热点13 网络媒体与通讯技术（热点专练）（上海专用）2026年高考英语二轮复习讲练测

题材热点13 网络媒体与通讯技术 内容导航 原文欣赏 词汇积累 限时实战 热点时文阅读 情境导入 高效科普：呈现前沿科技或社会热点，进入真实情境，提取关键信息。 话题词汇速记 聚焦话题，扩充语料库：归纳本话题高频单词、短语，扩大词汇量，高效领悟同主题文章。 热点限时精练 模拟实战 巩固提升：完形填空/语法填空/词汇填空/六选四/概要，限时组合练，提升信息迁移能力。 【背景速递】 图瓦卢希望成为世界上首个数字化的国家“digital country”。图瓦卢位于夏威夷和澳大利亚之间，由多个礁岛和环礁共同组成。由于海平面上涨，许多图瓦卢居民都不得不离开自己的家园。图瓦卢政府希望通过记录和保存历史文件、地图、传统音乐和其他信息在互联网上重建这个国家。然而，将一个国家完全迁移到互联网上依然存在着许多问题。本文讨论数字化国家面临的挑战。 【原文欣赏】 The world's first digital country Tuvalu, the fourth smallest nation in the world, announced its intention to become the world’s first digital country back in 2022. But why, and how? Facing the devastating effects of rising sea levels caused by climate change, the nation, made up of three reef islands and six atolls, is rapidly becoming uninhabitable. Tuvalu sits between Hawaii and Australia and is grappling with increasingly dire conditions. In 2022, at high tide, nearly 40% of the capital became submerged, according to the news agency Reuters. A recent assessment by scientists at NASA indicated that “much of the land plus critical infrastructure will sit below the level of the current high tide by 2050”. And projections suggest the entire country could be underwater by the year 2100. Global warming has already displaced many of Tuvalu’s 11,000 inhabitants, while coral bleaching and coastal erosion continue to degrade the surrounding environment. This is why the government plans to back up the country and rebuild a virtual online replica. The announcement was first made at the UN Climate Change Conference, COP27 by Tuvalu's Minister of Justice, Simon Kofe. He said, “As our land slips below the ocean, we have no choice but to become the world’s first digital nation. Our land, our ocean, our culture are the most precious assets of our people”. The country has since been preserving Tuvalu’s cultural and historical identity by recording historical documents, maps, family photograph albums, traditional songs, and other cultural practices, all of which will be accessible online. In early 2024, Place, a global non-profit organisation, began mapping the physical features of Funafuti, Tuvalu’s capital, using drones and 360-degree cameras. Though moving a country online has legal challenges—international law requires a country to have territory and population, both of which are uncertain in Tuvalu’s future. At the same time, critics argue the plan is just for publicity, highlighting the need to reduce emissions.   Whatever happens, a digital twin of the country will help preserve its culture and heritage for generations to come. 【译文赏析】 世界上首个数字化国家 图瓦卢是全球第四小的国家，早在2022年就宣布要成为全球首个数字化国家。但为何要这么做？又该如何实现？ 面对气候变化导致的海平面上升带来的毁灭性影响，这个由三座珊瑚礁岛和六个环礁组成的国家正迅速变得不宜居住。图瓦卢位于夏威夷和澳大利亚之间，正面临日益严峻的环境危机。据路透社报道，2022年涨潮时，首都近40%的区域被海水淹没。美国宇航局科学家最新评估显示，“到2050年，大部分陆地及关键基础设施将低于当前的最高潮位”。预测表明，到2100年整个国家可能被海水淹没。全球变暖已迫使图瓦卢1.1万居民中的许多人背井离乡，珊瑚白化和海岸侵蚀持续破坏周边环境。 正因如此，政府计划备份国家数据并重建虚拟数字副本。这一声明由图瓦卢司法部长西蒙·科费在联合国气候变化大会COP27上首次宣布。他表示：“随着我们的土地逐渐沉入海底，我们别无选择，只能成为全球首个数字化国家。我们的土地、海洋和文化是我们人民最宝贵的财富”。 自那时起，图瓦卢通过系统记录历史文献、地图、家庭相册、传统民歌等文化资料，持续守护着国家的文化基因。这些珍贵遗产将全面开放线上查阅。2024年初，国际非营利组织“Place”启动首都富纳富提的数字化测绘项目，运用无人机和360度全景相机进行实地测绘。 不过将国家实体搬到线上存在法律障碍——国际法要求国家必须具备明确的领土和人口，而图瓦卢的未来仍充满变数。与此同时，批评者指出该计划实为博眼球，强调减排才是重点。 无论最终结果如何，这个国家的数字孪生体都将为子孙后代守护文化遗产。 测验与练习 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. How could sea levels affect Tuvalu in 2100? 2. What is causing the degradation of the surrounding environment of Tuvalu? 3.  True or False? Simon Kofe says a digital replica is just one option of many they have for preserving the country. 4. How is Tuvalu preserving its identity? 5. True or False? International law makes it difficult for Tuvalu to become a digital country. 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The earthquake has damaged critical _______ like power lines and hospitals. reef island        atoll             coast              infrastructure 2. Oh no! I didn’t _______ my laptop onto a hard drive and now it’s broken. degrade              grapple with         back up          preserve 3. Careful on the ice. You don’t want to _______. map                  slip               displace           highlight 4. The planet is so hot that it is said to be _______. Nothing could survive there. virtual               submerged         underwater       uninhabitable 5. At _______, the town is at risk of severe flooding. emissions            erosion            high tide          bleached 答案 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. How could sea levels affect Tuvalu in 2100? Projections suggest the entire country could be underwater by 2100. 2. What is causing the degradation of the surrounding environment of Tuvalu? Coral bleaching and coastal erosion are degrading the surrounding environment. 3. True or False? Simon Kofe says a digital replica is just one option of many they have for preserving the country. False. He said, “we have no choice but to become the world’s first digital nation”. 4. How is Tuvalu preserving its identity? It is recording historical documents, maps, family photograph albums, traditional songs, and other cultural practices. 5. True or False? International law makes it difficult for Tuvalu to become a digital country. True. International law requires a country to have territory and population, both of which are uncertain for Tuvalu’s future. 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The earthquake has damaged critical infrastructure like power lines and hospitals. 2. Oh no! I didn’t back up my laptop onto a hard drive and now it’s broken. 3. Careful on the ice. You don’t want to slip.  4. The planet is so hot that it is said to be uninhabitable. Nothing could survive there. 5. At high tide, the town is at risk of severe flooding. 【词汇积累】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 reef island 礁岛 atoll 环礁 uninhabitable 无法居住的 grapple with 努力应对 high tide 满潮，潮水最高的时候 submerged 没入水中的，被液体淹没的 critical infrastructure 关键的基础设施 underwater 水面下的 displace 使……离开家园，流离失所 coral bleaching 珊瑚白化 coastal erosion 海岸侵蚀 degrade 危害，使……劣化 back up 备份 virtual replica 虚拟复制品 slip below 逐渐滑入……以下 preserve 保护，保存 map 绘制（地图等） territory 领土 emission 排放   （建议用时：40分钟） 题型01 语法填空 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Smart TV channels a sense of frustration The phenomenon of watching less or not watching TV has mirrored a plunge in traditional TV sales in recent years. “I haven’t watched TV at home for almost five years.” The same sentiment is a true portrayal of many Gen-Zers today. In the past when entertainment options 1 (limit), TV dominated. Nowadays, computers, mobile phones and tablets, all of 2 offer more content, have overtaken TV in the viewing stakes. “Watching 3 (much) or not watching TV is the inevitable result of the diversification of entertainment for young people. The programs offered by the major TV stations is increasingly unable to meet the needs of young people, and a few minutes of advertisements are added at every turn, 4 (make) it difficult to compete with mobile phones and tablets,” says Li Dadi at Haige Business Watch, a public WeChat account 5 (dedicate) to business analysis. The phenomenon mirrors a plunge in traditional TV sales in recent years. A report by All View Cloud, a data analysis company, says that domestic TV sales in 2020 were 44.5 million units, down 9.1 percent year-on-year; and sales revenue was 120.9 billion yuan ($19.1 billion), down 11.7 percent. However, not watching traditional TV does not mean 6 (not use) the actual set. The current development of smart TV is not just a tool for watching programs on the box. The three major video content providers, Tencent Video, iQiyi and Youku, have all launched TV applications. People 7 also cast the content of their mobile phones onto the TV at any time. Leaning on the sofa and watching a 55-inch big screen is still much more comfortable than lying on the bed with a 6.1-inch mobile phone. However, compared with the rapid development and profit growth of internet smart TV, complaints about a decline in service experience have come to light. A woman’s complaint over her newly bought TV set has echoed across Chinese social media recently. In her video, posted on Douyin, she says most people watching TV now are elders, and a TV cannot be turned on 8 two remote controls at least. After she finally turned it on, advertisements popped up and lasted for more than 10 seconds. The various charging apps, all required to be purchased to allow for viewing, 9 (make) the experience worse. Without a VIP membership, there came another 70-second advertisement 10 she could finally watch a proper TV series. “I miss the simple TV set of my childhood,” she said. 【答案】 1．were limited 2．which 3．less 4．making 5．dedicated 6．not using 7．can 8．without 9．made 10．before 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了Z世代人不再看传统电视，转向观看智能电视的现象，文章介绍了智能电视可以灵活选择及要求收费、广告太长等特点。 1．考查动词时态语态。句意：在娱乐选择有限的过去，电视占据了主导地位。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，主语options为名词复数，与动词limit构成被动关系，且结合In the past可知，句子描述过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were limited。 2．考查定语从句。句意：如今，电脑、手机和平板电脑都提供了更多的内容，在观看方面已经超过了电视。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词与all of构成非限制性定语从句，先行词为computers, mobile phones and tablets，作介词of的引语，表示事物，用which引导。故填which。 3．考查副词比较级。句意：少看电视或不看电视是年轻人娱乐多样化的必然结果。根据第一段The phenomenon of watching less or not watching TV及句意可知，此处表示“少看电视”，用副词比较级less修饰watch。故填less。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：各大电视台提供的节目越来越不能满足年轻人的需求，而且每次都加几分钟的广告，这使得它很难与手机和平板电脑竞争，”海哥商业观察——一个致力于商业分析的微信公众号——的李大地说。空处为非谓语动词，结合句意，此处为结果状语，且是自然发生的结果，用现在分词。故填making。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处修饰public WeChat account，作后置定语，a public WeChat account与dedicate构成被动关系，用过去分词。故填dedicated。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，不看传统电视并不意味着不用电视机。mean意思为：意味着，空处用动名词作宾语，且为否定形式。故填not using。 7．考查情态动词。句意：人们还可以在任何时候将手机上的内容投射到电视上。People为主语，cast为动词原形，空处缺少情态动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“可以，能够”用can。故填can。 8．考查介词。句意：在她发布在抖音上的视频中，她说现在看电视的大多数人都是老年人，至少没有两个遥控器是开不了电视的。根据two remote controls可知，空处为介词，结合句意可知，现在的网络电视至少没有两个遥控器是开不了的，空处表示“没有”用without。故填without。 9．考查动词时态。句意：各种各样的收费应用程序，都需要购买才能观看，这让体验变得更糟。空处为句子的谓语，结合前文和后文语境可知，这是一般过去时，动词用过去式made。故填made。 10．考查时间状语从句。句意：如果没有VIP会员资格，在她终于能看一部像样的电视剧之前，还要再看一个70秒的广告。结合句意，表示“在看电视剧之前还要看广告”，用从属连词before，引导时间状语从句，故填before。 题型02 选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adaptation    B．address    C． applied    D．claims    E. compete    F. dominating G. public-interest    H. reemerging    I. responded    J. survival    K. transformed Big Tech Shouldn’t Rescue the Newspaper Industry In the early 17th century, London’s St Paul’s Cathedral was a hub for news and gossip, where entrepreneurs sold handwritten “letters of news” to wealthy subscribers. Today, a similar subscription model is 11 in the newspaper industry, marking the end of an era when newspapers relied on mass markets and advertising for profits. For decades, newspapers sold their content below production costs to attract readers for advertisers. The old saying—“If you’re not paying, you are the product”— 12 as much to newspapers as it does to modern tech platforms. However, the internet has 13 this business model. Over the past two decades, newspaper ad revenues in America have dropped by 80%, and circulation has halved. Digital advertising hasn’t made up for these losses, with giants like Google and Facebook 14 the market. In the UK, for instance, Google controls over 90% of search ad revenue, while Facebook 15 half of all display ad revenue. Faced with these challenges, newspapers are turning to governments for help, arguing that their 16 is vital for democracy. Recent efforts in countries like Australia and France aim to force Google and Facebook to pay for news content, while in the U.S., Congress has considered allowing newspapers to negotiate collectively with tech platforms. Google and Facebook have 17 with financial support. Google promised $1 billion over three years to pay publishers for selected content, and Facebook agreed to usage fees with some publishers. Yet, these payments are minimal compared to the earnings of tech giants and hardly 18 the deeper economic challenges of the newspaper industry. The real issue isn’t tech giants exploiting newspapers but newspapers losing control of content distribution. Unlike video and music industries, newspapers have struggled to adapt. Nonetheless, some have found success through subscriptions. The NewYorkTimes, for example, now boasts over 6.5 million subscribers, showing resilience through digital 19 . The future of 20 journalism should rest on sustainable business models, not on government funding or tech donations. Newspapers must innovate to create content readers value and are willing to pay for — just as they did centuries ago. 【答案】 11．H 12．C 13．K 14．F 15．D 16．J 17．I 18．B 19．A 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了科技巨头不应拯救报业的观点。作者指出，互联网颠覆了传统报业依赖广告的商业模式，导致其收入锐减。尽管报业向政府求助，科技巨头也提供了部分资金支持，但这并未解决报业深层的经济问题。文章强调，报业的未来应依靠可持续的商业模式（如订阅制）和创新，而非政府资助或科技公司的施舍，部分报纸（如《纽约时报》）已通过数字化适应取得成功。 11．考查动词。句意：如今，类似的订阅模式正在报业重新兴起，标志着报业依赖大众市场和广告盈利的时代结束。根据句意“重新兴起”可知，此处为动词reemerge，结合“Today”可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，使用现在进行时，已有be动词is，空处需填现在分词reemerging。故选H。 12．考查动词。句意：那句老话——“如果你不付费，你就是产品”——对报纸的适用程度不亚于现代科技平台。根据句意“应用”可知，此处为动词apply，陈述过去的事实，使用一般过去时。故选C。 13．考查动词。句意：然而，互联网已彻底改变了这种商业模式。根据句意“改变”可知，此处为动词transform，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，已有助动词has，空处需填过去分词transformed。故选K。 14．考查动词。句意：数字广告未能弥补这些损失，谷歌和Facebook等巨头主导着市场。根据句意“主导”可知，此处为动词dominant，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，giants 和dominant为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词dominating。故选F。 15．考查动词。句意：例如，在英国，谷歌控制着90%以上的搜索广告收入，而Facebook声称占据一半的展示广告收入。根据句意“声称”可知，此处为动词claim，结合上文“controls”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语为“Facebook”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。 16．考查名词。句意：面对这些挑战，报业转向政府寻求帮助，认为它们的生存对民主至关重要。根据句意“生存”可知，此处为名词survival，作主语，为不可数名词。故选J。 17．考查动词。句意：谷歌和脸书已经以财政支持作为回应。根据句意“回应”可知，此处为动词respond，结合have可知，空处需填过去分词responded，构成现在完成时。故选I。 18．考查动词。句意：然而，与科技巨头的收入相比，这些支付微不足道，几乎无法解决报业更深层次的经济挑战。根据句意“解决”可知，此处为动词address，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为these payments，谓语动词用原形。故选B。 19．考查名词。句意：例如，《纽约时报》目前拥有超过650万订阅者，通过数字适应展现出了韧性。根据句意“适应”可知，此处为名词adaptation，作宾语。故选A。 20．考查名词。句意：公共利益新闻业的未来应建立在可持续的商业模式之上，而非政府资助或科技公司的捐赠。根据句意“公共利益”可知，此处为名词public-interest，作定语。故选G。 题型03 六选四 Diary writing has been part of literature all over the world since ancient times. And online diaries today are making the genre more popular than ever. The first online writing of this type is thought to be Justin Hall’s Links from the Underground. Justin wrote a detailed and honest account of his life between 1994 and 2005. At its peak, his website was receiving thousands of visitors a day. Three years after Justin’s first post, someone came up with a term for what he, and a few other people, were writing — a weblog. The word comes from the words web and log. 21 The early bloggers needed some technical computing skills to make their pages. But from 1999, websites as blogger.com, which helped anyone to publish their own blog, started to appear. 22 By 2001 there were about a million blogs on the internet — from “what I had for breakfast, lunch and dinner today” blogs, receiving few, if any, visits — to protesting anti-war blogs, read and commented on by hundreds of people every hour. 23 They can report on news events within a few minutes and can include photos and even video. Their readers can participate in the debate on the blogs and can add additional information and links. The news has never been so interactive. About 60 million people now self-publish their diaries, thoughts and observations online — although this is undoubtedly an overestimation because many of them are no longer being updated. 24 When Google bought blogger.com in 2003, it gave its users the ability to put adverts on their websites. Popular blogs are now able to earn thousands of dollars each month through this method, with advertising on blogs now a multi-million-dollar business. A．The non-stop rise of blogs is in part due to money. B．Then the phenomenon of blogging exploded. C．Now blogging is not as popular as it used to be ten years ago. D．In 1999 a fellow diarist jokingly rewrote the word as “we blog” and soon the English language had a new verb: to blog. E．Now it is accepted that blogs have redefined journalism. F．Those who used to work for newspapers and magazines started to turn to blogging. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．E 24．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了网络日记（博客）的发展历程、影响以及现状。 21．根据上文“Justin wrote a detailed and honest account of his life between 1994 and 2005. (贾斯汀详细而诚实地描述了他在1994年至2005年间的生活。)”以及“Three years after Justin’s first post...(贾斯汀发第一篇帖子三年后……)”以及下文“But from 1999...(但是从1999年开始……)”可知，作者按时间顺序介绍了博客的历史和发展演变；上文“Three years after Justin’s first post, someone came up with a term for what he, and a few other people, were writing — a weblog. The word comes from the words web and log.(贾斯汀第一篇帖子发表三年后，有人想出了一个词来形容他和其他几个人正在写的东西——博客。这个词来自web和log两个词)”说明weblog这个词的来源，D项“1999年，一位日记作者开玩笑地把这个词改写成了‘we blog’，很快英语里就有了一个新的动词：blog”解释了从“weblog”到“blog”的演变过程，并介绍了新动词“to blog”，与上下文衔接紧密。故选D。 22．上文提到“But from 1999, websites as blogger.com, which helped anyone to publish their own blog, started to appear.(但从1999年开始，像blogger.com这样的帮助任何人发布自己博客的网站开始出现)”，说明博客网站的出现，B项“然后，博客现象爆发了”承接上文，说明了博客的迅速普及；下文“By 2001 there were about a million blogs on the internet(到2001年，互联网上有大约一百万个博客)”是对博客数量增长的具体说明。故选B。 23．下文“They can report on news events within a few minutes and can include photos and even video.(他们可以在几分钟内报道新闻事件，并可以包含照片甚至视频)”说明博客在新闻报道方面的能力与优势；E项“现在人们普遍认为，博客已经重新定义了新闻业”引出下文，说明了博客对新闻业的影响，与下文内容紧密相关，下文中的“They”指代blogs。故选E。 24．上文“About 60 million people now self-publish their diaries, thoughts and observations online — although this is undoubtedly an overestimation because many of them are no longer being updated.(现在大约有6000万人在网上自我发表他们的日记、想法和观察，尽管这无疑是一个高估，因为其中许多已经不再更新)”提到很多博客不再更新，说明博客的数量和更新情况。A项“博客的持续崛起部分归因于金钱”承接上文提到博客在线发布的广泛趋势，解释了为何博客保持流行，并引出下文对博客盈利方式的介绍，与下文“When Google bought blogger.com in 2003, it gave its users the ability to put adverts on their websites.(当谷歌在2003年收购blogger.com时，它赋予了用户在其网站上投放广告的能力)”提到的“Google收购blogger.com后给用户提供了放置广告的能力”相呼应，承上启下。故选A。 题型04 概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Do you have a favorite podcast? That can be a difficult question to answer for some as there are so many options. That is because the world is full of interesting topics and thoughts about them. If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share, start a podcast. A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject. The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic. It’s believed that the best topics are ones that you know a lot about and love. Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment. While podcast equipment can be complex and expensive, it doesn’t have to be. For your first podcast, you can simply rely on your phone and computer. You can record all of your audio on your phone. Then with your computer — and the right software — you can mix the audio. This is the process of putting your audio together into one perfect-sounding file. After you have your topic and equipment, you’ll want to choose your format. Your podcast could be one person speaking, two people talking, or many people offering their opinions. Your podcast could also include more than one of these options. Once you’ve decided, you can start drafting your episodes. However, whatever format or formats you choose, maintain the same structure for each episode. The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording. When you’ve completed your recording and audio mixing, you’ll need to find a platform for your podcast. Luckily there are plenty of free and paid platform options on which to upload your podcast. Before uploading, make sure you have an interesting title and good tags for your show. Be sure to post about your show on social media. Get your podcast listed in a podcast directory, too. You want to get the word out about your podcast to grow your audience. Your podcast just might become someone’s new favorite. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s about how to start a podcast. First, find a topic you’re familiar with and fond of. Then, get appropriate equipment and a computer with a right software for processing. Third, choose a format, single, double or more people involved. Fourth, draft your document and record it. Finally, find a platform to release. (54 words) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍播客是什么，并就如何开一播客的步骤进行了简要的介绍。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share, start a podcast. ②A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject. The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic. ③Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment. ④After you have your topic and equipment, you’ll want to choose your format. Your podcast could be one person speaking, two people talking, or many people offering their opinions. ⑤Once you’ve decided, you can start drafting your episodes. ⑥The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording. ⑦When you’ve completed your recording and audio mixing, you’ll need to find a platform for your podcast. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，第2、4两个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Find a topic that you are familiar with and enjoy. Find the right equipment and a computer with the right software to do the processing. Choose a format that involves single, double or multiple participants. Draft your documents and write them down. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s about how to start a podcast. （运用一个“疑问词+不定式”结构介绍本文的主题。） [高分句型2] First, find a topic you’re familiar with and fond of.  （运用了省略关系代词的定语从句将第二段内容进行重组） $ 题材热点13 网络媒体与通讯技术 内容导航 原文欣赏 词汇积累 限时实战 热点时文阅读 情境导入 高效科普：呈现前沿科技或社会热点，进入真实情境，提取关键信息。 话题词汇速记 聚焦话题，扩充语料库：归纳本话题高频单词、短语，扩大词汇量，高效领悟同主题文章。 热点限时精练 模拟实战 巩固提升：完形填空/语法填空/词汇填空/六选四/概要，限时组合练，提升信息迁移能力。 【背景速递】 图瓦卢希望成为世界上首个数字化的国家“digital country”。图瓦卢位于夏威夷和澳大利亚之间，由多个礁岛和环礁共同组成。由于海平面上涨，许多图瓦卢居民都不得不离开自己的家园。图瓦卢政府希望通过记录和保存历史文件、地图、传统音乐和其他信息在互联网上重建这个国家。然而，将一个国家完全迁移到互联网上依然存在着许多问题。本文讨论数字化国家面临的挑战。 【原文欣赏】 The world's first digital country Tuvalu, the fourth smallest nation in the world, announced its intention to become the world’s first digital country back in 2022. But why, and how? Facing the devastating effects of rising sea levels caused by climate change, the nation, made up of three reef islands and six atolls, is rapidly becoming uninhabitable. Tuvalu sits between Hawaii and Australia and is grappling with increasingly dire conditions. In 2022, at high tide, nearly 40% of the capital became submerged, according to the news agency Reuters. A recent assessment by scientists at NASA indicated that “much of the land plus critical infrastructure will sit below the level of the current high tide by 2050”. And projections suggest the entire country could be underwater by the year 2100. Global warming has already displaced many of Tuvalu’s 11,000 inhabitants, while coral bleaching and coastal erosion continue to degrade the surrounding environment. This is why the government plans to back up the country and rebuild a virtual online replica. The announcement was first made at the UN Climate Change Conference, COP27 by Tuvalu's Minister of Justice, Simon Kofe. He said, “As our land slips below the ocean, we have no choice but to become the world’s first digital nation. Our land, our ocean, our culture are the most precious assets of our people”. The country has since been preserving Tuvalu’s cultural and historical identity by recording historical documents, maps, family photograph albums, traditional songs, and other cultural practices, all of which will be accessible online. In early 2024, Place, a global non-profit organisation, began mapping the physical features of Funafuti, Tuvalu’s capital, using drones and 360-degree cameras. Though moving a country online has legal challenges—international law requires a country to have territory and population, both of which are uncertain in Tuvalu’s future. At the same time, critics argue the plan is just for publicity, highlighting the need to reduce emissions.   Whatever happens, a digital twin of the country will help preserve its culture and heritage for generations to come. 【译文赏析】 世界上首个数字化国家 图瓦卢是全球第四小的国家，早在2022年就宣布要成为全球首个数字化国家。但为何要这么做？又该如何实现？ 面对气候变化导致的海平面上升带来的毁灭性影响，这个由三座珊瑚礁岛和六个环礁组成的国家正迅速变得不宜居住。图瓦卢位于夏威夷和澳大利亚之间，正面临日益严峻的环境危机。据路透社报道，2022年涨潮时，首都近40%的区域被海水淹没。美国宇航局科学家最新评估显示，“到2050年，大部分陆地及关键基础设施将低于当前的最高潮位”。预测表明，到2100年整个国家可能被海水淹没。全球变暖已迫使图瓦卢1.1万居民中的许多人背井离乡，珊瑚白化和海岸侵蚀持续破坏周边环境。 正因如此，政府计划备份国家数据并重建虚拟数字副本。这一声明由图瓦卢司法部长西蒙·科费在联合国气候变化大会COP27上首次宣布。他表示：“随着我们的土地逐渐沉入海底，我们别无选择，只能成为全球首个数字化国家。我们的土地、海洋和文化是我们人民最宝贵的财富”。 自那时起，图瓦卢通过系统记录历史文献、地图、家庭相册、传统民歌等文化资料，持续守护着国家的文化基因。这些珍贵遗产将全面开放线上查阅。2024年初，国际非营利组织“Place”启动首都富纳富提的数字化测绘项目，运用无人机和360度全景相机进行实地测绘。 不过将国家实体搬到线上存在法律障碍——国际法要求国家必须具备明确的领土和人口，而图瓦卢的未来仍充满变数。与此同时，批评者指出该计划实为博眼球，强调减排才是重点。 无论最终结果如何，这个国家的数字孪生体都将为子孙后代守护文化遗产。 测验与练习 1.  阅读课文并回答问题。 1. How could sea levels affect Tuvalu in 2100? 2. What is causing the degradation of the surrounding environment of Tuvalu? 3.  True or False? Simon Kofe says a digital replica is just one option of many they have for preserving the country. 4. How is Tuvalu preserving its identity? 5. True or False? International law makes it difficult for Tuvalu to become a digital country. 2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。 1. The earthquake has damaged critical _______ like power lines and hospitals. reef island        atoll             coast              infrastructure 2. Oh no! I didn’t _______ my laptop onto a hard drive and now it’s broken. degrade              grapple with         back up          preserve 3. Careful on the ice. You don’t want to _______. map                  slip               displace           highlight 4. The planet is so hot that it is said to be _______. Nothing could survive there. virtual               submerged         underwater       uninhabitable 5. At _______, the town is at risk of severe flooding. emissions            erosion            high tide          bleached 【词汇积累】 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 reef island 礁岛 atoll 环礁 uninhabitable 无法居住的 grapple with 努力应对 high tide 满潮，潮水最高的时候 submerged 没入水中的，被液体淹没的 critical infrastructure 关键的基础设施 underwater 水面下的 displace 使……离开家园，流离失所 coral bleaching 珊瑚白化 coastal erosion 海岸侵蚀 degrade 危害，使……劣化 back up 备份 virtual replica 虚拟复制品 slip below 逐渐滑入……以下 preserve 保护，保存 map 绘制（地图等） territory 领土 emission 排放   （建议用时：40分钟） 题型01 语法填空 Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Smart TV channels a sense of frustration The phenomenon of watching less or not watching TV has mirrored a plunge in traditional TV sales in recent years. “I haven’t watched TV at home for almost five years.” The same sentiment is a true portrayal of many Gen-Zers today. In the past when entertainment options 1 (limit), TV dominated. Nowadays, computers, mobile phones and tablets, all of 2 offer more content, have overtaken TV in the viewing stakes. “Watching 3 (much) or not watching TV is the inevitable result of the diversification of entertainment for young people. The programs offered by the major TV stations is increasingly unable to meet the needs of young people, and a few minutes of advertisements are added at every turn, 4 (make) it difficult to compete with mobile phones and tablets,” says Li Dadi at Haige Business Watch, a public WeChat account 5 (dedicate) to business analysis. The phenomenon mirrors a plunge in traditional TV sales in recent years. A report by All View Cloud, a data analysis company, says that domestic TV sales in 2020 were 44.5 million units, down 9.1 percent year-on-year; and sales revenue was 120.9 billion yuan ($19.1 billion), down 11.7 percent. However, not watching traditional TV does not mean 6 (not use) the actual set. The current development of smart TV is not just a tool for watching programs on the box. The three major video content providers, Tencent Video, iQiyi and Youku, have all launched TV applications. People 7 also cast the content of their mobile phones onto the TV at any time. Leaning on the sofa and watching a 55-inch big screen is still much more comfortable than lying on the bed with a 6.1-inch mobile phone. However, compared with the rapid development and profit growth of internet smart TV, complaints about a decline in service experience have come to light. A woman’s complaint over her newly bought TV set has echoed across Chinese social media recently. In her video, posted on Douyin, she says most people watching TV now are elders, and a TV cannot be turned on 8 two remote controls at least. After she finally turned it on, advertisements popped up and lasted for more than 10 seconds. The various charging apps, all required to be purchased to allow for viewing, 9 (make) the experience worse. Without a VIP membership, there came another 70-second advertisement 10 she could finally watch a proper TV series. “I miss the simple TV set of my childhood,” she said. 题型02 选词填空 Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．adaptation    B．address    C． applied    D．claims    E. compete    F. dominating G. public-interest    H. reemerging    I. responded    J. survival    K. transformed Big Tech Shouldn’t Rescue the Newspaper Industry In the early 17th century, London’s St Paul’s Cathedral was a hub for news and gossip, where entrepreneurs sold handwritten “letters of news” to wealthy subscribers. Today, a similar subscription model is 11 in the newspaper industry, marking the end of an era when newspapers relied on mass markets and advertising for profits. For decades, newspapers sold their content below production costs to attract readers for advertisers. The old saying—“If you’re not paying, you are the product”— 12 as much to newspapers as it does to modern tech platforms. However, the internet has 13 this business model. Over the past two decades, newspaper ad revenues in America have dropped by 80%, and circulation has halved. Digital advertising hasn’t made up for these losses, with giants like Google and Facebook 14 the market. In the UK, for instance, Google controls over 90% of search ad revenue, while Facebook 15 half of all display ad revenue. Faced with these challenges, newspapers are turning to governments for help, arguing that their 16 is vital for democracy. Recent efforts in countries like Australia and France aim to force Google and Facebook to pay for news content, while in the U.S., Congress has considered allowing newspapers to negotiate collectively with tech platforms. Google and Facebook have 17 with financial support. Google promised $1 billion over three years to pay publishers for selected content, and Facebook agreed to usage fees with some publishers. Yet, these payments are minimal compared to the earnings of tech giants and hardly 18 the deeper economic challenges of the newspaper industry. The real issue isn’t tech giants exploiting newspapers but newspapers losing control of content distribution. Unlike video and music industries, newspapers have struggled to adapt. Nonetheless, some have found success through subscriptions. The NewYorkTimes, for example, now boasts over 6.5 million subscribers, showing resilience through digital 19 . The future of 20 journalism should rest on sustainable business models, not on government funding or tech donations. Newspapers must innovate to create content readers value and are willing to pay for — just as they did centuries ago. 题型03 六选四 Diary writing has been part of literature all over the world since ancient times. And online diaries today are making the genre more popular than ever. The first online writing of this type is thought to be Justin Hall’s Links from the Underground. Justin wrote a detailed and honest account of his life between 1994 and 2005. At its peak, his website was receiving thousands of visitors a day. Three years after Justin’s first post, someone came up with a term for what he, and a few other people, were writing — a weblog. The word comes from the words web and log. 21 The early bloggers needed some technical computing skills to make their pages. But from 1999, websites as blogger.com, which helped anyone to publish their own blog, started to appear. 22 By 2001 there were about a million blogs on the internet — from “what I had for breakfast, lunch and dinner today” blogs, receiving few, if any, visits — to protesting anti-war blogs, read and commented on by hundreds of people every hour. 23 They can report on news events within a few minutes and can include photos and even video. Their readers can participate in the debate on the blogs and can add additional information and links. The news has never been so interactive. About 60 million people now self-publish their diaries, thoughts and observations online — although this is undoubtedly an overestimation because many of them are no longer being updated. 24 When Google bought blogger.com in 2003, it gave its users the ability to put adverts on their websites. Popular blogs are now able to earn thousands of dollars each month through this method, with advertising on blogs now a multi-million-dollar business. A．The non-stop rise of blogs is in part due to money. B．Then the phenomenon of blogging exploded. C．Now blogging is not as popular as it used to be ten years ago. D．In 1999 a fellow diarist jokingly rewrote the word as “we blog” and soon the English language had a new verb: to blog. E．Now it is accepted that blogs have redefined journalism. F．Those who used to work for newspapers and magazines started to turn to blogging. 题型04 概要写作 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Do you have a favorite podcast? That can be a difficult question to answer for some as there are so many options. That is because the world is full of interesting topics and thoughts about them. If you feel you have something engaging and valuable to share, start a podcast. A podcast is a series of audio episodes that cover a particular subject. The first step to creating a podcast is to find your topic. It’s believed that the best topics are ones that you know a lot about and love. Another important step is to make sure you have the right equipment. While podcast equipment can be complex and expensive, it doesn’t have to be. For your first podcast, you can simply rely on your phone and computer. You can record all of your audio on your phone. Then with your computer — and the right software — you can mix the audio. This is the process of putting your audio together into one perfect-sounding file. After you have your topic and equipment, you’ll want to choose your format. Your podcast could be one person speaking, two people talking, or many people offering their opinions. Your podcast could also include more than one of these options. Once you’ve decided, you can start drafting your episodes. However, whatever format or formats you choose, maintain the same structure for each episode. The next step is to find a quiet place and do your recording. When you’ve completed your recording and audio mixing, you’ll need to find a platform for your podcast. Luckily there are plenty of free and paid platform options on which to upload your podcast. Before uploading, make sure you have an interesting title and good tags for your show. Be sure to post about your show on social media. Get your podcast listed in a podcast directory, too. You want to get the word out about your podcast to grow your audience. Your podcast just might become someone’s new favorite. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ $