专题13 完形填空（句组层次题）：文意修复师，弥合逻辑断层（复习讲义）（湖南专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题13 完形填空（句组层次题） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 6 一、题型特点 6 二、选项的普遍规律 6 考点二 解题要点 8 一、根据词语复现选词 8 二、根据作者情感态度选词 10 三、根据语境暗示选词 12 04·优题精选·练能提分 14 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之完形填空 ☑选择题 □非选择题 湖南省卷：40；42；43；45 长沙卷：42；43；45 湖南省卷：45 长沙卷：37；43；45 湖南地方卷：考察比重占完形填空30% 左右 长沙卷：47、53、55 考情分析 命题特点分析 “句组层次题”是完形填空中区分学生英语综合素养的关键题型。它要求学生超越对单个句子的理解，能够整合、分析前后多个句子（通常是一个意群或一个情节段落）所构成的逻辑、情感和语义网络，从而推断出正确答案。这直接呼应了《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》所强调的语篇理解能力和逻辑思维素养，是“用英语做事情”这一核心思想的体现。 与只需分析本句的“句内层次题”不同，“句组层次题”的核心特征是解题线索不在本句，而蕴藏于上下文之中。它要求学生具备“侦探”般的眼光，在语篇中寻找、关联和推理。 一、考情分析：近三年湖南中考命题深度解读 根据对2023-2025年湖南省及各地市中考完形填空真题的系统分析，句组层次题通常占完形填空总题量的 30%左右，是决定考生能否取得高分的关键所在。其命题完全围绕语篇的连贯性与一致性展开。 命题总趋势：近年中考完形填空呈现明显的 “去语法化、强语境化” 特征。单纯考查语法形式的题目减少，而像句组层次题这样，要求在具体语境和完整情节中理解词汇、推理逻辑的题目比例和难度持续提升。命题者致力于创设真实的语言运用场景，考查学生的思维深度。 考向一：根据词语复现选词 此考向考查学生对语篇词汇衔接手段的敏感度。复现不仅是原词重复，更多是语义上的呼应。 · 命题特点：正确答案通常是上文中关键概念的同义词、近义词、上位词或解释性词汇。干扰项则往往是脱离语篇主题的无关词。 · 真题示例： 1. (2024·长沙卷)：前文描述救援队完成多次国际任务，空格处应为“救援任务”。前文已出现 “its first international rescue tasks” 和 “complete lots of rescue ___”，属于典型的原词复现，故答案为 tasks。 2. (2023·郴州卷)：全文讲述两家人的互相帮助。前文提到作者父亲“kind-hearted”且经常送食物，这是展现“善良”。空格处Mr. Lin说“我是在回报你父亲曾向我展示的___”，前后构成 “行为-品质”的语义复现，故答案为 kindness。 · 解题关键：通读时，有意识地标记并串联与核心人物、核心事件相关的关键词（名词、动词）。解题时，回溯前文，寻找“熟悉的影子”。 考向二：根据作者（或人物）情感态度选词 此考向聚焦记叙文的灵魂，要求学生与人物共情，把握情感变化的脉络。 · 命题特点：情感线索往往通过人物的言行、心理活动或环境描写来间接体现，而非直接陈述。答案必须使人物情感在特定情节下真实、合理且连贯。 · 真题示例： 1. (2025·湖南卷)：前文“我”撒谎让狗受罚，看到狗在雨中感到内疚，自问“我怎么能因为我的___而让Toby待在外面？”此处需填入一个能概括前述错误行为（撒谎）且引发内疚感的词，lie 精准对应了上文的 “told a lie”，情感逻辑严丝合缝。 2. (2023·长沙卷)：前文Andrew生活绝望，在感受到“我”父母无私的温暖后，他“break down”（情绪崩溃）。在这种强烈的情感冲击下，最合理、最真实的人物反应是 crying（哭泣），而非 fighting（打架）或 fearing（害怕）。 · 解题关键：将自己代入故事场景，追踪人物的“情感心电图”。特别注意转折词（如but, however）后的情感变化，以及描述人物神态、动作的副词和形容词。 考向三：根据语境暗示选词 这是句组层次题中最综合、最灵活的一类，涉及对情节发展、因果逻辑、对比关系的推理。 · 命题特点：空格处的答案，是推动情节发展的“下一环”，或是某个明确原因导致的“必然结果”。解题需要像拼图一样，将前后文的逻辑碎片拼接完整。 · 真题示例： 1. (2025·长沙卷)：前文说她已打破一次纪录，但 “Liivand believed she could go ___”。后文紧接着描述她凌晨4点起床刻苦训练。此处语境暗示她认为自己能“游得更远”，以实现再次破纪录的目标。farther（更远）完美衔接了“游泳”这一具体语境和“突破自我”的情节逻辑。 2. (2023·怀化卷)：前文Susan讨厌做家务，但给狗刷毛时觉得有趣，随后 “things began to ___”。后文描述她也帮忙打扫，最后看到干净的房间感到开心。整个语段展现了一个从“不喜欢”到“发现乐趣”再到“主动参与”的转变过程。因此，change（改变）是对这一情节动态最精准的概括。 · 解题关键：多问“为什么”和“然后呢”。理清事件之间的因果链（因为A，所以B）、时间顺序（先A，后B）和对比关系（虽然A，但是B）。 命题预测及备考建议 2026年考情预测 1. 考查比重稳中有升：在“强化语篇，弱化孤点”的总体改革方向下，句组层次题作为考查语篇逻辑和思维品质的核心载体，其重要性和区分度将进一步凸显。 2. 语境更趋“隐性化”与“综合化”：单纯的词语复现可能会减少，更多题目将像2025年长沙卷第17题那样，综合考查“语境逻辑+词语搭配+常识判断”。情感态度的表达也将更加含蓄，依赖对细节的整合推断。 3. 紧密贴合“三大主题语境”与核心素养：选材将更广泛地涉及“人与自我”（个人成长、情感体验）、“人与社会”（文化传承、社会关怀）、“人与自然”（生态环保）等主题。题目不仅考语言，更考思维、文化和价值观，体现文化意识与思维品质的核心素养要求。 精准备考建议 为有效应对以上趋势，备考应从“题海战术”转向“思维训练”。 1. 构建“语篇阅读”思维，践行“三遍阅读法”： 第一遍（略读）：不纠结于空，快速通读，抓住 “5W1H”（谁、何时、何地、何事、为何、如何），明确主旨与情感基线。 第二遍（精读）：逐段推进，边读边预测。遇到空格，立即暂停，向前后1-3句寻找线索。有意识地问自己：这里是在复现哪个概念？人物此刻心情如何？情节下一步该怎么发展？ 第三遍（验证）：将所有选项代入，以作者/主人公的视角通读全文。检查情节是否流畅、情感是否连贯、逻辑是否自洽。这是杜绝“看似正确，实则脱节”选项的关键一步。 2. 实施“线索追踪”专项训练： 绘制“情感/情节脉络图”：针对记叙文，练习用箭头和关键词画出人物情感变化和情节发展的路线图。这能将隐性的线索可视化。 进行“语篇修复”练习：选取优质短文，主动挖去你认为关键的10个词（侧重名词、动词、形容词），然后尝试凭记忆和逻辑补全。这个过程能极大强化你对语篇衔接手段的感知。 3. 深化词汇学习，建立“语义场”网络： 词汇记忆不要停留在英汉对照。对于重点词（如表达情感的glad, happy, joyful, delighted），要主动搜集其同义词、反义词，并体会它们在程度和语境上的细微差别。 整理“主题词块”，如“环保主题”（pollution, protect, environment, waste, sustainable）等。当这些词在语篇中复现或同现时，你能迅速反应。 4. 善用真题，深度复盘与归因： 完成练习后，对照答案，不仅要知其然，更要知其所以然。对每一道句组层次题，在原文中用不同颜色的笔圈画出解题依据（是前文的哪个词？哪个句子暗示了情感？哪处体现了因果？）。 建立个人《句组题错题档案》，按三大考向分类记录错误原因（如“忽略前文关键复现词”、“情感转折处推理偏差”、“因果关系判断错误”），定期回顾，实现针对性突破。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 句组层次题的三个考向（词语复现、情感态度、语境暗示）虽侧重不同，但共享以下核心特征，与句内层次题形成鲜明对比： 1. 考查本质：语篇的连贯性与逻辑自洽 三者均超越对单句正确性的考查，直击语篇理解的核心——连贯性。无论是词汇的复现、情感的统一，还是逻辑的衔接，其最终目的都是确保文章在意义和逻辑上成为一个流畅、合理的整体。考生需扮演“篇章工程师”或“故事导演”的角色，从宏观上把握并修补文章的脉络。 2. 思维过程：跨句关联、综合推理与验证 解题绝非“就地解决”，而是一个主动的“向外搜索”和“关联推理”的过程。考生必须跨越空格所在句的边界，主动在前后文（往往是一个意群或情节段落）中寻找线索，并对这些线索进行综合、比较、推理，最终形成一个合乎情理的判断。其思维是发散的、整合的。 3. 答案特征：上下文信息的“唯一合理产出” 正确选项不是由本句的语法或固定搭配决定的，而是由上下文信息逻辑推导的必然结果。它必须能够完美地嵌入已经建立的语境网络，与已知信息形成最佳呼应。因此，它的正确性完全依赖于特定语境，脱离该语境则失去必然性。 4. 与句内层次题的核心差异VS 句内层次题： 解题是“聚焦向内”的，线索清晰封装于本句之内，依赖语言知识（语法、搭配）和单句逻辑。句组层次题是“发散向外”的，线索散布于上下文，依赖语篇理解能力（逻辑、情感、语义关联）。前者考“语言规则应用”，后者考“信息整合推理”。 二、选项的普遍规律 无论哪个具体考向，命题者在设置干扰项时都遵循着服务于“破坏语篇连贯性”的核心逻辑。其规律从过去到现在的演变趋势如下： 维度 传统考察方式 新趋势 综合真题例证与分析 干扰项的根本逻辑 1. 制造“明显错误”：干扰项常与上下文存在显性矛盾（如情感色彩直接相反、与已知事实冲突）。 2. 脱离主题：选项本身可能是合理词汇，但与本文讨论的核心话题、主线情节完全无关。 1. 制造“局部合理”的陷阱：干扰项在空格所在单句内部看可能语法正确、甚至意思可通，或者能与上下文某个孤立细节勉强挂钩，形成干扰。 2. 破坏“深层连贯”：选项不犯明显错误，但一旦代入，会弱化逻辑衔接、模糊人物动机或使主题涣散，经不起整体语篇的检验。 以情感态度题为例： 过去：上文说“夺冠后”，干扰项可能直接设置sad（悲伤）。 现在：上文“夺冠后，他感谢了团队”。干扰项可能设为proud（骄傲的）。该词本身是积极的，单看合理，但若后文强调“他将成绩归功于他人”，则proud不如thankful（感激的）或modest（谦虚的）更能体现上下文人设与态度的深层统一。 正确答案的锚定点 答案往往与上下文中某一处明显且近距离的信息有直接对应关系。 答案往往是综合多处分散信息后推理得出的结论，或需要理解情节发展、情感演变的完整链条才能确定。它服务于语篇的“整体最优解”。 以语境暗示题为例： 过去：前句“雨很大”，后句“___，比赛取消了”。答案Therefore（因此）直接对应近距离的因果关系。 现在：前文描述“他反复练习，克服伤病”，后文“站在领奖台上”。中间空格可能考查他此刻的感悟。答案effort（努力）并非前文原词，而是对前面所有描述信息的概括性复现和逻辑归纳，干扰项luck（运气）则破坏了叙事的内在因果逻辑。 对考生能力的要求 侧重信息定位和表面匹配的能力。 侧重信息整合、逻辑推理与语境评价的高阶思维能力。要求考生不仅看到“树木”（细节），更要看清“森林”（结构）。 三个考向的共性体现： 无论是判断词语复现、情感态度还是语境暗示，考生都必须进行“语篇验证”：将选项代入后，通读前后文，检查是否在情节、逻辑、情感上实现了最流畅、最合理的衔接。这已成为解答所有句组层次题的必备最终步骤。 考点二 解题要点 一、根据词语复现选词 一、解题核心 识别语篇中为保持话题连贯而建立的词汇网络，通过寻找空格处与上下文已知关键概念的原词、同义词、近义词或上下义词的呼应关系，确定答案。核心是确保语义场的一致性与主题的延续性。 二、解题步骤 1. 定位主题，划定范围：快速判断空格所在段落或意群的核心话题是什么（如“帮助”、“坚持”、“环保”）。向前后文（尤其前文）搜索与此话题直接相关的核心名词、动词或形容词。 2. 搜索关联，确定类型：仔细寻找与空格处可能构成复现关系的词汇。判断是原词复现、同义/近义复现还是解释性复现（即用具体事例说明抽象概念，或反之）。 3. 代入验证，确保统一：将所选词语代入，通读前后句子。检查该词是否使话题衔接更紧密、语义更连贯，是否与语篇已建立的词汇场和主题完美融合。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 复现一致原则 填入的词语必须与上下文中已出现的关键概念在语义上构成直接、合理的呼应。 向前后文搜索，问自己：“空格处的意思，是不是前文某个词换了个说法？或者就是同一个主题的延续？” 无关干扰：选项是正确词汇，但完全脱离本语篇的核心话题与词汇场。 主题统一原则 正确选项应服务于语篇核心主题的推进与深化，而非孤立存在。 判断选项是否与全文或本段主旨保持一致。选择最能强化和延续主题的词语。 细节干扰：选项仅与文中某个非常次要的细节勉强相关，但偏离主旨主线。 【典例1-1】 ……… Bringing a new life into the world 7 with many responsibilities (责任) and I’d love to be a good mother. One of my duties is to educate my children. I am really 8 that my parents took me on family trips when I was young. I’ve learned that the outside world is more colorful than the little one I am living in. Of course, I want to pass these travel 9 down to my children. I 10 the memories I have during the travel with my children. I am sure they will always remember them in their lives. 7．A．comes B．agrees C．talks 8．A．crazy B．thankful C．surprised 9．A．experiments B．experiences C．activities 10．A．realize B．forget C．value 【答案】7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【解析】7．句意：把一个新的生命带到这个世界上伴随着许多责任。comes (with)伴随……而来；agrees (with)同意；talks (with)与……交谈。根据“Bringing a new life into the world...with many responsibilities”可知，为人父母“伴随”着许多责任。故选A。 8．句意：我真的很感激我的父母在我小时候带我去家庭旅行。 crazy疯狂的；thankful感激的；surprised惊讶的。根据“my parents took me on family trips when I was young”可知，作者对此心怀“感激”。故选B。 9．句意：当然，我想把这些旅行经历传递给我的孩子们。experiments实验；experiences经历；activities活动。根据“pass these travel...down to my children”和全文内容可知，作者想传递的是宝贵的旅行“经历”。故选B。 10．句意：我珍视我和孩子们在旅行中留下的记忆。realize意识到；forget忘记；value珍视。根据“I am sure they will always remember them in their lives.”可知，作者非常“珍视”这些旅行记忆。故选C。 【迁移运用1-1】 “They’ve been through a lot, and their lives have been challenging,” Dunn explains. “But when they’re fishing, all those pains 16 . On the boat, they laugh, smile, and make new friends. I knew I was onto something 17 .” Jayden, now 23, has become a fisherman and thanks Dunn for helping him grow up. He proudly mentions catching a shark with Dunn’s help, “I hope he knows that I mean it when I say 18 .” Another girl, 21-year-old Bella Smith, who is in a foster program for young adults, notes that Dunn pays special attention to self-respect and inner strength (内心的力量). “When I’m fishing, I can forget about the 19 and enjoy something fun,” says Bella Smith. “Fishing has taught me that I can have a 20 life than what I had. Whenever I feel down, I know it’s time to go fishing.” “There’s nothing like feeling the first pull on the line and seeing a kid’s face light up with a smile,” Dunn adds. “I feel lucky to witness that every weekend.” 16．A．stay B．disappear C．increase 17．A．exciting B．useful C．special 18．A．goodbye B．sorry C．thank you 19．A．troubles B．future C．regrets 20．A．better B．worse C．the same 二、根据作者情感态度选词 一、解题核心 追踪并整合分散在上下文中的情感线索（包括直接描述、言行举止、环境烘托），推断出人物在特定情节下最真实、最合理的情感状态或心理活动，确保情感发展逻辑的连贯与真实。 二、解题步骤 1. 捕捉线索，定位情感：仔细阅读空格前后1-3句话，圈出直接表达情感的形容词、副词（如 happy, sadly），以及体现情感的人物动作、语言、神态描写和环境氛围词。 2. 理清链条，推断态度：分析捕捉到的情感线索，理清情感变化的起因（何事引发）、过程和可能的结果。推断在此情此景下，人物最自然的情感或态度是什么。 3. 代入共情，验证真实：将自己代入人物角色，将所选选项表达的情感代入语境。反问：“如果我是他/她，经历了这些，我会有这样的感受吗？这能解释他/她接下来的行为吗？” 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 情感因果对应原则 人物的情感必须由上文具体事件合理引发，并能解释或导致下文的相关行为反应。 建立“事件→情感→行为”的链条。确保情感是连接已知事件与后续行为的必要且合理的桥梁。 情感无源/脱节：情感缺乏上文事件支撑，或无法解释下文的强烈行为。 情感发展合理原则 人物的情感可以变化，但转变必须有铺垫、合逻辑，且符合人物基本性格设定。 若涉及情感转折，检查是否有足够的触发事件或心理描述。确保情感变化不突兀、不矛盾。 情感跳跃：情感发生180度突变却无任何合理缘由。 人设崩塌：情感与文中塑造的人物基本形象冲突。 【典例1-1】 ……… Leo stayed for over an hour. He left not just with money for his work, but with a 24 feeling inside. The weekly job was no longer a 25 boring task. It became something Leo enjoyed. He learned that behind the quiet 26 of an old man were many wonderful stories. Mr. Jenkins also seemed happier each week. Leo’s 27 listening was a better gift than his help in the yard. One day, Mr. Jenkins said, “Thank you for your time. For an old man, we have nothing much to do every day. So time usually feels 28 for us. You help make my time not so boring.” 24．A．cold B．bad C．warm D．funny 26．A．face B．house C．life D．clothes 27．A．careful B．fast C．quiet D．short 28．A．exciting B．long C．short 【答案】24．C 26．C 27．A 28．B 【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Leo原本觉得帮邻居Mr. Jenkins割草很无聊，但在一次陪Mr. Jenkins聊天听他讲童年故事后，Leo改变了想法，明白了陪伴是最珍贵的礼物。 24．句意：他离开时，不仅带着割草的钱，而且内心有一种温暖的感觉。cold寒冷的；bad坏的；warm温暖的。根据“The weekly job was no longer a...task. It became something Leo enjoyed.”可知，Leo不再觉得割草是无聊的任务，而是享受其中，所以内心是温暖的。故选C。 26．句意：他了解到，在一个老人平静生活的背后有许多精彩的故事。face脸；house房子；life生活。根据“many wonderful stories”可知，是生活中有很多精彩的故事。故选C。 27．句意：Leo认真的倾听比他在院子里帮忙是更好的礼物。careful认真的；fast快速的；quiet安静的。根据“listening”可知，是认真倾听。故选A。 28．句意：所以时间对我们来说通常感觉很漫长。exciting令人兴奋的；long长的；short短的。根据“For an old man, we have nothing much to do every day.”可知，老人每天没什么事做，所以时间感觉很漫长。故选B。 【迁移运用2-1】 ……… In 2006, Qixi became a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). This encourages more people to 47 the traditions of this special day, like eating “qiaoguo” and hanging wish papers. Some 48 put fruits in their yards on Qixi too—though not everyone does this now, it’s still a sweet way to hope for Zhinv’s blessing. 49 popular custom is writing wishes on red paper and hanging them on fruit trees, hoping the wishes will come true. Though times have changed, the true meaning of the festival remains the same. It teaches us about true love and hope. For students, learning about such festivals helps us understand why traditional culture is so 50 . We should work together to keep these traditions alive. 47．A．take part in B．look forward to C．get ready for 48．A．hardly B．normally C．never 49．A．Other B．The other C．Another 50．A．valuable B．worthy C．useful 三、根据语境暗示选词 一、解题核心 基于对上下文逻辑关系（因果、递进、转折、举例、解释等）和情节发展方向的推理，判断空格处为完成该逻辑链条或推进情节所必需的信息，从而补全语意。 二、解题步骤 1. 分析关系，确定逻辑：重点分析空格句与前后句的语义关系。是因果、递进、转折、举例，还是时间顺序的下一步？寻找逻辑信号词（如so, because, however, for example, then）或根据叙事推进自行判断。 2. 预测内容，定向筛选：根据确定的逻辑关系，预测空格处应出现何种性质的内容（是一个结果？一个例子？一个相反情况？）。据此排除明显不符合此逻辑方向的选项。 3. 代入验证，闭合逻辑：将最终选项代入，通读相关句群。检查其是否使逻辑关系清晰、成立，是否让情节推进或说理更加顺畅完整，形成逻辑闭环。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 逻辑自洽原则 填入的词语必须确保所在句群内部逻辑严密、前后不自相矛盾，并能自然承接上下文。 将选项代入后，审视其是否使因果成立、对比鲜明、递进合理。选择使逻辑最通顺、最有力的选项。 逻辑断裂：选项使句子与上下文在逻辑上脱节或产生矛盾。 叙事推进原则 在记叙文中，正确选项往往是推动情节向下一个阶段发展的“关键动作”或“必要状态”。 思考：填入这个词后，故事是更顺理成章地向下发展了吗？它是否是当前情节下的必然一步？ 情节停滞/偏离：选项描述的内容使情节停滞不前，或转入与主线无关的旁枝末节。 【典例3-1】 Embarrassment is a way to teach us not to 74 mistakes. You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more 75 about what you are going to do. Even if you think everyone notices you with chocolate on your face, studies show that 76 people notice than you think. Sometimes embarrassing feelings can stop you from trying new things. If this happens, share your feelings with a person that you trust 77 . 74．A．choose B．avoid C．repeat 75．A．excited B．relaxed C．careful 76．A．fewer B．shorter C．more 【答案】 74．C 75．C 76．A 【解析】74．句意：尴尬是一种教会我们不要去重复犯错误的方式。 choose选择；avoid避免；repeat重复。根据下文“You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more... about what you are going to do.”可知，尴尬让我们更加谨慎，不去重复错误，故选C。 75．句意：你更有可能去担心太多关于别人对你的想法，这样你就会对你将要做的事情更加小心。 excited激动的；relaxed放松的；careful小心的。根据“You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more... about what you are going to do.”可知，你担心别人的看法，因此会更小心，故选C。 76．句意：即使你认为每个人都注意到你脸上有巧克力，研究表明有比你想象的更少的人注意到。 fewer更少的；shorter更矮的；more更多的。根据“Even if you think everyone notices you with chocolate on your face, studies show that... people notice than you think.”可知，你认为每个人都看到了，但其实没那么多人注意到，故选A。 【迁移运用3-1】 Her classmates told her that “merenda” is a special meal that is usually eaten at about four o’clock in the afternoon. Eating it is also a social activity and “merenda” is often 88 with friends or family members. This is a special and meaningful 89 . It made her realize that it is necessary to learn about the cultures of 90 countries. Also, it sparked (激发) her interest in learning about foreign cultures. She was thankful for this chance to learn more and know how colorful the world is. 88．A．shared B．mentioned C．dealt 89．A．hobby B．custom C．habit 90．A．secret B．different C．valuable Passage 1 An Australian girl came up with a smart idea to help farmers. The 14-year-old Australian girl, Isabella O’ Sullivan, 1 a smart robot called “Moisture Master” (保湿大师) to help farmers grow crops. She 2 Australia’s first “Young Business Star of the Year” prize because of her invention in 2024. The idea began with Isabella’ s deep 3 in farm science. she loves farm science and often watches how things work. She spent time watching farming practices closely and noticed two main 4 : long periods of dry weather and farmers making very little money from their animals. These problems inspired her to find a way to help. What does the Robot Do? The robot uses special devices (传感器) to 5 if the soil is dry. If the soil needs 6 , the robot starts watering automatically (自动地). This helps save water and stops crops from going 7 To improve the system, Isabella first tried different ways to position the devices in the soil until she found the most 8 ways. Then, she 9 connecting these devices to a mobile app. Now, farmers can check soil moisture levels (水分含量) 10 by simply opening the app. Isabella shares her business skills with classmates. She holds free classes and online lessons through the “Girls’ Business School”. These activities encourage girls to try business ideas. 1．A．drew B．expected C．invented 2．A．won B．bought C．lost 3．A．courage B．hate C．interest 4．A．advantages B．challenges C．differences 5．A．improve B．check C．discuss 6．A．water B．heat C．warmth 7．A．strong B．bad C．good 8．A．effective B．useless C．hopeless 9．A．depended on B．laughed at C．focused on 10．A．brightly B．easily C．hardly Passage 2 The Perpetual Calendar, known as “Wan Nian Li” in Chinese, is a 1 Chinese calendar system that has been used for thousands of years. It serves as a guide and an important 2 for farming and daily life of Chinese people. It’s said that in ancient times there was a young man named Wan Nian. He thought that there were 3 rules for the change of seasons and climate. To 4 the special rules of nature, he climbed the mountain. Later, he was inspired by the shadows (影子) of trees on the mountain, and made a sundial (日晷) that measured (测量) the shadow of the sun to fix the time. As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would 5 itself. When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty was worried because of the 6 of the time, he recommended himself to create a calendar for the country and help all the people. After the 7 study, Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called “Tai Yang Li”. When he presented it to the emperor, Wan Nian was an old man with white hair. The emperor was very moved. To 8 the achievement of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as “Wan Nian Li”. The Perpetual Calendar is not only a tool for timekeeping, but also 9 rooted in Chinese culture and philosophy (哲学). It shows the ancient Chinese belief in the 10 of yin and yang and the interconnection of all things. Even today, many people in China may check the Perpetual Calendar for important events like weddings and business openings. 1．A．new B．recent C．traditional 2．A．tool B．machine C．stage 3．A．strict B．traffic C．natural 4．A．make up B．find out C．keep off 5．A．teach B．shine C．repeat 6．A．unfairness B．uncertainty C．impossibility 7．A．low-level B．long-term C．short-term 8．A．refuse B．get C．praise 9．A．deeply B．quickly C．hardly 10．A．hope B．picture C．balance Passage 3 Long ago, a girl named Lily lived with her father and grandmother in a small house near a forest. They were very poor. One day, the prince’s messenger came and said the prince was 1 strong men for a faraway journey. Lily’s father decided to go. He told Lily that when he returned, the prince would give him a lot of 2 . Lily felt sad but kissed him goodbye. Winter came, and Lily worried about her father. Then Grandma told her about a magical 3 in the forest with an elf (精灵) living in it. The elf could see far away. The next day, Lily went to the forest and 4 the tree. It had a door. Lily knocked (敲), and an elf 5 . “Kind sir,” Lily said. “Could you tell me how my father is?” “To receive (接受), one must give,” the elf said. Lily gave him her 6 , and the elf said her father was warm. Spring came, and Lily learned from a traveler that many people had died during the journey. Lily was worried and ran to the tree. She had nothing left but her 7 . She cut off her long braid (发辫) and gave it to the elf and the elf said her father was 8 . A week later, Lily’s father 9 ! He talked about how a scarf and a long braid had saved him during his journey. Lily realized these were just what she had given to the elf! They 10 went to thank the elf, but he was gone. “Maybe the elf shows himself only to those in need,” Grandmother said. Lily never saw the elf again, but she always remembered his words: “To receive, one must give.” 1．A．hearing from B．looking for C．taking after 2．A．water B．money C．advice 3．A．tree B．hill C．river 4．A．held B．accepted C．found 5．A．smiled B．appeared C．improved 6．A．shoes B．hat C．scarf 7．A．hair B．nose C．ears 8．A．popular B．creative C．safe 9．A．started B．returned C．won 10．A．quickly B．simply C．suddenly Passage 4 Each year on the third Monday of January, people in the US 1 the Martin Luther King Jr. Day. People thank him for the work that he has done for racial equality (种族平等). King, an African-American, was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929. In that part of the country at that time, the mixing of races in places like schools, buses and restaurants was against the law. He 2 racial prejudice (偏见) from the time he was very young. He was told that he could not play with his friends 3 they were white and he was black. He thought it was pretty 4 and that’s why he was determined (下定决心的) to try his best to fight 5 the equality of all. King believed that the best way to bring about changes was to peacefully say ‘No’ to unfair laws. He 6 people to march (示威游行) on the streets. He joined black people’s sit-ins. He also encouraged a large number of people with his speeches (演讲). One of 7 best known speeches is “I Have a Dream”. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. On April 4, 1968, King was killed. In 1986, Martin Luther King Jr. Day became a 8 holiday in the US. People celebrate it with peaceful marches, community (社区) service and other 9 . For example, students can go to libraries to read books about the civil rights movement, or visit a 10 about African American history. 1．A．achieve B．celebrate C．bring 2．A．controlled B．experienced C．protected 3．A．because B．though C．so 4．A．exciting B．easy C．unfair 5．A．from B．against C．for 6．A．found B．led C．fell 7．A．her B．our C．his 8．A．national B．wise C．crazy 9．A．activities B．success C．opinions 10．A．theater B．village C．museum Passage 5 Do you know project-based learning? It’s learning while doing. It helps learners to get a (n) 1 understanding of a topic. During the learning, learners use real examples and challenges to solve problems. In the end they show their knowledge and skills 2 creating a product for people. Sandra is an eleven-year-old student. She wanted to know more about Greek mythology (神话). Well, how did she make it? She chose Greek mythological characters as the topic 1 she was interested in the characters and their stories. To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology. She watched videos and played games all 2 with it. When she collected the information, she was ready to create a project. She believed she had the 3 to create a good project. She loved to build Legos, so she decided to build lego creations based on (基于) the 4 of Greek mythological characters. She was also good at art, so she 5 a book about her favorite characters. In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words. After that, she 6 her parents two products she created. Then she shared her project online with friends, and later even on social media. From the example, we can see project-based learning 7 a student to learn about a topic and then create a project based on his or her talents and skills. Through project work, students can 8 a topic deeply and have fun learning. So if you’re interested in something, why not start with project-based learning? 1．A．easier B．quicker C．deeper 2．A．by B．in C．on 3．A．though B．while C．because 4．A．born B．connected C．covered 5．A．dream B．ability C．brain 6．A．examples B．sentences C．stories 7．A．repeated B．memorized C．created 8．A．offered B．showed C．bought 9．A．allows B．discovers C．forces 10．A．pay attention to B．look up C．learn about Passage 6 Swimming lessons make up some of my earliest memories. As an 8-year-old kid, I could stay on the water but 1 to put my head underwater. My mum tried to give me ice blocks and Barbie dolls as prizes, hoping that I could overcome 2 . One of my swimming teachers even put coins on the bottom of the pool. But instead of diving (潜水) underwater, I used my toes (脚趾) to 3 the coins like a monkey. Finally, I went to another swimming teacher. She didn’t encourage me but shouted at me, “Get your head in the water... NOW!” I was so 4 that I disappeared under the surface straight away. As I came up for 5 , a little voice inside my head said, “You did it. YOU DID IT!” 20 years later, I revisited that tough (严厉的) order when I was about to go diving with sharks. Breathing 6 , I told the dive master, “I can’t do this.” She tried to comfort me, saying it wasn’t for everyone and that there was no shame if I changed my 7 . However, I needed to write a travel story after this experience. Returning to the boss 8 scared me more. My swimming teacher’s voice echoed (回响) in my ears. And with that, the dive became exciting. The order similar to Nike’s “Just Do It” is a kind of tough love that 9 you to get over yourself. Perhaps, when hearing “Get your head in the water…NOW!” some kids may be 10 rather than encouraged. However, all I know is that sometimes tough love is exactly what you need. 1．A．planned B．refused C．liked 2．A．fear B．anger C．happiness 3．A．give away B．look after C．pick up 4．A．interested B．excited C．shocked 5．A．air B．money C．ice 6．A．softly B．heavily C．happily 7．A．mouth B．body C．mind 8．A．open-minded B．empty-handed C．warm-hearted 9．A．puts B．drives C．invites 10．A．hurt B．moved C．warmed Passage 7 Walter Bergen was heartbroken after his wife’s death. He felt 1 and stopped taking care of himself. He only ate for dinners and toasts in his messy house. His clothes were often 2 and his appearance was disheveled (蓬头垢面的). His daughter Melanie was deeply 3 . She drove to his house and said, “Dad, you can’t stay here by yourself. Come and live with us.” Walter got angry and 4 , “I’m fine! Leave me alone!” Melanie felt sad and left. A few weeks later, Walter was 5 by a car while crossing the road. In the hospital, Melanie insisted, “Dad, you’re coming to live with us now!” Feeling weak and defeated, Walter finally agreed. Melanie’s husband wasn’t pleased with this. “Your father is dirty and always sad. Why is he living with us?” he 6 . Melanie firmly replied, “He’s my father. He’s old and heartbroken. He needs us.” One evening, Melanie told everyone, “Tomorrow is Grandparents’ Day at Rosa’s school.” Walter asked, “What is Grandparents’ Day?” Melanie explained,” Grandparents come to school to watch activities and play games.” Walter said, “I will go!” But when Rosa, the granddaughter, heard this, she 7 herself in her room and cried loudly, “Grandpa is dirty and he smells bad.” Walter heard this. He felt so hurt and left sadly. The next morning, however, Walter surprised everyone. He appeared in a clean blue suit. What’s more, his hair was tidy, and he smelt fresh. Rosa’s eyes widened in disbelief. Walter said 8 , “You’re right, dear. You deserve a grandpa who tries harder. You are my 9 to be better.” Rosa’s face lit up, and she hugged her grandpa tightly. At that moment, they realized that family is not just about blood, but about love and support for each other when they are in 10 . 1．A．lively B．lonely C．hopeful 2．A．unwashed B．unfashionable C．unusual 3．A．confused B．surprised C．worried 4．A．announced B．mentioned C．shouted 5．A．hit B．beaten C．caught 6．A．admitted B．complained C．advised 7．A．locked B．enjoyed C．dressed 8．A．nervously B．gently C．sadly 9．A．example B．model C．reason 10．A．love B．trouble C．silence Passage 8 Ever since I was a little girl, I’ve loved music. While most kids played outside in the sun, I felt happy inside my house and 1 my guzheng for hours. Playing the guzheng took me to a 2 world where I could feel free from worries. After years of practice, the big day arrived—the City Music Festival. I sat beside my mother and felt 3 . When my name was finally called, I took a deep breath and walked on stage. I 4 put my guzheng in place and began to play. The deep, rich sound filled the room. 5 , my finger slipped (滑) and hit the wrong note. I continued playing as if nothing had happened, but inside, I thought to myself, “I’ve just messed up (搞砸) everything.” As soon as I finished, people cheered loudly. My mother praised me, but I felt disappointed about my 6 . As the last performer finished, the judges began to call out the 7 . I lost hope, believing my mistake would make me fail. To my surprise, the judge called my name and said, “You may now come to the stage and 8 your prize.” I couldn’t believe it! My hard work finally 9 . When I received my prize, one of the judges told me, “Don’t be so 10 on yourself. We all make mistakes.” 1．A．made B．kept C．practiced 2．A．different B．normal C．boring 3．A．nervous B．relaxed C．proud 4．A．badly B．hardly C．carefully 5．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Instead 6．A．plan B．prize C．mistake 7．A．parents B．listeners C．winners 8．A．accept B．share C．offer 9．A．went on B．paid off C．fell behind 10．A．focused B．stupid C．hard Passage 9 Nowadays, domestic products (国货) are getting more and more popular among Chinese young people. This is because they are of high quality (质量)and 1 what customers want. It is reported that Chinese people’s interest in domestic products has 2 by 528% today compared to 10 years ago. Wang Xinyi is a college student from Chongqing. His shopping cart (购物车) is 3 domestic products. He said, “I choose domestic products because they are not expensive and the quality is 4 .” Mumu, a student from Beijing Foreign Studies University, likes a local 5 brand (品牌) because of its quality and care for the environment. She said, “If you 6 a certain number of coffee boxes, you can exchange (兑换) them for other products in the coffee shop. It’s great for people who care about the environment.” The rise of domestic brands shows that Chinese people have a strong sense of 7 . Let’s hope that domestic brands can continue to perfect the quality of their products and keep creating to satisfy 8 needs. Besides, domestic brands are becoming 9 creative. They are creating products that look cool and are fun to use. This helps 10 more young people. As these brands grow, they will continue to surprise us with new ideas and exciting products. 1．A．meet B．influence C．discover 2．A．watched B．grown C．shortened 3．A．similar to B．rich in C．full of 4．A．high B．poor C．low 5．A．hotel B．restaurant C．coffee 6．A．save B．paint C．work 7．A．freedom B．humour C．pride 8．A．shopkeepers’ B．customers’ C．producers’ 9．A．slowly B．increasingly C．helpfully 10．A．draw B．care C．treat Passage 10 Ring! Ring! Ring! The alarm woke me up early. I was in a hurry to get dressed, as I was set to start reading my first English novel. But then, 1 filled my mind. “Why do I have to read English? It’s not fair!” I thought, getting more and more nervous and 2 . Just then, Mom came in. She asked if I was okay, but I shouted at her, “NO! I 3 wanted to learn English!” Seeing her surprised and sad face, I felt 4 and locked myself in my room. Later, when I 5 the door, Mom was there. She said she was sorry for pushing me too hard. This was the first time she’d ever said sorry to me. I realized how much she loved me and wanted me to do well. So, I decided to give the 6 , Charlotte’s Web, a try. Published in 1952, Charlotte’s Web is a famous children’s book by E. B．White. It tells a touching story about a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a spider named Charlotte. Reading it in English was 7 , but I loved it. The friendship between Wilbur and Charlotte made me 8 how Mom had always helped me. The book also taught me about life and finding self-worth. This book has been made into movies and plays. After reading it, I felt more confident. I thought about how Mom had helped me at the start. Even though she can be strict, I know she loves me. This reading experience 9 my relationship with Mom. She supported me, and now I believe in myself more and am ready to take on new 10 . 1．A．doubts B．surveys C．facts 2．A．curious B．angry C．happy 3．A．never B．ever C．still 4．A．comfortable B．interested C．terrible 5．A．closed B．cleaned C．opened 6．A．picture B．novel C．poem 7．A．boring B．difficult C．funny 8．A．think of B．dream of C．hear of 9．A．ended B．changed C．exchanged 10．A．colleges B．lessons C．challenges Passage 11 Last summer, I got a new job. When I was happily waiting for the bus, I found a 1 umbrella in the corner of the bus stop. I had never seen such a special 2 . Its ribs (伞骨) were made of bamboo, which is cool to touch. The umbrella was made of beautiful paper 3 wonderful pictures on it. It must be of great importance to someone. I 4 to wait for the owner. About thirty minutes later, a lady came in a hurry and looked for 5 . “Are you looking for the umbrella?” I asked. “Yes!” she said excitedly and 6 . She wore a smile and took the umbrella. As we talked, she told me the umbrella was a gift from her grandmother, who had passed away. It meant a lot to 7 . We talked for a while, and she asked for my address (地址) and contact (联系) information. That day, we had a really good 8 . Over the next several months, we kept in touch. She sent me pictures of her with the umbrella, reminding her of her grandma. Once, she 9 me to her home. She told me more about her grandmother’s life, and I felt like I was getting to know a kind and wise woman through her stories. The umbrella, a lost thing at first, became a sign of our friendship. It showed 10 being kind can bring good connections. 1．A．beautiful B．comfortable C．famous 2．A．computer B．notebook C．umbrella 3．A．with B．by C．from 4．A．invented B．decided C．marked 5．A．something B．anything C．nothing 6．A．wisely B．thankfully C．seriously 7．A．them B．me C．her 8．A．conversation B．creation C．expression 9．A．protected B．invited C．celebrated 10．A．that B．if C．what 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题13 完形填空（句组层次题） 目录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 4 03·题型通关·靶向突破 4 考点一 题型破解 6 一、题型特点 6 二、选项的普遍规律 6 考点二 解题要点 8 一、根据词语复现选词 8 二、根据作者情感态度选词 11 三、根据语境暗示选词 13 04·优题精选·练能提分 16 题型 考查形式 2025年 2024年 2023年 知识运用之完形填空 ☑选择题 □非选择题 湖南省卷：40；42；43；45 长沙卷：42；43；45 湖南省卷：45 长沙卷：37；43；45 湖南地方卷：考察比重占完形填空30% 左右 长沙卷：47、53、55 考情分析 命题特点分析 “句组层次题”是完形填空中区分学生英语综合素养的关键题型。它要求学生超越对单个句子的理解，能够整合、分析前后多个句子（通常是一个意群或一个情节段落）所构成的逻辑、情感和语义网络，从而推断出正确答案。这直接呼应了《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》所强调的语篇理解能力和逻辑思维素养，是“用英语做事情”这一核心思想的体现。 与只需分析本句的“句内层次题”不同，“句组层次题”的核心特征是解题线索不在本句，而蕴藏于上下文之中。它要求学生具备“侦探”般的眼光，在语篇中寻找、关联和推理。 一、考情分析：近三年湖南中考命题深度解读 根据对2023-2025年湖南省及各地市中考完形填空真题的系统分析，句组层次题通常占完形填空总题量的 30%左右，是决定考生能否取得高分的关键所在。其命题完全围绕语篇的连贯性与一致性展开。 命题总趋势：近年中考完形填空呈现明显的 “去语法化、强语境化” 特征。单纯考查语法形式的题目减少，而像句组层次题这样，要求在具体语境和完整情节中理解词汇、推理逻辑的题目比例和难度持续提升。命题者致力于创设真实的语言运用场景，考查学生的思维深度。 考向一：根据词语复现选词 此考向考查学生对语篇词汇衔接手段的敏感度。复现不仅是原词重复，更多是语义上的呼应。 · 命题特点：正确答案通常是上文中关键概念的同义词、近义词、上位词或解释性词汇。干扰项则往往是脱离语篇主题的无关词。 · 真题示例： 1. (2024·长沙卷)：前文描述救援队完成多次国际任务，空格处应为“救援任务”。前文已出现 “its first international rescue tasks” 和 “complete lots of rescue ___”，属于典型的原词复现，故答案为 tasks。 2. (2023·郴州卷)：全文讲述两家人的互相帮助。前文提到作者父亲“kind-hearted”且经常送食物，这是展现“善良”。空格处Mr. Lin说“我是在回报你父亲曾向我展示的___”，前后构成 “行为-品质”的语义复现，故答案为 kindness。 · 解题关键：通读时，有意识地标记并串联与核心人物、核心事件相关的关键词（名词、动词）。解题时，回溯前文，寻找“熟悉的影子”。 考向二：根据作者（或人物）情感态度选词 此考向聚焦记叙文的灵魂，要求学生与人物共情，把握情感变化的脉络。 · 命题特点：情感线索往往通过人物的言行、心理活动或环境描写来间接体现，而非直接陈述。答案必须使人物情感在特定情节下真实、合理且连贯。 · 真题示例： 1. (2025·湖南卷)：前文“我”撒谎让狗受罚，看到狗在雨中感到内疚，自问“我怎么能因为我的___而让Toby待在外面？”此处需填入一个能概括前述错误行为（撒谎）且引发内疚感的词，lie 精准对应了上文的 “told a lie”，情感逻辑严丝合缝。 2. (2023·长沙卷)：前文Andrew生活绝望，在感受到“我”父母无私的温暖后，他“break down”（情绪崩溃）。在这种强烈的情感冲击下，最合理、最真实的人物反应是 crying（哭泣），而非 fighting（打架）或 fearing（害怕）。 · 解题关键：将自己代入故事场景，追踪人物的“情感心电图”。特别注意转折词（如but, however）后的情感变化，以及描述人物神态、动作的副词和形容词。 考向三：根据语境暗示选词 这是句组层次题中最综合、最灵活的一类，涉及对情节发展、因果逻辑、对比关系的推理。 · 命题特点：空格处的答案，是推动情节发展的“下一环”，或是某个明确原因导致的“必然结果”。解题需要像拼图一样，将前后文的逻辑碎片拼接完整。 · 真题示例： 1. (2025·长沙卷)：前文说她已打破一次纪录，但 “Liivand believed she could go ___”。后文紧接着描述她凌晨4点起床刻苦训练。此处语境暗示她认为自己能“游得更远”，以实现再次破纪录的目标。farther（更远）完美衔接了“游泳”这一具体语境和“突破自我”的情节逻辑。 2. (2023·怀化卷)：前文Susan讨厌做家务，但给狗刷毛时觉得有趣，随后 “things began to ___”。后文描述她也帮忙打扫，最后看到干净的房间感到开心。整个语段展现了一个从“不喜欢”到“发现乐趣”再到“主动参与”的转变过程。因此，change（改变）是对这一情节动态最精准的概括。 · 解题关键：多问“为什么”和“然后呢”。理清事件之间的因果链（因为A，所以B）、时间顺序（先A，后B）和对比关系（虽然A，但是B）。 命题预测及备考建议 2026年考情预测 1. 考查比重稳中有升：在“强化语篇，弱化孤点”的总体改革方向下，句组层次题作为考查语篇逻辑和思维品质的核心载体，其重要性和区分度将进一步凸显。 2. 语境更趋“隐性化”与“综合化”：单纯的词语复现可能会减少，更多题目将像2025年长沙卷第17题那样，综合考查“语境逻辑+词语搭配+常识判断”。情感态度的表达也将更加含蓄，依赖对细节的整合推断。 3. 紧密贴合“三大主题语境”与核心素养：选材将更广泛地涉及“人与自我”（个人成长、情感体验）、“人与社会”（文化传承、社会关怀）、“人与自然”（生态环保）等主题。题目不仅考语言，更考思维、文化和价值观，体现文化意识与思维品质的核心素养要求。 精准备考建议 为有效应对以上趋势，备考应从“题海战术”转向“思维训练”。 1. 构建“语篇阅读”思维，践行“三遍阅读法”： 第一遍（略读）：不纠结于空，快速通读，抓住 “5W1H”（谁、何时、何地、何事、为何、如何），明确主旨与情感基线。 第二遍（精读）：逐段推进，边读边预测。遇到空格，立即暂停，向前后1-3句寻找线索。有意识地问自己：这里是在复现哪个概念？人物此刻心情如何？情节下一步该怎么发展？ 第三遍（验证）：将所有选项代入，以作者/主人公的视角通读全文。检查情节是否流畅、情感是否连贯、逻辑是否自洽。这是杜绝“看似正确，实则脱节”选项的关键一步。 2. 实施“线索追踪”专项训练： 绘制“情感/情节脉络图”：针对记叙文，练习用箭头和关键词画出人物情感变化和情节发展的路线图。这能将隐性的线索可视化。 进行“语篇修复”练习：选取优质短文，主动挖去你认为关键的10个词（侧重名词、动词、形容词），然后尝试凭记忆和逻辑补全。这个过程能极大强化你对语篇衔接手段的感知。 3. 深化词汇学习，建立“语义场”网络： 词汇记忆不要停留在英汉对照。对于重点词（如表达情感的glad, happy, joyful, delighted），要主动搜集其同义词、反义词，并体会它们在程度和语境上的细微差别。 整理“主题词块”，如“环保主题”（pollution, protect, environment, waste, sustainable）等。当这些词在语篇中复现或同现时，你能迅速反应。 4. 善用真题，深度复盘与归因： 完成练习后，对照答案，不仅要知其然，更要知其所以然。对每一道句组层次题，在原文中用不同颜色的笔圈画出解题依据（是前文的哪个词？哪个句子暗示了情感？哪处体现了因果？）。 建立个人《句组题错题档案》，按三大考向分类记录错误原因（如“忽略前文关键复现词”、“情感转折处推理偏差”、“因果关系判断错误”），定期回顾，实现针对性突破。 考点一 题型破解 一、题型特点 句组层次题的三个考向（词语复现、情感态度、语境暗示）虽侧重不同，但共享以下核心特征，与句内层次题形成鲜明对比： 1. 考查本质：语篇的连贯性与逻辑自洽 三者均超越对单句正确性的考查，直击语篇理解的核心——连贯性。无论是词汇的复现、情感的统一，还是逻辑的衔接，其最终目的都是确保文章在意义和逻辑上成为一个流畅、合理的整体。考生需扮演“篇章工程师”或“故事导演”的角色，从宏观上把握并修补文章的脉络。 2. 思维过程：跨句关联、综合推理与验证 解题绝非“就地解决”，而是一个主动的“向外搜索”和“关联推理”的过程。考生必须跨越空格所在句的边界，主动在前后文（往往是一个意群或情节段落）中寻找线索，并对这些线索进行综合、比较、推理，最终形成一个合乎情理的判断。其思维是发散的、整合的。 3. 答案特征：上下文信息的“唯一合理产出” 正确选项不是由本句的语法或固定搭配决定的，而是由上下文信息逻辑推导的必然结果。它必须能够完美地嵌入已经建立的语境网络，与已知信息形成最佳呼应。因此，它的正确性完全依赖于特定语境，脱离该语境则失去必然性。 4. 与句内层次题的核心差异VS 句内层次题： 解题是“聚焦向内”的，线索清晰封装于本句之内，依赖语言知识（语法、搭配）和单句逻辑。句组层次题是“发散向外”的，线索散布于上下文，依赖语篇理解能力（逻辑、情感、语义关联）。前者考“语言规则应用”，后者考“信息整合推理”。 二、选项的普遍规律 无论哪个具体考向，命题者在设置干扰项时都遵循着服务于“破坏语篇连贯性”的核心逻辑。其规律从过去到现在的演变趋势如下： 维度 传统考察方式 新趋势 综合真题例证与分析 干扰项的根本逻辑 1. 制造“明显错误”：干扰项常与上下文存在显性矛盾（如情感色彩直接相反、与已知事实冲突）。 2. 脱离主题：选项本身可能是合理词汇，但与本文讨论的核心话题、主线情节完全无关。 1. 制造“局部合理”的陷阱：干扰项在空格所在单句内部看可能语法正确、甚至意思可通，或者能与上下文某个孤立细节勉强挂钩，形成干扰。 2. 破坏“深层连贯”：选项不犯明显错误，但一旦代入，会弱化逻辑衔接、模糊人物动机或使主题涣散，经不起整体语篇的检验。 以情感态度题为例： 过去：上文说“夺冠后”，干扰项可能直接设置sad（悲伤）。 现在：上文“夺冠后，他感谢了团队”。干扰项可能设为proud（骄傲的）。该词本身是积极的，单看合理，但若后文强调“他将成绩归功于他人”，则proud不如thankful（感激的）或modest（谦虚的）更能体现上下文人设与态度的深层统一。 正确答案的锚定点 答案往往与上下文中某一处明显且近距离的信息有直接对应关系。 答案往往是综合多处分散信息后推理得出的结论，或需要理解情节发展、情感演变的完整链条才能确定。它服务于语篇的“整体最优解”。 以语境暗示题为例： 过去：前句“雨很大”，后句“___，比赛取消了”。答案Therefore（因此）直接对应近距离的因果关系。 现在：前文描述“他反复练习，克服伤病”，后文“站在领奖台上”。中间空格可能考查他此刻的感悟。答案effort（努力）并非前文原词，而是对前面所有描述信息的概括性复现和逻辑归纳，干扰项luck（运气）则破坏了叙事的内在因果逻辑。 对考生能力的要求 侧重信息定位和表面匹配的能力。 侧重信息整合、逻辑推理与语境评价的高阶思维能力。要求考生不仅看到“树木”（细节），更要看清“森林”（结构）。 三个考向的共性体现： 无论是判断词语复现、情感态度还是语境暗示，考生都必须进行“语篇验证”：将选项代入后，通读前后文，检查是否在情节、逻辑、情感上实现了最流畅、最合理的衔接。这已成为解答所有句组层次题的必备最终步骤。 考点二 解题要点 一、根据词语复现选词 一、解题核心 识别语篇中为保持话题连贯而建立的词汇网络，通过寻找空格处与上下文已知关键概念的原词、同义词、近义词或上下义词的呼应关系，确定答案。核心是确保语义场的一致性与主题的延续性。 二、解题步骤 1. 定位主题，划定范围：快速判断空格所在段落或意群的核心话题是什么（如“帮助”、“坚持”、“环保”）。向前后文（尤其前文）搜索与此话题直接相关的核心名词、动词或形容词。 2. 搜索关联，确定类型：仔细寻找与空格处可能构成复现关系的词汇。判断是原词复现、同义/近义复现还是解释性复现（即用具体事例说明抽象概念，或反之）。 3. 代入验证，确保统一：将所选词语代入，通读前后句子。检查该词是否使话题衔接更紧密、语义更连贯，是否与语篇已建立的词汇场和主题完美融合。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 复现一致原则 填入的词语必须与上下文中已出现的关键概念在语义上构成直接、合理的呼应。 向前后文搜索，问自己：“空格处的意思，是不是前文某个词换了个说法？或者就是同一个主题的延续？” 无关干扰：选项是正确词汇，但完全脱离本语篇的核心话题与词汇场。 主题统一原则 正确选项应服务于语篇核心主题的推进与深化，而非孤立存在。 判断选项是否与全文或本段主旨保持一致。选择最能强化和延续主题的词语。 细节干扰：选项仅与文中某个非常次要的细节勉强相关，但偏离主旨主线。 【典例1-1】 ……… Bringing a new life into the world 7 with many responsibilities (责任) and I’d love to be a good mother. One of my duties is to educate my children. I am really 8 that my parents took me on family trips when I was young. I’ve learned that the outside world is more colorful than the little one I am living in. Of course, I want to pass these travel 9 down to my children. I 10 the memories I have during the travel with my children. I am sure they will always remember them in their lives. 7．A．comes B．agrees C．talks 8．A．crazy B．thankful C．surprised 9．A．experiments B．experiences C．activities 10．A．realize B．forget C．value 【答案】7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【解析】7．句意：把一个新的生命带到这个世界上伴随着许多责任。comes (with)伴随……而来；agrees (with)同意；talks (with)与……交谈。根据“Bringing a new life into the world...with many responsibilities”可知，为人父母“伴随”着许多责任。故选A。 8．句意：我真的很感激我的父母在我小时候带我去家庭旅行。 crazy疯狂的；thankful感激的；surprised惊讶的。根据“my parents took me on family trips when I was young”可知，作者对此心怀“感激”。故选B。 9．句意：当然，我想把这些旅行经历传递给我的孩子们。experiments实验；experiences经历；activities活动。根据“pass these travel...down to my children”和全文内容可知，作者想传递的是宝贵的旅行“经历”。故选B。 10．句意：我珍视我和孩子们在旅行中留下的记忆。realize意识到；forget忘记；value珍视。根据“I am sure they will always remember them in their lives.”可知，作者非常“珍视”这些旅行记忆。故选C。 【迁移运用1-1】 “They’ve been through a lot, and their lives have been challenging,” Dunn explains. “But when they’re fishing, all those pains 16 . On the boat, they laugh, smile, and make new friends. I knew I was onto something 17 .” Jayden, now 23, has become a fisherman and thanks Dunn for helping him grow up. He proudly mentions catching a shark with Dunn’s help, “I hope he knows that I mean it when I say 18 .” Another girl, 21-year-old Bella Smith, who is in a foster program for young adults, notes that Dunn pays special attention to self-respect and inner strength (内心的力量). “When I’m fishing, I can forget about the 19 and enjoy something fun,” says Bella Smith. “Fishing has taught me that I can have a 20 life than what I had. Whenever I feel down, I know it’s time to go fishing.” “There’s nothing like feeling the first pull on the line and seeing a kid’s face light up with a smile,” Dunn adds. “I feel lucky to witness that every weekend.” 16．A．stay B．disappear C．increase 17．A．exciting B．useful C．special 18．A．goodbye B．sorry C．thank you 19．A．troubles B．future C．regrets 20．A．better B．worse C．the same 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了58岁的威廉・邓恩偶然发现一个没有父亲的8岁男孩行为反常，便用父亲教给自己的钓鱼爱好帮助这个男孩，男孩的态度也因此发生了积极转变。此后的16年里，邓恩几乎每个周末都会带着失去父亲的孩子去钓鱼，教他们钓鱼的技巧；钓鱼让这些经历了生活挑战、内心充满痛苦的孩子忘记烦恼，收获快乐和友谊，还让他们建立了自尊和内心的力量。很多孩子因邓恩的帮助获得了成长，而邓恩也因能见证孩子们的笑容和改变，感到无比幸运。 16．句意：但当他们钓鱼时，所有的痛苦都消失了。 stay停留；disappear消失；increase增长。根据“‘They’ve been through a lot, and their lives have been challenging,’ ...‘But when they’re fishing, all those pains...’”可知，前文说孩子们“经历了很多，生活充满挑战”，后一句说“在船上，他们大笑、微笑，交新朋友”，形成转折，说明钓鱼时那些痛苦都“消失了”。故选B。 17．句意：我知道自己做的这件事很特殊。 exciting兴奋的；useful有用的；special特别的。根据“I knew I was onto something...”可知，邓恩看到钓鱼能让孩子们忘记痛苦、变得快乐，说明他发现自己做的这件事是特别的。故选C。 18．句意：他骄傲地说起在邓恩的帮助下钓上了一条鲨鱼，还说：“我希望他知道，我说谢谢时是真心的。”goodbye再见；sorry抱歉；thank you谢谢你。根据“I hope he knows that I mean it when I say...”可知，前文说Jayden感谢邓恩帮助自己成长，还提到和邓恩一起钓上鲨鱼的经历，说明他想对邓恩说“谢谢”。故选C。 19．句意：贝拉・史密斯说：“钓鱼的时候，我可以忘记所有烦恼，享受一件有趣的事。” troubles麻烦；future未来；regrets后悔。根据“I can forget about the...and enjoy something fun”可知，前文Bella提到邓恩教会她自尊和内心的力量，且钓鱼的核心作用是让孩子们忘记生活的“烦恼、困境”。故选A。 20．句意：钓鱼让我明白，我可以拥有比过去更好的生活。 better更好的；worse更糟糕的；the same同样的。根据“Fishing has taught me that I can have a...life than what I had.”可知，钓鱼给Bella带来的积极改变，可知她学会了相信自己能拥有“比过去更好的” 生活。故选A。 二、根据作者情感态度选词 一、解题核心 追踪并整合分散在上下文中的情感线索（包括直接描述、言行举止、环境烘托），推断出人物在特定情节下最真实、最合理的情感状态或心理活动，确保情感发展逻辑的连贯与真实。 二、解题步骤 1. 捕捉线索，定位情感：仔细阅读空格前后1-3句话，圈出直接表达情感的形容词、副词（如 happy, sadly），以及体现情感的人物动作、语言、神态描写和环境氛围词。 2. 理清链条，推断态度：分析捕捉到的情感线索，理清情感变化的起因（何事引发）、过程和可能的结果。推断在此情此景下，人物最自然的情感或态度是什么。 3. 代入共情，验证真实：将自己代入人物角色，将所选选项表达的情感代入语境。反问：“如果我是他/她，经历了这些，我会有这样的感受吗？这能解释他/她接下来的行为吗？” 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 情感因果对应原则 人物的情感必须由上文具体事件合理引发，并能解释或导致下文的相关行为反应。 建立“事件→情感→行为”的链条。确保情感是连接已知事件与后续行为的必要且合理的桥梁。 情感无源/脱节：情感缺乏上文事件支撑，或无法解释下文的强烈行为。 情感发展合理原则 人物的情感可以变化，但转变必须有铺垫、合逻辑，且符合人物基本性格设定。 若涉及情感转折，检查是否有足够的触发事件或心理描述。确保情感变化不突兀、不矛盾。 情感跳跃：情感发生180度突变却无任何合理缘由。 人设崩塌：情感与文中塑造的人物基本形象冲突。 【典例1-1】 ……… Leo stayed for over an hour. He left not just with money for his work, but with a 24 feeling inside. The weekly job was no longer a 25 boring task. It became something Leo enjoyed. He learned that behind the quiet 26 of an old man were many wonderful stories. Mr. Jenkins also seemed happier each week. Leo’s 27 listening was a better gift than his help in the yard. One day, Mr. Jenkins said, “Thank you for your time. For an old man, we have nothing much to do every day. So time usually feels 28 for us. You help make my time not so boring.” 24．A．cold B．bad C．warm D．funny 26．A．face B．house C．life D．clothes 27．A．careful B．fast C．quiet D．short 28．A．exciting B．long C．short 【答案】24．C 26．C 27．A 28．B 【解析】【导语】本文讲述了Leo原本觉得帮邻居Mr. Jenkins割草很无聊，但在一次陪Mr. Jenkins聊天听他讲童年故事后，Leo改变了想法，明白了陪伴是最珍贵的礼物。 24．句意：他离开时，不仅带着割草的钱，而且内心有一种温暖的感觉。cold寒冷的；bad坏的；warm温暖的。根据“The weekly job was no longer a...task. It became something Leo enjoyed.”可知，Leo不再觉得割草是无聊的任务，而是享受其中，所以内心是温暖的。故选C。 26．句意：他了解到，在一个老人平静生活的背后有许多精彩的故事。face脸；house房子；life生活。根据“many wonderful stories”可知，是生活中有很多精彩的故事。故选C。 27．句意：Leo认真的倾听比他在院子里帮忙是更好的礼物。careful认真的；fast快速的；quiet安静的。根据“listening”可知，是认真倾听。故选A。 28．句意：所以时间对我们来说通常感觉很漫长。exciting令人兴奋的；long长的；short短的。根据“For an old man, we have nothing much to do every day.”可知，老人每天没什么事做，所以时间感觉很漫长。故选B。 【迁移运用2-1】 ……… In 2006, Qixi became a national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产). This encourages more people to 47 the traditions of this special day, like eating “qiaoguo” and hanging wish papers. Some 48 put fruits in their yards on Qixi too—though not everyone does this now, it’s still a sweet way to hope for Zhinv’s blessing. 49 popular custom is writing wishes on red paper and hanging them on fruit trees, hoping the wishes will come true. Though times have changed, the true meaning of the festival remains the same. It teaches us about true love and hope. For students, learning about such festivals helps us understand why traditional culture is so 50 . We should work together to keep these traditions alive. 47．A．take part in B．look forward to C．get ready for 48．A．hardly B．normally C．never 49．A．Other B．The other C．Another 50．A．valuable B．worthy C．useful 【答案】 47．C 48．B 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了七夕节的相关知识 47．句意：这鼓励更多人关注这个特殊日子的传统，比如吃“巧果”和挂许愿纸。take part in参加；look forward to期待； pay attention to关注。根据原文“Qixi became a national intangible cultural heritage, like eating “qiaoguo” and hanging wish papers.”可知，成为非遗后应鼓励人们“关注”其传统，故选C。 48．句意：通常有些人也会在七夕这天在院子里摆放水果——虽然现在不是每个人都这么做，但这仍然是一种希望得到织女祝福的甜蜜方式。hardly几乎不；normally通常；never从不。根据后文“though not everyone does this now, it’s still a sweet way to hope for Zhinv’s blessing”可知，虽然不是所有人都这样做，但这是一个祈求织女祝福的甜蜜方式，因此是一种通常的情况，“normally”符合语境，故选B。 49．句意：另一个流行的习俗是在红纸上写下愿望，然后挂在果树上，希望愿望能实现。 Other其他的（后接复数名词）；The other两者中的另一个； Another三者及以上中的另一个。根据原文前文提到吃巧果、挂许愿纸、摆水果等习俗，此处指“另一个”习俗，故选C。 50．句意：对学生来说，了解这样的节日有助于我们理解为什么传统文化如此珍贵。valuable珍贵的；worthy值得的；useful有用的。根据原文“We should work together to keep these traditions alive”可知，需要传承的传统文化是“珍贵的”，故选A。 三、根据语境暗示选词 一、解题核心 基于对上下文逻辑关系（因果、递进、转折、举例、解释等）和情节发展方向的推理，判断空格处为完成该逻辑链条或推进情节所必需的信息，从而补全语意。 二、解题步骤 1. 分析关系，确定逻辑：重点分析空格句与前后句的语义关系。是因果、递进、转折、举例，还是时间顺序的下一步？寻找逻辑信号词（如so, because, however, for example, then）或根据叙事推进自行判断。 2. 预测内容，定向筛选：根据确定的逻辑关系，预测空格处应出现何种性质的内容（是一个结果？一个例子？一个相反情况？）。据此排除明显不符合此逻辑方向的选项。 3. 代入验证，闭合逻辑：将最终选项代入，通读相关句群。检查其是否使逻辑关系清晰、成立，是否让情节推进或说理更加顺畅完整，形成逻辑闭环。 三、解题原则 原则名称 核心释义 具体操作 典型干扰项特征 逻辑自洽原则 填入的词语必须确保所在句群内部逻辑严密、前后不自相矛盾，并能自然承接上下文。 将选项代入后，审视其是否使因果成立、对比鲜明、递进合理。选择使逻辑最通顺、最有力的选项。 逻辑断裂：选项使句子与上下文在逻辑上脱节或产生矛盾。 叙事推进原则 在记叙文中，正确选项往往是推动情节向下一个阶段发展的“关键动作”或“必要状态”。 思考：填入这个词后，故事是更顺理成章地向下发展了吗？它是否是当前情节下的必然一步？ 情节停滞/偏离：选项描述的内容使情节停滞不前，或转入与主线无关的旁枝末节。 【典例3-1】 Embarrassment is a way to teach us not to 74 mistakes. You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more 75 about what you are going to do. Even if you think everyone notices you with chocolate on your face, studies show that 76 people notice than you think. Sometimes embarrassing feelings can stop you from trying new things. If this happens, share your feelings with a person that you trust 77 . 74．A．choose B．avoid C．repeat 75．A．excited B．relaxed C．careful 76．A．fewer B．shorter C．more 【答案】 74．C 75．C 76．A 【解析】74．句意：尴尬是一种教会我们不要去重复犯错误的方式。 choose选择；avoid避免；repeat重复。根据下文“You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more... about what you are going to do.”可知，尴尬让我们更加谨慎，不去重复错误，故选C。 75．句意：你更有可能去担心太多关于别人对你的想法，这样你就会对你将要做的事情更加小心。 excited激动的；relaxed放松的；careful小心的。根据“You’re more likely to worry too much about what other people think of you, so that you will be more... about what you are going to do.”可知，你担心别人的看法，因此会更小心，故选C。 76．句意：即使你认为每个人都注意到你脸上有巧克力，研究表明有比你想象的更少的人注意到。 fewer更少的；shorter更矮的；more更多的。根据“Even if you think everyone notices you with chocolate on your face, studies show that... people notice than you think.”可知，你认为每个人都看到了，但其实没那么多人注意到，故选A。 【迁移运用3-1】 Her classmates told her that “merenda” is a special meal that is usually eaten at about four o’clock in the afternoon. Eating it is also a social activity and “merenda” is often 88 with friends or family members. This is a special and meaningful 89 . It made her realize that it is necessary to learn about the cultures of 90 countries. Also, it sparked (激发) her interest in learning about foreign cultures. She was thankful for this chance to learn more and know how colorful the world is. 88．A．shared B．mentioned C．dealt 89．A．hobby B．custom C．habit 90．A．secret B．different C．valuable 【答案】 88．A 89．B 90．B 【解析】88．句意：吃“merenda”也是一种社交活动，人们常常会和朋友或家人一起分享。 shared分享；mentioned提及；dealt处理。根据“Eating it is also a social activity and ‘merenda’ is often...with friends or family members.”可知，此处是share sth. with sb.“与某人分享某物”。故选A。 89．句意：这是一种特殊且有意义的习俗。 hobby爱好；custom习俗；habit习惯。根据“This is a special and meaningful...”可知，此处指这是一种特殊且有意义的“习俗”。故选B。 90．句意：这让她意识到，学习不同国家的文化是很有必要的。 secret秘密；different不同的；valuable有价值的。根据“It made her realize that it is necessary to learn about the cultures of...countries.”可知，此处指学习“不同”国家的文化。故选B。 Passage 1 An Australian girl came up with a smart idea to help farmers. The 14-year-old Australian girl, Isabella O’ Sullivan, 1 a smart robot called “Moisture Master” (保湿大师) to help farmers grow crops. She 2 Australia’s first “Young Business Star of the Year” prize because of her invention in 2024. The idea began with Isabella’ s deep 3 in farm science. she loves farm science and often watches how things work. She spent time watching farming practices closely and noticed two main 4 : long periods of dry weather and farmers making very little money from their animals. These problems inspired her to find a way to help. What does the Robot Do? The robot uses special devices (传感器) to 5 if the soil is dry. If the soil needs 6 , the robot starts watering automatically (自动地). This helps save water and stops crops from going 7 To improve the system, Isabella first tried different ways to position the devices in the soil until she found the most 8 ways. Then, she 9 connecting these devices to a mobile app. Now, farmers can check soil moisture levels (水分含量) 10 by simply opening the app. Isabella shares her business skills with classmates. She holds free classes and online lessons through the “Girls’ Business School”. These activities encourage girls to try business ideas. 1．A．drew B．expected C．invented 2．A．won B．bought C．lost 3．A．courage B．hate C．interest 4．A．advantages B．challenges C．differences 5．A．improve B．check C．discuss 6．A．water B．heat C．warmth 7．A．strong B．bad C．good 8．A．effective B．useless C．hopeless 9．A．depended on B．laughed at C．focused on 10．A．brightly B．easily C．hardly 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了澳大利亚女孩Isabella发明了智能机器人“保湿大师”，帮助农民检测土壤湿度并自动浇水，解决干旱和低收入问题。她因此获奖，并通过免费课程鼓励女孩参与商业创新。 1．句意：14岁的澳大利亚女孩伊莎贝拉·奥沙利文发明了一个名为“保湿大师”的智能机器人来帮助农民种植作物。 drew画；expected期待；invented发明。根据“The 14-year-old Australian girl, Isabella O’ Sullivan...a smart robot called “Moisture Master” to help farmers grow crops.”可知，句中表述伊莎贝拉·奥沙利文“发明”了一个名为“保湿大师”的智能机器人，此处使用“invented”意为“发明”，符合语境。故选C。 2．句意：由于她在2024年的这项发明，她赢得了澳大利亚首个“年度青年商业明星”奖。 won赢得；bought购买；lost失去。根据“She...Australia’s first “Young Business Star of the Year” prize because of her invention in 2024.”可知，伊莎贝拉·奥沙利文因为发明机器人而“赢得”了奖项，此处使用“won”意为“赢得”，符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：这个想法源于伊莎贝拉对农业科学的浓厚兴趣。 courage勇气；hate厌恶；interest兴趣。根据“The idea began with Isabella’ s deep...in farm science.”可知，她喜欢农业科学，经常观察事物的运作方式，所以是对农业科学有浓厚“兴趣”，此处使用“interest”意为“兴趣”，符合语境。故选C。 4．句意：她花时间密切观察农业实践，注意到了两个主要的挑战：长期的干旱天气和农民从他们的牲畜中获利甚少。 advantages优势；challenges挑战；differences差异。根据“She spent time watching farming practices closely and noticed two main...long periods of dry weather and farmers making very little money from their animals.”可知，长期干旱和农民获利少是农业面临的困难，也就是“挑战”，此处使用“challenges”意为“挑战”，符合语境。故选B。 5．句意：机器人使用特殊的传感器来检查土壤是否干燥。 improve改善；check检查；discuss讨论。根据“The robot uses special devices to...if the soil is dry.”可知，传感器是用来“检查”土壤是否干燥的，此处使用“check”意为“检查”，符合语境。故选B。 6．句意：如果土壤需要水，机器人就会自动开始浇水。 water水；heat热量；warmth温暖。根据“If the soil needs...the robot starts watering automatically.”可知，机器人自动浇水，说明土壤需要的是“水”，此处使用“water”意为“水”，符合语境。故选A。 7．句意：这有助于节约用水，防止庄稼长势不好。 strong强壮的；bad不好的；good好的。根据“This helps save water and stops crops from going...”可知，机器人浇水是为了帮助庄稼生长，防止因缺水而长势“不好”，此处使用“bad”意为“不好的”，符合语境。故选B。 8．句意：为了改进这个系统，伊莎贝拉首先尝试了不同的方法来将传感器放置在土壤中，直到她找到最有效的方法。 effective有效的；useless无用的；hopeless没有希望的。根据“To improve the system, Isabella first tried different ways to position the devices in the soil until she found the most...ways.”可知，她是在寻找能改进系统的方法，也就是“最有效的”方法，此处使用“effective”意为“有效的”，符合语境。故选A。 9．句意：然后，她专注于将这些传感器连接到一个移动应用程序上。 depended on依靠；laughed at嘲笑；focused on专注于。根据“Then, she...connecting these devices to a mobile app.”可知，她在完成前面的工作后，接下来“专注于”将传感器与应用程序连接，此处使用“focused on”意为“专注于”，符合语境。故选C。 10．句意：现在，农民只需打开应用程序就可以轻松地查看土壤水分含量。 brightly明亮地；easily容易地；hardly几乎不。根据“Now, farmers can check soil moisture levels...by simply opening the app”可知，通过简单地打开应用程序就能查看，说明很“容易”，此处使用“easily”意为“容易地”，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 2 The Perpetual Calendar, known as “Wan Nian Li” in Chinese, is a 1 Chinese calendar system that has been used for thousands of years. It serves as a guide and an important 2 for farming and daily life of Chinese people. It’s said that in ancient times there was a young man named Wan Nian. He thought that there were 3 rules for the change of seasons and climate. To 4 the special rules of nature, he climbed the mountain. Later, he was inspired by the shadows (影子) of trees on the mountain, and made a sundial (日晷) that measured (测量) the shadow of the sun to fix the time. As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would 5 itself. When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty was worried because of the 6 of the time, he recommended himself to create a calendar for the country and help all the people. After the 7 study, Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called “Tai Yang Li”. When he presented it to the emperor, Wan Nian was an old man with white hair. The emperor was very moved. To 8 the achievement of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as “Wan Nian Li”. The Perpetual Calendar is not only a tool for timekeeping, but also 9 rooted in Chinese culture and philosophy (哲学). It shows the ancient Chinese belief in the 10 of yin and yang and the interconnection of all things. Even today, many people in China may check the Perpetual Calendar for important events like weddings and business openings. 1．A．new B．recent C．traditional 2．A．tool B．machine C．stage 3．A．strict B．traffic C．natural 4．A．make up B．find out C．keep off 5．A．teach B．shine C．repeat 6．A．unfairness B．uncertainty C．impossibility 7．A．low-level B．long-term C．short-term 8．A．refuse B．get C．praise 9．A．deeply B．quickly C．hardly 10．A．hope B．picture C．balance 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统的万年历。讲述了其名称由来，是由古人万年经过长期研究自然规律后创制出来的，还提及万年历不仅是计时工具，更深深植根于中国文化和哲学之中。 1．句意：万年历，中文名为 “万年历”，是一种已经使用了数千年的传统中国历法系统。 new新的；recent最近的；traditional传统的。根据“has been used for thousands of years”可知，万年历是传统的历法系统，故选C。 2．句意：它是中国人农业生产和日常生活的指南和重要工具。 tool工具；machine机器；stage阶段；舞台。根据“for farming and daily life of Chinese people.”可知，这里表示万年历在农业和日常生活中起到工具的作用，故选A。 3．句意：据说在古代，有一个叫万年的年轻人。他认为季节和气候的变化有自然规律。 strict严格的；traffic交通；natural自然的。根据“rules for the change of seasons and climate.”可知，这里说的是自然方面季节和气候变化的规律。故选C。 4．句意：为了弄清楚大自然的这些特殊规律，他爬上了山。 make up组成；编造；化妆；find out弄清楚；查明；keep off远离；不接近。根据“special rules of nature, he climbed the mountain.”可知，此处表示去探究自然规律。故选B。 5．句意：随着时间的推移，他发现每过三百六十多天，一天的时长就会重复。 teach教；shine发光；照耀；repeat重复。根据“As time went on, he found that every more than three hundred and sixty days, the length of the day would”可知，这里说的是一天时长的周期性重复，故选C。 6．句意：当万年知道商朝的帝王因为时间的不确定性而烦恼时，他自荐为国家创制一部历法来帮助所有人。 unfairness不公平；uncertainty不确定性；impossibility不可能。根据“When Wan Nian knew that the emperor of the Shang Dynasty was worried because of the”可知，这里表示因为当时没有准确历法，所以时间方面存在不确定性，这让帝王烦恼。故选B。 7．句意：经过长期研究，万年制定出了一部精确的历法，叫做“太阳历”。 low-level低水平的；long-term长期的；short-term短期的。根据“Wan Nian worked out an exact calendar called ‘Tai Yang Li’.”可知，这里表示经过研究得出结论，研究制定历法是个长期过程。故选B。 8．句意：为了赞扬万年的成就，他将这部阳历命名为“万年历”。 refuse拒绝；get得到；praise赞扬。根据“the achievement of Wan Nian, he named the solar calendar as ‘Wan Nian Li’.”可知，这里表示帝王给历法命名是对万年成就的赞扬。故选C。 9．句意：万年历不仅是一种计时工具，还深深植根于中国文化和哲学之中。 deeply深深地；quickly快速地；hardly几乎不。根据“rooted in Chinese culture and philosophy (哲学).”可知，这里表示万年历在文化和哲学方面的深厚根基。故选A。 10．句意：它体现了中国古代对阴阳平衡以及万物互联的信仰。 hope希望；picture图片；画面；balance平衡。yin and yang阴阳。根据“of yin and yang and the interconnection of all things.”可知，这里表示讲究的是平衡。故选C。 Passage 3 Long ago, a girl named Lily lived with her father and grandmother in a small house near a forest. They were very poor. One day, the prince’s messenger came and said the prince was 1 strong men for a faraway journey. Lily’s father decided to go. He told Lily that when he returned, the prince would give him a lot of 2 . Lily felt sad but kissed him goodbye. Winter came, and Lily worried about her father. Then Grandma told her about a magical 3 in the forest with an elf (精灵) living in it. The elf could see far away. The next day, Lily went to the forest and 4 the tree. It had a door. Lily knocked (敲), and an elf 5 . “Kind sir,” Lily said. “Could you tell me how my father is?” “To receive (接受), one must give,” the elf said. Lily gave him her 6 , and the elf said her father was warm. Spring came, and Lily learned from a traveler that many people had died during the journey. Lily was worried and ran to the tree. She had nothing left but her 7 . She cut off her long braid (发辫) and gave it to the elf and the elf said her father was 8 . A week later, Lily’s father 9 ! He talked about how a scarf and a long braid had saved him during his journey. Lily realized these were just what she had given to the elf! They 10 went to thank the elf, but he was gone. “Maybe the elf shows himself only to those in need,” Grandmother said. Lily never saw the elf again, but she always remembered his words: “To receive, one must give.” 1．A．hearing from B．looking for C．taking after 2．A．water B．money C．advice 3．A．tree B．hill C．river 4．A．held B．accepted C．found 5．A．smiled B．appeared C．improved 6．A．shoes B．hat C．scarf 7．A．hair B．nose C．ears 8．A．popular B．creative C．safe 9．A．started B．returned C．won 10．A．quickly B．simply C．suddenly 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文围绕女孩Lily的经历展开，讲述了她的父亲因王子招募远行，她为了得知父亲的消息，向森林里的精灵求助并付出一些物品，最终父亲平安归来的故事。 1．句意：一天，王子的信使来了，说王子正在寻找强壮的男人去进行一次遥远的旅行。 hearing from收到……的来信；looking for寻找；taking after与……相像。根据“One day, the prince’s messenger came and said the prince was...strong men for a faraway journey.”可知，这里是王子“寻找”强壮的男人，此处选looking for。故选B。 2．句意：他告诉Lily，当他回来时，王子会给他很多钱。 water水；money钱；advice建议。根据“He told Lily that when he returned, the prince would give him a lot of...”可知，前文提到他们很穷，父亲去远行是为了改善生活，所以王子会给“钱”，此处选money。故选B。 3．句意：然后奶奶告诉她森林里有一棵神奇的树，里面住着一个精灵。 tree树；hill山；river河。根据“Then Grandma told her about a magical...in the forest with an elf (精灵) living in it.”可知，后文提到Lily找到了这棵有门的“树”，所以这里说的是“树”，此处选tree。故选A。 4．句意：第二天，Lily去了森林并找到了那棵树。 held握住；accepted接受；found找到。根据“The next day, Lily went to the forest and...the tree.”可知，Lily去森林“找到”了那棵树，此处选found。故选C。 5．句意：Lily敲了敲门，一个精灵出现了。 smiled微笑；appeared出现；improved提高。根据“Lily knocked (敲), and an elf...”可知，这里说敲门后精灵“出现”了，此处选appeared。故选B。 6．句意：Lily给了他她的围巾，精灵说她的父亲很温暖。 shoes鞋子；hat帽子；scarf围巾。根据“Lily gave him her..., and the elf said her father was warm.”及后文提到父亲说围巾救了他可知，这里Lily给的是“围巾”，此处选scarf。故选C。 7．句意：她除了头发什么都没有了。 hair头发；nose鼻子；ears耳朵。根据“She had nothing left but her...”及后文说她剪掉了发辫可知，这里指的是“头发”，此处选hair。故选A。 8．句意：她剪掉了她的长辫子，把它给了精灵，精灵说她的父亲很安全。 popular受欢迎的；creative有创造力的；safe安全的。根据“She cut off her long braid (发辫) and gave it to the elf and the elf said her father was...”和前文Lily担心父亲以及后文父亲平安归来可知，这里精灵说父亲是“安全的”，此处选safe。故选C。 9．句意：一周后，Lily的父亲回来了！ started开始；returned回来；won赢得。根据“A week later, Lily’s father...”可知，这里说父亲“回来”了，此处选returned。故选B。 10．句意：他们立刻去感谢精灵，但他已经不见了。 quickly很快地；simply简单地；suddenly突然地。根据“They...went to thank the elf, but he was gone.”可知，这里说他们“很快”去感谢精灵，此处选quickly。故选A。 Passage 4 Each year on the third Monday of January, people in the US 1 the Martin Luther King Jr. Day. People thank him for the work that he has done for racial equality (种族平等). King, an African-American, was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929. In that part of the country at that time, the mixing of races in places like schools, buses and restaurants was against the law. He 2 racial prejudice (偏见) from the time he was very young. He was told that he could not play with his friends 3 they were white and he was black. He thought it was pretty 4 and that’s why he was determined (下定决心的) to try his best to fight 5 the equality of all. King believed that the best way to bring about changes was to peacefully say ‘No’ to unfair laws. He 6 people to march (示威游行) on the streets. He joined black people’s sit-ins. He also encouraged a large number of people with his speeches (演讲). One of 7 best known speeches is “I Have a Dream”. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. On April 4, 1968, King was killed. In 1986, Martin Luther King Jr. Day became a 8 holiday in the US. People celebrate it with peaceful marches, community (社区) service and other 9 . For example, students can go to libraries to read books about the civil rights movement, or visit a 10 about African American history. 1．A．achieve B．celebrate C．bring 2．A．controlled B．experienced C．protected 3．A．because B．though C．so 4．A．exciting B．easy C．unfair 5．A．from B．against C．for 6．A．found B．led C．fell 7．A．her B．our C．his 8．A．national B．wise C．crazy 9．A．activities B．success C．opinions 10．A．theater B．village C．museum 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国黑人领袖马丁·路德·金的事迹。 1．句意：每年一月的第三个星期一，美国人庆祝马丁·路德·金日。 achieve实现；celebrate庆祝；bring带来。根据下一句“People thank him for the work that he has done for racial equality (种族平等).”以及选项可知，此处表示庆祝马丁·路德·金日。故选B。   2．句意：他从小就经历过种族偏见。 controlled控制；experienced经历；protected保护。根据下一句“He was told that he could not play with his friends...they were white and he was black.”以及选项可知，此处表示经历过种族偏见。故选B。 3．句意：有人告诉他，他不能和朋友们一起玩，因为他们是白人，而他是黑人。 because因为；though虽然；so所以。根据“he could not play with his friends”和“they were white and he was black”以及选项可知，两者之间是因果关系，前果后因，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 4．句意：他认为这很不公平，这就是为什么他决心尽最大努力为所有人的平等而战。 exciting激动人心的；easy容易的；unfair不公平的。根据前文“he could not play with his friends...they were white and he was black”以及选项可知，此处表示这很不公平。故选C。 5．句意：他认为这很不公平，这就是为什么他决心尽最大努力为所有人的平等而战。 from来自；against反对；for为了。根据“fight...the equality of all”以及选项可知，此处表示为所有人的平等而战。fight for“为……而战”。故选C。 6．句意：他领导人们走上街头游行。 found发现；led领导；fell掉落。根据下文“He also encouraged a large number of people with his speeches (演讲).”以及选项可知，此处表示领导人们走上街头游行。lead sb to do sth“领导某人做某事”。故选B。 7．句意：他最著名的演讲之一是“我有一个梦想”。 her她的；our我们的；his他的。根据前一句“He also encouraged a large number of people with his speeches (演讲).”以及选项可知，此处表示他最著名的演讲之一。故选C。 8．句意：1986年，马丁·路德·金日成为美国全国的假日。 national国家的、全国的；wise明智的；crazy疯狂的。根据前文“Each year on the third Monday of January, people in the US...the Martin Luther King Jr. Day.”和下一句“People celebrate it with peaceful marches, community(社区) service and other....”以及选项可知，此处表示成为美国全国的假日。故选A。 9．句意：人们用和平的示威游行、社区服务和其他活动来庆祝。 activities活动；success成功；opinions意见。根据下一句“For example, students can go to libraries to read books about the civil rights movement, or visit a...about African American history.”以及选项可知，此处表示其他活动。故选A。 10．句意：例如，学生可以去图书馆阅读有关民权运动的书，或者参观有关非裔美国人历史的博物馆。 theater剧院；village村庄；museum博物馆。根据“visit a...about African American history.”以及选项可知，此处表示参观有关非裔美国人历史的博物馆。故选C。 Passage 5 Do you know project-based learning? It’s learning while doing. It helps learners to get a (n) 1 understanding of a topic. During the learning, learners use real examples and challenges to solve problems. In the end they show their knowledge and skills 2 creating a product for people. Sandra is an eleven-year-old student. She wanted to know more about Greek mythology (神话). Well, how did she make it? She chose Greek mythological characters as the topic 1 she was interested in the characters and their stories. To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology. She watched videos and played games all 2 with it. When she collected the information, she was ready to create a project. She believed she had the 3 to create a good project. She loved to build Legos, so she decided to build lego creations based on (基于) the 4 of Greek mythological characters. She was also good at art, so she 5 a book about her favorite characters. In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words. After that, she 6 her parents two products she created. Then she shared her project online with friends, and later even on social media. From the example, we can see project-based learning 7 a student to learn about a topic and then create a project based on his or her talents and skills. Through project work, students can 8 a topic deeply and have fun learning. So if you’re interested in something, why not start with project-based learning? 1．A．easier B．quicker C．deeper 2．A．by B．in C．on 3．A．though B．while C．because 4．A．born B．connected C．covered 5．A．dream B．ability C．brain 6．A．examples B．sentences C．stories 7．A．repeated B．memorized C．created 8．A．offered B．showed C．bought 9．A．allows B．discovers C．forces 10．A．pay attention to B．look up C．learn about 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍项目式学习，说明其是 “学习与实践并行” 的模式，能助力学习者深入理解主题。以桑德拉探究希腊神话并开展项目的实例，展现该学习模式如何让学习者依据自身天赋技能开展项目，体现其可让学习者深入了解主题、趣味学习的优势，鼓励读者尝试 。 1．句意：它帮助学习者对一个主题有更深入的理解。 考查形容词比较级。easier 更简单的；quicker 更快的；deeper 更深入的 。根据“ During the learning, learners use real examples and challenges to solve problems. In the end they show their knowledge and skills ... creating a product for people.”可知，基于项目的学习是 “做中学”，能让人对主题理解更 “深入”，故选 C。 2．句意：最后，他们通过为人们创造一个产品来展示自己的知识和技能。 考查介词。by 通过；in 在…… 里；on 在……上 。“creating a product” 是展示知识技能的方式，用 “by” 表 “通过”，故选 A。 3．句意：她选择希腊神话人物作为主题，因为她对这些人物及其故事感兴趣。 考查连词。though 尽管；while 当…… 时；because 因为 。分析句子逻辑关系可知，“对人物和故事感兴趣” 是 “选其为主题” 的原因，用 “because”，故选 C。 4．句意：她看视频、玩游戏，所有这些都与之相关。 考查形容词。born 天生的；connected 相关的；covered 覆盖的 。根据“ To collect information, she read books and articles about the history of Greek mythology.”可知，此处表示和希腊神话相关的活动，故选 B。 5．句意：她相信自己有能力创造一个好的项目。 考查名词。dream 梦想；ability 能力；brain 大脑 。根据“She believed she had the ... to create a good project.”可知，此处表示有 “能力” 做好项目，故选 B。 6．句意：她喜欢拼乐高，所以决定根据希腊神话人物的故事来搭建乐高作品。考查名词。examples 例子；sentences 句子；stories 故事 。根据后文“ In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words.”可知，此处表示基于神话人物 “故事” 搭建乐高，故选 C。 7．句意：她也擅长艺术，所以创作了一本关于她最喜欢的人物的书。 考查动词。repeated 重复；memorized 记忆；created 创作 。根据“In her book, she drew pictures of them and wrote the stories in her own words.”可知，此处指“创作” 关于人物的书，故选 C。 8．句意：之后，她向父母展示了自己创作的两件作品。 考查动词。offered 提供；showed 展示；bought 买 。根据“Then she shared her project online with friends, and later even on social media.”可知，此处指把作品 “展示” 给父母看，故选 B。 9．句意：从这个例子中，我们可以看到基于项目的学习让学生了解一个主题，然后根据自己的才能和技能创建一个项目。 考查动词。allows 允许，让；discovers 发现；forces 强迫 。“allow sb. to do sth.” 表示 “让某人做某事”，符合语境，故选 A。 10．句意：通过项目工作，学生可以深入了解一个主题，并且在学习中获得乐趣。 考查动词短语。pay attention to 关注；look up 查阅；learn about 了解 。根据 Through project work, students can ... a topic deeply and have fun learning.“可知，此处指”深入 “了解” 主题，故选 C。 Passage 6 Swimming lessons make up some of my earliest memories. As an 8-year-old kid, I could stay on the water but 1 to put my head underwater. My mum tried to give me ice blocks and Barbie dolls as prizes, hoping that I could overcome 2 . One of my swimming teachers even put coins on the bottom of the pool. But instead of diving (潜水) underwater, I used my toes (脚趾) to 3 the coins like a monkey. Finally, I went to another swimming teacher. She didn’t encourage me but shouted at me, “Get your head in the water... NOW!” I was so 4 that I disappeared under the surface straight away. As I came up for 5 , a little voice inside my head said, “You did it. YOU DID IT!” 20 years later, I revisited that tough (严厉的) order when I was about to go diving with sharks. Breathing 6 , I told the dive master, “I can’t do this.” She tried to comfort me, saying it wasn’t for everyone and that there was no shame if I changed my 7 . However, I needed to write a travel story after this experience. Returning to the boss 8 scared me more. My swimming teacher’s voice echoed (回响) in my ears. And with that, the dive became exciting. The order similar to Nike’s “Just Do It” is a kind of tough love that 9 you to get over yourself. Perhaps, when hearing “Get your head in the water…NOW!” some kids may be 10 rather than encouraged. However, all I know is that sometimes tough love is exactly what you need. 1．A．planned B．refused C．liked 2．A．fear B．anger C．happiness 3．A．give away B．look after C．pick up 4．A．interested B．excited C．shocked 5．A．air B．money C．ice 6．A．softly B．heavily C．happily 7．A．mouth B．body C．mind 8．A．open-minded B．empty-handed C．warm-hearted 9．A．puts B．drives C．invites 10．A．hurt B．moved C．warmed 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述作者小时候学游泳时害怕把头埋入水中，在严厉教练的命令下克服恐惧，多年后这一经历帮助其完成潜水挑战，探讨 “严厉的爱” 对自我突破的意义。 1．句意：作为一个8岁的孩子，我能待在水面上但拒绝把头埋入水下。 planned计划；refused拒绝；liked喜欢。根据“As an 8-year-old kid, I could stay on the water but…to put my head underwater.”及下文没有潜水而是用脚趾捡硬币可知，作者拒绝埋入水中。故选B。 2．句意：我妈妈试图给我冰块和芭比娃娃作为奖励，希望我能克服恐惧。 fear恐惧；anger愤怒；happiness快乐。根据“I could stay on the water but refused to put my head underwater”可知，作者对潜水有恐惧，妈妈希望其克服。故选A。 3．句意：但我没有潜入水下，而是用脚趾像猴子一样捡起硬币。 give away赠送；look after照顾；pick up捡起。根据“One of my swimming teachers even put coins on the bottom of the pool”及用脚趾的动作描述可知，作者捡起硬币。故选C。 4．句意：我是如此震惊以至于立刻潜入了水面下。 interested感兴趣的；excited兴奋的；shocked震惊的。根据“She didn’t encourage me but shouted at me”可知，教练的严厉命令让作者震惊并本能反应。故选C。 5．句意：当我上来呼吸空气时，脑海里有个小声音说：“你做到了！你做到了！” air空气；money钱；ice冰。根据“As I came up”可知，上浮是为了呼吸空气。故选A。 6．句意：我沉重地呼吸，告诉潜水教练：“我做不到。” softly轻柔地；heavily沉重地；happily快乐地。根据“I was about to go diving with sharks”可知，作者紧张时沉重地呼吸。故选B。 7．句意：她试图安慰我，说这并非适合所有人，如果我改变想法，也没有什么可羞愧的。 mouth嘴巴；body身体；mind想法。根据“I can’t do this.” She tried to comfort me, saying it wasn’t for everyone and that there was no shame if I changed my….”可知，这里考查短语change one’s mind“改变主意”，指放弃潜水的想法。故选C。 8．句意：空手回到老板身边更让我害怕。 open-minded思想开放的；empty-handed空手的；warm-hearted热心的。根据“I needed to write a travel story after this experience”可知，未完成体验会空手交差。故选B。 9．句意：这个类似于耐克“只管去做”的命令是一种严厉的爱，驱使你克服自我。 puts放置；drives驱使；invites邀请。根据“And with that, the dive became exciting”可知，严厉的命令驱使作者行动。故选B。 10．句意：也许，当听到“马上把头埋进水里！”时，有些孩子可能会感到被伤害，而不是受到鼓励。 hurt伤害；moved感动；warmed温暖。根据“She didn’t encourage me but shouted at me”可知，严厉方式可能让孩子感到伤害。故选A。 Passage 7 Walter Bergen was heartbroken after his wife’s death. He felt 1 and stopped taking care of himself. He only ate for dinners and toasts in his messy house. His clothes were often 2 and his appearance was disheveled (蓬头垢面的). His daughter Melanie was deeply 3 . She drove to his house and said, “Dad, you can’t stay here by yourself. Come and live with us.” Walter got angry and 4 , “I’m fine! Leave me alone!” Melanie felt sad and left. A few weeks later, Walter was 5 by a car while crossing the road. In the hospital, Melanie insisted, “Dad, you’re coming to live with us now!” Feeling weak and defeated, Walter finally agreed. Melanie’s husband wasn’t pleased with this. “Your father is dirty and always sad. Why is he living with us?” he 6 . Melanie firmly replied, “He’s my father. He’s old and heartbroken. He needs us.” One evening, Melanie told everyone, “Tomorrow is Grandparents’ Day at Rosa’s school.” Walter asked, “What is Grandparents’ Day?” Melanie explained,” Grandparents come to school to watch activities and play games.” Walter said, “I will go!” But when Rosa, the granddaughter, heard this, she 7 herself in her room and cried loudly, “Grandpa is dirty and he smells bad.” Walter heard this. He felt so hurt and left sadly. The next morning, however, Walter surprised everyone. He appeared in a clean blue suit. What’s more, his hair was tidy, and he smelt fresh. Rosa’s eyes widened in disbelief. Walter said 8 , “You’re right, dear. You deserve a grandpa who tries harder. You are my 9 to be better.” Rosa’s face lit up, and she hugged her grandpa tightly. At that moment, they realized that family is not just about blood, but about love and support for each other when they are in 10 . 1．A．lively B．lonely C．hopeful 2．A．unwashed B．unfashionable C．unusual 3．A．confused B．surprised C．worried 4．A．announced B．mentioned C．shouted 5．A．hit B．beaten C．caught 6．A．admitted B．complained C．advised 7．A．locked B．enjoyed C．dressed 8．A．nervously B．gently C．sadly 9．A．example B．model C．reason 10．A．love B．trouble C．silence 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文讲述沃尔特在妻子去世后陷入孤独消沉，女儿梅兰妮坚持照顾他，却因孙女罗莎的嫌弃而伤心，最终沃尔特为孙女改变自己，展现家庭中爱与支持的重要性。 1．句意：他感到孤独，不再照顾自己。 lively活泼的；lonely孤独的；hopeful充满希望的。根据“after his wife’s death”及“stopped taking care of himself”可知，妻子去世后他的状态是心碎且不再照顾自己，此处指情感上的孤独。故选B。 2．句意：他的衣服经常未洗，外表蓬头垢面。 unwashed未洗的；unfashionable不时尚的；unusual不寻常的。根据“His clothes were often…and his appearance was disheveled.”可知，此处描述他的邋遢，与“蓬头垢面”并列的应是衣服未洗。故选A。 3．句意：女儿梅兰妮深感担忧。 confused困惑的；surprised惊讶的；worried担忧的。根据“His daughter Melanie was deeply….She drove to his house and said, ‘Dad, you can’t stay here by yourself.’”可知，女儿的行为表明她对父亲的状况担忧。故选C。 4．句意：沃尔特生气地喊道：“我很好！别管我！” announced宣布；mentioned提及；shouted喊叫。根据“Walter got angry and…, ‘I’m fine! Leave me alone!’”可知，生气时的说话方式应为喊叫。故选C。 5．句意：几周后，沃尔特过马路时被车撞倒。 hit撞击；beaten打败；caught抓住。根据“A few weeks later, Walter was…by a car while crossing the road.”可知，这里指过马路时被车撞击，应用hit。故选A。 6．句意：“为什么要和我们一起住？” 他抱怨道。 admitted承认；complained抱怨；advised建议。根据“Melanie’s husband wasn’t pleased with this. ‘Your father is dirty and always sad. Why is he living with us?’ he….” 可知，丈夫不满的话语属于抱怨。故选B。 7．句意：但当孙女罗莎听到这件事时，她把自己锁在房间里大哭。 locked锁；enjoyed享受；dressed穿着。根据“But when Rosa, the granddaughter, heard this, she…herself in her room and cried loudly”可知，孙女因嫌弃祖父而躲进房间，locked“锁门”符合语境。故选A。 8．句意：沃尔特温和地说：“你说得对，亲爱的。” nervously紧张地；gently温和地；sadly悲伤地。根据“Walter said…, ‘You’re right, dear. You deserve a grandpa who tries harder.’”及后文沃尔特的改变及对孙女的爱可知，沃尔特语气是温和的。故选B。 9．句意：你是我变得更好的原因。 example例子；model榜样；reason原因。根据“Walter said… ‘You are my…to be better.’”可知，孙女的感受是沃尔特改变的动因，reason“原因”符合语境。故选C。 10．句意：那一刻，他们意识到家庭不仅关乎血缘，还在于当彼此陷入困境时的爱与支持。 love爱；trouble困境；silence沉默。根据“At that moment, they realized that family is not just about blood, but about love and support for each other when they are in….”可知，需要爱与支持的情境应为陷入困境时，in trouble“在困难中”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 8 Ever since I was a little girl, I’ve loved music. While most kids played outside in the sun, I felt happy inside my house and 1 my guzheng for hours. Playing the guzheng took me to a 2 world where I could feel free from worries. After years of practice, the big day arrived—the City Music Festival. I sat beside my mother and felt 3 . When my name was finally called, I took a deep breath and walked on stage. I 4 put my guzheng in place and began to play. The deep, rich sound filled the room. 5 , my finger slipped (滑) and hit the wrong note. I continued playing as if nothing had happened, but inside, I thought to myself, “I’ve just messed up (搞砸) everything.” As soon as I finished, people cheered loudly. My mother praised me, but I felt disappointed about my 6 . As the last performer finished, the judges began to call out the 7 . I lost hope, believing my mistake would make me fail. To my surprise, the judge called my name and said, “You may now come to the stage and 8 your prize.” I couldn’t believe it! My hard work finally 9 . When I received my prize, one of the judges told me, “Don’t be so 10 on yourself. We all make mistakes.” 1．A．made B．kept C．practiced 2．A．different B．normal C．boring 3．A．nervous B．relaxed C．proud 4．A．badly B．hardly C．carefully 5．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Instead 6．A．plan B．prize C．mistake 7．A．parents B．listeners C．winners 8．A．accept B．share C．offer 9．A．went on B．paid off C．fell behind 10．A．focused B．stupid C．hard 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从小热爱音乐，在练习古筝多年后参加城市音乐节，演奏时出现失误，但最终仍获奖的故事；通过这次比赛，作者明白了不要对自己太苛刻，人人都会犯错的道理。 1．句意：当大多数孩子在阳光下玩耍时，我却很高兴待在屋里，花几个小时练习古筝。 made制作；kept保持；practiced练习。根据上文“Ever since I was a little girl, I’ve loved music.”和下文“After years of practice”以及选项可知，作者喜欢音乐，经常花几个小时练习古筝。故选C。 2．句意：弹奏古筝把我带到了一个不同的世界，在那里我可以无忧无虑。 different不同的；normal普通的；boring无聊的。根据下文“where I could feel free from worries”以及选项可知，弹奏古筝让作者进入了一个没有烦恼的世界，这个世界与现实不同。故选A。 3． 句意：我坐在妈妈旁边，感到很紧张。 nervous紧张的；relaxed放松的；proud骄傲的。根据常识以及“I took a deep breath”可知，参加重要的音乐节比赛，坐在母亲旁边等待上台，作者应该是感到紧张的。故选A。 4．句意：我小心地把古筝放好，然后开始演奏。 badly糟糕地；hardly几乎不；carefully小心地。根据上文“I took a deep breath and walked on stage”以及选项可知，作者上台后，应该是小心地把古筝放好然后开始演奏。故选C。 5．句意：突然，我的手指滑了一下，按错了音符。 Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然地；Instead相反。根据下文“my finger slipped and hit the wrong note”以及选项可知，手指滑了一下并按错音符是突然发生的事情。故选B。 6．句意：妈妈表扬了我，但我对自己的失误感到失望。 plan计划；prize奖项；mistake错误。根据上文提到作者演奏时按错了音符，以及“but I felt disappointed”和选项可知，此处是作者对自己的失误感到失望。故选C。 7．句意：当最后一位表演者表演结束后，评委们开始宣布获奖者。 parents父母；students学生；winners获胜者。根据下文“When I received my prize”以及选项可知，作者获奖了，所以此处是评委开始宣布获奖者。故选C。 8．句意：令我惊讶的是，评委叫了我的名字，说：“现在你可以上台来接受你的奖品了。” accept接受；share分享；offer提供。根据“come to the stage and...your prize”以及选项可知，此处是指作者被评委叫到台上接受奖品。故选A。 9．句意：我的努力终于得到了回报。 went on继续；paid off得到回报；fell behind落后。根据下文“When I received my prize”以及选项可知，作者获奖了，所以此处是指作者多年的努力在这次比赛中得到了回报。故选B。 10．句意：当我领奖时，一位评委告诉我：“别对自己太苛刻。我们都会犯错。” focused专注的；stupid愚蠢的；hard苛刻的。根据上文作者因为一个小失误就对自己很失望，以及“Don’t be so...on yourself. We all make mistakes.”和选项可知，评委是在安慰作者不要对自己太苛刻。be hard on sb对某人苛刻”。故选C。 Passage 9 Nowadays, domestic products (国货) are getting more and more popular among Chinese young people. This is because they are of high quality (质量)and 1 what customers want. It is reported that Chinese people’s interest in domestic products has 2 by 528% today compared to 10 years ago. Wang Xinyi is a college student from Chongqing. His shopping cart (购物车) is 3 domestic products. He said, “I choose domestic products because they are not expensive and the quality is 4 .” Mumu, a student from Beijing Foreign Studies University, likes a local 5 brand (品牌) because of its quality and care for the environment. She said, “If you 6 a certain number of coffee boxes, you can exchange (兑换) them for other products in the coffee shop. It’s great for people who care about the environment.” The rise of domestic brands shows that Chinese people have a strong sense of 7 . Let’s hope that domestic brands can continue to perfect the quality of their products and keep creating to satisfy 8 needs. Besides, domestic brands are becoming 9 creative. They are creating products that look cool and are fun to use. This helps 10 more young people. As these brands grow, they will continue to surprise us with new ideas and exciting products. 1．A．meet B．influence C．discover 2．A．watched B．grown C．shortened 3．A．similar to B．rich in C．full of 4．A．high B．poor C．low 5．A．hotel B．restaurant C．coffee 6．A．save B．paint C．work 7．A．freedom B．humour C．pride 8．A．shopkeepers’ B．customers’ C．producers’ 9．A．slowly B．increasingly C．helpfully 10．A．draw B．care C．treat 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述如今国货在年轻人群中日益受欢迎，原因在于其高品质且能满足消费者需求。文中列举王欣怡、Mumu等学生选择国货的例子，表明国货价格亲民、质量高且注重环保。国货崛起体现国人的自豪感，同时国货品牌不断完善质量、创新以满足消费者需求，且越来越具创意，吸引更多年轻人，未来有望带来更多惊喜。 1．句意：这是因为它们质量高，并且能满足顾客的需求。 meet满足；influence影响；discover覆盖。根据“what customers want.”可知，这里表达国货符合顾客的要求，需用meet。故选A。 2．句意：据报道，与10年前相比，如今中国人对国货的兴趣增长了528% 。 watched观看；grown增长；shortened缩短。根据“by 528%”可知，是兴趣增长。故选B。 3．句意：他的购物车装满了国货。 similar to与……相似；rich in富含；full of装满。根据“domestic products.”可知，这里表示装满国货产品。be full of是固定短语，意为“充满；装满”。故选C。 4．句意：他说：“我选择国货是因为它们价格不贵，而且质量高。” high高的；poor贫穷的；low低的。根据“I choose domestic products because they are not expensive and the quality is”可知，这里表示国货质量高。故选A。 5．句意：Mumu，一名来自北京外国语大学的学生，喜欢一个当地的咖啡品牌，因为其质量和对环境的关注。 hotel旅馆；restaurant餐厅；coffee咖啡。根据“coffee boxes”可知，是咖啡品牌。故选C。 6．句意：她说：“如果你积攒一定数量的咖啡盒，你可以在咖啡店用它们兑换其他产品。” save储存；paint涂画；work工作。根据“a certain number of coffee boxes, you can exchange (兑换) them for other products in the coffee shop.”可知，这里表示积攒一定数量咖啡盒用于兑换，save有“积攒；保存”之意。故选A。 7．句意：国货的崛起表明中国人有强烈的自豪感。 freedom自由；humour幽默；pride自豪。根据“The rise of domestic brands shows that Chinese people have a strong sense of”可知，这里表示国货受青睐体现国人对国货的认可和自豪。故选C。 8．句意：让我们希望国产品牌能够继续完善产品质量，不断创新以满足顾客的需求。 shopkeepers’店主的；customers’顾客的；producers’生产者的。根据“ Let’s hope that domestic brands can continue to perfect the quality of their products and keep creating to satisfy”可知，这里表示产品创新是为满足顾客需求。故选B。 9．句意：此外，国产品牌正越来越有创意。 slowly缓慢地；increasingly增长地；helpfully有益地。根据“creative.”可知，这里表示表示程度不断加深。故选B。 10．句意：这有助于吸引更多年轻人。 draw吸引；care关心；treat对待。根据“more young people.”可知，这里表示品牌吸引年轻人。故选A。 Passage 10 Ring! Ring! Ring! The alarm woke me up early. I was in a hurry to get dressed, as I was set to start reading my first English novel. But then, 1 filled my mind. “Why do I have to read English? It’s not fair!” I thought, getting more and more nervous and 2 . Just then, Mom came in. She asked if I was okay, but I shouted at her, “NO! I 3 wanted to learn English!” Seeing her surprised and sad face, I felt 4 and locked myself in my room. Later, when I 5 the door, Mom was there. She said she was sorry for pushing me too hard. This was the first time she’d ever said sorry to me. I realized how much she loved me and wanted me to do well. So, I decided to give the 6 , Charlotte’s Web, a try. Published in 1952, Charlotte’s Web is a famous children’s book by E. B．White. It tells a touching story about a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a spider named Charlotte. Reading it in English was 7 , but I loved it. The friendship between Wilbur and Charlotte made me 8 how Mom had always helped me. The book also taught me about life and finding self-worth. This book has been made into movies and plays. After reading it, I felt more confident. I thought about how Mom had helped me at the start. Even though she can be strict, I know she loves me. This reading experience 9 my relationship with Mom. She supported me, and now I believe in myself more and am ready to take on new 10 . 1．A．doubts B．surveys C．facts 2．A．curious B．angry C．happy 3．A．never B．ever C．still 4．A．comfortable B．interested C．terrible 5．A．closed B．cleaned C．opened 6．A．picture B．novel C．poem 7．A．boring B．difficult C．funny 8．A．think of B．dream of C．hear of 9．A．ended B．changed C．exchanged 10．A．colleges B．lessons C．challenges 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在妈妈的帮助下，阅读了第一本英文小说，并从中获得了启发。 1．句意：但随后，我心中充满了疑虑。 doubts怀疑；surveys调查；facts事实。根据后文“Why do I have to read English? It’s not fair!”可知，作者心中充满了怀疑。结合选项，故选A。 2．句意：“我为什么要读英语？这不公平！”我想，越来越紧张和愤怒。 curious好奇的；angry生气的；happy开心的。根据前文“Why do I have to read English? It’s not fair!”和“getting more and more nervous and”可知，应用angry，和nervous并列。故选B。 3．句意：我从来不想学英语！ never从不；ever曾经；still仍然。根据前文“Why do I have to read English? It’s not fair!”可知，作者并不想学英语。故选A。 4．句意：看到她惊讶而悲伤的脸，我感到很糟糕，把自己锁在房间里。 comfortable舒适的；interested感兴趣的；terrible糟糕的。根据前文“She asked if I was okay, but I shouted at her”和“Seeing her surprised and sad face”可知，作者很愧疚。故选C。 5．句意：后来，当我打开门时，妈妈在那里。 closed关闭；cleaned打扫；opened打开。根据前文“locked myself in my room”可知，作者把自己锁在房间里，后来又把门打开了。故选C。 6．句意：所以，我决定尝试一下小说《夏洛特的网》。 picture图片；novel小说；poem诗歌。根据前文“I was in a hurry to get dressed, as I was set to start reading my first English novel.”可知，作者决定尝试阅读《夏洛特的网》这本小说。故选B。 7．句意：用英语读它很难，但我很喜欢。 boring无聊的；difficult困难的；funny有趣的。根据后文“but I loved it”可知，此处表示阅读它很困难，前后构成转折关系。故选B。 8．句意：威尔伯和夏洛之间的友谊让我想起了妈妈总是如何帮助我。 think of想到；dream of梦到；hear of听说。根据后文“how Mom had always helped me”可知，作者想到了妈妈。故选A。 9．句意：这次阅读经历改变了我和妈妈的关系。 ended结束；changed改变；exchanged交换。根据前文“I realized how much she loved me and wanted me to do well.”和“The friendship between Wilbur and Charlotte made me ... how Mom had always helped me.”可知，作者改变了对妈妈的态度。故选B。 10．句意：她支持我，现在我更加相信自己，并准备迎接新的挑战。 colleges学院；lessons课程；chalenges挑战。根据前文“I believe in myself more”可知，作者已经做好了准备迎接新的挑战。故选C。 Passage 11 Last summer, I got a new job. When I was happily waiting for the bus, I found a 1 umbrella in the corner of the bus stop. I had never seen such a special 2 . Its ribs (伞骨) were made of bamboo, which is cool to touch. The umbrella was made of beautiful paper 3 wonderful pictures on it. It must be of great importance to someone. I 4 to wait for the owner. About thirty minutes later, a lady came in a hurry and looked for 5 . “Are you looking for the umbrella?” I asked. “Yes!” she said excitedly and 6 . She wore a smile and took the umbrella. As we talked, she told me the umbrella was a gift from her grandmother, who had passed away. It meant a lot to 7 . We talked for a while, and she asked for my address (地址) and contact (联系) information. That day, we had a really good 8 . Over the next several months, we kept in touch. She sent me pictures of her with the umbrella, reminding her of her grandma. Once, she 9 me to her home. She told me more about her grandmother’s life, and I felt like I was getting to know a kind and wise woman through her stories. The umbrella, a lost thing at first, became a sign of our friendship. It showed 10 being kind can bring good connections. 1．A．beautiful B．comfortable C．famous 2．A．computer B．notebook C．umbrella 3．A．with B．by C．from 4．A．invented B．decided C．marked 5．A．something B．anything C．nothing 6．A．wisely B．thankfully C．seriously 7．A．them B．me C．her 8．A．conversation B．creation C．expression 9．A．protected B．invited C．celebrated 10．A．that B．if C．what 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己去年夏天因拾到一把特殊雨伞而结识一位女士并发展出珍贵友谊的故事。 1．句意：当我开心地等公交时，在公交站角落发现了一把漂亮的雨伞。 beautiful美丽的；comfortable舒适的；famous著名的。根据下文“The umbrella was made of beautiful paper … wonderful pictures on it.”可知，伞面是漂亮的纸，还带有精美图案，强调外观好看，“beautiful”符合描述。故选A。 2．句意：我从未见过如此特别的雨伞。 computer电脑；notebook笔记本；umbrella雨伞。上文明确提到“found a... umbrella”，此处“such a special…”指前文的雨伞，语义需保持一致。故选C。 3．句意：这把伞由漂亮的纸张制成，上面带有精美的图案。 with带有；by被，由；from从。根据“beautiful paper … wonderful pictures on it”可知，此处是指带有精美图案的漂亮纸伞面，“with +名词”可表示“带有、具有某种特征”，固定搭配。故选A。 4．句意：我决定等待失主。 invented发明；decided决定；marked标记。根据上文“It must be of great importance to someone.”可知，雨伞对某人一定很重要，由此作者决定等待失主；考查decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，固定搭配，符合逻辑。故选B。 5．句意：大约30分钟后，一位女士匆忙赶来，在找什么东西。 something某物；anything任何东西，常用于否定句和疑问句；nothing没有东西。根据“a lady came in a hurry and looked for…”可知，女士匆忙赶来是在找某样东西 (即丢失的雨伞)，“something”用于肯定句，符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：“是的！”她兴奋又感激地说。 wisely明智地；thankfully感激地；seriously严肃地。根据语境可知，女士找到丢失的珍贵雨伞 (奶奶遗物)，应是“感激地”回应，“thankfully”符合情绪。故选B。 7．句意：它对她意义重大。 them他们；me我；her她。根据上文“As we talked, she told me the umbrella was a gift from her grandmother, who had passed away.”可知，雨伞是女士奶奶的遗物，对女士本人意义重大，应用“her”指代前文的“a lady”。故选C。 8．句意：那天，我们进行了一次非常愉快的交谈。 conversation谈话，交谈；creation创造；expression表达。根据上文“We talked for a while,”可知，作者与女士聊了一会儿，“had a really good conversation”符合“聊天”的场景。故选A。 9．句意：有一次，她邀请我去她家。 protected保护；invited邀请；celebrated庆祝。根据“me to her home”可知，此处是指女士邀请作者去家里，invite sb. to sp.“邀请某人去某地”符合语境。故选B。 10．句意：这件事表明，善意能带来美好的人际联结。 that无实义，连词，引导宾语从句；if是否/如果，连词；what什么，疑问代词。空格后 “being kind can bring good connections”是完整的陈述句，作“showed”的宾语，“that”可引导陈述句宾语从句 (无实义，仅起连接作用)。故选A。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $