Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar & Writing（教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第三册高中同步学案（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦动词-ing形式作定语和表语核心语法点，系统梳理动名词表属性用途、现在分词表主动进行的用法差异，涵盖位置规律、功能转换及考查方向，辅以语法填空、句型转换等练习搭建学习支架。 资料以“语法讲解+写作指导”双线设计，通过对比分析动名词与现在分词培养思维品质，结合活动类记叙文范文及实用表达提升语言能力。课中助力教师分层教学，课后练习帮助学生巩固语法规则与写作技巧，有效查漏补缺。

Grammar & Writing 动词ing形式(的短语)作定语和表语 要点①　动词ing形式(的短语)作定语 动词ing形式有两类：动名词和现在分词。 (1)动名词(短语)作定语，表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途，作“供……用”讲，相当于含介词for的短浯，常置于被修饰词之前。如： a swimming pool＝a pool for swimming游泳池 a reading room＝a room for reading阅览室 a washing machine＝a machine for washing洗衣机 a walking stick＝a stick for walking拐杖 (2)现在分词(短语)作定语 ①位置 现在分词形式作定语在句中通常有两个位置：如果是单个的现在分词形式作定语，常放在被修饰词之前作前置定语；如果是现在分词形式的短语作定语，则常放在被修饰词之后作后置定语。 He is an attacking player. 他是一个攻击型的运动员。 He asked an embarrassing question. 他提了一个令人难堪的问题。 A little child learning to walk often falls. 学走路的小孩常常摔跤。 Do you know the number of people coming to the party? 你知道来参加晚会的人数吗？ ②功能 表示被修饰词的动作或状态，被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，相当于一个定语从句。 a sleeping baby＝a baby who is sleeping 一个正在睡觉的婴儿 The boy standing by the window is my classmate. ＝The boy who is standing by the window is my classmate. 站在窗户旁边的那个男孩是我的同班同学。 The girl performing on the stage has a gift for dance. ＝The girl who is performing on the stage has a gift for dance. 正在舞台上表演的那个女孩有舞蹈天赋。 A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday. ＝A young man who writes novels came to speak to us yesterday. 一位写小说的青年昨天来向我们做报告。 The girl sitting next to me was my cousin. ＝The girl who was sitting next to me was my cousin. 坐在我旁边的女孩是我表妹。 (3)动词ing形式作定语的考查方向 ①说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。 They set up an operating table in a small temple. 他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。 He may be in the reading room，for all I know. 就我所知，他说不定在阅览室里。 Ladies and gentlemen，please go and wait in the meeting room. 女士们、先生们，请去会议室等待。 ②与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。 There were about 200 children studying in the art school. 有大约200个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。 Who is the woman talking to our English teacher? 正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？ ③有些动词ing形式已经转化成形容词，常作定语，用来修饰物，表示“令人……的”。常用的此类词有exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。 That must have been a terrifying experience. 那一定是一段可怕的经历。 The experiment was an amazing success. 那项实验是一个惊人的成功。 【注意】　 动词ing形式作定语时，如果被修饰词与它是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即being done。being done通常表示正在被做，常作后置定语。 The tall building being built now is our new school. 正在被建的那座高楼是我们的新学校。 The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster. 正在被讨论的那个问题是校长提出来的。 (4)在下列情况下，不能用现在分词(短语)作定语，应使用定语从句： ①作定语的现在分词(短语)表示的动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作不是同时发生时，要使用定语从句。 昨天来这儿的那位教授将给我们做讲座。 The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(×) The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(√) ②现在分词(短语)的完成式having done一般只用来作状语，不作定语。 被地震破坏的庙宇很快将被重建。 The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(×) The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon.(√) Ⅰ.语法填空 1．Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain，still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching (ache) legs. 2．His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.He said he became just as nervous as those playing (play) instruments on stage. 3．Today there are more airplanes carrying(carry) more people than ever before in the skies. 4．Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home，there was a pile of mail waiting(wait) for her. 5．There is a swimming(swim)pool in our school. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．The students working in the country will be back tomorrow. →The students who are working in the country will be back tomorrow. 2．The building being built now will be our library. →The building that/which is being built now will be our library. 要点②　动词ing形式(的短语)作表语 (1)表示抽象的一般性行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。 My favourite sport is swimming. ＝Swinming is my favourite sport. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。 (2)动词ing形式(的短语)作表语，表示主语的某种性质和特征，这类分词通常可以看作形容词。作表语的现在分词(短语)，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类词有“令人……的”的含义，常修饰物。 She found her job very boring. 她觉得自己的工作很无聊。 The news is quite shocking. 这则消息很令人震惊。 His letter poses a number of puzzling questions. 他在信中提出了几个令人迷惑不解的问题。 Ⅲ.语法填空 1．People want to listen to someone who is interesting (interest)，relaxed and comfortable. 2．Landing on the moon's far side is extremely challenging(challenge). Ⅳ.单句语法填空 1．My hobby is collecting (collect) stamps. 2．What you said is really inspiring (inspire). 3．What I am tired of is waiting (wait) here alone. 4．One of his shortcomings is lying (lie). 5．My brother was very disappointed to hear the disappointing news.(disappoint) 6．All of them were interested in the film because it was really interesting．(interest) 如何写描述活动类的记叙文 描述活动类的记叙文以叙述事件为主，着重记述事件发生的时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。写作时应注意的问题如下： 1．选用正确的时态。常用的时态是一般过去时和过去进行时，但也要注意灵活运用其他时态。 2．叙事类记叙文开篇应该交代事件的背景，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)。 3．明确文章结构。文章可分若干段来写，但是其主体应该包括：事件的起因(why)、经过(how)和结果(what)。 4．选用主体人称。此类文章常常使用第一人称和第三人称，第一人称以参与者的身份进行叙述，第三人称以观察者的身份进行叙述。 5．要重视句子之间以及段落之间的衔接，用好过渡词。 1．交代时间的常用表达 one day; the other day; last week; last month; a few days/weeks/months ago; when I was ...years old; a long time ago; during the summer holidays; on Sunday morning 2．交代地点的常用表达 in my office; on the way to school; on the way home; at the crossing; at the end of the street; at the foot of the mountain; at the airport 3．交代时间地点和相关人物的典型句型 sb.was doing ...in someplace when ... sb.was about to do ...when ... ＝sb.was on the point of doing ...when ... sb.had just done ...when ... 4．推动情节发展(事情经过)的常用词汇和常用句型 then; suddenly; immediately; no sooner ...than ...；hardly ...when ...; while; when; as; not ...until ... At that moment，sb.did sth. Then sb.did sth. 5．介绍故事的结果或谈自己感想的常用词汇和常用句型 at last; finally; luckily/fortunately; to one's surprise；feel tired/delighted Personally，I think that ... What surprised/attracted/delighted us most was that ... Tired as we were，we learned what we couldn't learn in/at school. Through this meaningful activity，we learned something that can't be learned in class. I was deeply impressed/moved/touched by ... I learned a lot from ... What an unforgettable experience! 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，为校刊《英语园地》写一篇短文，讲述上周你校高三年级举行趣味运动会的过程。 参考词汇：趣味运动会fun sports meeting；两人三足比赛threelegged race 第一步：审题。 体裁：记叙文。 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时。 结构：总—分。 要求：讲述上周你校高三年级举行趣味运动会的过程。 第二步：素材准备(重点短语)。 senior three高三；hold举行；aiming to目的是；fun sports meeting趣味运动会；threelegged race两人三足比赛；registered for报名；filled with；laughter and cheers欢声笑语；felt proud and excited；get involved in 第三步：连词成句。 1．Last week，our grade held a fun sports meeting aiming to relieve us senior three students from pressure and heavy school work. 2．Upon hearing the news，I，together with my best friend，registered for the threelegged race excitedly. 3．The playground was filled with our schoolmates' laughter and cheers. 4．Standing on the platform，we felt proud and excited with the thunderous applause from our classmates. 5．By getting involved in the game，we got not only a little leisure from our busy school life but the joy of working together with others. 根据提示及关键词(组)遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇。 1．文章应按顺序描写，依次交代以下内容要点：活动的时间、活动的地点、活动的内容、活动的意义。 2．适当添加细节，使文章丰满起来。 3．运用连接词，使文章衔接自然。 第五步：润色修改。 Last week，our grade held a fun sports meeting aiming to relieve us senior three students from pressure and heavy school work. On Monday morning，we were told that a fun sports meeting would be held on the school playground on Friday afternoon.Upon hearing the news，I，together with my best friend，registered for the threelegged race excitedly. The threelegged race required effective cooperation between teammates.Thus，during the following days，we practised the game after school.Under the guidance of our classmates，we mastered the skills and got prepared. Then came the big day.With my left foot and my friend's right foot tied together，we set out quickly as soon as our PE teacher blew his whistle.Arm in arm，we managed to run fast at the same pace.The playground was filled with our schoolmates' laughter and cheers.A few minutes later，we crossed the finishing line.We did a really good job and won the first prize.Standing on the platform, we felt proud and excited with the thunderous applause from our classmates. By getting involved in the game，we got not only a little leisure from our busy school life but also the joy of working together with others. 范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，逻辑关系合理。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和高端句式，如非谓语动词、宾语从句等，这些都为文章增色添彩。 假如你叫李华，你的美国网友Jim发来一封e­mail，向你了解我国传统节日端午节的情况，请你根据中文提示利用本单元学过的词汇写一封电子文档发给他。 节日日期：中国农历五月初五 节日由来：爱国诗人屈原——投江自尽——划船找他的尸体——往江中扔食物(粽子)。 节日活动：家人团聚，观看龙船比赛，吃粽子，纪念先人。 生词提示：端午节The Dragon Boat Festival/Duanwu Festival；农历Lunar calendar；自杀commit suicide；汨罗江Miluo River Dear Jim， Thanks for your interest in my country's traditional festivals, and I'm delighted to introduce The Dragon Boat Festival to you. Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Jim， Thanks for your interest in my country's traditional festivals, and I'm delighted to introduce The Dragon Boat Festival to you. The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month according to Chinese Lunar calendar. The festival is said to be in honour of Qu Yuan, a great poet who committed suicide by drowning himself in Miluo River.The folks threw zongzi into the river to prevent fish from eating his body.Later it became a custom for people to eat zongzi and watch dragon boat races on that day. As far as I am concerned, this festival is a chance for people not only to have a day to have fun, but also a day to recall the memories of our ancestors. Yours， Li Hua [基础通关] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．John's bad habit is reading(read) without thorough understanding. 2．It was amazing(amaze)that our class won second place and our efforts paid off. 3．Today there are more airplanes carrying (carry) more people than ever before in the sky. 4．As I was about to give up hope，a man driving(drive) an old car came to my aid. 5．Actually，it is quite normal for the average people living (live) in a city to see several dozen ads every day. 6．Tom sat in the doctor's waiting(wait) room.There were many patients there. 7．When I was a child，going to hospital was a very frightening(frighten) thing to me. 8．The speaker made such a moving(move)speech that it left a deep impression on me. 9．The marathon is an exciting event in any year and each time I am very excited to take part in it.(excite) 10．That is a shop dealing in walking(walk) sticks. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下，但她还是站着。 She remained standing though we repeatedly asked her to sit down. 2．菲比前几天收到一封电子邮件，说她叔叔要来看她。 Phoebe received an e­mail the other day saying her uncle was coming to visit her． 3．树下有一个男孩儿正在睡觉。 There is a sleeping boy under the tree. 4．阅览室里任何人不得大声说话。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room． 5．正在这里建的房屋是汤姆的。 The house being built here belongs to Tom. Ⅲ.合并句子(用动词ing形式把两个句子合成一句) 1．Do you know the boy? The boy is playing basketball. 答案　Do you know the boy playing basketball? 2．Is the wallet yours? The wallet lies on the ground. 答案　Is the wallet lying on the ground yours? 3．He stayed in the room for about an hour during the operation.The room is used for waiting. 答案　He stayed in the waiting room for about an hour during the operation. 4．Peter received a letter.The letter said his grandma would come to see him soon. 答案　Peter received a letter saying his grandma would come to see him soon. 5．He is a student.He works hard at his studies. 答案　He is a student working hard at his studies. Ⅳ.将下列句子改为同义句 1．Watch the men who are coming this way. →Watch the men ． 答案　coming this way 2．The dog that drank the polluted water yesterday is dead. →The dog is dead ． 答案　because of drinking the polluted water yesterday 3．The baby who is crying makes me annoyed. → makes me annoyed. 答案　The crying baby 4．The result made us disappointed. →The result to us. 答案　was disappointing 5．The sun that is rising looks beautiful. → looks beautiful. 答案　The rising sun Ⅴ.单句写作(用动词ing形式作定语和表语的句子简要介绍你妈妈的工作) 1．妈妈的工作是在超市里卖水果。(动词ing形式作表语) 答案　My mother's job is selling fruit in a supermarket. 2．这些水果种类繁多，从常见的苹果、梨到进口的水果。(动词ing形式作定语) 答案　There are all kinds of fruits，ranging from common apples and pears to imported fruit. 3．妈妈经常给我们带一些卖得好的水果让我们品尝。(动词ing形式作定语) 答案　My mother often brings us some fruit that sells well and lets us have a good taste of it. 4．虽然一些人认为我妈妈的工作是无聊的，但我认为她的工作是有意义的。(动词ing形式作表语) 答案　Though some people think my mother's job is boring，I think it is meaningful. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $