Unit 2 Natural disasters （话题阅读精练）英语译林版必修第三册

Unit 2 Natural disasters 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与自然”之“自然与自然灾害” 主题词汇积累 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 8 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.procedure n.程序,步骤,手续 2.tsunami n.海啸 3.odd adj.奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的 4.bubble n.泡沫,泡,气泡 5.typhoon n.台风 6.hurricane n.飓风 7.unearth vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到 8.port n.港口,避风港;港口城市 9.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的,耸入云霄的 10.ashy adj.覆盖着灰的;灰色的 11.dawn n.黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽 12.volcano n.火山 时文拓展阅读 　　As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. 　　Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. 　　The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” 　　Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. 　　Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. 　　“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 【译文欣赏】 随着城市规模的不断扩张，城市居民接触自然的机会正变得越来越难。若运气好，或许在居住地附近能找到一处小公园，但在城市中寻觅相对原始的自然空间实属罕见。 既往研究已发现自然环境对人类健康与福祉的益处，但一项新研究表明，城市区域的野生性对人类健康极为重要。 研究团队以一座大型城市公园为研究对象，对数百名公园游客展开调查，要求他们在线提交与自然互动的书面总结。研究人员对这些提交内容进行分析，将体验 编码 为不同类别。例如，某位参与者描述的“我们在海滩上坐下来听海浪声”，被归类为“坐在海滩”和“听海浪”两个类别。在320份提交中，研究人员发现了一种被称为“自然语言”的类别模式。经过对所有提交内容的编码分析，有六种类别被游客认为最为重要，包括邂逅野生动物、沿水边漫步以及遵循既定步道等。 为每种自然体验命名，能构建一套实用的交流语言，帮助人们识别并参与那些最令其感到满足与意义的活动。例如，周末在公园徒步时，沿着水边行走的体验可能让年轻职场人士感到满足。而在工作日返回市中心时，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受这种互动的居家化形式。 该研究的资深作者Peter Kahn表示：“我们正致力于开发一种语言，以帮助将人与自然的互动重新引入日常生活。为此，我们还需保护自然环境，以便能够与之互动。” 【词汇积累】 派生/合成词汇 1.usual adj.通常的→unusual adj.不寻常的  2.relative adj.相对的→relatively adv.相当地,相对地  3.wild adj.野生的→wildness n.荒野  4.meaning n.意义→meaningful adj.有意义的  5.interact v.互动;相互作用→interaction n.互动;相互作用  6.submit v.提交→submission n.提交的文件;提交,呈递  7.satisfy v.使满意,使满足→satisfying adj.令人满意的  8.well-being n.幸福,健康　　　　 9.downtown adv.在市中心 熟词生义 10. balloon v.(突然)膨胀　　　 11.pocket adj.小型的 高考真题链接 (2024浙江1月,C) 　　On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm(雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture(水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 　　Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” 　　The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought,” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” 　　One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes(龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” 　　Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 1.What does the project aim to do? A.Conserve moisture in the soil.　　 B.Prevent the formation of hailstones. C.Forecast disastrous hailstorms.　　 D.Investigate chemical use in farming. 2.Who are opposed to the project? A.Farmers in east-central Alberta.　　 B.Managers of insurance companies. C.Provincial government officials.　　 D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 3.Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D.To show the link between storms and moisture. 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加拿大艾伯塔省实施的防雹项目,对于该项目人们态度不一。 1.B　细节理解题。根据题干关键词the project可定位到第一段。根据“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知,这项计划通过使飞机在阴沉沉的风暴单体中播撒一种化学物质,使云层中的小冰晶在变成冰雹之前像雨一样落下,从而化解雹暴灾害。所以,该计划旨在阻止冰雹形成。故选B。 2.A　细节理解题。第一段前三句介绍了雹暴现象的出现以及保险公司的防雹计划。第四句中的But表示转折关系。根据“farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding”可知,艾伯塔省中东部的农民担心云的催化会从他们干旱的土地上偷走宝贵的水分,也就是说,艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对该计划。故选A。 3.C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell”可知,Doswell博士对该计划安全与否持怀疑态度。再结合“I personally saw significant tornadoes form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas”以及“Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course”可推知,Doswell博士通过提及自己在1999年看到的由这种云的催化而引起的强龙卷风灾害暗示了云的催化可能带来的危险。故选C。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.”可知,由于缺乏科学证据证明云的催化存在害处,没有人赢得对播云公司的诉讼。因此,私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下继续进行。由此可推知,播云公司将继续存在。故选D。 派生/合成词汇 1.basic adj.基本的;基础的→basically adv.大体上;基本上  2.province n.省;范围,领域→provincial adj.省的;首都以外的  3.personal adj.亲自做的;个人的,私人的→personally adv.亲自,本人直接地;就个人而言  4.oppose v.反对,抵制;与……对垒→opposite adj.相反的;对面的  5.concern v.与……有关;涉及,影响;担忧→concerning prep.关于;涉及  6.hailstone n.冰雹 7.downwind adv.顺风地;在下风处 熟词生义 8.threatening adj.阴沉沉的　9.thirsty adj.干旱的　10.address v.演说,演讲 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 文章主要讲述了13岁女孩麦琪独自在家经历地震并成功自救的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 新闻报道 文章讲述埃塞俄比亚北部海利古比火山近期突发喷发，火山灰影响多地并致航班取消，该火山此前无喷发记录，科学家借卫星图像对其展开研究。 Passage3 阅读理解 新闻报道 文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡遭受气旋袭击后，人们在灾难中团结互助，利用科技手段提高救援效率，展现了斯里兰卡人强大的志愿精神。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了加拿大森林火灾危机的原因和演变，对比了原住民传统可控燃烧的有效性与现代禁火政策导致的后果，并分析了气候变化下特大火灾的恶性循环及其对全球气候的深远影响。 Passage5 七选五 说明文 文章主要介绍了地震发生时和发生后的应对措施，强调了提前准备和了解安全知识的重要性。 Passage6 七选五 说明文 主要介绍了在夏季雷雨天气中五项实用的安全防护技巧。 Passage7 七选五 说明文 主要介绍了在台风来临时，为了保障安全、减少损失，人们应该遵循的关键应对措施，包括关注预警、储备物资、加固门窗和避开危险区域。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 介绍了台风的形成、影响，以及人们如何利用科技预测和应对台风。 Passage9 语法填空 说新闻报道 文章主要介绍了2024年第13号台风“贝碧嘉（Bebinca）”登陆上海后造成的破坏、昆山地区因台风引发的触电伤亡事故，以及灾后救援重建工作的开展和台风后续的移动趋势。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster. One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip. After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear. After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement. While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large piece of wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconsciously onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience. 1．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Maggie’s parents would get home at the same time. B．Maggie was used to earthquake-related preparations. C．Maggie didn’t know how to handle the disasters at all. D．Earthquakes frequently happened in Maggie’s living area. 2．What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very loud. B．Quite familiar. C．Perfectly clear. D．Really strange. 3．Why could Maggie know where the main water valve was? A．She learned it from her school textbook. B．She found it by accident in the basement. C．Her dad had shown her before the earthquake. D．Her mom told her on the phone during the earthquake. 4．How did Maggie feel when she woke up? A．Excited and shocked. B．Sad and disappointed. C．Grateful and lucky. D．Frightened and angry. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁女孩麦琪独自在家经历地震并成功自救的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.(从她记事起，为地震做准备在她的学校就很常见。她的家人也制定了应对自然灾害的计划。)”以及第二段中“However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone.(然而，这一天与往常不同。她独自在家。)”可知，麦琪对地震相关的准备工作已经习以为常。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.(玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西撞击的声音deafening，麦琪害怕地抱住自己。)”可知，玻璃破碎和物品撞击的声音非常大，让麦琪感到害怕，因此deafening意为“非常响的”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before.(麦琪知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关。爸爸以前教过她。)”可知，麦琪知道主水阀的位置是因为她爸爸在地震前教过她。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience.(一个小时后，她醒来发现父母就在她身边。看到父母，她虚弱地笑了，在经历了可怕的经历后，她的心里充满了平静。)”可知，麦琪感到庆幸和感激。故选C。 Passage 2 （2026·海南海口·二模）Hayli Gubbi, a volcano in northern Ethiopia, erupted recently, sending a huge cloud of smoke and ash (灰) high into the air. The volcano had not erupted in recent history, and the ash cloud has spread into nearby countries, causing some flight delays. The eruption did not cause any injuries, but it did cover the nearby village Afdera with ash. Many people in Afdera raise animals, and now the ash is making it hard for the animals to find food. The huge cloud of ash blew out across the Red Sea. It crossed Yemen and Oman and fell on areas of Pakistan and northern India. Two of India’s airlines, Air India and Akasa, canceled several flights. Air India says it is checking its planes that flew near the ash cloud, since the ash can damage engines. The eruption of the volcano surprised many people. Before this eruption, there were no records of the Hayli Gubbi volcano ever erupting. Some experts believe that the volcano had been dormant for 10, 000 years or longer. But because Hayli Gubbi is in a very remote area, it’s also possible that earlier eruptions simply weren’t reported. Even with modern technology, the Afar region remains hard to access. Scientists have no choice but to study the volcano through satellite images. One volcano expert said that recent satellite images of Hayli Gubbi show “lava (熔岩) flows that are probably less than a few hundred years old.” The Afar region is known for its volcanoes and earthquakes. The area is part of the Afar rift, which is a place where the land is slowly pulling apart. This can lead to volcanoes and earthquakes. Since the Afar region is an active area for volcanoes, scientists did have some clues that an eruption was possible. Several other volcanoes in the Afar rift have erupted recently. And in July, 2025, a nearby volcano called Erta Ale erupted. It’s only about 11 kilometers away from Hayli Gubbi. 1．What do we know about the ash of the Hayli Gubbi eruption? A．It damaged Yemen’s plane engines. B．It affected farm animals’ daily life. C．It harmed the ecology of the Red Sea. D．It destroyed Afdera village. 2．What does the underlined word “dormant” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Rising. B．Moving. C．Inactive. D．Famous. 3．Why do scientists study the Hayli Gubbi volcano through satellite images? A．The volcano has new lava flows. B．It’s difficult to reach the volcano. C．The scientists’ technology is limited. D．There are frequent volcanic eruptions. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Methods of Studying Volcanoes B．Volcanic Activities in the Afar Region C．Impacts of Volcanic Ash on Flights D．A Volcano’s Unexpected Eruption 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述埃塞俄比亚北部海利古比火山近期突发喷发，火山灰影响多地并致航班取消，该火山此前无喷发记录，科学家借卫星图像对其展开研究。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many people in Afdera raise animals, and now the ash is making it hard for the animals to find food.(阿夫德拉的许多人饲养动物，如今火山灰让这些动物难以觅食。)”可知，火山灰影响了饲养动物的日常生活。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Before this eruption, there were no records of the Hayli Gubbi volcano ever erupting.(在此次喷发前，没有任何海利古比火山喷发的记录。)”以及画线词后“for 10, 000 years or longer (一万年或更久)”可知，这座火山此前长期未喷发，所以猜测dormant意为 “休眠的；不活跃的”。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Even with modern technology, the Afar region remains hard to access. Scientists have no choice but to study the volcano through satellite images.(即便有现代技术，阿法尔地区依然难以抵达。科学家们别无选择，只能通过卫星图像研究这座火山。)”可知，科学家通过卫星图像研究该火山是因为其所处地区难以到达。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Hayli Gubbi, a volcano in northern Ethiopia, erupted recently, sending a huge cloud of smoke and ash high into the air.(埃塞俄比亚北部的海利古比火山近期喷发，将大量烟尘和火山灰喷射至高空。)”以及第三段“The eruption of the volcano surprised many people.(这座火山的喷发让许多人感到意外。)” 并结合全文围绕该火山突发喷发的影响、背景及研究情况展开论述可知，本文主要讲埃塞俄比亚北部海利古比火山近期突然喷发，很令人意外。所以D项A Volcano’s Unexpected Eruption(一座火山意外爆发)符合文意，适合用作标题。故选D项。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）A big storm called Cyclone Ditwah hit Sri Lanka, which has caused great damage in Sri Lanka, resulting in hundreds of deaths and leaving many homeless. However, something good happened too. People from different backgrounds are coming together to rescue those in need. Some, like actor GK Reginold, are using fishing boats to deliver basic supplies to communities. A group of activists, previously took part in political protests, have turned their organizational skills into establishing community kitchens to provide meals for the affected people in the storm. Social media is also playing an important role in bringing social efforts together. Volunteers have created online databases to match donations with those in need. This digital method is helping to better aid distribution (分配) and make sure supplies get to the right places. This new method has greatly promoted the effectiveness of the rescue work, showing the possibility of technology in time of disaster. Despite the challenges, the spirit of unity among Sri Lankans is evident. As one volunteer observed, the concern and kindheartedness for people’s suffering are proving to be greater than the destruction caused by the disaster. 1．What does the author mean by “However, something good happened too”? A．The cyclone was less serious than first reported. B．The storm brought people together in a positive way. C．The government finally improved its alarming system. D．International aid arrived earlier than expected. 2．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning online databases? A．To cheer people up. B．To praise IT companies from other countries. C．To show how the tech helps. D．To show social media can be trusted. 3．What is the key to the recovery of Sri Lanka? A．Fast help sharing. B．New technology. C．Strict government control. D．Volunteerism of its people. 4．How does the author find the spirit shown by Sri Lankans? A．Weak and poorly organized. B．Surprising but short-lived. C．Inspiring and powerful. D．Nice yet unnecessary. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡遭受气旋袭击后，人们在灾难中团结互助，利用科技手段提高救援效率，展现了斯里兰卡人强大的志愿精神。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A big storm called Cyclone Ditwah hit Sri Lanka, which has caused great damage in Sri Lanka, resulting in hundreds of deaths and leaving many homeless. (一场名为“Ditwah”气旋的大风暴袭击了斯里兰卡，给斯里兰卡造成了巨大破坏，导致数百人死亡，许多人无家可归)”以及第二段“People from different backgrounds are coming together to rescue those in need. (来自不同背景的人们聚集在一起，营救那些需要帮助的人)”可知，作者说“However, something good happened too (然而，也有好事发生)”是想表达风暴以积极的方式把人们聚集在了一起。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Social media is also playing an important role in bringing social efforts together. Volunteers have created online databases to match donations with those in need. This digital method is helping to better aid distribution (分配) and make sure supplies get to the right places. This new method has greatly promoted the effectiveness of the rescue work, showing the possibility of technology in time of disaster. (社交媒体在汇聚社会力量方面也发挥着重要作用。志愿者们创建了在线数据库，将捐赠与有需要的人进行匹配。这种数字方法有助于更好地分配援助物资，并确保物资送到正确的地方。这种新方法大大提高了救援工作的效率，显示了科技在灾难时刻的可能性)”可推知，作者提到在线数据库是为了展示科技是如何帮助救援工作的。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Despite the challenges, the spirit of unity among Sri Lankans is evident. As one volunteer observed, the concern and kindheartedness for people’s suffering are proving to be greater than the destruction caused by the disaster. (尽管面临挑战，但斯里兰卡人的团结精神显而易见。正如一位志愿者所观察到的，人们对他人苦难的关心和善良被证明比灾难造成的破坏更大)”可知，斯里兰卡人志愿精神是斯里兰卡恢复的关键。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite the challenges, the spirit of unity among Sri Lankans is evident. As one volunteer observed, the concern and kindheartedness for people’s suffering are proving to be greater than the destruction caused by the disaster. (尽管面临挑战，但斯里兰卡人的团结精神显而易见。正如一位志愿者所观察到的，人们对他人苦难的关心和善良被证明比灾难造成的破坏更大)”可推知，作者认为斯里兰卡人的精神是鼓舞人心且强大的。故选C项。 Passage 4 （25-26高三上·辽宁朝阳·期末）The Louis Creek Valley in British Columbia is green with Douglas firs (花旗松), but Joe Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. “Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have overgrown,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add to fuel. A major fire is waiting.” Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc people were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrowth safely, preventing crown fires that jump between treetops. “Megafires (特大火灾) just weren’t possible, because the forest itself was biodiverse,” says Gilchrist. “It wasn’t a single-species stand of trees that are too close together, too over-aged, and with lots of fuel on the ground.” This practice was common across pre-Columbian Americas. European settlers described it in diaries as wasteful but now, experts see that they knew what they were doing. Lori Daniels, a professor of the University of British Columbia, has matched fire scars on tree rings with native oral history, finding evidence of the repeated low-scale burning. One tree in Tobacco Plains survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditional burning. “After World War II, fire control technology improved, but forests became weaker as fuel collected.65%-85% of today’s trees grew after native burning stopped,” says Daniels. “The thick forests we see exist because fires were controlled for decades.” Now, climate change has created a terrifying new normal. Hotter temperatures, drier conditions, and increased fuel have turned northern forests into fire traps. In 2023, Canadian fires burned over 37 million acres, releasing about 647 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. Some forests may never recover, and repeated big fires could turn them into grasslands. Worse, northern permanent frozen soil holds huge carbon; as global warming melts it, fires there can burn for months, releasing carbon trapped for thousands of years and pushing Earth toward a climate tipping point. As expert Flannigan warns, “We’re on a downward path. Until we address the root cause — our reliance on fossil fuels — warming and fires will worsen. There’s no way around it.” 1．Why does Joe Gilchrist see danger first in the Louis Creek Valley? A．Forests are being cut down. B．Too much fire fuel exists. C．Climate becomes extremely dry. D．Dead trees are not cleared timely. 2．What does Professor Lori Daniels’s research demonstrate? A．Native burning was randomly arranged. B．Native burning burnt down most of the forests. C．Native burning was once an effective practice. D．Native burning was recorded by European settlers. 3．Which is a mentioned consequence of large-scale forest fires? A．Balance of climate system. B．Control of fuel accumulation. C．Melting of permanent frozen soil. D．Reduction of forests’ carbon storage. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Native Wisdom: Key to Preventing Forest Fires B．Climate Change: Root of All Forest Disasters C．From Controlled Burns to Megafires: A Forest Crisis D．Fire Control Technology: A Solution to Forest Fires 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大森林火灾危机的原因和演变，对比了原住民传统可控燃烧的有效性与现代禁火政策导致的后果，并分析了气候变化下特大火灾的恶性循环及其对全球气候的深远影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Louis Creek Valley in British Columbia is green with Douglas firs, but Joe Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have overgrown,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add to fuel. A major fire is waiting.(不列颠哥伦比亚省的路易斯溪谷郁郁葱葱，遍布花旗松，但作为火情管理员和拥有30年经验的消防员，Joe Gilchrist首先看到的却是危险。“自禁止燃烧以来已经100多年了，树木已经过度生长，”他解释道。“枯树和倒下的树枝增加了燃料。一场大火即将来临。”)”可知，Joe Gilchrist认为枯树和倒下的树枝增加了燃料，所以路易斯溪谷存在危险。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc people were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrowth safely, preventing crown fires that jump between treetops.(直到19世纪60年代，Secwepemc人还经常在春天和秋天放小火。这些燃烧安全地清除了灌木丛，防止了树冠在树梢之间跳跃的火灾)”和第三段中“Lori Daniels, a professor of the University of British Columbia, has matched fire scars on tree rings with native oral history, finding evidence of the repeated low-scale burning. One tree in Tobacco Plains survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditional burning.(不列颠哥伦比亚大学教授Lori Daniels将树环上的火灾疤痕与当地口述历史进行了比对，发现了反复低强度燃烧的证据。烟草平原上的一棵树经历了52次火灾，但火灾疤痕环在19世纪定居者禁止传统燃烧后就停止了)”可知，Lori Daniels教授的研究证实了原住民的焚烧是一种曾经有效且规律进行的森林管理实践。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In 2023, Canadian fires burned over 37 million acres, releasing about 647 million metric tons of carbon dioxide.(2023年，加拿大大火烧毁了超过3700万英亩的土地，释放了大约6.47亿吨二氧化碳)”和“Worse, northern permanent frozen soil holds huge carbon; as global warming melts it, fires there can burn for months, releasing carbon trapped for thousands of years and pushing Earth toward a climate tipping point.(更糟糕的是，北方永久冻土层储存着大量的碳；随着全球变暖使其融化，那里的火灾可以持续数月，释放被困数千年的碳，并将地球推向气候临界点)”可知，森林是重要的碳储存库，大规模森林火灾会破坏森林，从而减少森林的碳储存能力。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have overgrown,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add to fuel. A major fire is waiting.(“自禁止燃烧以来已经100多年了，树木已经过度生长，”他解释道。“枯树和倒下的树枝增加了燃料。一场大火即将来临。”)”、第二段中“Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc people were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrowth safely, preventing crown fires that jump between treetops.(直到19世纪60年代，Secwepemc人还经常在春秋两季放火。这些燃烧安全地清除了林下植被，防止了树冠火灾在树梢之间跳跃)”以及最后一段中“As expert Flannigan warns, “We’re on a downward path. Until we address the root cause — our reliance on fossil fuels — warming and fires will worsen. There’s no way around it.”(正如专家Flannigan警告的那样，“我们正在走下坡路。除非我们解决根本原因——我们对化石燃料的依赖——否则变暖和火灾将会加剧。这是无法避免的。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了森林火灾从受控燃烧到特大火灾的演变过程，分析了背后的原因及带来的严重后果。故C项“From Controlled Burns to Megafires: A Forest Crisis(从受控燃烧到特大火灾：森林危机)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Passage5 （25-26高一上·山东济南·月考）Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters, often striking without warning and causing great damage. Understanding what to do during and after an earthquake can save lives. 1 If you are indoors when an earthquake hits, the first rule is to stay calm. Rushing outside in panic (惊慌地) can lead to injuries from falling objects. Instead, hide under a table or desk, holding on to one leg to stay balanced as the ground shakes. Avoid standing near windows, mirrors, or heavy furniture that could fall over. Once the shaking stops, check the environment around you before moving. Check for any immediate dangers, such as gas leaks (泄漏), or broken electrical wires, or structural damage. 2 If you smell gas, turn off the gas supply right away and open windows. For electrical issues, turn off the main power to prevent fires. If you are trapped under objects after an earthquake, saving energy is key. 3 Shout only when you hear rescuers nearby — non-stop shouting can waste energy and leave you very tired. Instead, tap on a pipe or wall with a hard object to let others know your location. This method is more useful and helps you use less energy, increasing your chances of being found. After an earthquake, communities often face long-term challenges, including homelessness, shortage of clean water, and the spread of disease. 4 Local governments and aid organizations set up shelters, give out food and water, and provide medical care to those in need. However, recovery takes time, and people can help by donating supplies or volunteering. By learning about earthquake safety measures and preparing an emergency kit in advance, you can protect yourself and your family when disaster strikes. 5 A．These problems require common efforts to solve. B．Every second matters in such a dangerous situation. C．Try to stay as quiet as possible to save your strength. D．Do not use elevators, as they may stop during the quake. E．Knowing what to do during the quake itself is important. F．Preparation is the best way to face such unexpected disasters. G．Never light a match or use a candle to check for any damage. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地震发生时和发生后的应对措施，强调了提前准备和了解安全知识的重要性。 1．上文“Understanding what to do during and after an earthquake can save lives. (了解地震期间和之后该做什么可以挽救生命。)”说明了了解地震应对措施的重要性。下文“If you are indoors when an earthquake hits, the first rule is to stay calm. (如果地震发生时你在室内，第一条规则是保持冷静。)”开始具体介绍地震发生时的应对措施。由此可知，空格处应起到承上启下的作用，强调了解地震期间该做什么的重要性。E项“Knowing what to do during the quake itself is important. (知道地震期间该做什么很重要。)”符合语境。故选E。 2．上文“Once the shaking stops, check the environment around you before moving. Check for any immediate dangers, such as gas leaks (泄漏), or broken electrical wires, or structural damage. (一旦震动停止，在移动前检查你周围的环境。检查是否有任何直接的危险，如煤气泄漏、电线断裂或结构损坏。)”介绍了地震停止后应检查周围环境，注意煤气泄漏、电线断裂等危险。下文“If you smell gas, turn off the gas supply right away and open windows. For electrical issues, turn off the main power to prevent fires. (如果你闻到煤气味，立即关闭煤气供应并打开窗户。对于电气问题，关闭总电源以防止火灾。)”具体说明了应对煤气泄漏和电气问题的措施。由此可知，空格处应进一步说明在检查过程中应注意的事项，特别是与火源相关的安全措施。G项“Never light a match or use a candle to check for any damage. (切勿点燃火柴或使用蜡烛检查任何损坏。)”符合语境。故选G。 3．上文“If you are trapped under objects after an earthquake, saving energy is key. (如果你在地震后被困在物体下面，节省能量是关键。)”说明了被困时节省能量的重要性。下文“Shout only when you hear rescuers nearby — non-stop shouting can waste energy and leave you very tired. Instead, tap on a pipe or wall with a hard object to let others know your location. (只有当你听到救援人员就在附近时才喊叫——不停地喊叫会浪费能量，让你非常疲惫。相反，用硬物敲击管道或墙壁，让别人知道你的位置。)”具体说明了如何节省能量，即只在必要时喊叫，用敲击代替喊叫。由此可知，空格处应进一步强调保持安静以节省能量的重要性。C项“Try to stay as quiet as possible to save your strength. (尽量保持安静以节省体力。)”符合语境。故选C。 4．上文“After an earthquake, communities often face long-term challenges, including homelessness, shortage of clean water, and the spread of disease. (地震后，社区经常面临长期挑战，包括无家可归、清洁水短缺和疾病传播。)”介绍了地震后社区面临的长期挑战。下文“Local governments and aid organizations set up shelters, give out food and water, and provide medical care to those in need. However, recovery takes time, and people can help by donating supplies or volunteering. (当地政府和援助组织设立避难所，分发食物和水，并向有需要的人提供医疗护理。然而，恢复需要时间，人们可以通过捐赠物资或志愿服务来提供帮助。)”说明了应对这些挑战的措施，包括政府和援助组织的行动以及个人的帮助。由此可知，空格处应强调解决这些问题需要共同努力。A项“These problems require common efforts to solve. (这些问题需要共同努力来解决。)”符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“By learning about earthquake safety measures and preparing an emergency kit in advance, you can protect yourself and your family when disaster strikes. (通过了解地震安全措施并提前准备应急包，你可以在灾难发生时保护自己和家人。)”强调了提前准备和了解安全知识的重要性。由此可知，空格处应进一步强调准备的重要性，作为文章的结尾，总结全文。F项“Preparation is the best way to face such unexpected disasters. (准备是面对这种意外灾难的最佳方式。)”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 6 （25-26高一上·广西百色·期中） How to Stay Safe During a Thunderstorm During the summer months, people spend more time outdoors, but the summer brings more than just hot weather, it is also lightning season. Lightning is not something to be taken lightly. 1 . However, there are ways that you can stay safe during a thunderstorm. Here are some tips on how to reduce your risk of being struck by lightning. Go inside as soon as possible Staying outside during a thunderstorm is very dangerous. You must be in a building where all the sides are enclosed. Even being in a car is safer than being outside. 2 . Stay low to the ground If you cannot get to a shelter, stay as low as possible, so that you are not the tallest thing around in a storm. 3 . Avoid places like fields, or hilltops and stay away from tall, isolated trees. 4 When your mother told you not to run water during a thunderstorm, she was right. Water is a dangerous conductor of electricity, which can travel through it in the pipes and enter your home. Don’t ignore thunder If you are close enough to hear thunder, you are close enough to get struck by lightning so take cover immediately. Lightning can actual strike 10 to 15 miles away from the core of the thunderstorm. Some lightning can strike an area where it is not raining yet. 5 . A．Avoid using running water B．Don’t touch anything connected to the outdoors C．If you are hiking on a mountain, go down and not up D．In fact, lightning is dangerous and can strike without warning E．So don’t stay in the pool or play an extra game until the rain starts F．Lightning can still strike even after the storm seems to have passed G．The metal shell of it spreads the lightning around you and to the ground 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在夏季雷雨天气中五项实用的安全防护技巧。 1．根据上文“Lightning is not something to be taken lightly. (闪电可不是小事)”以及下文“However, there are ways that you can stay safe during a thunderstorm. (不过，有一些方法可以让你在雷雨中保持安全)”可知，上文提到闪电不可轻视，下文转折指出有方法可以在雷雨中保持安全，D选项“In fact, lightning is dangerous and can strike without warning. (事实上，闪电非常危险，且可能毫无预警地发生)”承接上文“闪电不可轻视”的观点，进一步强调其危险性，为下文“提供安全技巧”做铺垫。故选D项。 2．根据上文“Even being in a car is safer than being outside. (即使待在车里也比在外面安全)”可知，此处应说明在车里比在外面安全的原因，G选项“The metal shell of it spreads the lightning around you and to the ground. (汽车的金属外壳会将闪电传导至周围并导入地面)”解释了“车内更安全”的原因，“it”指代上文“car”，“metal shell”“ spreads the lightning around you and to the ground”明确了汽车防护闪电的原理。故选G项。 3．根据上文“If you cannot get to a shelter, stay as low as possible, so that you are not the tallest thing around in a storm. (如果无法到达遮蔽处，尽量保持低姿，避免成为风暴中周围最高的物体)”以及下文“Avoid places like fields, or hilltops and stay away from tall, isolated trees. (避免前往田野、山顶等地方，远离高大孤立的树木)”可知，此处是在说明在找不到避难所时，如何避免成为最高的物体，C选项“If you are hiking on a mountain, go down and not up. (如果正在登山，应下山而非继续上行)”是对“保持低姿、远离高处”的具体场景化建议，“go down and not up”呼应“stay as low as possible”，“mountain”与下文“hilltops”相衔接。故选C项。 4．根据下文“When your mother told you not to run water during a thunderstorm, she was right. Water is a dangerous conductor of electricity, which can travel through it in the pipes and enter your home. (妈妈告诉你雷雨天不要用水，她是对的。水是危险的电导体，电流可以通过管道进入到你家)”可知，本段主要说明了在雷雨天气中不要使用流动的水，A选项“Avoid using running water. (避免使用流动水)”准确概括了本段核心主旨，“running water”与下文“run water”直接呼应，可作为段落小标题统领全段，引出具体原因解释。故选A项。 5．根据上文“Lightning can actual strike 10 to 15 miles away from the core of the thunderstorm. Some lightning can strike an area where it is not raining yet. (闪电实际上能击中距离雷暴中心10至15英里的地方。有些闪电会击中尚未下雨的区域)”可知，上文提到闪电可能击中还没有下雨的地方，E选项“So don’t stay in the pool or play an extra game until the rain starts. (因此，不要待在泳池里，也不要等到下雨才结束户外活动)”通过“so”总结上文“闪电可在无雨区域发生”的知识点，提出具体防护建议，即提前结束涉水或户外游戏，“stay in the pool”“play an extra game”对应“outdoors”，强化“提前避险”的重要性。故选E项。 Passage 7 （25-26高一上·广西柳州·月考）Typhoons (台风) are powerful natural disasters that bring strong winds, heavy rains, and storm waves, often causing big damage. But if we follow a clear plan — prepare early, protect well, and act wisely — we can keep ourselves safe and cut down losses a lot. 1 . Keep an eye on warnings 2 . Notice color-coded (颜色编码的) warnings (like red for the most extreme weather) in them and follow their guidance. Share warnings with family too, so everyone stays informed and ready to act fast if needed. 3 You’ll need basic supplies to get through the typhoon. Prepare at least three days’ worth of drinking water and non-spoiled food (like biscuits, canned food). Also pack a small emergency bag with: a flashlight, a power bank, common medicines, waterproof tape, a whistle, and some cash. Strengthen your home’s doors and windows Your house protects you from typhoons — keep it strong! Before the typhoon, check if your doors and windows are strong. And don’t forget the outside: bring in flower planters, clothes hangers, or even your bike. 4 . Stay away from dangerous places During a typhoon, your safety comes first. Never hang out outside, by windows, under billboards, near big trees, or by rivers. 5 . You can’t tell how deep the water is, and your car might get swept away. A．Prepare some food and water B．Store up emergency materials C．You must warn others of the danger D．Here are some key tips for you to remember E．And don’t try to drive through flooded roads F．Check official weather apps or local radio regularly G．If left outside, they might be blown away and hurt someone 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在台风来临时，为了保障安全、减少损失，人们应该遵循的关键应对措施，包括关注预警、储备物资、加固门窗和避开危险区域。 1．上文“But if we follow a clear plan — prepare early, protect well, and act wisely — we can keep ourselves safe and cut down losses a lot. (但是，如果我们遵循一个清晰的计划——早准备、保护好、明智行动——我们就能保护自己的安全并大幅减少损失)”提出了遵循计划应对台风的重要性，概括了行动的总体原则。下文开始分条列举具体的行动建议。D选项“Here are some key tips for you to remember (这里有一些你需要记住的关键提示)”承上启下，既总结了上文“清晰的计划”需要具体化为“关键提示”，也自然引出了下文将要展开的各个分点建议。D选项是典型的过渡句，用于引出下文列表。故选D项。 2．小标题“Keep an eye on warnings (关注预警)”指明了本段的主题。下文“Notice color-coded (颜色编码的) warnings (like red for the most extreme weather) in them and follow their guidance. (注意其中颜色编码的预警(如红色代表最极端的天气)并遵循其指导)”和“Share warnings with family too... (也要与家人分享预警……)”具体说明了如何处理预警信息。F选项“Check official weather apps or local radio regularly (定期查看官方天气应用或收听地方广播)”位于段首，具体说明了“关注预警”的行动方式，即通过哪些渠道去获取预警信息。下文的“in them”中的“them”正是指代F选项中的“official weather apps or local radio”这些渠道。上下文形成“方法(查看渠道)-具体行动(注意并分享信息)”的逻辑关系。故选F项。 3．下文“You’ll need basic supplies to get through the typhoon. Prepare at least three days’ worth of drinking water and non-spoiled food (like biscuits, canned food). Also pack a small emergency bag with: a flashlight, a power bank, common medicines, waterproof tape, a whistle, and some cash. (你将需要基本物资来度过台风。准备至少三天量的饮用水和不易变质的食物(如饼干、罐头食品)。还要打包一个小的应急包，里面装有：手电筒、充电宝、常用药品、防水胶带、哨子和一些现金)”详细列举了需要准备的物资清单。B选项“Store up emergency materials (储备应急物资)”概括了下文内容，点明了本段的主题，即准备并储存应急物资。选项中的“emergency materials”与下文详述的各种物资完全对应，是典型的小标题。故选B项。 4．上文“Before the typhoon, check if your doors and windows are strong. And don’t forget the outside: bring in flower planters, clothes hangers, or even your bike. (在台风前，检查你的门窗是否牢固。别忘了屋外的东西：把花盆、衣架、甚至你的自行车搬进来)”讲述了加固门窗和将室外物品搬入室内的重要性。G选项“If left outside, they might be blown away and hurt someone (如果留在外面，它们可能会被吹走并伤害到人)”承接上文，解释了为什么必须将“flower planters, clothes hangers, or even your bike”这些物品搬进来的原因，即它们可能变成危险的飞掷物。句中的“they”指代上文提到的那些室外物品，“If left outside”则与上文的“bring in”形成条件与结果的对比。故选G项。 5．上文“During a typhoon, your safety comes first. Never hang out outside, by windows, under billboards, near big trees, or by rivers. (台风期间，你的安全是第一位的。切勿在外面、窗边、广告牌下、大树附近或河边逗留)”列举了台风期间需要避开的几类危险地点。E选项“And don’t try to drive through flooded roads (并且不要试图开车通过被淹没的道路)”与上文构成并列关系，通过“And”连接，补充了另一个极端危险的行为——涉水驾车，进一步丰富了“远离危险”这一主题下的具体警告。上下文列举的危险情况共同构成了完整的避险指南。故选E项。 Passage 8 （25-26高一上·山东·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typhoons are powerful storm systems that form over warm ocean water. They bring strong winds and heavy rain, 1 can lead to flooding and landslides. Understanding how typhoons develop and move is necessary for people living in coastal areas to prepare for their 2 (arrive). Weather experts use satellites and radar to track these storms from space. By 3 (examine) the data collected, they can predict (预测) the path and strength of a typhoon. This advanced warning allows governments 4 (make) preparations and, if necessary, organize the evacuation of people in dangerous areas. This technology 5 (improve) greatly over the years, making predictions more reliable than ever before. One of the key factors in a typhoon’s formation is the temperature of the ocean water. The warmer the water, 6 more energy the storm takes in. This is why typhoons are most common in late summer and early autumn when the sea surface is at its 7 (hot). Communication systems are 8 (extreme) important for spreading warnings quickly. Today, messages are sent through TV, radio, and mobile phones, making sure everyone receives the information in time. It is also suggested that families prepare emergency kits with food, water, and medicines. In short, 9 typhoons are among the most destructive. (毁灭性的) natural events, scientific progress greatly improves our ability to predict them in advance. With continuing research, we are sure to be better prepared 10 such natural events. 【答案】1．which 2．arrival 3．examining 4．to make 5．has improved 6．the 7．hottest 8．extremely 9．while/though/although 10．for 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了台风的形成、影响，以及人们如何利用科技预测和应对台风。 1．考查定语从句。句意：它们带来强风和暴雨，这可能会引发洪水和山体滑坡。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是strong winds and heavy rain，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。 2．考查名词。句意：了解台风的形成和移动方式，对于沿海地区的人们为台风的到来做准备是必要的。根据介词for可知，此处应用名词arrival，意为“到来”，作宾语。故填arrival。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：通过检查收集到的数据，它们可以预测台风的路径和强度。根据介词by可知，此处应用动名词examining，作宾语。故填examining。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种提前预警让政府能够做好准备，必要时还能组织危险地区的人员撤离。 allow sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式to make，作宾补。故填to make。 5．考查动词时态。句意：这些年来，这项技术已经有了很大的改进，使得预测比以往任何时候都更可靠。根据时间状语over the years可知，此处应用现在完成时。technology与improve是主谓关系，且主语technology是单数，此处谓语应用has improved。故填has improved。 6．考查冠词。句意：海水温度越高，风暴吸收的能量就越多。此处是固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 7．考查形容词最高级。句意：这就是为什么台风在夏末秋初最常见，此时海面温度达到它的最高值。根据“in late summer and early autumn”及“at its... (处于……的状态)”可知，此处表示“最高温度”，应用形容词最高级hottest。故填hottest。 8．考查副词。句意：通信系统对于快速传播预警极为重要。此处修饰形容词important，应用副词extremely，意为“极其地”，作状语。故填extremely。 9．考查连词。句意：简而言之，虽然台风是最具破坏性的自然事件之一，但科学进步极大地提高了我们提前预测它们的能力。根据前后句的逻辑关系可知，此处表示让步，用连词while/though/although。故填while/though/although。 10．考查介词。句意：随着研究的不断深入，我们一定能更好地应对这类自然事件。be prepared for是固定搭配，意为“为……做好准备”，此处应用介词for。故填for。 Passage 9 （25-26高一上·云南昆明·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typhoon Bebinca, the 13th typhoon of the year 2024, made landfall in Shanghai on September 16, 2024. It quickly became the 1 (powerful) typhoon to hit Shanghai since 1949. The typhoon was so strong that it brought about significant damage and disruption. As Bebinca passed through Kunshan in Jiangsu Province, 2 accident happened. Strong winds brought down a 10-kilovolt power line on Monday afternoon. 3 (unlucky), two people lost their 4 (life) after being electrocuted (触电) while passing through the area. Their deaths served 5 a warning of the dangers in such powerful storms. After Typhoon Bebinca swept through, Shanghai and its surrounding areas immediately began comprehensive rescue and recovery work. Many professional rescue workers 6 rushed to the hardest-hit zones searched through every 7 (damage) building, using thermal imaging (热成像) tools and sniffer dogs to find people in ruins. Their tireless efforts 8 (focus) on saving people, with some rescuers digging through ruins and 9 (provide) first aid on the spot. According to the weather report, the storm was expected to move northwest and to become weaker on Tuesday night. However, even in its weakened state, it was still likely 10 (bring) some rainfall and affect the weather conditions in the region. 【答案】1．most powerful 2．an 3．Unluckily 4．lives 5．as 6．who/that 7．damaged 8．were focused 9．providing 10．to bring 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了2024年第13号台风“贝碧嘉（Bebinca）”登陆上海后造成的破坏、昆山地区因台风引发的触电伤亡事故，以及灾后救援重建工作的开展和台风后续的移动趋势。 1．考查形容词比较等级。句意：它迅速成为1949年以来袭击上海的最强台风。根据空格前的定冠词“the”和语境“1949年以来的台风”可知，此处存在范围上的比较，表示“最强的”，应用powerful的最高级形式。故填most powerful。 2．考查冠词。句意：当“贝碧嘉”途经江苏昆山时，一起事故发生了。“accident”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一起事故”，且“accident”以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an来修饰。故填an。 3．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，两人在途经该区域时触电身亡。修饰整个句子，应用lucky的副词形式“unluckily”作状语，意为“不幸的是”，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Unluckily。 4．考查名词复数。句意：同上。“life”表示“生命”时为可数名词，空格前“their”修饰，应用其复数形式。故填lives。 5．考查介词。句意：他们的死亡为强风暴中的危险敲响了警钟。“serve as”为固定短语，意为“充当；起……作用”，符合语境。故填as。 6．考查定语从句。句意：许多奔赴重灾区的专业救援人员对每一栋受损建筑进行排查，利用热成像工具和搜救犬在废墟中寻找幸存者。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是“Many professional rescue workers”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，可用关系代词who或that来引导。故填who/that。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“searched”，所以此处应用damage的非谓语动词形式，因其与被修饰的名词“building”之间为被动关系，即建筑被损坏，所以应用其过去分词形式作定语，damaged building表示“受损的建筑”。故填damaged。 8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：他们不懈的努力集中在救人上，一些救援人员在废墟中挖掘，并现场实施急救。根据语境可知，此处描述台风过后救援的客观情况，应用一般过去时；主语“tireless efforts”与“focus”之间为被动关系，即“努力被集中在……”，应用被动语态；且主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were focused。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处与前文“digging through ruins”并列，应用provide的动名词形式，在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语。故填providing。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，即便强度减弱，它仍有可能带来一些降雨并影响该地区的天气状况。“be likely to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“有可能做某事”，所以此处应用动词bring的不定式形式。故填to bring。 $ Unit 2 Natural disasters 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 本单元主题是“人与自然”之“自然与自然灾害” 主题词汇积累 1.procedure n.程序,步骤,手续 2.tsunami n.海啸 3.odd adj.奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的 4.bubble n.泡沫,泡,气泡 5.typhoon n.台风 6.hurricane n.飓风 7.unearth vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到 8.port n.港口,避风港;港口城市 9.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的,耸入云霄的 10.ashy adj.覆盖着灰的;灰色的 11.dawn n.黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽 12.volcano n.火山 时文拓展阅读 　　As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. 　　Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. 　　The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding(编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” 　　Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. 　　Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. 　　“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 【译文欣赏】 随着城市规模的不断扩张，城市居民接触自然的机会正变得越来越难。若运气好，或许在居住地附近能找到一处小公园，但在城市中寻觅相对原始的自然空间实属罕见。 既往研究已发现自然环境对人类健康与福祉的益处，但一项新研究表明，城市区域的野生性对人类健康极为重要。 研究团队以一座大型城市公园为研究对象，对数百名公园游客展开调查，要求他们在线提交与自然互动的书面总结。研究人员对这些提交内容进行分析，将体验 编码 为不同类别。例如，某位参与者描述的“我们在海滩上坐下来听海浪声”，被归类为“坐在海滩”和“听海浪”两个类别。在320份提交中，研究人员发现了一种被称为“自然语言”的类别模式。经过对所有提交内容的编码分析，有六种类别被游客认为最为重要，包括邂逅野生动物、沿水边漫步以及遵循既定步道等。 为每种自然体验命名，能构建一套实用的交流语言，帮助人们识别并参与那些最令其感到满足与意义的活动。例如，周末在公园徒步时，沿着水边行走的体验可能让年轻职场人士感到满足。而在工作日返回市中心时，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受这种互动的居家化形式。 该研究的资深作者Peter Kahn表示：“我们正致力于开发一种语言，以帮助将人与自然的互动重新引入日常生活。为此，我们还需保护自然环境，以便能够与之互动。” 【词汇积累】 派生/合成词汇 1.usual adj.通常的→unusual adj.不寻常的  2.relative adj.相对的→relatively adv.相当地,相对地  3.wild adj.野生的→wildness n.荒野  4.meaning n.意义→meaningful adj.有意义的  5.interact v.互动;相互作用→interaction n.互动;相互作用  6.submit v.提交→submission n.提交的文件;提交,呈递  7.satisfy v.使满意,使满足→satisfying adj.令人满意的  8.well-being n.幸福,健康　　　　 9.downtown adv.在市中心 熟词生义 10. balloon v.(突然)膨胀　　　 11.pocket adj.小型的 高考真题链接 (2024浙江1月,C) 　　On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm(雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture(水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding. 　　Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.” 　　The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought,” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.” 　　One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes(龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.” 　　Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety. 1.What does the project aim to do? A.Conserve moisture in the soil.　　 B.Prevent the formation of hailstones. C.Forecast disastrous hailstorms.　　 D.Investigate chemical use in farming. 2.Who are opposed to the project? A.Farmers in east-central Alberta.　　 B.Managers of insurance companies. C.Provincial government officials.　　 D.Residents of Calgary and Edmonton. 3.Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999? A.To compare different kinds of seeding methods. B.To illustrate the development of big hailstorms. C.To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding. D.To show the link between storms and moisture. 4.What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right. B.Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada. C.The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared. D.Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist. 派生/合成词汇 1.basic adj.基本的;基础的→basically adv.大体上;基本上  2.province n.省;范围,领域→provincial adj.省的;首都以外的  3.personal adj.亲自做的;个人的,私人的→personally adv.亲自,本人直接地;就个人而言  4.oppose v.反对,抵制;与……对垒→opposite adj.相反的;对面的  5.concern v.与……有关;涉及,影响;担忧→concerning prep.关于;涉及  6.hailstone n.冰雹 7.downwind adv.顺风地;在下风处 熟词生义 8.threatening adj.阴沉沉的　9.thirsty adj.干旱的　10.address v.演说,演讲 综合实战演练 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 文章主要讲述了13岁女孩麦琪独自在家经历地震并成功自救的故事。 Passage2 阅读理解 新闻报道 文章讲述埃塞俄比亚北部海利古比火山近期突发喷发，火山灰影响多地并致航班取消，该火山此前无喷发记录，科学家借卫星图像对其展开研究。 Passage3 阅读理解 新闻报道 文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡遭受气旋袭击后，人们在灾难中团结互助，利用科技手段提高救援效率，展现了斯里兰卡人强大的志愿精神。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 介绍了加拿大森林火灾危机的原因和演变，对比了原住民传统可控燃烧的有效性与现代禁火政策导致的后果，并分析了气候变化下特大火灾的恶性循环及其对全球气候的深远影响。 Passage5 七选五 说明文 文章主要介绍了地震发生时和发生后的应对措施，强调了提前准备和了解安全知识的重要性。 Passage6 七选五 说明文 主要介绍了在夏季雷雨天气中五项实用的安全防护技巧。 Passage7 七选五 说明文 主要介绍了在台风来临时，为了保障安全、减少损失，人们应该遵循的关键应对措施，包括关注预警、储备物资、加固门窗和避开危险区域。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 介绍了台风的形成、影响，以及人们如何利用科技预测和应对台风。 Passage9 语法填空 说新闻报道 文章主要介绍了2024年第13号台风“贝碧嘉（Bebinca）”登陆上海后造成的破坏、昆山地区因台风引发的触电伤亡事故，以及灾后救援重建工作的开展和台风后续的移动趋势。 Passage 1 （25-26高一上·内蒙古赤峰·期末）Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster. One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip. After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear. After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement. While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large piece of wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconsciously onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience. 1．What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Maggie’s parents would get home at the same time. B．Maggie was used to earthquake-related preparations. C．Maggie didn’t know how to handle the disasters at all. D．Earthquakes frequently happened in Maggie’s living area. 2．What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very loud. B．Quite familiar. C．Perfectly clear. D．Really strange. 3．Why could Maggie know where the main water valve was? A．She learned it from her school textbook. B．She found it by accident in the basement. C．Her dad had shown her before the earthquake. D．Her mom told her on the phone during the earthquake. 4．How did Maggie feel when she woke up? A．Excited and shocked. B．Sad and disappointed. C．Grateful and lucky. D．Frightened and angry. Passage 2 （2026·海南海口·二模）Hayli Gubbi, a volcano in northern Ethiopia, erupted recently, sending a huge cloud of smoke and ash (灰) high into the air. The volcano had not erupted in recent history, and the ash cloud has spread into nearby countries, causing some flight delays. The eruption did not cause any injuries, but it did cover the nearby village Afdera with ash. Many people in Afdera raise animals, and now the ash is making it hard for the animals to find food. The huge cloud of ash blew out across the Red Sea. It crossed Yemen and Oman and fell on areas of Pakistan and northern India. Two of India’s airlines, Air India and Akasa, canceled several flights. Air India says it is checking its planes that flew near the ash cloud, since the ash can damage engines. The eruption of the volcano surprised many people. Before this eruption, there were no records of the Hayli Gubbi volcano ever erupting. Some experts believe that the volcano had been dormant for 10, 000 years or longer. But because Hayli Gubbi is in a very remote area, it’s also possible that earlier eruptions simply weren’t reported. Even with modern technology, the Afar region remains hard to access. Scientists have no choice but to study the volcano through satellite images. One volcano expert said that recent satellite images of Hayli Gubbi show “lava (熔岩) flows that are probably less than a few hundred years old.” The Afar region is known for its volcanoes and earthquakes. The area is part of the Afar rift, which is a place where the land is slowly pulling apart. This can lead to volcanoes and earthquakes. Since the Afar region is an active area for volcanoes, scientists did have some clues that an eruption was possible. Several other volcanoes in the Afar rift have erupted recently. And in July, 2025, a nearby volcano called Erta Ale erupted. It’s only about 11 kilometers away from Hayli Gubbi. 1．What do we know about the ash of the Hayli Gubbi eruption? A．It damaged Yemen’s plane engines. B．It affected farm animals’ daily life. C．It harmed the ecology of the Red Sea. D．It destroyed Afdera village. 2．What does the underlined word “dormant” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Rising. B．Moving. C．Inactive. D．Famous. 3．Why do scientists study the Hayli Gubbi volcano through satellite images? A．The volcano has new lava flows. B．It’s difficult to reach the volcano. C．The scientists’ technology is limited. D．There are frequent volcanic eruptions. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Methods of Studying Volcanoes B．Volcanic Activities in the Afar Region C．Impacts of Volcanic Ash on Flights D．A Volcano’s Unexpected Eruption Passage 3 （25-26高二上·全国·课后作业）A big storm called Cyclone Ditwah hit Sri Lanka, which has caused great damage in Sri Lanka, resulting in hundreds of deaths and leaving many homeless. However, something good happened too. People from different backgrounds are coming together to rescue those in need. Some, like actor GK Reginold, are using fishing boats to deliver basic supplies to communities. A group of activists, previously took part in political protests, have turned their organizational skills into establishing community kitchens to provide meals for the affected people in the storm. Social media is also playing an important role in bringing social efforts together. Volunteers have created online databases to match donations with those in need. This digital method is helping to better aid distribution (分配) and make sure supplies get to the right places. This new method has greatly promoted the effectiveness of the rescue work, showing the possibility of technology in time of disaster. Despite the challenges, the spirit of unity among Sri Lankans is evident. As one volunteer observed, the concern and kindheartedness for people’s suffering are proving to be greater than the destruction caused by the disaster. 1．What does the author mean by “However, something good happened too”? A．The cyclone was less serious than first reported. B．The storm brought people together in a positive way. C．The government finally improved its alarming system. D．International aid arrived earlier than expected. 2．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning online databases? A．To cheer people up. B．To praise IT companies from other countries. C．To show how the tech helps. D．To show social media can be trusted. 3．What is the key to the recovery of Sri Lanka? A．Fast help sharing. B．New technology. C．Strict government control. D．Volunteerism of its people. 4．How does the author find the spirit shown by Sri Lankans? A．Weak and poorly organized. B．Surprising but short-lived. C．Inspiring and powerful. D．Nice yet unnecessary. Passage 4 （25-26高三上·辽宁朝阳·期末）The Louis Creek Valley in British Columbia is green with Douglas firs (花旗松), but Joe Gilchrist, a fire keeper and 30-year firefighter, sees danger first. “Over 100 years since burning was banned, trees have overgrown,” he explains. “Dead trees and fallen branches add to fuel. A major fire is waiting.” Until the 1860s, the Secwepemc people were regularly setting small fires in spring and fall. These burns cleared undergrowth safely, preventing crown fires that jump between treetops. “Megafires (特大火灾) just weren’t possible, because the forest itself was biodiverse,” says Gilchrist. “It wasn’t a single-species stand of trees that are too close together, too over-aged, and with lots of fuel on the ground.” This practice was common across pre-Columbian Americas. European settlers described it in diaries as wasteful but now, experts see that they knew what they were doing. Lori Daniels, a professor of the University of British Columbia, has matched fire scars on tree rings with native oral history, finding evidence of the repeated low-scale burning. One tree in Tobacco Plains survived 52 fires, but fire-scar rings ceased in the 19th century when settlers banned traditional burning. “After World War II, fire control technology improved, but forests became weaker as fuel collected.65%-85% of today’s trees grew after native burning stopped,” says Daniels. “The thick forests we see exist because fires were controlled for decades.” Now, climate change has created a terrifying new normal. Hotter temperatures, drier conditions, and increased fuel have turned northern forests into fire traps. In 2023, Canadian fires burned over 37 million acres, releasing about 647 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. Some forests may never recover, and repeated big fires could turn them into grasslands. Worse, northern permanent frozen soil holds huge carbon; as global warming melts it, fires there can burn for months, releasing carbon trapped for thousands of years and pushing Earth toward a climate tipping point. As expert Flannigan warns, “We’re on a downward path. Until we address the root cause — our reliance on fossil fuels — warming and fires will worsen. There’s no way around it.” 1．Why does Joe Gilchrist see danger first in the Louis Creek Valley? A．Forests are being cut down. B．Too much fire fuel exists. C．Climate becomes extremely dry. D．Dead trees are not cleared timely. 2．What does Professor Lori Daniels’s research demonstrate? A．Native burning was randomly arranged. B．Native burning burnt down most of the forests. C．Native burning was once an effective practice. D．Native burning was recorded by European settlers. 3．Which is a mentioned consequence of large-scale forest fires? A．Balance of climate system. B．Control of fuel accumulation. C．Melting of permanent frozen soil. D．Reduction of forests’ carbon storage. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Native Wisdom: Key to Preventing Forest Fires B．Climate Change: Root of All Forest Disasters C．From Controlled Burns to Megafires: A Forest Crisis D．Fire Control Technology: A Solution to Forest Fires Passage5 （25-26高一上·山东济南·月考）Earthquakes are one of the most destructive natural disasters, often striking without warning and causing great damage. Understanding what to do during and after an earthquake can save lives. 1 If you are indoors when an earthquake hits, the first rule is to stay calm. Rushing outside in panic (惊慌地) can lead to injuries from falling objects. Instead, hide under a table or desk, holding on to one leg to stay balanced as the ground shakes. Avoid standing near windows, mirrors, or heavy furniture that could fall over. Once the shaking stops, check the environment around you before moving. Check for any immediate dangers, such as gas leaks (泄漏), or broken electrical wires, or structural damage. 2 If you smell gas, turn off the gas supply right away and open windows. For electrical issues, turn off the main power to prevent fires. If you are trapped under objects after an earthquake, saving energy is key. 3 Shout only when you hear rescuers nearby — non-stop shouting can waste energy and leave you very tired. Instead, tap on a pipe or wall with a hard object to let others know your location. This method is more useful and helps you use less energy, increasing your chances of being found. After an earthquake, communities often face long-term challenges, including homelessness, shortage of clean water, and the spread of disease. 4 Local governments and aid organizations set up shelters, give out food and water, and provide medical care to those in need. However, recovery takes time, and people can help by donating supplies or volunteering. By learning about earthquake safety measures and preparing an emergency kit in advance, you can protect yourself and your family when disaster strikes. 5 A．These problems require common efforts to solve. B．Every second matters in such a dangerous situation. C．Try to stay as quiet as possible to save your strength. D．Do not use elevators, as they may stop during the quake. E．Knowing what to do during the quake itself is important. F．Preparation is the best way to face such unexpected disasters. G．Never light a match or use a candle to check for any damage. Passage 6 （25-26高一上·广西百色·期中） How to Stay Safe During a Thunderstorm During the summer months, people spend more time outdoors, but the summer brings more than just hot weather, it is also lightning season. Lightning is not something to be taken lightly. 1 . However, there are ways that you can stay safe during a thunderstorm. Here are some tips on how to reduce your risk of being struck by lightning. Go inside as soon as possible Staying outside during a thunderstorm is very dangerous. You must be in a building where all the sides are enclosed. Even being in a car is safer than being outside. 2 . Stay low to the ground If you cannot get to a shelter, stay as low as possible, so that you are not the tallest thing around in a storm. 3 . Avoid places like fields, or hilltops and stay away from tall, isolated trees. 4 When your mother told you not to run water during a thunderstorm, she was right. Water is a dangerous conductor of electricity, which can travel through it in the pipes and enter your home. Don’t ignore thunder If you are close enough to hear thunder, you are close enough to get struck by lightning so take cover immediately. Lightning can actual strike 10 to 15 miles away from the core of the thunderstorm. Some lightning can strike an area where it is not raining yet. 5 . A．Avoid using running water B．Don’t touch anything connected to the outdoors C．If you are hiking on a mountain, go down and not up D．In fact, lightning is dangerous and can strike without warning E．So don’t stay in the pool or play an extra game until the rain starts F．Lightning can still strike even after the storm seems to have passed G．The metal shell of it spreads the lightning around you and to the ground Passage 7 （25-26高一上·广西柳州·月考）Typhoons (台风) are powerful natural disasters that bring strong winds, heavy rains, and storm waves, often causing big damage. But if we follow a clear plan — prepare early, protect well, and act wisely — we can keep ourselves safe and cut down losses a lot. 1 . Keep an eye on warnings 2 . Notice color-coded (颜色编码的) warnings (like red for the most extreme weather) in them and follow their guidance. Share warnings with family too, so everyone stays informed and ready to act fast if needed. 3 You’ll need basic supplies to get through the typhoon. Prepare at least three days’ worth of drinking water and non-spoiled food (like biscuits, canned food). Also pack a small emergency bag with: a flashlight, a power bank, common medicines, waterproof tape, a whistle, and some cash. Strengthen your home’s doors and windows Your house protects you from typhoons — keep it strong! Before the typhoon, check if your doors and windows are strong. And don’t forget the outside: bring in flower planters, clothes hangers, or even your bike. 4 . Stay away from dangerous places During a typhoon, your safety comes first. Never hang out outside, by windows, under billboards, near big trees, or by rivers. 5 . You can’t tell how deep the water is, and your car might get swept away. A．Prepare some food and water B．Store up emergency materials C．You must warn others of the danger D．Here are some key tips for you to remember E．And don’t try to drive through flooded roads F．Check official weather apps or local radio regularly G．If left outside, they might be blown away and hurt someone Passage 8 （25-26高一上·山东·月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typhoons are powerful storm systems that form over warm ocean water. They bring strong winds and heavy rain, 1 can lead to flooding and landslides. Understanding how typhoons develop and move is necessary for people living in coastal areas to prepare for their 2 (arrive). Weather experts use satellites and radar to track these storms from space. By 3 (examine) the data collected, they can predict (预测) the path and strength of a typhoon. This advanced warning allows governments 4 (make) preparations and, if necessary, organize the evacuation of people in dangerous areas. This technology 5 (improve) greatly over the years, making predictions more reliable than ever before. One of the key factors in a typhoon’s formation is the temperature of the ocean water. The warmer the water, 6 more energy the storm takes in. This is why typhoons are most common in late summer and early autumn when the sea surface is at its 7 (hot). Communication systems are 8 (extreme) important for spreading warnings quickly. Today, messages are sent through TV, radio, and mobile phones, making sure everyone receives the information in time. It is also suggested that families prepare emergency kits with food, water, and medicines. In short, 9 typhoons are among the most destructive. (毁灭性的) natural events, scientific progress greatly improves our ability to predict them in advance. With continuing research, we are sure to be better prepared 10 such natural events. Passage 9 （25-26高一上·云南昆明·月考）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Typhoon Bebinca, the 13th typhoon of the year 2024, made landfall in Shanghai on September 16, 2024. It quickly became the 1 (powerful) typhoon to hit Shanghai since 1949. The typhoon was so strong that it brought about significant damage and disruption. As Bebinca passed through Kunshan in Jiangsu Province, 2 accident happened. Strong winds brought down a 10-kilovolt power line on Monday afternoon. 3 (unlucky), two people lost their 4 (life) after being electrocuted (触电) while passing through the area. Their deaths served 5 a warning of the dangers in such powerful storms. After Typhoon Bebinca swept through, Shanghai and its surrounding areas immediately began comprehensive rescue and recovery work. Many professional rescue workers 6 rushed to the hardest-hit zones searched through every 7 (damage) building, using thermal imaging (热成像) tools and sniffer dogs to find people in ruins. Their tireless efforts 8 (focus) on saving people, with some rescuers digging through ruins and 9 (provide) first aid on the spot. According to the weather report, the storm was expected to move northwest and to become weaker on Tuesday night. However, even in its weakened state, it was still likely 10 (bring) some rainfall and affect the weather conditions in the region. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $