题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇（新疆专用）（中考真题+热点话题练）-2026年中考英语总复习(新疆专用)

题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (新疆专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 说明文,科学技术 2 适中 阅读,说明文,篇章结构,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 3 适中 科普知识,说明文 4 较易 中华文化,说明文,传统工艺 5 较易 科普知识,说明文,身体部位 6 适中 说明文,方法/策略,意见/建议 7 较易 中华文化,说明文,电影与戏剧 8 容易 景点/建筑,城市,说明文,旅行 9 适中 科普知识,说明文,其他节日,最佳标题,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 10 较易 中华文化,说明文,饮料,推理判断,细节理解 11 较易 科普知识,说明文,音乐与舞蹈 12 较易 中华文化,食物,说明文 13 适中 中华文化,说明文,发明与创造,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 14 适中 科普知识,说明文,电影与戏剧 15 适中 科普知识,说明文,植物 【中考真题】 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 In 2024, China made great progress in science and technology. China’s “Dream” Research Ship China’s new ship, Mengxiang, or “Dream”, went into service in Guangdong on November 17. It was the largest scientific research ship that China had ever made on its own by 2024. Mengxiang has special tools and can dig up to 11 kilometers under the ocean floor (海床). Air China’s First Flight (飞行) of C919 On September 10, Air China’s first C919 aircraft (飞机) successfully completed its first flight. The flight took off from Beijing Capital International Airport and landed at Shanghai Hongqiao Airport. C919 aircraft can carry more passengers and cover a longer airline. One Rocket, Eight Satellites (卫星) On the morning of September 24, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center used the Jielong-3 rocket to successfully send eight satellites into space. The successful sea launch shows China’s strong abilities in space technology. China’s Shi Jian-19 Satellite Recovery (回收) On October 11, China successfully recovered its first reusable experimental Satellite, Shi Jian-19. It was launched on September 27 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks an important technological development of China. 1．What can Mengxiang do using its special tools? A．Recover reusable satellites. B．Carry more passengers and cover a longer airline. C．Send satellites into space. D．Dig up to 11 kilometers under the ocean floor. 2．When did Air China’s first C919 aircraft complete its first flight? A．On September 10.B．On September 24.C．On October 11. D．On November 17. 3．How many satellites were sent into space on September 24 according to the text? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 4．Where was Shi Jian-19 launched on September 27? A．From Shanghai Hongqiao Airport. B．From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. C．From Beijing Capital International Airport. D．From the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. 5．Where is the text probably from? A．A story book. B．A novel. C．A newspaper. D．A diary. 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 It is believed that reading is not only good for our self-development but also quite easy to do. There are so many benefits (好处) to read books. Reading is a good way to deal with stress. In one study, reading was found to be effective (有效的) in reducing stress. When you are reading books, you can keep the noisy world out and needn’t worry about the problems that bother you. This means that reading can help you feel relaxed. Reading protects brain health. If you read at least once a week, you probably have a better ability in understanding at an old age than those who do not. Because when you are reading, you actually keep thinking even imagining. And that is a good exercise for your mind. Reading is an excellent bedtime activity. On one hand, reading before bed can help you fall asleep in a shorter time. On the other hand, it is better for your eyes to hold a book while going to bed instead of your mobile phone. All in all, there is no doubt that reading is good for you. Why not pick up a book to read right now? 1．What does the underlined word “bother” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Trouble. B．Help. C．Encourage. D．Support. 2．You could have a better ability in understanding when you’re old if you read at least ________. A．twice a year B．once a year C．twice a week D．once a week 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A good way to deal with stress. B．The advantages of self-development. C．The benefits of reading books. D．An excellent bedtime activity. 【热点话题练习】 Laughter is a universal (全世界的) language for humans. It can help people to get on well with others. As children, we laugh when our parents make faces. Then we start to make others laugh like this. That’s how we learn to play jokes. But is playing jokes only humans’ ability? Scientists have found that some animals also have the ability. Sometimes we see dogs play jokes on each other. They come near slowly and then quickly run away. They may just want to have fun. It is also said that they could deal with their stress this way. Scientists say they have watched young apes (猿) play jokes. The young apes quietly follow adult apes and touch them secretly to surprise them. Then they playfully (调皮地) wait and watch what the adults would do. This action is similar to what human children do. Next time, when you find your pets doing something strange around you, maybe they are playing jokes with you. 1．As a universal language, laughter can help to________ in the passage. A．surprise others B．follow adults quietly C．come near slowly D．get on well with others 2．How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What do the young apes do after they touch the adults secretly? A．They playfully wait and watch. B．They run away quickly. C．They laugh loudly. D．They make faces. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．We laugh when our parents make faces. B．Some animals can play jokes. C．Dogs play jokes to deal with their stress. D．Young apes like playing jokes with adults. 根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Yangzhou paper cutting, with a history of 2000 years, can be dated back to the Sui Dynasty, making Yangzhou one of the places where paper cutting first became popular. In the Sui Dynasty, the people of Yangzhou would cut colorful paper or silk and satin (缎子) to celebrate festivals. It is said that Emperor Yang came to Yangzhou three times. In winter, the flowers and trees in the garden became dry and weak. The Emperor ordered the girl servants (仆人) to cut fine silk and satin into flowers and leaves and use them to decorate the trees and lakes, copying the looks of spring and summer nicely. Since then, “colorful cutting” has become a popular art in Yangzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, the paper-cutting industry was highly developed and a large amount of high-quality (质量) paper was made as presents to the Court (宫廷). In the Qing Dynasty, because of the economic (经济的) development, the people of Yangzhou became interested in wearing fine clothing, especially embroidered (刺绣的) clothing. The embroidered designs were based on paper cuts; the most well-known of them was from Bao Jun, a paper-cutting master. He won a high reputation (名声) as Magic Scissors for his wonderful cutting skills. After the People’s Republic of China was established, the Chinese government accepted the importance of paper cutting like many other arts and skills. In 2007, China Paper-cuts Museum opened to the public in the back garden of the Wang’s Residence (住所) in Yangzhou, greatly helping the development of Yangzhou paper cutting. 1．When did “colorful cutting” become popular in Yangzhou? A．In the Sui Dynasty. B．In the Tang Dynasty. C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In the Qing Dynasty. 2．The underlined word “decorate” in Paragraph 2 means_______ in Chinese. A．种植 B．装饰 C．浇水 D．砍伐 3．When did China Paper-cuts Museum open to the public? A．In 2007. B．In 2008. C．In 2009. D．In 2010. 4．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a poem. B．In a novel. C．In a magazine. D．In a dictionary. 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Bad breath (呼吸) is a big problem. It may make people feel bad if we have it when we are talking to them. Why do we have bad breath? If we don’t brush our teeth, bacteria (细菌) will live between our teeth and make our breath smell bad. Food like onions can also make us have bad breath. Smoking is an important reason (原因) for bad breath. How can we stop bad breath? Some people say that mouthwash (漱口剂) can make bad breath go away, but it’s not true. Mouthwash only stops bad breath for a short time. Some people also say that brushing teeth can stop bad breath. The fact is that most people only brush teeth for 30-45 seconds (秒). It doesn’t work at all. We should brush our teeth for about 2 minutes twice a day. If we don’t want to have bad breath, be sure to take good care of our teeth. 1．Bad breath is a big problem because ________. A．nobody likes to talk to people with bad breath B．everyone has bad breath C．it makes people feel bad D．it makes people fall ill 2．People should brush teeth for ________ every day. A．60 to 90 seconds B．30 to 45 seconds C．2 minutes D．about 240 seconds 3．How many reasons for bad breath are mentioned (提到) in the second paragraph (段落)? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．The passage talks about ________. A．reasons for bad breath B．reasons for bad breath and ways to stop it C．bacteria and bad breath D．how to brush teeth 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Would you like to make more friends and be a better person in high school? Here is some advice for you to be such a person of good character (性格). First, people with a good character do not tell a lie. They always tell the truth and keep their promises. For example, if a child promises his parents to be home on time, he keeps his word, so his parents will trust him next time. Second, being responsible means being glad to take on duties or tasks. It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made. A responsible person accepts the results of his or her actions and decisions, whether they are good or bad. Third, learn how to listen to others’ ideas without trying to make them accept yours. Be kind to others like the way you expect others to treat you. Finally, caring means treating others with understanding. Caring people are kind and they care the feelings of others. Try to help others when you can. Change your ways of helping others. A good character is not something you feel or show once in a while. It will last for a long time. By having a good character, you feel good about yourself and are able to make responsible decisions. 1．What do the people with good characters always do according to Paragraph 2? A．Be friendly and warm-hearted. B．Consider the feelings of others. C．Tell the truth and keep their promises. D．Be good at communicating with others. 2．Which of the following is being responsible? A．Listening to others’ ideas. B．Keeping your promises. C．Helping others as you can. D．Accepting your own mistakes. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Honest people always help others. B．Being fair means treating everyone differently. C．It’s best to talk about your failure with friends. D．Good characters can last for a long time. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to be more caring. B．To give information about being responsible. C．To explain the methods to develop a good character. D．To describe the importance of developing a good character. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． Beijing Opera is one of the traditional Chinese drama art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from many other drama forms, most from the local drama “Huiban”. It was especially popular in South China during the 18th century. Theatrical (戏剧的) art forms in many other countries do not have singing, dancing and spoken parts together in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer doesn’t speak or sing. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment. It includes spoken parts, singing and dancing. Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers of all, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. “You will doubt and sometimes be a little bored, but you will be interested gradually. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera, even if you know nothing about the drama background.” This is how one traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera! 1．Beijing Opera is ________ . A．unpopular in north China B．only developed from the local drama “Huiban” C．a much larger Chinese opera form D．a traditional Chinese drama art form 2．After watching Beijing Opera for the first time, the traveler felt ________ gradually. A．busy B．nervous C．interested D．uneasy 3．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph means ________ . A．Beijing Opera B．the local drama C．an opera singer D．a modern play 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Beijing Opera is a kind of entertainment. B．An opera singer neither dances nor speaks on stage usually. C．Only old people are interested in Beijing Opera. D．Mei Lanfang was the first one to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners. Hong Kong is a city that is full of surprises. You can find plenty of fun things to do here. Look for the Pink Dolphins Take a cruise (乘船游览) to look for the very endangered pink dolphins in the waters around Lantau Island. The pink dolphins are mainly found in the Pearl River Estuary and other nearby coastal areas, and are often seen around Hong Kong. But only 100 pink dolphins are left in local waters because of water pollution and boat traffic. Go Horse Racing Horse racing is a very popular sport in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Jockey Club has races on Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays. The Trip to Ocean Park and Water World Ocean Park and Water World are huge, fun entertainment parks which are great for kids or the young. The two parks are right next to each other. Shop at Stanley Market (赤柱市场) Hong Kong is famous as a shopping paradise (乐园). There are malls and shopping centers almost everywhere. But everyone who visits Hong Kong is sure to go to Stanley Market! 1．How can you see the pink dolphins? A．By ship. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By train. 2．Why are the pink dolphins in danger? A．Because people kill many dolphins. B．Because pink dolphins only live in Hong Kong. C．Because of water pollution and boat traffic. D．Because of air and water pollution. 3．Where is Ocean Park? A．Near Lantau Island. B．Near Water World. C．Near Stanley Market. D．Near Hong Kong Jockey Club. 4．According to the above reading, everyone that visits Hong Kong is sure to go to ________. A．Lantau Island B．Water World C．Ocean Park D．Stanley Market Do you know National Chopsticks Day? For about one quarter of the world’s population, chopsticks are their main eating tools for every meal. Just as Western children learn to use a knife and fork, many Asian children learn to use chopsticks, and they quickly become good at using them. For many Asian people, forks are an odd tool. Chopsticks can be made of wood, bamboo, plastic, bone, fine china or metal. In China, they are called kuaizi. Chopsticks have been in use for over 3,000 years. However, forks were not used in England until the 11th century. Chopsticks originated (起源于) in China and are used in many Asian countries. How their use was introduced to other countries is not known. Take part in National Chopsticks Day and use chopsticks for all of your meals. You can eat any food with chopsticks on the day. To make the day really special, use chopsticks to eat a homemade Chinese dish. Have fun with chopsticks on the day. Chopsticks manners: Improper (不恰当) use of chopsticks is even impolite. Don’t stick chopsticks upright into your food. It’s an insult. Don’t point at people with them. Don’t suck or chew on the ends of your chopsticks. 1．What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Strange B．Usual C．Expensive D．Cheap 2．Which of the following materials is NOT mentioned in the passage as being used to make chopsticks? A．Wood. B．Bamboo. C．Paper. D．Metal. 3．What will people that take part in National Chopsticks Day do? ① Eat any food with chopsticks. ② Eat homemade Chinese dishes with chopsticks. ③ Eat Western food with a knife and fork. A．①②③ B．①② C．②③ D．①③ 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．What can people do on National Chopsticks Day? B．What are chopsticks made of? C．How do children learn to use chopsticks? D．What are the proper chopsticks manners? 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The story of chopsticks B．National Chopsticks Day C．The history of chopsticks D．Chopsticks manners 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 This is a list of some Chinese teas. Green tea is the oldest and most popular kind of tea. It has been enjoyed in China for several thousand years. Green tea is made from the new shoots (芽) of the tea leaves which are dried and processed. Longjing may be the most well-known brand of green tea. In Chinese and the languages of neighboring countries, black tea is known as “red tea”. It is made from the new shoots of the tea leaves which are fermented (发酵) and dried. It has a lovely red color. Dianhong and Yixing are popular brands of black tea. Wulong tea, also known as blue tea, is made from a mixture (混合物) of green tea and black Wulong tea. It is said that people who drink Wulong tea can lose weight (减肥). Wenshan Baozhong Tea and Dongding Wulong Tea are two famous brands of this popular tea. White tea is unfermented tea that has been quickly dried. It is lighter in color than other kinds of tea. Popular brands of white tea are White Peony and Silver Needle. 1．Which is the oldest kind of tea according to the passage? A．Blue tea. B．Green tea. C．White tea. D．Yellow tea. 2．What kind of tea is also known as “red tea”? A．Black tea. B．White tea. C．Green tea. D．Blue tea. 3．If Linda wants to lose weight, she may like to drink ______. A．Longjing B．Dianhong C．White Peony D．Dongding Wulong Tea 4．Who might be interested in the passage? A．Those who live in Hangzhou. B．Those who are going to travel to Africa. C．Those who are interested in Chinese tea. D．Those who like to drink water. When you’re feeling down, the right song can make you smile. It can also calm you down when you’re worried. Music may also help make your brain work better. It may even help keep you healthy. Why does music have these powers? It may be because people’s bodies have natural rhythm (节奏). Different kinds of music can influence you in different ways. Most stores play soft music, because soft music can make people relaxed and stay longer in a shop. And the longer shoppers stay in a store, the more things they buy in it. So stores try to play soft music to make people buy more things. For sick people, music can help make them get well again. Doctors believe that music is just as important as medicine in treating patients. When you’re sick, try to listen to the soft and relaxing music. If you’re upset, play a favorite song and tell someone how it makes you feel. A group of sad teenagers shared their favorite songs with each other. Each teen explained why he or she liked the song. After talking about it, the teenagers said they felt better. Many studies have tried to explain how music influences learning. Don Campbell, an expert on the powers of music, believes music can make people, even babies, smarter, healthier and happier. Not everyone believes it. And people believe more research is needed to prove (证明) that music has these influences. 1．What can music do when you’re worried according to the passage? A．Make you feel upset. B．Calm you down. C．Make you buy more things. D．Help you get sick. 2．Music is able to change how you feel and make your brain work better because __________. A．people’s bodies have natural rhythms B．people like listening to music C．music changes the way we think D．music can serve as a kind of medicine 3．Why do most stores play soft music? A．Because they want people to be happy. B．Because they want people to buy more things. C．Because they want people to be healthy. D．Because they want people to calm down. 4．What is Campbell’s idea? A．We should listen to music while studying. B．Music has a lot of bad influences on children’s health. C．We shouldn’t make children listen to a lot of music. D．Music can make people feel better. 5．The passage may come from a magazine called __________. A．Job & Occupation B．Health & Food C．Family & School D．Music & Movie 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Xinjiang Food Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a beautiful place with sweet fruit as well as kind people. They can sing and dance beautifully. And the food in Xinjiang is also famous. Let’s have a look!Naan As the saying goes, “One can go without eating meat for three days, but can’t live one day without naan.” Naan is a traditional food with a history of over 2,000 years in Xinjiang. People usually cook it in a clay oven (泥炉). The shape of the food is round. People think it can bring good luck to them. They like to share the food with others because they want to share good luck.Xinjiang Big Plate Chicken It’s a famous dish and you can find it all over the country. A cook called Li Shilin created it about 20 years ago. At that time, people enjoyed the taste of the dish, but they thought a small plate wasn’t enough. This is why Li decided to cook a whole chicken one day, and put it in a big plate for his guests. The dish tastes really good.Xinjiang Hand-pulled Noodles Xinjiang Hand-pulled Noodles, also known as Latiaozi, are a kind of popular Xinjiang food. People introduced the cooking way of noodles to Xinjiang from other parts of northwest China. The locals (当地人) add mutton and all kinds of vegetables to the dish. The cooking of the noodles attracts (吸引) lots of people’s interest and they all like to watch it, especially pulling noodles. 1．What can we learn from the saying in Paragraph 2? A．People in Xinjiang eat naan to keep healthy. B．Meat is the most important food in Xinjiang. C．Naan is very important for people in Xinjiang. D．People in Xinjiang need to eat meat every day. 2．How do people cook Naan? A．They usually cook it in a small plate. B．They usually cook it in a clay oven. C．They usually cook it in a big plate. D．They usually cook it in a big bowl. 3．Li Shilin created the Big Plate Chicken to ________. A．make more money B．save more time C．meet the needs of his guests D．meet the needs of his family 4．What do people think of the cooking of Hand-pulled Noodles? A．It’s easy. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s boring. D．It’s interesting. 5．Where can we read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a story book. C．In a history book. D．In a science magazine. It is said that tea can improve the creative power of the literary (文学的) artists in ancient China. According to Lu Yu’s Tea Classics, tea drinking in China can be traced back (追溯) to the Zhou Dynasty—tea was discovered by Shen Nong and became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong. Tea drinking in China has a history of four thousand years. As the legend (传说) has it, Shen Nong tasted hundreds of wild plants to see which were poisonous, in order to prevent people from eating poisonous plants. It is said that he was once poisoned but was saved by eating some leaves from an evergreen plant with white flowers. Later, people called the leaves that saved his life “cha”. In modern times, people still keep tea drinking as one of their daily activities. According to the study, tea can also have effects on some modern illnesses. To those who have to work with computers for a long time, drinking tea can help them to build up a wall against the computer radiation. To those who may have too much fat, drinking tea can help them to recreate a new balance in their bodies. And to those aged people, drinking tea is also a good way to keep a calm mood for a longer life. 1．Tea drinking in China can be traced back to ________. A．the Zhou Dynasty B．the Xia Dynasty C．the Qing Dynasty D．the Tang Dynasty 2．The underlined word “poisonous” in the passage means “________” in Chinese. A．供饮用的 B．美味的 C．多姿多彩的 D．有毒的 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Shen Nong was once poisoned. B．Shen Nong was a hero. C．The birth of tea. D．Tea became popular. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The legend of Shen Nong. B．The history of tea drinking in China. C．Drinking tea can help people live longer. D．Tea can have effects on some modern illnesses. 5．Which of the following statements is wrong? A．Tea was discovered by Shen Nong. B．Tea drinking in China has a history of four thousand years. C．It is said that Shen Nong was never poisoned while discovering tea. D．Tea can also have effects on some modern illnesses. Have you seen circles, squares and triangles (三角形) everywhere in your daily life? Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features (特征) of characters in the scenes. Circles represent (象征) things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces. All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies— heroes, kids, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In Up, Carl, an elderly man, has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell, an 8-year-old boy with a round face, always wears round medals. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. The angriest shape is the triangle. If you look at the bad guys in cartoons, you’ll find they’re all drawn with plenty of points and triangles. And triangles are stable and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, next time you see a film, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “stable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．完整的 B．稳固的 C．常见的 D．规则的 3．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A．B． C． D． 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．The history of using shapes in cartoons and films. B．How different shapes are used to show characters’ personalities in films. C．Why circles are more popular than squares and triangles in films. D．The differences between cartoon films and other kinds of films. 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 ①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds (种子), too. New plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants grow this way, they are too crowded (拥挤的) to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places. There are many ways for seeds to travel. ②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They roll along the ground, dropping off their seeds. ③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it. They may travel many miles before they stop. ④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far. How? These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride. Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too. ⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals. 1．What will happen if new plants are crowded? A．Some of them will travel. B．Some of them will die. C．Some of them can grow taller. D．Some of them can live better. 2．The underlined word “spread” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．张开 B．分摊 C．伸展 D．传播 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The growth of the plants. B．The kinds of the seeds. C．The parts of the plants. D．The travel of the seeds. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型07 阅读理解之说明文15篇 (新疆专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 较易 说明文,科学技术 2 适中 阅读,说明文,篇章结构,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 3 适中 科普知识,说明文 4 较易 中华文化,说明文,传统工艺 5 较易 科普知识,说明文,身体部位 6 适中 说明文,方法/策略,意见/建议 7 较易 中华文化,说明文,电影与戏剧 8 容易 景点/建筑,城市,说明文,旅行 9 适中 科普知识,说明文,其他节日,最佳标题,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 10 较易 中华文化,说明文,饮料,推理判断,细节理解 11 较易 科普知识,说明文,音乐与舞蹈 12 较易 中华文化,食物,说明文 13 适中 中华文化,说明文,发明与创造,词句猜测,主旨大意,细节理解 14 适中 科普知识,说明文,电影与戏剧 15 适中 科普知识,说明文,植物 【中考真题】 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 In 2024, China made great progress in science and technology. China’s “Dream” Research Ship China’s new ship, Mengxiang, or “Dream”, went into service in Guangdong on November 17. It was the largest scientific research ship that China had ever made on its own by 2024. Mengxiang has special tools and can dig up to 11 kilometers under the ocean floor (海床). Air China’s First Flight (飞行) of C919 On September 10, Air China’s first C919 aircraft (飞机) successfully completed its first flight. The flight took off from Beijing Capital International Airport and landed at Shanghai Hongqiao Airport. C919 aircraft can carry more passengers and cover a longer airline. One Rocket, Eight Satellites (卫星) On the morning of September 24, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center used the Jielong-3 rocket to successfully send eight satellites into space. The successful sea launch shows China’s strong abilities in space technology. China’s Shi Jian-19 Satellite Recovery (回收) On October 11, China successfully recovered its first reusable experimental Satellite, Shi Jian-19. It was launched on September 27 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. It marks an important technological development of China. 1．What can Mengxiang do using its special tools? A．Recover reusable satellites. B．Carry more passengers and cover a longer airline. C．Send satellites into space. D．Dig up to 11 kilometers under the ocean floor. 2．When did Air China’s first C919 aircraft complete its first flight? A．On September 10.B．On September 24.C．On October 11. D．On November 17. 3．How many satellites were sent into space on September 24 according to the text? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. D．Eight. 4．Where was Shi Jian-19 launched on September 27? A．From Shanghai Hongqiao Airport. B．From the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. C．From Beijing Capital International Airport. D．From the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center. 5．Where is the text probably from? A．A story book. B．A novel. C．A newspaper. D．A diary. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍2024年中国科技取得的几项巨大进步。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mengxiang has special tools and can dig up to 11 kilometers under the ocean floor (海床).”可知，梦想拥有特殊的工具，能够深入海底11公里进行挖掘。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“On September 10, Air China’s first C919 aircraft (飞机) successfully completed its first flight.”可知，9月10日，中国国航的首架C919飞机成功完成了首次飞行。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“On the morning of September 24, the Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center used the Jielong-3 rocket to successfully send eight satellites into space.”可知，9月24日上午，太原卫星发射中心使用“捷龙三号”运载火箭成功将八颗卫星送入太空。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“...Shi Jian-19. It was launched on September 27 from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.”可知，实践十九号卫星于9月27日从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍2024年中国科技取得的几项巨大进步，所以推测可能在报纸上看到这篇文章，故选C。 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 It is believed that reading is not only good for our self-development but also quite easy to do. There are so many benefits (好处) to read books. Reading is a good way to deal with stress. In one study, reading was found to be effective (有效的) in reducing stress. When you are reading books, you can keep the noisy world out and needn’t worry about the problems that bother you. This means that reading can help you feel relaxed. Reading protects brain health. If you read at least once a week, you probably have a better ability in understanding at an old age than those who do not. Because when you are reading, you actually keep thinking even imagining. And that is a good exercise for your mind. Reading is an excellent bedtime activity. On one hand, reading before bed can help you fall asleep in a shorter time. On the other hand, it is better for your eyes to hold a book while going to bed instead of your mobile phone. All in all, there is no doubt that reading is good for you. Why not pick up a book to read right now? 1．What does the underlined word “bother” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Trouble. B．Help. C．Encourage. D．Support. 2．You could have a better ability in understanding when you’re old if you read at least ________. A．twice a year B．once a year C．twice a week D．once a week 3．Which is the right structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2, ...) A． B． C． D． 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A good way to deal with stress. B．The advantages of self-development. C．The benefits of reading books. D．An excellent bedtime activity. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍读书的好处。 1．词句猜测题。根据“When you are reading books, you can keep the noisy world out and needn’t worry about the problems that bother you.”可知，当你读书时，你可以将喧闹的世界拒之门外，也不必为那些……你的问题而烦恼。由此可知，应该是因为困扰自己的问题而烦恼，此处“bother”与“Trouble”语意相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“If you read at least once a week, you probably have a better ability in understanding at an old age than those who do not.”可知，如果你每周至少阅读一次，那么到了老年时，你的理解能力可能会比那些不阅读的人更强。故选D。 3．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第一段总述读书的重要性，第二到四段具体介绍读书的好处，第五段进行总结。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。分析文章内容可知，本文主要介绍读书的好处。故选C。 【热点话题练习】 Laughter is a universal (全世界的) language for humans. It can help people to get on well with others. As children, we laugh when our parents make faces. Then we start to make others laugh like this. That’s how we learn to play jokes. But is playing jokes only humans’ ability? Scientists have found that some animals also have the ability. Sometimes we see dogs play jokes on each other. They come near slowly and then quickly run away. They may just want to have fun. It is also said that they could deal with their stress this way. Scientists say they have watched young apes (猿) play jokes. The young apes quietly follow adult apes and touch them secretly to surprise them. Then they playfully (调皮地) wait and watch what the adults would do. This action is similar to what human children do. Next time, when you find your pets doing something strange around you, maybe they are playing jokes with you. 1．As a universal language, laughter can help to________ in the passage. A．surprise others B．follow adults quietly C．come near slowly D．get on well with others 2．How many kinds of animals are mentioned in the passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．What do the young apes do after they touch the adults secretly? A．They playfully wait and watch. B．They run away quickly. C．They laugh loudly. D．They make faces. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．We laugh when our parents make faces. B．Some animals can play jokes. C．Dogs play jokes to deal with their stress. D．Young apes like playing jokes with adults. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家们发现一些动物也有开玩笑能力。 1．细节理解题。根据“Laughter is a universal language for humans. It can help people to get on well with others.”可知，作为一种普遍的语言，笑可以起到帮助与他人相处融洽作用，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes we see dogs play jokes on each other.”和第三段首句“Scientists say they have watched young apes play jokes.”可知，文章中提到了狗、猿两种动物，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The young apes quietly follow adult apes and touch them secretly to surprise them. Then they playfully wait and watch what the adults would do.”可知，年轻的类人猿在偷偷触摸成年猿后，顽皮地等着看大人会怎么做，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“But is playing jokes only humans’ ability? Scientists have found that some animals also have the ability.以及通读全文，可知本文主要介绍了科学家们发现一些动物也有开玩笑能力，因此这篇文章主要讲有些动物会开玩笑，故选B。 根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。 Yangzhou paper cutting, with a history of 2000 years, can be dated back to the Sui Dynasty, making Yangzhou one of the places where paper cutting first became popular. In the Sui Dynasty, the people of Yangzhou would cut colorful paper or silk and satin (缎子) to celebrate festivals. It is said that Emperor Yang came to Yangzhou three times. In winter, the flowers and trees in the garden became dry and weak. The Emperor ordered the girl servants (仆人) to cut fine silk and satin into flowers and leaves and use them to decorate the trees and lakes, copying the looks of spring and summer nicely. Since then, “colorful cutting” has become a popular art in Yangzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, the paper-cutting industry was highly developed and a large amount of high-quality (质量) paper was made as presents to the Court (宫廷). In the Qing Dynasty, because of the economic (经济的) development, the people of Yangzhou became interested in wearing fine clothing, especially embroidered (刺绣的) clothing. The embroidered designs were based on paper cuts; the most well-known of them was from Bao Jun, a paper-cutting master. He won a high reputation (名声) as Magic Scissors for his wonderful cutting skills. After the People’s Republic of China was established, the Chinese government accepted the importance of paper cutting like many other arts and skills. In 2007, China Paper-cuts Museum opened to the public in the back garden of the Wang’s Residence (住所) in Yangzhou, greatly helping the development of Yangzhou paper cutting. 1．When did “colorful cutting” become popular in Yangzhou? A．In the Sui Dynasty. B．In the Tang Dynasty. C．In the Ming Dynasty. D．In the Qing Dynasty. 2．The underlined word “decorate” in Paragraph 2 means_______ in Chinese. A．种植 B．装饰 C．浇水 D．砍伐 3．When did China Paper-cuts Museum open to the public? A．In 2007. B．In 2008. C．In 2009. D．In 2010. 4．Where can we probably find the passage? A．In a poem. B．In a novel. C．In a magazine. D．In a dictionary. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了扬州剪纸的历史发展，从隋朝的起源、唐朝的兴盛、清朝的工艺提升到现代的保护与传承。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the Sui Dynasty, the people of Yangzhou would cut colorful paper or silk and satin to celebrate festivals.”及“Since then, ‘colorful cutting’ has become a popular art in Yangzhou.”可知，“彩色剪纸”在隋朝开始流行。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“use them to decorate the trees and lakes, copying the looks of spring and summer nicely.”可知，宫女们用丝绸剪成的花叶来“装饰”树木和湖泊，选项B“装饰”最符合“用物品美化环境”的语义。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In 2007, China Paper-cuts Museum opened to the public...”可知，中国剪纸博物馆于2007年对外开放。故选A。 4．推理判断题。本文介绍扬州剪纸的历史与文化，属于文化类文章，最可能出现在杂志上。故选C。 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Bad breath (呼吸) is a big problem. It may make people feel bad if we have it when we are talking to them. Why do we have bad breath? If we don’t brush our teeth, bacteria (细菌) will live between our teeth and make our breath smell bad. Food like onions can also make us have bad breath. Smoking is an important reason (原因) for bad breath. How can we stop bad breath? Some people say that mouthwash (漱口剂) can make bad breath go away, but it’s not true. Mouthwash only stops bad breath for a short time. Some people also say that brushing teeth can stop bad breath. The fact is that most people only brush teeth for 30-45 seconds (秒). It doesn’t work at all. We should brush our teeth for about 2 minutes twice a day. If we don’t want to have bad breath, be sure to take good care of our teeth. 1．Bad breath is a big problem because ________. A．nobody likes to talk to people with bad breath B．everyone has bad breath C．it makes people feel bad D．it makes people fall ill 2．People should brush teeth for ________ every day. A．60 to 90 seconds B．30 to 45 seconds C．2 minutes D．about 240 seconds 3．How many reasons for bad breath are mentioned (提到) in the second paragraph (段落)? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 4．The passage talks about ________. A．reasons for bad breath B．reasons for bad breath and ways to stop it C．bacteria and bad breath D．how to brush teeth 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要探讨了口臭这一大问题，阐述了口臭会让人感觉不适，分析了口臭产生的原因，如不刷牙、食用洋葱类食物、吸烟等，还介绍了应对口臭的方法，如正确使用漱口剂、正确刷牙等，展现了口臭相关原因及解决办法等方面的内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“It may make people feel bad if we have it when we are talking to them.”可知，口臭是一个大问题是因为当我们和别人交谈时有口臭会让人感觉不好。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“We should brush our teeth for about 2 minutes twice a day.”可知，人们应该每天刷牙两次，每次大约2分钟，一天总共大约240秒。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Why do we have bad breath? If we don’t brush our teeth, bacteria (细菌) will live between our teeth and make our breath smell bad. Food like onions can also make us have bad breath. Smoking is an important reason (原因) for bad breath.”可知，第二段提到了不刷牙、吃洋葱类食物、吸烟这三个导致口臭的原因。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章第二段讲了口臭的原因，第三段讲了阻止口臭的方法，所以这篇文章主要讲的是口臭的原因和阻止口臭的方法。故选B。 阅读下面短文，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Would you like to make more friends and be a better person in high school? Here is some advice for you to be such a person of good character (性格). First, people with a good character do not tell a lie. They always tell the truth and keep their promises. For example, if a child promises his parents to be home on time, he keeps his word, so his parents will trust him next time. Second, being responsible means being glad to take on duties or tasks. It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made. A responsible person accepts the results of his or her actions and decisions, whether they are good or bad. Third, learn how to listen to others’ ideas without trying to make them accept yours. Be kind to others like the way you expect others to treat you. Finally, caring means treating others with understanding. Caring people are kind and they care the feelings of others. Try to help others when you can. Change your ways of helping others. A good character is not something you feel or show once in a while. It will last for a long time. By having a good character, you feel good about yourself and are able to make responsible decisions. 1．What do the people with good characters always do according to Paragraph 2? A．Be friendly and warm-hearted. B．Consider the feelings of others. C．Tell the truth and keep their promises. D．Be good at communicating with others. 2．Which of the following is being responsible? A．Listening to others’ ideas. B．Keeping your promises. C．Helping others as you can. D．Accepting your own mistakes. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Honest people always help others. B．Being fair means treating everyone differently. C．It’s best to talk about your failure with friends. D．Good characters can last for a long time. 4．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To encourage people to be more caring. B．To give information about being responsible. C．To explain the methods to develop a good character. D．To describe the importance of developing a good character. 5．What’s the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文介绍高中阶段培养良好性格的四条建议，包括诚实、有责任心、学会倾听和关心他人，说明其持久性与意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“First, people with a good character do not tell a lie. They always tell the truth and keep their promises.”可知，性格好的人总是说实话并信守承诺，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Second, being responsible means being glad to take on duties or tasks. It also means being willing to accept the mistakes you have made.”可知，有责任心意味着愿意接受自己的错误，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“A good character is not something you feel or show once in a while. It will last for a long time.”可知，良好的性格会持续很长时间，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Here is some advice for you to be such a person of good character (性格).”可知，文章目的是介绍培养良好性格的方法，故选C。 5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起提出建议，第二至五段分述四条具体建议，第六段总结，文章为总分总结构，故选B。 Beijing Opera is one of the traditional Chinese drama art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history of about 200 years, it is developed from many other drama forms, most from the local drama “Huiban”. It was especially popular in South China during the 18th century. Theatrical (戏剧的) art forms in many other countries do not have singing, dancing and spoken parts together in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer doesn’t speak or sing. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment. It includes spoken parts, singing and dancing. Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers of all, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries. “You will doubt and sometimes be a little bored, but you will be interested gradually. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera, even if you know nothing about the drama background.” This is how one traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera. Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera! 1．Beijing Opera is ________ . A．unpopular in north China B．only developed from the local drama “Huiban” C．a much larger Chinese opera form D．a traditional Chinese drama art form 2．After watching Beijing Opera for the first time, the traveler felt ________ gradually. A．busy B．nervous C．interested D．uneasy 3．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph means ________ . A．Beijing Opera B．the local drama C．an opera singer D．a modern play 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Beijing Opera is a kind of entertainment. B．An opera singer neither dances nor speaks on stage usually. C．Only old people are interested in Beijing Opera. D．Mei Lanfang was the first one to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了京剧的发展渊源、艺术特色、传播情况以及其作为中国国粹的文化价值，还引用了游客的体验说明京剧的吸引力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Beijing Opera is one of the traditional Chinese drama art forms and the largest Chinese opera form.”可知，京剧是中国传统戏曲艺术形式之一。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“You will doubt and sometimes be a little bored, but you will be interested gradually.”可知，这位游客说，第一次看京剧时，你会怀疑，有时会有点无聊，但你会逐渐感兴趣。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第5段“Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions.”可知，前半句主语是京剧，后半句的it指代前文提到的同一事物，即京剧。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第4段游客对第一次看京剧的体验描述，能看出京剧能吸引不同的人，文中并未提及“只有老人对京剧感兴趣”，该表述与原文不符；根据第2段“Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment.”可知A项表述正确；根据第2段“An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage”可知B项表述正确；根据第3段“Mei Lanfang… was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners”可知D项表述正确。故选C。 Hong Kong is a city that is full of surprises. You can find plenty of fun things to do here. Look for the Pink Dolphins Take a cruise (乘船游览) to look for the very endangered pink dolphins in the waters around Lantau Island. The pink dolphins are mainly found in the Pearl River Estuary and other nearby coastal areas, and are often seen around Hong Kong. But only 100 pink dolphins are left in local waters because of water pollution and boat traffic. Go Horse Racing Horse racing is a very popular sport in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Jockey Club has races on Wednesdays, Saturdays and Sundays. The Trip to Ocean Park and Water World Ocean Park and Water World are huge, fun entertainment parks which are great for kids or the young. The two parks are right next to each other. Shop at Stanley Market (赤柱市场) Hong Kong is famous as a shopping paradise (乐园). There are malls and shopping centers almost everywhere. But everyone who visits Hong Kong is sure to go to Stanley Market! 1．How can you see the pink dolphins? A．By ship. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By train. 2．Why are the pink dolphins in danger? A．Because people kill many dolphins. B．Because pink dolphins only live in Hong Kong. C．Because of water pollution and boat traffic. D．Because of air and water pollution. 3．Where is Ocean Park? A．Near Lantau Island. B．Near Water World. C．Near Stanley Market. D．Near Hong Kong Jockey Club. 4．According to the above reading, everyone that visits Hong Kong is sure to go to ________. A．Lantau Island B．Water World C．Ocean Park D．Stanley Market 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍香港是充满惊喜的城市，还推荐了寻找中华白海豚、看赛马、逛海洋公园等多个有趣的游玩去处。 1．细节理解题。根据“Take a cruise (乘船游览) to look for the very endangered pink dolphins in the waters around Lantau Island.”可知，要乘坐游船去看粉红海豚，by ship表示“乘船”，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“But only 100 pink dolphins are left in local waters because of water pollution and boat traffic.”可知，粉红海豚濒危的原因是水污染和船只通行，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ocean Park and Water World are huge...The two parks are right next to each other.”可知海洋公园和水上乐园彼此紧挨着，即海洋公园在水上乐园附近，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“But everyone who visits Hong Kong is sure to go to Stanley Market!”可知，每个去香港游玩的人肯定都会去赤柱市场，故选D。 Do you know National Chopsticks Day? For about one quarter of the world’s population, chopsticks are their main eating tools for every meal. Just as Western children learn to use a knife and fork, many Asian children learn to use chopsticks, and they quickly become good at using them. For many Asian people, forks are an odd tool. Chopsticks can be made of wood, bamboo, plastic, bone, fine china or metal. In China, they are called kuaizi. Chopsticks have been in use for over 3,000 years. However, forks were not used in England until the 11th century. Chopsticks originated (起源于) in China and are used in many Asian countries. How their use was introduced to other countries is not known. Take part in National Chopsticks Day and use chopsticks for all of your meals. You can eat any food with chopsticks on the day. To make the day really special, use chopsticks to eat a homemade Chinese dish. Have fun with chopsticks on the day. Chopsticks manners: Improper (不恰当) use of chopsticks is even impolite. Don’t stick chopsticks upright into your food. It’s an insult. Don’t point at people with them. Don’t suck or chew on the ends of your chopsticks. 1．What does the underlined word “odd” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Strange B．Usual C．Expensive D．Cheap 2．Which of the following materials is NOT mentioned in the passage as being used to make chopsticks? A．Wood. B．Bamboo. C．Paper. D．Metal. 3．What will people that take part in National Chopsticks Day do? ① Eat any food with chopsticks. ② Eat homemade Chinese dishes with chopsticks. ③ Eat Western food with a knife and fork. A．①②③ B．①② C．②③ D．①③ 4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．What can people do on National Chopsticks Day? B．What are chopsticks made of? C．How do children learn to use chopsticks? D．What are the proper chopsticks manners? 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The story of chopsticks B．National Chopsticks Day C．The history of chopsticks D．Chopsticks manners 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了全国筷子节、筷子的材质、历史以及使用礼仪等内容。   1．词句猜测题。根据“For many Asian people, forks are an odd tool.”可知，对许多亚洲人来说，叉子是一种奇怪的工具，所以划线部分的含义是“奇怪的”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Chopsticks can be made of wood, bamboo, plastic, bone, fine china or metal.”可知，筷子可以用木头、竹子、塑料、骨头、精美的瓷器或金属制成。此处未提及纸张。 故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Take part in National Chopsticks Day and use chopsticks for all of your meals. You can eat any food with chopsticks on the day. To make the day really special, use chopsticks to eat a homemade Chinese dish.”可知，参加国家筷子日的人会用筷子吃任何食物，用筷子吃自制的中国菜，选项①②正确。 故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Take part in National Chopsticks Day and use chopsticks for all of your meals... Have fun with chopsticks on the day.”可知，本段主要介绍人们在筷子节的活动。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Do you know National Chopsticks Day?”并通读全文可知，全文围绕全国筷子节展开，介绍其背景、材质、 活动及礼仪，因此最佳标题应为“National Chopsticks Day”。故选B。 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 This is a list of some Chinese teas. Green tea is the oldest and most popular kind of tea. It has been enjoyed in China for several thousand years. Green tea is made from the new shoots (芽) of the tea leaves which are dried and processed. Longjing may be the most well-known brand of green tea. In Chinese and the languages of neighboring countries, black tea is known as “red tea”. It is made from the new shoots of the tea leaves which are fermented (发酵) and dried. It has a lovely red color. Dianhong and Yixing are popular brands of black tea. Wulong tea, also known as blue tea, is made from a mixture (混合物) of green tea and black Wulong tea. It is said that people who drink Wulong tea can lose weight (减肥). Wenshan Baozhong Tea and Dongding Wulong Tea are two famous brands of this popular tea. White tea is unfermented tea that has been quickly dried. It is lighter in color than other kinds of tea. Popular brands of white tea are White Peony and Silver Needle. 1．Which is the oldest kind of tea according to the passage? A．Blue tea. B．Green tea. C．White tea. D．Yellow tea. 2．What kind of tea is also known as “red tea”? A．Black tea. B．White tea. C．Green tea. D．Blue tea. 3．If Linda wants to lose weight, she may like to drink ______. A．Longjing B．Dianhong C．White Peony D．Dongding Wulong Tea 4．Who might be interested in the passage? A．Those who live in Hangzhou. B．Those who are going to travel to Africa. C．Those who are interested in Chinese tea. D．Those who like to drink water. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国几种不同类型的茶的特点、制作方式及知名品牌。 1．细节理解题。根据“Green tea is the oldest and most popular kind of tea.”可知，最古老的茶是绿茶。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese and the languages of neighboring countries, black tea is known as ‘red tea’.”可知，“Black tea”也被称为“红茶”。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“It is said that people who drink Wulong tea can lose weight (减肥).”以及“Wenshan Baozhong Tea and Dongding Wulong Tea are two famous brands of this popular tea.”可知，想减肥可以喝乌龙茶，冻顶乌龙茶是乌龙茶中的一种。故选D。 4．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中国的几种茶，所以对中国茶感兴趣的人可能会对这篇文章感兴趣。故选C。 When you’re feeling down, the right song can make you smile. It can also calm you down when you’re worried. Music may also help make your brain work better. It may even help keep you healthy. Why does music have these powers? It may be because people’s bodies have natural rhythm (节奏). Different kinds of music can influence you in different ways. Most stores play soft music, because soft music can make people relaxed and stay longer in a shop. And the longer shoppers stay in a store, the more things they buy in it. So stores try to play soft music to make people buy more things. For sick people, music can help make them get well again. Doctors believe that music is just as important as medicine in treating patients. When you’re sick, try to listen to the soft and relaxing music. If you’re upset, play a favorite song and tell someone how it makes you feel. A group of sad teenagers shared their favorite songs with each other. Each teen explained why he or she liked the song. After talking about it, the teenagers said they felt better. Many studies have tried to explain how music influences learning. Don Campbell, an expert on the powers of music, believes music can make people, even babies, smarter, healthier and happier. Not everyone believes it. And people believe more research is needed to prove (证明) that music has these influences. 1．What can music do when you’re worried according to the passage? A．Make you feel upset. B．Calm you down. C．Make you buy more things. D．Help you get sick. 2．Music is able to change how you feel and make your brain work better because __________. A．people’s bodies have natural rhythms B．people like listening to music C．music changes the way we think D．music can serve as a kind of medicine 3．Why do most stores play soft music? A．Because they want people to be happy. B．Because they want people to buy more things. C．Because they want people to be healthy. D．Because they want people to calm down. 4．What is Campbell’s idea? A．We should listen to music while studying. B．Music has a lot of bad influences on children’s health. C．We shouldn’t make children listen to a lot of music. D．Music can make people feel better. 5．The passage may come from a magazine called __________. A．Job & Occupation B．Health & Food C．Family & School D．Music & Movie 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文介绍音乐的多种积极作用，包括调节情绪、促进健康、影响购物行为等，同时提及相关研究和不同观点。 1．细节理解题。根据“When you’re feeling down, the right song can make you smile. It can also calm you down when you’re worried.”可知，当你感到焦虑时，音乐可以让你平静下来，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Why does music have these powers? It may be because people’s bodies have natural rhythm (节奏).”可知，音乐能改变感受、让大脑更好运作是因为人体有自然节奏，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Most stores play soft music, because soft music can make people relaxed and stay longer in a shop. And the longer shoppers stay in a store, the more things they buy in it.”可知，大多数商店播放轻音乐是为了让人们买更多东西，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Don Campbell, an expert on the powers of music, believes music can make people, even babies, smarter, healthier and happier.”可知，Campbell认为音乐能让人状态更好，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据全文围绕音乐的作用展开介绍可知，文章可能来自名为Music & Movie的杂志，故选D。 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出正确选项。 Xinjiang Food Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region is a beautiful place with sweet fruit as well as kind people. They can sing and dance beautifully. And the food in Xinjiang is also famous. Let’s have a look!Naan As the saying goes, “One can go without eating meat for three days, but can’t live one day without naan.” Naan is a traditional food with a history of over 2,000 years in Xinjiang. People usually cook it in a clay oven (泥炉). The shape of the food is round. People think it can bring good luck to them. They like to share the food with others because they want to share good luck.Xinjiang Big Plate Chicken It’s a famous dish and you can find it all over the country. A cook called Li Shilin created it about 20 years ago. At that time, people enjoyed the taste of the dish, but they thought a small plate wasn’t enough. This is why Li decided to cook a whole chicken one day, and put it in a big plate for his guests. The dish tastes really good.Xinjiang Hand-pulled Noodles Xinjiang Hand-pulled Noodles, also known as Latiaozi, are a kind of popular Xinjiang food. People introduced the cooking way of noodles to Xinjiang from other parts of northwest China. The locals (当地人) add mutton and all kinds of vegetables to the dish. The cooking of the noodles attracts (吸引) lots of people’s interest and they all like to watch it, especially pulling noodles. 1．What can we learn from the saying in Paragraph 2? A．People in Xinjiang eat naan to keep healthy. B．Meat is the most important food in Xinjiang. C．Naan is very important for people in Xinjiang. D．People in Xinjiang need to eat meat every day. 2．How do people cook Naan? A．They usually cook it in a small plate. B．They usually cook it in a clay oven. C．They usually cook it in a big plate. D．They usually cook it in a big bowl. 3．Li Shilin created the Big Plate Chicken to ________. A．make more money B．save more time C．meet the needs of his guests D．meet the needs of his family 4．What do people think of the cooking of Hand-pulled Noodles? A．It’s easy. B．It’s difficult. C．It’s boring. D．It’s interesting. 5．Where can we read the passage? A．In a travel guide. B．In a story book. C．In a history book. D．In a science magazine. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新疆的馕、大盘鸡和拉条子三种特色美食，分别讲述了它们的制作方式、由来及受欢迎的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“One can go without eating meat for three days, but can’t live one day without naan.”可知，人可以三天不吃肉，但是一天都不能没有馕，由此可见，馕对于新疆人来说是非常重要的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“People usually cook it in a clay oven.”可知，人们通常在泥炉里烤制馕，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“they thought a small plate wasn’t enough. This is why Li decided to cook a whole chicken one day, and put it in a big plate for his guests.”可知，客人们觉得小盘子装的不够吃，李世林才做了大盘鸡，由此可见，他创制大盘鸡是为满足客人需求，故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“The cooking of the noodles attracts lots of people’s interest and they all like to watch it”可知，拉条子的制作过程吸引很多人关注，大家都爱看，所以推断拉条子的制作过程很有趣，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据文章可知，全文介绍了新疆馕、大盘鸡、拉条子三种特色美食，所以推断本文来自旅游指南，故选A。    It is said that tea can improve the creative power of the literary (文学的) artists in ancient China. According to Lu Yu’s Tea Classics, tea drinking in China can be traced back (追溯) to the Zhou Dynasty—tea was discovered by Shen Nong and became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong. Tea drinking in China has a history of four thousand years. As the legend (传说) has it, Shen Nong tasted hundreds of wild plants to see which were poisonous, in order to prevent people from eating poisonous plants. It is said that he was once poisoned but was saved by eating some leaves from an evergreen plant with white flowers. Later, people called the leaves that saved his life “cha”. In modern times, people still keep tea drinking as one of their daily activities. According to the study, tea can also have effects on some modern illnesses. To those who have to work with computers for a long time, drinking tea can help them to build up a wall against the computer radiation. To those who may have too much fat, drinking tea can help them to recreate a new balance in their bodies. And to those aged people, drinking tea is also a good way to keep a calm mood for a longer life. 1．Tea drinking in China can be traced back to ________. A．the Zhou Dynasty B．the Xia Dynasty C．the Qing Dynasty D．the Tang Dynasty 2．The underlined word “poisonous” in the passage means “________” in Chinese. A．供饮用的 B．美味的 C．多姿多彩的 D．有毒的 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．Shen Nong was once poisoned. B．Shen Nong was a hero. C．The birth of tea. D．Tea became popular. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The legend of Shen Nong. B．The history of tea drinking in China. C．Drinking tea can help people live longer. D．Tea can have effects on some modern illnesses. 5．Which of the following statements is wrong? A．Tea was discovered by Shen Nong. B．Tea drinking in China has a history of four thousand years. C．It is said that Shen Nong was never poisoned while discovering tea. D．Tea can also have effects on some modern illnesses. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了中国饮茶的起源、发展以及在现代生活中的益处。 1．细节理解题。根据“...China can be traced back (追溯) to the Zhou Dynasty...”可知，中国饮茶的历史可以追溯到周朝，故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“in order to prevent people from eating poisonous plants. It is said that he was once poisoned but was saved by eating some leaves”可知，神农尝百草是为了分辨哪些植物有毒，避免人们误食，“poisonous”的意思是“有毒的”。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据“Tea drinking in China has a history of four thousand years....”可知，本段主要是讲述茶被发现的历史，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“It is said that tea can improve the creative power of the literary (文学的) artists in ancient China...Shen Nong and became popular as a drink in the State of Lu because of Zhou Gong.”以及整个文章的理解可知，文章主要是介绍有关中国茶饮的文化，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“It is said that he was once poisoned but was saved by eating some leaves from an evergreen plant with white flowers”可知，神农在发现茶的过程中曾中毒，选项C“据说神农在发现茶的过程中从未中毒”表述错误。故选C。 Have you seen circles, squares and triangles (三角形) everywhere in your daily life? Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features (特征) of characters in the scenes. Circles represent (象征) things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces. All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies— heroes, kids, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In Up, Carl, an elderly man, has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell, an 8-year-old boy with a round face, always wears round medals. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. The angriest shape is the triangle. If you look at the bad guys in cartoons, you’ll find they’re all drawn with plenty of points and triangles. And triangles are stable and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, next time you see a film, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By listing numbers. D．By giving an example. 2．What does the underlined word “stable” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．完整的 B．稳固的 C．常见的 D．规则的 3．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A．B． C． D． 4．What’s the text mainly about? A．The history of using shapes in cartoons and films. B．How different shapes are used to show characters’ personalities in films. C．Why circles are more popular than squares and triangles in films. D．The differences between cartoon films and other kinds of films. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同形状在电影中如何被用来展现角色的不同特征，通过举例圆形、方形和三角形在卡通及其他类型电影中的运用，说明了形状在塑造角色性格方面的重要作用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Have you seen circles, squares and triangles (三角形) everywhere in your daily life? Have you thought about their meanings in films?”可知，作者通过提问日常生活中是否常见这些形状以及它们在电影中的意义来开启文章，所以是通过提问的方式。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“And triangles are stable and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with.”可知，三角形不容易倒下，在电影中这个特征让坏人难以对付，由此可推测“stable”意思是稳固的。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。①段通过提问引出不同形状在电影中能展现角色不同特征这一话题；②段介绍圆形代表的事物以及象征的意义；③段介绍方形代表的事物以及象征的意义；④段介绍三角形代表的事物以及象征的意义；⑤段总结在其他类型电影中不同形状也被用于同样目的，呼吁大家看电影时尝试找出隐藏的形状来了解角色。所以文章结构是①/②③④/⑤。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要围绕不同形状在电影中如何展现角色性格展开，介绍了圆形、方形和三角形分别代表的事物以及象征的角色性格特征等。所以文章主要是关于不同形状在电影中如何被用来展现角色的性格。故选B。 阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 ①Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers. They have seeds (种子), too. New plants grow from seeds. Some seeds fall on the ground. New plants grow next to the old plants. When plants grow this way, they are too crowded (拥挤的) to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die. But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places. There are many ways for seeds to travel. ②The wind helps seeds to travel. Some plant seeds have little wings. When the wind blows, the seeds fly away. Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there. Some plants dry up. The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can’t fly. They roll along the ground, dropping off their seeds. ③Other plants grow near the water. Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it. They may travel many miles before they stop. ④Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”. The stickers help the seeds travel far. How? These seeds wait for an animal to walk by. Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride. Sometimes it’s a long trip. Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too. ⑤Seeds can’t walk. They can’t run. But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals. 1．What will happen if new plants are crowded? A．Some of them will travel. B．Some of them will die. C．Some of them can grow taller. D．Some of them can live better. 2．The underlined word “spread” in Paragraph 1 means ________. A．张开 B．分摊 C．伸展 D．传播 3．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．The growth of the plants. B．The kinds of the seeds. C．The parts of the plants. D．The travel of the seeds. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物种子若生长过密会死亡，进而说明种子可借助风、水和动物等外力传播到新地方生长的多种方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“When plants grow this way, they are too crowded (拥挤的) to get enough sunshine and water. So some of them die”可知，植物拥挤会导致部分死亡，故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live. These seeds grow in new places”可知，“spread”指种子传播到远处，故选D。 3．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第一段引出植物种子拥挤问题及种子传播的多种方式；第二至四段分别介绍风、水、动物帮助种子传播；第五段总结种子依靠风、水、动物传播，结构为“①-②③④-⑤”。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕种子如何借助风、水、动物等媒介进行传播展开详细说明，核心是种子的“旅行”方式。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $