads to an increase in melatonin (褪黑激素), which controls our sleep-wake cycles.” As melatonin is produced earlier during winter, “it would be natural to suppose that a healthy person also would need more sleep during winter,” said Dr. Carleara Weiss, another expert. And light influences not only how much sleep we need but also how well we sleep. “REM sleep is highly influenced by light and darkness, so when during the winter months we have less light, the body is going to overcompensate (过度补偿) by giving more REM sleep,” said Dr. Joshua Tal, a psychologist in New York. “Yet, humans still don’t need to hibernate (冬眠) like many other animals,” Weiss said. “But we can change ourselves to perform in a better way, and to rest in a better way during winter,” she said. “To help our bodies change from sleep to wake more easily, it’s important to have light exposure in the morning during winter months,” Weiss said. “Along with that, it’s important to keep fixed bedtime and wake-up time.” 1．What happens in the REM period of sleep according to Paragraph 2? A．Faster breathing. B．Less dreaming. C．More attention. D．Slower heart beat. 2．How does the light influence our sleep according to paragraphs 3 and 4? ①By making us strong.         ②By changing our melatonin. ③By driving us mad.         ④By influencing REM sleep. A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 3．Which of the following would Weiss most probably agree with? A．Hibernating is also a good choice for humans. B．A healthy person doesn’t need more sleep in winter. C．We’d better reduce our sleep time in winter months. D．It’s helpful to change our way of work and rest in winter. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The process of relaxing. B．The way to adapt (适应) ourselves. C．The plan of increasing sleep. D．The theory of REM sleep. 5．What’s the purpose of this text? A．To show us how sunlight works in winter. B．To tell us how to deal with sleeping problems. C．To explain why people have more sleep in winter. D．To compare the sleep of humans and other animals. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了冬季人们睡眠相关的研究情况，包括冬季快速眼动睡眠的变化、光线对睡眠的影响以及冬季适应睡眠的方式等。 1．细节理解题。根据“The REM stage of sleep is the sweet period of sleep cycles (周期), during which people have more dreams and experience faster heart beat and breathing than in other stages.”可知，在快速眼动睡眠期，人们呼吸会更快。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The decrease in sunlight leads to an increase in melatonin (褪黑激素), which controls our sleep-wake cycles.”可知，光线通过改变褪黑激素影响睡眠；根据“REM sleep is highly influenced by light and darkness, so when during the winter months we have less light, the body is going to overcompensate (过度补偿) by giving more REM sleep”可知，光线通过影响快速眼动睡眠影响睡眠。所以②④正确。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“But we can change ourselves to perform in a better way, and to rest in a better way during winter”可知，Weiss最可能同意在冬季改变我们的工作和休息方式是有帮助的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，主要讲述了在冬季如何通过一些方式，如早上接受光照、保持固定的睡觉和起床时间等，来让自己更好地适应，即适应自己的方式。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要解释了为什么人们在冬季会有更多睡眠，从冬季快速眼动睡眠的变化、光线对睡眠的影响等方面进行阐述。故选C。 In the modern world, people have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping. So it’s easy to understand that many of us would pick something simple and easy for our passwords. A leaked (泄露的) Yahoo database (数据库) showed that the most popular passwords are still “123456” and “password”. Easy ones like “qwerty” and “abc123” are also among the top 10, reported the Daily Mail. Other top passwords include “welcome”, “sunshine” and “ninja”. Many more used a simple combination of their name, age, or birthday. These people are trying to make life easy for themselves. But they are also making it easy for hackers (黑客) to break into their accounts (账户), experts warned. Researchers from UK’s Lancaster University, as well as Peking and Fujian normal universities in China, did a test on passwords. They tried to guess passwords based on people’s different personal information. They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of common users’ accounts. Hackers could even break a third of the harder passwords in 100 guesses, reported Daily Mail. So how can you make your passwords safer? Researchers have some tips for you. Upper-casing (大写) your password is a good start. Adding numbers and symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and symbols. This would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break! Never use personal information as a password. Use different passwords for different accounts. Experts suggest that a user should change the password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing. 1．Which of the following is probably the most common password? A．123456 B．abc123 C．welcome 2．How do you understand the underlined word “combination”? A．An instrument made to perform. B．A piece of underwear covering the body. C．A group of numbers or letters mixed together. 3．What does the test in Paragraph 3 show us? A．About 1/3 of simple passwords can be guessed. B．Passwords from personal information make life easier. C．Passwords from personal information can be easily guessed. 4．Which password is safer according to the passage? A．a6#0y9b B．U7!fk2xRn C．4831920rl 5．Tom has many different accounts. What should he do? A．Use different strong passwords for each. B．Use one strong password for all accounts. C．Use simple but different passwords for each. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们常用的简单密码存在安全隐患，以及如何设置更安全密码的相关建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“A leaked (泄露的) Yahoo database (数据库) showed that the most popular passwords are still ‘123456’ and ‘password’.”可知，“123456”是最常见的密码之一，故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Many more used a simple combination of their name, age, or birthday.”可知，此处指用名字、年龄或生日等信息混合组成的密码，“combination”意为“组合”，即数字或字母混合在一起的组合，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Researchers…tried to guess passwords based on people’s different personal information. They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of common users’ accounts. Hackers could even break a third of the harder passwords in 100 guesses”可知，基于个人信息的密码很容易被猜出，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Upper-casing (大写) your password is a good start. Adding numbers and symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and symbols. This would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break!”可知，包含大写字母、数字、符号且长度为九位的密码更安全，B项符合。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“Never use personal information as a password. Use different passwords for different accounts.”可知，应给每个账户设置不同的密码，且结合前文建议，密码应是 “强密码”（包含大写、数字、符号等）。故选A。 Colors are here and there. People think different colors have different meanings. Here are four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture. Green In most cultures, green represents (代表) nature and is a calm color. However, in modern Chinese culture, green has a negative meaning. For example, when you say “His face looks green.”, it means he doesn’t look well. Yellow In ancient China, yellow represented power. Only the emperor could wear clothes of this color. Yellow was also considered as a natural color. The Yellow River, the second longest river in China, got its name from the yellowish soil (土) in it. Now, when yellow is used in a sentence, it means someone fails and that something doesn’t go as planned. For example, when you ask people how their relationship is going, they might say “huang le”, which means they’ve broken up. Red Red is considered as one of the luckiest colors in Chinese culture. In ancient China, the royal (皇室的) family wore bright red. In modern China, red is often seen at celebrations like weddings and festivals. Red also describes someone who is very popular. White In ancient China, white was considered as common people’s color. Back then, only the rich could afford to make colorful clothes. Common people couldn’t afford that, so most of their clothes were white. Now people still enjoy white clothes, but they sometimes connect white with bad things. It is connected with scary things like death. 1．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To make a comparison. B．To show the result. C．To introduce the topic. D．To express an opinion. 2．Which word has the similar meaning to the word “negative”? A．Bad. B．Clear. C．Deep. D．Wrong. 3．Which color best describes a popular person? A．Yellow. B．Green. C．Red. D．White. 4．What can we know about white according to the text? A．It is popular but harmful sometimes. B．It is common but unlucky sometimes. C．It is unusual and expensive. D．It is general and natural. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．The development of four colors. B．Four colors in different cultures. C．How to use colors in Chinese culture. D．Four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国文化中的四种颜色及其含义，旨在培养学生宣扬中国文化，坚定文化自信。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Here are four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture.”及下文中对四种颜色的介绍可推知，第一段是为了引出话题。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“However, in modern Chinese culture, green...”可知，当你说“他的脸色发绿”时，意思是他看起来气色不太好；据此可以判断，在现代的中国文化中，绿色有负面的意思，所以划线部分“negative”译为“负面的，不好的”，与“bad”意思相近。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Red also describes someone who is very popular.”可知，红色也可用来形容非常受欢迎的人。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In ancient China, white was considered as common people’s color.”和“...but they sometimes connect white with bad things.”可知，在中国古代，白色被视为平民的颜色，说明它是普遍的；现在人们仍然喜欢白色的衣服，但有时他们会把白色与不好的事物联系起来，说明它有时是不幸运的。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Here are four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture.”可知，本文介绍了中国文化的四种颜色及其含义。故选D。 Have you ever looked at a cat’s face and wondered what it is thinking? A team of scientists from the University of California might have some answers. In a fascinating new study, researchers discovered that cats use 276 different facial expressions to show their feelings—far more than we have ever imagined! ①________ The scientists visited a local cat cafe in Los Angeles for over several months to observe (观察) 53 cats. They recorded 194 minutes of videos, carefully watching how the cats communicate with each other. Using a special system called FACS (Facial Action Coding System), which is normally used to study human expressions, they identified 26 unique facial movements in cats. These movements—like licking (舔) their nose, opening their mouth, or widening their pupils (the black part of their eyes)—combine in different ways to create all those expressions. They also found cats use 26 of these facial movements in total, which can be mixed to express how they are feeling. Dogs use 27 facial movements and humans use a total of 44. ②________ Out of the expressions they recorded, 45% were friendly and 37% were angry. “A friendly cat moves its ears and whiskers forward while closing its eyes slowly—almost like a smile! However, an angry cat often flattens its ears to its head, makes its pupils smaller and licks its lips,” said the team. ③________ Although the researchers aren’t sure what the cats were trying to communicate with each other using their faces, they plan to study cats in other places to improve their understanding. They also hope that the research could help animal shelters (收容所) improve the way they look after the cats. Some pet owners even suggest the researchers develop an app that scans a cat’s face to explain its mood—like a “cat translator”. Next time your cat stares at you, pay attention—it might be “talking” with its face! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving numbers. B．By telling a story. C．By showing some facts. D．By asking a question. 2．Which of the following uses the most facial movements? A．Cats. B．Humans. C．Dogs. D．Tigers. 3．Match the title with each part. a. Why Does This Matter?     b. Friendly Faces or Angry Faces? c. How Did They Study Cats?     d. Future Research on Cat Communication. A．①-a ②-b ③-d B．①-b ②-c ③-a C．①-c ②-b ③-d D．①-d ②-b ③-c 4．What might the scientists do next? A．Keep on studying to know more about cats. B．Find out why the cats try to communicate with each other. C．Build an animal shelter to look after cats. D．Use an app to study cats’ expressions. 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了加州大学科学家关于猫面部表情的研究，包括研究方法、猫面部表情的分类以及研究的意义和未来计划等。 1．细节理解题。根据“Have you ever looked at a cat’s face and wondered what it is thinking?”可知，作者通过提出问题“你是否曾经看着猫的脸并好奇它在想什么”来开始文章。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Dogs use 27 facial movements and humans use a total of 44.”可知，人类使用的面部动作最多，共44个，而猫使用26个，狗使用27个，文中未提及老虎。故选B。 3．推理判断题。①处下文主要介绍了科学家们如何研究猫的面部表情，包括观察猫、录制视频、使用FACS系统等，所以①处应匹配标题“How Did They Study Cats?”；②处下文主要介绍了记录的猫的表情中友好和愤怒的比例，以及友好和愤怒的猫的具体面部表现，所以②处应匹配标题“Friendly Faces or Angry Faces?”；③处下文主要介绍了这项研究的意义以及未来的研究计划，所以③处应匹配标题“Future Research on Cat Communication.”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Although the researchers aren’t sure what the cats were trying to communicate with each other using their faces, they plan to study cats in other places to improve their understanding.”可知，科学家们计划在其他地方继续研究猫，以提高他们的理解，即继续研究以更多地了解猫。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段通过提出问题引出主题；第二、三、四段分别介绍了研究方法、猫面部表情的分类以及研究的意义；第五段介绍了未来的研究计划。所以文章结构为总分总，与C选项结构相符。故选C。 Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream! This thing would never really happen. But a new study showed that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) to record the sounds of tomato plants in boxes. Three groups of plants were observed: one group wasn’t watered for five days; another was touched; a third group had its stems (茎) cut. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour, while the third group only made a sound once every hour. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” scientists from the study team told CNN. The researchers don’t know how the sounds are made, but they believe the noise comes from the breaking of air bubbles in the plants. Scientists also believe that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which to eat. After the experiment, the researchers listened to other plants such as wheat, corn and trees and found they also made more sounds when stressed. Researchers said the study can help farmers in the future, as they can better take care of the crops (庄稼) by “hearing” how plants feel. 1．A new study showed that ________. A．tomatoes often felt stressed B．some tomatoes could cry C．plants could make sounds when stressed D．plants could communicate with people 2．According to scientists, by hearing the sounds, animals can ________. A．feel as stressed as the plants B．know when to help the plants relax C．pick out the best plants to use or eat D．protect themselves from dangerous plants 3．What’s the genre (体裁) of this passage? A．An exposition which gives a full explanation of a theory (理论). B．A drama which has some kinds of performance. C．A profile which gives facts about a person. D．A comedy which makes people laugh. 4．How can the study help farmers? A．It can help them grow healthy crops. B．It can help them stay safe while planting crops. C．It shows them a way to talk to their crops. D．It makes it more fun to work in the fields. 5．The passage is written to ________. A．let farmers listen to plants’ sounds B．teach people how to care for plants C．call for help to save the stressed plants D．tell readers plants can show feelings by sounds 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项新的科学研究，该研究发现植物在承受压力时会发出声音，并探讨了这一发现对农业以及动物行为研究的潜在意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“But a new study showed that plants make sounds when they are stressed.”可知，一项新的研究表明，植物在承受压力时会发出声音。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which to eat.”可知，当动物想吃植物时，它也可以利用声音来选择吃哪一株。这意味着动物可以通过声音来挑选出最好的植物来使用或食用。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章客观地介绍了一项关于植物发声的科学研究，解释了其实验过程、发现和潜在应用，旨在向读者传达科学知识。这种体裁属于说明文。选项A“一篇对理论进行全面解释的说明文”最符合文章特点。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Researchers said the study can help farmers in the future, as they can better take care of the crops (庄稼) by ‘hearing’ how plants feel.”可知，研究人员说这项研究未来可以帮助农民，因为他们可以通过“听到”植物的感受来更好地照顾庄稼，从而帮助他们种植健康的作物。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。文章的核心内容是介绍“植物在受压时会发声”这一科学发现。作者通过介绍这项研究，向读者揭示了一个新知识：植物可以通过声音来表达它们的“感受”。因此，本文的写作目的是告诉读者，植物可以通过声音来表达情感。故选D。 There are many great inventions in ancient China, do you want to know something about them? Let’s have a look: China, the Hometown of China (瓷器) Procelain called china, is one of China’s great inventions and treasures of the world. The first porcelain in China was made in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The main material of porcelain is clay and the surface of it is glaze (釉). Both need to be fired at a high temperature. During Tang and Song dynasties, porcelain was the earliest customized luxury (奢侈) goods that were sold abroad so China was called “a nation of porcelain”. The Legend of Silk The invention of silk is said to date back 5,000 years. The wife of Emperor Huang, Leizu, brought the sericulture (养蚕) technology to the central China. In ancient times, silk was usually made from real silk thread spat by silkworms. Silk was soft, smooth and light, so it was often used in instruments. It was valuable in ancient Chinese societies and trade networks. The Four Treasures of the Study Proudly, the four treasures of the study were all invented in China. They include the brush, ink, Xuan paper and inkstone. The brush serves as the primary tool for writing is cherished for its graceful strokes (笔触). Ink, as the material for writing, remains its deep and pleasant smell through the time. Xuan paper, where the characters are written, is light yet strong. The inkstone comes in different shapes, It is used to grind (磨) the ink before writing. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．TECHNOLOGY B．HISTORY C．CULTURE D．TRAVEL 2．It’s clear that porcelain ________. A．is only made of clay and glaze B．was popular with common people in the Tang Dynasty C．was first traded during the Eastern Han Dynasty D．was connected to the overseas trade 3．Silk was found valuable because ________. A．it served in many parts of society B．it was the softest and lightest material C．the silkworms were hard to raise D．it’s one of the earliest luxury goods 4．How can people use “the four treasures of the study”? ①Wash the brush with the inkstone,    ②Write on the silk. ③Grind the smelly inkstone.         ④Grind the ink. ⑤Lay out the Xuan paper and write.  ⑥Hold the brush with ink. A．③④⑤ B．①②③ C．②③⑥ D．④⑤⑥ 5．Through the news above, the writer might want to introduce ________. A．Emperor Huang’s story B．inventions in ancient China C．the rise of ancient Chinese trade D．the wisdom of Chinese people 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国古代的瓷器、丝绸和文房四宝这几项伟大发明。 1．推理判断题。根据文章内容，全文围绕中国古代的发明展开，属于文化范畴。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“During Tang and Song dynasties, porcelain was the earliest customized luxury goods that were sold abroad…”可知，瓷器与海外贸易有关。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Silk was soft, smooth and light, so it was often used in instruments. It was valuable in ancient Chinese societies and trade networks.”可知，丝绸因在社会多领域应用而珍贵。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“The brush serves as the primary tool for writing... Ink... remains its deep and pleasant smell... Xuan paper... is light yet strong. The inkstone... is used to grind (磨) the ink before writing.”可知，使用方法是④磨墨、⑤铺宣纸书写、⑥持蘸墨的毛笔书写。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。全文介绍了瓷器、丝绸和文房四宝这几项中国古代发明，选项B“inventions in ancient China”最能概括主题。故选B。 DeepSeek-R1, a new AI model (模型) developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek, has rocked the AI industry around the world. Open to the public on Jan.20, it quickly beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and topped the Apple’s App Store by Jan.27. According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power. The report on its earlier V3 model showed that DeepSeek is the least expensive among large language models. It costs about 5.57 million US dollars (about 40.58 million yuan) to make it. Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in R1’s training. Different from traditional methods such as CoT (思维链) and SFT (监督微调), DeepSeek uses R1 (强化学习) as the main training method. While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data (数据), R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. The AI industry’s development has long depended on “making computing power bigger”. “By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure, DeepSeek may change the AI field,” pointed out the US bank Morgan Stanley. “Bigger is not always better,” said the bank. What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source. Everyone is free to use the model’s code (代码) and make changes to suit their own needs. “We won’t choose closed-source,” said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge, building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. “That is the power of open research.” Meta’s chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. 1．What is the great advantage of DeepSeek-R1? A．It’s totally new. B．It’s at the top of App Store list. C．It’s much cheaper than other models. D．It’s developed by a Chinese company. 2．How does the writer develop paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing. C．By giving examples. D．By giving reasons. 3．How will DeepSeek change the AI field according to Morgan Stanley? A．By making computing power bigger. B．By developing reasoning skills in a natural way. C．By sharing knowledge and building a healthy field. D．By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure. 4．What does the underlined word “highlights” in the last paragraph mean? A．强调 B．标记 C．亮点 D．挑染 5．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．OpenAI: A Competitor of DeepSeek B．DeepSeek-R1: Rocking the AI World C．DeepSeek: Changing the Way We Think D．AI Model: A Great Change to the World 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇科技类说明文，主要介绍了中国公司DeepSeek开发的新AI模型DeepSeek-R1的特点及其对AI行业的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power.”可知，DeepSeek-R1的最大优势是成本更低。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Different from traditional methods such as CoT (思维链) and SFT (监督微调), DeepSeek uses R1 (强化学习) as the main training method. While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data (数据), R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks.”可知，第3段通过对比传统方法（CoT和SFT）与DeepSeek-R1采用的R1训练方法，说明其优势，B项符合。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure, DeepSeek may change the AI field”可知，Morgan Stanley认为DeepSeek的突破在于数据质量和模型结构优化。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据“He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge”及上下文语境，此处指他强调了分享知识的重要性，划线部分的含义是“强调”。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据“DeepSeek-R1, a new AI model (模型) developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek, has rocked the AI industry around the world.”并通读全文可知，全文围绕DeepSeek-R1的创新性、低成本及开源特点展开，强调其对AI行业的冲击，B项最能概括文章核心。故选B。 Why did ancient Chinese emperors call themselves zhen (朕) or guaren (寡人)? Research shows that the word zhen used to be a first-person pronoun. Before the Qin Dynasty, it meant “I” or “me” and everyone from farmers to state rulers could use it. The word can be found in books like Li Sao and Shi Jing. However, when the state of Qin defeated all the other six states and unified China, Qinshihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history, changed how this word could be used. He made it a rule that the word zhen could only be used by the emperor himself. Since then, it has been kept only for rulers. Chinese emperors also called themselves guaren. In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”, and believed they had a “Mandate of Heaven” to rule. However, if the “Son of Heaven” was found to have poor morals (德行), they would lose the mandate (统治权). So, the rulers used the phrase guaren or guadezhiren, meaning “a person with little virtue (美德)”. In this way, they could show their modesty (谦虚). In Chinese culture, people should not talk proudly about their own abilities or beliefs. Modesty is seen as a virtue. Ancient rulers hoped to win people’s hearts by calling themselves guaren. However, historical records show that guaren lost its popularity after the Tang Dynasty. The emperors of the following dynasties used zhen more often. 1．Why does the writer start the passage with a question? A．To attract readers’ interest. B．To describe a famous person. C．To help readers understand an idea. D．To tell the background of the writer. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The State of Qin. B．Chinese history. C．The word zhen. D．The phrase guaren. 3．Why did Chinese emperors call themselves guaren? A．Because they were lonely. B．Because they had poor morals. C．Because they were the Sons of Heaven. D．Because they wanted to win people’s hearts. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Before the Qin Dynasty, zhen meant “I” or “me” and only rulers could use it. B．In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”. C．In Chinese culture, people should talk proudly about their abilities and beliefs. D．Historical records show that guaren was still popular after the Tang Dynasty. 5．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Art. B．History. C．Sports. D．Science. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了古代中国皇帝为何自称“朕”或“寡人”。研究表明，“朕”原本是第一人称代词，在秦朝之前人人可用，但秦始皇统一中国后规定只有皇帝能用。此外，皇帝还自称“寡人”以示谦虚，希望赢得民心。然而，“寡人”这一称呼在唐朝后逐渐失宠。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Why did ancient Chinese emperors call themselves zhen (朕) or guaren (寡人)?”可知，作者以提问的方式开篇，其目的是吸引读者的兴趣，引发读者对古代中国皇帝自称“朕”或“寡人”原因的好奇。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“He made it a rule that the word zhen could only be used by the emperor himself. Since then, it has been kept only for rulers.”可知，秦始皇规定“朕”这个词只能由皇帝自己使用，从那以后，这个词就只保留给统治者了。由此可推知，it指代的是“the word zhen”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Ancient rulers hoped to win people’s hearts by calling themselves guaren.”可知，古代统治者希望通过称自己为“寡人”来赢得民心。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the ‘Sons of Heaven’”可知，在古代中国，皇帝自认为是“天子”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了古代中国皇帝的自称及其背后的历史原因，这属于历史范畴。因此，这篇文章最有可能出现在杂志的历史部分。故选B。 Technology has done our world wonders: from development in medicine to our daily lives. It has undoubtedly changed the way our society works, and how we communicate with one another and ourselves. However, by welcoming technology as part of life, are we losing our ability to create? Technology provides a new chance for creativity to exist. Through technology, ideas can be set free and come to life. We have the necessary tools for greater possibilities and new solutions (解决方案). For example, businesses now have the chance to improve themselves more creatively through websites, film advertisements, social media or radio. However, when we look more closely, it’s easy to notice some disadvantages. For example, many of us depend so much on automated calculations (计算器) rather than taking the time to work it out for ourselves. Another situation is that a lot of people are spending too much time on screens. As a result, they are reducing the chances to come up with their own creations. Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity? I think so. It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not prevented by technology. The first way is to reduce our use of electronic products by setting limits on when, where, and how long we use them, turning off the notice on your phone. Once you become used to these, you will feel surprised how little you think about your phone. Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in nature. It can help you refresh and keep going. In the long run (在长期来看), a daily walk can not only influence our creativity and imagination but further our physical and mental health. We can also develop our creativity by doing yoga, keeping a diary, or reading. The actions you choose to take will help change the relationship between creativity and technology for the better. With the right balance, technology can be a good method of improving creativity. 1．Why does the writer ask the underlined question in the beginning? A．To draw the reader’s attention to the topic. B．To show the writer likes technology. C．To tell the reader the importance of technology. D．To prove creativity is more important. 2．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The importance of creativity. B．Good ways to develop technology. C．The relationship between business and creativity. D．The good influence that technology has on creativity. 3．Which way does the writer suggest to balance technology and creativity? A．Using electronic products as much as possible. B．Stopping reading and keeping a diary. C．Taking daily walks in nature. D．Keeping phone notices always on. 4．The structure (结构) of the passage may be ______. A． B． C． D． 5．The writer probably agrees ______. A．limiting the use of our phones can help us develop creativity B．turning off the notice on the phone will make people worried C．spending time on screens is the easiest way to keep people happy D．a daily walk does more good to physical health than to mental health 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文探讨了科技与创造力之间的关系，指出科技既可能促进创造力，也可能抑制创造力，并提出了平衡科技与创造力的方法。 1．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了科技的发展与人类创造力之间的关系，故划线部分“However, by welcoming technology as part of life, are we losing our ability to create?”主要用来引起读者对主题的关注。故选A。 2．段落大意题。第二段主要介绍了科技对创造力的积极影响，例如通过科技，想法可以自由实现，并举例说明了商业如何通过科技提升创造力。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in nature.”可知，作者建议通过每日散步来平衡科技与创造力。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段引出话题，第二段强调技术对创造力的良好影响，第三段介绍一些缺点，第四、五段介绍如何在技术和人类创造力之间找到平衡，第六段总结。全文是总分总结构。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“The first way is to reduce our use of electronic products by setting limits on when, where, and how long we use them, turning off the notice on your phone.”可知，限制手机的使用可以帮助我们发展创造力。故选A。 The Chinese language differs from western languages in that, instead of an alphabet (字母表), it uses characters (汉字) which stand for ideas, objects or deeds (行为). As one kind of the most ancient characters, Chinese characters have played an important part in the development of Chinese culture. Chinese characters began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese characters. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the footprints of animals in the snow and noticed that each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent (代表) different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. The character for a mountain was at first three mountain tops together. This became one mountain top and three lines, and over time turned into the character used nowadays. Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by putting two or more characters together. For example, “rest” was made up of the characters for a man and a tree. The character “prisoner” (囚) was formed (构成) with a “man” inside a square. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. It is easy to distinguish (区别) their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for “up” and “down” which are opposite of each other. Though these kinds of characters show meanings, one of their shortcomings (缺点) is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a way was developed to have one part of a character represent the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used today were made this way. In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters in the hope of making learning to read and write more understandable to a large number of people. And now they have widespread use in China’s mainland. 1．Which is NOT included in the process of inventing the first Chinese characters? A．Watching the footprints of animals. B．Creating shapes of objects. C．Using different shapes. D．Drawing physical objects. 2．Which Chinese character uses the underlined method? A．山 B．竹 C．明     D．妈 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Chinese characters have turned into standard forms, which are easier than before. B．Chinese characters we use today have been accepted by large numbers of people. C．Chinese characters existed (存在) at the very beginning and are still in use today like other ancient symbols. D．Chinese words and English words are both formed by putting alphabets and characters together. 4．Where are simplified Chinese characters widely used now? A．In all countries around the world. B．In ancient China. C．In China’s mainland. D．In western countries. 5．What might be the best title for the passage? A．How to Form Chinese Characters B．The Difference between Chinese and Western Language C．The History of the Chinese Language D．The Development of Chinese Characters 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】 本文介绍了汉字的发展历史，从最初的象形文字到现代的简化字，以及汉字的构成方式和特点。 1．细节理解题。根据“One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the footprints of animals in the snow and noticed that each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects.”可知，创造物体形状不属于最初汉字发明的过程，而是使用不同形状代表物体。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“a way was developed to have one part of a character represent the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation”可知一种方法是让汉字的一部分表示意义，另一部分提示发音，由此推知，“妈”字符合这种方法，其中“女”表示意义，“马”提示发音。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters in the hope of making learning to read and write more understandable to a large number of people. And now they have widespread use in China’s mainland.”可知，今天使用的汉字已被大量人群接受。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“now they have widespread use in China’s mainland”可知，简化汉字现在在中国大陆广泛使用。故选C。 5．标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了汉字从古至今的发展过程，因此最佳标题是“汉字的发展”。故选D。 Chinese animated film Nobody has become a dark horse sweeping the box office this summer. After 29 days, it had made over 1.4 billion yuan. Many people love it, giving it a high score of 8.6 out of 10 on Douban, a famous review website. The story follows a small pig monster who lives in a place called Langlang Mountain. He works hard for the Cave King, but doesn’t know how to please the king and makes him angry. After losing his job, he decides to leave the mountain and teams up with three other small and nameless monsters. Together, they pretend to be the famous group from Journey to the West and start a dangerous journey to grow and find their true selves. The film touches hearts because it shows the hardship of common people. The little monsters face big challenges and laugh at difficulties. Even though they are weak, they fight bravely. Many viewers say they see themselves in these characters. Nobody also stands out for its beautiful art style. Made by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, it uses traditional Chinese painting skills. The soft colors of ink-wash paintings and detailed brushwork create a special, dreamlike world. Scenes like foggy mountains or the fur on the monsters look very real and artistic. The movie also shows respect for Chinese culture. For example, it references (参考) the classic 1986 TV show Journey to the West and ancient buildings from Shanxi Province. These small details make the story feel both old and new. Nobody is more than just a movie. It shows that Chinese stories can be told in fresh, exciting ways. As one viewer said, “The real hero is someone who keeps trying, even when things are tough.” This simple but powerful message makes Nobody a must-watch for everyone. 1．What is the main theme of Nobody? A．Journey of famous monsters B．Traditional painting skills C．A famous king’s story D．Growth and self-discovery 2．What does “nameless” probably mean? A．Noticed B．Not paid attention to C．Hated D．Praised 3．Which is NOT mentioned as a reason for the film’s success? A．Art style B．Chinese culture C．Famous director D．Characters like us 4．What is the message of Nobody? A．Only strong people can be heroes. B．Giving up is the best choice. C．Keeping trying makes a real hero. D．Famous stories are always better. 5．How does the film present Chinese culture? A．With creativity and energy B．Only through traditional methods C．By copying other movies D．Using only old stories 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国电影《小疯子》。 1．主旨大意题。根据“Together, they pretend to be the famous group from Journey to the West and start a dangerous journey to grow and find their true selves.”他们一起假装是《西游记》中的著名组合，开始了一段危险的成长之旅，找到真正的自己。因此电影的主题是成长和找到真正的自己。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The story follows a small pig monster who lives in a place called...”以及下文“...they pretend to be the...”可知他们都是默默无闻的小妖怪，不被人重视。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The film touches hearts because it shows the hardship of common people...Nobody also stands out for its beautiful art style...The movie also shows respect for Chinese culture. ”可知文章提到了电影的寓意，艺术风格，文化，但是未提到导演。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“The real hero is someone who keeps trying, even when things are tough”可知电影要传递的信息是：真正的英雄是那些即使在困难的时候也会不断尝试的人。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Made by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, it uses traditional Chinese painting skills...”可知电影用创造力和活力展示了中国文化。故选A。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (青岛专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 说明文,种植与养殖 2 适中 中华文化,科普知识,说明文 3 适中 说明文,文化差异,词句猜测,推理判断,细节理解 4 适中 说明文,音乐与舞蹈 5 适中 科普知识,说明文 6 适中 信息安全,说明文,词句猜测,主旨大意,推理判断,细节理解 7 较易 中华文化,说明文,颜色 8 较难 科普知识,说明文,常见动物 9 困难 说明文,植物 10 适中 说明文,发明与创造 11 较易 说明文,科学技术 12 适中 中华文化,历史人物,说明文 13 较难 说明文,科学技术 14 较难 中华文化,说明文,语言与文化 15 较易 中华文化,说明文 【中考真题】 At M. E. School in Tucson, Arizona, raising fish at school was one small answer to a big problem: many people in the neighborhood didn’t have enough food. The students could eat breakfast and lunch at school, but their families didn’t always have enough money for dinner. Buying fresh foods, such as vegetables and meat, was difficult. The teachers had an idea: could the students raise food at school for the neighborhood? It wouldn’t be easy. There isn’t enough water in Tucson because it is in a desert. Soil (土壤) doesn’t always have the nutrients (营养) that plants need to grow, so the students would need natural helpers. To solve the problem, the school set up a system in which fish poop makes plants grow better and the plants’ roots (根) clean the water in the fish tank. Students do research on the fish. “I did a task in the project on how much tilapia eat.” says Emmanuel. “We wanted to see if they preferred to eat in warm or cold water. They liked warm water better.” Fish aren’t the only animals that help students feed their neighbors. Chickens lay eggs. Bees also come to help turn flowers into vegetables. When the students have raised enough food, it’s time for Market Day. Vegetables are given to people in the neighborhood for free. Students sell eggs and tilapia to raise money for seeds (种子), fish food and chicken food. “People don’t have a lot of money, so it’s a nice dream we have to give them food. It’s also a chance to be healthy and eat better.” says Emmanuel. “We can plant good food and have fun while we’re doing something important,” says Blanks. “I’m so happy to be at this school.” 1．Why did the teachers at M. E. School decide to raise food for the neighborhood? ①The families in the neighborhood were poor. ②People there wanted a market for fresh foods. ③Students wanted to learn bow to grow vegetables. ④The natural condition isn’t proper for growing plants. A．①③ B．②④ C．①④ D．②③ 2．Which picture can describe the project according to the passage? A． B． C． D． 3．Which word can be used to describe the project in the school? A．Traditional. B．Creative. C．Professional. D．Private. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The project has been widely spread. B．Eggs and tilapia are sold at a good price. C．The project brings the students a feeling of pride. D．Students have raised enough money to buy vegetables. 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．A Story of Helping the Poor. B．An Experience in the Desert. C．A Project from Seeds to Sales. D．A Dream of Giving Vegetables. Chinese New Year Painting, or nianhua in Chinese, is a kind of traditional paintings to be put up on walls and windows during the Spring Festival. Its bright colors and different subjects show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth. Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original(最初的)form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year arrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people’s everyday life. As time went by, people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly. Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in four steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch(素描)on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples(样品). Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on the wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready. There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings… 1．Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting? A．A picture of babies. B．A picture of a door god. C．A picture of women. D．A picture of the Kitchen God. 2．Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the 1980s? Because people __________. A．wanted something that was full of art B．found New Year paintings unimportant C．thought the door god couldn’t bring good luck D．found it hard to produce New Year paintings 3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．How artists add color to the sample. B．What woodblock New Year paintings reflect. C．How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings. D．Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper. 4．In which part of a magazine can you read this text? A．Culture. B．Nature. C．Education. D．Health. 5．What will the writer probably write next? A．The history of Chinese New Year Painting. B．The development of Chinese New Year Painting. C．The process of creating Chinese New Year Painting. D．The introduction to main themes of Chinese New Year Painting. 【热点话题练习】 Sometimes, using hand gestures can bring more information and be more convenient than words, especially when you are speaking to someone with no language in common. But the same gesture can mean something quite nasty and offensive (冒犯的) to a person from a different cultural background. “V” Shape In many countries, if you have your index and middle fingers pointed up in the “V” shape, it stands for winning. However, when you make the sign, be sure to have the front of your palm facing outward instead of inward, because showing people the back of your hand is impolite in some countries like the UK and Australia. Finger Snap (打响指) Snapping your thumb and middle finger over and over may mean one is trying to remind someone of something forgotten. While in Latin America snapping them means asking one to hurry up. But one thing you should remember is that, in many cultures, snapping fingers close to someone’s face is considered to be an offensive gesture. Fingers Crossed Crossing the index and middle fingers is regarded as a sign of wishing for good luck or fortune. At other times, people cross their fingers before telling a lie, as it is believed to countervail (抵消) the bad things coming from the lie. So it is both a positive and negative symbol. ILY sign This is always a nice hand gesture from American Sign Language. It combines the letters “I”, “L” and “Y” to mean “I love you.” People use this gesture very often to show their love for their family, friends and all the other people they love. 1．When you make the sign “V”, it’s ________ to show people the back of your hand in the UK. A．victory B．peace C．polite D．rude 2．The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A．thumb and middle finger B．thumb and index finger C．thumb and palm D．thumb and pinky 3．On Mother’s Day, ________ can best show love to your mom instead of words. A． B． C． D． 4．The writer mentioned so many different hand gestures to ________. A．tell the differences between American and Chinese cultures B．warn people to be careful when using a hand gesture C．ask people not to worry about making wrong gestures D．encourage people to use hand gestures more 5．From the passage we can know that ________. A．“V” shape sign means reminding someone of something forgotten B．fingers crossed is always considered as a positive sign C．ILY sign is often used to wish for good luck and fortune D．snapping fingers close to someone’s face may be impolite When watching sports events, we often notice athletes wearing earphones while preparing in the locker room or entering the stadium. They keep their eyes shut, and gently nod along the beats. It seems the music is giving them power and cheering them up for the competition. We sometimes do the same. You might have a list of favorite songs for your morning exercises. But is there any science behind such practices? According to a recent research, it turns out there is. Music actually does make us feel powerful, but not all songs have the same effect. Some people were made to listen to 31 songs of different kinds. The listeners felt powerful after listening to some songs, such as Queen’s We Will Rock You and 2 Unlimited’s Get Ready for This. Researchers also found that high-power music made people want to take control in social events and come first in competition. That matters a lot in sports. “It’s commonly said that sports are 90% mental (精神的) and only 10% physical,” The Huffington Post reported. Great athletes know this idea well. NBA player Kobe Bryant, for example, often puts on big headphones and even falls into deep thought to boost (提升) his game and reduce his anxiety. As for the reason for music’s magical power, there is one possible explanation: when people hear music that expresses a sense of power, they mimic (模拟) these feelings in their mind. In another research, researchers found that pop music was perfect for slower, more repetitive tasks, making pop songs the correct choice. 1．What is the main purpose of the first paragraph? A．To introduce favorite songs for morning exercises. B．To lead in the topic that music matters in sports. C．To give an example of athletes’ daily life. D．To explain how to choose music. 2．Which of the following is wrong about the research on music? A．All songs have the same effect on making people feel powerful. B．Athletes often wear earphones before the competition. C．Some songs like Queen’s We Will Rock You can make listeners feel powerful. D．High-power music can make people want to take control in social events. 3．Why does Kobe Bryant often put on big headphones? A．To block out noise. B．To show his fashion sense. C．To boost his game and reduce anxiety. D．To listen to the coach’s instructions better. 4．What kind of music is suitable for the worker who does the same work over and over again every day? A．Classical music. B．Rock music. C．Pop music. D．Country music. 5．What is the possible explanation for music’s magical power? A．It makes people more physically fit. B．It directly affects people’s muscles. C．It changes the environment around people. D．People mimic powerful feelings in their mind when hearing certain music. “If you feel like sleeping more in the winter, you’re not alone,” said Dr. Raj Dasgupta, a professor in California. For a long time, we thought that the seasons had little influence on human sleep compared with animals. However, a study coming out in February 2023 found that was not the case. The 188 patients who took part in studies got 30 more minutes of rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep during winter. The REM stage of sleep is the sweet period of sleep cycles (周期), during which people have more dreams and experience faster heartbeat and breathing than in other stages. It’s “an important stage of sleep that helps with our attention, feelings and immune function,” Dasgupta said. The strong feeling for more sleep during winter may have to do with how light changes around the year. “When it is bright outside, we are likely to be active, but when the sun goes down, we may feel tired,” Dasgupta said. “The decrease in sunlight leads to an increase in melatonin (褪黑激素), which controls our sleep-wake cycles.” As melatonin is produced earlier during winter, “it would be natural to suppose that a healthy person also would need more sleep during winter,” said Dr. Carleara Weiss, another expert. And light influences not only how much sleep we need but also how well we sleep. “REM sleep is highly influenced by light and darkness, so when during the winter months we have less light, the body is going to overcompensate (过度补偿) by giving more REM sleep,” said Dr. Joshua Tal, a psychologist in New York. “Yet, humans still don’t need to hibernate (冬眠) like many other animals,” Weiss said. “But we can change ourselves to perform in a better way, and to rest in a better way during winter,” she said. “To help our bodies change from sleep to wake more easily, it’s important to have light exposure in the morning during winter months,” Weiss said. “Along with that, it’s important to keep fixed bedtime and wake-up time.” 1．What happens in the REM period of sleep according to Paragraph 2? A．Faster breathing. B．Less dreaming. C．More attention. D．Slower heart beat. 2．How does the light influence our sleep according to paragraphs 3 and 4? ①By making us strong.         ②By changing our melatonin. ③By driving us mad.         ④By influencing REM sleep. A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 3．Which of the following would Weiss most probably agree with? A．Hibernating is also a good choice for humans. B．A healthy person doesn’t need more sleep in winter. C．We’d better reduce our sleep time in winter months. D．It’s helpful to change our way of work and rest in winter. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The process of relaxing. B．The way to adapt (适应) ourselves. C．The plan of increasing sleep. D．The theory of REM sleep. 5．What’s the purpose of this text? A．To show us how sunlight works in winter. B．To tell us how to deal with sleeping problems. C．To explain why people have more sleep in winter. D．To compare the sleep of humans and other animals. In the modern world, people have to remember passwords for everything, from their email to online banking and internet shopping. So it’s easy to understand that many of us would pick something simple and easy for our passwords. A leaked (泄露的) Yahoo database (数据库) showed that the most popular passwords are still “123456” and “password”. Easy ones like “qwerty” and “abc123” are also among the top 10, reported the Daily Mail. Other top passwords include “welcome”, “sunshine” and “ninja”. Many more used a simple combination of their name, age, or birthday. These people are trying to make life easy for themselves. But they are also making it easy for hackers (黑客) to break into their accounts (账户), experts warned. Researchers from UK’s Lancaster University, as well as Peking and Fujian normal universities in China, did a test on passwords. They tried to guess passwords based on people’s different personal information. They guessed passwords for more than 73 percent of common users’ accounts. Hackers could even break a third of the harder passwords in 100 guesses, reported Daily Mail. So how can you make your passwords safer? Researchers have some tips for you. Upper-casing (大写) your password is a good start. Adding numbers and symbols to your password can also be of great help. Choose a nine-letter password that includes numbers and symbols. This would take a hacker’s computer hundreds of years to break! Never use personal information as a password. Use different passwords for different accounts. Experts suggest that a user should change the password every 90 days to keep hackers guessing. 1．Which of the following is probably the most common password? A．123456 B．abc123 C．welcome 2．How do you understand the underlined word “combination”? A．An instrument made to perform. B．A piece of underwear covering the body. C．A group of numbers or letters mixed together. 3．What does the test in Paragraph 3 show us? A．About 1/3 of simple passwords can be guessed. B．Passwords from personal information make life easier. C．Passwords from personal information can be easily guessed. 4．Which password is safer according to the passage? A．a6#0y9b B．U7!fk2xRn C．4831920rl 5．Tom has many different accounts. What should he do? A．Use different strong passwords for each. B．Use one strong password for all accounts. C．Use simple but different passwords for each. Colors are here and there. People think different colors have different meanings. Here are four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture. Green In most cultures, green represents (代表) nature and is a calm color. However, in modern Chinese culture, green has a negative meaning. For example, when you say “His face looks green.”, it means he doesn’t look well. Yellow In ancient China, yellow represented power. Only the emperor could wear clothes of this color. Yellow was also considered as a natural color. The Yellow River, the second longest river in China, got its name from the yellowish soil (土) in it. Now, when yellow is used in a sentence, it means someone fails and that something doesn’t go as planned. For example, when you ask people how their relationship is going, they might say “huang le”, which means they’ve broken up. Red Red is considered as one of the luckiest colors in Chinese culture. In ancient China, the royal (皇室的) family wore bright red. In modern China, red is often seen at celebrations like weddings and festivals. Red also describes someone who is very popular. White In ancient China, white was considered as common people’s color. Back then, only the rich could afford to make colorful clothes. Common people couldn’t afford that, so most of their clothes were white. Now people still enjoy white clothes, but they sometimes connect white with bad things. It is connected with scary things like death. 1．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 1? A．To make a comparison. B．To show the result. C．To introduce the topic. D．To express an opinion. 2．Which word has the similar meaning to the word “negative”? A．Bad. B．Clear. C．Deep. D．Wrong. 3．Which color best describes a popular person? A．Yellow. B．Green. C．Red. D．White. 4．What can we know about white according to the text? A．It is popular but harmful sometimes. B．It is common but unlucky sometimes. C．It is unusual and expensive. D．It is general and natural. 5．What is the main idea of the text? A．The development of four colors. B．Four colors in different cultures. C．How to use colors in Chinese culture. D．Four colors and their meanings in Chinese culture. Have you ever looked at a cat’s face and wondered what it is thinking? A team of scientists from the University of California might have some answers. In a fascinating new study, researchers discovered that cats use 276 different facial expressions to show their feelings—far more than we have ever imagined! ①________ The scientists visited a local cat cafe in Los Angeles for over several months to observe (观察) 53 cats. They recorded 194 minutes of videos, carefully watching how the cats communicate with each other. Using a special system called FACS (Facial Action Coding System), which is normally used to study human expressions, they identified 26 unique facial movements in cats. These movements—like licking (舔) their nose, opening their mouth, or widening their pupils (the black part of their eyes)—combine in different ways to create all those expressions. They also found cats use 26 of these facial movements in total, which can be mixed to express how they are feeling. Dogs use 27 facial movements and humans use a total of 44. ②________ Out of the expressions they recorded, 45% were friendly and 37% were angry. “A friendly cat moves its ears and whiskers forward while closing its eyes slowly—almost like a smile! However, an angry cat often flattens its ears to its head, makes its pupils smaller and licks its lips,” said the team. ③________ Although the researchers aren’t sure what the cats were trying to communicate with each other using their faces, they plan to study cats in other places to improve their understanding. They also hope that the research could help animal shelters (收容所) improve the way they look after the cats. Some pet owners even suggest the researchers develop an app that scans a cat’s face to explain its mood—like a “cat translator”. Next time your cat stares at you, pay attention—it might be “talking” with its face! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By giving numbers. B．By telling a story. C．By showing some facts. D．By asking a question. 2．Which of the following uses the most facial movements? A．Cats. B．Humans. C．Dogs. D．Tigers. 3．Match the title with each part. a. Why Does This Matter?     b. Friendly Faces or Angry Faces? c. How Did They Study Cats?     d. Future Research on Cat Communication. A．①-a ②-b ③-d B．①-b ②-c ③-a C．①-c ②-b ③-d D．①-d ②-b ③-c 4．What might the scientists do next? A．Keep on studying to know more about cats. B．Find out why the cats try to communicate with each other. C．Build an animal shelter to look after cats. D．Use an app to study cats’ expressions. 5．What would be the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Try to think about this: you sit down and begin to eat a tomato. Suddenly, the tomato starts to scream! This thing would never really happen. But a new study showed that plants make sounds when they are stressed. Scientists in Israel did the study. They used ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) to record the sounds of tomato plants in boxes. Three groups of plants were observed: one group wasn’t watered for five days; another was touched; a third group had its stems (茎) cut. The first two groups made sounds 30 to 50 times every hour, while the third group only made a sound once every hour. “When tomatoes are not stressed at all, they are very quiet,” scientists from the study team told CNN. The researchers don’t know how the sounds are made, but they believe the noise comes from the breaking of air bubbles in the plants. Scientists also believe that animals and insects may listen to the sounds. For example, the sound can tell them that the plant is stressed and not good for laying eggs on. When an animal wants to eat plants, it can also use sound to choose which to eat. After the experiment, the researchers listened to other plants such as wheat, corn and trees and found they also made more sounds when stressed. Researchers said the study can help farmers in the future, as they can better take care of the crops (庄稼) by “hearing” how plants feel. 1．A new study showed that ________. A．tomatoes often felt stressed B．some tomatoes could cry C．plants could make sounds when stressed D．plants could communicate with people 2．According to scientists, by hearing the sounds, animals can ________. A．feel as stressed as the plants B．know when to help the plants relax C．pick out the best plants to use or eat D．protect themselves from dangerous plants 3．What’s the genre (体裁) of this passage? A．An exposition which gives a full explanation of a theory (理论). B．A drama which has some kinds of performance. C．A profile which gives facts about a person. D．A comedy which makes people laugh. 4．How can the study help farmers? A．It can help them grow healthy crops. B．It can help them stay safe while planting crops. C．It shows them a way to talk to their crops. D．It makes it more fun to work in the fields. 5．The passage is written to ________. A．let farmers listen to plants’ sounds B．teach people how to care for plants C．call for help to save the stressed plants D．tell readers plants can show feelings by sounds There are many great inventions in ancient China, do you want to know something about them? Let’s have a look: China, the Hometown of China (瓷器) Procelain called china, is one of China’s great inventions and treasures of the world. The first porcelain in China was made in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The main material of porcelain is clay and the surface of it is glaze (釉). Both need to be fired at a high temperature. During Tang and Song dynasties, porcelain was the earliest customized luxury (奢侈) goods that were sold abroad so China was called “a nation of porcelain”. The Legend of Silk The invention of silk is said to date back 5,000 years. The wife of Emperor Huang, Leizu, brought the sericulture (养蚕) technology to the central China. In ancient times, silk was usually made from real silk thread spat by silkworms. Silk was soft, smooth and light, so it was often used in instruments. It was valuable in ancient Chinese societies and trade networks. The Four Treasures of the Study Proudly, the four treasures of the study were all invented in China. They include the brush, ink, Xuan paper and inkstone. The brush serves as the primary tool for writing is cherished for its graceful strokes (笔触). Ink, as the material for writing, remains its deep and pleasant smell through the time. Xuan paper, where the characters are written, is light yet strong. The inkstone comes in different shapes, It is used to grind (磨) the ink before writing. 1．In which section of the newspaper can we read the news? A．TECHNOLOGY B．HISTORY C．CULTURE D．TRAVEL 2．It’s clear that porcelain ________. A．is only made of clay and glaze B．was popular with common people in the Tang Dynasty C．was first traded during the Eastern Han Dynasty D．was connected to the overseas trade 3．Silk was found valuable because ________. A．it served in many parts of society B．it was the softest and lightest material C．the silkworms were hard to raise D．it’s one of the earliest luxury goods 4．How can people use “the four treasures of the study”? ①Wash the brush with the inkstone,    ②Write on the silk. ③Grind the smelly inkstone.         ④Grind the ink. ⑤Lay out the Xuan paper and write.  ⑥Hold the brush with ink. A．③④⑤ B．①②③ C．②③⑥ D．④⑤⑥ 5．Through the news above, the writer might want to introduce ________. A．Emperor Huang’s story B．inventions in ancient China C．the rise of ancient Chinese trade D．the wisdom of Chinese people DeepSeek-R1, a new AI model (模型) developed by the Chinese company DeepSeek, has rocked the AI industry around the world. Open to the public on Jan.20, it quickly beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and topped the Apple’s App Store by Jan.27. According to DeepSeek, in tasks like math and natural language reasoning, the performance of this model matches that of the leading models from big companies like OpenAI. But it’s much cheaper and uses much less computing power. The report on its earlier V3 model showed that DeepSeek is the least expensive among large language models. It costs about 5.57 million US dollars (about 40.58 million yuan) to make it. Behind the lower cost is the introduction of a new idea in R1’s training. Different from traditional methods such as CoT (思维链) and SFT (监督微调), DeepSeek uses R1 (强化学习) as the main training method. While CoT depends on step-by-step reasoning and SFT on huge amounts of data (数据), R1 allows developing reasoning skills in a natural way, making it better suited for difficult and changing tasks. The AI industry’s development has long depended on “making computing power bigger”. “By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure, DeepSeek may change the AI field,” pointed out the US bank Morgan Stanley. “Bigger is not always better,” said the bank. What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source. Everyone is free to use the model’s code (代码) and make changes to suit their own needs. “We won’t choose closed-source,” said Liang Wenfeng, the founder of DeepSeek. He highlights the importance of sharing knowledge, building a healthy field and helping the progress of technology. “That is the power of open research.” Meta’s chief AI scientist Yann LeCun agreed. 1．What is the great advantage of DeepSeek-R1? A．It’s totally new. B．It’s at the top of App Store list. C．It’s much cheaper than other models. D．It’s developed by a Chinese company. 2．How does the writer develop paragraph 3? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing. C．By giving examples. D．By giving reasons. 3．How will DeepSeek change the AI field according to Morgan Stanley? A．By making computing power bigger. B．By developing reasoning skills in a natural way. C．By sharing knowledge and building a healthy field. D．By increasing the data quality and improving the model structure. 4．What does the underlined word “highlights” in the last paragraph mean? A．强调 B．标记 C．亮点 D．挑染 5．Which would be the best title for the passage? A．OpenAI: A Competitor of DeepSeek B．DeepSeek-R1: Rocking the AI World C．DeepSeek: Changing the Way We Think D．AI Model: A Great Change to the World Why did ancient Chinese emperors call themselves zhen (朕) or guaren (寡人)? Research shows that the word zhen used to be a first-person pronoun. Before the Qin Dynasty, it meant “I” or “me” and everyone from farmers to state rulers could use it. The word can be found in books like Li Sao and Shi Jing. However, when the state of Qin defeated all the other six states and unified China, Qinshihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history, changed how this word could be used. He made it a rule that the word zhen could only be used by the emperor himself. Since then, it has been kept only for rulers. Chinese emperors also called themselves guaren. In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”, and believed they had a “Mandate of Heaven” to rule. However, if the “Son of Heaven” was found to have poor morals (德行), they would lose the mandate (统治权). So, the rulers used the phrase guaren or guadezhiren, meaning “a person with little virtue (美德)”. In this way, they could show their modesty (谦虚). In Chinese culture, people should not talk proudly about their own abilities or beliefs. Modesty is seen as a virtue. Ancient rulers hoped to win people’s hearts by calling themselves guaren. However, historical records show that guaren lost its popularity after the Tang Dynasty. The emperors of the following dynasties used zhen more often. 1．Why does the writer start the passage with a question? A．To attract readers’ interest. B．To describe a famous person. C．To help readers understand an idea. D．To tell the background of the writer. 2．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The State of Qin. B．Chinese history. C．The word zhen. D．The phrase guaren. 3．Why did Chinese emperors call themselves guaren? A．Because they were lonely. B．Because they had poor morals. C．Because they were the Sons of Heaven. D．Because they wanted to win people’s hearts. 4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．Before the Qin Dynasty, zhen meant “I” or “me” and only rulers could use it. B．In ancient China, emperors regarded themselves as the “Sons of Heaven”. C．In Chinese culture, people should talk proudly about their abilities and beliefs. D．Historical records show that guaren was still popular after the Tang Dynasty. 5．In which part of a magazine can you read the text? A．Art. B．History. C．Sports. D．Science. Technology has done our world wonders: from development in medicine to our daily lives. It has undoubtedly changed the way our society works, and how we communicate with one another and ourselves. However, by welcoming technology as part of life, are we losing our ability to create? Technology provides a new chance for creativity to exist. Through technology, ideas can be set free and come to life. We have the necessary tools for greater possibilities and new solutions (解决方案). For example, businesses now have the chance to improve themselves more creatively through websites, film advertisements, social media or radio. However, when we look more closely, it’s easy to notice some disadvantages. For example, many of us depend so much on automated calculations (计算器) rather than taking the time to work it out for ourselves. Another situation is that a lot of people are spending too much time on screens. As a result, they are reducing the chances to come up with their own creations. Is there a way to find a balance between technology and human creativity? I think so. It is simply a matter of making sure that creativity is not prevented by technology. The first way is to reduce our use of electronic products by setting limits on when, where, and how long we use them, turning off the notice on your phone. Once you become used to these, you will feel surprised how little you think about your phone. Another wonderful way is to take daily walks in nature. It can help you refresh and keep going. In the long run (在长期来看), a daily walk can not only influence our creativity and imagination but further our physical and mental health. We can also develop our creativity by doing yoga, keeping a diary, or reading. The actions you choose to take will help change the relationship between creativity and technology for the better. With the right balance, technology can be a good method of improving creativity. 1．Why does the writer ask the underlined question in the beginning? A．To draw the reader’s attention to the topic. B．To show the writer likes technology. C．To tell the reader the importance of technology. D．To prove creativity is more important. 2．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The importance of creativity. B．Good ways to develop technology. C．The relationship between business and creativity. D．The good influence that technology has on creativity. 3．Which way does the writer suggest to balance technology and creativity? A．Using electronic products as much as possible. B．Stopping reading and keeping a diary. C．Taking daily walks in nature. D．Keeping phone notices always on. 4．The structure (结构) of the passage may be ______. A． B． C． D． 5．The writer probably agrees ______. A．limiting the use of our phones can help us develop creativity B．turning off the notice on the phone will make people worried C．spending time on screens is the easiest way to keep people happy D．a daily walk does more good to physical health than to mental health The Chinese language differs from western languages in that, instead of an alphabet (字母表), it uses characters (汉字) which stand for ideas, objects or deeds (行为). As one kind of the most ancient characters, Chinese characters have played an important part in the development of Chinese culture. Chinese characters began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese characters. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the footprints of animals in the snow and noticed that each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent (代表) different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. The character for a mountain was at first three mountain tops together. This became one mountain top and three lines, and over time turned into the character used nowadays. Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by putting two or more characters together. For example, “rest” was made up of the characters for a man and a tree. The character “prisoner” (囚) was formed (构成) with a “man” inside a square. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. It is easy to distinguish (区别) their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for “up” and “down” which are opposite of each other. Though these kinds of characters show meanings, one of their shortcomings (缺点) is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a way was developed to have one part of a character represent the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used today were made this way. In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters in the hope of making learning to read and write more understandable to a large number of people. And now they have widespread use in China’s mainland. 1．Which is NOT included in the process of inventing the first Chinese characters? A．Watching the footprints of animals. B．Creating shapes of objects. C．Using different shapes. D．Drawing physical objects. 2．Which Chinese character uses the underlined method? A．山 B．竹 C．明     D．妈 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Chinese characters have turned into standard forms, which are easier than before. B．Chinese characters we use today have been accepted by large numbers of people. C．Chinese characters existed (存在) at the very beginning and are still in use today like other ancient symbols. D．Chinese words and English words are both formed by putting alphabets and characters together. 4．Where are simplified Chinese characters widely used now? A．In all countries around the world. B．In ancient China. C．In China’s mainland. D．In western countries. 5．What might be the best title for the passage? A．How to Form Chinese Characters B．The Difference between Chinese and Western Language C．The History of the Chinese Language D．The Development of Chinese Characters Chinese animated film Nobody has become a dark horse sweeping the box office this summer. After 29 days, it had made over 1.4 billion yuan. Many people love it, giving it a high score of 8.6 out of 10 on Douban, a famous review website. The story follows a small pig monster who lives in a place called Langlang Mountain. He works hard for the Cave King, but doesn’t know how to please the king and makes him angry. After losing his job, he decides to leave the mountain and teams up with three other small and nameless monsters. Together, they pretend to be the famous group from Journey to the West and start a dangerous journey to grow and find their true selves. The film touches hearts because it shows the hardship of common people. The little monsters face big challenges and laugh at difficulties. Even though they are weak, they fight bravely. Many viewers say they see themselves in these characters. Nobody also stands out for its beautiful art style. Made by Shanghai Animation Film Studio, it uses traditional Chinese painting skills. The soft colors of ink-wash paintings and detailed brushwork create a special, dreamlike world. Scenes like foggy mountains or the fur on the monsters look very real and artistic. The movie also shows respect for Chinese culture. For example, it references (参考) the classic 1986 TV show Journey to the West and ancient buildings from Shanxi Province. These small details make the story feel both old and new. Nobody is more than just a movie. It shows that Chinese stories can be told in fresh, exciting ways. As one viewer said, “The real hero is someone who keeps trying, even when things are tough.” This simple but powerful message makes Nobody a must-watch for everyone. 1．What is the main theme of Nobody? A．Journey of famous monsters B．Traditional painting skills C．A famous king’s story D．Growth and self-discovery 2．What does “nameless” probably mean? A．Noticed B．Not paid attention to C．Hated D．Praised 3．Which is NOT mentioned as a reason for the film’s success? A．Art style B．Chinese culture C．Famous director D．Characters like us 4．What is the message of Nobody? A．Only strong people can be heroes. B．Giving up is the best choice. C．Keeping trying makes a real hero. D．Famous stories are always better. 5．How does the film present Chinese culture? A．With creativity and energy B．Only through traditional methods C．By copying other movies D．Using only old stories 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $