题型03 阅读理解之记叙文15篇（湖南专用）（中考真题+热点话题练习）-2026年中考英语总复习（湖南专用）

题型03 阅读理解之记叙文15篇 (湖南专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文 2 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文,个人经历 3 适中 社会发展,记叙文 4 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文 5 较易 旅行,记叙文 6 较难 其他著名人物,志愿服务,记叙文 7 适中 个人经历,哲理感悟,记叙文 8 适中 哲理感悟,寓言童话,记叙文,叙事忆旧 9 较易 家人和亲人,哲理感悟,记叙文,叙事忆旧 10 适中 哲理感悟,家人和亲人,记叙文,叙事忆旧 11 较难 其他著名人物,记叙文 12 适中 传统工艺,记叙文 13 较易 哲理感悟,记叙文 14 适中 阅读,记叙文,文学家 15 适中 其他著名人物,记叙文,市场与经济 【中考真题】 The Tan family, from Hunan, was new to the block and Mrs. Tan loved to cook. Her family enjoyed her stinky tofu (臭豆腐), so she cooked it twice a week. One afternoon, they heard a knock on the door. It was from the community workers. They had received a complaint (投诉) from the Tans’ neighbors, the Lees, about the smell of the stinky tofu. Mrs. Tan said sorry and decided that she would close the kitchen window the next time. That was what she did the following week. However, the community worker came to them again for the same problem. “I have closed the kitchen WINDOWS!” she said in anger. “Actually I can’t stand the habit of eating durians (榴莲). The smell of the durians is too strong for me.” The community worker then decided to call for a meeting with the durians at the beginning. Both Mrs. Tan and Mrs. Lee had a scowl on the faces. They even didn’t look at each other. The community worker explained the disagreement. He suggested that the Tans can eat stinky tofu twice a month. Similarity, the Lees should try to eat durians weeks. Mrs. Tan agreed and even invited Mrs. Lee to taste her sticky tofu. After a month, the community worker met up with both families to see if they got any progress. Mrs. Lee was full of praise, “Your tofu tastes so good! You are a good cook, Mrs. Lee. Shall I bring some durians for you next time You might love them”. “Perhaps.” said Mrs. Tan politely. From then on, they learned to accept their likes and dislikes. 1．How often did Mrs. Tan cook stinky tofu before the complaint? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Twice a month 2．What do the underlined words “a scowl” in paragraph 5 mean? A．A shy look. B．An angry look. C．A satisfied lock 3．Why did the community worker meet the two families after a month? A．To explain the disagreement.B．To give some suggestions. C．To learn about the progress. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To show the importance of understanding. B．To praise the friendly community workers. C．To introduce how to make tasty stinky tofu. 【热点话题练习】 I’m a 34-year-old man, married, living in a nice house, and having a successful job. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age and attended a special school. Everything improved when I discovered art. It let me express myself without words. In a workshop I gradually became good at clay work and learned my first lesson: though limited in language, I could still be smart and express myself with clay, and my confidence (自信) grew. My next lesson came from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing: it needed lots of practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it. Later, I decided to learn how to read and write. I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two years, I was literate (有文化的). Through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life: I am smart enough to dive into (潜入) an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 1．What kind of school did the writer go to as a child? A．A private school. B．An art school. C．A special school. 2．How long did it take the writer to become good at rock climbing? A．About one year. B．About 5 years. C．About 34 years. 3．Which skill did the writer learn at the end of his growth? A．Clay work. B．Reading and writing. C．Rock climbing. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．From Struggle to Success B．Through Practice to Talent C．Between Yosemite Valley My grandfather is eighty years old. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better. Families aren’t the ones the way they used to be. A lot of families have broken up. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together. And mothers used to stay at home and take care of their children, but now everyone is busy working. No one has time to look after children at home. And the cars! No one walks anymore; more and more people drive. We used to walk five miles to school on schooldays, even in winter. But now we don’t. And in school, children don’t have to think anymore. In math class, for example, we used to add, subtract (减), multiply (乘) and divide (除) using our heads. But now kids don’t use their heads anymore; instead, they use calculators (计算器). Most families have computers now. In the past we didn’t have computers. We didn’t even have lights. My mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchen. But now we don’t often eat home-cooked food. And people talk less to each other than before. They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too busy to think. Life used to be simple, but it isn’t anymore. 1．How does the grandfather feel about life now? A．He feels it is more convenient. B．He thinks it’s worse than it used to be. C．He believes families are happier than before. 2．What does the writer imply (暗示) about the use of calculators in math class? A．It’s a good way to improve math skills. B．It is necessary for modern math learning. C．It makes children less able to think by themselves. 3．Why might people talk less to each other now according to the passage? A．They are too busy with work and other things. B．They prefer using computers to communicate. C．They don’t know how to talk to each other. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The advantages of modern life. B．The grandfather’s simpler childhood. C．The changes in life and the grandfather’s view. I spent this holiday with my uncle. He loved to go on walks to collect stones. One day, he bought me a backpack, asked me to go to the mountain with him and carry the stones. The whole day we walked around. Every now and then he put stones in our bags. To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags. But I thought he had just found better stones. When I returned to the house, I was very tired. The backpack was so heavy that I felt relaxed when I put it down. Yet my uncle’s backpack was half empty. “Why did you put so many stones into my backpack?” I asked. “I didn’t. You did,” he said. “You didn’t know it, but I gave you a test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining (抱怨), I added a stone to your bag. Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpack.” My backpack was full of stones. “Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.” With great love, my uncle taught me one of the most important lessons in life. 1．How did the writer feel when his uncle took some stones out from his bag? A．Tired. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 2．The underlined word “them” refers to . A．stones B．lessons C．negative thoughts 3．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The uncle took some stones out from the bags because he had found better ones. B．When they got back home, the writer found his uncle’s bag was half empty. C．The writer’s bag was full of stones because he complained a lot all the way. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．We should be positive about life. B．Carrying stones is good for us. C．We shouldn’t learn from the writer’s uncle. A new way of traveling is getting popular in China these days. It’s called “special forces-style tourism (特种兵式旅游)”. It means people travel to many places in a short time, usually on weekends. Most of these travelers are university students. Zhang Yinghua is one of them. The 21-year-old young man started his “special forces-style tourism” in March. Zhang said, “We couldn’t travel around before. But it’s different now. We can go out to take trips and have fun.” Zhang’s last trip was to Beijing. During the two days, he visited a lot of places, like the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace. “Thanks to the trip, I can know Beijing better. I had a lot of fun,” he said. Chen Xiaowen, a student at China Three Gorges University, likes to relax herself by traveling. In April, she took a one-day trip to Wuhan. After getting off the train at 7:00 am, she went to 9 places of interest in Wuhan. That day, she walked about 40, 000 steps. “The trip was a little tiring, but I enjoyed it,” Chen said. “This kind of tourism is not good for everyone. Travelers need enough energy because they have to visit as many places of interest as they can in a short time.” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about “special forces-style tourism”? A．It’s usually a week long. B．It has a long history. C．It’s popular with university students. 2．How did Zhang probably feel about his trip to Beijing? A．Long and relaxing. B．Wonderful and helpful. C．Tiring and expensive. 3．What can we know about Chen’s trip to Wuhan? A．She got to Wuhan by plane. B．She spent much time taking photos. C．She visited 9 places of interest. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．It’s time to travel B．The best way to travel C．“Special forces-style tourism” gets hot Li Liyong used to be a yachtsman (帆船运动员) on China’s national team. In 2013, he met some autistic (患自闭症的) children in a special education school for the first time. Since then, Li has been trying to make a difference to them. The ocean and yachting always give Li power, so he thought that he could help those autistic children out of their closed world. Then he decided to organize yachting activities for them. At first, nobody agreed with his idea. But Li didn’t give up. In May, 2013, the first group including 20 children and their parents began their adventure (冒险). Many children were afraid to board the yacht at first. But when they sat and tried to put their feet into the water, they smiled. A child called Xiaoyu is one of the members. His mother says he has become more outgoing and can hug or shake hands with other kids after the activity. He also shares his happiness with his family. The mother of another child Xiaoxin, says he looks very joyful on the sea. “Seeing the happiness on his face gives me hope,” she says. Li says, “I hope more people can know, understand, respect and accept autistic children, and learn to treat them like everyone else.” 1．Where did Li Liyong meet the autistic children for the first time? A．In a hospital. B．In a school. C．In a park. 2．When did the first group begin to sail on the ocean? A．In 2015. B．In 2013. C．In March. 3．How did the children of the group feel before sailing? A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Afraid. 4．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．Yachting is very dangerous. B．Yachting helped autistic children. C．The children didn’t like yachting. Recently, my daughter reminded me of someone we saw at the train station a few years ago. That day, my daughter and I were waiting for our train. We went to buy some drinks, and then we saw the old man. Dressed poorly, he was standing in front of the counter (柜台) while counting coins slowly to buy just one bottle of water. The businessman behind him said impatiently, “Hey! Can’t you be quick? Some of us have a train to catch!” Hearing this, the old man seemed to be very embarrassed, so he walked away quietly at once. It was my turn. I bought our two drinks and the old man’s water as well. We walked up to him and gave him the water with a smile. After walking away, my daughter complained, “Dad, the old man is so impolite. He didn’t even say ‘thank you’ to us!” I told her that we did this not to get a “thank you” from other people. We just wanted to be nice. Now, my daughter always reaches out to help people. She waves, makes eye contact (接触) and says “hi” to people on the street. She holds doors for people. She scoops up things that other people drop. When I mentioned this recently, she seemed surprised. I asked her why she was so kind all the time. She said, “Because it is just right to be that way.” Then she added, “And because I see you do that all the time.” 1．Why did the writer buy water for the old man? A．Because the old man asked him for help. B．Because he wanted to get praised by others. C．Because he thought it was the right thing to do. 2．What does the phrase “scoops up” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．throws away B．picks up C．gets up 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The writer sets a good example to his daughter in her life. B．The businessman bought a bottle of water for the old man. C．The old man said “thank you” to the writer and his daughter. 4．What does the writer want to express by writing this story? A．Don’t laugh at the poor. B．Old people need more care. C．Small acts of kindness can inspire others. One day, a son asked his father, “What is my life worth?” His father gave him a stone and said, “If someone asks the price, stay quiet and hold up two fingers.” The boy went to the market. An old woman asked how much the stone was. The boy held up two fingers. The woman said, “Two dollars,” and tried to pay. Unsurprisingly, the boy went home and told his father. The father said, “Now go to the museum. If someone asks the price, hold up two fingers.” The boy went to the museum. A man in a suit asked how much the stone was. The boy held up two fingers. The man said, “Two hundred dollars,” and offered to pay. Shocked, the boy ran home and told his father. The father then said, “Go to the stone market.” The boy went to the stone market and showed the stone to an old man. The old man got excited and asked how much it was. The boy held up two fingers. The old man said, “Twenty thousand dollars,” and wanted to buy it. Happily, the boy hurried home and told his father. The father smiled and said, “The old man knew the true value of the stone. Your life is the same. You can be a two-dollar rock or a twenty-thousand-dollar rock. You decide your own worth. Remember, some people will see your true value, and some will not.” 1．Why did the father give the boy a stone? A．Because he wanted to play a game. B．Because he wanted to teach him a lesson. C．Because he wanted to sell it for money. 2．How did the boy feel after the man in the museum offered 200 dollars for the stone? A．Unhappy. B．Nervous. C．Surprised. 3．How much did the old man in the stone market want to give? A．20,000 dollars. B．2,000 dollars. C．20 dollars. 4．What does the story tell us? A．A good seller needs good selling skills. B．You can decide what your true worth is. C．Opinions from others are important. When I was a teenager, my mom started a new habit in the evenings—she called a neignbor every night. I wondered why she spent hours talking to people she didn't know well. One cold winter evening, I accidentally heard her talking to Mrs. Clark, an old lady who lived alone next door. They just talked about small things like meals and roses in the park. “How meaningless!” I thought. But Mom slowly explained, “To her, this might be the only conversation all day. Even a small talk can make her feel cared for.” Years later, when I became a nurse in an old people's home, I finally understood. Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities. Every afternoon, they'd sit in the garden staring at their empty phones. One old man told me, “The only voice I hear all day is the TV news.” That's when I realized how important Mom's phone calls were. Those simple conversations weren't just about weather or flowers. They filled those lonely hearts. When Mom asked, “Did you take your medicine today? “or” What's your favorite song from the 1950s?” she was saying, “You matter.” Now I call Mrs. Clark every week. We talk about her cat, her vegetable garden and so on. Her voice always sounds brighter when we hang up. Mom has taught me that kindness doesn't have to be big. Sometimes, it only takes a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one. 1．What did the writer think of her mother's phone calls at first? A．They seemed meaningless. B．They were about big things. C．They helped the lonely neighbors. 2．Why did elderly people feel lonely? A．They lost their friends and family members. B．Health problems made outdoor activities difficult for them. C．The nurses in the old people's home didn't care about them. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3? A．The writer could understand her mother all the time. B．The mother asked personal questions to fill her own loneliness. C．The mother tried to express her care and kindness to the elderly. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Elderly Faces Problems B．A Mother Changes her Habit C．A Small Talk Makes a Difference When I was a teenager, my mom started a new habit in the evenings—she called a neighbor every night. I wondered why she spent hours talking to people she didn’t know well. One cold winter evening, I accidentally heard her talking to Mrs. Clark, an old lady who lived alone next door. They just talked about small things like meals and roses in the park. “How meaningless!” I thought. But Mom slowly explained, “To her, this might be the only conversation all day. Even a small talk can make her feel cared for.” Years later, when I became a nurse in an old people’s home, I finally understood. Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities. Every afternoon, they’d sit in the garden staring at their empty phones. One old man told me, “The only voice I hear all day is the TV news.” That’s when I realized how important Mom’s phone calls were. Those simple conversations weren’t just about weather or flowers. They filled those lonely hearts. When Mom asked, “Did you take your medicine today?” or “What’s your favorite song from the 1950s?” she was saying, “You matter.” Now I call Mrs. Clark every week. We talk about her cat, her vegetable garden and so on. Her voice always sounds brighter when we hang up. Mom has taught me that kindness doesn’t have to be big. Sometimes, it only takes a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one. 1．What did the writer think of her mother’s phone calls at first? A．They seemed meaningless. B．They were about big things. C．They helped the lonely neighbors. 2．Why did elderly people feel lonely? A．They lost their friends and family members. B．Health problems made outdoor activities difficult for them. C．The nurses in the old people’s home didn’t care about them. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3? A．The writer could understand her mother all the time. B．The mother asked personal questions to fill her own loneliness. C．The mother tried to express her care and kindness to the elderly. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Elderly Faces Problems. B．A Mother Changes her Habit. C．A Small Talk Makes a Difference. Do you want to be a “Chao-Teen” (超少年)? Do you know it names after Zhang Chao, a hero who was born in Yueyang? When he was young, he had a big dream of flying in the sky. In 2004, he joined the army. During his time as a pilot, Zhang Chao was really talented and hard-working. He flew different kinds of fighter planes. In 2015, he became a carrier-based pilot (舰载机飞行员). Landing on a carrier is very dangerous. It’s like “dancing on the tip of a knife”. But Zhang Chao wasn’t afraid. He wanted to take on this difficult challenge. On April 27, 2016, during a training, there was something wrong with the electrical transmission (电力传输). At that dangerous moment, he tried his best to save the plane and didn’t want to give it up. But in the end, he sacrificed (牺牲) because the height was too low when he ejected (弹出舱). Zhang Chao’s brave story touched a lot of people. After his death, he was rewarded many honors, like “The Strong Pioneer Chasing Dreams in the Sea and Sky”. His spirit not only makes young people brave, but also encourages them to work harder for our country. His story shows us that people would give up a lot, even their lives, to protect our country. 1．When did Zhang Chao join the army? A．In 1986. B．In 2004. C．In 2015. 2．What kind of pilot did Zhang Chao become in 2015? A．A trainer pilot. B．A carrier-based pilot. C．A flight-test pilot. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A．Zhang Chao died for the country. B．Zhang Chao didn’t get great any honors. C．Zhang Chao didn’t want to save the plane. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To introduce Zhang Chao’s job. B．To introduce Zhang Chao’s dream. C．To introduce Zhang Chao’s spirit. Over the past five years, Miao Zhenjie has been teaching the skills of porcelain carving (刻瓷). Her students are children with hearing problems at a special school in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. Miao began learning to carve porcelain in 1997. One day, she saw a folk artist carving a cute dog on a white porcelain plate. She was amazed. Then she decided to learn the skills. The art of porcelain carving has a long history and was popular during the Qing Dynasty. Different pictures and patterns, including humans, flowers, birds and buildings, can be created on the surface of porcelain with special tools. According to Miao, different from many traditional forms of art, porcelain carvings can be kept forever. However, it’s not easy to carve on a very thin surface. It requires precision (精确) and great painting skills. To spread the traditional culture, Miao began teaching at the school in 2018. “I found that the students with hearing problems are good learners of the art, because they are not easy influenced by different sounds in the process of caring and can completely focus on (集中注意力) their work,”she said. “They also have their own understanding of the art.” With the help of other teachers, Miao has little difficulty communicating with her students. They can read my lips (嘴唇) and then think, describe and share their understanding and questions. They get lots of happiness from the process. “I will continue to help the students learn the skills and create more beautiful works of art. I also hope I can spread the traditional art and let more people enjoy it.” she said. 1．What made Miao Zhenjie have the idea of learning porcelain carving? A．A beautiful picture. B．Seeing an artist doing porcelain carving. C．Visiting a special school in Taiyuan, Shanxi. 2．What do we know about the art of porcelain carving? A．It is popular among children. B．It appeared in the Qing Dynasty. C．It requires precision and great painting skills. 3．How does Miao Zhenjie probably feel about her work? A．Proud. B．Bored. C．Worried. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we see the passage? A．History. B．People. C．Science. One day, while I was waiting for my father, I saw a little boy, around two years old, running freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face. The boy would fall on the grass, get up, without looking back at his mother, run as fast as he could, again, still with a smile on his face, às if nothing had happened. Most adults, when they fall down, make a big deal out of it and don’t even make a second attempt (尝试). They will be so embarrassed that they will not try again if someone sees them fall. Or, because they fall, they will find a good excuse for themselves that they are not fit for it. They will end up being too afraid to attempt again for fear of failure. However, as to kids, when they fall down, they don’t consider their falling down as a failure, instead, they look on it as a learning experience. They try again and again until they succeed. The answer must be that they have not connected “falling down” with the word “failure”. What’s more, they probably think to themselves that it’s quite okay to fall down and that it is not wrong to do so. In other words, they allow themselves to make mistakes, so they remain energetic. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By giving the background. C．By showing some examples. 2．What will most adults do if they fall down according to the passage? A．They will make a second try. B．They will wait for others’ help. C．They will be afraid to try again. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The kids’ falling down. B．The smile on kids’ faces. C．The mistake the kids made. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell us that don’t be afraid to fail. B．To tell us that it is never too old to learn. C．To tell us that you need to ask for help if you fall down. When I was a grade 9 student, I often felt tired and stressful because of the busy schoolwork. Gradually (逐渐地), I lost my confidence and even hope in my study. Thanks to a famous writer whose words shine with the beauty of love and wisdom (智慧的), I was saved from pain and hopelessness. Her name is Bi Shumin. When I was reading her books, I felt something special burning in my heart. When I was sad, she told me, “In an imperfect life, mud (泥土) and sand are actually the raw materials (原料) of precious life. You should learn to be strong.” Lifting my head, I felt a power I couldn’t name filled my heart. When I looked outside the window, birds were singing and everything looked so warm. Her soft but powerful words made me relaxed and finally I found my way out of sadness. Bi not only saved me from pain but also told me something about life. In her books, she tells me to be true to myself. I need neither to please others nor to wrong myself. Her soft words have the power to help me stay positive (乐观的) towards life. Like the shining light, it leads me to a more beautiful and wonderful world. Now I am in a book club, where I can talk about the books I have read with my classmates. I do enjoy reading so much and it really brightens my days. 1．What are in Bi Shumin’s words? A．Love and wisdom. B．Tiredness and stress. C．Confidence and hope. 2．Why did Bi’s words make the writer relaxed and save him from sadness? A．Bi’s words are easy to understand. B．Bi’s words are soft but powerful. C．The writer found his way finally. 3．What else did Bi tell the writer in her books? A．Please others. B．Wrong himself. C．Be true to himself. 4．What can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．The writer has met Bi Shumin and they had a nice talk. B．The writer will help more classmates with their reading. C．The writer will keep the habit of reading. For young people who grow up in villages, finding a job in the city sounds good. But Ning Fenfang, 34, left the big city to be a farmer. In 2017, she left her job in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and went back to her hometown of Cili County in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province. At that time, much of the farmland there was deserted (被遗弃). Seeing this, Ning decided to be a farmer. She started with growing rice and rape seed (油菜籽) in 2020 and hired many villagers to work on her land, providing jobs for local people. Ning now farms more than 66.7 hectares (公顷) of land. More than 300 housewives have worked part-time on her land, each making more than 10,000 yuan per year. “It’s never easy,” said Ning. At first, she didn’t have enough farming knowledge. Then, people couldn’t understand her decision to become a farmer. Farming is often seen as an “unsuitable” job for both the post-90s generation and women in general. However, Ning loved farming. “When you’re tired, you can stop and rest and do what you want to do. Every day, you can enjoy nature that many people hope for,” Ning said. Ning has tried to turn farming into a “fashionable” job. Rather than depend on farmers, she advises mechanized (机械化) farming, which means using high-tech machines. She also plans to provide children living in cities with a chance to experience farming. Ning always feels responsible for farmers. Recently she has suggested that the agricultural insurance (农业保险) plans should include greenhouses, as freezing rain hit her hometown and caused losses to farmers in the winter of 2023. 1．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Many young people from villages expect to get a job in the city. B．Quite a few young people want to be farmers in the village now. C．It’s impossible for young people from villages to get a job in the city. 2．How did Ning manage her farmland at first? A．She worked on the land by herself. B．She hired many villagers to work on her land. C．She used the high-tech machines all the time. 3．Why was it not easy for Ning to be a farmer at first? A．She didn’t have a strong will. B．She didn’t have enough money. C．She didn’t have enough farming knowledge. 4．What is Ning like according to the last two paragraphs? A．Friendly and humorous. B．Creative and responsible. C．Strict and hard-working. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 题型03 阅读理解之记叙文15篇 (湖南专用) 【题型知识点细目表】 题号 难度 知识点 1 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文 2 适中 叙事忆旧,记叙文,个人经历 3 适中 社会发展,记叙文 4 适中 哲理感悟,记叙文 5 较易 旅行,记叙文 6 较难 其他著名人物,志愿服务,记叙文 7 适中 个人经历,哲理感悟,记叙文 8 适中 哲理感悟,寓言童话,记叙文,叙事忆旧 9 较易 家人和亲人,哲理感悟,记叙文,叙事忆旧 10 适中 哲理感悟,家人和亲人,记叙文,叙事忆旧 11 较难 其他著名人物,记叙文 12 适中 传统工艺,记叙文 13 较易 哲理感悟,记叙文 14 适中 阅读,记叙文,文学家 15 适中 其他著名人物,记叙文,市场与经济 【中考真题】 The Tan family, from Hunan, was new to the block and Mrs. Tan loved to cook. Her family enjoyed her stinky tofu (臭豆腐), so she cooked it twice a week. One afternoon, they heard a knock on the door. It was from the community workers. They had received a complaint (投诉) from the Tans’ neighbors, the Lees, about the smell of the stinky tofu. Mrs. Tan said sorry and decided that she would close the kitchen window the next time. That was what she did the following week. However, the community worker came to them again for the same problem. “I have closed the kitchen WINDOWS!” she said in anger. “Actually I can’t stand the habit of eating durians (榴莲). The smell of the durians is too strong for me.” The community worker then decided to call for a meeting with the durians at the beginning. Both Mrs. Tan and Mrs. Lee had a scowl on the faces. They even didn’t look at each other. The community worker explained the disagreement. He suggested that the Tans can eat stinky tofu twice a month. Similarity, the Lees should try to eat durians weeks. Mrs. Tan agreed and even invited Mrs. Lee to taste her sticky tofu. After a month, the community worker met up with both families to see if they got any progress. Mrs. Lee was full of praise, “Your tofu tastes so good! You are a good cook, Mrs. Lee. Shall I bring some durians for you next time You might love them”. “Perhaps.” said Mrs. Tan politely. From then on, they learned to accept their likes and dislikes. 1．How often did Mrs. Tan cook stinky tofu before the complaint? A．Once a week. B．Twice a week. C．Twice a month 2．What do the underlined words “a scowl” in paragraph 5 mean? A．A shy look. B．An angry look. C．A satisfied lock 3．Why did the community worker meet the two families after a month? A．To explain the disagreement.B．To give some suggestions. C．To learn about the progress. 4．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To show the importance of understanding. B．To praise the friendly community workers. C．To introduce how to make tasty stinky tofu. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了谭家和李家因饮食习惯差异引发邻里矛盾，最终在社区工作人员的调解下学会互相理解与包容的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Her family enjoyed her stinky tofu (臭豆腐), so she cooked it twice a week.”可知，谭太太每周做两次臭豆腐。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据“They even didn’t look at each other.”和上下文冲突情境可知，“a scowl”是指生气的表情。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“After a month, the community worker met up with both families to see if they got any progress.”可知，社区工作者是为了了解进展。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通过两家从冲突到互相接受的故事，作者主要想表达“理解的重要性”。故选A。 【热点话题练习】 I’m a 34-year-old man, married, living in a nice house, and having a successful job. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age and attended a special school. Everything improved when I discovered art. It let me express myself without words. In a workshop I gradually became good at clay work and learned my first lesson: though limited in language, I could still be smart and express myself with clay, and my confidence (自信) grew. My next lesson came from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing: it needed lots of practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it. Later, I decided to learn how to read and write. I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two years, I was literate (有文化的). Through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life: I am smart enough to dive into (潜入) an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting. 1．What kind of school did the writer go to as a child? A．A private school. B．An art school. C．A special school. 2．How long did it take the writer to become good at rock climbing? A．About one year. B．About 5 years. C．About 34 years. 3．Which skill did the writer learn at the end of his growth? A．Clay work. B．Reading and writing. C．Rock climbing. 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．From Struggle to Success B．Through Practice to Talent C．Between Yosemite Valley 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者以第一人称讲述了自己如何通过艺术、攀岩和读写逐步克服学习障碍、建立自信并获得成功的人生经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“I had a learning disability from an early age and attended a special school.”可知，作者小时候在一所特殊学校上学。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall.”可知，作家花了大约5年时间变得擅长攀岩。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Later, I decided to learn how to read and write.”结合文章时间顺序可知，作者在他成长的末期学会了阅读和写作。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章整体讲述作者从有学习障碍开始，通过努力学会艺术、攀岩和读写，最终变得自信和成功。因此，A选项“从挣扎到成功”最贴合文章主旨。故选A。 My grandfather is eighty years old. He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better. Families aren’t the ones the way they used to be. A lot of families have broken up. If husband and wife have problems with their marriage, they no longer stay together. And mothers used to stay at home and take care of their children, but now everyone is busy working. No one has time to look after children at home. And the cars! No one walks anymore; more and more people drive. We used to walk five miles to school on schooldays, even in winter. But now we don’t. And in school, children don’t have to think anymore. In math class, for example, we used to add, subtract (减), multiply (乘) and divide (除) using our heads. But now kids don’t use their heads anymore; instead, they use calculators (计算器). Most families have computers now. In the past we didn’t have computers. We didn’t even have lights. My mother used to spend all day cooking in the kitchen. But now we don’t often eat home-cooked food. And people talk less to each other than before. They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too busy to think. Life used to be simple, but it isn’t anymore. 1．How does the grandfather feel about life now? A．He feels it is more convenient. B．He thinks it’s worse than it used to be. C．He believes families are happier than before. 2．What does the writer imply (暗示) about the use of calculators in math class? A．It’s a good way to improve math skills. B．It is necessary for modern math learning. C．It makes children less able to think by themselves. 3．Why might people talk less to each other now according to the passage? A．They are too busy with work and other things. B．They prefer using computers to communicate. C．They don’t know how to talk to each other. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The advantages of modern life. B．The grandfather’s simpler childhood. C．The changes in life and the grandfather’s view. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要通过祖父的视角对比了过去和现在生活的变化，表达了祖父对过去简单生活的怀念。 1．细节理解题。根据“He always complains about how fast things have changed, and he often says that life used to be better.”可知，祖父认为现在的生活不如从前。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“But now kids don’t use their heads anymore; instead, they use calculators (计算器).”可推测出，计算器的使用让孩子更少自主思考。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“They are too busy to talk, too busy to eat, too busy to think.”可知，人们因忙碌减少了交流。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要通过祖父的视角对比了过去和现在生活的变化，表达了祖父对过去简单生活的怀念。故选C。 I spent this holiday with my uncle. He loved to go on walks to collect stones. One day, he bought me a backpack, asked me to go to the mountain with him and carry the stones. The whole day we walked around. Every now and then he put stones in our bags. To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags. But I thought he had just found better stones. When I returned to the house, I was very tired. The backpack was so heavy that I felt relaxed when I put it down. Yet my uncle’s backpack was half empty. “Why did you put so many stones into my backpack?” I asked. “I didn’t. You did,” he said. “You didn’t know it, but I gave you a test today. I listened to every word you said. Whenever you were complaining (抱怨), I added a stone to your bag. Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone. And now look at your backpack.” My backpack was full of stones. “Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.” With great love, my uncle taught me one of the most important lessons in life. 1．How did the writer feel when his uncle took some stones out from his bag? A．Tired. B．Surprised. C．Excited. 2．The underlined word “them” refers to . A．stones B．lessons C．negative thoughts 3．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A．The uncle took some stones out from the bags because he had found better ones. B．When they got back home, the writer found his uncle’s bag was half empty. C．The writer’s bag was full of stones because he complained a lot all the way. 4．What can we learn from this passage? A．We should be positive about life. B．Carrying stones is good for us. C．We shouldn’t learn from the writer’s uncle. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文通过作者与叔叔一起捡石头的经历，传达了一个关于积极心态的重要人生道理。 1．细节理解题。根据“To my surprise, he also took some stones out from our bags.”可知，当叔叔从包里拿出一些石头时，作者是感到惊讶的。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack.”可知，你的消极想法就像石头，你把它们记在心里，就像背包里的那些石头一样，故划线部分them指代前文提到的“Your negative (消极的) thoughts”。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“Whenever you talked about something with positive (积极的) thinking, I took out a stone.”可知，当作者积极思考时，作者的叔叔就会拿出石头，与“找到更好的石头”无关。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Your negative (消极的) thoughts are like stones. You carry them in your mind just like those stones in your backpack. The more negative thoughts, the heavier your mind.”及通读全文内容可知，作者的叔叔将石头比作消极思想，告诫我们要学会积极思考，而非抱怨生活，故我们应该对生活持积极态度。故选A。 A new way of traveling is getting popular in China these days. It’s called “special forces-style tourism (特种兵式旅游)”. It means people travel to many places in a short time, usually on weekends. Most of these travelers are university students. Zhang Yinghua is one of them. The 21-year-old young man started his “special forces-style tourism” in March. Zhang said, “We couldn’t travel around before. But it’s different now. We can go out to take trips and have fun.” Zhang’s last trip was to Beijing. During the two days, he visited a lot of places, like the Palace Museum and the Summer Palace. “Thanks to the trip, I can know Beijing better. I had a lot of fun,” he said. Chen Xiaowen, a student at China Three Gorges University, likes to relax herself by traveling. In April, she took a one-day trip to Wuhan. After getting off the train at 7:00 am, she went to 9 places of interest in Wuhan. That day, she walked about 40, 000 steps. “The trip was a little tiring, but I enjoyed it,” Chen said. “This kind of tourism is not good for everyone. Travelers need enough energy because they have to visit as many places of interest as they can in a short time.” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about “special forces-style tourism”? A．It’s usually a week long. B．It has a long history. C．It’s popular with university students. 2．How did Zhang probably feel about his trip to Beijing? A．Long and relaxing. B．Wonderful and helpful. C．Tiring and expensive. 3．What can we know about Chen’s trip to Wuhan? A．She got to Wuhan by plane. B．She spent much time taking photos. C．She visited 9 places of interest. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．It’s time to travel B．The best way to travel C．“Special forces-style tourism” gets hot 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型旅游方式——特种兵式旅游。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new way of traveling is getting popular in China these days. It means people travel to many places in a short time, usually on weekends. Most of these travelers are university students.”可知，“特种兵式旅游”是一种新型旅游方式，通常在周末进行，这些旅行者大多是大学生，故“特种兵式旅游”很受大学生欢迎，A、B项表述错误。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Thanks to the trip, I can know Beijing better. I had a lot of fun,”可知，多亏了这次旅行，张可以更好地了解北京，也玩得很开心，故张可能会觉得他的北京之行精彩又有帮助。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“she went to 9 places of interest in Wuhan”可知，陈去了武汉的9个名胜古迹。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型旅游方式——特种兵式旅游，由此可知，最好的标题应该是“‘特种兵式旅游’火爆”。故选C。 Li Liyong used to be a yachtsman (帆船运动员) on China’s national team. In 2013, he met some autistic (患自闭症的) children in a special education school for the first time. Since then, Li has been trying to make a difference to them. The ocean and yachting always give Li power, so he thought that he could help those autistic children out of their closed world. Then he decided to organize yachting activities for them. At first, nobody agreed with his idea. But Li didn’t give up. In May, 2013, the first group including 20 children and their parents began their adventure (冒险). Many children were afraid to board the yacht at first. But when they sat and tried to put their feet into the water, they smiled. A child called Xiaoyu is one of the members. His mother says he has become more outgoing and can hug or shake hands with other kids after the activity. He also shares his happiness with his family. The mother of another child Xiaoxin, says he looks very joyful on the sea. “Seeing the happiness on his face gives me hope,” she says. Li says, “I hope more people can know, understand, respect and accept autistic children, and learn to treat them like everyone else.” 1．Where did Li Liyong meet the autistic children for the first time? A．In a hospital. B．In a school. C．In a park. 2．When did the first group begin to sail on the ocean? A．In 2015. B．In 2013. C．In March. 3．How did the children of the group feel before sailing? A．Relaxed. B．Excited. C．Afraid. 4．What can we learn from the third paragraph? A．Yachting is very dangerous. B．Yachting helped autistic children. C．The children didn’t like yachting. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述前国家帆船运动员李立勇通过组织帆船活动帮助自闭症儿童的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2013, he met some autistic (患自闭症的) children in a special education school for the first time.”可知，李立勇是在一所特教育学校第一次遇见自闭症儿童的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In May, 2013, the first group including 20 children and their parents began their adventure (冒险).”可知，第一批孩子们在2013年开始了他们的海上冒险。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Many children were afraid to board the yacht at first.”可知，许多孩子一开始登上游艇时都感到害怕。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“A child called Xiaoyu is one of the members. His mother says he has become more outgoing and can hug or shake hands with other kids after the activity. He also shares his happiness with his family.”可知，一个叫小雨的孩子在活动后变得更外向了，游艇活动帮助了自闭症儿童。故选B。 Recently, my daughter reminded me of someone we saw at the train station a few years ago. That day, my daughter and I were waiting for our train. We went to buy some drinks, and then we saw the old man. Dressed poorly, he was standing in front of the counter (柜台) while counting coins slowly to buy just one bottle of water. The businessman behind him said impatiently, “Hey! Can’t you be quick? Some of us have a train to catch!” Hearing this, the old man seemed to be very embarrassed, so he walked away quietly at once. It was my turn. I bought our two drinks and the old man’s water as well. We walked up to him and gave him the water with a smile. After walking away, my daughter complained, “Dad, the old man is so impolite. He didn’t even say ‘thank you’ to us!” I told her that we did this not to get a “thank you” from other people. We just wanted to be nice. Now, my daughter always reaches out to help people. She waves, makes eye contact (接触) and says “hi” to people on the street. She holds doors for people. She scoops up things that other people drop. When I mentioned this recently, she seemed surprised. I asked her why she was so kind all the time. She said, “Because it is just right to be that way.” Then she added, “And because I see you do that all the time.” 1．Why did the writer buy water for the old man? A．Because the old man asked him for help. B．Because he wanted to get praised by others. C．Because he thought it was the right thing to do. 2．What does the phrase “scoops up” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．throws away B．picks up C．gets up 3．What can we know from the passage? A．The writer sets a good example to his daughter in her life. B．The businessman bought a bottle of water for the old man. C．The old man said “thank you” to the writer and his daughter. 4．What does the writer want to express by writing this story? A．Don’t laugh at the poor. B．Old people need more care. C．Small acts of kindness can inspire others. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和女儿在火车站遇到一个穷困老人并帮助他的经历，作者告诉女儿帮助别人并不是为了得到感谢，而是出于善意。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“ I told her that we did this not to get a ‘thank you’ from other people. We just wanted to be nice.”可知，作者给老人买了一瓶水是因为他认为这是对的事情。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据文中“She holds doors for people. She scoops up things that other people drop.”可知，此处指的是捡起别人掉的东西。选项B“捡起”符合题意。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“When I mentioned this recently, she seemed surprised. I asked her why she was so kind all the time. She said, ‘Because it is just right to be that way.’ Then she added, ‘And because I see you do that all the time.’ ”可知，作者在女儿的生活中树立一个好榜样。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文中“When I mentioned this recently, she seemed surprised. I asked her why she was so kind all the time. She said, ‘Because it is just right to be that way.’ Then she added, ‘And because I see you do that all the time.’ ”及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者和女儿在火车站遇到一个穷困老人并帮助他的经历，作者告诉女儿帮助别人并不是为了得到感谢，而是出于善意，并在女儿生活中树立了一个好的榜样，最终女儿也成为了乐于助人的人。选项C“小小的善举可以激励他人。”符合题意。故选C。 One day, a son asked his father, “What is my life worth?” His father gave him a stone and said, “If someone asks the price, stay quiet and hold up two fingers.” The boy went to the market. An old woman asked how much the stone was. The boy held up two fingers. The woman said, “Two dollars,” and tried to pay. Unsurprisingly, the boy went home and told his father. The father said, “Now go to the museum. If someone asks the price, hold up two fingers.” The boy went to the museum. A man in a suit asked how much the stone was. The boy held up two fingers. The man said, “Two hundred dollars,” and offered to pay. Shocked, the boy ran home and told his father. The father then said, “Go to the stone market.” The boy went to the stone market and showed the stone to an old man. The old man got excited and asked how much it was. The boy held up two fingers. The old man said, “Twenty thousand dollars,” and wanted to buy it. Happily, the boy hurried home and told his father. The father smiled and said, “The old man knew the true value of the stone. Your life is the same. You can be a two-dollar rock or a twenty-thousand-dollar rock. You decide your own worth. Remember, some people will see your true value, and some will not.” 1．Why did the father give the boy a stone? A．Because he wanted to play a game. B．Because he wanted to teach him a lesson. C．Because he wanted to sell it for money. 2．How did the boy feel after the man in the museum offered 200 dollars for the stone? A．Unhappy. B．Nervous. C．Surprised. 3．How much did the old man in the stone market want to give? A．20,000 dollars. B．2,000 dollars. C．20 dollars. 4．What does the story tell us? A．A good seller needs good selling skills. B．You can decide what your true worth is. C．Opinions from others are important. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了儿子询问自己生命价值，父亲通过让儿子拿一块石头去不同地方询价，来告诉儿子关于人生价值的道理。 1．推理判断题。父亲通过让儿子拿石头去不同地方询价，最后告诉儿子关于人生价值的道理，是想给儿子上一课，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“Shocked, the boy ran home and told his father.”可知，当博物馆里的人出价200美元买石头时，男孩感到很惊讶，shocked与surprised意思相近，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“The old man said, ‘Twenty thousand dollars,’ and wanted to buy it.”可知，石头市场的老人想出20000美元，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据父亲最后说的话“Your life is the same. You can be a two-dollar rock or a twenty-thousand-dollar rock. You decide your own worth.”可知，这个故事告诉我们，你可以决定自己真正的价值，故选B。 When I was a teenager, my mom started a new habit in the evenings—she called a neignbor every night. I wondered why she spent hours talking to people she didn't know well. One cold winter evening, I accidentally heard her talking to Mrs. Clark, an old lady who lived alone next door. They just talked about small things like meals and roses in the park. “How meaningless!” I thought. But Mom slowly explained, “To her, this might be the only conversation all day. Even a small talk can make her feel cared for.” Years later, when I became a nurse in an old people's home, I finally understood. Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities. Every afternoon, they'd sit in the garden staring at their empty phones. One old man told me, “The only voice I hear all day is the TV news.” That's when I realized how important Mom's phone calls were. Those simple conversations weren't just about weather or flowers. They filled those lonely hearts. When Mom asked, “Did you take your medicine today? “or” What's your favorite song from the 1950s?” she was saying, “You matter.” Now I call Mrs. Clark every week. We talk about her cat, her vegetable garden and so on. Her voice always sounds brighter when we hang up. Mom has taught me that kindness doesn't have to be big. Sometimes, it only takes a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one. 1．What did the writer think of her mother's phone calls at first? A．They seemed meaningless. B．They were about big things. C．They helped the lonely neighbors. 2．Why did elderly people feel lonely? A．They lost their friends and family members. B．Health problems made outdoor activities difficult for them. C．The nurses in the old people's home didn't care about them. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3? A．The writer could understand her mother all the time. B．The mother asked personal questions to fill her own loneliness. C．The mother tried to express her care and kindness to the elderly. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Elderly Faces Problems B．A Mother Changes her Habit C．A Small Talk Makes a Difference 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者起初不理解母亲每晚给邻居打电话的行为，认为那些对话毫无意义。但当作者成为养老院的一名护士后，逐渐意识到这些简单的对话对孤独的老年人来说意义重大，它们能温暖人心，带来关怀。作者最终也学会了像母亲一样，通过简单的电话交流，为他人带去阳光。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One cold winter evening, I accidentally heard her talking to Mrs. Clark...‘How meaningless!’ I thought.”可知，作者起初认为母亲与邻居的电话交谈毫无意义。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities.”可知，老年人感到孤独是因为他们没有家人在身边，并且健康问题也使得他们更难参与户外活动。选项B“健康问题使得他们难以进行户外活动”是老年人感到孤独的原因之一，与原文表述一致。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“When Mom asked, ‘Did you take your medicine today?’ or ‘What's your favorite song from the 1950s?’ she was saying, ‘You matter.’”可知，母亲通过询问这些看似琐碎的问题，实际上是在向老年人表达她的关心和善意，让他们感受到自己是被重视的。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，作者通过讲述自己母亲每晚给邻居打电话的习惯，以及自己后来在养老院工作的经历，逐渐认识到这些简单的对话对孤独的老年人来说意义重大。文章最后一段“Sometimes, it only takes a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one.”也点明了文章的主旨，即简单的对话就能带来改变。因此选项C“一次简短的交谈就能带来改变”最能概括文章的主旨，是最佳标题。故选C。 When I was a teenager, my mom started a new habit in the evenings—she called a neighbor every night. I wondered why she spent hours talking to people she didn’t know well. One cold winter evening, I accidentally heard her talking to Mrs. Clark, an old lady who lived alone next door. They just talked about small things like meals and roses in the park. “How meaningless!” I thought. But Mom slowly explained, “To her, this might be the only conversation all day. Even a small talk can make her feel cared for.” Years later, when I became a nurse in an old people’s home, I finally understood. Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities. Every afternoon, they’d sit in the garden staring at their empty phones. One old man told me, “The only voice I hear all day is the TV news.” That’s when I realized how important Mom’s phone calls were. Those simple conversations weren’t just about weather or flowers. They filled those lonely hearts. When Mom asked, “Did you take your medicine today?” or “What’s your favorite song from the 1950s?” she was saying, “You matter.” Now I call Mrs. Clark every week. We talk about her cat, her vegetable garden and so on. Her voice always sounds brighter when we hang up. Mom has taught me that kindness doesn’t have to be big. Sometimes, it only takes a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one. 1．What did the writer think of her mother’s phone calls at first? A．They seemed meaningless. B．They were about big things. C．They helped the lonely neighbors. 2．Why did elderly people feel lonely? A．They lost their friends and family members. B．Health problems made outdoor activities difficult for them. C．The nurses in the old people’s home didn’t care about them. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 3? A．The writer could understand her mother all the time. B．The mother asked personal questions to fill her own loneliness. C．The mother tried to express her care and kindness to the elderly. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Elderly Faces Problems. B．A Mother Changes her Habit. C．A Small Talk Makes a Difference. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过作者从误解到理解的经历，揭示简单交谈对孤独老人的重要意义，强调微小善举的巨大影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“How meaningless!”可知，作者最初认为母亲的电话毫无意义。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Many elderly people feel lonely because they had no family nearby. Health problems also made it harder for them to join in outdoor activities.”可知，老人因健康问题难以参与户外活动和家人不在身边而感到孤独。故选B。 3．推理判断题。第三段强调母亲的提问如“今天吃药了吗？”，实际是表达关心，选项C准确概括了母亲的意图。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。全文核心是“简单的对话能缓解孤独”，选项C“小对话大影响”，既点明主题又呼应结尾的“a five-minute call to turn a lonely day into a sunny one”。故选C。 Do you want to be a “Chao-Teen” (超少年)? Do you know it names after Zhang Chao, a hero who was born in Yueyang? When he was young, he had a big dream of flying in the sky. In 2004, he joined the army. During his time as a pilot, Zhang Chao was really talented and hard-working. He flew different kinds of fighter planes. In 2015, he became a carrier-based pilot (舰载机飞行员). Landing on a carrier is very dangerous. It’s like “dancing on the tip of a knife”. But Zhang Chao wasn’t afraid. He wanted to take on this difficult challenge. On April 27, 2016, during a training, there was something wrong with the electrical transmission (电力传输). At that dangerous moment, he tried his best to save the plane and didn’t want to give it up. But in the end, he sacrificed (牺牲) because the height was too low when he ejected (弹出舱). Zhang Chao’s brave story touched a lot of people. After his death, he was rewarded many honors, like “The Strong Pioneer Chasing Dreams in the Sea and Sky”. His spirit not only makes young people brave, but also encourages them to work harder for our country. His story shows us that people would give up a lot, even their lives, to protect our country. 1．When did Zhang Chao join the army? A．In 1986. B．In 2004. C．In 2015. 2．What kind of pilot did Zhang Chao become in 2015? A．A trainer pilot. B．A carrier-based pilot. C．A flight-test pilot. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage? A．Zhang Chao died for the country. B．Zhang Chao didn’t get great any honors. C．Zhang Chao didn’t want to save the plane. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To introduce Zhang Chao’s job. B．To introduce Zhang Chao’s dream. C．To introduce Zhang Chao’s spirit. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了出生于岳阳的英雄张超的生平事迹，重点讲述了他成为舰载机飞行员后，在一次训练中因飞机电力传输故障，为拯救飞机而牺牲的英勇故事，展现了他的勇敢和为国家无私奉献的精神，以及这种精神对年轻人的激励作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2004, he joined the army.”可知，张超是在 2004年参军的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2015, he became a carrier-based pilot.”可知，张超在2015年成为了一名舰载机飞行员。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“On April 27, 2016, during a training...But in the end, he sacrificed because the height was too low when he ejected.”可知，2016年4月27日，张超为了国家在飞行训练中牺牲。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。综合全文，尤其是根据最后一段“His spirit not only makes young people brave, but also encourages them to work harder for our country.”可知，本文介绍了张超的基本情况和飞行经历，然后着重描述了他在事故中为拯救飞机而牺牲的经过，最后强调了他的精神对年轻人的激励作用；因此，本文的目的是介绍张超的精神。故选C。 Over the past five years, Miao Zhenjie has been teaching the skills of porcelain carving (刻瓷). Her students are children with hearing problems at a special school in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. Miao began learning to carve porcelain in 1997. One day, she saw a folk artist carving a cute dog on a white porcelain plate. She was amazed. Then she decided to learn the skills. The art of porcelain carving has a long history and was popular during the Qing Dynasty. Different pictures and patterns, including humans, flowers, birds and buildings, can be created on the surface of porcelain with special tools. According to Miao, different from many traditional forms of art, porcelain carvings can be kept forever. However, it’s not easy to carve on a very thin surface. It requires precision (精确) and great painting skills. To spread the traditional culture, Miao began teaching at the school in 2018. “I found that the students with hearing problems are good learners of the art, because they are not easy influenced by different sounds in the process of caring and can completely focus on (集中注意力) their work,”she said. “They also have their own understanding of the art.” With the help of other teachers, Miao has little difficulty communicating with her students. They can read my lips (嘴唇) and then think, describe and share their understanding and questions. They get lots of happiness from the process. “I will continue to help the students learn the skills and create more beautiful works of art. I also hope I can spread the traditional art and let more people enjoy it.” she said. 1．What made Miao Zhenjie have the idea of learning porcelain carving? A．A beautiful picture. B．Seeing an artist doing porcelain carving. C．Visiting a special school in Taiyuan, Shanxi. 2．What do we know about the art of porcelain carving? A．It is popular among children. B．It appeared in the Qing Dynasty. C．It requires precision and great painting skills. 3．How does Miao Zhenjie probably feel about her work? A．Proud. B．Bored. C．Worried. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we see the passage? A．History. B．People. C．Science. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了瓷刻艺术家苗振洁的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“Miao began learning to carve porcelain in 1997. One day, she saw a folk artist carving a cute dog on a white porcelain plate. She was amazed. Then she decided to learn the skills.”可知，苗振洁因看到艺术家刻瓷而萌生学习想法，故选B。   2．细节理解题。根据“According to Miao, different from many traditional forms of art, porcelain carvings can be kept forever. However, it's not easy to carve on a very thin surface. It requires precision (精确) and great painting skills.”可知，刻瓷需要精确性和高超绘画技巧，故选C。   3．推理判断题。根据“I will continue to help the students learn the skills and create more beautiful works of art. I also hope I can spread the traditional art...”可推测，苗振洁对工作充满热情和自豪感，故选A。   4．推理判断题。这篇文章围绕苗振洁个人事迹展开，属于人物故事类报道，故选B。 One day, while I was waiting for my father, I saw a little boy, around two years old, running freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance. The boy had a big smile on his face. The boy would fall on the grass, get up, without looking back at his mother, run as fast as he could, again, still with a smile on his face, às if nothing had happened. Most adults, when they fall down, make a big deal out of it and don’t even make a second attempt (尝试). They will be so embarrassed that they will not try again if someone sees them fall. Or, because they fall, they will find a good excuse for themselves that they are not fit for it. They will end up being too afraid to attempt again for fear of failure. However, as to kids, when they fall down, they don’t consider their falling down as a failure, instead, they look on it as a learning experience. They try again and again until they succeed. The answer must be that they have not connected “falling down” with the word “failure”. What’s more, they probably think to themselves that it’s quite okay to fall down and that it is not wrong to do so. In other words, they allow themselves to make mistakes, so they remain energetic. 1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage? A．By asking questions. B．By giving the background. C．By showing some examples. 2．What will most adults do if they fall down according to the passage? A．They will make a second try. B．They will wait for others’ help. C．They will be afraid to try again. 3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? A．The kids’ falling down. B．The smile on kids’ faces. C．The mistake the kids made. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell us that don’t be afraid to fail. B．To tell us that it is never too old to learn. C．To tell us that you need to ask for help if you fall down. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者看到一个小男孩摔倒后，又很高兴地爬起来继续奔跑，让作者想到成年人，一旦摔倒就想要放弃，从中作者对这个小男孩坚持不懈的精神印象深刻。 1．细节理解题。根据文中描述一个小男孩在草地上自由奔跑、摔倒又爬起继续跑且面带微笑，而大多数成年人摔倒后会小题大做、不再尝试等内容，可知作者是通过展示小男孩和成年人摔倒后的不同表现这些例子来引出文章主题的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Most adults, when they fall down, make a big deal out of it and don’t even make a second attempt (尝试). They will be so embarrassed that they will not try again if someone sees them fall.”可知，大多数成年人摔倒后会把这当成大事，甚至不会再尝试第二次，如果有人看到他们摔倒会很尴尬，也就是他们会害怕再次尝试。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“However, as to kids, when they fall down, they don’t consider their falling down as a failure, instead, they look on it as a learning experience.”可知对于孩子来说，当他们摔倒时，他们并不认为这是一次失败，相反，他们把这看作是一次学习的经历。it指代的是孩子们摔倒这件事。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章通过小男孩不怕摔倒和成年人害怕失败不敢再尝试的对比，意在告诉人们不要害怕失败。B选项“活到老学到老”与文章主旨不符；C选项“摔倒后需要寻求帮助”并非文章重点。故选A。 When I was a grade 9 student, I often felt tired and stressful because of the busy schoolwork. Gradually (逐渐地), I lost my confidence and even hope in my study. Thanks to a famous writer whose words shine with the beauty of love and wisdom (智慧的), I was saved from pain and hopelessness. Her name is Bi Shumin. When I was reading her books, I felt something special burning in my heart. When I was sad, she told me, “In an imperfect life, mud (泥土) and sand are actually the raw materials (原料) of precious life. You should learn to be strong.” Lifting my head, I felt a power I couldn’t name filled my heart. When I looked outside the window, birds were singing and everything looked so warm. Her soft but powerful words made me relaxed and finally I found my way out of sadness. Bi not only saved me from pain but also told me something about life. In her books, she tells me to be true to myself. I need neither to please others nor to wrong myself. Her soft words have the power to help me stay positive (乐观的) towards life. Like the shining light, it leads me to a more beautiful and wonderful world. Now I am in a book club, where I can talk about the books I have read with my classmates. I do enjoy reading so much and it really brightens my days. 1．What are in Bi Shumin’s words? A．Love and wisdom. B．Tiredness and stress. C．Confidence and hope. 2．Why did Bi’s words make the writer relaxed and save him from sadness? A．Bi’s words are easy to understand. B．Bi’s words are soft but powerful. C．The writer found his way finally. 3．What else did Bi tell the writer in her books? A．Please others. B．Wrong himself. C．Be true to himself. 4．What can be inferred (推断) from the passage? A．The writer has met Bi Shumin and they had a nice talk. B．The writer will help more classmates with their reading. C．The writer will keep the habit of reading. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在九年级时因繁重的学业感到疲惫和压力，逐渐失去信心和希望，通过阅读作家毕淑敏的书籍，作者从痛苦和绝望中解脱出来，找到了生活的力量和方向。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thanks to a famous writer whose words shine with the beauty of love and wisdom (智慧的), I was saved from pain and hopelessness.”可知，毕淑敏的言语中充满了爱和智慧。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Her soft but powerful words made me relaxed and finally I found my way out of sadness.”可知，毕淑敏的言语虽然柔和但有力，让作者感到放松，最终走出了悲伤。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In her books, she tells me to be true to myself. I need neither to please others nor to wrong myself.”可知，毕淑敏在书中告诉作者要真实地面对自己，既不需要取悦他人，也不需要委屈自己。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now I am in a book club, where I can talk about the books I have read with my classmates. I do enjoy reading so much and it really brightens my days.”可知，作者现在加入了读书俱乐部，享受阅读带来的快乐，可以推断作者会继续保持阅读的习惯。故选C。 For young people who grow up in villages, finding a job in the city sounds good. But Ning Fenfang, 34, left the big city to be a farmer. In 2017, she left her job in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, and went back to her hometown of Cili County in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province. At that time, much of the farmland there was deserted (被遗弃). Seeing this, Ning decided to be a farmer. She started with growing rice and rape seed (油菜籽) in 2020 and hired many villagers to work on her land, providing jobs for local people. Ning now farms more than 66.7 hectares (公顷) of land. More than 300 housewives have worked part-time on her land, each making more than 10,000 yuan per year. “It’s never easy,” said Ning. At first, she didn’t have enough farming knowledge. Then, people couldn’t understand her decision to become a farmer. Farming is often seen as an “unsuitable” job for both the post-90s generation and women in general. However, Ning loved farming. “When you’re tired, you can stop and rest and do what you want to do. Every day, you can enjoy nature that many people hope for,” Ning said. Ning has tried to turn farming into a “fashionable” job. Rather than depend on farmers, she advises mechanized (机械化) farming, which means using high-tech machines. She also plans to provide children living in cities with a chance to experience farming. Ning always feels responsible for farmers. Recently she has suggested that the agricultural insurance (农业保险) plans should include greenhouses, as freezing rain hit her hometown and caused losses to farmers in the winter of 2023. 1．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Many young people from villages expect to get a job in the city. B．Quite a few young people want to be farmers in the village now. C．It’s impossible for young people from villages to get a job in the city. 2．How did Ning manage her farmland at first? A．She worked on the land by herself. B．She hired many villagers to work on her land. C．She used the high-tech machines all the time. 3．Why was it not easy for Ning to be a farmer at first? A．She didn’t have a strong will. B．She didn’t have enough money. C．She didn’t have enough farming knowledge. 4．What is Ning like according to the last two paragraphs? A．Friendly and humorous. B．Creative and responsible. C．Strict and hard-working. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了宁芬芳离开大城市，选择做农民，带领家乡的父老乡亲致富的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据“For young people who grow up in villages, finding a job in the city sounds good.”可推知许多来自农村的年轻人毕业后都期望在城市找到一份工作，然后定居城里。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“She started with growing rice and rape seed (油菜籽) in 2020 and hired many villagers to work on her land, providing jobs for local people.”可知一开始她雇佣了许多村民在她的土地上工作。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“ ‘It’s never easy,’ said Ning. At first, she didn’t have enough farming knowledge.”可知因为她没有足够的农业知识。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“she advises mechanized (机械化) farming, which means using high-tech machines. She also plans to provide children living in cities with a chance to experience farming.”可知她主张机械化农业，并且计划给城里的孩子提供体验农业的机会，说明她具有创造性；根据“Ning always feels responsible for farmers.”可知她是一个负责任的人。故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $