内容正文:
专题04 七下Units 5-8(复习讲义)(沪教牛津版教材梳理)
目 录
01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02思维导图·网络构建 2
03考点通关·靶向突破 2
考点1 重点词汇 2
考点2 易混词辨析 3
考点3 重点句型 10
考点4 重点语法 15
04优题精选·练能提分 21
考点
课标要求
复习目标
重点单词
· 掌握重点词汇:waste;add; chemical;valuable;return;rise,connect,order,hurry,crowd,busy ,host,agree(disagree),achieve,decide,alone,的用法
1.精准掌握重点单词的拼写、词义与固定搭配,能在语境中熟练运用;清晰区分易混词 / 短语的用法差异,避免常见错误。
2.能准确识别、理解并灵活套用重点句型,丰富写作与口语表达;熟练掌握核心语法(数量表达、情态动词、祈使句、when 状语从句等)的规则,确保时态、结构正确。
3.能快速定位各类题型中的考点,结合语境分析并解决问题;将单词、句型、语法知识融合运用,提升综合解题能力。
4.熟悉命题规律和常见考法,通过针对性练习强化薄弱点;最终达到能在考试中高效、准确完成各类题目的目标。
易混词辨析
· 掌握易混词/短语:turn on/off/up/down; voice,sound和noise;journey,tour,trip 和travel;reply和answer; a bit/ a bit of/a little;way的短语;advice和suggestion;advise和suggest;aloud/ loudly/ loud;used to do/ be used to do/ be used to doing;job和work;look like;look at,look for,look after; alone和lonely的辨析
重点句型
1. 句型it’s time (for sb. )to do sth.
2. 句型remember(not)to do sth
3. 句型“What be……like?”
4. 句型too...to..
5. 句型主语+need to do sth.
重点语法
1. 谈论数量
2. 情态动词
3. 祈使句和感叹句
4. when引导的时间状语从句
5. used to 的用法
命题预测
单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。重点会在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中情态动词、祈使句和感叹句、when引导的时间状语从句为中考的高频考点。
考点1 重点词汇
1.waste
【教材原文】“Turn that tap off ” said an angry voice. “You’re wasting water.”(七下U5)
【主要用法】waste: v. 浪费 n. 浪费;废物;垃圾
①.waste time/ money on sth 浪费时间、金钱 在某事/物上
②.waste time/money (in) doing sth. 或 waste time/money on sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事。
③.It’s a waste of time/ money/ energy ... doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间/金钱/精力
【例句】
· Don’t waste much time on this. 不要在这上面浪费太多时间。
· They wasted all the afternoon playing basketball.他们浪费了一下午的时间打篮球。
· It’s a waste of time watching TV programme as this.这般看电视浪费时间。
2. add
【教材原文】They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me. (七下U5)
【主要用法】 add: v.添加;增加
【派生词】addition n. 加法;增加;添加物 →additional adj. 附加的,添加的
【短语搭配】
(1)add to增添;增加
(2) add...to... 把……加入……
(3) add up to 总计达
(4) in addition 此外;而且
【例句】
· The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增添了我们的困难。
· Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。
· The bills add up to $500.这些账单总计达500 美元。
· The house is big. In addition, it is in a good location.这房子很大。此外,它的位置也很好。
3. chemical
【教材原文】They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me. (七下U5)
【主要用法】
①."chemical"作为形容词时,用来描述与化学相关的事物。例如:chemical reaction"(化学反应)。
②. 作为名词时,"chemical"指的是化学物质或化学品,是可数名词。
【例句】
· Burning paper is a chemical change.纸张燃烧是一种化学变化。
· Farmers use chemicals to protect crops from pests.农民使用化学品保护农作物免受虫害。
【派生词】chemical→chemically adv. (在)化学(性质)上;用化学方法;通过化学作用
→chemistry n. 化学 → chemist n.药剂师;化学家
4. valuable
【教材原文】I’m valuable.(七下U5)
【主要用法】valuable 是形容词,意为"宝贵的:很有用的"。
【例句】
· Time is more valuable than money. 时间比金钱更宝贵。
【拓展】value既可以作名词,意为"价值;用途”,也可以作动词,意为“重视;珍视"。
【例句】
· The product has no real market value.这个产品没有真正的市场价值。
· She values honesty above all else.她把诚实看得比什么都重要。
5. return
【教材原文】He returned it to my mother.(七下U5)
【主要用法】
①return 作动词,意为“归还”。相当于“give back”。常用短语“return sth. to sb.”= give sth. back to sb.
②return还有“返回”的意思,相当于come/go back。
【例句】
· She returned the book to the library.她把书还给了图书馆。
· She returned to her office after the lunch break.午休后她返回了办公室。
6. rise
【教材原文】It rises from the sea to the sky.(七下U5)
【主要用法】rise为不及物动词,意为"升起:上升”不能用于被动语态。
rise的过去式:rose ; 过去分词:risen
【例句】
· Smoke was rising from the chimney.烟从烟囱里升起。
7. connect
【教材原文】What are the cables connected to?(七下U6)
【主要用法】connect 作动词,意为 “(使) 连接”。
【例句】
· First connect the printer to the computer.首先把打印机与计算机接通。
【拓展】
①connect…to… 意为 “把…… 连接到……”。be connected to 意为 “连接到”。
②connect…with…意为 “把…… 和…… 连接起来;把…… 和…… 联系起来”。
③connection n. 联系;连接。
【例句】
· You need to connect your phone to the Wi-Fi first.你需要先把手机连接到 Wi-Fi。
· The bridge connects the two islands with the mainland.这座桥把两个岛屿和大陆连接了起来。
· There is a strong connection between regular exercise and good health.规律运动和健康之间有很强的联系。
8.order
【教材原文】 Learn how to give orders or advice.(七下U7)
【主要用法】①.order n. 命令;订单;顺序;点菜
②.order v. 命令;订购;点菜;
【常用短语】order sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事 place an order 下订单
in order to 为了
【例句】
· The soldier followed the officer’s order.士兵听从了军官的命令。
· I placed an order for a new computer online.我在网上下了一台新电脑的订单。
· The teacher ordered the students to keep quiet.老师命令学生们保持安静。
· She ordered a new dress from the shop.她从店里订购了一条新裙子。
· In order to become a doctor, she decided to study medicine at university.为了成为一名医生,她决定在大学里学习医学。
9. hurry
【教材原文】They’re hurrying to work. (七下U7)
【主要用法】
① hurry 作动词,意为 “赶紧;匆忙”。
② hurry 作名词,意为 “匆忙;急忙”。
【常用短语】hurry up 快点 hurry to do sth.匆忙去做某事
hurry to + 地点匆忙赶往某地 in a hurry 意为 “仓促;赶时间”。
【例句】
· Hurry up, or we’ll miss the train.快点,不然我们要错过火车了。
· He hurried to finish his homework before dinner.他赶紧在晚饭前做完作业。
· They hurried to the station to catch the early bus.他们匆忙赶往车站去赶早班车。
· You shouldn’t make decisions in a hurry.你不应该仓促做决定。
10. crowd
【教材原文】A crowd of people 一群人 (七下U7)
【主要用法】crowd 作名词,意为 “人群”。crowd 是集合名词,作主语时,谓语用单数(视为整体)或复数(强调个体成员)皆可。
【拓展】
(1) crowd 作动词,表示 “聚集;挤满”,可用作及物或不及物动词。
(2) crowded 作形容词,意为 “拥挤的”,常用短语 be crowded with 意为 “挤满”。
【例句】
· He tried to crowd into the train.他设法挤上了火车。
· The hall was crowded with people.大厅挤满了人。
11. busy
【教材原文】All very busy,with tired faces.(七下U7)
【主要用法】busy 是形容词,意为 “忙的;繁忙的”,在句中既可作定语,又可作表语。它的反义词是 free。
【常用短语】
①be busy with sth 意为 “忙于某事”。
②be busy doing sth 意为 “忙于做某事”。
【例句】
· My mother is busy with her work every day.我妈妈每天都忙于她的工作。
· We are busy cleaning the room.我们正忙于打扫房间。
12. agree(disagree)(七下U7)
disagree 用法搭配同agree,以agree为例:
【主要用法】
①. agree to do :同意去做某事 (强调愿意去做某件事情。)
【例句】
· He agreed to help me.他答应帮助我。
②.agree with sb.: 指同意其看法或意见等,也可与一些名词或从句连用。
此外:还可以表示天气、食物、工作等对某人适宜。
【例句】
· I don't agree with him on this matter.在这个问题上我不同意他的观点。
· The weather here agrees with me. 这里的天气对我来说很适宜。
③. agree on / upon:表示双方或多方就某个具体的问题或事项达成一致意见。
【例句】
· We agreed on the price of the product. 我们就产品的价格达成了一致。
13. host
【教材原文】I host a TV programme called The Sky at Night.(七下U8)
【主要用法】
① host 作动词,意为 “主持”。
② host 作名词,意为 “主人”。host 的反义词是 guest(客人)。
【例句】
· She hosts a popular talk show every Friday.她每周五主持一档热门脱口秀。
· As the host of the party, I need to make sure everyone has fun.作为派对的主人,我要确保每个人都玩得开心。
14. achieve
【教材原文】Anybody can achieve their dreams...(七下U8)
【主要用法】achieve作动词,意为“(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)”。
【拓展运用】
① achieve one's dream =make one's dream come true 实现某人的梦想
② achievement作名词,意为“成就:成绩”。
【例句】
· He worked hard for ten years and finally achieved his dream of becoming a doctor.
他努力了十年,终于实现了当医生的梦想。
· We are proud of our country's great achievements in science and technology.
我们为国家在科技领域取得的伟大成就感到自豪。
15. decide
【教材原文】One day, I decided to leave my job…(七下U8)
【主要用法】decide 作动词,意为 “决定”。
【拓展运用】
① decide on+ 名词 / 代词 / 动名词;意为 “选定……;决定……”。
② decide to do sth. 决定做某事
③ decision 作名词,意为 “决定;抉择”。常用短语:make a decision 作出决定,下决心
【例句】
· We need to decide on a date for the meeting.我们需要选定一个开会的日期。
· I decided to learn a new language this year.我决定今年学一门新语言。
· The company made a decision to expand into new markets.公司决定拓展新市场。
1. After a long ________ , all of us felt tired and fell asleep soon.
A.drop B.journey C.furniture D.bottom
2. Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.
A.put ... in B.got ... from C.joined ... in D.led ... to
3. These stamps have a long history, so they are valuable.
A.worth much money B.worth a little money
C.worth nothing D.worth little money
4. We are in Moscow for a meeting. We must return to Dalian within three days.
A.come back B.go back C.pay D.give back
5. It would be ________ waste of money to buy such a small dictionary.
A.a B.an C.the D./
6. Tom decides ________ a cooking course during the summer holiday to surprise his parents.
A.take B.taking C.to take D.took
7. 他正忙于修理裤子,但他仍然回答了我的问题。(完成句子)
He a pair of pants, but he still answered my questions.
8. 为了还书给图书馆,他很早就起床了。
some books to the library, he got up early.
考点2 易混词辨析
1.辨析turn on/off/up/down (七下U5)
【例句】
· Please turn on the light. It's too dark here.请把灯打开,这里太暗了。
· Don't forget to turn off the TV before you leave.离开前别忘了关掉电视。
· Could you turn down the music? I'm trying to study.你能把音乐调小一点吗?我正想学习。
· He turned up the radio to enjoy his favorite song.他把收音机音量开大,想听他最喜欢的歌。
2. 辨析voice,sound和noise (七下U5)
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
易混词
含义与用法
例句
voice
主要指人讲话或唱歌的声音,是可数名词。
He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。
sound
指一般情况下,各种能听到的声音。
Sound travels more slowly than light.
声比光传播得慢。
noise
主要指令人不愉快的声音,尤指噪音。
Don’t make any noise.
图解:
3.辨析journey,tour,trip 和travel(七下U5)
易混词
用法
例句
journey
尤指长途或经常性的旅行或旅程。
She is tired after her long journey from London.从伦敦长途跋涉后,她累坏了。
tour
以游览、观光等为目的的旅行。
They are planning a tour of European historical sites.他们正计划一次欧洲历史遗址的游览。
trip
尤指短途往返的旅行、旅游、出行。
-We took a day trip to the nearby mountain village.我们去附近的山村进行了一日游。
travel
常指长途旅行,可作名词或动词,均意为“旅行”。
She loves to travel and explore different cultures.她喜欢旅行,探索不同的文化。
4. rise 和raise(七下U5)
易混词
用法
例句
rise
为不及物动词,意为 “上升;起床;起身;起立;(日、月、星等)升起”,其后不能接宾语,不能用于被动语态
The sun rises in the east every morning.太阳每天早上从东方升起。
raise
为及物动词,意为 “举起;提起;筹集;提高”,其后可以接宾语,可以用于被动语态
Please raise your hand if you have any questions.有问题请举手。
They are trying to raise money for the homeless.他们正努力为无家可归的人筹集资金。
5. 辨析reply 和answer(七下U6)
【主要用法】answer和reply均可表示“回答;答复”,但它们的用法不尽相同。
①.二者都可作动词,当表示“ 回信;对……作出回答”时,answer后可直接跟宾语,而reply后必须加介词to才能接宾语,即“reply to + 宾语”。
【例句】
· She answered the letter yesterday.她昨天回了信。
· She replied to the teacher’s question politely.她礼貌地回答了老师的问题。
注意:在answer the telephone(接电话)或answer the door(应门)等用法中,不能用reply to。
②. 二者都可作名词,指“……的答案或答复”时,均与to连用。
【例句】
· Do you know the answer to this math problem?你知道这道数学题的答案吗?
· I’m looking forward to your reply to my letter.我期待你对我信的回复。
6. 辨析 a bit/ a bit of/a little(七下U6)
【主要用法】
①“a bit”可以作副词,修饰形容词或副词。
②“a bit of”作形容词,后面加不可数名词。
③“a little”既可以作副词,修饰形容词或副词。此时相当于“a bit”。
也可以作形容词,修饰不可数名词,不能加of。此时相当于“a bit of”。
【例句】
· It’s a bit cold today.今天有点冷。=It’s a little cold today.
· There’s a bit of milk in the fridge.冰箱里有一点牛奶。=There’s a little milk in the fridge.
7. way的相关表达辨析(七下U6)
①in a way 意为 “在某种程度上”,相当于 in one way / to some degree 等。
②in the/one’s way 意为 “挡路;妨碍”。
③in many ways 意为 “在许多方面”。
④by the way 意为 “顺便说一下”。
⑤on the way (to) 意为 “在(去…… 的)路上”。接here、there、home等地点副词省略to。
【例句】
· In a way , his advice helped me solve the problem.在某种程度上,他的建议帮我解决了问题。
· Don’t stand in the way; let the ambulance pass.别挡路,让救护车过去。
· In many ways, this new policy will improve people’s daily lives.在许多方面,这项新政策会改善人们的日常生活。
· By the way, have you seen my keys anywhere?顺便说一下,你在哪儿见过我的钥匙吗?
· On the way home, I picked up some fresh fruit.在回家的路上,我买了些新鲜水果。
8. 辨析advice&suggestion 和 advise&suggest (七下U7)
advice n. 建议 不可数名词。 some advice 一些建议;give advice 提出忠告
①advice和suggestion的辨析
advice
不可数名词
This is a piece of good advice.这是一个好建议。
Who can give me some advice? 谁能给我一些建议?
suggestion
可数名词
Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。
② advise和suggest的辨析
advise
v.建议,advise sb. to do sth.结构
He advises me to have a good rest.
他建议我好好休息一下。
suggest
v.建议,一般用于suggest doing sth.结构,或suggest that 从句(从句用虚拟语气,即 should + 动词原形,should 可省略)
I suggest having a good rest.
我建议好好休息一下。
I suggested that we should take a good rest.
我建议我们好好休息一下。
9. aloud/ loudly/ loud (七下U7)
aloud
aloud为副词,强调发出的声音能被听见,常与read,call等词连用。
She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
Please read the text aloud.
请把课文朗读出来。
loud
loud可用作形容词或副词,作副词时,侧重发出的声音大,传得远,多修饰speak,laugh等动词。
The music is too loud. Please turn it down.
音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
They laughed loud and happily at the party.他们在派对上笑得又大声又开心。
loudly
loudly为副词,含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意,常与ring,knock等动词连用。
Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.
突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
10. 辨析used to do/ be used to do/ be used to doing (七下U7)
①used to do:过去常常做某事。(表示过去的习惯性动作,过去如此,现在不再这样了。)
否定句:used not to do或didn't use to do
一般疑问句:Used +主语+to do sth.?/或 Did +主语+ use to do sth.
反义疑问句:used/usedn't或did/didn't
【例句】
· She used to live in Beijing.她曾经在北京住过。(意思是现在已经不在那里了)
②be /get used to doing:习惯于做某事(to是介词)
be used to doing sth., be动词表示状态,因此是表示“习惯于某事”的状态
get used to doing sth., get是动词, 有“变得”的含义,因此是表示“由不习惯到变得习惯”的过程。
【例句】
· She is used to living in Beijing。她习惯住在北京。
· It took me a long time to get used to eating Japanese food.我花了很长时间才习惯吃日本料理。
③be used to do:被用来做某事...= be used for doing sth. 被当作.../用来做...
【例句】
· Knives are used to cut things.刀被用来切东西。
11. job与work(七下U8)
work
作不可数名词,泛指工作。还可用作动词,意为 “工作;争取;从事…… 工作”。固定搭配 go to work 意为 “去上班”。
作可数名词,指作品,著作。
I have to stay late tonight to finish my work.
我今晚得加班完成我的工作。
She works as a designer at a fashion company.
她在一家时尚公司担任设计师。
The library has a collection of Lu Xun’s works.
图书馆收藏了鲁迅的著作。
job
可数名词。意为 “工作;职业”。作可数名词,指特定工作。
He’s looking for a job in the IT industry.
他正在找一份 IT 行业的工作。
12 . look like/ look for/ look at/ look after辨析(七下U8)
易混词组
含义
例句
look like
看起来像……
She looks like her mother.她长得像她妈妈。
look after
照顾
She looks after her little brother every day.她每天都照顾她的小弟弟。
look at
看着
Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。
look for
寻找
I’m looking for my keys. I can’t find them.我在找我的钥匙,找不到了。
13. alone 和lonely
易混词
含义及用法
例句
alone
既可作形容词,也可作副词,表示“单独一人;无人相伴”,陈述客观事实。
- She lives alone in the city, but she never feels bored她独自住在这座城市,但从不觉得无聊。
He can finish the task alone without any help.他可以独自完成这项任务,不需要任何帮助。
lonely
只能作形容词,表示“孤独的;寂寞的”,带有强烈的感情色彩;此外,还可表示“荒凉的;偏僻的”,常作定语。
-She felt lonely after her best friend moved abroad.她最好的朋友出国后,她感到很孤独。
They drove through a lonely mountain road in the middle of the night.他们半夜开车穿过一条偏僻的山路。
1. If you don’t use water, you must ____________ the tap.
A.turn off B.turn on C.turn up D.turn down
2. —The driver drives ________ fast.
—Yes, ________ is dangerous to do that.
A.a bit; that B.a little; that C.a bit; it D.little; it
3. The old woman lost her son in the earthquake and had to live ________. We hope that she won’t feel ________ with the help of kind people.
A.alone; alone B.alone; lonely C.lonely; lonely D.lonely; alone
4. My parents advised me ________ everything ahead and gave me a few valuable ________ on English learning.
A.to plan; suggestions B.to plan; advice
C.planning; suggestions D.planning; advice
5. “Can you hear the ________ of children playing the piano in the park?” he asked me in a low________
A.noise; sound B.sound; voice C.voice; sound D.noise; voice
6. —What does your math teacher ________ ?
—He is of medium height and young.
A.look at B.look after C.look for D.look like
7.We didn’t ________ Jerry, but we ________ a date to discuss about it.
A.agree on; agreed to B.agreed with; agreed on
C.agree with; agreed on D.agree with; agreed to
8. Two weeks later,he _________ me and asked me to meet him.
A.replied B.replied to C.answers D.replies to
9. (选词填空)in a way/in the way/in many ways /on the way/ by the way
①.Sorry, you are . Please let me go.
②.They help us . They are kind.
③. , have you seen Harry?
④.We agreed with Ann , though her idea isn’t perfect.
⑤. to the station, I bought some chocolate.
10. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空
①. You’ll soon get used to ______(live) in the country.
②. I used to ________(go) swimming on Saturdays.
③. When I was younger I was used to ______________(walk) long distances.
考点3 重点句型
1.句型it’s time (for sb. )to do sth.
【教材原句】 It was time for people to clean me. (七下U5)
【句式结构】“It’s time for sb.to do sth.”是一个常见的句型,意思是“该是某人做....的时候了”。当然也可以说“It’s' time to do sth.” 意思是“该是做..的时候了”。It为形式主语,无实际意义,句子的真正主语是to do sth.。
【拓展】it’s time to do sth. = it’s time for sth. /it’s time for doing sth. 是时候做某事
【例句】
· It’s time to have breakfast.= It’s time for breakfast.该吃早饭了。
2. remember(not)to do sth.
【教材原句】Remember not to waste or pollute me.(七下U5)
【句式结构】remember(not)to do sth. ,意为“记得(不)要去做某事”,事情还未做。
【例句】
· Remember not to talk loudly in the library. 记得不要在图书馆大声说话。
【拓展】remember doing sth. 含义:记得做过某事(事情已发生)
【例句】
· I remember turning off the lights before I left the office.我记得离开办公室前关了灯。
3. What be……like?
【教材原句】What electricity is like.电是怎样的。(七下U6)
【句式结构】“What be……like?”意为“…是怎样的?”其多用于对人或物的特点进行提问。
【例句】
· What is life on Mars like in the movie?电影里的火星生活是怎样的?
【联想拓展】What does sb look like? 含义:“某人是什么样子的?”(提问长相或外貌)
【例句】
· What does your new neighbor look like?你的新邻居长什么样?
4. too...to
【教材原句】Too tired to laugh or play.(七下U7)
【句式结构】too…to…意为“太………而不能…"。其结构是肯定形式,但意义上却表示否定含义。
【例句】
· The book is too difficult to understand.这本书难于理解。
【联想拓展】
①在too.…to.…句型中,当动词不定式不能确切说明动作执行者时,可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语,即for sb。
②含too..to.…的句子可以改写成so.…that.的否定形式的句型,意为"如此…以至于不能…”。
③含too.…to.…的句子也可以用“not+形容词/副词 +enough to do sth”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。
【例句】
· The problem is too difficult for the students to solve.这个问题对学生们来说太难了,解决不了。
· The boy is too young to go to school.→ The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.这个男孩太小了,还不能上学。
· She is too short to reach the shelf.→ She is not tall enough to reach the shelf.她太矮了,够不到架子。
5. 主语+need to do sth.
【教材原句】We just need to watch the night sky and enjoy ourselves.(七下U8)
【句式结构】need to do sth 意为 “需要做某事”。这里的 need 作实义动词,意为 “需要”,有人称和数的变化。当 need 作实义动词时,它的否定形式是 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do sth,需要借助助动词来构成否定。
【例句】
· I need to do my homework at home.我需要在家做作业。
→ 否定句: I don't need to do my homework at home. 我不需要在家里做作业。
1. It was very difficult ________ me ________ the question.
A.for; to answer B.of; to answer C.for; answering D.of; answering
2. She is ________ tired ________ say a word.
A.so; that B.too; to C.so; to D.too; that
3. —Remember ________ Grandma cook when I’m not at home, Jill.
—No problem.
A.help B.to help C.helping D.to helping
4. 我还需要再告诉你一遍我的电话号码吗?(完成句子)
I _________ _________ you my telephone number again?
考点4 重点语法
一、谈论数量
1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可
a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of
no
some/any
enough
许多
没有
一些/点
足够的
注意:
enough+名词(可数/不可数)
足够的
I have enough apples and enough money.
not enough (不够)+ 名词
不够的
I don’t have enough apples or enough money.
形容词+enough
足够地
He didn’t study hard enough.
2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词
修饰可数名词
a few
few
many
too few
too many
how many
修饰不可数名词
a little
little
much
too little
too much
how much
词义
一些
几乎没有
许多
太少
太多
多少
How much 其他特殊用法:
(1)询问价格
How much is + 不可数名词/ 可数名词单数 例如:How much is the milk?
How much are + 可数名词复数 例如:How much are the apples?
(2)询问重量
-How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重?
-Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。
(3)询问数字计算结果,相当于what
-How much is ten plus ten? 十加十等于多少?
3.区别:too much,too many 和much too
too much + 不可数名词
太多的
We have too much work to do.
much too + 形容词/副词
太....
You are much too kind to me.
too many + 可数名词
太多的
There are too many people here.
二、情态动词
1. can/could
① 表能力
She can play the piano very well.她钢琴弹得很好。
He could run fast when he was a teenager.他十几岁时跑得很快。
② 表推测
The light is off. They can’t be in the office now.灯灭了,他们现在不可能在办公室。
③ 表请求
—Could you pass me the salt, please?你能把盐递给我吗?
—Of course I can.当然可以。
2. must/mustn’t
① 表命令
You must finish your homework before dinner.你必须在晚饭前完成作业。
You mustn’t smoke in the hospital.医院里严禁吸烟。
② 表推测
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.地面是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。
3. may/might
① 表推测
It may rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.今天下午可能下雨,所以带把伞吧。
They might not come to the party because they’re busy.他们可能不来参加派对,因为他们很忙。
② 表请求
—May I leave early today?我今天可以早点走吗?
—Yes, you may. / Yes, please.可以。
—No, you can’t. / Sorry, you can’t.不,你不能。/抱歉,你不能。
三、祈使句和感叹句
(1)、感叹句
由what引导的感叹句
1. ① What + a / an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
② What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
· What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
· What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句
(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。)
1. How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
· How hard the workers are working!
· How clever the girl is!
· How quickly the boy is writing!
(2)、祈使句
(一).祈使句的定义及句式特征:
定义:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头,末尾可用句号或感叹号。
Go and wash your hands. (表命令)
Be quite, please. (Please be quiet.)(表请求)
Be kind to your sister.(表劝告)
Watch your steps.(表警告)
No parking. (表禁止)
Best wishes! (表祝愿)
(2) 句型
肯定句
否定句
1. 动词原形+其他
① Come in, please!
② Please open your books!
③Put them away!
1.Don’t + 动词原形
①Don’t believe him!
②Don’t open the window.
③Don’t put them away
2. Be+名词/形容词+其他
①Be quiet / quick!
②Be a good student!
③Be careful when crossing the street.
2. Don’t /Never +be+名词/形容词+其他
①Don’t be careless!
②Don’t be a bad boy.
③Never be proud!
3. let sb. do sth
① Let him do it by himself.
② Let me help you.
③Let’s go to the park.
3. let sb. not do sth. 或Don’t let sb. do sth.
① Let her not do that.
② Don’t let them go, please.
4. No+名词 / 动词ing
① NO PHOTOS! ② No parking!
【注意】
1 在表达请求或劝告时,有时为了表示委婉的语气,可以在句首或句末please,
但是如果please加在句末,应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。
Sit down, please. Please look after the twins.
2 有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful!一定要小心!
3 有时为了强调对方,也可加上主语you,人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。
You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody.
(三)祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:
1) Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. ---Yes, I will.
2) Don’t look out of the window. ---Sorry, I won’t..
(四)祈使句,and/or +结果, 可以转换为if 从句。
Hurry up, or you will be late for school.快点,否则你会迟到的。
=If you hurry up, you won’t be late for school.
=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late for school.
Study hard, and you will catch up with others. 努力学习,你就会赶上别人。
= If you study hard , you will catch up with others.
四、when 引导的时间状语从句
when 是最常用的时间状语从句引导词,核心含义是 “当…… 时候”,用来修饰主句动作发生的时间,可放在主句前或后,从句位置灵活。当从句置于主句前时,从句后通常应加逗号(,)。
①when 可将两个分句连接成一个句子,表示两件事同时发生。
【教材原句】When I was eight, I got a book about stars.当我八岁时,我得到了一本关于星星的书。
时间状语从句 主句
②“when 引导的时间状语从句 + 祈使句” 表示请求或申明规则,此时从句通常要用一般现在时。
When you see Jane, give her my regards.你见到简的时候,替我问候她。
时间状语从句 主句(祈使句)
③ 当描述将来发生的动作时,主句使用一般将来时,when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。
I will call you when I finish my work.我完成工作后会给你打电话。
主句(一般将来时) 从句(一般现在时)
④如果主句含有情态动词且为一般现在时,则从句多用一般现在时。
You can ask for help when you are in trouble遇到困难时你可以寻求帮助。
主句 时间状语从句
五、Used to的用法
used to意为”过去常常·····”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意.其中,to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称.
used to的句式
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
used to+动词原形
He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜.
否定句
didn't use to+动词原形
He didn't use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜.
usedn't to+动词原形
He usedn't to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜.
一般疑问句
及其答语
①-Did sb. use to+动词原形...?
-Yes, sb.+ did./No, sb. +didn't.
-Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
-Yes, he did./No, he didn't.是的,他戴./不,他不戴.
②Used sb to+动词原形...?
-Yes, sb.+ used to./No, sb. +usedn't to.
-Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
-Yes, he used to./No, he usedn't to.是的,他过去戴./不,他过去不戴.
there be结构
There used to be +主语+其他.
There used to be a lot of fish in this river.过去这条河里有许多鱼。
1. _________ students can work out the Maths problem because it’s too difficult.
A.Little B.A little C.Few D.A few
2. There are only ________ oranges on the fridge. Are they enough?
A.little B.a little C.few D.a few
3. ________ the pool today.
A.Don’t using B.No use C.Not use D.Don’t use
4. My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food.
A.too much; too many B.too many; too much
C.much too; too much D.too much; much too
5. ________ sunny day it is! Let’s go to have a picnic.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
6. —________ I borrow your dictionary, Jason?
—Yes, of course. Here you are.
A.Can B.Must C.Need D.Should
7. You ________ smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING” on the wall.
A.can B.may C.must D.mustn’t
8. Please ________ there earlier! We don’t want to miss the last bus.
A.arrive B.to arrive C.arriving D.arrived
9. My father ________ to catch fishes in the river.
A.doesn’t use B.didn’t use C.use didn’t D.use doesn’t
10. 用much,many,a few,few,a little,或little的适当形式填空。
①.Hurry up! We have time left.
②.My little sister doesn’t know English.
③.There aren’t students in this school.
④.We need to drink water on hot days.
⑤.If there are people driving, there will be less pollution.
一、单项选择
1. —Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room.
—OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy.
A.turn off; save B.turn into; save C.turn off; collect D.turn into; collect
2. —Mr. Brown is very ________.
—Yeah. But he still spends ________ time playing tennis on Sundays.
A.busy; a few B.free; a few C.busy; a little D.free; a little
3. When his wife died, he lived ________, but his lovely pet dog made him feel less ________.
A.alone; alone B.alone; lonely C.lonely; alone D.lonely; lonely
4. I was walking to school ________ I saw a cat in a tree.
A.while B.when C.till D.as soon as
5.(2025·山东东营·中考真题)—In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” by an e-Taste tool.
—Unbelievable! ________ amazing it is!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
6.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping.
—OK, Dad. I won’t do that again.
A.making B.to make C.don’t make D.make
7.(2025·安徽宿州·模拟预测)The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived.
A.after B.when C.unless D.if
8. I feel ________ hungry. I want to eat ________ bread.
A.a little; a bit B.a little bit; a bit C.a bit; a bit D.a little; a bit of
9. ________ some water ________ the soup.
A.Add; to B.Add; up C.Add; in D.Add; up to
10. When you ________ the classroom, please remember ________ the light.
A.enter;turning on B.leave;to switch on
C.leave;to switch off D.leave;to turn up
11. ________ there alone, because it’s dangerous.
A.Not to go B.Not go C.Not going D.Don’t go
12. The dirty water will flow ________ these pipes under the streets.
A.across B.through C.cross D.onto
13. —Must I return the book tomorrow morning?
—No, you ________. You ________ keep it for three more days.
A.needn’t, must B.mustn’t, can C.mustn’t, may D.don’t have to, can
14. After the open-air concert, people left ________ on the ground.
A.a lot rubbish B.many rubbishes C.a lot of rubbish D.a few rubbishes
15. --______ fine weather it is! Let's go for a walk.
---Sounds like a great idea.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. Don’t forget (turn) off the TV when you leave your house.
2. He (reply) to my letter quickly when he received it.
3. It is difficult (find) the differences between the pictures. Which is false?
4. The mouse can’t work because it’s not (connect) to the computer.
5. I asked him to help me but he (agree).
6. Did he give you any (advise) on how to solve the problem?
7. My uncle is hurrying (catch) his train.
8. The street is (crowd) at weekends. It is always full of people.
9. The (chemical) in the battery produce electricity.
10. This book provides a lot of (value) knowledge for us.
11. Life is full of choices and we need to make (decide) wisely.
12. Don’t be (worry) about the safety of the boy. We’ll take care of him.
13. She has made great (achieve) in her career over the past few years.
14. The teacher ordered the students ________ (keep) quiet in the library.
15. My father has been used to ________ (drink) a cup of tea after dinner for many years.
三、完成句子
1.以前在小学时,我是一个害羞的小姑娘,我很少在班里说话。
I a shy girl in my primary school, and I spoke in class.
2.例如,当你不用电脑时,请关掉它。
For example, please your computer you are not using it.
3.我们小时候常常谈论,长大成人后想成为什么样的人。
When we were young, we often talked about what we wanted to be when we ________ ________.
4.他的父母多么骄傲啊!
his parents are!
5. 你想在牛奶里加多少糖?
sugar would you like to the milk?
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Keyi, a 37-year-old photographer (摄影师), developed an interest in taking photos of wild animals. When she was a child, she always 1 (dream) of traveling with a camera. After university, she worked as a reporter, but then a special trip 2 (complete) changed her life.
During a trip to Antarctica, Xu saw penguin (企鹅) parents protecting their babies from danger. It touched her greatly and she made a 3 (decide) to become a full-time wildlife photographer. 4 she has visited many places in the world, her favorite place to work is China. “Some amazing animals like green peafowls (孔雀) only live in 5 (we) country,” she said. Last year, Xu climbed a mountain in Yunnan to take photos of green peafowls. After waiting in the rain for hours, she finally heard a peafowl singing on the mountain. It was 6 moment of breathtaking beauty.
Xu also encourages people 7 (care) about endangered animals through her photos. After she shared photos of China’s protected golden Kaiser-i-Hind butterfly online, more 8 (volunteer) began to help protect these butterflies. “Many animals may disappear before people notice them,” Xu says. “We should act much 9 (early).” The photographer feels happy when seeing more young people play a part 10 protecting the wildlife. Xu will continue showing the beauty of animals to the world through her camera.
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专题04 七下Units 5-8(复习讲义)(沪教牛津版教材梳理)
目 录
01考情剖析·命题前瞻 1
02思维导图·网络构建 2
03考点通关·靶向突破 2
考点1 重点词汇 2
考点2 易混词辨析 11
考点3 重点句型 17
考点4 重点语法 18
04优题精选·练能提分 25
考点
课标要求
复习目标
重点单词
· 掌握重点词汇:waste;add; chemical;valuable;return;rise,connect,order,hurry,crowd,busy ,host,agree(disagree),achieve,decide,alone,的用法
1.精准掌握重点单词的拼写、词义与固定搭配,能在语境中熟练运用;清晰区分易混词 / 短语的用法差异,避免常见错误。
2.能准确识别、理解并灵活套用重点句型,丰富写作与口语表达;熟练掌握核心语法(数量表达、情态动词、祈使句、when 状语从句等)的规则,确保时态、结构正确。
3.能快速定位各类题型中的考点,结合语境分析并解决问题;将单词、句型、语法知识融合运用,提升综合解题能力。
4.熟悉命题规律和常见考法,通过针对性练习强化薄弱点;最终达到能在考试中高效、准确完成各类题目的目标。
易混词辨析
· 掌握易混词/短语:turn on/off/up/down; voice,sound和noise;journey,tour,trip 和travel;reply和answer; a bit/ a bit of/a little;way的短语;advice和suggestion;advise和suggest;aloud/ loudly/ loud;used to do/ be used to do/ be used to doing;job和work;look like;look at,look for,look after; alone和lonely的辨析
重点句型
1. 句型it’s time (for sb. )to do sth.
2. 句型remember(not)to do sth
3. 句型“What be……like?”
4. 句型too...to..
5. 句型主语+need to do sth.
重点语法
1. 谈论数量
2. 情态动词
3. 祈使句和感叹句
4. when引导的时间状语从句
5. used to 的用法
命题预测
单词、易混词辨析、句型和语法会融合到各种题型中考查。重点会在语法选择、完成句子、语篇填词、语法填空等题型中考查。其中情态动词、祈使句和感叹句、when引导的时间状语从句为中考的高频考点。
考点1 重点词汇
1.waste
【教材原文】“Turn that tap off ” said an angry voice. “You’re wasting water.”(七下U5)
【主要用法】waste: v. 浪费 n. 浪费;废物;垃圾
①.waste time/ money on sth 浪费时间、金钱 在某事/物上
②.waste time/money (in) doing sth. 或 waste time/money on sth. 浪费时间/金钱做某事。
③.It’s a waste of time/ money/ energy ... doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间/金钱/精力
【例句】
· Don’t waste much time on this. 不要在这上面浪费太多时间。
· They wasted all the afternoon playing basketball.他们浪费了一下午的时间打篮球。
· It’s a waste of time watching TV programme as this.这般看电视浪费时间。
2. add
【教材原文】They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me. (七下U5)
【主要用法】 add: v.添加;增加
【派生词】addition n. 加法;增加;添加物 →additional adj. 附加的,添加的
【短语搭配】
(1)add to增添;增加
(2) add...to... 把……加入……
(3) add up to 总计达
(4) in addition 此外;而且
【例句】
· The bad weather added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气增添了我们的困难。
· Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。
· The bills add up to $500.这些账单总计达500 美元。
· The house is big. In addition, it is in a good location.这房子很大。此外,它的位置也很好。
3. chemical
【教材原文】They cleaned me and added some chemicals to me. (七下U5)
【主要用法】①."chemical"作为形容词时,用来描述与化学相关的事物。例如:chemical reaction"(化学反应)。
②. 作为名词时,"chemical"指的是化学物质或化学品,是可数名词。
【例句】
· Burning paper is a chemical change.纸张燃烧是一种化学变化。
· Farmers use chemicals to protect crops from pests.农民使用化学品保护农作物免受虫害。
【派生词】chemical→chemically adv. (在)化学(性质)上;用化学方法;通过化学作用
→chemistry n. 化学 → chemist n.药剂师;化学家
4. valuable
【教材原文】I’m valuable.(七下U5)
【主要用法】valuable 是形容词,意为"宝贵的:很有用的"。
【例句】
· Time is more valuable than money. 时间比金钱更宝贵。
【拓展】value既可以作名词,意为"价值;用途”,也可以作动词,意为“重视;珍视"。
【例句】
· The product has no real market value.这个产品没有真正的市场价值。
· She values honesty above all else.她把诚实看得比什么都重要。
5. return
【教材原文】He returned it to my mother.(七下U5)
【主要用法】
①return 作动词,意为“归还”。相当于“give back”。常用短语“return sth. to sb.”。= give sth. back to sb.
②return还有“返回”的意思,相当于come/go back。
【例句】
· She returned the book to the library.她把书还给了图书馆。
· She returned to her office after the lunch break.午休后她返回了办公室。
6. rise
【教材原文】It rises from the sea to the sky.(七下U5)
【主要用法】rise为不及物动词,意为"升起:上升”不能用于被动语态。
rise的过去式:rose ; 过去分词:risen
【例句】
· Smoke was rising from the chimney.烟从烟囱里升起。
7. connect
【教材原文】What are the cables connected to?(七下U6)
【主要用法】connect 作动词,意为 “(使) 连接”。
【例句】
· First connect the printer to the computer.首先把打印机与计算机接通。
【拓展】
①connect…to… 意为 “把…… 连接到……”。be connected to 意为 “连接到”。
②connect…with…意为 “把…… 和…… 连接起来;把…… 和…… 联系起来”。
③connection n. 联系;连接。
【例句】
· You need to connect your phone to the Wi-Fi first.你需要先把手机连接到 Wi-Fi。
· The bridge connects the two islands with the mainland.这座桥把两个岛屿和大陆连接了起来。
· There is a strong connection between regular exercise and good health.规律运动和健康之间有很强的联系。
8.order
【教材原文】 Learn how to give orders or advice.(七下U7)
【主要用法】①.order n. 命令;订单;顺序;点菜
②.order v. 命令;订购;点菜;
【常用短语】order sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事 place an order 下订单
in order to 为了
【例句】
· The soldier followed the officer’s order.士兵听从了军官的命令。
· I placed an order for a new computer online.我在网上下了一台新电脑的订单。
· The teacher ordered the students to keep quiet.老师命令学生们保持安静。
· She ordered a new dress from the shop.她从店里订购了一条新裙子。
· In order to become a doctor, she decided to study medicine at university.为了成为一名医生,她决定在大学里学习医学。
9. hurry
【教材原文】They’re hurrying to work. (七下U7)
【主要用法】
① hurry 作动词,意为 “赶紧;匆忙”。
② hurry 作名词,意为 “匆忙;急忙”。
【常用短语】hurry up 快点 hurry to do sth.匆忙去做某事
hurry to + 地点匆忙赶往某地 in a hurry 意为 “仓促;赶时间”。
【例句】
· Hurry up, or we’ll miss the train.快点,不然我们要错过火车了。
· He hurried to finish his homework before dinner.他赶紧在晚饭前做完作业。
· They hurried to the station to catch the early bus.他们匆忙赶往车站去赶早班车。
· You shouldn’t make decisions in a hurry.你不应该仓促做决定。
10. crowd
【教材原文】A crowd of people 一群人 (七下U7)
【主要用法】crowd 作名词,意为 “人群”。crowd 是集合名词,作主语时,谓语用单数(视为整体)或复数(强调个体成员)皆可。
【拓展】
(1) crowd 作动词,表示 “聚集;挤满”,可用作及物或不及物动词。
(2) crowded 作形容词,意为 “拥挤的”,常用短语 be crowded with 意为 “挤满”。
【例句】
· He tried to crowd into the train.他设法挤上了火车。
· The hall was crowded with people.大厅挤满了人。
11. busy
【教材原文】All very busy,with tired faces.(七下U7)
【主要用法】busy 是形容词,意为 “忙的;繁忙的”,在句中既可作定语,又可作表语。它的反义词是 free。
【常用短语】
①be busy with sth 意为 “忙于某事”。
②be busy doing sth 意为 “忙于做某事”。
【例句】
· My mother is busy with her work every day.我妈妈每天都忙于她的工作。
· We are busy cleaning the room.我们正忙于打扫房间。
12. agree(disagree)(七下U7)
disagree 用法搭配同agree,以agree为例:
【主要用法】
①. agree to do :同意去做某事 (强调愿意去做某件事情。)
【例句】
· He agreed to help me.他答应帮助我。
②.agree with sb.: 指同意其看法或意见等,也可与一些名词或从句连用。
此外:还可以表示天气、食物、工作等对某人适宜。
【例句】
· I don't agree with him on this matter.在这个问题上我不同意他的观点。
· The weather here agrees with me. 这里的天气对我来说很适宜。
③. agree on / upon:表示双方或多方就某个具体的问题或事项达成一致意见。
【例句】
· We agreed on the price of the product. 我们就产品的价格达成了一致。
13. host
【教材原文】I host a TV programme called The Sky at Night.(七下U8)
【主要用法】
① host 作动词,意为 “主持”。
② host 作名词,意为 “主人”。host 的反义词是 guest(客人)。
【例句】
· She hosts a popular talk show every Friday.她每周五主持一档热门脱口秀。
· As the host of the party, I need to make sure everyone has fun.作为派对的主人,我要确保每个人都玩得开心。
14. achieve
【教材原文】Anybody can achieve their dreams...(七下U8)
【主要用法】achieve作动词,意为“(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)”。
【拓展运用】
① achieve one's dream =make one's dream come true 实现某人的梦想
② achievement作名词,意为“成就:成绩”。
【例句】
· He worked hard for ten years and finally achieved his dream of becoming a doctor.
他努力了十年,终于实现了当医生的梦想。
· We are proud of our country's great achievements in science and technology.
我们为国家在科技领域取得的伟大成就感到自豪。
15. decide
【教材原文】One day, I decided to leave my job…(七下U8)
【主要用法】decide 作动词,意为 “决定”。
【拓展运用】
① decide on+ 名词 / 代词 / 动名词;意为 “选定……;决定……”。
② decide to do sth. 决定做某事
③ decision 作名词,意为 “决定;抉择”。常用短语:make a decision 作出决定,下决心
【例句】
· We need to decide on a date for the meeting.我们需要选定一个开会的日期。
· I decided to learn a new language this year.我决定今年学一门新语言。
· The company made a decision to expand into new markets.公司决定拓展新市场。
1. After a long ________ , all of us felt tired and fell asleep soon.
A.drop B.journey C.furniture D.bottom
【答案】B
【详解】句意:长途旅行之后,我们所有人都感到很累,不久都睡着了。
考查名词辨析。drop滴;journey旅行;furniture家具;bottom底部。根据后面“all of us felt tired and fell asleep soon.”可知,在长途旅行后会感到累。故选B。
2. Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.
A.put ... in B.got ... from C.joined ... in D.led ... to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:杰克在汤里放了太多的盐,所以汤很咸。
考查动词与介词的搭配。put ... in把……放……里;got ... from从……得到……;joined ... in加入……在……里面;led ... to领着……到。根据“Jack added too much salt to the soup, so the soup was very salty.”可知,在汤里加盐,add ... to表示“添加……到……”,与A选项同义。故选A。
3. These stamps have a long history, so they are valuable.
A.worth much money B.worth a little money
C.worth nothing D.worth little money
【答案】A
【详解】句意:这些邮票有很长的历史了,所以它们很有价值。
考查动词短语。worth much money值很多钱;worth a little money值一点钱;worth nothing一文不值;worth little money几乎不值钱。划线单词“valuable”有价值的,可知是很值钱。故选A。
4. We are in Moscow for a meeting. We must return to Dalian within three days.
A.come back B.go back C.pay D.give back
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我们在莫斯科开会。我们必须在三天内返回大连。
考查动词短语。come back“回来”;go back“回去”;pay“付款”;give back“归还”。根据“We are in Moscow for a meeting. We must return to Dalian within three days.”可知,我们必须在三天之内从莫斯科回到大连。所以该句中return的意思是“回去”,故选B。
5. It would be ________ waste of money to buy such a small dictionary.
A.a B.an C.the D./
【答案】A
【详解】句意:买这么小的字典真是浪费钱。
考查冠词用法。a一,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an一,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指。a waste of“浪费”,是固定用法。故选A。
6. Tom decides ________ a cooking course during the summer holiday to surprise his parents.
A.take B.taking C.to take D.took
【答案】C
【详解】句意:汤姆决定在暑假期间上烹饪课来给他的父母一个惊喜。
考查非谓语动词。take接受,动词原形;taking动名词/现在分词;to take动词不定式;took动词过去式。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”,动词不定式作宾语。故选C。
7. 他正忙于修理裤子,但他仍然回答了我的问题。(完成句子)
He a pair of pants, but he still answered my questions.
【答案】 was busy fixing
【详解】根据“answered”可知,该句时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式。“be busy doing sth.”意为“忙于做某事”,主语He是第三人称单数,be动词用was;“修理”fix,位于句型中,用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填was;busy;fixing。
8. 为了还书给图书馆,他很早就起床了。
some books to the library, he got up early.
【答案】 In order to return
【详解】通过对比中英文可知,此处考查短语in order to“为了”及动词return“归还”。in order to后接动词原形。故填In;order;to;return。
考点2 易混词辨析
1.辨析turn on/off/up/down (七下U5)
【例句】
· Please turn on the light. It's too dark here.请把灯打开,这里太暗了。
· Don't forget to turn off the TV before you leave.离开前别忘了关掉电视。
· Could you turn down the music? I'm trying to study.你能把音乐调小一点吗?我正想学习。
· He turned up the radio to enjoy his favorite song.他把收音机音量开大,想听他最喜欢的歌。
2. 辨析voice,sound和noise (七下U5)
voice n. 嗓音;说话声
(1)in a low/loud voice 小声说/大声说
(2)at the top of one’s voice 声嘶力竭地;大声地
易混词
含义与用法
例句
voice
主要指人讲话或唱歌的声音,是可数名词。
He shouted at the top of voice. 他高声呼喊。
sound
指一般情况下,各种能听到的声音。
Sound travels more slowly than light.
声比光传播得慢。
noise
主要指令人不愉快的声音,尤指噪音。
Don’t make any noise.
图解:
3.辨析journey,tour,trip 和travel(七下U5)
易混词
用法
例句
journey
尤指长途或经常性的旅行或旅程。
She is tired after her long journey from London.从伦敦长途跋涉后,她累坏了。
tour
以游览、观光等为目的的旅行。
They are planning a tour of European historical sites.他们正计划一次欧洲历史遗址的游览。
trip
尤指短途往返的旅行、旅游、出行。
-We took a day trip to the nearby mountain village.我们去附近的山村进行了一日游。
travel
常指长途旅行,可作名词或动词,均意为“旅行”。
She loves to travel and explore different cultures.她喜欢旅行,探索不同的文化。
4. rise 和raise(七下U5)
易混词
用法
例句
rise
为不及物动词,意为 “上升;起床;起身;起立;(日、月、星等)升起”,其后不能接宾语,不能用于被动语态
The sun rises in the east every morning.太阳每天早上从东方升起。
raise
为及物动词,意为 “举起;提起;筹集;提高”,其后可以接宾语,可以用于被动语态
Please raise your hand if you have any questions.有问题请举手。
They are trying to raise money for the homeless.他们正努力为无家可归的人筹集资金。
5. 辨析reply 和answer(七下U6)
【主要用法】answer和reply均可表示“回答;答复”,但它们的用法不尽相同。
①.二者都可作动词,当表示“ 回信;对……作出回答”时,answer后可直接跟宾语,而reply后必须加介词to才能接宾语,即“reply to + 宾语”。
【例句】
· She answered the letter yesterday.她昨天回了信。
· She replied to the teacher’s question politely.她礼貌地回答了老师的问题。
注意:在answer the telephone(接电话)或answer the door(应门)等用法中,不能用reply to。
②. 二者都可作名词,指“……的答案或答复”时,均与to连用。
【例句】
· Do you know the answer to this math problem?你知道这道数学题的答案吗?
· I’m looking forward to your reply to my letter.我期待你对我信的回复。
6. 辨析 a bit/ a bit of/a little(七下U6)
【主要用法】
①“a bit”可以作副词,修饰形容词或副词。
②“a bit of”作形容词,后面加不可数名词。
③“a little”既可以作副词,修饰形容词或副词。此时相当于“a bit”。
也可以作形容词,修饰不可数名词,不能加of。此时相当于“a bit of”。
【例句】
· It’s a bit cold today.今天有点冷。=It’s a little cold today.
· There’s a bit of milk in the fridge.冰箱里有一点牛奶。=There’s a little milk in the fridge.
7. way的相关表达辨析(七下U6)
①in a way 意为 “在某种程度上”,相当于 in one way / to some degree 等。
②in the/one’s way 意为 “挡路;妨碍”。
③in many ways 意为 “在许多方面”。
④by the way 意为 “顺便说一下”。
⑤on the way (to) 意为 “在(去…… 的)路上”。接here、there、home等地点副词省略to。
【例句】
· In a way , his advice helped me solve the problem.在某种程度上,他的建议帮我解决了问题。
· Don’t stand in the way; let the ambulance pass.别挡路,让救护车过去。
· In many ways, this new policy will improve people’s daily lives.在许多方面,这项新政策会改善人们的日常生活。
· By the way, have you seen my keys anywhere?顺便说一下,你在哪儿见过我的钥匙吗?
· On the way home, I picked up some fresh fruit.在回家的路上,我买了些新鲜水果。
8. 辨析advice&suggestion 和 advise&suggest (七下U7)
advice n. 建议 不可数名词。 some advice 一些建议;give advice 提出忠告
①advice和suggestion的辨析
advice
不可数名词
This is a piece of good advice.这是一个好建议。
Who can give me some advice? 谁能给我一些建议?
suggestion
可数名词
Here are some suggestions for you.这是给你的一些建议。
② advise和suggest的辨析
advise
v.建议,advise sb. to do sth.结构
He advises me to have a good rest.
他建议我好好休息一下。
suggest
v.建议,一般用于suggest doing sth.结构,或suggest that 从句(从句用虚拟语气,即 should + 动词原形,should 可省略)
I suggest having a good rest.
我建议好好休息一下。
I suggested that we should take a good rest.
我建议我们好好休息一下。
9. aloud/ loudly/ loud (七下U7)
aloud
aloud为副词,强调发出的声音能被听见,常与read,call等词连用。
She called aloud for help.她大声呼救。
Please read the text aloud.
请把课文朗读出来。
loud
loud可用作形容词或副词,作副词时,侧重发出的声音大,传得远,多修饰speak,laugh等动词。
The music is too loud. Please turn it down.
音乐声太大了。请把它调小。
They laughed loud and happily at the party.他们在派对上笑得又大声又开心。
loudly
loudly为副词,含有“喧闹、嘈杂”之意,常与ring,knock等动词连用。
Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly.
突然墙上的铃大声响起来。
10. 辨析used to do/ be used to do/ be used to doing (七下U7)
①used to do:过去常常做某事。(表示过去的习惯性动作,过去如此,现在不再这样了。)
否定句:used not to do或didn't use to do
一般疑问句:Used +主语+to do sth.?/或 Did +主语+ use to do sth.
反义疑问句:used/usedn't或did/didn't
【例句】
· She used to live in Beijing.她曾经在北京住过。(意思是现在已经不在那里了)
②be /get used to doing:习惯于做某事(to是介词)
be used to doing sth., be动词表示状态,因此是表示“习惯于某事”的状态
get used to doing sth., get是动词, 有“变得”的含义,因此是表示“由不习惯到变得习惯”的过程。
【例句】
· She is used to living in Beijing。她习惯住在北京。
· It took me a long time to get used to eating Japanese food.我花了很长时间才习惯吃日本料理。
③be used to do:被用来做某事...= be used for doing sth. 被当作.../用来做...
【例句】
· Knives are used to cut things.刀被用来切东西。
11. job与work(七下U8)
work
作不可数名词,泛指工作。还可用作动词,意为 “工作;争取;从事…… 工作”。固定搭配 go to work 意为 “去上班”。
作可数名词,指作品,著作。
I have to stay late tonight to finish my work.
我今晚得加班完成我的工作。
She works as a designer at a fashion company.
她在一家时尚公司担任设计师。
The library has a collection of Lu Xun’s works.
图书馆收藏了鲁迅的著作。
job
可数名词。意为 “工作;职业”。作可数名词,指特定工作。
He’s looking for a job in the IT industry.
他正在找一份 IT 行业的工作。
12 . look like/ look for/ look at/ look after辨析(七下U8)
易混词组
含义
例句
look like
看起来像……
She looks like her mother.她长得像她妈妈。
look after
照顾
She looks after her little brother every day.她每天都照顾她的小弟弟。
look at
看着
Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板。
look for
寻找
I’m looking for my keys. I can’t find them.我在找我的钥匙,找不到了。
13. alone 和lonely
易混词
含义及用法
例句
alone
既可作形容词,也可作副词,表示“单独一人;无人相伴”,陈述客观事实。
- She lives alone in the city, but she never feels bored她独自住在这座城市,但从不觉得无聊。
He can finish the task alone without any help.他可以独自完成这项任务,不需要任何帮助。
lonely
只能作形容词,表示“孤独的;寂寞的”,带有强烈的感情色彩;此外,还可表示“荒凉的;偏僻的”,常作定语。
-She felt lonely after her best friend moved abroad.她最好的朋友出国后,她感到很孤独。
They drove through a lonely mountain road in the middle of the night.他们半夜开车穿过一条偏僻的山路。
1. If you don’t use water, you must ____________ the tap.
A.turn off B.turn on C.turn up D.turn down
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——如果你不使用水,你必须关水龙头。
考查动词短语。turn off关闭;turn on打开;turn up把声音调大;turn down把声音调小,根据空前的“If you don’t use water, you must”可知,应该是如果你不使用水,你必须关水龙头,故选A。
2. —The driver drives ________ fast.
—Yes, ________ is dangerous to do that.
A.a bit; that B.a little; that C.a bit; it D.little; it
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——司机开车有点快。——是的,那样做很危险。
考查程度副词的用法及it的固定句型。第一空,a bit和a little在肯定句中修饰形容词、副词,表示“有点儿”的意思,little后接名词,意为“几乎没有”,根据“fast”,可排除选项D;第二空,根据句型结构:it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是怎样的”,可排除选项A、B。故选C。
3. The old woman lost her son in the earthquake and had to live ________. We hope that she won’t feel ________ with the help of kind people.
A.alone; alone B.alone; lonely C.lonely; lonely D.lonely; alone
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这位老妇人在地震中失去了儿子,不得不独自生活。我们希望在好心人的帮助下,她不会感到孤独。
考查形容词和副词辨析。alone独自的,表示客观上的单独;单独,副词;lonely孤独的,表示情感上的孤独。根据“live”可知第一空表示独自生活,用副词alone;根据“feel”可知第二空表示情感上的孤独,用lonely。故选B。
4. My parents advised me ________ everything ahead and gave me a few valuable ________ on English learning.
A.to plan; suggestions B.to plan; advice
C.planning; suggestions D.planning; advice
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的父母建议我提前计划好一切,并给了我一些关于英语学习的宝贵建议。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语和名词辨析。advise后接动词不定式作宾语补足语,即advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事),故第一空用to plan;suggestion是可数名词,前有a few(一些,后接可数名词复数)修饰,advice是不可数名词,不能用a few修饰,故第二空用suggestions,故选A。
5. “Can you hear the ________ of children playing the piano in the park?” he asked me in a low________
A.noise; sound B.sound; voice C.voice; sound D.noise; voice
【答案】B
【详解】句意:他低声问我:“你能听到孩子们在公园里弹钢琴的声音吗?”
考查名词辨析。noise噪音;sound声音,泛指一切声音;voice指嗓音。根据“hear the … of children playing the piano in the park”可知,第一空指孩子们弹钢琴的声音,应填sound。in a low voice“低声地”,指人的嗓音很低,故选B。
6. —What does your math teacher ________ ?
—He is of medium height and young.
A.look at B.look after C.look for D.look like
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你的数学老师长什么样?——他中等身高,很年轻。
考查动词短语。look at看;look after照顾;look for寻找;look like看起来像。根据答句“He is of medium height and young.”可知,问句是在询问数学老师的外貌,所以用“look like”。故选D。
7.We didn’t ________ Jerry, but we ________ a date to discuss about it.
A.agree on; agreed to B.agreed with; agreed on
C.agree with; agreed on D.agree with; agreed to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我们不同意杰瑞的意见,但我们同意了一个讨论此事的日期。
考查动词短语。agree with sb.表示同意某人的意见;agree to sth.主要表示同意某一提议或建议,并愿意付诸实践或接受其作为决定的一部分。它涉及到对某个提议或计划的接受和承诺,通常包含了一种愿意采取行动或接受某种情况的意愿;agree on sth表示在某件事上达成一致意见。根据“We didn’t…Jerry, but we…a date to discuss about it.”可知第一空应填agree with,表示不同意杰瑞;第二空应填agreed on,表示同意了一个讨论此事的日期,强调的是双方或多方在某件事情上的共同看法或决定。故选C。
8. Two weeks later,he _________ me and asked me to meet him.
A.replied B.replied to C.answers D.replies to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:两周后,他回复我,让我见他。
本题可用“关键词法”解答。由and连接并列谓语可知,选项应与asked形式一致,即用过去式,排除C、D两项;reply to sb.意为“答复某人”,为固定搭配。故选B。
9. (选词填空)in a way/in the way/in many ways /on the way/ by the way
①.Sorry, you are . Please let me go.
②.They help us . They are kind.
③. , have you seen Harry?
④.We agreed with Ann , though her idea isn’t perfect.
⑤. to the station, I bought some chocolate.
【答案】①.in the way ②.in many ways ③.By the way ④.in a way ⑤.On the way
【解析】①.句意:对不起,你挡道了。请放我走。根据“Please let me go.”可知,挡住去路了,in the way“挡道”,固定短语,故填in the way。
②.句意:他们在很多方面帮助我们。他们很善良。根据“They help us...They are kind.”可知,此处表示他们很善良,在很多方面帮助我们。in many ways“在许多方面”,固定短语。故填in many ways。
③.句意:顺便问一下,你看到哈利了吗?根据“have you seen Harry?”可知,此处为附带问问题,by the way“顺便说一下”,因为位于句首,首字母b需要大写。故填By the way。
④.句意:我们在某种程度上同意安的意见,尽管她的想法并不完美。根据“We agreed with Ann...though her idea isn’t perfect.”可知,此处表达尽管安的想法并不完美,我们在某种程度上同意她的意见。in a way“在某种程度上”,固定短语,故填in a way。
⑤.句意:在去车站的路上,我买了一些巧克力。根据“...to the station, I bought some chocolate.”可知,是在去车站的路上,on the way to“去……的路上”,因为位于句首,首字母o需要大写,故填On the way。
10. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空
①. You’ll soon get used to ______(live) in the country.
②. I used to ________(go) swimming on Saturdays.
③. When I was younger I was used to ______________(walk) long distances.
【答案】①.living ②.go ③.walking
【解析】①.句意:你很快就会习惯住在乡下。“get used to doing sth.” 为固定搭配,意为 “习惯于做某事”,其中 to 是介词,后接动名词形式,故填 living。
②.句意:我过去周六常去游泳。“used to do sth.” 为固定搭配,意为 “过去常常做某事(现在不做了)”,其中 to 是不定式符号,后接动词原形,故填 go。
③.句意:我年轻时习惯走很长的路。“be used to doing sth.” 为固定搭配,意为 “习惯于做某事”,其中 to 是介词,后接动名词形式,故填 walking。
考点3 重点句型
1.句型it’s time (for sb. )to do sth.
【教材原句】 It was time for people to clean me. (七下U5)
【句式结构】“It’s time for sb.to do sth.”是一个常见的句型,意思是“该是某人做....的时候了”。当然也可以说“It’s' time to do sth.” 意思是“该是做..的时候了”。It为形式主语,无实际意义,句子的真正主语是to do sth.。
【拓展】it’s time to do sth. = it’s time for sth. /it’s time for doing sth. 是时候做某事
【例句】
· It’s time to have breakfast.= It’s time for breakfast.该吃早饭了。
2. remember(not)to do sth.
【教材原句】Remember not to waste or pollute me.(七下U5)
【句式结构】remember(not)to do sth. ,意为“记得(不)要去做某事”,事情还未做。
【例句】
· Remember not to talk loudly in the library. 记得不要在图书馆大声说话。
【拓展】remember doing sth. 含义:记得做过某事(事情已发生)
【例句】
· I remember turning off the lights before I left the office.我记得离开办公室前关了灯。
3. What be……like?
【教材原句】What electricity is like.电是怎样的。(七下U6)
【句式结构】“What be……like?”意为“…是怎样的?”其多用于对人或物的特点进行提问。
【例句】
· What is life on Mars like in the movie?电影里的火星生活是怎样的?
【联想拓展】What does sb look like? 含义:“某人是什么样子的?”(提问长相或外貌)
【例句】
· What does your new neighbor look like?你的新邻居长什么样?
4. too...to
【教材原句】Too tired to laugh or play.(七下U7)
【句式结构】too…to…意为“太………而不能…"。其结构是肯定形式,但意义上却表示否定含义。
【例句】
· The book is too difficult to understand.这本书难于理解。
【联想拓展】
①在too.…to.…句型中,当动词不定式不能确切说明动作执行者时,可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语,即for sb。
②含too..to.…的句子可以改写成so.…that.的否定形式的句型,意为"如此…以至于不能…”。
③含too.…to.…的句子也可以用“not+形容词/副词 +enough to do sth”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。
【例句】
· The problem is too difficult for the students to solve.这个问题对学生们来说太难了,解决不了。
· The boy is too young to go to school.→ The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.这个男孩太小了,还不能上学。
· She is too short to reach the shelf.→ She is not tall enough to reach the shelf.她太矮了,够不到架子。
5. 主语+need to do sth.
【教材原句】We just need to watch the night sky and enjoy ourselves.(七下U8)
【句式结构】need to do sth 意为 “需要做某事”。这里的 need 作实义动词,意为 “需要”,有人称和数的变化。当 need 作实义动词时,它的否定形式是 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t need to do sth,需要借助助动词来构成否定。
【例句】
· I need to do my homework at home.我需要在家做作业。
→ 否定句: I don't need to do my homework at home. 我不需要在家里做作业。
1. It was very difficult ________ me ________ the question.
A.for; to answer B.of; to answer C.for; answering D.of; answering
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我很难回答这个问题。
考查it固定句型。分析句子结构可知,此处为it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。结构为:it is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.。故选A。
2. She is ________ tired ________ say a word.
A.so; that B.too; to C.so; to D.too; that
【答案】B
【详解】句意:她累得说不出话来。
考查固定结构。so...that如此……以至于……,引导结果状语从句;too...to...太……而不能。分析题干可知,第二空后没有主语,所以此处不是主从复合句,应用too...to。故选B。
3. —Remember ________ Grandma cook when I’m not at home, Jill.
—No problem.
A.help B.to help C.helping D.to helping
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——Jill,我不在家的时候记得帮奶奶做饭。——没问题。
考查动词remember的用法。remember后接不定式(to do)表示“记得要去做某事”(动作未发生),后接动名词(doing)表示“记得做过某事”(动作已发生)。根据句意“when I’m not at home”(当我不在家时)可知,动作是将来的、未发生的,因此需用不定式。故选B。
4. 我还需要再告诉你一遍我的电话号码吗?(完成句子)
I _________ _________ you my telephone number again?
【答案】 Do need to tell
【详解】根据所给的汉语和英语翻译可知,“需要” 译成:need;“告诉” 译成:tell;“我” 译成:I。“need” 此处用作实义动词,常用搭配为 “need to do sth.”(需要做某事);因句子为一般疑问句,主语是 “I”,一般现在时需借助助动词 “Do” 置于句首大写,助动词后 “need” 用原形,不定式符号 “to” 后接动词原形 “tell”,故填 Do;need;to;tell。
考点4 重点语法
一、谈论数量
1.修饰可数名词和不可数名词皆可
a lot of / lots of/a quantity of/plenty of
no
some/any
enough
许多
没有
一些/点
足够的
注意:
enough+名词(可数/不可数)
足够的
I have enough apples and enough money.
not enough (不够)+ 名词
不够的
I don’t have enough apples or enough money.
形容词+enough
足够地
He didn’t study hard enough.
2.只能修饰可数名词或者修饰不可数名词
修饰可数名词
a few
few
many
too few
too many
how many
修饰不可数名词
a little
little
much
too little
too much
how much
词义
一些
几乎没有
许多
太少
太多
多少
How much 其他特殊用法:
(1)询问价格
How much is + 不可数名词/ 可数名词单数 例如:How much is the milk?
How much are + 可数名词复数 例如:How much are the apples?
(2)询问重量
-How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重?
-Sixty kilos. 六十公斤。
(3)询问数字计算结果,相当于what
-How much is ten plus ten? 十加十等于多少?
3.区别:too much,too many 和much too
too much + 不可数名词
太多的
We have too much work to do.
much too + 形容词/副词
太....
You are much too kind to me.
too many + 可数名词
太多的
There are too many people here.
二、情态动词
1. can/could
① 表能力
She can play the piano very well.她钢琴弹得很好。
He could run fast when he was a teenager.他十几岁时跑得很快。
② 表推测
The light is off. They can’t be in the office now.灯灭了,他们现在不可能在办公室。
③ 表请求
—Could you pass me the salt, please?你能把盐递给我吗?
—Of course I can.当然可以。
2. must/mustn’t
① 表命令
You must finish your homework before dinner.你必须在晚饭前完成作业。
You mustn’t smoke in the hospital.医院里严禁吸烟。
② 表推测
The ground is wet. It must have rained last night.地面是湿的,昨晚一定下雨了。
3. may/might
① 表推测
It may rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.今天下午可能下雨,所以带把伞吧。
They might not come to the party because they’re busy.他们可能不来参加派对,因为他们很忙。
② 表请求
—May I leave early today?我今天可以早点走吗?
—Yes, you may. / Yes, please.可以。
—No, you can’t. / Sorry, you can’t.不,你不能。/抱歉,你不能。
三、祈使句和感叹句
(1)、感叹句
由what引导的感叹句
1. ① What + a / an+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!
② What+名词词组+主语+谓语!
· What a fine day it is!
2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!
· What kind women they are!
What nice music it is!
由How引导的感叹句
(how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。)
1. How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!
· How hard the workers are working!
· How clever the girl is!
· How quickly the boy is writing!
(2)、祈使句
(一).祈使句的定义及句式特征:
定义:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头,末尾可用句号或感叹号。
Go and wash your hands. (表命令)
Be quite, please. (Please be quiet.)(表请求)
Be kind to your sister.(表劝告)
Watch your steps.(表警告)
No parking. (表禁止)
Best wishes! (表祝愿)
(2) 句型
肯定句
否定句
1. 动词原形+其他
① Come in, please!
② Please open your books!
③Put them away!
1.Don’t + 动词原形
①Don’t believe him!
②Don’t open the window.
③Don’t put them away
2. Be+名词/形容词+其他
①Be quiet / quick!
②Be a good student!
③Be careful when crossing the street.
2. Don’t /Never +be+名词/形容词+其他
①Don’t be careless!
②Don’t be a bad boy.
③Never be proud!
3. let sb. do sth
① Let him do it by himself.
② Let me help you.
③Let’s go to the park.
3. let sb. not do sth. 或Don’t let sb. do sth.
① Let her not do that.
② Don’t let them go, please.
4. No+名词 / 动词ing
① NO PHOTOS! ② No parking!
【注意】
1 在表达请求或劝告时,有时为了表示委婉的语气,可以在句首或句末please,
但是如果please加在句末,应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开。
Sit down, please. Please look after the twins.
2 有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful!一定要小心!
3 有时为了强调对方,也可加上主语you,人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词。
You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody.
(三)祈使句的回答
祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或won’t。
在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:
1) Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. ---Yes, I will.
2) Don’t look out of the window. ---Sorry, I won’t..
(四)祈使句,and/or +结果, 可以转换为if 从句。
Hurry up, or you will be late for school.快点,否则你会迟到的。
=If you hurry up, you won’t be late for school.
=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late for school.
Study hard, and you will catch up with others. 努力学习,你就会赶上别人。
= If you study hard , you will catch up with others.
四、when 引导的时间状语从句
when 是最常用的时间状语从句引导词,核心含义是 “当…… 时候”,用来修饰主句动作发生的时间,可放在主句前或后,从句位置灵活。当从句置于主句前时,从句后通常应加逗号(,)。
①when 可将两个分句连接成一个句子,表示两件事同时发生。
【教材原句】When I was eight, I got a book about stars.当我八岁时,我得到了一本关于星星的书。
时间状语从句 主句
②“when 引导的时间状语从句 + 祈使句” 表示请求或申明规则,此时从句通常要用一般现在时。
When you see Jane, give her my regards.你见到简的时候,替我问候她。
时间状语从句 主句(祈使句)
③ 当描述将来发生的动作时,主句使用一般将来时,when引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。
I will call you when I finish my work.我完成工作后会给你打电话。
主句(一般将来时) 从句(一般现在时)
④如果主句含有情态动词且为一般现在时,则从句多用一般现在时。
You can ask for help when you are in trouble遇到困难时你可以寻求帮助。
主句 时间状语从句
五、Used to的用法
used to意为”过去常常·····”,表示过去的习惯、状态或过去反复发生的动作,暗含现在已不存在或不再发生之意.其中,to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,其主语可以是各种人称.
used to的句式
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
used to+动词原形
He used to wear glasses.他过去戴眼镜.
否定句
didn't use to+动词原形
He didn't use to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜.
usedn't to+动词原形
He usedn't to wear glasses.他过去不戴眼镜.
一般疑问句
及其答语
①-Did sb. use to+动词原形...?
-Yes, sb.+ did./No, sb. +didn't.
-Did he use to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
-Yes, he did./No, he didn't.是的,他戴./不,他不戴.
②Used sb to+动词原形...?
-Yes, sb.+ used to./No, sb. +usedn't to.
-Used he to wear glasses?他过去戴眼镜吗?
-Yes, he used to./No, he usedn't to.是的,他过去戴./不,他过去不戴.
there be结构
There used to be +主语+其他.
There used to be a lot of fish in this river.过去这条河里有许多鱼。
1. _________ students can work out the Maths problem because it’s too difficult.
A.Little B.A little C.Few D.A few
【答案】C
【详解】句意:很少有学生能解出这道数学题,因为它太难了。
考查代词辨析。little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little有一些,修饰不可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词;a few有一些,修饰可数名词。根据“...because it’s too difficult.”可知,这道题太难了,所以几乎没有人能解出它;因为空后的“students”为可数名词复数,所以此空应填“few”。故选C。
2. There are only ________ oranges on the fridge. Are they enough?
A.little B.a little C.few D.a few
【答案】D
【详解】句意:冰箱上只有几个橙子。这些足够吗?
考查代词辨析。little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a little一些,修饰不可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词;a few一些,修饰可数名词。根据“only”可知是指只有一些橙子了,且oranges是可数名词,应用a few修饰,故选D。
3. ________ the pool today.
A.Don’t using B.No use C.Not use D.Don’t use
【答案】D
【详解】句意:今天不要使用水池。
考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选D。
4. My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food.
A.too much; too many B.too many; too much
C.much too; too much D.too much; much too
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我的表弟太胖了,因为他经常吃太多快餐。too much 中的中心词是 much,后面跟不可数名词,意思是“太多的……”;much too 中的中心词是 too,后面跟形容词或副词,意思是“非常,太”;too many 太多的,中心词是 many,用法与 many 相同,用来修饰复数可数名词。句中heavy 是形容词,用much too来修饰;fast food 不可数名词,用too much来修饰,故答案选 C。
5. ________ sunny day it is! Let’s go to have a picnic.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】C
【详解】句意:多么晴朗的一天啊!我们去野餐吧。
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是可数名词day,用感叹句结构:What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓!故选C。
6. —________ I borrow your dictionary, Jason?
—Yes, of course. Here you are.
A.Can B.Must C.Need D.Should
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——杰森,我能借你的字典吗?——是的,当然。给你。
考查情态动词。can能;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据“...I borrow your dictionary, Jason?”可知,是表示请求允许,应用can,故选A。
7. You ________ smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING” on the wall.
A.can B.may C.must D.mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你不能在这里抽烟。看看墙上的“禁止吸烟”标志。
考查情态动词。can能;may可以;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“Look at the sign ‘NO SMOKING’ on the wall.”可知,此处指的是“禁止吸烟”,故选D。
8. Please ________ there earlier! We don’t want to miss the last bus.
A.arrive B.to arrive C.arriving D.arrived
【答案】A
【详解】句意:请早点到那里!我们不想错过末班车。
考查祈使句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知,空处所在句为祈使句,所以此处应用动词原形。故选A。
9. My father ________ to catch fishes in the river.
A.doesn’t use B.didn’t use C.use didn’t D.use doesn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我父亲过去不常在河里捕鱼。
考查否定句。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”,否定句中借助助动词didn’t,后接动词原形use。故选B。
10. 用much,many,a few,few,a little,或little的适当形式填空。
①.Hurry up! We have time left.
②.My little sister doesn’t know English.
③.There aren’t students in this school.
④.We need to drink water on hot days.
⑤.If there are people driving, there will be less pollution.
【答案】①.little ②.much ③.many ④.more ⑤.fewer
【解析】①.句意:快点!我们剩下的时间不多了。根据“Hurry up!”可知是时间不多了,time为不可数名词,应用备选词汇little来修饰,表示“少到几乎没有”。故填little。
②.句意:我妹妹不太懂英语。根据“doesn’t know”可知该句表示知道的英语不多,English为不可数名词,应用much来修饰。故填much。
③.句意:这所学校的学生不多。根据“There aren’t”可知该句表示学生不多,students为可数名词,应用many来修饰。故填many。
④.句意:在热天,我们需要多喝水。根据“on hot days”可知在热天,要喝更多的水,water为不可数名词,此处要用much的比较级more来修饰。故填more。
⑤.句意:如果开车的人少了,污染就会更少。根据“less pollution”可知此处应是开车的人更少,污染就更少,people为复数名词,此处要用比较级fewer来修饰。故填fewer。
一、单项选择
1. —Don’t forget to ________ the light when you leave the room.
—OK, I won’t. I know we should ________ energy.
A.turn off; save B.turn into; save C.turn off; collect D.turn into; collect
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——当你离开房间时不要忘了关灯。——好的,我不会。我知道我们应该节能。
考查动词短语及动词辨析。turn off关掉;turn into变成;save节约;collect收集。根据“when you leave the room.”可知,离开房间时要关灯,空一用turn off;由“Don’t forget to ... the light when you leave the room.”可知,关灯是为了节约能源,空二用save。故选A。
2. —Mr. Brown is very ________.
—Yeah. But he still spends ________ time playing tennis on Sundays.
A.busy; a few B.free; a few C.busy; a little D.free; a little
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——布朗先生很忙。——是的。但是他仍然在星期天花一点时间打网球。
考查形容词辨析和不定代词。根据答语的句意,可知布朗先生平时是“忙”而不是“闲”,故B、D选项排除;“time”为不可数名词,前面用“a little”修饰,故选C。
3. When his wife died, he lived ________, but his lovely pet dog made him feel less ________.
A.alone; alone B.alone; lonely C.lonely; alone D.lonely; lonely
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当他妻子去世的时候,他独自生活,但是他的可爱的宠物狗使他并没有感到那么孤独。
考查形容词和副词的用法。alone单独地,副词,侧重说明独自一人,只表示客观的状态;lonely孤独的,形容词,侧重人主观上感到孤独,寂寞。根据语境可知,第一空侧重“独自一人居住”,需用副词alone修饰动词lived;第二空侧重于“情感上的孤独”,系动词feel后跟形容词lonely作表语。故选B。
4. I was walking to school ________ I saw a cat in a tree.
A.while B.when C.till D.as soon as
【答案】B
【详解】句意:当我看见一只猫在树上,我正走在上学的路上。
考查连词。while当……时候,表示一段时间,从句中的动词必须是延续性动词;when当……时候,既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的;till直到;as soon as一……就。 根据后文“I saw a cat in a tree”可知,表示的是某一时间点,用when引导时间状语从句。故选B。
5.(2025·山东东营·中考真题)—In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” by an e-Taste tool.
—Unbelievable! ________ amazing it is!
A.How B.What C.What a D.What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——在不久的将来,我们或许可以通过电子味觉工具“在线”品尝食物和饮品。——太难以置信了!这多神奇啊!
考查感叹句引导词。感叹句的核心结构有两种:“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!”以及“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!”本句中被强调的部分是形容词amazing,符合How引导的感叹句结构。故选A。
6.(2025·四川广元·中考真题)—Mike, ________ such a loud noise in the room. Your sister is sleeping.
—OK, Dad. I won’t do that again.
A.making B.to make C.don’t make D.make
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——迈克,别在房间里弄出这么大的声音。你妹妹在睡觉。——好的,爸爸。我不会再那样做了。
考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“Your sister is sleeping.”可知妹妹在睡觉,所以不要弄出这么大的声音,故此处用祈使句的否定形式:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。
7.(2025·安徽宿州·模拟预测)The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived.
A.after B.when C.unless D.if
【答案】B
【详解】句意:客人到达时,主人正在门口等候。
考查连词辨析题。 after在……之后;when当……时;unless除非;if如果。根据“The host was waiting at the gate... his guests arrived.”可知,此处表示当客人到达时,主人正在门口等待,when符合主人等待的动作在客人到达的时刻正在发生的语境。故选B。
8. I feel ________ hungry. I want to eat ________ bread.
A.a little; a bit B.a little bit; a bit C.a bit; a bit D.a little; a bit of
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我感觉有点饿。我想吃点面包。
考查形容词短语和副词短语。a bit/a little/a little bit一点儿,后面可加形容词或副词;a little/a bit of一点儿,修饰不可数名词。“hungry”意为“饿的”,是形容词,需用a bit/a little/a little bit来修饰“hungry”;第二空后的“bread”是名词,意为“面包”,是不可数名词,需用a bit of修饰,故选D。
9. ________ some water ________ the soup.
A.Add; to B.Add; up C.Add; in D.Add; up to
【答案】A
【详解】句意:在汤里加些水。
考查动词短语辨析。add…to往……中加……;add up加起来;add in把……算在内;add up to总计达。根据题干“…some water…the soup”和语境,可知是在汤里加水,故选A。
10. When you ________ the classroom, please remember ________ the light.
A.enter;turning on B.leave;to switch on
C.leave;to switch off D.leave;to turn up
【答案】C
【详解】句意:当你离开教室时,请记得把灯关上。
考查动词辨析和动词不定式作宾语。enter进入;leave离开;turning on打开,动名词;to switch on打开,动词不定式;to switch off关上,动词不定式;to turn up把音量调高,动词不定式。结合语境,可知该句表示离开教室时要记得把灯关上,因此第一空应填动词leave表示“离开”;动词短语remember to do sth表示“记得做某事”,因此第二空应用动词不定式to switch off表示“关上”。故选C。
11. ________ there alone, because it’s dangerous.
A.Not to go B.Not go C.Not going D.Don’t go
【答案】D
【详解】句意:不要单独去那里,因为那里很危险。
考查祈使句。根据语境可知,此处是祈使句的否定形式,结构为don’t+动词原形。故选D。
12. The dirty water will flow ________ these pipes under the streets.
A.across B.through C.cross D.onto
【答案】B
【详解】句意:脏水会流过街道下面的这些管道。
考查介词辨析。across穿过;through通过;cross穿过,动词;onto在……上面。根据“The dirty water will flow...these pipes under the streets.”可知,脏水会流过管道,从内部穿过应用介词through,故选B。
13. —Must I return the book tomorrow morning?
—No, you ________. You ________ keep it for three more days.
A.needn’t, must B.mustn’t, can C.mustn’t, may D.don’t have to, can
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——我必须明天早上还书吗?——不,你不需要。你可以再借三天。
考查情态动词。needn’t不需要;mustn’t禁止;don’t have to不必。must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to;第二空是表示许可,应用can,不用must。故选D。
14. After the open-air concert, people left ________ on the ground.
A.a lot rubbish B.many rubbishes C.a lot of rubbish D.a few rubbishes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:露天音乐会结束后,人们在地上留下了大量垃圾。
考查名词的数。rubbish是不可数名词,故排除B和D。A项表述错误。a lot of即可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。故选C。
15. --______ fine weather it is! Let's go for a walk.
---Sounds like a great idea.
A.What B.How C.What a D.How a
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——多好的天气啊!我们去散步吧。——听起来是个好主意。感叹句一般有两种结构:What +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!名词是复数或不可数名词,不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语!本句的中心词weather为不可数名词,应该用what来引导,名词前面不应该用不定冠词a/an,故答案为A。
二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. Don’t forget (turn) off the TV when you leave your house.
【答案】to turn
【详解】句意:离开家时别忘了关掉电视。forget to do sth.忘了去做某事;forget doing sth.忘了做过某事,这件事已做,忘了。根据“when you leave your house.”可知,这里是离开家时别忘了关掉电视,需用turn的动词不定式。故填to turn。
2. He (reply) to my letter quickly when he received it.
【答案】replied
【详解】句意:他收到我的信后很快就给我回了信。根据“received ”可知句子是一般过去时,故填replied。
3. It is difficult (find) the differences between the pictures. Which is false?
【答案】to find
【详解】句意:发现图片间的差别很难。哪一个是错误的。根据句型“it is 形容词 to do”。所以应是不定式结构作真正的主语。故填to find。
4. The mouse can’t work because it’s not (connect) to the computer.
【答案】connected
【详解】句意:鼠标无法工作,因为它没有连接到计算机。The mouse与动词connect是被动关系,因此用被动语态,其结构是:be+动词的过去分词,这里需用connect的过去分词connected。故填connected。
5. I asked him to help me but he (agree).
【答案】disagreed
【详解】 句意:我请求他帮忙,但他没同意。根据but表转折可知,没有同意,disagree“不同意”;由并列连词but前面的动词asked(ask的过去式)可知,此句用一般过去时,因此动词disagree也要用过去式disagreed。故填disagreed。
6. Did he give you any (advise) on how to solve the problem?
【答案】advice
【详解】句意:关于如何解决这个问题,他给你什么建议了吗?根据不定代词“any”可知空缺处用名词形式,即advice,不可数名词。故填advice。
7. My uncle is hurrying (catch) his train.
【答案】to catch
【详解】句意:我的叔叔正在赶火车。根据“hurrying”可知此处应用动词短语hurry to do sth表示“急于做某事”。动词catch的不定式为to catch。故填to catch。
8. The street is (crowd) at weekends. It is always full of people.
【答案】crowded
【详解】句意:周末这条街道很拥挤。这里总是挤满了人。根据“It is always full of people.”可知,街道很拥挤,be动词后跟形容词作表语,crowded“拥挤的”,形容词。故填crowded。
9. The (chemical) in the battery produce electricity.
【答案】chemicals
【详解】句意:电池中的化学物质产生电力。chemical“化学制品”,可数名词,空处应用复数形式泛指一类化学物质。故填chemicals。
10. This book provides a lot of (value) knowledge for us.
【答案】valuable
【详解】句意:这本书为我们提供了很多有价值的知识。根据“knowledge”可知,需要用value的形容词形式valuable来修饰后面的名词。故填valuable。
11. Life is full of choices and we need to make (decide) wisely.
【答案】decisions
【详解】句意:生活充满选择,我们需要明智地做决定。根据句意及提示词可知,此处应填decisions,“make decisions”做决定,固定搭配。故填decisions。
12. Don’t be (worry) about the safety of the boy. We’ll take care of him.
【答案】worried
【详解】句意:不要担心这个男孩的安全。我们会照顾他的。be worried about“担心”,固定搭配,故填worried。
13. She has made great (achieve) in her career over the past few years.
【答案】achievements
【详解】句意:在过去几年里,她在事业上取得了巨大的成就。根据形容词 “great” 和语境可知空缺处用名词形式,即 achievement,此处表示多项成就,用复数形式 achievements。故填 achievements。
14. The teacher ordered the students ________ (keep) quiet in the library.
【答案】to keep
【详解】句意:老师命令学生们在图书馆里保持安静。“order sb. to do sth.” 是固定搭配,意为 “命令某人做某事”,此处已有过去式 ordered,只需填不定式 to keep。故填 to keep。
15. My father has been used to ________ (drink) a cup of tea after dinner for many years.
【答案】drinking
【详解】句意:我父亲多年来习惯晚饭后喝一杯茶。“be used to doing sth.” 是固定搭配,意为 “习惯于做某事”,其中 to 是介词,后接动名词形式;由 “for many years” 可知用现在完成时,故填 drinking。
三、完成句子
1.以前在小学时,我是一个害羞的小姑娘,我很少在班里说话。
I a shy girl in my primary school, and I spoke in class.
【答案】 used to be seldom
【详解】根据句意可知,第一处表示“过去是”,用“used to be”结构;第二处表示“很少”,用副词“seldom”。故填used;to;be;seldom。
2.例如,当你不用电脑时,请关掉它。
For example, please your computer you are not using it.
【答案】 turn off when
【详解】关掉:turn off,句子是祈使句,以动词原形开头;当:when,引导时间状语从句。故填turn;off;when。
3.我们小时候常常谈论,长大成人后想成为什么样的人。
When we were young, we often talked about what we wanted to be when we ________ ________.
【答案】 grew up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少 “长大成人”。grow up “长大”,固定短语;根据 “talked” 可知,句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填 grew;up。
4.他的父母多么骄傲啊!
his parents are!
【答案】 How proud
【详解】根据中英文提示可知,此处是感叹句,形容词proud“骄傲”;感叹句中,修饰形容词用how,其结构为“How+形容词+主语+谓语!”。故填How;proud。
5. 你想在牛奶里加多少糖?
sugar would you like to the milk?
【答案】 How much to add
【详解】sugar是不可数名词,所以,前两空用how much“多少”,句首首字母大写;would like to do sth“想要做某事”;add“加”。故填How;much;to;add。
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xu Keyi, a 37-year-old photographer (摄影师), developed an interest in taking photos of wild animals. When she was a child, she always 1 (dream) of traveling with a camera. After university, she worked as a reporter, but then a special trip 2 (complete) changed her life.
During a trip to Antarctica, Xu saw penguin (企鹅) parents protecting their babies from danger. It touched her greatly and she made a 3 (decide) to become a full-time wildlife photographer. 4 she has visited many places in the world, her favorite place to work is China. “Some amazing animals like green peafowls (孔雀) only live in 5 (we) country,” she said. Last year, Xu climbed a mountain in Yunnan to take photos of green peafowls. After waiting in the rain for hours, she finally heard a peafowl singing on the mountain. It was 6 moment of breathtaking beauty.
Xu also encourages people 7 (care) about endangered animals through her photos. After she shared photos of China’s protected golden Kaiser-i-Hind butterfly online, more 8 (volunteer) began to help protect these butterflies. “Many animals may disappear before people notice them,” Xu says. “We should act much 9 (early).” The photographer feels happy when seeing more young people play a part 10 protecting the wildlife. Xu will continue showing the beauty of animals to the world through her camera.
【答案】
1.dreamt/dreamed 2.completely 3.decision 4.Although/Though 5.our 6.a 7.to care 8.volunteers 9.earlier 10.in
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要介绍了一位摄影师的成长经历与职业选择:她从小梦想带相机旅行,大学毕业后先做记者,一次特别旅行让她决定成为全职野生动物摄影师;她拍摄绿孔雀、金带喙凤蝶等珍稀动物,并通过照片鼓励人们关心、参与濒危野生动物的保护。
1.句意:当她还是个孩子的时候,她总是梦想着带着相机去旅行。dream“梦想”,动词作谓语,根据“When she was a child”可知句子时态为一般过去时,故填dreamt/dreamed。
2.句意:大学毕业后,她当了一名记者,但后来一次特别的旅行彻底改变了她的生活。complete“完全的”,形容词,根据动词“changed”可知此处应用副词,其副词形式completely“彻底地”符合语境,故填completely。
3.句意:这极大地触动了她,她做了一个成为全职野生动物摄影师的决定。decide“决定”,动词,根据“a”可知此处应用单数可数名词,其名词为decision“决定”,make a decision“做决定”符合语境,故填decision。
4.句意:尽管她游览过世界上许多地方,但是她最喜欢工作的地方是中国。根据“she has visited many places in the world”和“her favorite place to work is China.”可知此处引导让步状语从句,位于句首首字母需要大写,故填Although/Though。
5. 句意:她说:“一些像绿孔雀这样令人惊叹的动物只生活在我们的国家”。we“我们”,人称代词,根据名词“China”可知此处应用其形容词性物主代词作定语,故填our。
6.句意:那是一个美得令人惊叹的时刻。根据“moment”是可数名词单数可知此处应用不定冠词,而“moment”以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7. 句意:徐也通过她的照片鼓励人们关心濒危动物。care“关心”,动词,根据“encourage” 的固定搭配是 “encourage sb. to do sth.”可知此处填入不定式作宾语补足语,故填to care。
8.句意:在她在网上分享了中国受保护的金带喙凤蝶的照片后,更多的志愿者开始帮助保护这些蝴蝶。volunteer“志愿者”,可数名词,根据“more”可知此处应用其复数形式,故填volunteers。
9.句意:我们应该更早地采取行动。early“早早”,副词,根据“much”可知此处应用其比较级形式,故填earlier。
10.句意:当看到更多的年轻人参与保护野生动物时,这位摄影师感到很高兴。根据play a part“在……中起作用;参与……”可知其后接介词in,表示在某方面起作用,故填in。
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