专题09 非谓语动词专项突破与高分训练（复习讲义）（成都专用）2026年中考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题09中考英语非谓语动词专项突破与高分训练 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 ★知识点1非谓语的概念 4 ★知识点2 动词不定式 4 ★知识点3 动名词 10 ★知识点4 分词 12 03·题型通关·靶向突破 14 ★知识点5 中考题型及例题 14 04·优提精选·练能提分 15 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 考查维度 核心内容 核心考点 非谓语动词的用法 题型及 考法 一、单项选择、单句填空 1.动词不定式作宾语 2.宾语补足语 3.动词不定式作目的状语 4.动词-ing形式作宾语 二、单句填空、短文填空 1.动词原形（空格前已有to；省略to） 2.动词不定式 3.填动词-ing形式 命题理念 1.素养导向、聚焦语用： 非谓语动词考查结合真实语境，而非孤立考语法规则。 其语料多源于：科普知识（如2023年短文填空“植物发声”telling作宾语）、本土文化（如2025年短文填空“大石板村振兴”to offer作目的状语）、生活场景（如2024年B卷登山hiking）。 2. 分层设题、梯度分明： (1) A卷侧重非谓语考查“固定搭配+基础语境”。（如2024年补全对话46题，enjoy doing sth.，填hiking） (2) B卷侧重“语篇逻辑+非谓语功能”的综合运用。（如时态+非谓语、语境+非谓语） 命题特点 1.语境为基、功能为先： 非谓语形式需根据“动词形式转换+语境逻辑”确定功能（目的/宾语/补足语），无脱离语法单纯考查。 2.重点突出、高频重复： (1)动词不定式作宾语 2023年短文填空66题，in是介词，后接动名词，填telling，作介词in的宾语。 (2)不定式作目的状语 2025年B卷短文填空大石板村振兴第3题，不定式to offer作目的状语。 (3)动名词作宾语 2024年B卷补全单词46题，根据固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，填hiking。 (4)其他考查点 it作形式主语, 动词不定式作主语的常见句型。（2024年真题A卷选择填空 第10题‌题目‌考查“It is + adj. + to do sth.”句型） 3.综合考查、考点融合： 常与介词(in/for)、固定搭配(enjoy/help等)结合，融入动词时态、从句、语境逻辑，考查”词汇筛查+非谓语变形+语义适配”的能力。（2024年短文填空63题，根据to a discussion、lead，结合空前助动词has，判断用动词的过去分词，构成现在完成时态，填led。） 命题趋势 1.题型稳定： 以“单项选择、补全单词、完形填空、短文填空”为主，完形填空、短文填空为核心题型。 2.语境升级: 选择更贴近生活的素材，如：劳动实践、学校活动、科技创新、非遗传承、低碳生活等。 3.考点聚焦： 非谓语动词的核心考点不变，延续近三年的重点知识进行考查。 4.语篇延长： B卷篇幅可能偏长，语境稍复杂，需结合语境逻辑判断非谓语动词。 命题预测 1. 高频考点： (1)不定式（高频考点） ①不定式作目的状语： to attract、to solve、to spread、to reach、to improve等。 ②动词不定式作宾语/宾语补足语： afford to do sth.、hope to do sth.、refuse to do sth.等。 (2)动名词（高频考点） be worth doing、enjoy doing sth.、be busy doing sth.等 (3)分词 ①现在分词 伴随状语：与逻辑主语是主动关系、表示动作同时发生。 宾语补足语：在感官动词后(see/watch/hear等)，表示动作正在进行。 后置定语：修饰名词，与名词是主动关系。 ②过去分词 过去分词作状语、过去分词表伴随状态。 2. 情境预测： (1)本土类：城市建设、非遗传承、乡村振兴、本土文化（杜甫草堂、武侯祠）。 (2)跨学科类：物理、化学、文学、历史等学科知识。 (3)生活类：校园活动、劳动实践、文体活动。 (4)科技类：科技创新、AI、短视频、文化传播、低碳生活、环保。 备考锦囊 1. 每日记5个高频搭配（分不定式/动名词），比如want to do、keep doing，隔天快速复习。 2. 每周做10道专项题（单选、短文填空，完形填空），整理典型错题，记错误点+正确用法。 3. 易错点： (1)介词（by/of/for）后必接doing（如improve English by reading books，不是to read）。 (2)动作和主语是主动用doing（the smiling girl），被动/完成用done（the broken glass）。 (3)make/see/hear等词：主动省to（He made me work），被动要还原to（I was made to work）. 4. 把错题按“不定式/动名词/分词”归类，重点关注错的搭配，比如反复记错的“be worth doing”，单独记1个例句（This book is worth reading）。 02·时空导航·网络构建 考点 非谓语动词的用法 ★知识点1非谓语的概念 动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 ★知识点2 动词不定式 一、动词不定式的构成 1.动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形。其否定形式是“not+to+动词原形 ”。 2.有 时 可 以 不 用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。 口诀助记： to后原形是肯定，to 前加not变否定; 可带宾、表、状语等，人称和数都不变; 兼有“形、名、副”性，谓语动词用原形。 二、动词不定式的句法功能 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。句中可以作宾语、 宾语补足语、状语、定语、主语和表语等。 1.动词不定式作主语 (1)动词不定式作主语的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式作主语通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词 用第三人称单数形式。当作主语的不定式(短语)较长时，通常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To keep healthy is a daily choice. 保持健康是一种日常选择。 (2)it作形式主语, 动词不定式作主语的常见句型 句型 例句 It is/was+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是……/某人做某事是……的 It is difficult for us to finish the task in an hour. =To finish the task in an hour is difficult for us. 我们要在一小时内完成任务很难。 It is/was+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的 It's not simple to master a new language. (=To master a new language is not simple.) 掌握一门新语言不简单。 It is/was+n.+to do sth. 做某事是…… It is your duty to take care of your younger brother. 照顾你的弟弟是你的责任。 It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth. 某人花多长时间做某事 It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school every day. 她每天步行上学要花二十分钟。 注意： ①有些动词(advise, ask,show,teach,tell等),其后可以接双宾语。 ②有些疑问词(组) (what,which,whose,how many,how much等),其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。 ③在“疑问词+不定式”结构前，有时也可以是形容词(sure,clear等)。 ④所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。 2.动词不定式作宾语 (1)常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词(短语) refuse拒绝 decide决定 would like想要 like喜欢 want想要 plan计划 offer提供 wish希望 pretend假装 hope希望 forget忘记 learn学习 agree同意 need需要 expect期望 promise承诺 afford承担得起 manage完成 try努力 help帮助 start开始 begin开始 prepare准备 choose选择 hate讨厌 fail失败 refuse拒绝 continue继续 prefer更喜欢 prefer更喜欢 (2)动词不定式作宾语的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式作及物动词的宾语。动词不定式作宾语且有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语 (动词不定式)后置。 I find it important to keep a balanced diet. 我发现保持均衡饮食很重要。 She thinks it necessary to learn a second language. 她认为学习一门第二语言是必要的。 动词不定式作介词的宾语，不定式一般不直接作介词的宾语，而是需要与疑问词构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 They are talking about how to solve the problem. 他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。 助记口诀： 常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词 需要拒绝莫忘记，(need、refuse、forget) 想要学习就努力，(want、learn、try) 希望帮助并同意，(hope/wish、help、agree) 喜欢决定后开始。(like、decide、begin) 3.动词不定式作宾语补足语 (1)常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 allow允许 order命令 teach教 warn警告 ask要求 decide决定 tell告诉 encourage鼓励 invite邀请 want想要 advise建议 expect期望 wish希望 force强迫 would like想要 (2)动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法 用法 例句 多数及物动词后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+动词不定式)。 The teacher asked us to read English every day.老师叫我们每天读英语。 在感官动词(see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)及使役动词(let, have, make) 后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但被动语态中，需要还原to。 I see him read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。[主动语态] He is seen to read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。[被动语态] 注意：help后面可以跟不带to的不定式，也可以跟带to的不定式。 4.动词不定式作状语的用法 用法 例句 作目的状语(表示某一动作或状态的目的)。既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。表示“为了……，以便……”。为了使表达更楚或对目的加以强调，可在动词前用in order to。 In order to keep healthy,we must have breakfast every day. 为了保持健康，我们必须每天都吃早餐。 In order to learn English well, he reads aloud every morning. 为了学好英语，他每天早上大声朗读。 作结果状语，常用的结构有so...as to do sth.(如此……以至于做某事)、enough to do sth.(足够……能够做某事)、too...to do sth.(太……而不能做某事)、only to do(不料，竟然)。 He isn't strong enough to lift the box. 他不够强壮，提不起这个箱子。 The box is too heavy to carry by myself. 这个箱子太重了，我一个人搬不动。 He rushed home only to find it was empty. 他匆忙赶回家，不料发现家里没人。 作原因状语，通常用于sorry,surprised,glad等表示情感的形容词后，常用的结构有be glad/sad /happy/sorry /pleased /surprised/ disappointed/ delighted/shocked to do sth.。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。 I’m sorry to trouble you. 我很抱歉麻烦你。 知识拓展： 作结果状语，有的结构可以同义转换： 1.too...to do sth...结构还可以转换为“so...that +主语+ can't/ couldn't do sth.”句型。 The book is too expensive to buy. →The book is so expensive that I can't buy it.这本书太贵了，我买不起。  2.enough to do sth.结构也可以转换为“so...that+主语+can/could do sth.”句型。 The boy is strong enough to carry the bag. →The boy is so strong that he can carry the bag.这个男孩够强壮，能拎得动这个包。 口诀助记： 不定式，用作状 “目的”、“结果”两最忙; “形+表”之后也出现，表示“原因”记心上。 5.动词不定式作定语 用法 示例 被修饰词与不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系。（若为及物动词，后接宾语；若为不及物动词，后不接宾语） She is always the first to arrive at school. 她总是第一个到学校。 （主谓关系） 被修饰词与不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系。（若为及物动词，后不接宾语；若为不及物动词，后加相应的介词再接宾语） I have a lot of homework to do tonight. 我今晚有很多作业要做。（动宾关系） I need a friend to talk with. 我需要一个朋友来交谈。 way，method等词后可用不定式作定语，也可用of doing作定语 This is the best way to improve/of improving your English. 这是提高你英语水平的最好方法。 两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面不定式符号可以省略 My mother asked me to go and visit my teacher. 我的妈妈叫我去看望我的老师。 知识拓展： 动词不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可表示某一过去的特定动作。 6.动词不定式作表语 用法 例句 动词不定式可跟在系动词后作表语，表示主语的具体内容、目的等。 Her ambition was to be a teacher. 她的志向是当一名老师。 动词不定式作表语通常可以跟主语进行位置互换。 My dream is to be a famous pianist. =To be a famous pianist is my dream. 我的梦想是成为一名著名的钢琴家。 7. 动词不定式作独立成分 (1)动词不定式作独立成分的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式还可用作独立成分，用于表示说话人的观点或态度。常用的动词不定式短语有:to be honest老实说；to begin/start with首先；to tell (you) the truth说实话。 To be honest,we don’t like him very much. 老实说，我们不太喜欢他。 (2)常见的作独立成分的动词不定式 to be honest 老实说 to tell you the truth 说实话 to begin/start with 首先 to be frank 坦白说 to speak frankly 坦诚地说 to conclude 最后；总而言之 三、“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构 疑问代词who、whom、what、which和疑问副词when、how、where放在动词不定式前，构成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，该结构在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。 What to do is an important question? 要做什么是一个重要的问题。 I can't decide who/whom to invite. 我决定不了邀请谁。 The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 注意：该句型可与宾语从句互换。例如： Can you tell me where to buy the scarf ? = Can you tell me where I can buy the scarf ? 你能告诉我在哪里买围巾吗? 四、动词不定式的特殊用法 用法 例句 too...to... 太……而不能…… The girl is too young to look after herself. 那个女孩太小而不能照顾他自己。 Why don't you +动词原形?=Why not +不带to的不定式? 为什么不……呢? Why don't you get her a photo album? = Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢? ...enough to... 足够……可以…… Tom is old enough to go to school. 汤姆足够大了,可以去上学了。 had better ( not)+不带to的不定式 最好(不要)做某事 You'd better do your homework carefully today. 你今天最好认真做作业。 Will you please+不带to的不定式? 请……好吗? Will you please close the door? 请把门关上好吗? prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不做某事 I prefer to stay at home rather than go shopping. 我宁愿待在家里也不去购物。 五、动词不定式符号to的省略 用法 例句 在感官动词(see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)及使役动词(have, make)作宾语补足语时，后接不带to的动词不定式，但被动语态中，需要还原to。 I see him read in the library. (主动语态) He is seen to read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。(被动语态) why (not)...后省略to的情况。 Why not have a try again? 为什么不问问老师? 在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的动词不定式可以省略to。 I helped him (to) repair his bike. 我帮他修自行车。 but、except之前有实义动词do的某种形式时，其后通常省略动词不定式符号 to,否则要带to。 I had no choice but to wait. 除了等，我没有别的选择。 He could do nothing but study hard. 他除了好好学习以外别无他法。 在并列结构中，为了避免重复，可省略后一个动词不定式符号to。但两个动词不定式有对照或对比的意义时，后一个to 不能省略。 I came not to scold but to praise you. 我来不是责骂你，而是赞扬你。 She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back. 她叫孩子待在那里，等她回来。 主语部分含有实义动词do时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。 例 The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。 What I'll do is (to) tell her the truth.我要做的就是告诉她真相。 ★知识点3 动名词 1.动名词的构成 基本形式为“动词原形+-ing”;其否定形式“not+动名词”。 2.动名词的句法功能 成分 用法 例句 作主语 动名词作主语一般表示习惯性、经常性的动作，有时也用it作形式主语，而把动名词后置。动名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。 Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。 作宾语 动名词既可作动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。 I like listening to English songs. 我喜欢听英文歌。(动词宾语) Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。 动名词作宾语时，若后接宾语补足语，常用形式宾语it。 Lily felt it no use arguing with him about the matter. 莉莉觉得和他争论这件事没有用。 作表语 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。 His hobby is planting flowers. =Planting flowers is his hobby.他的业余爱好是种花。 作定语 说明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。 I plan to watch English TV programs every weekend in order to improve my listening skills. 为了提高我的听力技能，我计划每个周末看英语电视节目。 易错点： 不定式作主语与动名词作主语时常可互换，但不定式作主语表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作，强调动作本身；动名词作主语所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强调事情本身；有时也可用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。 3.后接动名词作宾语的常考动词 avoid避免 consider考虑 mind介意 finish完成 imagine想象 suggest建议 enjoy喜欢 keep坚持 practice练习 4.后接动名词作宾语的常考短语/句型 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 be good at doing sth.擅长做某事 look forward to doing sth.期待做某事 thank you for doing sth.感谢你做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事 avoid doing sth.避免做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事很感兴趣 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 have+(no)problem/difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth.做某事(没)有困难 can't/couldn't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 记忆口诀： 完成练习值得忙， (finish, practice, be worth, be busy) 继续习惯可放弃；(keep on, be used to, give up) 考虑建议不禁想，(consider/suggest/can't help,feel like) 喜欢错过要介意。(enjoy,miss,mind) 5. 既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语的动词 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 regret doing sth.后悔做了某事 regret to do sth.对将要做的事感到遗憾 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 sth.need doing 某事需要被做 need to do sth.需要去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 continue doing sth.继续做同一件事 continue to do sth.继续做另一件事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember remember to do sth.记得去做某事 ★知识点4 分词 一、分词的构成与分类 1.分词的构成 =分词包括现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形+ -ing”构成；过去分词由“动词原形+-ed”构成，其否定形式为“not+分词”。但也有不规则的形式 。 2.现在分词与过去分词的区别； 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。例如：developing countries发展中国家；developed countries发达国家 3.形容词化的动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式 动词的-ing形式 动词的-ed形式 moving令人感动的 moved感动的 encouraging鼓舞人心的 encouraged受鼓舞的 puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 迷惑的 pleasing令人高兴/满意的 pleased高兴的，满意的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied满意的 tiring令人困倦的 tired疲劳的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited兴奋的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 satisfying 令人满意的 surprised 吃惊的 二、分词的句法功能 成分 用法 例句 作定语 现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语就是它所修饰的词。 The woman singing on the stage is my aunt. 正在舞台上唱歌的那位女士是我的姑姑。 The house built last year is very beautiful. 去年建造的那座房子非常漂亮。 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 The party was really exciting.  这个派对真的很令人兴奋。 The teacher is very tired. 这位老师非常疲惫。 作状语 分词作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。 Given more time, I can finish the task better. 如果被给予更多时间，我能把这项任务完成得更好。 作宾语补足语 现在分词可以在see,hear,notice, watch, feel, look at,listen to,observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词(短语)后面，作宾语补足语，表示与被补足的宾语或主语之间是主动关系。 I heard him singing in the classroom. 我听到他正在教室里唱歌。     过去分词作宾语补足语，与被补充说明的宾语或主语之间是被动关系。 We found the window broken when we got home. 我们到家时发现窗户被打破了。 易错点： 现在分词与过去分词的区别： ①在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。 如：a moving film一场感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 ②在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。例如： developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 03·题型通关·靶向突破 ★知识点5 中考题型及例题 考点一 题型破解 一、考点 1 非谓语动词的用法 考查题型1 选择类(单项选择、完形填空) 例题1 To help me get better grades this term, my mom warns me ________ too many computer games, and my dad suggests ________ more exercises. A．not to play; to do B．not to play; doing C．not play; doing 【答案】B 【解析】句意:为了帮助我这学期取得更好的成绩，我妈妈警告我不要玩太多电脑游戏，我爸爸建议我多做运动。考查非谓语动词。warn sb.not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”。故选B。 例题2 (节选改编)Another scientific study result shows that being thankful can bring people better sleep quality, better eating habits, and 1 the risk of getting sick. So being thankful is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? The answer is“Yes”. 1. A．dropping B．increasing C．having 【答案】1.A 【解析】本文主要介绍了表达感谢带来的好处。 1.句意：另一项科学研究结果表明，感恩可以给人们带来更好的睡眠质量，更好的饮食习惯，并降低生病的风险。dropping降低；increasing增加；having有。根据“being thankful can bring people better sleep quality,better eating habits,and...the risk of getting sick”可知，感恩可以给人们带来更好的睡眠质量，更好的饮食习惯，都是对人有益的，故是降低生病的风险。故选A。 二、考查题型2 填空类(单句填空、短文填空) 例题4 （2025·四川成都·一模）Besides losing yourself in an ocean of books and knowledge, s________ to exercise is also important. 【答案】(s)ticking 【解析】句意:除了沉浸在书籍和知识的海洋中，坚持炼也很重要。根据“Besides losing yourself in an ocean of books and knowledge....to exercise is also important”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指坚持锻炼也很重要，stick to“坚持”，是固定搭配，分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词形式，作主语。故填(s)ticking。 例题5 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测节选改编） In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge 1 (do) research. He really enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad illness after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was told to live for 2 years. Yet he went on working hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by himself, he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got married in 1965, then they had three children. 【答案】1. to do 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金的生平、成就以及他对中国的喜爱。 1.句意:1962年10月，史蒂芬来到剑桥大学做研究。根据“Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge ...research." 可知，他来剑桥的目的是做研究，此处应用不定式to do表目的。故填to do。 考点二 解题要点 一、考查题型1选择类(单项选择、完形填空)的解题方法： 1.判断固定搭配： 根据非谓语动词的固定搭配，结合语境、观察选项，判断出正确答案。 2.分析句子结构: 当题型考查动词不定式作目的状语，可以使用分析句子结构的方法，结合语境判断空处在句子中所作的成分，再结合语境选出正确选项。 二、考查题型2填空类(单句填空、短文填空) 的解题方法： 首先，阅读题干，观察题目是否已给出动词。题目如果已给出动词，应根据非谓语动词的用法来填出所给动词的适当形式。题目如果没有给出动词，那就要根据语境判断出应填写的动词。 04·优提精选·练能提分 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·二模）—Could you tell me ________ at Jinli Ancient Street in Chengdu? —Of course. You can enjoy traditional snacks and folk crafts (工艺品) there. A．what to eat and drink B．where to visit C．what to do 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）—Do you know ________ to register (注册) for the Chengdu Science Festival next month? —Yes, you can do it on its official website. A．when B．how C．what 3．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The man works so hard that he can afford ________ the computer next month. A．buy B．buying C．to buy 4．（2025·海南海口·三模）I really hope _________ a good high school to get further education. A．to enter B．entering C．enter 5.（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The cartoon movie Ne Zha 2 shows how important it is _______ the unfairness in the world. A．to fight B．to admire C．to accept 6．（2025·海南·模拟预测）—What do you want to write to your future self? —Keep working hard to be a scientist. It has always been your dream ________ the unknown. A．discovers B．discovered C．to discover 7．Thanks to Zhang Guimei, many girls in Yunnan Province from poor families can afford ______ school. A．attends B．to attend C．attended 8．—What are you going to do when you grow up? —A singer, but my parents wish me _________ a teacher. A．am B．to be C．will be 9．（2025·四川成都·一模）—Why do most companies put their advertisements on social media platforms, including Little Red Book, Bilibili and Douyin these days? —________ more consumers in a more effective way. A．To attract B．Attract C．Attracting 10．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Yuan Longping developed better rice plants ________ the problem of hunger. A．solve B．solved C．to solve 11．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模）Our school offers a new subject about batik (蜡染) art ________ our Chinese traditional culture. A．to spread B．spread C．spreading 12．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）Together with the government, many local people around the reserve are doing what they can _______ the endangered animals. A．save B．to save C．saving 13.（2025·福建三明·三模）—Doubao helps with spoken English. I wonder how I can use it ________ my pronunciation. —By practicing with others every day. A．to improve B．improving C．improve 14．（2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）Open online courses allow students all over the country ________ lessons at any time, from anywhere. A．to attend B．attend C．attending 15．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）—Mum, I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham! —Really? That’s just __________ to be true. Anyway, congratulations, Sam! A．good enough B．too good C．too well 16．—Zootopia 2 is well worth ________. —I think so. It has deep meanings about friendship and chasing dreams. A．being watched B．to watch C．watching 17．—Jingdezhen is such a beautiful city. What about _________ here for another two days? —Good idea! And then we can visit some other places of interest. A．remaining B．lying C．reaching 18．（2025·四川成都·二模）Ne zha 2 ________ by high technology, manages to present modern images of traditional characters and of Chinese culture. A．supported B．supporting C．is supported 19．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) ________ by Stephen Hawking. A．was written B．to write C．written 20．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—Children’s Day is coming. I haven’t decide ________ for little son. —Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present. It’s his favourite. A．what to buy B．where to buy C．how to buy 21.（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Peter’s Chinese was very poor when he came to China, so he couldn’t make himself ________. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood 22．（2025·四川成都·三模）Every day, I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels ________ more about Chinese culture. A．to learn B．learning C．learned 23．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）During rush hour, self-driving cars are smart enough to “know” ________ to slow down, stop or start again. A．what B．where C．when 24．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）—Why do we hold the class meeting? —_______ whether we should take a study trip to Sanxingdui or to Dujiangyan. A．To discuss B．Discussing C．Discussed 25．（2025·云南·模拟预测）The Chang’e-6 probe successfully collected samples from the far side of the moon, ________ a new record in lunar exploration. A．set B．setting C．to set 26．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）Huawei’s Hongmeng OS has become the world’s third-largest mobile operating system, ______ over 300 million devices. A．power B．powers C．powering 28．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）The river flowing through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing 29．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Kunqu ________ in Jiangsu Province is one of China’s oldest forms of opera and known for its pleasant singing. A．create B．created C．creating 30．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Our parents often tell us not ______ with strangers on the internet. —That’s true. As teenagers, we should learn to protect ourselves. A．to talk B．talking C．talk 31．（2025·云南昆明·三模）These days people spend lots of time ______ short videos on TikTok. I think it’s a waste of time. A．watch B．watches C．watching 32．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ online scams, police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more. A．Fight B．Fighting C．To fight 33．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 34．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）Nowadays more and more farmers learn ________ their fruits through Douyin. A．sell B．to sell C．selling 35．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Many tourists gather in Tian’anmen Square early in the morning to watch the _________ of the national flag. A．raising B．rising C．raises 二、单词拼写 1．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4, 2024, after c a six-month space station mission (任务). 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 3．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）The “Zebrafish Astronauts” mission will help scientists more about living in space. (了解) 4．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）My English teacher always encourages me with my classmates in English. (communicate) 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Being s by his classmates, Bill has more courage to give a speech for the whole school. 6．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）The young should do meaningful things instead of (play) with phones all day. 7．（2025·四川成都·一模）“Being independent” is a quality highly v in the US. So when kids turn 18, they usually move out of their parents’ house and begin to support themselves. 8.（2025·全国·模拟预测）I grew up in a modern city, so it took me a long time to get used to (live) in this small town. 9．（2025·云南昆明·三模）The Chinese government is making great efforts to achieve carbon neutrality. We should all play a part in the environment.  (protect) 10.（2025·四川成都·二模）We used to have three days off for the Spring Festival but four from 2025, with the eve of the festival i . 11．（2025·安徽淮北·三模）Sometimes, Jenny would like to s (分享) some wonderful photos on the Internet to show her love for the life. 12．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）My younger brother loves to animals and dreams of becoming a vet one day. (照顾) 13．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Every spring, people in my hometown gather in Jiming Temple to (欣赏) the flowers. 14．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）I look forward to e gifts with my friends because I like surprises from others. 15.（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）I am looking forward to (show) my wonderful dancing moves at our party. 16．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）Catherine pays attention to (read) English novels to improve her language skills. 17．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）This Spring Festival, the most eye-catching movie might be Ne Zha 2, (执导) by Jiaozi. 18．）Jingdezhen is famous for porcelain. Porcelain is the thin china (make) from a special material called clay. 19．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fantastic painting (display) in the museum is said to be painted by Van Gogh. 20．（2025·山东济宁·二模）B on the Chinese science fiction novel Three Body, the TV series tells a futuristic story. 21．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）Tom didn’t pass his driving test again. He had no choice but (practise) hard every day. 22．（2025·甘肃陇南·二模）David refused (go) to the concert with me because he had to prepare for the exam. 23．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The subway Line 6 Nanjing South Station to Qixia District Station will be in use in 2025. (connect) 24．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）M time wisely is increasingly important in such a busy world. It gives us more time. 25．（2025·江苏无锡·二模） (learn) how to do housework helps students look after themselves in daily life. 26．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）I think (eat) too much meat and watching too much TV are bad for our health. 27．（2025·江苏无锡·一模） (not finish) the team task before the deadline is often considered a sign of inefficiency nowadays. 28．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）If you have trouble (pronounce) these words, you can repeat until you are fluent. 29．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）Chinese people usually show their welcome and kindness by (shake) hands. 30．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）After c the exercise books carefully, the monitor told Mr. Smith how many students hadn’t handed in their homework. 三、短文填空 （一） （2025·浙江·二模节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 I feel very excited when we show our robots to students from other schools. We never win, but that’s not important. The other students like 1 (watch) our robot move. It feels great. I love Robotics Club. It’s a great place 2 (meet) new people. We make so many friends, not just with people from school. Robotics Club is for everyone. We meet in the school hall every Monday at lunchtime and every Thursday after school. Come and see us—we’re always happy to see new people! （二） （2025·贵州·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Maps have been an important tool for humans for thousands of years. They were first created to meet people’s basic needs. In the past, people needed maps to find directions. As society developed, people also used maps for traveling, exploration and trade. In ancient times, maps were drawn by hand. They were usually very simple. People used symbols and pictures to show important places and routes. As time passed, maps became more detailed (详细的). Some map makers started to use new methods 1 (create) maps. They included more information about the world in maps, such as the locations of cities and rivers. This made maps more useful for planning trips and looking for new places. （二） （2025·湖北武汉·三模）阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 When you need to remember something, do you write it down on paper? Probably not — it’s a lot more likely that you’d just type a note on your phone, right? Writing by hand is becoming less and less because of new technology. In 2016, Finland even stopped teaching handwriting in schools 1 (teach) typing instead. Is our move away from writing by hand influencing our brains? Researchers at the Norwegian University asked 36 university students to write down information using either a pen or a keyboard. They found the students’ brain connectivity patterns (连接模式) work much more actively when writing by hand than when using a keyboard. Past research has found that this connectivity is key to helping the brain make memories and record new information. Students can learn better by 2 (connect) both seeing information and feeling the movement of the body. （三） （改编节选）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rooftop farming, also 1 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture (水汽), cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which in turn lessens energy consumption and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 2 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of locally sourced food. （四） （改编节选）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review (综述) of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 1 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 2 (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 3 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give running/it a try. （五） （2025·江苏南京·模拟预测改编节选）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Wu Yaduo decided to start with texts from high school Chinese textbooks after n 1 that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school. In her videos, Wu focuses on bringing text and sound elements together. For example, her adaptation (改编) of A Dream of Red Mansions was inspired by a song with a sad tone (音调) from a Chinese band. “The line“one flower, one leaf, one spring tree” made me decide to first d 2 a Daguanyuan, which is an important setting in A Dream of Red Mansions, followed by a sad scene after the family’s downfall. I presented both images at the same time to c 3 a sense of pain and shock,”she added. 四、完形填空 （一） （2025·广东清远·二模节选改编）Shaine Kilyun is an American girl. In her free time, she builds wheelchairs for animals. So far, she has made 16 wheelchairs for homeless animals. When Shaine was in primary school, she started 1 pets. She had a dog and two cats at home. She also helped at animal hospitals. But she was sorry to hear that some animals were often put to death because they couldn’t walk and needed special care. “I should do something helpful for them!” she thought. 1．A．touching B．keeping C．selling D．treating （二） （2025·江苏常州·三模）Should robots have faces? Several years ago, a computer scientist named Maja Mataric had an idea for a new robot to help her in her work with sick children. How should it look? The robot would have arms to be able to lift things. And if it was going to communicate with people, it was also going to need a face. But what kind? Scientists know that we’re attracted to human faces. In fact, a huge part of our brainpower goes into seeing faces. 1 a robot a face helps people communicate with it as a clever machine—and makes them more likely to pay attention to it. （三） （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lily, a ninth-grade student, was excited when she received her math test back. She had scored 95/100! However, as she reviewed the paper carefully, she noticed a mistake. The teacher had accidentally seen two wrong answers as correct ones. Her real score should be 85. Lily’s heart beat heavily. She wondered whether to tell the teacher. Her parents always said, “Honesty is the best policy,” but she was afraid that her friends might laugh if her score dropped. After standing at the door of the teachers’ office for a while, she decided to 1 the truth to Ms. Brown anyway. Lily nervously walked to the teacher’s desk. “Ms. Brown, there’s something wrong in my test. I think I should let you know,” she said quietly. Ms. Brown checked and smiled, “Thank you for being honest, Lily. Not everyone would do this.” Then, she changed the score to 85. 1．A．tell B．write C．send （四） （2025·陕西榆林·模拟预测）My parents and I went to visit my grandparents during the Spring Festival. When I arrived at my grandparents’ house, I saw my grandparents 1 food in the kitchen. We greeted them warmly and gave our wishes to them. My grandparents gave me some lucky money, which made me very happy because it is believed to bring good luck. The red envelope (红包) was filled not only with money but also with the elders’ wishes for my health and happiness. 1．A．preparing B．creating C．holding (五) （2025·山东泰安·模拟预测节选改编）Xuan paper has been considered as “the king of paper”. It is known for its soft and fine texture (质地). The color of Xuan paper can be kept fresh and bright for a long time. Do you know how Xuan paper was produced for the first time? Kong Dan was a papermaker. His teacher was Cai Lun, the famous inventor of paper. One day, Kong Dan set off to travel around the country, 1 ways to make better paper. When he arrived in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, he found something. There was an old sandalwood tree lying across a(n) river. After years of washing by running water, its bark (树皮) turned white. Kong Dan was so excited to see this. He decided to find out the truth. At last, Kong Dan successfully created snow-white paper by using sandalwood bark and some other materials. Later, the paper became popular and was introduce to other places. Many calligraphers (书法家) and artists used it for writing and 2 . Thanks to Xuan paper, Chinese history and culture can be passed down over time. The skill of making Xuan paper has improved, but its production process is still complex (复杂的), including about 108 steps. In 2009, the skill was listed as UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 1．A．giving up B．looking for C．worrying about 2．A．sharing B．reading C．painting 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题09中考英语非谓语动词专项突破与高分训练 目 录 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 1 02·时空导航·网络构建 3 ★知识点1非谓语的概念 4 ★知识点2 动词不定式 4 ★知识点3 动名词 10 ★知识点4 分词 12 03·题型通关·靶向突破 14 ★知识点5 中考题型及例题 14 04·优提精选·练能提分 15 01·考情剖析·命题前瞻 考查维度 核心内容 核心考点 非谓语动词的用法 题型及 考法 一、单项选择、单句填空 1.动词不定式作宾语 2.宾语补足语 3.动词不定式作目的状语 4.动词-ing形式作宾语 二、单句填空、短文填空 1.动词原形（空格前已有to；省略to） 2.动词不定式 3.填动词-ing形式 命题理念 1.素养导向、聚焦语用： 非谓语动词考查结合真实语境，而非孤立考语法规则。 其语料多源于：科普知识（如2023年短文填空“植物发声”telling作宾语）、本土文化（如2025年短文填空“大石板村振兴”to offer作目的状语）、生活场景（如2024年B卷登山hiking）。 2. 分层设题、梯度分明： (1) A卷侧重非谓语考查“固定搭配+基础语境”。（如2024年补全对话46题，enjoy doing sth.，填hiking） (2) B卷侧重“语篇逻辑+非谓语功能”的综合运用。（如时态+非谓语、语境+非谓语） 命题特点 1.语境为基、功能为先： 非谓语形式需根据“动词形式转换+语境逻辑”确定功能（目的/宾语/补足语），无脱离语法单纯考查。 2.重点突出、高频重复： (1)动词不定式作宾语 2023年短文填空66题，in是介词，后接动名词，填telling，作介词in的宾语。 (2)不定式作目的状语 2025年B卷短文填空大石板村振兴第3题，不定式to offer作目的状语。 (3)动名词作宾语 2024年B卷补全单词46题，根据固定搭配enjoy doing sth.，填hiking。 (4)其他考查点 it作形式主语, 动词不定式作主语的常见句型。（2024年真题A卷选择填空 第10题‌题目‌考查“It is + adj. + to do sth.”句型） 3.综合考查、考点融合： 常与介词(in/for)、固定搭配(enjoy/help等)结合，融入动词时态、从句、语境逻辑，考查”词汇筛查+非谓语变形+语义适配”的能力。（2024年短文填空63题，根据to a discussion、lead，结合空前助动词has，判断用动词的过去分词，构成现在完成时态，填led。） 命题趋势 1.题型稳定： 以“单项选择、补全单词、完形填空、短文填空”为主，完形填空、短文填空为核心题型。 2.语境升级: 选择更贴近生活的素材，如：劳动实践、学校活动、科技创新、非遗传承、低碳生活等。 3.考点聚焦： 非谓语动词的核心考点不变，延续近三年的重点知识进行考查。 4.语篇延长： B卷篇幅可能偏长，语境稍复杂，需结合语境逻辑判断非谓语动词。 命题预测 1. 高频考点： (1)不定式（高频考点） ①不定式作目的状语： to attract、to solve、to spread、to reach、to improve等。 ②动词不定式作宾语/宾语补足语： afford to do sth.、hope to do sth.、refuse to do sth.等。 (2)动名词（高频考点） be worth doing、enjoy doing sth.、be busy doing sth.等 (3)分词 ①现在分词 伴随状语：与逻辑主语是主动关系、表示动作同时发生。 宾语补足语：在感官动词后(see/watch/hear等)，表示动作正在进行。 后置定语：修饰名词，与名词是主动关系。 ②过去分词 过去分词作状语、过去分词表伴随状态。 2. 情境预测： (1)本土类：城市建设、非遗传承、乡村振兴、本土文化（杜甫草堂、武侯祠）。 (2)跨学科类：物理、化学、文学、历史等学科知识。 (3)生活类：校园活动、劳动实践、文体活动。 (4)科技类：科技创新、AI、短视频、文化传播、低碳生活、环保。 备考锦囊 1. 每日记5个高频搭配（分不定式/动名词），比如want to do、keep doing，隔天快速复习。 2. 每周做10道专项题（单选、短文填空，完形填空），整理典型错题，记错误点+正确用法。 3. 易错点： (1)介词（by/of/for）后必接doing（如improve English by reading books，不是to read）。 (2)动作和主语是主动用doing（the smiling girl），被动/完成用done（the broken glass）。 (3)make/see/hear等词：主动省to（He made me work），被动要还原to（I was made to work）. 4. 把错题按“不定式/动名词/分词”归类，重点关注错的搭配，比如反复记错的“be worth doing”，单独记1个例句（This book is worth reading）。 非谓语动词的用法 ★知识点1非谓语的概念 动词的非谓语形式包括动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 ★知识点2 动词不定式 一、动词不定式的构成 1.动词不定式的基本形式：to+动词原形。其否定形式是“not+to+动词原形 ”。 2.有 时 可 以 不 用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。 口诀助记： to后原形是肯定，to 前加not变否定; 可带宾、表、状语等，人称和数都不变; 兼有“形、名、副”性，谓语动词用原形。 二、动词不定式的句法功能 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。句中可以作宾语、 宾语补足语、状语、定语、主语和表语等。 1.动词不定式作主语 (1)动词不定式作主语的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式作主语通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词 用第三人称单数形式。当作主语的不定式(短语)较长时，通常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置于句末。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 To keep healthy is a daily choice. 保持健康是一种日常选择。 (2)it作形式主语, 动词不定式作主语的常见句型 句型 例句 It is/was+adj.+for/of sb.+to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是……/某人做某事是……的 It is difficult for us to finish the task in an hour. =To finish the task in an hour is difficult for us. 我们要在一小时内完成任务很难。 It is/was+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的 It's not simple to master a new language. (=To master a new language is not simple.) 掌握一门新语言不简单。 It is/was+n.+to do sth. 做某事是…… It is your duty to take care of your younger brother. 照顾你的弟弟是你的责任。 It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth. 某人花多长时间做某事 It takes her twenty minutes to walk to school every day. 她每天步行上学要花二十分钟。 注意： ①有些动词(advise, ask,show,teach,tell等),其后可以接双宾语。 ②有些疑问词(组) (what,which,whose,how many,how much等),其后可以先接一个名词，再接动词不定式。 ③在“疑问词+不定式”结构前，有时也可以是形容词(sure,clear等)。 ④所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不定式连用。 2.动词不定式作宾语 (1)常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词(短语) refuse拒绝 decide决定 would like想要 like喜欢 want想要 plan计划 offer提供 wish希望 pretend假装 hope希望 forget忘记 learn学习 agree同意 need需要 expect期望 promise承诺 afford承担得起 manage完成 try努力 help帮助 start开始 begin开始 prepare准备 choose选择 hate讨厌 fail失败 refuse拒绝 continue继续 prefer更喜欢 prefer更喜欢 (2)动词不定式作宾语的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式作及物动词的宾语。动词不定式作宾语且有宾语补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语 (动词不定式)后置。 I find it important to keep a balanced diet. 我发现保持均衡饮食很重要。 She thinks it necessary to learn a second language. 她认为学习一门第二语言是必要的。 动词不定式作介词的宾语，不定式一般不直接作介词的宾语，而是需要与疑问词构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。 They are talking about how to solve the problem. 他们正在讨论如何解决这个问题。 助记口诀： 常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词 需要拒绝莫忘记，(need、refuse、forget) 想要学习就努力，(want、learn、try) 希望帮助并同意，(hope/wish、help、agree) 喜欢决定后开始。(like、decide、begin) 3.动词不定式作宾语补足语 (1)常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 allow允许 order命令 teach教 warn警告 ask要求 decide决定 tell告诉 encourage鼓励 invite邀请 want想要 advise建议 expect期望 wish希望 force强迫 would like想要 (2)动词不定式作宾语补足语的用法 用法 例句 多数及物动词后接带to的不定式作宾语补足语(动词+宾语+动词不定式)。 The teacher asked us to read English every day.老师叫我们每天读英语。 在感官动词(see,feel,hear,watch,notice等)及使役动词(let, have, make) 后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。但被动语态中，需要还原to。 I see him read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。[主动语态] He is seen to read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。[被动语态] 注意：help后面可以跟不带to的不定式，也可以跟带to的不定式。 4.动词不定式作状语的用法 用法 例句 作目的状语(表示某一动作或状态的目的)。既可放在句首，也可放在句尾。表示“为了……，以便……”。为了使表达更楚或对目的加以强调，可在动词前用in order to。 In order to keep healthy,we must have breakfast every day. 为了保持健康，我们必须每天都吃早餐。 In order to learn English well, he reads aloud every morning. 为了学好英语，他每天早上大声朗读。 作结果状语，常用的结构有so...as to do sth.(如此……以至于做某事)、enough to do sth.(足够……能够做某事)、too...to do sth.(太……而不能做某事)、only to do(不料，竟然)。 He isn't strong enough to lift the box. 他不够强壮，提不起这个箱子。 The box is too heavy to carry by myself. 这个箱子太重了，我一个人搬不动。 He rushed home only to find it was empty. 他匆忙赶回家，不料发现家里没人。 作原因状语，通常用于sorry,surprised,glad等表示情感的形容词后，常用的结构有be glad/sad /happy/sorry /pleased /surprised/ disappointed/ delighted/shocked to do sth.。 I’m glad to see you. 见到你我很高兴。 I’m sorry to trouble you. 我很抱歉麻烦你。 知识拓展： 作结果状语，有的结构可以同义转换： 1.too...to do sth...结构还可以转换为“so...that +主语+ can't/ couldn't do sth.”句型。 The book is too expensive to buy. →The book is so expensive that I can't buy it.这本书太贵了，我买不起。  2.enough to do sth.结构也可以转换为“so...that+主语+can/could do sth.”句型。 The boy is strong enough to carry the bag. →The boy is so strong that he can carry the bag.这个男孩够强壮，能拎得动这个包。 口诀助记： 不定式，用作状 “目的”、“结果”两最忙; “形+表”之后也出现，表示“原因”记心上。 5.动词不定式作定语 用法 示例 被修饰词与不定式构成逻辑上的主谓关系。（若为及物动词，后接宾语；若为不及物动词，后不接宾语） She is always the first to arrive at school. 她总是第一个到学校。 （主谓关系） 被修饰词与不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系。（若为及物动词，后不接宾语；若为不及物动词，后加相应的介词再接宾语） I have a lot of homework to do tonight. 我今晚有很多作业要做。（动宾关系） I need a friend to talk with. 我需要一个朋友来交谈。 way，method等词后可用不定式作定语，也可用of doing作定语 This is the best way to improve/of improving your English. 这是提高你英语水平的最好方法。 两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面不定式符号可以省略 My mother asked me to go and visit my teacher. 我的妈妈叫我去看望我的老师。 知识拓展： 动词不定式及其短语作定语，与其他短语作定语一样，一般都放在被修饰词之后，通常表示一个将来的动作，有时也可表示某一过去的特定动作。 6.动词不定式作表语 用法 例句 动词不定式可跟在系动词后作表语，表示主语的具体内容、目的等。 Her ambition was to be a teacher. 她的志向是当一名老师。 动词不定式作表语通常可以跟主语进行位置互换。 My dream is to be a famous pianist. =To be a famous pianist is my dream. 我的梦想是成为一名著名的钢琴家。 7. 动词不定式作独立成分 (1)动词不定式作独立成分的用法 用法 例句 动词不定式还可用作独立成分，用于表示说话人的观点或态度。常用的动词不定式短语有:to be honest老实说；to begin/start with首先；to tell (you) the truth说实话。 To be honest,we don’t like him very much. 老实说，我们不太喜欢他。 (2)常见的作独立成分的动词不定式 to be honest 老实说 to tell you the truth 说实话 to begin/start with 首先 to be frank 坦白说 to speak frankly 坦诚地说 to conclude 最后；总而言之 三、“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构 疑问代词who、whom、what、which和疑问副词when、how、where放在动词不定式前，构成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构，该结构在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等成分。 What to do is an important question? 要做什么是一个重要的问题。 I can't decide who/whom to invite. 我决定不了邀请谁。 The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开始。 注意：该句型可与宾语从句互换。例如： Can you tell me where to buy the scarf ? = Can you tell me where I can buy the scarf ? 你能告诉我在哪里买围巾吗? 四、动词不定式的特殊用法 用法 例句 too...to... 太……而不能…… The girl is too young to look after herself. 那个女孩太小而不能照顾他自己。 Why don't you +动词原形?=Why not +不带to的不定式? 为什么不……呢? Why don't you get her a photo album? = Why not get her a photo album? 为什么不给她买个相册呢? ...enough to... 足够……可以…… Tom is old enough to go to school. 汤姆足够大了,可以去上学了。 had better ( not)+不带to的不定式 最好(不要)做某事 You'd better do your homework carefully today. 你今天最好认真做作业。 Will you please+不带to的不定式? 请……好吗? Will you please close the door? 请把门关上好吗? prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不做某事 I prefer to stay at home rather than go shopping. 我宁愿待在家里也不去购物。 五、动词不定式符号to的省略 用法 例句 在感官动词(see, feel, hear, watch, notice等)及使役动词(have, make)作宾语补足语时，后接不带to的动词不定式，但被动语态中，需要还原to。 I see him read in the library. (主动语态) He is seen to read in the library. 我看见他在图书馆看书。(被动语态) why (not)...后省略to的情况。 Why not have a try again? 为什么不问问老师? 在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的动词不定式可以省略to。 I helped him (to) repair his bike. 我帮他修自行车。 but、except之前有实义动词do的某种形式时，其后通常省略动词不定式符号 to,否则要带to。 I had no choice but to wait. 除了等，我没有别的选择。 He could do nothing but study hard. 他除了好好学习以外别无他法。 在并列结构中，为了避免重复，可省略后一个动词不定式符号to。但两个动词不定式有对照或对比的意义时，后一个to 不能省略。 I came not to scold but to praise you. 我来不是责骂你，而是赞扬你。 She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back. 她叫孩子待在那里，等她回来。 主语部分含有实义动词do时，作表语的动词不定式可省略to。 例 The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。 What I'll do is (to) tell her the truth.我要做的就是告诉她真相。 ★知识点3 动名词 1.动名词的构成 基本形式为“动词原形+-ing”;其否定形式“not+动名词”。 2.动名词的句法功能 成分 用法 例句 作主语 动名词作主语一般表示习惯性、经常性的动作，有时也用it作形式主语，而把动名词后置。动名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。 Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟对你的健康有害。 作宾语 动名词既可作动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。 I like listening to English songs. 我喜欢听英文歌。(动词宾语) Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。 动名词作宾语时，若后接宾语补足语，常用形式宾语it。 Lily felt it no use arguing with him about the matter. 莉莉觉得和他争论这件事没有用。 作表语 多数情况下，动名词作表语可转换成作主语。 His hobby is planting flowers. =Planting flowers is his hobby.他的业余爱好是种花。 作定语 说明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于被修饰词之前。 I plan to watch English TV programs every weekend in order to improve my listening skills. 为了提高我的听力技能，我计划每个周末看英语电视节目。 易错点： 不定式作主语与动名词作主语时常可互换，但不定式作主语表示具体的某一次行为或将来的动作，强调动作本身；动名词作主语所表示的动作比较抽象，时间概念不强调事情本身；有时也可用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置。 3.后接动名词作宾语的常考动词 avoid避免 consider考虑 mind介意 finish完成 imagine想象 suggest建议 enjoy喜欢 keep坚持 practice练习 4.后接动名词作宾语的常考短语/句型 be busy doing sth.忙于做某事 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 be good at doing sth.擅长做某事 look forward to doing sth.期待做某事 thank you for doing sth.感谢你做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事 avoid doing sth.避免做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事很感兴趣 suggest doing sth.建议做某事 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事 have+(no)problem/difficulty/trouble (in)doing sth.做某事(没)有困难 can't/couldn't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 记忆口诀： 完成练习值得忙， (finish, practice, be worth, be busy) 继续习惯可放弃；(keep on, be used to, give up) 考虑建议不禁想，(consider/suggest/can't help,feel like) 喜欢错过要介意。(enjoy,miss,mind) 5. 既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语的动词 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 regret doing sth.后悔做了某事 regret to do sth.对将要做的事感到遗憾 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 sth.need doing 某事需要被做 need to do sth.需要去做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 continue doing sth.继续做同一件事 continue to do sth.继续做另一件事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember remember to do sth.记得去做某事 ★知识点4 分词 一、分词的构成与分类 1.分词的构成 =分词包括现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词原形+ -ing”构成；过去分词由“动词原形+-ed”构成，其否定形式为“not+分词”。但也有不规则的形式 。 2.现在分词与过去分词的区别； 现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。例如：developing countries发展中国家；developed countries发达国家 3.形容词化的动词的-ing形式和动词的-ed形式 动词的-ing形式 动词的-ed形式 moving令人感动的 moved感动的 encouraging鼓舞人心的 encouraged受鼓舞的 puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 迷惑的 pleasing令人高兴/满意的 pleased高兴的，满意的 satisfying令人满意的 satisfied满意的 tiring令人困倦的 tired疲劳的 exciting令人兴奋的 excited兴奋的 disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 失望的 satisfying 令人满意的 surprised 吃惊的 二、分词的句法功能 成分 用法 例句 作定语 现在分词作定语，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语就是它所修饰的词。 The woman singing on the stage is my aunt. 正在舞台上唱歌的那位女士是我的姑姑。 The house built last year is very beautiful. 去年建造的那座房子非常漂亮。 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。 The party was really exciting.  这个派对真的很令人兴奋。 The teacher is very tired. 这位老师非常疲惫。 作状语 分词作状语，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语。 Given more time, I can finish the task better. 如果被给予更多时间，我能把这项任务完成得更好。 作宾语补足语 现在分词可以在see,hear,notice, watch, feel, look at,listen to,observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词(短语)后面，作宾语补足语，表示与被补足的宾语或主语之间是主动关系。 I heard him singing in the classroom. 我听到他正在教室里唱歌。     过去分词作宾语补足语，与被补充说明的宾语或主语之间是被动关系。 We found the window broken when we got home. 我们到家时发现窗户被打破了。 易错点： 现在分词与过去分词的区别： ①在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义。 如：a moving film一场感人的电影 the moved people被感动的人们 ②在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。例如： developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 ★知识点5 中考题型及例题 考点一 题型破解 一、考点 1 非谓语动词的用法 考查题型1 选择类(单项选择、完形填空) 例题1 To help me get better grades this term, my mom warns me ________ too many computer games, and my dad suggests ________ more exercises. A．not to play; to do B．not to play; doing C．not play; doing 【答案】B 【解析】句意:为了帮助我这学期取得更好的成绩，我妈妈警告我不要玩太多电脑游戏，我爸爸建议我多做运动。考查非谓语动词。warn sb.not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”。故选B。 例题2 (节选改编)Another scientific study result shows that being thankful can bring people better sleep quality, better eating habits, and 1 the risk of getting sick. So being thankful is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives? The answer is“Yes”. 1. A．dropping B．increasing C．having 【答案】1.A 【解析】本文主要介绍了表达感谢带来的好处。 1.句意：另一项科学研究结果表明，感恩可以给人们带来更好的睡眠质量，更好的饮食习惯，并降低生病的风险。dropping降低；increasing增加；having有。根据“being thankful can bring people better sleep quality,better eating habits,and...the risk of getting sick”可知，感恩可以给人们带来更好的睡眠质量，更好的饮食习惯，都是对人有益的，故是降低生病的风险。故选A。 二、考查题型2 填空类(单句填空、短文填空) 例题4 （2025·四川成都·一模）Besides losing yourself in an ocean of books and knowledge, s________ to exercise is also important. 【答案】(s)ticking 【解析】句意:除了沉浸在书籍和知识的海洋中，坚持炼也很重要。根据“Besides losing yourself in an ocean of books and knowledge....to exercise is also important”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指坚持锻炼也很重要，stick to“坚持”，是固定搭配，分析句子结构可知，此处用动名词形式，作主语。故填(s)ticking。 例题5 （2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测节选改编） In October 1962, Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge 1 (do) research. He really enjoyed his time there. Unluckily, Stephen had a bad illness after his 21st birthday in 1963 and was told to live for 2 years. Yet he went on working hard to become an excellent scientist. Stephen didn’t live by himself, he fell in love with Jane Wilde and they got married in 1965, then they had three children. 【答案】1. to do 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名科学家史蒂芬·霍金的生平、成就以及他对中国的喜爱。 1.句意:1962年10月，史蒂芬来到剑桥大学做研究。根据“Stephen arrived at the University of Cambridge ...research." 可知，他来剑桥的目的是做研究，此处应用不定式to do表目的。故填to do。 考点二 解题要点 一、考查题型1选择类(单项选择、完形填空)的解题方法： 1.判断固定搭配： 根据非谓语动词的固定搭配，结合语境、观察选项，判断出正确答案。 2.分析句子结构: 当题型考查动词不定式作目的状语，可以使用分析句子结构的方法，结合语境判断空处在句子中所作的成分，再结合语境选出正确选项。 二、考查题型2填空类(单句填空、短文填空) 的解题方法： 首先，阅读题干，观察题目是否已给出动词。题目如果已给出动词，应根据非谓语动词的用法来填出所给动词的适当形式。题目如果没有给出动词，那就要根据语境判断出应填写的动词。 一、单项选择 1．（2025·四川成都·二模）—Could you tell me ________ at Jinli Ancient Street in Chengdu? —Of course. You can enjoy traditional snacks and folk crafts (工艺品) there. A．what to eat and drink B．where to visit C．what to do 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你能告诉我在成都锦里古街可以做什么吗？——当然。你可以在那里享受传统小吃和民间工艺品。考查疑问词+动词不定式。what to eat and drink吃什么和喝什么；where to visit去哪里参观；what to do做什么。根据“You can enjoy traditional snacks and folk crafts (工艺品) there.”可知，问句询问能做些什么。故选C。 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）—Do you know ________ to register (注册) for the Chengdu Science Festival next month? —Yes, you can do it on its official website. A．when B．how C．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你知道如何注册参加下个月的成都科技节吗？——是的，你可以在它的官网上注册。 考查疑问词辨析。when何时；how如何；what什么。根据“you can do it on its official website”可知，问句询问的是注册方式。故选B。 3．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The man works so hard that he can afford ________ the computer next month. A．buy B．buying C．to buy 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个人工作很努力，下个月就买得起电脑了。考查非谓语动词。buy买，原形；buying动名词或现在分词；to buy不定式。根据“afford”可知，固定搭配afford to do sth，意为“承担得起做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾语。故选C。 4．（2025·海南海口·三模）I really hope _________ a good high school to get further education. A．to enter B．entering C．enter 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我真的希望进入一所好高中继续深造。考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选A。 5.（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The cartoon movie Ne Zha 2 shows how important it is _______ the unfairness in the world. A．to fight B．to admire C．to accept 【答案】A 【解析】句意：动画电影《哪吒 2》展示了与世界上的不公平作斗争是多么重要。考查动词辨析。fight与……作斗争；admire钦佩；accept接受。根据“the unfairness in the world”可知应该是与不公平作斗争，而不是钦佩或者接受不公平。故选A。 6．（2025·海南·模拟预测）—What do you want to write to your future self? —Keep working hard to be a scientist. It has always been your dream ________ the unknown. A．discovers B．discovered C．to discover 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你想给未来的自己写什么？——继续努力成为一名科学家。探索未知一直是你的梦想。 考查非谓语。根据“It has always been your dream...the unknown.”可知，此处应用动词不定式作主语。故选C。 7．Thanks to Zhang Guimei, many girls in Yunnan Province from poor families can afford ______ school. A．attends B．to attend C．attended 【答案】B 【解析】句意：多亏了张桂梅，云南省许多来自贫困家庭的女孩能够上得起学。考查非谓语动词。afford to do sth“承担得起做某事”，为固定短语。故选B。 8．—What are you going to do when you grow up? —A singer, but my parents wish me _________ a teacher. A．am B．to be C．will be 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你长大后打算做什么？——一个歌手，但我的父母希望我成为一个老师。考查非谓语动词。wish sb. to do sh.“希望某人做某事”，固定短语，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 9．（2025·四川成都·一模）—Why do most companies put their advertisements on social media platforms, including Little Red Book, Bilibili and Douyin these days? —________ more consumers in a more effective way. A．To attract B．Attract C．Attracting 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——为什么如今大多数公司把他们的广告投放于包括小红书、哔哩哔哩和抖音在内的社交媒体平台上？——为了以一种更有效的方式吸引更多消费者。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Why do most companies put their advertisements on social media platforms”可知，此处是在询问投放广告的目的，要用动词不定式表目的。故选A。 10．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Yuan Longping developed better rice plants ________ the problem of hunger. A．solve B．solved C．to solve 【答案】C 【解析】句意：袁隆平开发了更好的水稻植物以解决饥饿问题。考查不定式作目的状语。solve解决，动词原形；solved解决，过去式或过去分词；to solve解决，不定式。此处表示动作的目的，应用不定式形式。故选C。 11．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·三模）Our school offers a new subject about batik (蜡染) art ________ our Chinese traditional culture. A．to spread B．spread C．spreading 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们学校开设了一门关于蜡染艺术的新课程来传播我们的中国传统文化。考查动词不定式作目的状语。spread传播；to spread动词不定式；spreading现在分词。根据“Our school offers a new subject about batik (蜡染) art…our Chinese traditional culture.”可知此处为动词不定式作目的状语，表示“目的是传播中国传统文化”。故选A。 12．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）Together with the government, many local people around the reserve are doing what they can _______ the endangered animals. A．save B．to save C．saving 【答案】B 【解析】句意：与政府一起，保护区周围的许多当地人正在尽他们所能拯救濒危动物。  考查不定式作目的状语。save拯救；to save去拯救；saving正在拯救。根据“are doing what they can to save the endangered animals”可推知，此处需要表示“为了拯救”的目的状语，不定式to do结构常用来表示目的。故选B。 13.（2025·福建三明·三模）—Doubao helps with spoken English. I wonder how I can use it ________ my pronunciation. —By practicing with others every day. A．to improve B．improving C．improve 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——Doubao帮助练习英语口语。我想知道如何使用它来提高我的发音。 ——通过每天与他人练习。   考查动词不定式作目的状语。to improve提高（不定式）；improving正在提高（动名词）；improve提高（原形）。根据“I wonder how I can use it…my pronunciation”可推知，此处需要用动词不定式表示目的，即“使用它来提高发音”。故选A。 14．（2025·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）Open online courses allow students all over the country ________ lessons at any time, from anywhere. A．to attend B．attend C．attending 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在线开放课程允许全国各地的学生随时随地听课。考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处是allow sb. to do sth.的结构，表示“允许某人做某事”，所以此处应该用不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 15．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）—Mum, I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham! —Really? That’s just __________ to be true. Anyway, congratulations, Sam! A．good enough B．too good C．too well 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我收到伯明翰大学的录取通知了！——真的吗？这简直好得让人难以置信。不管怎样，恭喜你，萨姆！考查too...to...和形容词。good enough足够好的；too good太好；too well太好（well作形容词，指身体状态，表“健康的”）。根据“I’ve got an offer from University of Birmingham”和“Really? That’s just...to be true.”可知，此处是指“收到伯明翰大学的录取通知”这件事太好了，因为太好了以至于不像是真的，too...to...“太……以至于……”，因此空处应是too good。故选B。 16．—Zootopia 2 is well worth ________. —I think so. It has deep meanings about friendship and chasing dreams. A．being watched B．to watch C．watching 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——《疯狂动物城2》非常值得一看。——我也这么认为。它关于友谊和追逐梦想有着深刻的寓意。考查非谓语动词。being watched观看，现在进行时的被动语态/动名词的被动形式；to watch观看，动词不定式；watching观看，动名词或现在分词。根据“is well worth…”可知，be worth doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“值得做某事”，在此结构中，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，即“某事值得被做”。be well worth watching意为“非常值得观看”。故选C。 17．—Jingdezhen is such a beautiful city. What about _________ here for another two days? —Good idea! And then we can visit some other places of interest. A．remaining B．lying C．reaching 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——景德镇是如此美丽的城市。在这里再待两天怎么样？——好主意！然后我们可以参观其他一些名胜古迹。考查动词词义辨析。remaining停留；lying躺下，说谎；reaching到达。根据“And then we can visit some other places of interest.”可知，两人想继续参观当地的景点，因此是提议在这里多停留几天，选项A的“remaining”符合题意。故选A。 18．（2025·四川成都·二模）Ne zha 2 ________ by high technology, manages to present modern images of traditional characters and of Chinese culture. A．supported B．supporting C．is supported 【答案】A 【解析】句意：《哪吒2》以高科技为支撑，展现了繁体字和中国文化的现代形象。考查非谓语。supported过去式或过去分词；supporting现在分词或动名词；is supported一般现在时的被动结构。根据“Ne zha 2...by high technology, manages to present…”可知，主语是“Ne zha 2”，逗号后的manages是主句的谓语动词。空格处需填入非谓语动词形式，修饰主语。supported是过去分词，表被动，构成分词短语“supported by high technology”，作伴随状语。故选A。 19．（2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·三模）Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time (《时间简史》) ________ by Stephen Hawking. A．was written B．to write C．written 【答案】C 【解析】句意：许多大学生喜欢阅读斯蒂芬・霍金所写的《时间简史》。考查非谓语动词。was written被写，一般过去时的被动语态，作谓语；to write去写，动词不定式，表示目的等；written写，write的过去分词，可作后置定语表被动、完成。根据“Many university students enjoy reading A Brief History of Time…by Stephen Hawking.”可知，此句已有谓语动词enjoy，句中不缺谓语，A 排除；这里“written by Stephen Hawking”作后置定语修饰“A Brief History of Time”，表示“被斯蒂芬・霍金写的《时间简史》”，表被动关系。故选C。 20．（2025·江苏徐州·二模）—Children’s Day is coming. I haven’t decide ________ for little son. —Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present. It’s his favourite. A．what to buy B．where to buy C．how to buy 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——儿童节快到了。我还没决定给小儿子买什么。——也许一个模型飞机是一个完美的礼物。这是他的最爱。考查特殊疑问词+动词不定式表达。what to buy买什么；where to buy去哪里买；how to buy如何买。根据回答“Perhaps a model plane is a perfect present.”可知，此处表示“买什么”，故选A。 21.（2025·黑龙江绥化·模拟预测）Peter’s Chinese was very poor when he came to China, so he couldn’t make himself ________. A．understanding B．to understand C．understood 【答案】C 【解析】句意：彼得来中国时中文很差，所以他无法让别人理解他。考查非谓语动词。根据“Peter’s Chinese was very poor”可知，彼得中文很差，不能使自己被人理解，make oneself done“使某人自己被……”，空处用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。 22．（2025·四川成都·三模）Every day, I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels ________ more about Chinese culture. A．to learn B．learning C．learned 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我每天花半小时阅读中国经典小说，以了解更多中国文化。考查非谓语动词用法。根据“I spend half an hour reading classic Chinese novels…more about Chinese culture.”可知空格处需用不定式（to do）表目的，表示“为了学习”的动作意图。故选A。 23．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）During rush hour, self-driving cars are smart enough to “know” ________ to slow down, stop or start again. A．what B．where C．when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在高峰期，自动驾驶汽车足够智能，能够“知道”何时减速、停车或重新启动。考查疑问词。what什么；where哪里；when何时。根据“slow down, stop or start again”可知是指知道何时进行这些操作。故选C。 24．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）—Why do we hold the class meeting? —_______ whether we should take a study trip to Sanxingdui or to Dujiangyan. A．To discuss B．Discussing C．Discussed 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我们为什么要开班会？——讨论我们是应该去三星堆还是都江堰进行一次学习旅行。 考查非谓语动词。To discuss讨论，动词不定式；Discussing讨论，动词现在分词形式；Discussed讨论，动词过去式。根据“…whether we should take a study trip to Sanxingdui or to Dujiangyan.”可知，此处指的是开班会的目的是讨论我们应该去三星堆还是都江堰进行一次学习旅行。动词不定式表目的。故选A。 25．（2025·云南·模拟预测）The Chang’e-6 probe successfully collected samples from the far side of the moon, ________ a new record in lunar exploration. A．set B．setting C．to set 【答案】B 【解析】句意：嫦娥六号探测器成功从月球背面采集样本，创造了月球探索的新纪录。考查非谓语动词。set创造，原形；setting创造，现在分词；to set创造，不定式。此处需用现在分词作伴随状语，表示“成功收集样本”的结果是“创造了新纪录”。用setting符合。故选B。 26．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）Huawei’s Hongmeng OS has become the world’s third-largest mobile operating system, ______ over 300 million devices. A．power B．powers C．powering 【答案】C 【解析】句意：华为的鸿蒙操作系统已成为全球第三大移动操作系统，覆盖超过3亿台设备。考查非谓语动词的用法。power为动词，意为“为……提供动力”。空处在逗号后，空前的句子已有谓语动词（has become），鸿蒙操作系统是“覆盖”设备的主体，因此空处需要用现在分词形式表示主动关系。故选C。 28．（2025·江苏淮安·一模）The river flowing through Huai’an is called the Grand Canal (大运河). A．flows B．flowed C．flowing 【答案】C 【解析】这条河流经淮安，名为大运河。考查非谓语动词。flows流，第三人称单数形式；flowed流，过去式或过去分词形式；flowing流，现在分词形式。分析句子结构和选项可知，应填现在分词形式flowing，作定语，修饰前面的名词river，表示流经淮安的河流，相当于定语从句which flows...。故选C。 29．（2025·江苏南京·一模）Kunqu ________ in Jiangsu Province is one of China’s oldest forms of opera and known for its pleasant singing. A．create B．created C．creating 【答案】B 【解析】句意：昆曲创作于江苏省，是中国最古老的戏曲形式之一，以其悦耳的歌声而闻名。考查非谓语。此句谓语是is，空白处应该填create的非谓语动词形式作后置定语，Kunqu与create是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故选B。 30．（2025·福建泉州·二模）—Our parents often tell us not ______ with strangers on the internet. —That’s true. As teenagers, we should learn to protect ourselves. A．to talk B．talking C．talk 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我们的父母经常告诉我们不要在网上和陌生人交谈。——确实如此。作为青少年，我们应该学会保护自己。考查动词不定式用法。tell sb. not to do sth. 是固定搭配，表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，因此空格处需填入动词不定式形式。选项中只有A项（to talk）符合语法结构，故选A。 31．（2025·云南昆明·三模）These days people spend lots of time ______ short videos on TikTok. I think it’s a waste of time. A．watch B．watches C．watching 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如今人们花很多时间在TikTok上看短视频。我觉得这是浪费时间。  考查非谓语动词。watch观看（原形）；watches观看（第三人称单数）；watching观看（动名词）。spend time doing sth表示“花时间做某事”，固定搭配，此处需用动名词形式作宾语。故选C。 32．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）_______ online scams, police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more. A．Fight B．Fighting C．To fight 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了打击网络诈骗行为，警方、银行和科技企业需要加强合作。考查非谓语动词。根据“police, banks and tech businesses need to work together more.”可知，警方、银行和科技企业需要加强合作的目的是为了打击网络诈骗行为，故此处用动词不定式表目的。故选C。 33．（2025·甘肃定西·模拟预测）I think it is necessary for college students _________ part in some social activities. A．take B．taking C．to take D．took 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我认为大学生有必要参加一些社交活动。考查非谓语动词。take动词原形；taking动名词形式；to take动词不定式形式；took过去式。“It is+形容词 +for sb.+to do sth.”是一个常见的固定句型 ，表达“做某事对于某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.”。在本题中，应用动词不定式“to take...”作真正的主语。故选C。 34．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）Nowadays more and more farmers learn ________ their fruits through Douyin. A．sell B．to sell C．selling 【答案】B 【解析】句意：现在越来越多的农民学习通过抖音卖他们的水果。考查动词不定式。sell卖，动词原形；to sell动词不定式；selling动词的现在分词形式。根据“learn”可知，learn to do sth意为“学习做某事”，固定短语。故选B。 35．（2025·江苏泰州·二模）Many tourists gather in Tian’anmen Square early in the morning to watch the _________ of the national flag. A．raising B．rising C．raises 【答案】A 【解析】句意：许多游客清晨聚集在天安门广场观看国旗的升起。考查动词辨析。raising举起，动名词形式；rising上升，动名词形式；raises举起，动词第三人称单数；rises上升，动词第三人称单数。根据“the...of”可知，此处应用动名词；“国旗的升起”是人为操作的动作，“raising”强调人为举起，而“rising”指自然上升。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4, 2024, after c a six-month space station mission (任务). 【答案】(c)ompleting 【解析】句意：在完成为期六个月的空间站任务后，神舟十八号飞船的宇航员于2024年11月4日安全返回地球。根据“The astronauts of Shenzhou XVIII spacecraft returned to the earth safely on November 4,2024, after…a six-month space station mission.”及首字母可知，此处指的是在完成为期六个月的空间站任务后，complete“完成”，动词；after“在……之后”，介词，后跟动名词。故填(c)ompleting。 2．（2025·四川成都·二模）Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to c your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on. 【答案】(c)onsider 【解析】句意：策划一场大型派对真的很让人头疼，因为你需要考虑宾客的喜好、人际关系等等。根据“Planning a big party is really a headache because you need to... your guests’ preferences, the relationship and so on.”可知，“宾客喜好、人际关系”这些是举办派对时需要去权衡、思考的因素，结合首字母此处用“consider”“考虑”，表达对这些因素进行权衡思考。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，故填(c)onsider。 3．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）The “Zebrafish Astronauts” mission will help scientists more about living in space. (了解) 【答案】learn/to learn 【解析】句意：“斑马鱼宇航员”任务将帮助科学家更多地了解太空生活。根据汉语提示可知，learn about表示“了解”，help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”，动词用原形。故填learn/to learn。 4．（2025·云南楚雄·二模）My English teacher always encourages me with my classmates in English. (communicate) 【答案】to communicate 【解析】句意：我的英语老师总是鼓励我用英语和同学们交流。根据“encourages me”可知，这里用到“encourage sb. to do sth.”这个固定搭配，意思是“鼓励某人做某事”，所以这里要用communicate的动词不定式形式。故填to communicate。 5．（2025·四川成都·一模）Being s by his classmates, Bill has more courage to give a speech for the whole school. 【答案】(s)upported 【解析】句意：在同学们的支持下，比尔更有勇气为全校发表演讲。根据“Bill has more courage to give a speech for the whole school.”可知同学们鼓励他，让他有勇气为全校发表演讲，support“支持”，和Bill之间是被动关系，用此处用过去分词。故填(s)upported。 6．（2025·吉林通化·模拟预测）The young should do meaningful things instead of (play) with phones all day. 【答案】playing 【解析】句意：年轻人应该做些有意义的事，而不是整天玩手机。“instead of”意为“而不是”，为介词短语，后面应接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。此处“玩手机”应为动名词形式。动词play的动名词是playing。故填 playing。 7．（2025·四川成都·一模）“Being independent” is a quality highly v in the US. So when kids turn 18, they usually move out of their parents’ house and begin to support themselves. 【答案】(v)alued 【解析】句意：“独立”是一种在美国备受重视的品质。所以当孩子年满18岁时，他们通常会搬出父母家，开始自力更生。根据“‘Being independent’ is a quality highly...in the US”及首字母提示，“独立”在美国备受“重视”，“value”有“重视；珍视”之意，且“quality”与“value”之间是被动关系，这里用过去分词作定语修饰名词quality。故填(v)alued。 8.（2025·全国·模拟预测）I grew up in a modern city, so it took me a long time to get used to (live) in this small town. 【答案】living 【解析】句意：我在一个现代化的城市里长大，所以我花了很长时间才习惯在这个小镇上生活。get used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，固定短语，所以空处用动名词。故填living。 9．（2025·云南昆明·三模）The Chinese government is making great efforts to achieve carbon neutrality. We should all play a part in the environment.  (protect) 【答案】protecting 【解析】句意：中国政府正为实现碳中和付出巨大努力，我们都应参与到环境保护中。play a part in doing sth.意为 “参与做某事”，介词in后接动名词，protect的动名词形式为protecting，故填protecting。 10.（2025·四川成都·二模）We used to have three days off for the Spring Festival but four from 2025, with the eve of the festival i . 【答案】(i)ncluded 【解析】句意：我们过去春节放三天假，但从2025年开始放四天假，包括农历除夕。句子意为“从2025年起，春节假期从三天增至四天，农历除夕也被包括在内”。空格处需表示“被包括”，且为被动语态。根据首字母提示“i”和语境，应填过去分词included，构成“with the eve of the festival included”的独立主格结构。故填(i)ncluded。 11．（2025·安徽淮北·三模）Sometimes, Jenny would like to s (分享) some wonderful photos on the Internet to show her love for the life. 【答案】(s)hare 【解析】句意：有时，珍妮想在网上分享一些精彩的照片，以此表达她对生活的热爱。share“分享”，like to do“喜欢做某事”，是固定搭配，空处应是动词原形。故填(s)hare。 12．（2025·云南昭通·模拟预测）My younger brother loves to animals and dreams of becoming a vet one day. (照顾) 【答案】take care of/look after 【解析】句意：我弟弟喜欢照顾动物，梦想有一天能成为一名兽医。根据中文提示，take care of/look after“照顾”符合题意，设空处前是不定式符号“to”，接动词原形。故填take care of/look after。 13．（2025·全国·模拟预测）Every spring, people in my hometown gather in Jiming Temple to (欣赏) the flowers. 【答案】enjoy/appreciate/admire 【解析】句意：每年春天，我家乡的人们都会聚集在鸡鸣寺赏花。根据汉语提示可知，enjoy“欣赏”，动词，空前有不定式符号to，因此这里用动词原形。故填enjoy/appreciate/admire。 14．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）I look forward to e gifts with my friends because I like surprises from others. 【答案】(e)xchanging 【解析】句意：我盼望与朋友们交换礼物，因为我喜欢别人送来的惊喜。根据“I like surprises from others”可知此处是指交换礼物，exchange“交换”，look forward to doing“期待做某事”。故填(e)xchanging。 15.（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）I am looking forward to (show) my wonderful dancing moves at our party. 【答案】showing 【解析】句意：我期待着在我们的聚会上展示我精彩的舞步。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，后接动名词形式。故填showing。 16．（2025·江苏无锡·三模）Catherine pays attention to (read) English novels to improve her language skills. 【答案】reading 【解析】句意：凯瑟琳注重阅读英文小说以提高她的语言技能。pay attention to“注意”，后接名词或动名词，应填reading。故填reading。 17．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）This Spring Festival, the most eye-catching movie might be Ne Zha 2, (执导) by Jiaozi. 【答案】directed 【解析】句意：今年春节，最引人注目的电影可能是饺子执导的《哪吒2》。根据所给的汉语提示可知，direct意为“执导”，空格处是非谓语动词，结合“by”，此处应用动词过去分词表示被动。故填directed。 18．）Jingdezhen is famous for porcelain. Porcelain is the thin china (make) from a special material called clay. 【答案】made 【解析】句意：景德镇以瓷器闻名。瓷器是由一种叫做粘土的特殊材料制成的薄瓷器。be made from“由……制成”，此处作后置定语修饰“the thin china”，表示被动和完成，应省略be动词。故填made。 19．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）The fantastic painting (display) in the museum is said to be painted by Van Gogh. 【答案】displayed 【解析】句意：这幅在博物馆展出的精彩画作据说是梵高所画。根据“The fantastic painting…in the museum”可知，是这幅在博物馆展出的精彩画作。在句子中，“displayed”作定语，修饰“painting”，表示画作是被展出的状态。由于画作是被展出的，因此需要使用过去分词形式来表示被动。故填displayed。 20．（2025·山东济宁·二模）B on the Chinese science fiction novel Three Body, the TV series tells a futuristic story. 【答案】(B)ased 【解析】句意：这部电视剧根据中国科幻小说《三体》改编，讲述了一个未来主义的故事。根据“…on the Chinese science fiction novel called Three Body,”及首字母可知，此处指基于小说《三体》改编的电视剧，base on“基于”，此空应填过去分词作状语，故填(B)ased。 21．（2025·江苏淮安·二模）Tom didn’t pass his driving test again. He had no choice but (practise) hard every day. 【答案】to practise 【解析】句意：汤姆又没有通过驾驶考试。他别无选择，只能每天刻苦练习。固定词组have no choice but to do sth“除了……别无选择”。故填to practise。 22．（2025·甘肃陇南·二模）David refused (go) to the concert with me because he had to prepare for the exam. 【答案】to go 【解析】句意：大卫拒绝和我去听音乐会，因为他要准备考试。根据“refused”可知，refuse to do sth意为“拒绝做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语。故填to go。 23．（2025·江苏扬州·三模）The subway Line 6 Nanjing South Station to Qixia District Station will be in use in 2025. (connect) 【答案】connecting 【解析】句意：连接南京南站和栖霞区站的地铁6号线将于2025年投入使用。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词且无连词，所以动词connect“连接”需要变为非谓语动词的形式。句子中 “subway Line 6”和 “connect”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式 “connecting”作后置定语。故填connecting。 24．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）M time wisely is increasingly important in such a busy world. It gives us more time. 【答案】(M)anaging 【解析】句意：在这样一个忙碌的世界里，明智地管理时间变得越来越重要。它给了我们更多的时间。根据“…time wisely is increasingly important in such a busy world.”可知，此处指的是明智地管理时间变得越来越重要。manage作动词，意为“管理”，此处应用动名词作主语，即managing，且位于句首首字母应大写。故填(M)anaging。 25．（2025·江苏无锡·二模） (learn) how to do housework helps students look after themselves in daily life. 【答案】Learning 【解析】句意：学习如何做家务有助于学生在日常生活中照顾好自己。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动名词形式，作主语，句首首字母大写，应填Learning。故填Learning。 26．（2025·甘肃陇南·一模）I think (eat) too much meat and watching too much TV are bad for our health. 【答案】eating 【解析】句意：我认为吃太多肉和看太多电视都对健康有害。根据“I think...too much meat and watching too much TV are bad for our health.”可知，本题考查动名词作主语，空格处与watching并列作宾语从句的主语，应保持词性一致，用动名词形式，故填eating。 27．（2025·江苏无锡·一模） (not finish) the team task before the deadline is often considered a sign of inefficiency nowadays. 【答案】Not finishing 【解析】句意：在截止日期前未完成团队任务通常被认为是效率低下的表现。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词形式，结合所给词，应用其否定形式“not+doing”。句首单词首字母大写。故填Not finishing。 28．（2025·江苏无锡·模拟预测）If you have trouble (pronounce) these words, you can repeat until you are fluent. 【答案】pronouncing 【解析】句意：如果你在发音这些单词时有困难，你可以重复练习直到熟练。根据“have trouble”可知，此处是have trouble doing sth“做某事有困难”，需用动名词形式。故填pronouncing。 29．（2025·甘肃张掖·三模）Chinese people usually show their welcome and kindness by (shake) hands. 【答案】shaking 【解析】句意：中国人通常通过握手来表示他们的欢迎和友善。shake是动词，by是介词，应用动名词作宾语。故填shaking。 30．（2025·四川成都·模拟预测）After c the exercise books carefully, the monitor told Mr. Smith how many students hadn’t handed in their homework. 【答案】(c)ounting/(c)hecking 【解析】句意：在仔细数完/检查完练习本后，班长告诉史密斯老师有多少学生没有交作业。此处应填动名词，根据“the monitor told Mr. Smith how many students hadn’t handed in their homework.”可知，应该是在数完或者检查完作业的情况下，checking“检查”或者counting“数数”符合语境。故填(c)ounting/(c)hecking。 三、短文填空 （一） （2025·浙江·二模节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 I feel very excited when we show our robots to students from other schools. We never win, but that’s not important. The other students like 1 (watch) our robot move. It feels great. I love Robotics Club. It’s a great place 2 (meet) new people. We make so many friends, not just with people from school. Robotics Club is for everyone. We meet in the school hall every Monday at lunchtime and every Thursday after school. Come and see us—we’re always happy to see new people! 【答案】1．watching 2．to meet 【解析】本文介绍了作者学校里的机器人俱乐部，包括俱乐部的活动内容、指导老师、比赛经历以及作者的感受等，表达了作者对机器人俱乐部的喜爱之情。 1．句意：其他学生喜欢看我们的机器人移动。根据“The other students like...our robot move.”可知，like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，应用watch的动名词watching作宾语。故填watching。 2．句意：这是一个结识新朋友的好地方。根据“It’s a great place...new people.”可知，此处应用动词不定式to meet作后置定语修饰名词place。故填to meet。 （二） （2025·贵州·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Maps have been an important tool for humans for thousands of years. They were first created to meet people’s basic needs. In the past, people needed maps to find directions. As society developed, people also used maps for traveling, exploration and trade. In ancient times, maps were drawn by hand. They were usually very simple. People used symbols and pictures to show important places and routes. As time passed, maps became more detailed (详细的). Some map makers started to use new methods 1 (create) maps. They included more information about the world in maps, such as the locations of cities and rivers. This made maps more useful for planning trips and looking for new places. 【答案】1．to create 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了地图从古至今的发展历程及其对人类生活的重要性。 1．句意：一些制图师开始使用新方法来创建地图。 use methods to do“使用工具来……”，此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。   （二） （2025·湖北武汉·三模）阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 When you need to remember something, do you write it down on paper? Probably not — it’s a lot more likely that you’d just type a note on your phone, right? Writing by hand is becoming less and less because of new technology. In 2016, Finland even stopped teaching handwriting in schools 1 (teach) typing instead. Is our move away from writing by hand influencing our brains? Researchers at the Norwegian University asked 36 university students to write down information using either a pen or a keyboard. They found the students’ brain connectivity patterns (连接模式) work much more actively when writing by hand than when using a keyboard. Past research has found that this connectivity is key to helping the brain make memories and record new information. Students can learn better by 2 (connect) both seeing information and feeling the movement of the body. 【答案】1．to teach 2．connecting 【解析】本文主要探讨了手写与键盘输入对大脑活动和学习效果的影响。 1．句意：2016年，芬兰甚至停止在学校教授手写，转而教授打字。根据“(teach) typing instead.”可知，是教授打字代替，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to teach。 2．句意：通过将看到的信息和感受身体的运动联系起来，学生可以更好地学习。介词by后面用动名词connecting。故填connecting。 （三） （改编节选）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rooftop farming, also 1 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend; it’s a step towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation help to absorb sunlight and release moisture (水汽), cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which in turn lessens energy consumption and carbon emission. Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 2 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of locally sourced food. 【答案】1．referred 2．teaching 【解析】 1．句意：屋顶农业，也被称为垂直农业，不仅仅是一种趋势；这是迈向环境保护的一步。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语rooftop farming与refer构成被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填referred。 2．句意：与此同时，屋顶农业作为教育平台，向城市居民传授可持续农业实践和本地采购食物的重要性。分析句子结构可知，空格处是非谓语动词，逻辑主语rooftop farms与teach构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填teaching。 （四） （改编节选）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review (综述) of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years longer than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long 1 (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 2 (die) early by running. While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 3 (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give running/it a try. 【答案】1．to see 2．dying 3．strengthen 【解析】本文主要介绍了跑步的好处以及相关事项。 1．句意：你不必跑得很快或很长时间才能看到好处。根据“You don’t have to run fast or for long … the benefit.”结合提示词可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 2．句意：你可以喝酒、抽烟、超重，但跑步仍然可以降低早逝的风险。根据“of”结合提示词可知，介词后应用动名词形式，因此用dying“死亡”。故填dying。 3．句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，做一些运动来增强你的腿部肌肉，避免爬山，买一双好的跑鞋。根据“to … your leg muscles (肌肉)”结合提示词可知，此处位于不定式符号to后，因此应用动词原形，strength“力量”，名词，其动词为strengthen。故填strengthen。 （五） （2025·江苏南京·模拟预测改编节选）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Wu Yaduo decided to start with texts from high school Chinese textbooks after n 1 that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school. In her videos, Wu focuses on bringing text and sound elements together. For example, her adaptation (改编) of A Dream of Red Mansions was inspired by a song with a sad tone (音调) from a Chinese band. “The line“one flower, one leaf, one spring tree” made me decide to first d 2 a Daguanyuan, which is an important setting in A Dream of Red Mansions, followed by a sad scene after the family’s downfall. I presented both images at the same time to c 3 a sense of pain and shock,”she added. 【答案】1.noticing/oticing 2.draw/raw 3.create/reate 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述四川成都17岁高中生吴雅朵用iPad将经典文学改编成手绘动画视频，让 1.句意：吴雅朵决定从高中语文课本的文本开始，因为她注意到很多学生对文学不感兴趣，只是因为他们是为了上学而不得不学。“after”是介词，后接动名词；结合“after n...that many students aren’t interested in literature simply because they have to learn it for school.”可知，此处表示“注意到”。故填noticing。 2.句意：“一花一叶一春树”这句诗让我决定先画大观园——《红楼梦》里的一个重要场景。“decide to do”是固定搭配，此处需填动词原形；结合“hand-drawn videos”可知，此处表示“画”。故填draw。 3.句意：我同时呈现这两个画面，以营造一种痛苦和震撼的感觉。"to”后接动词原形表目的，此处需填动词，结合“a sense of pain and shock”可知，此处表示“营造”。故填create。 四、完形填空 （一） （2025·广东清远·二模节选改编）Shaine Kilyun is an American girl. In her free time, she builds wheelchairs for animals. So far, she has made 16 wheelchairs for homeless animals. When Shaine was in primary school, she started 1 pets. She had a dog and two cats at home. She also helped at animal hospitals. But she was sorry to hear that some animals were often put to death because they couldn’t walk and needed special care. “I should do something helpful for them!” she thought. 1．A．touching B．keeping C．selling D．treating 【答案】1．B 【节选】本文讲述美国女孩Shaine Kilyun为残疾动物制作轮椅的故事。她因心疼行动不便的动物被安乐死，受网络视频启发学习制作轮椅，目前已帮助16只动物重获行动能力。 1．句意：小学时她开始养宠物。touching触摸；keeping养；selling卖；treating对待；治疗。后文提到她养了狗和猫(had a dog and two cats)，且“keeping pets”是固定搭配（饲养宠物）故选B。 （二） （2025·江苏常州·三模）Should robots have faces? Several years ago, a computer scientist named Maja Mataric had an idea for a new robot to help her in her work with sick children. How should it look? The robot would have arms to be able to lift things. And if it was going to communicate with people, it was also going to need a face. But what kind? Scientists know that we’re attracted to human faces. In fact, a huge part of our brainpower goes into seeing faces. 1 a robot a face helps people communicate with it as a clever machine—and makes them more likely to pay attention to it. 【答案】1．A．Showing B．Giving C．Providing 【解析】本文探讨机器人是否需要人脸，分析人类对机器人外观的心理反应，指出过于拟真可能引发恐惧感。 1．句意：给机器人一张脸，有助于人们将它视为一台聪明的机器进行沟通，并且使他们更可能关注到它。 Showing展示；Giving给；Providing提供。根据“a robot a face”可知，是give sb sth“给某人某物”。故选B。 （三） （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测节选改编）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lily, a ninth-grade student, was excited when she received her math test back. She had scored 95/100! However, as she reviewed the paper carefully, she noticed a mistake. The teacher had accidentally seen two wrong answers as correct ones. Her real score should be 85. Lily’s heart beat heavily. She wondered whether to tell the teacher. Her parents always said, “Honesty is the best policy,” but she was afraid that her friends might laugh if her score dropped. After standing at the door of the teachers’ office for a while, she decided to 1 the truth to Ms. Brown anyway. Lily nervously walked to the teacher’s desk. “Ms. Brown, there’s something wrong in my test. I think I should let you know,” she said quietly. Ms. Brown checked and smiled, “Thank you for being honest, Lily. Not everyone would do this.” Then, she changed the score to 85. 1．A．tell B．write C．send 【答案】1．A 【解析】本文叙述了九年级学生莉莉在数学测试中发现老师误判分数后，经过内心挣扎最终选择诚实告知老师，进而获得老师和同学们认可的故事。句意：在教师办公室门口站了一会儿后，她还是决定把真相告诉布朗老师。tell告诉；write写；send发送。根据“she decided to…the truth to Ms. Brown anyway.”可知，这里是tell the truth，意为“说出真相”，此处表达莉莉要向老师说明真相，故选A。 （四） （2025·陕西榆林·模拟预测）My parents and I went to visit my grandparents during the Spring Festival. When I arrived at my grandparents’ house, I saw my grandparents 1 food in the kitchen. We greeted them warmly and gave our wishes to them. My grandparents gave me some lucky money, which made me very happy because it is believed to bring good luck. The red envelope (红包) was filled not only with money but also with the elders’ wishes for my health and happiness. 1．A．preparing B．creating C．holding 【答案】1．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者春节期间和父母一起去看望祖父母，在祖父母家一起包饺子、吃团圆饭的温馨经历，体现了这个节日对家庭团聚的重要性。 1．句意：当我到达祖父母家时，我看到祖父母正在厨房准备食物。preparing准备；creating创造；holding拿着。根据“When I arrived at my grandparents’ house”以及“food in the kitchen”可知，此处指看到祖父母正在厨房准备食物，“prepare food”表示“准备食物”。故选A。 (五) （2025·山东泰安·模拟预测节选改编）Xuan paper has been considered as “the king of paper”. It is known for its soft and fine texture (质地). The color of Xuan paper can be kept fresh and bright for a long time. Do you know how Xuan paper was produced for the first time? Kong Dan was a papermaker. His teacher was Cai Lun, the famous inventor of paper. One day, Kong Dan set off to travel around the country, 1 ways to make better paper. When he arrived in Xuanzhou, Anhui Province, he found something. There was an old sandalwood tree lying across a(n) river. After years of washing by running water, its bark (树皮) turned white. Kong Dan was so excited to see this. He decided to find out the truth. At last, Kong Dan successfully created snow-white paper by using sandalwood bark and some other materials. Later, the paper became popular and was introduce to other places. Many calligraphers (书法家) and artists used it for writing and 2 . Thanks to Xuan paper, Chinese history and culture can be passed down over time. The skill of making Xuan paper has improved, but its production process is still complex (复杂的), including about 108 steps. In 2009, the skill was listed as UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 1．A．giving up B．looking for C．worrying about 2．A．sharing B．reading C．painting 【答案】1．B 2．C 【解析】本文介绍宣纸的特点、历史制作过程及其文化价值。 1．句意：因此，孔丹出发环游全国，寻找制造更好纸张的方法。 giving up放弃；looking for寻找；worrying about担心。根据“One day, Kong Dan set off to travel around the country... ways to make better paper.”可知，这里表示孔丹出发环游全国是为了寻找制造更好纸张的方法。故选B。 2．句意：书法家和艺术家用它来书写和绘画。 sharing分享；reading阅读；painting绘画。根据“Many calligraphers (书法家) and artists used it for writing and ...”可知，这里表示书法家和艺术家用它来书写和 绘画。与“artists”搭配，“painting”最合理。故选C。 1 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $