寒假练习 1 现在完成时 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级上册

人教版八年级英语（上）寒假练习卷（一）现在完成时 一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从下列每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My family and I ______ in this city since I was born. A. live B. lived C. have lived D. will live 2. — ______ you ______ your homework yet? — Yes, I finished it an hour ago. A. Do; finish B. Did; finish C. Have; finished D. Are; finishing 3. His grandfather ______ for five years. We all miss him very much. A. died B. has died C. has been dead D. was dead 4. — How long have you ______ the football? — For about two weeks. A. bought B. borrowed C. had D. lent 5. I ______ this movie three times. It’s really touching. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 6. — Where is Mr. Wang? — He ______ to the office. He will be back soon. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 7. She ______ as an English teacher since she graduated from university. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. will work 8. — Have you ever ______ to the Great Wall? — Yes, I ______ there with my parents last autumn. A. been; went B. gone; went C. been; have been D. gone; have gone 9. The train ______. Let’s get on it quickly. A. has already left B. has already been away C. already left D. is already leaving 10. This is the most interesting book I ______. A. have ever read B. had ever read C. ever read D. was reading 11. — Your room is so clean! — Thanks. I ______ it just now. A. clean B. cleaned C. have cleaned D. will clean 12. We ______ each other since we met at a summer camp ten years ago. A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known 13. — I can’t find my dictionary. Have you seen it? — Yes. I ______ it on the teacher’s desk five minutes ago. A. saw B. have seen C. see D. am seeing 14. So far, scientists ______ a lot about the universe, but there is still much to discover. A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. will learn 15. — How long ______ you ______ this bike? — For about half a year. A. have; bought B. did; buy C. have; had D. do; have 二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I still remember the day when I first got my pet dog, Lucky. We 16 him for eight years now. He became a member of our family when I was in primary school. Since then, my life 17 a lot because of him. Lucky is very clever. I 18 him many tricks, such as shaking hands and fetching balls. He learns quickly. So far, he 19 almost all the basic commands. Taking care of Lucky also teaches me responsibility. I 20 him for a walk every day since I was twelve. Last month, Lucky was sick. We 21 him to the vet immediately. The doctor said he ate something wrong. Luckily, after taking some medicine, he 22 better now. This experience made me realize how important he is to me. I 23 many happy moments with Lucky. He is not just a pet; he is my best friend. I believe our friendship 24 stronger over the years. I hope we 25 together for many more years to come. 16. A. have B. had C. have had D. will have 17. A. changes B. changed C. has changed D. will change 18. A. teach B. taught C. have taught D. am teaching 19. A. masters B. mastered C. has mastered D. will master 20. A. take B. took C. have taken D. am taking 21. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 22. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 23. A. share B. shared C. have shared D. will share 24. A. becomes B. became C. has become D. will become 25. A. stay B. stayed C. have stayed D. will stay 三、阅读理解（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。 Zhang Ming is a volunteer in our community. He started volunteering three years ago when he retired. Since then, he has spent most of his free time helping others. Every Monday and Wednesday, he has taught children from migrant workers' families to read and write. So far, he has helped over thirty children improve their grades. On weekends, he often visits the elderly who live alone. He chats with them, buys groceries for them, and sometimes helps clean their houses. The elderly all say that Zhang Ming has brought warmth and joy into their lives. When asked why he does this, Zhang Ming said, “Helping others makes me feel happy and young. I have received much more than I have given.” His story has encouraged many people in our community to join in volunteer work. 26. How long has Zhang Ming been a volunteer? A. For three years. B. Since last year. C. For five years. D. Since he was young. 27. What does Zhang Ming do on Mondays and Wednesdays? A. He visits the elderly. B. He cleans the community. C. He teaches children. D. He buys groceries. 28. How many children has Zhang Ming helped so far? A. More than 20. B. More than 30. C. Less than 30. D. About 20. 29. How do the elderly feel about Zhang Ming's help? A. They feel tired. B. They feel warm and happy. C. They feel bored. D. They feel surprised. 30. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Zhang Ming is a retired teacher. B. Zhang Ming lives a busy life. C. Zhang Ming is a helpful volunteer. D. Children need help with their studies. 四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） A) 根据句意及所给中文提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。 31. I have ________ (从未) been to a foreign country. 32. How long have you ________ (拥有) this dictionary? 33. They have ________ (已经) finished the project. 34. My father has ________ (离开) home for work. He will be back tonight. 35. So far, we have ________ (学习) more than 1000 English words. B) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 36. I ________ (not see) the new teacher yet. 37. She ________ (be) to the museum twice this month. 38. — Where is Lucy? — She ________ (go) to the library. 39. The film ________ (begin). You missed the first ten minutes. 40. We ________ (know) each other since we were children. 五、完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据中文意思完成句子，每空一词。 41. 李先生在这家工厂工作十年了。 Mr. Li ________ ________ in this factory for ten years. 42. 你曾经吃过日本食物吗？ ________ you ever ________ Japanese food? 43. 这本书我已经借了两周了。 I ________ ________ this book for two weeks. 44. 自从去年以来，这个城市发生了巨大的变化。 Great changes ________ ________ ________ in this city since last year. 45. 会议已经开始半小时了。 The meeting ________ ________ ________ for half an hour. 参考答案及详细解析 一、单项选择 1-5: CCCCC 6-10: BCABA 11-15: BCACC 解析思路： 1. C。句中有since引导的时间状语从句，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，主句用现在完成时（have lived）。 2. C。句中有yet，常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句。答句“an hour ago”是过去时间点，但问句询问对现在的影响（作业是否完成），用Have you finished。 3. C。句意“他的祖父去世五年了。”for five years是一段时间，die是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性状态has been dead。 4. C。答句For about two weeks是一段时间，问句动词需用延续性动词。buy，borrow，lend均为瞬间动词，只有have是延续性动词，故选have had。 5. C。句意“这部电影我已看过三遍。”three times表示次数，强调过去的经历对现在的影响（很熟悉或很感动），用现在完成时have seen。 6. B。答句“他去了办公室。”表示人不在说话地，用has gone to。has been to表示“去过已回来”。 7. C。句中有since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时has worked。 8. A。问句“你去过长城吗？”用have been to表示“曾去过”。答句“last autumn”是具体的过去时间点，用一般过去时went。 9. B。句意“火车已经开走了。”强调状态已持续一段时间，leave是瞬间动词，需用be away的完成时has been away。若用A项has left，则只强调“离开”的动作完成，不强调状态延续，但结合“Let's get on”语境，车已开走一段时间（状态），B项更佳。 10. A。句意“这是我读过的最有趣的书。”从句中“我读过”这一经验发生在过去，但对现在有影响（这是最有趣的），用现在完成时have ever read。ever常用于现在完成时中。 11. B。答句“just now（刚才）”是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时cleaned。不能选C，因为现在完成时不能与明确的过去时间状语连用。 12. C。句中有since引导的时间状语从句，表示从过去持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时have known。 13. A。答句“five minutes ago”是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时saw。 14. C。句首So far（到目前为止）与现在完成时连用，强调至今取得的成果，用have learned。 15. C。答句For about half a year是一段时间，问句需用现在完成时，且动词需用延续性动词had（拥有），buy是瞬间动词。 二、完形填空 16-20: CCCCC 21-25: BACDC 解析思路： 16. C。句中有for eight years now，表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，用现在完成时have had。 17. C。Since then（从那以后）与现在完成时连用，表示从过去持续到现在的变化，故选has changed。 18. C。描述“我”至今教了它很多技巧，强调过去的经历对现在的影响（狗会这些技巧），用现在完成时have taught。 19. C。So far（到目前为止）与现在完成时连用，表示狗至今掌握的情况，故选has mastered。 20. C。句中有since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，表示从十二岁开始持续到现在的习惯性动作，用have taken。 21. B。Last month是明确的过去时间状语，用一般过去时took。 22. C。句中有now，但结合上下文“吃完药后”，表示从过去（生病服药后）持续到现在的状态“已经好转了”，用现在完成时has been。A项is只表示现在状态，未能体现从过去到现在的变化过程。 23. C。描述“我”至今与狗共享了许多快乐时光，用现在完成时have shared。 24. C。over the years（这些年来）与现在完成时连用，表示友谊持续增长到现在，故选has become。 25. D。句意“我希望我们将来还能在一起很多年。”for many more years to come指向未来，hope后的宾语从句用一般将来时will stay。 三、阅读理解 26-30: ACBBC 解析思路： 26. A。细节题。由第一段第二句“He started volunteering three years ago...”可知是三年。 27. C。细节题。由第二段第一句“...he has taught children from migrant workers' families to read and write.”可知。 28. B。细节题。由第二段第二句“So far, he has helped over thirty children...”可知是超过30个。 29. B。细节题。由第二段最后一句“The elderly all say that Zhang Ming has brought warmth and joy into their lives.”可知他们感到温暖和快乐。 30. C。主旨题。全文围绕张明作为志愿者的故事展开，讲述他如何帮助他人，因此主要意思是“张明是一位乐于助人的志愿者”。 四、词汇运用 A) 31. never 32. had 33. already 34. left 35. learned/learnt B) 36. haven't seen 37. has been 38. has gone 39. has begun 40. have known 解析思路： 31. never常用于现在完成时中，表示“从未”。 32. “拥有”一段时间，用延续性动词have的过去分词had。 33. already常用于现在完成时肯定句中。 34. “离开”是瞬间动作，用leave的过去分词left。句意强调“已离开”的状态。 35. So far与现在完成时连用，learn的过去分词为learned或learnt。 36. yet常用于现在完成时否定句，结构为haven't seen。 37. twice this month（本月两次）与现在完成时连用，表示经历，has been to。 38. 答句表示“她去了图书馆”（人不在说话地），用has gone to。 39. 句意“电影已开始。”强调对现在的影响（你错过了开头），用has begun。 40. since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时have known。 五、完成句子 41. has worked 42. Have; eaten 43. have kept/ have had 44. have taken place 45. has been on 解析思路： 41. “工作十年了”表示持续的状态，for ten years是一段时间，用现在完成时，work是延续性动词，用has worked。 42. “曾经吃过”表示经验，用现在完成时，Have you ever eaten。 43. “借了两周”是时间段，borrow是瞬间动词，需用延续性动词keep或have替代，用现在完成时have kept/have had。 44. “发生”take place是瞬间动词短语，但常用于完成时表示从过去某时至今发生的变化。since last year是时间点，用现在完成时have taken place。注意主语changes是复数。 45. “开始半小时了”是时间段，begin是瞬间动词，需用be on的完成时has been on。 2/2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $