Unit 1 Nature in the balance 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 1 Nature in the balance 教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 重点词汇 1．overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.向(在)海外，向(在)国外 2．continent n．大陆，陆地；洲 3．species n．种，物种 4．beneath prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上 5．mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 6．towering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 7．nutrient n．营养素，营养物 8．thus adv.因此，从而；这样 9．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 10．damage vt.& n．损坏，破坏；损害，伤害 11．climate n．气候，倾向，风气 12．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 13．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 14．nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不 15．chief n．首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的 16．protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 17．process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 18．policy n．政策，方针；原则 19．branch n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 20．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 21．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 22．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 23．official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 24．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 词汇拓展 1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2．region n．地区，区域；行政区→regional adj.地区的 3．length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→long adj.长的 4．variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→vary v．变化→various adj.多种多样的 5．living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式→live v．活着→lively adj.活泼的 6．survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．幸存 7．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失→appear vi.出现 8．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的 9．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的 10．global adj.全球的；全面的→globe n．球体 11．application n．应用，运用；申请→apply v．申请；应用 12．organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n．组织者 13．absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→absolute adj.绝对的；完全的 14．entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→entire adj.完全的 15．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处→profitable adj.有利润的，盈利的 16．defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt.保护 17．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economy n．经济 18．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 19．chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n．化学 20．consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequent adj.随之而来的→consequently adv.结果 21．further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进→far adj.&adv.远的→furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地→farther adj.& adv.更远的/地 重点词组 1．in turn 相应地，转而2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)3．breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力4．due to由于，因为5．build up逐渐增加，扩大6．cut down砍倒 7．at least 至少8．in danger of处于……的危险中9．come up with 想出，想到10．call for (公开)要求；需要11．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到)12．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 13．give rise to 使发生(或存在)14．leave out 漏掉15．take part in 参加16．divide...into... 把……分成……17．sign up 报名18．in defence of 为了保护……19．point out 指出20．be concerned about 担心……21．search for 寻找……22．hand in hand 手拉手 重点句型 1．亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6 400千米…… The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is about 6,400 kilometres in length... 2．在人类知道的三十九万植物物种中，超过四万种可以在亚马孙雨林中找到。 Of the 390,000 plant species known to man，more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. 3．在那上面是很多在黑暗的森林地面上大量的落叶。 Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 4．雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。 Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things. 5．如果没人去怎么办？ What if nobody goes? 6．因为人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals. 7．今晚在演播室的是詹姆斯·史密斯，一个当地居民；文森·特布朗，当地工厂的高级经理；朱莉·阿切尔，诺盖特环保委员会的领导。 Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee. 8．我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括使用新技术、减少生产过程的污染，即使这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 We’ve been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs. 9．随着污染水平的提高，诺盖特环保委员会正在寻求方法来战胜这个问题。 With pollution levels on the rise，the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. 语法 省略 一.单词拼写（20分） 1．As we all know，there are seven in the world. 2．He has returned to South Africa from his long (海外的) trip. 3．We don’t own the building. ，we have no right to enter it. 4．As a matter of fact，what you do has a great on wildlife. 5．I’m looking forward to seeing his (出色的)performance. 6．The strong wind blew away the good ，leaving only sand. 7．As we all know，this plant draws (营养素)from the soil. 8．She enjoyed feeling the warm sand (在……下面) her feet. 9．Later he had to make a by selling newspapers in that region. 10．They were so lucky that they the terrible earthquake. 11．Old papers should be by us in order to save energy. 12．As we all know，getting fit again is a long slow (过程)． 13．The local government is trying to get the poor villagers out of . 14．It is said that the large company has a lot of all over the world. 15．Some of the animals’ (栖息地) were damaged by some farmers. 16．In fact，the (居民) in this region were against the new policy. 17．After arriving there，he joined an aiming to help the homeless. 18． can you find a more beautiful place than this old town. 19．In the (以前的) case，I won’t give up my dream so easily. 20．He told me that the new book referred to some useful learning (策略)． 二.单句语法填空（35分） 1．The young man was forced to leave the company due this mistake. 2．We decided to hold a party in celebration of his (survive)． 3．In fact，the young volunteers have breathed life the old club. 4．As we all know，Chinese food is famous for its wide (vary)． 5．How many factory workers are danger of losing their jobs now? 6．It is obvious that the polluted air in this region is (harm) to our health. 7．The villagers were mending the roof (damage) by the strong wind. 8．He was surprised at the (disappear) of many species of plants from our planet. 9．The organization has made a formal protest the nuclear testing. 10．He is the person (track) me as far as the factory the other day. 11．While he was looking through the papers，a good idea sprang mind. 12．I was unwilling to accept the job calling much effort and time. 13．The manager wanted to see the girl who had come up w th this good idea. 14．What will you do in (defend) of the living things in this region？ 15. Climate changes could have terrible (consequent) for farmers. 16．As a matter of fact，some of their new products are highly (profit)． 17．The smoke rising from the factory will do damage your health. 18．To be honest，what you said had no impact the children here. 19．He is looking into the (disappear) of the species. 20．The children stood up to recite the poem turn that day. 21．Most of us were surprised at his (survive) in that situation. 22．He often told us the (variety) insects he saw in the forest. 23．The villagers stayed in the shelter enough food was offered. 24．Among the people (be) a little boy surviving the earthquake. 25．The workers went to repair the houses (damage) in the heavy rain. 26．He has some money in his pocket，with he will buy her some books. 27．He decided to send his son abroad for (far) education. 28．The (consequent) of global warming will be very terrible. 29．The expert talked of the (apply) of the new technology. 30．When I’m reading a book， (absolute) nothing can get my attention. 31．Towns only a few miles apart can have (entire) different dialects. 32．He advised me to try my best to get rid my bad habits as soon as possible. 33．You mustn’t take something that is (poison) to that centre. 34．It is natural that a mayor should pay more attention to the (economy) development. 35.Some valuable ancient cultural relics 　　　　　(damage) while only a few have survived over the past few years.  三.完成句子（20分） 1．Among the people were some students . 在那些人当中有一些对农业感兴趣的学生。 2．He was observing the insects at the time. 当时他正在观察被那种液体杀死的昆虫。 3．Tom is a hard­working student， . 汤姆是个学习刻苦的学生，他的父母为他感到自豪。 4． your name in the form. 在表格里写下你的名字并无害处。 5．The young boy does some jogging every day. 那个年轻男孩每天慢跑来增强体质。 6． ，things can go wrong. 即使赛事筹划得很细致，事情仍可能出错。 7．The old woman often recycles the old materials and . 那位老太太经常再利用那些旧材料，我也是。 8．The great scientist walked into the hall， . 那位伟大的科学家走进大厅，后面跟着他的粉丝们。 9．I’m not sure. ? 我不是很确定。要是他不同意我们的新计划怎么办？ 10.被邀请参加晚会是极大的荣幸。(it) to the evening party.  四．语法训练（25分） A.用省略结构改写下列各句（5分） 1．He won’t attend the party even if he is invited. He won’t attend the party . 2．Mistakes，if there are any，should be corrected. Mistakes， ，should be corrected. 3．The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. is well worth reading. 4．When he was in America，he made many friends with the local people. ，he made many friends with the local people. 5．The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife. The boy used to play with the knife . B.补全下列句子中省略的部分（12分） 6．He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost. . 7．He said the meeting was very important and that we all should attend it. . 8．If not well organized，the meeting will be a failure. . 9．Only one of us was injured，and he just slightly. . 10．You can do it if you mean to. . 11．I don’t like the way she treated her students. . C.单句写作(用省略结构)（8分） 12．她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。 . 13．他建议我们去看电影。 . 14．他不像过去那样早起床了。 . 15．她除了等待另一个机会什么也不能做。 . 1 / 14学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Nature in the balance 教材考点精练 单元重点单词短语句型语法 (时间：60分钟，满分：100分) 重点词汇 1．overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.向(在)海外，向(在)国外 2．continent n．大陆，陆地；洲 3．species n．种，物种 4．beneath prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上 5．mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的 6．towering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的 7．nutrient n．营养素，营养物 8．thus adv.因此，从而；这样 9．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 10．damage vt.& n．损坏，破坏；损害，伤害 11．climate n．气候，倾向，风气 12．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪n.足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线 13．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地 14．nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不 15．chief n．首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的 16．protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对 17．process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理 18．policy n．政策，方针；原则 19．branch n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支 20．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署 21．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用 22．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的 23．official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 24．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 词汇拓展 1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2．region n．地区，区域；行政区→regional adj.地区的 3．length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→long adj.长的 4．variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→vary v．变化→various adj.多种多样的 5．living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式→live v．活着→lively adj.活泼的 6．survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．幸存 7．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失→appear vi.出现 8．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的 9．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的 10．global adj.全球的；全面的→globe n．球体 11．application n．应用，运用；申请→apply v．申请；应用 12．organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n．组织者 13．absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→absolute adj.绝对的；完全的 14．entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→entire adj.完全的 15．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处→profitable adj.有利润的，盈利的 16．defence n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt.保护 17．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economy n．经济 18．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 19．chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n．化学 20．consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequent adj.随之而来的→consequently adv.结果 21．further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进→far adj.&adv.远的→furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地→farther adj.& adv.更远的/地 重点词组 1．in turn 相应地，转而2．break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)3．breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力4．due to由于，因为5．build up逐渐增加，扩大6．cut down砍倒 7．at least 至少8．in danger of处于……的危险中9．come up with 想出，想到10．call for (公开)要求；需要11．spring to mind 突然记起(或想到)12．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 13．give rise to 使发生(或存在)14．leave out 漏掉15．take part in 参加16．divide...into... 把……分成……17．sign up 报名18．in defence of 为了保护……19．point out 指出20．be concerned about 担心……21．search for 寻找……22．hand in hand 手拉手 重点句型 1．亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6 400千米…… The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is about 6,400 kilometres in length... 2．在人类知道的三十九万植物物种中，超过四万种可以在亚马孙雨林中找到。 Of the 390,000 plant species known to man，more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. 3．在那上面是很多在黑暗的森林地面上大量的落叶。 Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 4．雨林的每一层都形成了自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家园。 Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of living things. 5．如果没人去怎么办？ What if nobody goes? 6．因为人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals. 7．今晚在演播室的是詹姆斯·史密斯，一个当地居民；文森·特布朗，当地工厂的高级经理；朱莉·阿切尔，诺盖特环保委员会的领导。 Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith，a local resident；Vincent Brown，senior manager of a local factory；and Julie Archer，chief of the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee. 8．我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括使用新技术、减少生产过程的污染，即使这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 We’ve been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs. 9．随着污染水平的提高，诺盖特环保委员会正在寻求方法来战胜这个问题。 With pollution levels on the rise，the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. 语法 省略 一.单词拼写（20分） 1．As we all know，there are seven in the world. 2．He has returned to South Africa from his long (海外的) trip. 3．We don’t own the building. ，we have no right to enter it. 4．As a matter of fact，what you do has a great on wildlife. 5．I’m looking forward to seeing his (出色的)performance. 6．The strong wind blew away the good ，leaving only sand. 7．As we all know，this plant draws (营养素)from the soil. 8．She enjoyed feeling the warm sand (在……下面) her feet. 9．Later he had to make a by selling newspapers in that region. 10．They were so lucky that they the terrible earthquake. 11．Old papers should be by us in order to save energy. 12．As we all know，getting fit again is a long slow (过程)． 13．The local government is trying to get the poor villagers out of . 14．It is said that the large company has a lot of all over the world. 15．Some of the animals’ (栖息地) were damaged by some farmers. 16．In fact，the (居民) in this region were against the new policy. 17．After arriving there，he joined an aiming to help the homeless. 18． can you find a more beautiful place than this old town. 19．In the (以前的) case，I won’t give up my dream so easily. 20．He told me that the new book referred to some useful learning (策略)． 【答案】1.continents 2.overseas3.Thus4.impact 5.towering6.soil7.nutrient8.beneath9.living 10.survived recycled 12.process13.poverty14.branches 15.habitats16.residents17.organization 18.Nowhere 19.former 20.strategies 二.单句语法填空（35分） 1．The young man was forced to leave the company due this mistake. 2．We decided to hold a party in celebration of his (survive)． 3．In fact，the young volunteers have breathed life the old club. 4．As we all know，Chinese food is famous for its wide (vary)． 5．How many factory workers are danger of losing their jobs now? 6．It is obvious that the polluted air in this region is (harm) to our health. 7．The villagers were mending the roof (damage) by the strong wind. 8．He was surprised at the (disappear) of many species of plants from our planet. 9．The organization has made a formal protest the nuclear testing. 10．He is the person (track) me as far as the factory the other day. 11．While he was looking through the papers，a good idea sprang mind. 12．I was unwilling to accept the job calling much effort and time. 13．The manager wanted to see the girl who had come up w th this good idea. 14．What will you do in (defend) of the living things in this region？ 15. Climate changes could have terrible (consequent) for farmers. 16．As a matter of fact，some of their new products are highly (profit)． 17．The smoke rising from the factory will do damage your health. 18．To be honest，what you said had no impact the children here. 19．He is looking into the (disappear) of the species. 20．The children stood up to recite the poem turn that day. 21．Most of us were surprised at his (survive) in that situation. 22．He often told us the (variety) insects he saw in the forest. 23．The villagers stayed in the shelter enough food was offered. 24．Among the people (be) a little boy surviving the earthquake. 25．The workers went to repair the houses (damage) in the heavy rain. 26．He has some money in his pocket，with he will buy her some books. 27．He decided to send his son abroad for (far) education. 28．The (consequent) of global warming will be very terrible. 29．The expert talked of the (apply) of the new technology. 30．When I’m reading a book， (absolute) nothing can get my attention. 31．Towns only a few miles apart can have (entire) different dialects. 32．He advised me to try my best to get rid my bad habits as soon as possible. 33．You mustn’t take something that is (poison) to that centre. 34．It is natural that a mayor should pay more attention to the (economy) development. 35.Some valuable ancient cultural relics 　　　　　(damage) while only a few have survived over the past few years.  【答案】1.to 2.survival3.into 4.variety5.in 6.harmful7.damaged8.disappearance 9.against 10.tracking 11.to 12.for 13.with 14.defence 15.consequences 16.profitable17.to 18.on 19.disappearance 20.in 21.survival 22.various 23.where 24.is 25.damaged 26.which 27.further 28.consequence 29.application 30.absolutely 31.entirely 32.of 33.poisonous 34.economic 35.have been damaged 三.完成句子（20分） 1．Among the people were some students . 在那些人当中有一些对农业感兴趣的学生。 2．He was observing the insects at the time. 当时他正在观察被那种液体杀死的昆虫。 3．Tom is a hard­working student， . 汤姆是个学习刻苦的学生，他的父母为他感到自豪。 4． your name in the form. 在表格里写下你的名字并无害处。 5．The young boy does some jogging every day. 那个年轻男孩每天慢跑来增强体质。 6． ，things can go wrong. 即使赛事筹划得很细致，事情仍可能出错。 7．The old woman often recycles the old materials and . 那位老太太经常再利用那些旧材料，我也是。 8．The great scientist walked into the hall， . 那位伟大的科学家走进大厅，后面跟着他的粉丝们。 9．I’m not sure. ? 我不是很确定。要是他不同意我们的新计划怎么办？ 10.被邀请参加晚会是极大的荣幸。(it) to the evening party.  【答案】1. interested in agriculture.2.killed by the liquid3.of whom his parents are proud4.There is no harm in writing down5.to build up his body6.Even if/though an event is organized carefully 7.so do I 8.with his fans following him 9.What if he won’t agree to our new plan 10.5.It is a great honour to be invited 四．语法训练（25分） A.用省略结构改写下列各句（5分） 1．He won’t attend the party even if he is invited. He won’t attend the party . 2．Mistakes，if there are any，should be corrected. Mistakes， ，should be corrected. 3．The book that he borrowed yesterday is well worth reading. is well worth reading. 4．When he was in America，he made many friends with the local people. ，he made many friends with the local people. 5．The boy used to play with the knife though his father told him not to play with the knife. The boy used to play with the knife . 【答案】1.even if invited2.if any3.The book he borrowed yesterday4.When in America5.though his father told him not to B.补全下列句子中省略的部分（12分） 6．He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost. . 7．He said the meeting was very important and that we all should attend it. . 8．If not well organized，the meeting will be a failure. . 9．Only one of us was injured，and he just slightly. . 10．You can do it if you mean to. . 11．I don’t like the way she treated her students. . 【答案】6.He was determined to carry out the plan，whatever the cost was7.He said that the meeting was very important and that we all should attend it8.If it is not well organized，the meeting will be a failure9.Only one of us was injured，and he was injured just slightly10.You can do it if you mean to do it11.You can do it if you mean to do it C.单句写作(用省略结构)（8分） 12．她想学好英语，但不知道怎么学。 . 13．他建议我们去看电影。 . 14．他不像过去那样早起床了。 . 15．她除了等待另一个机会什么也不能做。 . 【答案】12.She wants to learn English well，but she doesn’t know how to13.He suggested we go to see the film14.He doesn’t get up early as he used to15.She could do nothing but wait for another chance 1 / 14学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $