U1 Section A (Grammar Focus)-【木牍中考】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语同步教学优质课件（人教版·新教材）

该初中英语课件聚焦动词不定式作宾语补足语和目的状语，通过听歌填词、日常活动问答导入，从学生熟悉的生活情境提取例句，引导观察归纳语法规则，搭建从具体到抽象的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如用流行歌词激发兴趣，通过例句分析提升语法思维。分层作业（基础抄写、提升描述、拓展思维导图）发展学习能力，实例“双胞胎短文填空”联系生活，助力学生语言运用与自主学习，教师可直接使用结构化资源实施有效教学。

Grammar Focus 英 语 RJ 第4课时(4a-4c) 8年级下册 Unit 1 Time to Relax ※ 建议使用WPS2019以上版本打开 木牍中考-教学设计中心 制作 1. master the functions of infinitives (as adverbials & object complements); 2. use infinitives to show purpose or provide more information about a sentence’s object; 3. cultivate the awareness of balancing hobbies & rest. Learning goals Warmming up 01 Teaching procedures 02 Exercises 03 Homework 04 Contents I need somebody________ Somebody_________ Somebody __________ Somebody __________ It's easy ________ But it's never the same to heal to know to hold to have to say 听歌填词 Warming up I usually listen to music to relax. I usually go to the park to walk a dog. Look and say What do you do in your free time? Warming up What will you do this weekend? I decide to see a movie with my friends. I plan to go hiking with my parents. Warming up Look and say I usually listen to music to relax. I usually go to the park to walk a dog. I decide to see a movie with my friends. I plan to go hiking with my parents. 仔细观察这四个句子的结构，有什么相似之处呢？ Infinitive 动词不定式 Grammar Focus 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等。本单元重点讲解动词不定式作宾语补足语和目的状语。 Infinitive 动词不定式 Grammar Focus 动词不定式通常由“to+动词原形”构成，其中to 是不定式符号，没有实际意义，有时可以不带to。动词不定式的否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。 She asked me to plan a treasure hunt. 她要我策划一个寻宝游戏。 →She asked me not to plan a treasure hunt. 她要我不要策划一个寻宝游戏。 构成 Grammar Focus 动词不定式作宾语补足语 常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有 tell，ask，want，teach，encourage，expect，wish，invite，would like等。 He told us to have a rest. 他告诉我们休息一下。 I expect you to get over these difficulties. 我期待你克服这些困难。 用于解释说明宾语的动作或状态，通常用于宾语后面，构成“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 用法 Grammar Focus 不带to的情况 （1）在使役动词 let，make，have 之后作宾语补足语。 My parents let me watch cartoons for 20 minutes every night. 我父母允许我每晚看 20 分钟动画片。 I made Alice change her mind. 我让爱丽丝改变了想法。 My mother often has me clean my bedroom on weekends. 我妈妈经常让我在周末打扫卧室。 允许、放任（语气温和，无强制性） 迫使、强迫（语气强硬，有强制性） 让、叫、请（语气中性，偏“安排/请求”） Grammar Focus （2）在感官动词（短语）feel，hear，listen to，see， watch，notice，look at 之后作宾语补足语。 I saw her leave half an hour ago. 半小时前我看见她离开了。 She likes to listen to the birds sing in the morning. 她喜欢早上听鸟儿唱歌。 They are listening to the rain beating against the window.他们正听着雨点敲打窗户的声音。 注意：do 强调动作的全过程或经常性 doing 强调动作正在进行 Grammar Focus （3）help 后的动词不定式可带 to，也可不带 to。 Please help me（to）put up a tent. 请帮助我搭帐篷。 The teacher helped us (to) finish the group project. 老师帮我们完成了小组课题。 Grammar Focus 一感（feel）， 二听（hear，listen to）， 三让（have，make，let）， 四看（see，watch，notice，look at）， 半帮助（help）（即动词不定式在help 后面作宾语补足语时，to可有可无）。 巧记 动词不定式不带to的情况 Grammar Focus 动词不定式（to do 形式）作目的状语时，用来说明主句动作的目的，翻译时常带有 “为了” 的含义。 动词不定式(短语)作目的状语时, 通常放在句末，无需加逗号；也可放在句首，强调目的，需加逗号, 与后面的内容隔开。 动词不定式作状语 动词不定式分句具有副词的特性，可在句中作状语。 （1）动词不定式作目的状语 Grammar Focus To keep healthy, you should change your eating habits. 为了保持健康，你应该改变饮食习惯。 I get up early to catch the first bus. 我早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。 Grammar Focus I’m sorry to hear that. 听到那件事我很难过。 常接在作表语的形容词后面。 （2）动词不定式作原因状语 She is too young to go to school. 她太小了，不能上学。 常接用在“too... to”结构中。 （3）动词不定式作结果状语 Grammar Focus （1）动词不定式作主语 拓展其他用法 To become an excellent pilot is my dream. 成为一名优秀的飞行员是我的梦想。 动词不定式作主语时，一般位于句首，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 It’s difficult for me to play basketball. 对我来说，打篮球很难。 注意：动词不定式作主语时，可以将动词不定式放在后面，而用 it 作形式主语，这是为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻。 Grammar Focus （2）动词不定式作宾语 She hopes to visit the Great Wall next year. 她希望明年去参观长城。 We decided to have a picnic this weekend. 我们决定这个周末去野餐。 ①常接动词不定式作宾语的动词（短语）有 want，decide，hope，agree，wish，learn，choose，begin，plan，expect，forget，would like 等。 Grammar Focus I think it helpful to work out every day. 我认为每天锻炼很有帮助。 ②常用 it 作形式宾语，而将动词不定式放在后面作真正的宾语。 真正宾语 形式宾语 Grammar Focus （3）动词不定式作定语 Mount Huangshan is a good place to have fun. 黄山是个好玩的地方。 动词不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。 Her dream is to be a nurse. 她的梦想是当一名护士。 常位于系动词 be 后面。 （4）动词不定式作表语 Grammar Focus Read the sentences. Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial. 4a What do you do in your free time? How did you spend your weekend? How did you get into painting? What did your instructor say? I play the flute to relax. I went to the sports centre to ice-skate. I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. She told me not to give up so easily. 宾语(补足语) /ədˈvɜːbiəl/ 状语 滑冰；溜冰 开始做某事；进入 试一试某事 adverbial adverbial object complement object complement Some students are talking about their problems. Can you give them some useful advice on free time activities? 1. A: Thanks for your advice! It made me __________ (decide) to try skiing. B: You're welcome. Try ________(forget) your fears and have fun! 2. A: My cousin often asks me _________(fly) kites with her when it's windy.  B: That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you ________(fly) kites sometime. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 watch sb. do sth. 看某人做某事 to forget to fly fly decide Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 3. A: I love to watch kung fu movies _________(relax). B: Really? When I want _________(relax), I watch animal videos. 4. A: My parents told me ___________(not push) myself too hard. B: Yes, it's important ____________ (not forget) to relax once in a while. want to do sth. 想要做某事 tell sb. to do sth.—tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事 “it’s + 形容词 + not to do sth.” 是常用结构 to relax to relax not to push not to forget 用动词不定式 “to relax”作目的状语 v. 鞭策；推 n.推 Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4b 偶尔；间或 Tom and Tim are twin brothers. How do they spend their free time? Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. 4c (not) come do listen play spend stay watch My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends _________ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ___________ after that. He doesn't like sport very much! to play not to come 用动词不定式 “to play”作目的状语 decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事 一两次 Instead, he likes ______ at home and ________movies, _________to music, and chat with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying at home too much. They also wanted us ___________ more time together as a family. So, now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! to stay watch listen to spend do like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 adv. “相反”， 放句首/句尾 Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. 4c (not) come do listen play spend stay watch be worried about 担心…… go on an outing 出外游玩 What do you usually do outdoors? You can share like this: I usually go skateboarding outdoors to have fun. I think it’s a good way to enjoy the view along the way. 4c Show time Evaluation (评价机制) Stars Language Pronunciation Body language Describe correctly Excellent Great Good ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ ✭ Language Point 1. How did you get into painting? 你是怎么开始画画的? （1）开始做某事 get into She got into painting after taking a few art classes. 在上过几节美术课后，她就开始接触绘画了。 He easily got into the building through the open door. 他轻而易举地从开着的门进入了大楼。 （2）进入 近义短语：take up 开始学；开始从事 get into 还可表示“处于(某种情形)；养成(某种习惯) ”。 Nobody wants to get into trouble. 没有人想惹上麻烦。 She got into the habit of taking a nap at noon. 她养成了中午休憩的习惯。 Language Point 2. I saw my mother paint. I decided to give it a go. 我看到我母亲画画。我决定试一试。 此处 go 作名词，意为“尝试，一番努力”，give it a go 是英语中常用的口语表达，相当于 have a try。 give it a go 试一试某事 This maths problem may be too hard, but let’s give it a go first. 这道数学题也许太难，但我们先试一试吧。 It took three goes to get it right. 试了三次才把它弄好。 Language Point 3. It made me decide to try skiing. 它让我决定尝试滑雪。 辨析：try doing sth 与 try to do sth try doing sth try to do sth 尝试做某事 尽力做某事 强调试着做做看 强调想尽一切办法做 Did you ever try writing? 你曾经尝试过写作吗？ Don’t worry. I’ll try to deal with the problem. 不要担心。我将尽力处理这个问题。 Language Point 4. My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 我父母告诉我不要逼自己太狠。 ① 鞭策，督促 push v. 鞭策；推 n.推 My parents push me to study harder before the exam. 我父母催促我考试前更努力学习。 You can’t push your children too hard. 你不能把你的孩子们逼得太紧。 Language Point ② 推，推力 Give the car a push, and it will start. 推一下这辆车，它就能发动了。 The child needs a little push to climb up the step. 这个小孩需要一点推力才能爬上台阶。 反义词是 pull“拉” Language Point 5. Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 是的，不忘偶尔放松一下很重要。 once in a while 偶尔; 间或 相当于 from time to time。表示某个动作或事件并非频繁发生，而是间隔一段时间出现一次。 His grandpa goes fishing once in a while. 他的爷爷偶尔去钓鱼。 Once in a while, I help pack up things. 我偶尔帮忙整理东西。 Language Point Summary Grammar infinitive 不定式 Key words ice-skate, kung fu, push, chat, outing Expressions get into, give it a go, once in a while, go on an outing 1. How did you get into painting? 2. Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. Sentences 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 Exercises 1. Peter worked extra hours ___________ (make) enough money for the concert ticket. 2. Remember ____________ (not touch) the paintings when you are in the museum. 3. The coach expected the players ___________ (push) themselves harder during training. 4. It’s important for us ___________ (develop) the ability to ask questions. to make not to touch to push to develop 二、根据汉语提示完成句子（每空一词） 1. 在电视上看了篮球比赛后，汤姆开始打篮球。 After watching the basketball game on TV, Tom ________ _______ playing basketball. 2. 游乐场里的新过山车看起来很刺激。让我们去试试吧！ The new roller coaster in the amusement park looks exciting. Let's ________ ________ ________ ________! 3. 我爷爷年轻时经常练功夫。现在他仍然能展示一些基本动作。 My grandfather used to ________ ________ when he was young. He can still show some basic moves now. got into give it a go/try do kung fu 4. 有时，在一整天的学习之后，我喜欢听古典音乐来放松自己。 ________ ________ ________ ________, I like to listen to classical music to relax myself after a whole day's study. 5. 我们计划下个月去乡下郊游。我们可以在那里欣赏美丽的风景。 We plan to ________ ________ ________ ________ to the countryside next month. We can enjoy the beautiful scenery there. Once in a while go on an outing 二、根据汉语提示完成句子（每空一词） 提升作业 仿照4c来谈论或描述你和同伴的户外运动。 拓展作业 画出“动词不定式”用法的思维导图。 基础作业 1.熟读4b的对话; 2.抄写Grammar Focus表格中的句子。 Homework Thanks Class is over! Bye! Unit 1 $